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一、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词 是终止性的过去时，则从句表示的时间 是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。如： He has studied very hard since he came to our school. 自从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常 努力。 We have been missing them since they left here 自从他们离开这首)
“延续的动词（肯定式）+until ”表示 “直到…为止” I waited for him until he came back. “非延续性动词（否定式）+until ”表示 “直到┅才” He didn’t go to bed until he finished his work.
注意: not until 在句首时要倒装
Not until he saw it himself did he believe it.
4)表示“一…就…”的句型
(1)as soon as, once, the moment/ minute/ second, immediately/ directly/ instantly
____ we got to the station, the train had left already. A.If B. Unless C. Since D. When
We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work. A. since B. until C. because D. though It was not ______ she took off her dark glasses ______ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then . He was about halfway through his meal ______ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while
2. 让步状语从句
引导词有：
although, though, even if/though, as , while（尽管）whether…or…( 无论…还 是… ), whoever= no matter who whenever= no matter when whatever= no matter what wherever= no matter where however= no matter how
5)Every time, each time等也可以引 导时间状语从句
Every time I caught a cold , I had pain in my head.
连接词before的小结： 1. We had sailed four days and four “……才” nights before we saw land. 2. We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. “不到……就” 4. Before I could get in a word, he had “还没来得及” measured me. It will be a long time before… It won’t be long before… It is / has been two years since sb did sth.
状语从句
时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 让步状语从句 比较状语从句
状 语 从 句
1.时间状语从句
1)由连词when, while, as, as soon as, before, after, since, till/ until 等引导。 • 主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在 时表将来
_____ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her ______ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once
二、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持 续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时时，则 从句表示的时间是“从那持续动作或状态结 束时算起”。如： I haven’t heard any noise since I slept. Sleep 为持续性动词，sleep的动作结束时， 即“醒来”时，这句应译为“我醒后还未听 到任何声音”。 John is now with his parents in New York, it is already three years since he was a teacher约翰现在和父母一起住在纽约，他不 当教师已经三年了。
另外, when/while还作并列连词,连接并列分句, while表示 “而,可是”如: I like reading while my wife enjoys watching TV. when表示 “就在这时” 在下列结构中，表示某 件事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。
1.be about to do… when… 2.be doing… when… 3.had done… when…
1)as 引导的让步从句要倒装，句型为： 形容词/ 副词/ 名词（不带冠词）/ 动词 （原形）+主语+谓语 Young as he is, he knows a lot. Much as I like it, I can’t afford it. Farmer as he is, he is well-educated. Try as I might, I couldn’t lift the stone. 2）although不倒装， though可倒装也可 不倒装, as 必须倒装
We were about to leave____ it began to rain. 2. She thought I was talking about her son, ____, in fact, I was talking about my son. 3. Hardly had I finished my composition ____ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during
e.g. We were about to start when it began to rain. I was playing computer games when mom came in.
while的用法小结 ： ①While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while when =_______) ②He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. ( while but ③While I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive. (while=___________) although
I will tell him when he comes back.
2)while, when, as辨析
While引导的时间状语从句只指一段时间， 强调某一段时间内，主从句动作同时发 生。从句动词常是延续性的 When既可以指一个时间点,也可以是一段 时间，可表示主从句的动作同时或先后 发生。从句动词可以是延续性的，也可 以是非延续性的。 As强调主句﹑从句动作相并发生,译为”一 边…一边…”
How long is it since you lived in Shanghai? 你离开（没住在）上海多久了延续性；不… 多长时间了 It is half a month since he was a League member.他退团（不当团员）半个月了。 It’s been quite some time since I was last in London我离开伦敦已很长时间了。 比较：He has written to me frequently since I was ill.自从我病愈以来，他屡次给我写信。 （从句谓语为状态动词） He has written to me frequently since I fell ill. 自从我生病以来，他就屡次给我写信。 （从句谓语为终止性动词）
As soon as he comes, I’ll tell him. The moment I saw him, I recognized him. I left immediately the clock struck 5.
(2)on / upon doing / on (upon) one’s +n
When he returned , his wife was cooking. While he was reading, his wife was cooking. He hurried home, looking behind as he went .
对比训练 1 ____ he heard this, he got very angry. 2. I met Lucy____ I was walking along the river. 3. ____ a child, he lived in the countryside. A. when B. while C. as
