2020年高考英语满分必背教师用书(149页)

姓名，年级：时间：第二讲增加细节的5大高分技巧在应用文写作中,增加细节内容的描述是必不可少的。

在信息提纲类写作中,考生一定不能简单地翻译或者仅仅完成所给条目的指定内容；在看图作文中更不能只是轻描淡写图片内容，否则很有可能造成内容不充实、词数要求不达标或者结构不连贯等问题。

适当增加细节内容，能够使习作流畅、丰满，达到应有的表达效果.列举具体的实例进行补充说明(2019·浙江卷6月·应用文写作）我仍旧记得……1．I still remember.。

→I still remember what you have devoted to improving my oral English and English writing。

2．(2018·浙江卷11月·应用文写作)这是一个黑色的皮革钱包。

It is a black leather wallet.→It is a black leather wallet with my ID card，2 credit cards and around 200 dollars in it.3．（2020·宁波综合检测·应用文写作)我想大体上介绍一下中国的传统文化。

I'd like to talk briefly about Chinese traditional culture.→I’d like to talk briefly about Chinese traditional culture,especially Chinese painting.4．(2020·台州市第一次质量预测·应用文写作）现在，我想与你分享春节的一些传统风俗习惯。

Now，I’d like to share with you some traditional customs of the Spring Festival.→Now，I’d like to share with you some traditional customs of the Spring Festival,the most important festival in China。

第八讲定语从句和名词性从句定语从句是高考考查的重点，也是必考点之一，语法填空主要考查关系代词、关系副词的选用，故分清句子结构，搞清定语从句部分缺少何种成分至关重要。

语法填空考查形式均为无提示词型填空。

定语从句的重要性还体现在书面表达上，它属于高级句式，对提升文章的档次起着举足轻重的作用。

如何确定填关系代词或关系副词[思考趋向]1．依据句子成分，先确定是定语从句还是名词性从句，然后判定先行词，再判定关系词在从句中所作成分，最后确定填关系代词或关系副词。

2．知晓并列句与定语从句的主要区别在于：并列句是由and，but等并列连词连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。

[典例感悟][典例1](2018·浙江卷6月)Many westerners ________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.详细分析：who/that[此处缺少引导定语从句并在定语从句中作主语的关系代词，故用who 或that。

][典例2](2018·江苏卷)Self-driving is an area________China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.详细分析：where[句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界上其他国家处于同一条起跑线上的领域。

考查定语从句。

设空处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词an area。

将先行词代入定语从句后为China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line in_the_area.由此可知先行词与表地点的介词in一起在定语从句中作地点状语，所以要用关系副词where。

2020年精编人教版英语资料Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading —Pre­readingDo you know the Peace Corps and what the Peace Corps volunteers do? Read the following passage to get the answers.President John F. Kennedy began the program, Peace Corps, in 1961. The Peace Corps sends American volunteers to provide technical assistance in education and other areas in developing countries.Amanda Pease is one of almost 40 volunteers serving in rural schools in Sierra Leone.Ms Pease teaches science at Saint Joseph's, a high school in eastern Sierra Leone. She studied chemical engineering at the University of California,Los Angeles. She decided to serve for two years in the Peace Corps after she finished her degree.“I was trying to decide between going the academic (学术的) route and doing a postdoctoral (博士后) degree and go into industry, and then I had been doing some volunteer work and the idea was always floating around，” she says.Peace Corps volunteers left Sierra Leone in 1994 because of civil war. But now they are back.Science teachers are in especially short supply. Efforts in Sierra Leone to get more children through primary school have led to crowded high schools.Amanda Pease is the only chemistry and physics teacher at her school. She says she has to work hard to get students more interested in learning, as she thought they would be.“I had sort of a romantic idea coming to a developing country where everyone is super motivated but just does not have opportunities, and that is not exactly how it is. Not that I am saying the opportunities are so great, because of course there are limited opportunities if you compare it to America, but I think one of the biggest things is literally just motivation，” she says.What she loves best about her experience, she says, is the magical moment when students understand a chemical process or ask her for more exercises.More than 8,000 Peace Corps volunteers are currently serving around the world. Volunteers become part of the community where they work and live.1．2．What do the volunteers do?3．The picture is the sign for Chinese Young Volunteers Association. Now you can try your best to match the meaning of each part to the divided signs.①The heart sta nds for A．help②The hand stands for B．love and care③The dove stands for C．peace④The letter “Y” stands for D．young答案：①～④BACD1．The text is a letter written by Jo, a young volunteer who teaches in a(n) high school in a poor mountainous village.She writes of her experiences as a teacher and her visit to the village where one of her students lives.2．Read the text and then match the main idea with each part.(1)Paragraph 1 A. Jo and Jenny visited Tombe's home in the village.(2)Paragraph 2～3 B．Closing of the letter.(3)Paragraph 4～8 C. The school where Jo worked and Jo's work at school.(4)Paragraph 9 D. Opening of the letter and introduction to what will be talked about in the passage.答案：(1)～(4) DCAB1．(1)Jo wrote the letter to her friend to ________.A．encourage her friend to come to Papua New GuineaB．share some photos she took in Papua New GuineaC．describe her work experience in Papua New GuineaD．introduce Papua New Guinea to her friend(2)The boys jumped out of the windows in the chemistry class because they________.A．didn't like doing chemistry experimentsB．were frightened by the bubbling mixtureC．wanted to ask someone else for helpD．couldn't stand the smell of the mixture(3)Why does Jo wonder how relevant chemistry is to the kids?A．Because she thinks chemistry is too difficult to learn.B．Because she thinks chemistry may make little difference to the kids' life.C．Because the kinds there hardly come across anything of chemistry.D．Because she thinks chemistry useless.(4)What can we learn about the school?A．It is located in a bush.B．Its buildings are round.C．It is very dark inside.D．It is far from most students' homes.(5)Why did Tombe throw the leftover food out of the hut?A．Because he disliked the leftover food.B．Because it was too dry to eat.C．Because he believed leftovers attracted evil spirits.D．Because he always wasted food.答案：(1)～(5) CBBDC2．Read the text carefully and fill in the form.Read the text carefully and then fill in the blanks.Joe is a young Australian woman who has worked as a volunteer teacher in Papua New Guinea for two years. She thought it wonderful to hear 1.from her friend, Rosemary, who was dying to hear all about her life there. The high school 2.whereshe worked was a bush school, 3.whose classrooms were made of bamboo and grass. The other day when Joe was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment, the mixture was bubbling 4.before she knew it. The boys who had never come 5.across anything like this before were so frightened that they started jumping out of the windows. 6.Though Joe wondered if chemistry was relevant to the kids, she tried to make 7.a difference to the boys' lives.Last weekend Joe went with another teacher to visit a village which was the home of one of the boys, Tombe. When they arrived, Tombe's mother, who was pulling weeds in her garden, started crying “ieee ieee” and his father led them into his house, a low bamboo hut with grass 8.sticking (stick) out of the roof. There being no windows and the doorway being just big enough to get through, the hut was so dark inside 9.that it took time for her eyes to adjust. After dinner, Joe noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire 10.to_be_heated (heat) to dry out the leftover food.priceless. What voluntary work have you done? If not, what will you do in the future?I_feel_very_embarrassed_for_I_haven't_done_any_kind_of_voluntary_work._But _if_I_have_chance_to_do_this_kind_of_work,_I_will_try_my_best._For_example,_I_ will_help_the_old_clean_their_houses_or_do_some_other_household_work_for_them, _because_it_can_not_only_help_others_but_also_make_my_life_colorful.。

