名词性从句专讲专练

名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。

它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。

分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题2. 考查引导词that与what的区别3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4. 考查whether与if的区别5. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。

因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词：when, where, how, why1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。

主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。

that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。

例如：What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。

It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。

名词性从句专讲专练I．引导词A．连词：that (没有实在意义，不充当句子成份)whether （是否，不充当句子成份，可以引导各类名词性从句，一般可以和or, or not 连用）if （是否，不充当句子成份，引导宾语从句。

注意：它还可以引导条件状语从句，表“如果”）as if （好像，可引导表语从句。

注意：它还可以引导方式状语从句。

）because (因为，可引导表语从句。

它还可以引导原因状语从句。

)B．连接代词：who （谁，在从句中作主语、表语）whom （谁，在从句中作宾语、表语）whose （谁的，在从句中作定语）what （在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语时泛指事物，没有具体的含义，但作定语时可以翻译为“什么”；另外，它还可以用来询问“价格，人口等”，表示“多少”）which （哪一个/些，在从句中充当宾语和定语，一般强调在某一范围内的（哪个//些….）whoever (无论谁，在从句中作主语、表语)whomever (无论谁，在从句中作宾语)whosever （无论谁的，在从句中作定语）whatever （在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语时可以翻译为“无论什么”）whichever （无论哪一个/些，一般在从句中充当宾语、和定语，而且强调在某一范围中的“无论哪一个/些”）C．连接副词：(注意：所有的连接副词在从句中都是充当状语)when （什么时候）where （哪里/在某处）why （为什么）how （1、多么，后接形容词或副词；2、怎么样，如何，修饰动词，说明动作实行的方式）how many （多少，后接可数名词）how much （多少，接不可数名词）how long （多长，指时间，回答可用“for+一段时间”）how far （多远，指路程或距离）how soon （多快，指时间，回答可用“in+一段时间”）how fast (多快，指速度)however （1、无论多么，后接形容词或副词；2、怎么样，如何，修饰动词，说明动作实行的方式）wherever (无论哪里)whenever （无论何时//什么时候）Cf. no matter howno matter whereno matter when只能引导让步状语从句II. 各类名词性复合句的句型结构特点：A．主语从句：主语从句+ 主句的谓语动词+ （宾语）+ 状语或其他That he failed the math exam surprised all of us.That you joined us made all of us happy.That he didn’t care for money was a lie.Whether we’ll go out for an outing depends on the weather.What he did added to our difficulty.What surprised everybody was that he didn’t come to the meeting.B．宾语从句：a. 主句的主语+主句的谓语动词（vt. // vi. +prep./adv.）+宾语从句The manager came out to see what was the matter.Have you decided which subject you are going to choose?He asked me how soon we would finish the work.We have to find out whose fault it was.b. 主句的主语+主句的谓语+其他+ 介词+宾语从句The importance of bringing in new machines lies in that they can help to produce more clothes.The soldiers stood there still except that his lips were moving.What we eat now is very different from what we used to eat.Finally they decided to settle in what is called New England now.Give the book to whomever you meet in the classroom.I know nothing about whether Mr. Smith’s operation had been successful.C．表语从句：主句的主语+主句的谓语动词be //link v. +表语从句The question is whether our meeting should be put off.He is a lazy boy and that is why he is always late for school.D．同位语从句：抽象名词+ 同位语从句（一般用that引导-----陈述语气）常见的抽象名词有：truth fact news information idea viewpoint have an idea陈述语气have no idea-疑问语气problem question belief faith order command request requirement demand suggestion advice proposal insistence fear hope wishThe question whether he will come or not is not settled.Do you have any idea when he will set off?I didn’t know the fact that he was angry until you told me.Nothing can change his faith that he can be a very successful man in the near future.The idea that we try again is a good one.III. 各类从句的特定句型：1）主语从句：用it 作形式主语的句型a.It + be + adj.//n. +主语从句** It is natural // important // necessary // surprising // strange // funny + that 引导的主语从句，从句的谓语动词可以用(should) + do // be done 的形式It is natural that we should learn English well.It is important that we (should) keep the balance of nature.It is natural that you (should) forget it first.It is strange that you (should) say no.b.It + be + V.