Da Vinci used a technique known as Sfumato (渲染层 次) — the blurring (使模糊不清) of sharp edges by mixing colours — to leave the corners of the eyes and the mouth in shadow. It is this technique that makes the Mona Lisa's expression that can be understood in more than one way. Today, the Mona Lisa looks rather sad, in dull shades of brown and yellow. This is due to a layer of varnish (清漆) covering the paint, which has yellowed over the years. It is possible that the painting was once brighter and more colourful than it is now.
The painting, a halflength portrait, depicts a woman with an expression often described as mysterious. Who is this familiar figure? Many suggestions have been made, but the most likely one is Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a Florentine silk merchant. Another more unlikely — but popular — theory is that the painting was a selfportrait. There are certainly similarities between the facial features of the Mona Lisa and of the artist's selfportrait painted many years later. Could this be why Da Vinci gave the subject such a mysterious smile?