姓名，年级：时间：第二部分题型应对探究第一讲细节理解题［整体感知·明方向]细节理解题在英语高考阅读理解中占了较大的比重，但此类题型相对比较简单，只需要根据题干中的关键词，回到原文定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出答案。

因此，对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对，力争不丢分，保住基本分才能得高分.细节理解题常分为直接信息题和间接信息题。

所谓直接信息题就是可以在原文中直接找到答案的细节题，主要考查原文中的时间、地点、人物等信息。

间接信息题需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断，此类试题在高考中占大多数.1．常见设问方式（1）特殊疑问句形式。

以when，where，what，which，who，how much/many 等疑问词引出的问题。

(2）判断是非形式。

含有TRUE/FALSE，NOT true或EXCEPT等的判断是非的问题.此时要注意题干中是否含有否定词，如not，never等。

(3）以“According to.。

”开头的提问形式。

(4)填空形式。

如The biggest challenge for most mothers is from ________。

2．正确选项特征(1)同义替换.指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。

如把lose one’s job换成了be out of work。

有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important变换成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。

(2)信息归纳.用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息,设置为正确答案。

（3）正话反说.把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。

3．干扰选项特征[分类例析·通技法］直接信息题［典例］（2019·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A节选)Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible：Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire，but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.22．What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program？A．15.18. B．15。

必修一UNIT1survey 调查；测验add up 合计upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.使不安；使心烦。