(p.p.) +主语从句It is requested that Miss Wang (should) give a speech at the meeting.It is suggested that we (should) have a meeting next week.It is ordered that we (should) go to the place where we are needed best.c.It (so) + happened +主语从句It so happened that I was at the spot at that time.It happened that I was out that day.d.It + matters //mattered (much//little) +主语从句It matters much whether you are determined or not if you want to succeed.e.It + doesn’t//didn’t matter +主语从句It doesn’t matter whether we have money or not..f.It + seems//seemed (to sb) + adj.//n. + 主语从句It seems to me quite strange that he should be so rude to his classmates.g.It + depends +主语从句It depends whether we can do it with fewer workers and less money.h.It is no wonder + that主语从句It is no wonder that he got high marks in the exam.It is no wonder that you misunderstood him.i.It makes no // little // great … difference +主语从句It won’t make any difference whether she will accept the invitation or not.It made great difference whether he would come to my birthday party or not. 主语从句翻译题目翻译练习1．(谁将去接他)_____________ is not decided.2．(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)________ is not clear so far.3．(他能否买到飞机票)________________ doesn’t matter much.4．(我们如何去那里)_________________ is a question.5．(你刚才告诉我的)________________ was really a surprise.6．(他什么时候出国)_________________ is being discussed7．(他为什么哭)_________________ is not clear.8．It is clear__________(他是一个乞丐).9．(你要请谁)_____________ is not important.10.(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)__________________ is not clear.答案1．who will pick him up is not decided.2．which class will win the match is not clear so far.3．whether he can buy the ticket for plane doesn’t matter much.4．how we will go there is a question.5．what you told me just now was really a surprise.6．when he will go abroad is being discussed7．why he cries is not clear.8．It is clear that he is a beggar9．who you will invite is not important.10．where the basketball will be held is not clear.Ⅰ．选择题：1. _____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.A. The estimateB. The estimateC. They are estimatedD. It is estimated that2. _____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.A. WhichB. SinceC. AlthoughD. How3. _____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.A. WhoeverB. WhateverC. HoweverD. That4. _____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.A. For the reason that he isB. Just because he isC. The reason of beingD. That he is5. Although _____ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.A. whichB. whatC. howD. it6. _____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.A. That occurred to herB. She occurred thatC. To her that occurredD. It occurred to her that7. I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.A. whichB. allC. thisD. what8. We lost our way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.A. thatB. whichC. itD. what9. _____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.A. WhichB. SinceC. AlthoughD. How10. _____ or not is still uncertain.A. He’s comingB. If he is comingC. That comingD. Whether he’s coming2）宾语从句：用it 作形式宾语的句型a.make// find// feel // think // consider // believe // suppose + adj. // n. +宾语从句I never believe it true that he is dishonest.I think it wrong that the young don’t respect the old.You’d better make it clear that you are only a boy.Do you think it a pity that she can’t come to our party?b. 主句的主语+ 主句的谓语+ it +宾语从句I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.I dislike it when he spoke to me like that.Never depend on it that God will help you.Why don’t you bring it to his attention that you are too busy to do it?1.It depends on +宾语从句2.主句的主语+ 主句的谓语+ it +宾语从句I heard it said that he was killed in the battle.1．Can you see________A. what he’s readingB. what is he readingC. what does he readD. he reads what2．Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan3．_What did your son say in the letter_He told me that he___ the Disney would the next dayA.will visitB. has visitedC. is going to visitD. would visit4．He didn’t know__________A.what’s the matterB.what the matter isC. what was the matterD. what the matter was5．Somebody called you just now,but I didn’t know____A.who were theyB. who they wereC. who was itD. who it was6．I want to know_____A.what is his nameB. what’s his nameC. that his name isD. what his name is7．---Could you tell me ___she is looking for---Her cousin,susan.A.thatB.whose C .who D.which8．---What are you searching the Internet for---I’m trying to find out____.A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLUB.How many persons have died in IraqC.How to protect our environmentD.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea9．Do you know___________?(谁正在唱歌)10．Do you know___________?(她正在和谁谈话)11．Do you know___________?(昨天发生了什么事)The keys: 1 A.2 if,comes.3D. 4 D. 5 D. 6 D. 7 C. 8 B9 who is singing10 who she is talking with11 what happened yesterday3）表语从句：a.It looks/looked as if-clauseIt looks as if // as though someone were running after her now.It looks as if // as though she were two years younger today.It looks as if // as though she hadn’t done that at all.It looks as if // she would live another 100 years.b.It seems//seemed that-clauseIt seems that he is very disappointed.c.It appears//appeared that-clauseIt appeared that he could do everything possible to help the poor.d.That’s//This is +表语从句That is what I wanted to say to you.e.It is because…If you asked me why I fired you, I would say that it was all because you were as lazy as a pig.1. — Where is Jack?— He is ____ you told him to go.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. 不填2. The difficulty we now meet with is ____ we can persuade him to tell the truth.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. how3. America was ____ was first called “India” by Columbus.A. whatB. whereC. the placeD. there4. After ten years, he changed a lot and looked different from ____ he used to be.A. thatB. whomC. whatD. who5. The main facts in human life are five: birth, food, sleep, love and death. One could increase the number —add breathing for instance — but these five are the most obvious. Let us ask ourselves ____ our lives.A. they play in what partB. they play what part inC. what part they play inD. in what part they play6. My hometown is quite different from ____ before.A. that it wasB. it wasC. what it wasD. which it was7. ____ is ____ the students to find out the meaning and the usage of new words.A. What a dictionary does; helpB. What dictionary does; to helpC. How a dictionary does; helpD. All that a dictionary does; helps8. ____ is worth doing at all is worth doing well.A. WhateverB. WhoeverC. However itD. Whatever it9. You can choose ____ book you like among these.A. no matter whatB. whateverC. whoseD. whichever10. You can take ____ much you want and ____ you want to.A. Whatever; whenB. Whenever; howeverC. however; whateverD. however; whoever11. Was it at the very beginning ____ Mr. White made the decision ____ we should send more fire’fighters there?A. when; whichB. that; thatC. when; soD. where; what12. ____ a plan to deal with it is important.A. What we should work outB. We should work outC. That we should work outD. That what we should work out13. ____ the boss said at the meeting isn’t true astonished all of us.A. ThatB. WhatC. What thatD. That what14. ____ comes back first is supposed to win the prize.A. AnybodyB. WhoC. WhoeverD. No matter who15. The reason ____ I plan to go is ____ she will be disappointed if I don’t.A. that; becauseB. why; thatC. why; becauseD. that; for16. — I fell off my horseback and broke my leg yesterday.— Is that ____ you drank too much?A. whyB. howC. becauseD. when本章补充强化训练题参考答案1.A2.D3.B4.C5.C6.C7.A8.A9.D 10.C11.B 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.B 16.C4) 同位语从句：a. have no idea +同位语从句Sorry, I really have no idea where she lives.Have you any idea when she is leaving for Beijing?b. have an idea + that引导同位语从句I have an idea that she won’t leave me whatever happens.c. there is no need// no doubt + that引导同位语从句There is no need that you worry about his safety, you see, he is a big boy now.There is no doubt that he is devoted to you.d. there is (great) doubt + 同位语从句There is great doubt who have stolen the car .e. Word came +that引导同位语从句(为了使句子结构更加平衡，抽象名词作主语而后面接有一个同位语从句时，往往把同位语从句后置。