ignore 不理睬，忽视calm vt.vi（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的calm (…)down （使）平静下来；（使）镇静下来have got to 不得不；必须concern （使）担忧；涉及；关系be concerned about 关心；挂念walk the dog 遛狗loose 松的；松开的vet 兽医go through 经历；经受Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）Netherlands 荷兰（荷兰国家）Jewish 犹太人；犹太族的German 德国的；德国人的；德语的；德国人；德语Nazi n.纳粹党人adj.纳粹党的set down 记下；放下；登记series 连续；系列a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套outdoors 在户外；在野外spellbinding 迷住；迷惑on purpose 故意in order to 为了…dusk 黄昏；傍晚at dusk 在黄昏时刻thunder v打雷；雷鸣；n雷；雷声entire 整个的；完全的；全部的entirely 完全地；全然地；整个地power 能力；力量；权力face to face 面对面地curtain 窗帘；门帘；幕布dusty 积满灰尘的no longer\not…any longer 不再partner 伙伴；合作者；合伙人settle 安家；定居；停留使定居；安排；解决suffer 遭受；忍受；经历suffer from 遭受；患病loneliness 孤单；寂寞highway 公路；大路；<美>高速公路recover 痊愈；恢复；重新获得get\be tired of 对…厌烦pack 捆扎；包装；打行李小包；包裹pack（sth）up 将（东西）装箱打包suitcase 手提箱；衣箱overcoat 大衣；外套teenager 十几岁的青少年get along with 与…相处；发展gossip 闲话；闲谈fall in love 相爱爱上exactly 确实如此；正式；确切地disagree 不同意grateful 感激的；表示谢意的dislike 不喜欢；厌恶join in 参加；加入tip n.揭示；技巧；尖；尖端；消费vt. 倾斜；翻到secondly 第二；其次swap 交换item 项目；条款UNIT2subway 地下人行道；<美>地铁elevator 电梯直升机petrol <美>汽油；（=<美>gasoline）gas 汽油；气体；煤气；毒气official 官方的；正式的；公务的voyage 航海；航行conquer 征服；占领because of 因为；由于native adj.本国的；本地的；n本地人；本国人come up 走近；上来；提出apartment <美>公寓住宅；单元住宅actually 实际上；事实上AD 公元base 以…为根据；n 基部；基地；基础at present 现在；目前gradual 逐渐的；逐步的gradually 逐渐地；逐步地Danish 丹麦语；adj. 丹麦的；丹麦的人；丹麦语的enrich 使富裕；充实；改善vocabulary 词汇；词汇量；词表Shakespeare 莎士比亚make use of 利用；使用spelling 拼写；拼法latter 较后的；后半的；（两者中）后者的identity 本身；本体；身份fluent 流利的；流畅的fluently 流利地；流畅地Singapore 新加坡Malaysia 马来西亚；马来群岛such as 例如……；想这种frequent 频繁的；常见的frequently 常常；频繁地usage 使用；用法；词语惯用法command 命令；指令；掌握request 请求；要求dialect 方言expression 词语；表达；表示midwestern 中西部的；有中西部特性的African 非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的Spanish 西班牙人；西班牙的play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与eastern 东方的；东部的southeastern 东南方的；来自东南方的northwestern 西北方的；来自西北的recognize 辨认出；承认；公认lorry 卡车Houston 休斯顿Texas 德克萨斯州accent 口音；腔调；重音catfish 鲶鱼lightning 闪电straight 直接；挺直；直的；笔直的；正直的block 街区；块；木块；石块cab出租车unit3journal日记；杂志．定期刊物transport运送．运输Prefer更喜欢;选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)disadvantage不利条件；不便之处fare费用route人路线．路途Mekong 湄公河flow 流动．流出n 流动．流量ever since 从那以后persuade说服．劝说cycle骑自行车graduate 毕业n 大学毕业生finally最后．终于schedule 时间表；进度表；制度表；为某事安排时间fond心喜爱的．慈爱的；宠爱的be fond of 喜爱；喜欢short coming缺点stubborn顽固的；固执的organize 组织，成立care about 关心；忧虑；detail 细节；详情source 来源；水源determine讨决定；确定；下定决心change one’s mind改变主意journey 旅行．旅程altitude 海拔高度．高处make up one’s mind 下决心.决定give in 投降.屈服.让步atlas 地图；地图集glacier 冰河；冰川Tibetan 西藏的；藏族的；藏族人的；藏语；西藏人；藏族人rapids 急流valley谷；流域waterfall 瀑布Pace缓漫而行．踱步入一步．速度；步调bend弯，拐角；使弯曲；vi弯身；弯腰meander蜿蜒缓慢流动飞delta 三角洲attitude．看法Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰Boil （指液体）沸腾；（水）开forecast预测；预报parcel小包；包裹insurance 保险wool羊毛．毛织品as usual 照常reliable可信赖的．可靠的view 风景；注视；观点；见解vt 观看；注视；考虑pillow 枕头；枕垫midnight 午夜；子夜at midnight 在午夜flame火焰.光芒；热情beneath 在…下面Laos 老挝Laotian 老挝人；老挝（人）的temple 庙宇寺庙cave 洞穴．地窖UNIT4earthquake地震quake 地震right away 立刻马上well井crack 裂缝；劈啪声；（使）裂开‘破裂farmyard 农场；农家pipe 管；导管burst爆裂；爆发突然破裂，爆发million 百万event事件；大事as if 仿佛．好像at an end 结束；终结nation民族．国家；国民canal 运河．水道steam 蒸汽．水汽dirt污垢；泥土ruin 废墟．毁灭.毁灭.使破产in ruins 严重受损破败不堪suffering苦难．痛苦extreme极度的injure /损害.伤害survivor幸存者．生还者；残存物destroy 破坏；毁坏．消灭brick砖.砖块dam水坝．堰堤track轨道．足迹．痕迹useless无用的.无效的.无益的shock（使）震凉震动n休克打击rescue 援救：营救trap陷入困境n 陷阱；困境electricity 电，电流；电学disaster 灾难．灾祸dig out 掘出．发现bury埋葬；掩埋．隐藏mine矿．矿山矿井miner矿工shelter掩蔽．掩蔽处；避身处a(great)number of许多．大量的title标题；头衔．资格reporter 记者bar 条；棒；条状物damage损失损害frighten使惊吓；吓唬frightened受惊的.受恐吓的frightening心令人恐俱的congratulation 祝贺；（复数）贺词judge裁判员．法官以断定；判断；判决sincerely真诚地．真挚地express表示．表达快车；速递outline 要点；大纲．轮廓headline报刊的大字标题cyclist 骑自行车的人UNIT5quality质量：品质；胜质warm-hearted 热心肠的mean 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的active 积极的．活跃的generous 慷慨的大方的easy-going 随和的．温和宽容的self 自我自身selfish自私的selfless无私的．忘我的selflessly 无私地；忘我地devote献身．专心于devoted 忠实的；深爱的Bible 《圣经》invader 侵略者found建设republic 共和国.共和政体principle法则．原则；原理nationalism 民族主义；国家主义livelihood 升级；谋生peaceful和平的.平静的.安宁的giant巨大的．庞大的mankind人类layer律师guidance指导．领导legal法律的.依照法律的fee费（会费、学费等）酬金passbook 南非共和国有色人种的身份证out of work 失业helpful有希望的youth 青年；青年时期league同盟；联双．联合会Youth League青年团stage舞台阶段；时期vote 投票；选举儿投票选票；表决attack进攻；攻击；抨击violence暴力；暴行as a matter of fact 事实blow up使充气；爆炸equal 相等的.平等的in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑的处境中willing乐意的．自愿的unfair不公正的．不公平的turn to 求助于；致力于quote 引用语；语录release释放；发行lose heart 丧失勇气或信心escape逃脱，逃走泄露blanket毛毯．