名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。

它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。

因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词：when, where, how, why1. 主语从句（两种结构，三类连接词）两种结构1.主语从句位于句首：What he wants is a book.Who kept the door open all night was unknown.2.主语从句位于句尾，it 作形式主语。

（1）It + be + 名词+ that从句It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。

It’s no surprise that our team should have wo n the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。

（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this. 很明显我们不能这样下去了（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.众所周知光沿直线传播。

It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…三类连接词:1.连词that whetherthat引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。

高考英语专题讲练-《名词性从句》【情境感知-单项选择】1.The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever【答案】C2. --- I’m sorry. I think I am not fit for the job. I don’t handle pressur e too well.--- Oh, I can’t believe it. You know, that’s not the impression I have of you at all. That’s_________ I’d describe myself.A. whatB. whyC. whichD. how【答案】D3. Introverts (性格内向的人), according to Susan Cain, tend to enjoy being alone, doing quieter things or being with just one friend at a time. She says that is _____ they get their energy.A. whyB. whenC. howD. where【答案】C4.________ work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress is deeply rooted in our social values.A. HowB. WhetherC. ThatD. Why【答案】C5. World AIDS Day is also important in reminding us that HIV has notgone away, and there are many things still to be done.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. /【答案】C6.It shocked the world the United States withdrew from some major agreements it had been committed to, including the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change mitigation and the 2015 Iran Nuclear Deal.A. whichB. whatC. whetherD. that【答案】D7. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how【答案】C8.She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.A. whenB. whereC. whetherD. what【答案】C9.Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.A. HoweverB. WhoeverC. WhateverD. Wherever【答案】C10.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A. whyB. whatC. asD. that【答案】D11.Having checked the doors were closed, and all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A. whyB. thatC. whenD. where【答案】B12. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.A. whereB. whenC. whyD. how【答案】D13. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why【答案】C14.This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what【答案】D15.Jenny asked me _____ I had returned the bike to its owner, and I admitted that I hadn’t.A. whenB. whereC. whetherD. what【答案】C16. According to The Sun, British scientists have solved the ancient riddle of ________ came first—chicken or egg?A. whoB. whatC. whichD. that【答案】C17. Today we focus on _____ is called recurrent obesity (复发性肥胖) or yo-yo obesity (溜溜球式肥胖), _____ is the phenomenon _____ we gain weight and then go on a successful diet, but within 12 months we go back to our original weight.A. what; which; in whichB. which; which; whereC. all; that; thatD. whatever; as; which【答案】A18.Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A. whateverB. whoeverC. whomeverD. whichever【答案】B19.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.A. whyB. whereC. howD. when【答案】B20.The fact has worried many scientists ________ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A. whatB. beforeC. thatD. though【答案】C【情境感知-语法填空】1.It’s possible that one way out could be blocked by fire or sm oke, so you’ll want to know other ones are.【答案】where2.Ross expressed concerns previously raised by Elon Musk AI could be dangerous if it were to go evil and turn on humanity.【答案】that3.It was believed on this day the well was full of dragon eggs which would bring the collectors good harvest.【答案】that4.But on closer inspection, things are not quite they seem: Gao’s real name is Terry Crossman and he is from the United States.【答案】what5. He excitedly pulled hard at it, and he saw made him exclaim, “Wow! A big, shiny gold chain!”【答案】6.You have to know ________ you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.【答案】where7. ____________ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won’t accept it.8.____________ she says will not make any difference to our arrangements.【答案】Whatever9.If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate ____________ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.【答案】what10.We must find out ________ Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.【答案】when11.I'm not sure ________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.【答案】which12.As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【答案】how13.A ship in harbor is safe，but that’s not ____________ ships are built for.【答案】what14. puzzles us is why you would bother to borrow $5,000 ?15. we celebrate is the end of winter, arrival ofspring, and reunion with family and relatives.【答案】What16. When the sugar cools down, appears is a pieceof sugar craft.【答案】what17.Obviously, humans know the causes to the changes are, among which human activity and climate change are mainly to blame…【答案】what18. I truly believe ____________ beauty comes from within.【答案】that19.—I wonder ____________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.—By working out every day.【答案】how20.They wanted to understand who painted the pictures and they might mean.【答案】【情境感知-改错】1. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.【答案】but→and2. As is known to us that life is not a smooth journey, whichis full of ups and downs, so never lose heart.【答案】As→it.3. The other day our class have a discussion about if we should welcome the Web Language.【答案】if→whether4. I was in the kitchen with my wife and children while we heard a loud noise.【答案】while→when5. I believe hard work is that it takes to accomplish my goal.【答案】that→what6. Which you ought to have every day are cereal, noodles, rice, fruit and vegetables rather than the junk food.【答案】Which→What7.If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.【答案】but→and8. Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the housework.【答案】so→but9.I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship.【答案】so→but10.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.【答案】or→and11.It is required which all swimmers should shower with soap before entering the pool.【答案】which→that12.Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.【答案】and→or13.Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank.【答案】so→but或yet14.I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.【答案】and→but15. Reading is that I really love, both for fun and knowledge.【答案】that→what16.That made it even worse was that our bus broke up on the way.【答案】That→What17.Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.【答案】去掉but18.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.【答案】or→ and19. I’m more than grateful for that he has done for me.【答案】what20. There the doctor asked Jack how he had coughed sometimes for long time.【答案】how→if/whether【情境感知-单句翻译】1. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。