毯子educate教育educated受过教育的．有教养的come to power 当权；上台beg 请求；乞求relative亲戚亲属terror恐怖恐怖时期恐怖活动cruelty残忍残酷reward报酬；奖金酬劳．奖赏set up 建立sentence 判决，宣判be sentenced to 被判处……（徒刑）anti-【前缀】反；抗；阻anti-black 反黑人的president总统；会长；校长；行长Nobel Peace Prize 诺贝尔和平奖opinion 意见看法主张必修二UNIT1cultural文化的relic遗物．遗迹；纪念物rare 稀罕的；稀有的，珍贵的in search of 寻找honey 蜜.蜂蜜fancy奇特的．异样的想象；设想，爱好decorate装饰．装修jewel 珠宝.宝石troop群.组.军队reception 接待，招待会．接收at war 处于交战状态doubt怀疑．疑惑vt 怀疑不信mystery 神秘．神秘的事物former以前的.从前的trial审判．审讯，试验eyewitness 目击者；证人evidence 根据，证据explode爆炸maid少女．女仆Think highly of 看重；器重informal非正式的debate争论；辩论UNIT2ancient adj 古代的.古老的compete vi 比赛竞争competition 竞争者medal n 奖章；勋章；纪念章stand for 代表：象征，表示mascot n 吉祥物magical adj 巫术的.魔术的.有魔力的volunteer志愿者．志愿兵.志愿的，义务的regular adj 规则的．定期的．常规的basis 基础，根据athlete n 运动员；运动选手gymnastics 体操；体能训练athletics 体育运动．竞技stadium （露天大型）体育场gymnasium ( gym ) 体育馆、健身房host 做东；主办；招待n 主人responsibility n 责任．职责olive 橄榄树．橄榄叶；橄榄枝；橄榄色wreath 花圈、花冠、圈状物卿motto 座右铭；格言；警句swift 快的．迅速的similarity 相像性：相似点charge 收费．控诉.费用．主管in charge主管看管fine 罚款princess 公主glory 光荣．荣誉bargain 讨价还价.讲条件.便宜货prince王子goddess 女神deserve 应受.值得striker （足球的）前锋UNIT3abacus n 算盘calculate n 计算器laptop 手提电脑analytical adj 分析的calculate计算universal adj 普遍的．通用的.宇宙的simplify 简化sum 总数．算术题．金额operator （电脑）操作员；接线员logical 逻辑的；合情理的logically 逻辑上；合逻辑地.有条理地technology工艺．科技．技术technological adj 科技的revolution革命artificial 人造的．假的intelligence 智力：聪明智能intelligence adj 智能的：聪明的mathematical数学的reality 真实．事实．现实designer 设计师personal 私人的．个人的．亲自的personally 就个人而言，亲自tube 管；管子；电子管transistor 晶体管total adj 总的：整个的n 总数.合计application 应用：用途；申请finance金融；财经explore 探索.探侧.探究Anyhow （也作anyway ）无论如何．即使如此goal 目标．目的；球门；（进球）得分human rare人类virus病毒android 机器人signal发信号信号in a way 在某种程度上arise出现；发生electronic adj 电子的character 胜格．特点watch over 看守，监视naughty 顽皮的，淘气的niece 侄女spoil 损坏；宠坏UNIT4habitat 栖息地（动植物）自然环境threaten 恐吓；威胁decrease 减少（使）变小；或变少endanger 危害；使受到危险die out 灭亡；逐渐消失loss 损失遗失；丧失reserve 保护区zone 地域地带in danger （of）在危险中；垂危species 种类物种carpet 地毯respond 回答相应fur 毛皮毛软毛antelope 羚羊relief （痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除in relief 如释重负，松了口气laughter 笑笑声burst into laughter 突然笑起来mercy 仁慈rub 擦摩擦mosquito 蚊子millipede 千足虫insect 昆虫contain 包含容纳容忍powerful 强大的有力的affect 影响感动侵袭appreciate 鉴赏感激意识到succeed 成功；接替；继任secure 安全的；可靠的bite 叮，咬，刺痛extinction 灭绝消亡county 县；郡inspect 检查视察unexpected 没料到的意外的incident 事件事变fierce 凶猛的，猛烈的ending结尾；结局UNIT5classical 古典的；古典文艺的roll 滚动摇摆orchestra 管弦乐队rap 说唱乐folk 民间的jazz 爵士乐choral 合唱队的musician 音乐家dream of 梦见梦想to be honest 说实在的，说实话attach 系上附加连接attach to 认为有fame名声名望passer-by 过路人．行人extra 额外的外力instrument 工具；器械；乐器perform表演；履行；执行pub酒馆酒吧broadcast 播；播放humorous 幽默的．诙谐的familiar熟悉的；常见的；亲近的be ／get familiar with 熟悉与…熟悉起来break up 碎；分裂；解体reunited 在统一；在联合；重聚attractive吸引人的、有吸引力的addition 加；增加；加法addition 另外；也sort out 分类ballad 歌谣；情歌；民谣overnight 在晚上；在夜里；（口）很快；一夜之间dip浸；蘸tadpole 蝌蚪confident 自信的；确信的brief 简短的；简要的n 摘要；大纲devotion投人；热爱afterwards 然后；后来invitation 邀请；招待sensitive v / adj 敏感的；易受伤害的．灵敏的painful adj 痛苦的疼痛的above all 最重要；首先必修三UNIT1take place 发生beauty 美；美人starve （使）饿死；饿得要死origin 起源；由来；起因religious 宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的ancestor 祖先；祖宗grave 坟墓；墓地incense 熏香；熏香的烟in memory of 纪念；追念feast 节日；盛宴skull 头脑；头骨bone 骨；骨头belief 信任；信心；信仰dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰trick 诡计；恶作剧；窍门play a trick on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑arrival 到来；到达；到达者gain 获得；得到independence 独立；自主independent 独立的；自主的gather 搜集；集合；聚集agriculture 农业；农艺；农学agricultural 农业的；农艺的award 奖；奖品授予；定produce 产品；（尤指）农产品rooster 雄禽；公鸡admire 赞美；钦佩；羡慕energetic 充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的look forward to 期望；期待；盼望carnival 狂欢节；（四月斋前的）饮宴狂欢；嘉年华（会）lunar 月的；月亮的；阴历的parade 游行；阅兵；检阅day and night 日夜；昼夜；整天clothing 衣服Christian 基督徒；信徒基督教的；信基督教的Jesus 耶稣cherry 樱桃；樱桃树blossom 花开花as though 好象have fun with 玩得开心custom 习惯；风俗worldwide 遍及全世界的；世界性的rosebud 玫瑰花蕾fool 愚人；白痴；受骗者愚弄；欺骗干傻事；开玩笑傻的necessity 必要性；需要permission 许可；允许predection 预言；预报；预告fashion 样子；方式；时尚Trinidad 特立尼达岛Carla 卡拉（女名）Hari 哈利（男名）parking （汽车等）停放parking lot 停车场Valentine's Day 圣瓦伦廷节；情人节turn up 出现；到场keep one's word 守信用；履行诺言hold one's breath 屏息；屏气apologize 道歉；辩白drown 淹没；溺死；淹死sadness 悲哀；悲伤obvious 明显的；显而易见的wipe 擦；揩；擦去weave(wove woven) 编织；（使）迂回前进herd 牧群；兽群the Milky Way 银河magpie 喜鹊weep 哭泣；流泪哭；哭泣announcer 广播员；告知者；报幕员set off 出发；动身；使爆炸remind 提醒；使想起remind..of.. 使..想起..forgive(forgave forgiven) 原谅；饶恕UNIT2必修4Unit 1achievement n. 成就；功绩△Joan of Arc 圣女贞德（法国民族女英雄）△Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白•弗赖伊（英国慈善家）△Quaker n. 教友派信徒；贵格会会员welfare n. 福利；福利事业project n. 项目；工程；规划institute n. 学会；学院；协会△China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会specialist n. 专家；专业工作者△specialize vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于△Jane Goodall 简•古道尔(英国动物学家)△chimp n. （非洲）黑猩猩connection n. 连接；关系human being 人类△Jody Williams 乔迪•威廉斯（美国诺贝尔和平奖得者）campaign n. 运动；战役vi. 作战；参加运动△landmine n. 地雷organization n. 组织；机构；团体△Gombe National Park 贡贝国家公园(位于坦桑尼亚)behave vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现behaviour (=behavior) 行为；举止；习性shade n. 荫；阴凉处vt. 遮住光线move off 离开；起程；出发worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的nest n. 巢；窝bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守observation n. 观察；观测childhood n. 童年；幼年时代outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意argue vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵entertainment n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演lead a … life 过着……的生活crowd n. 人群；观众vt. 挤满；使拥挤crowd in （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示△inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞support n. & vt. 支持；拥护look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起refer vi. 谈到；查阅；参考refer to 查阅；参考；谈到audience n. 观众；听众；读者by chance 碰巧；凑巧come across （偶然）遇见；碰见△career n. 事业；生涯rate n. 比率；速度sickness n. 疾病；恶心intend vt. 计划；打算emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况generation n. 一代；一辈△determination n. 决心；果断kindness n. 仁慈；好意considerate adj. 考虑周到的consideration n. 考虑；体谅deliver vt. 递送；生（小孩儿）；接生；发表（演说等）carry on 继续；坚持modest adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的Unit 2statistic n. （常用pl statisitcs）数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料sunburnt adj. 晒黑的struggle vt. & vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力decade n. 十年；十年期super adj. 特级的；超级的△hybrid adj. 混合的；杂种的n. 杂交种；混血儿output n. 产量；输出△strain n.（植物的）品种；种类crop n. 庄稼；农作物；产量hunger n. 饥饿；欲望vt. & vi. （使）饥饿disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的expand vt. & vi. 使变大；伸展circulate vt. & vi. 循环；流传Vietnam n. 越南（东南亚国家）thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为battle n. 战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt. & vi. 搏斗；奋斗rid vt. 摆脱；除去rid… of 摆脱；除去be satisfied with 对……感到满意freedom n. 自由；自主would rather 宁愿；宁可therefore adj.因为；所以；因而equip vt. & vi. 配备；装备△sorghum n. 高粱grain n. 谷物；粮食；颗粒△peanut n. 花生export vt. & vi. 输出；出口nationality n. 国籍occupation n. 工作；职业；占领△personality n. 性格；个性；人格confuse vt. 使迷惑；使为难regret vt. 遗憾；惋惜n. 遗憾；懊悔chemical adj. 化学的；关于化学的△organic adj. 有机的；器官的；组织的△fertile adj. 肥沃的；富饶的△fertilizer n. 肥料；化肥production n. 生产；制造bacteria n. （bacterium的复数形式）细菌pest n. 害虫；害兽；害鸟build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发lead to 导致；造成（后果）nutrition n. 营养;滋养；食物mineral n. 矿物；矿石discovery n. 发现；发觉focus n. 焦点；中心点vt. 集中；聚集focus on 集中（注意力、精力等）于soil n. 土壤reduce vt. 减少；减缩keep … free from/of 使……免受（影响；害等）；使……不含（有害物）△soybean n. (=soyabean) 大豆root n. 根；根源skim vt. 浏览；略读underline vt. 画底线标出；强调summary n. 总结；摘要；概要comment n. 评论；议论vi. & vt. 表达意见；作出评论△producer n. 生产者；制片人△industrial adj. 工业的；产业的Unit 3humour n. 幽默；滑稽△punchline n. 故事、笑话等中的妙语；关键语△verbal adj. 口头的△nonverbal adj. 不用语言的△mime n. 哑剧△Charlie Chaplin 查理•卓别林（英国喜剧大师）△Edward Lear 爱德华•李尔（英国作家、画家）comedy n. 喜剧△Victor Hugo 维克多•雨果（法国文学家）up to now 直到现在△brighten vt. 使更愉快；使更有希望△depressed adj. 忧愁的；沮丧的content adj. 满足的；满意的n. 满足vt. 使满足feel/be content with 对……满足performer n. 表演者；演出者astonish vt. 使惊诧astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉利的unfortunately adv. 不幸地badly off 穷的；缺少的△teens n. 十几岁（13至19岁的年龄）ordinary adj. 平常的；普通的bored adj. 厌烦的△subtle adj. 微妙的；精巧的；技艺精湛的entertain vt. & vi. 使欢乐；款待△entertaining adj. 愉快的；有趣的△charming adj. 迷人的；有魅力的△tramp n. 流浪汉；行乞者throughout prep. 遍及；贯穿adv. 到处；始终；全部homeless adj. 无家的；无家可归的moustache n. 小胡子worn adj. 用旧的；用坏的；破烂的△worn-out adj. 磨破的；穿旧的△stiffly adv. 僵硬地failure n. 失败（者）△optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义overcome vt. & vi. (overcame,overcome)战胜；克服△underdog n. 失败者；处于劣势的一方△snowstorm n. 暴风雪leather n. 皮革pick out 挑出；辨别出△lace n. 饰带；花边；鞋带cut off 切断；断绝chew vt. & vi. 嚼碎；咀嚼（食物）△mouthful n. 一口；满口△enjoyment n. 享受；欢乐；乐趣convince vt. 使信服convincing adj. 令人信服的direct vt. & vi. 导演；指示；指挥adj. 直的；直接的；直率的star in 担任主角；主演△Oscar n. 奥斯卡outstanding adj. 突出的；杰出的；显著的Switzerland n. 瑞士（欧洲中部国家）△confidence n. 信心；信念△costume n. 服装；戏装gesture n. 姿态；手势vi. 做手势particular adj. 特殊的；特别的n. 细节；细目particularly adv. 特殊地；特别地occasion n. 时刻；场合budget n. 预算；开支actress n. 女演员slide vt. & vi. （使）滑动；（使）滑行n. 滑；滑动；幻灯片amuse vt. 使发笑；使愉快△amusing adj. 好笑的；有趣的pancake n. 烙饼；薄饼explanation n. 解释；讲解；说明detective n. 侦探△Sherlock Holmes n. 夏洛克•福尔摩斯mountainous adj. 多山的；山一般的whisper n. 耳语；低语vt. & vi. 低语；小声说vast adj. 巨大的；辽阔的△rhythm n. 节奏mess n. 脏或乱的状态react vi. 作出反应；回应porridge n. 粥；麦片粥drunk adj. 醉的Unit 4statement n. 陈述；说明greet vi. & vt. 迎接；问候represent vt. 代表；象征association n. 社团；联系；联想dormitory n. 宿舍canteen n. 食堂flight n. 飞行；航班curious adj. 好奇的curiously adv. 好奇地△Garcia 加西亚（姓）Colombia n. 哥伦比亚（南美洲国家）approach vt. & vi. 接近；靠近；走近n. 接近；方法；途径cheek n. 面颊defend vt. 保护；保卫defend against 保卫……以免受defence n. 防御；保卫major adj. 主要的misunderstand vt. (misunderstood,misunderstood)误解，误会misunderstanding n. 误解；误会△Akira Nagata 永田明△Ahmed Aziz 艾哈迈德•阿齐兹Jordan n. 约旦（西亚国家）△Darlene Coulon 达琳•库隆dash vi. 猛冲；突进adult n. 成人；成年人adj. 成人的；成熟的△simply adv. 简单地；只△Muslim n. & adj. 穆斯林（的）；伊斯兰教信徒（的）spoken adj. 口语的unspoken adj. 未说出口的；非口语的△posture n. 姿态；体态Spain n. 西班牙（欧洲国家）Italy n. 意大利（欧洲国家）likely adj. 可能的be likely to 很可能……；有希望……in general 总的来说；通常crossroads n. 十字路口△employee n. 雇员△frown vi. 皱眉；蹙额△misread vt. （misread /misread）读错；误解facial adj. 面部的function n. 作用；功能；职能vi. 起作用；运转ease n. 安逸；舒适vt. 减轻（痛苦；忧虑）at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在truly adv. 真实地；真诚地；真正地false adj. 错误的；假的anger n. 怒气；怒火lose face 丢脸turn one’s back to 背对；背弃fist n. 拳头yawn vi. 打呵欠△respectful adj. 恭敬的subjective adj. 主观的hug vi. & vt. 拥抱rank n. 等级；军衔cassette n. 磁带Unit 5 theme n. 题目；主题（曲）△Camelot Park 卡默洛特公园（位于英国）central adj. 中心的；中央的△Central Park 中央公园（位于美国纽约）△Dollywood n. 多莱坞（公园名，位于美国）various adj. 不同的；各种各样的cartoon n. 漫画；动画片be famous for 以……而闻名△roller coaster n. 过山车whichever pron. 无论哪一个；任何一个△pirate n. 海盗；盗版△fairy tale 神话故事；童话fantasy n. 幻想；怪念头amusement n. 消遣；娱乐（活动）swing n. 秋千；摇摆vt. & vi. (swung, swung) 摇摆；摆动attraction n. 有吸引力的事物；吸引no wonder 难怪；不足为奇tourism n. 旅游业wherever pron. 无论在什么地方；各处unique adj. 独一无二的；仅有的carpenter n. 木匠△craftsman n. 匠人；能工巧匠engine n. 引擎；发动机△bald adj. 秃头的preserve vt. 保存；保留n. 保护区length n. 长度；长deed n. 行动；事迹△knight n. 骑士；爵士be modeled after 根据……模仿；仿造△Merlin the Wizard 魔术师梅林sword n. 剑△joust vi. （指中世纪骑士）骑着马用长予打斗tournament n. 锦标赛；联赛settler n. 移民；殖民者athletic adj. 运动的translator n. 译员；翻译minority n. 少数；少数民族cloth n. 布△Futuroscope n. 观测未来（公园名，位于法国）jungle n. 丛林△diver n. 潜水员creature n. 生物；动物sunlight n. 阳光△T-Rex n. (=Tyrannosaurus Rex)霸王龙advance vt. & vi. 前进；促进；提前in advance 提前advanced adj.高级的；先进的brand n. 商标；牌子get close to 接近come to life 活跃起来outing n. 外出；短途旅行；远足admission n. 允许进入；入场费；承认shuttle n. 往返汽车；航天飞机freeway n. 高速公路souvenir n. 纪念品sneaker n. 运动鞋brochure n. （作宣传或介绍用的）小册子；指南必修5Unit 1characteristic n. 特征；特性radium n. 镭painter n. 画家；油漆匠put forward 提出scientific adj. 科学的conclude vt. & vi. 结束；推断出conclusion n. 结论；结束draw a conclusion 提出结论analyse vt. 分析△infect vt. 传染；感染△infections adj. 传染的△cholera n. 霍乱defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫n. 失败expert adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n. 专家；行家attend vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加physician n. 医生；内科医师expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光expose…to 使显露；暴露△deadly adj. 致命的cure n. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗△outbreak n. 爆发；发作（尤指疾病或战争）challenge n. 挑战vt. 向……挑战victim n. 受害者absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心suspect vt. 怀疑n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯enquiry n. 询问neighbourhood n. 附近；邻近severe adj. 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的△clue adj. 线索；提示pump n. 泵；抽水机vt. （用泵）抽（水）△Cambridge 剑桥大街foresee vt. 预见；预知△investigate vt. & vi. 调查△investigation n. 调查blame vt. 责备；谴责n. 过失；责备pollute vt. 污染；弄脏handle n. 柄；把手vt. 处理；操纵△germ n. 微生物；细菌link vt. & n. 连接；联系link…to…将……和……联系或连接起来announce vt. 宣布；通知△certainty n. 确信；确实instruct vt. 命令；指示；教导△responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的construct vt. 建设；修建construction n. 建设；建筑物contribute vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助apart from 除……之外；此外firework n. 烟火（燃放）chart n. 图表△creative adj. 有创造力的；创造性的；独创的△co-operative adj. 合作的positive adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的（be）strict with…对……严格的△Nicolaus Copernicus 尼古拉?哥白尼（波兰天文学家）△revolutionary adj. 革命的；重大变革的movement n. 移动；运动；动作make sense 讲得通；有意义backward adv. & adj. 向后地（的）；相反地（的）；退步地（的）△loop n. 圈；环△privately adv. 私下地；秘密地spin vi. & vt. (使)旋转；纺（线或纱）△brightness n. 明亮；亮度；聪颖enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的cautious adj. 小心的；谨慎的reject vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃universe n. 宇宙；世界Unit 2unite vi. & vt. 联合；团结kingdom n. 王国consist vi. 组成；在于；一致consist of 由……组成△London Heathrow Airport伦敦希思罗机场province n. 省；行政区△River Avon 埃文河△River Thames 泰晤士河△River Severn 塞文河divide…into 把……分成△Wales 威尔士（英）△Scotland 苏格兰（英）△Northern Ireland 北爱尔兰（英）clarify vt. 澄清；阐明accomplish vt. 完成；达到；实现conflict n. 矛盾；冲突unwilling adj. 不愿意（的）；不乐意（的）break away (from) 挣脱（束缚）；脱离union n. 联合；联盟；结合；协会△the Union Jack 英国国旗credit n. 信任；学分；赞扬；信贷to one’s credit 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下currency n. 货币；通货institution n. 制度；机制；公共机构△educational adj. 教育的convenience n. 便利；方便rough adj. 粗糙的；粗暴的roughly adv. 粗略地；粗糙地△Midlands 英格兰中部地区（英）nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的attract vt. 吸引；引起注意△historical adj. 历史（上）的；有关历史的architecture n. 建筑学；建筑艺术△Roman n. (古)罗马人adj. （古）罗马的collection n. 收藏品；珍藏；收集administration n. 管理；行政部门port n. 港口（城市）△Anglo-Saxonn. 盎格鲁-撒克逊人adj. 盎格鲁-撒克逊人的△Norman n. 诺曼人；诺曼语adj. 诺曼的；诺曼人（语）的△Viking n. 北欧海盗；斯堪的纳维亚人countryside n. 乡下；农村enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的；使人高兴的leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑△opportunity n. 机会；时机description n. 描写；描述fax n. 传真（机）vt. 用传真传输（文件）possibility n. 可能（性）plus prep. 加上；和adj. 加的；正的；零上的quarrel n. 争吵；争论；吵架vi. 争吵；吵架alike adj. 相同的；类似的take the place of 代替break down (机器)损坏；破坏arrange vt. 筹备；安排；整理wedding n. 婚礼fold vt. 折叠；对折sightseeing n. 观光；游览delight n. 快乐；高兴；喜悦vt. 使高兴；使欣喜royal adj. 王室的；皇家的；高贵的uniform n. 制服△St Paul’s Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂splendid adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的△Westminster Abbey威斯敏斯特教堂（英国名人墓地）statue n. 塑像；雕像△Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫△Greenwich n. 格林尼治（英城市）△longitude n. 经线；经度△imaginary adj. 想象中的；假想的；虚构的△navigation n. 导航；航行△Highgate Cemetery 海格特墓地（英伦敦北郊，内有马克思及其家人的坟墓）communism n. 共产主义△original adj. 最初的；原始的；独创的；新颖的thrill vt. 使激动；使胆战心惊pot n. 罐；壶error n. 错误；过失；谬误tense n. 时态consistent adj. 一致的Unit 3aspect n. 方面；层面impression n. 印象；感想；印记take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续constant adj. 时常发生的；连续不断的constantly adv. 不断地jet n. 喷气式飞机△jet lag 飞行时差反应△flashback n. 闪回；倒叙previous adj. 在前的；早先的uncertain adj. 不确切的；无把握的guide n. 指导；向导；导游vt. 指引；指导tablet n. 药片△expertise n. 专家意见；专门知识（技能等）capsule n. 太空舱；胶囊steward n. 乘务员；服务员stewardess n. 女乘务员opening n. （出入的）通路；开口；开端sideways adv. 往（向、从）一侧；侧着；侧面朝前surrounding n. 周围的事物；环境adj. 周围的tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受△combination n. 结合；组合lack vi. & vt. 缺乏；没有n. 缺乏；短缺的东西adjustment n. 调整；调节mask n. 面具；面罩；伪装be back on one’s feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原△hover vi. 盘旋carriage n. 运输工具；四轮马车；客车press vi. & vt. 按；压；逼迫n. 按；压；印刷；新闻fasten vt. 系牢；扎牢belt n. 腰带；皮带safety belt 安全带lose sight of…看不见……sweep up 打扫；横扫flash vt. & vi. （使）闪光；（使）闪现switch n. 开关；转换vt. 转换timetable n. 时间表；时刻表△exhausted adj. 筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的slide into （快捷而悄声地）移动；溜进……optimistic adj. 乐观（主义）的△pessimistic adj. 悲观（主义）的speed up 加速△pedal n. 踏板；脚蹬△alien n. 外星人；外国人adj. 陌生的；外国的；外星球的mud n. 泥（浆）desert n. 沙漠；荒原△enormous adj. 巨大的；庞大的△imitate vt. 模仿；仿造△moveable adj. 可移动的；活动的citizen n. 公民；居民；市民typist n. 打字员typewriter n. 打字机postage n. 邮资postcode n. 邮政编码button n. 钮锃；按钮instant n. 瞬间；片刻adj. 立即的；立刻的receiver n. 接受者；接收器；电话听筒△efficiency n. 效率；功效△efficient adj. 效率高的；有能力的△ribbon n. 丝带；带状物dustbin n. 垃圾箱△dispose vt. 布置；安排△disposal n. 清除；处理ecology n. 生态；生态学greedy adj. 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的swallow vt. 吞下；咽下material n. 原料；材料recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用△manufacture vt.(用机器)大量生产；成批制造goods n. 货物△etc abbr. 诸如此类；等等representative n. 代表；典型人物adj. 典型的；有代表性的settlement n. 定居；解决motivation n. 动机Unit 4journalist n. 记者；新闻工作者△involve vt. 牵涉；涉及；包括；使参与（卷入）……editor n. 编辑photograph n. 照片vt. 给……照相photographer n. 摄影师△photography n. 摄影△unforgettable abj. 难忘的；永远记得的△assignment n. 任务；分配delighted adj 快乐的；欣喜的admirable adj. 值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的unusual adj. 不同寻常的；独特的assist vt. 帮助；协助；援助assistant n. 助手；助理；售货员submit vt. 递交；呈递（文件等）profession n. 职业；专业professional adj. 专业的；职业的n. 专业人员colleague n. 同事eager adj. 渴望的；热切的concentrate vt. 集中；聚集concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于amateur n. 业余爱好者update vt. 更新；使现代化acquire vt. 获得；取得；学到assess vt. 评估；评定inform vt. 告知；通知deadline n. 最后期限△interviewee n. 参加面试者；接受采访者meanwhile adv. 其间；同时depend on 依靠；依赖case n. 情况；病例；案例accuse vt. 指责；谴责；控告accuse…of 因……指责或控告……△accusation n. 指责；谴责；控告deliberately adv. 故意地so as to (do sth) 为了（做）……△deny vt. 否认；拒绝sceptical adj. 怀疑的（<美>skeptical）guilty adj. 犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的dilemma n. （进退两难的）困境；窘境demand n. 需求；要求vt. 强烈要求△demanding adj. 要求很高的；费力的publish vt. 出版；发行；发表；公布△scoop n. 抢先获得的新闻、利润等；。

第一部分应用文写作[浙江卷三年考情分析]年份写作类型信息提示体裁话题题材内容词数要求2019年6月提纲类半开放汉语提示感谢信学校生活对Alex的帮助表示感谢80字左右2018年11月提纲类半开放汉语提示求助信社会生活向航空公司求助寻找丢失的钱包80字左右2018年6月提纲类半开放汉语提示申请信个人经历申请做一名志愿者80字左右2017年11月提纲类半开放汉语提示邀请信社会生活邀请MrHall到家过春节80字左右2017年6月提纲类半开放汉语提示邀请信旅游邀请Chris一块郊游80字左右2016年10月提纲类半开放汉语提示电子邮件学校生活交换生咨询80字左右命题者说1.考纲要求根据《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明(高考综合改革试验省份试用)(第一版)》，应用文写作要求考生能有效运用所学语言知识和语法知识，使用一定的词汇和句型，清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思。

2.命题形式高考英语书面表达的应用文写作的命题形式主要有提纲式、图表式、图画式等。

3.文体特点高考应用文写作的主要表达形式包括日记、书信、电子邮件、书面或口头通知、发言稿、网络发贴等。

从提供的命题场景看，很多是“涉外”或应用英语的环境，如申请参加国际夏令营、邀请外教参加活动、帮助迷路的外宾、请美国朋友看中国的越剧、课外学习英语的经验、对现行英语教材的看法、对英语教学的建议等。

4.话题特点纵观近几年的高考英语应用文写作试题不难看出，应用文写作试题引导考生观察生活，关注社会。

写作话题真实，主要是日常生活中考生比较关注和常见的事件或现象，情景实用程度高，使考生有内容可写。

每一份试卷中的话题都符合考生的认知水平，与考生的日常生活经历息息相关，符合考生的年龄特点和认知能力，即以考生的视角去观察生活、书写感悟。

此外，试题所涉及的话题也会贴近社会生活，富有时代气息，能唤起考生强烈的主人翁意识和责任感。

5.命题走向总结近三年高考命题的特点及规律，可以预测今后应用文写作的命题走向：(1)题材预测归纳起来，考查频率较高的应用文写作话题有以下几类：◆与中学生生活密切相关的活动，主要是课外活动、度假等；◆中学生所熟知的一般外事活动，主要涉及外教、外国笔友、外国留学生、外国访客等；◆就中学生所熟知的一般社会现象或社会焦点问题发表看法，如家务事、英语学习、生态文明等，多与讴歌积极向上、弘扬正能量等内容相关。

2020年精编人教版英语资料Section ⅠWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Pre-readingWilliam Shakespeare (1564～1616) is one of the most remarkable playwrights and poets the world has ever known. With his 38 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems,he has established his giant position in world literature. He has also been giventhe highest praises by various scholars and critics the world over. In the past400 years or so, books and essays on Shakespeare and his works have kept comingout in large quantities.Shakespeare went to London which afforded a wonderful environment for thedevelopment of drama.From about 1591 to about 1611, Shakespeare was in the prime of his dramaticcareer and his plays came out one after another. Shakespeare did not confine hisgenius merely to the theater. In 1593 and 1594, he published two narrative poems(叙事诗). He also wrote sonnets, which were published in 1609. By 1597, Shakespeare was so prosperous that he bought the largest house in Stratford, known as New P lace. About 1610 Shakespeare left London and retired to Stratford. He died on April23,1616.Generally his dramatic career is divided into four periods.The first period was one of apprenticeship. He wrote five history plays：Henry Ⅵ，Parts Ⅰ，Ⅱ　and Ⅲ，RichardⅢ， and Titus Andronicus; and four comedies: The comedy of Errors, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, The Taming of the Shrew, and Love’s Labour’s Lost.In the second period, Shakespeare’s style and approach became highly individualized. In this period he wrote five histories: RichardⅡ，King John, HenryⅣ， Part s Ⅰ　and Ⅱ， and Henry V; six comedies: A MidsummerNight’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, Much Ado About Nothing, As You Like It, Twelfth Night, and The Merry Wives of Windsor; and Two tragedies: Romeo and Juliet and Julius Caesar.Shakespeare’s third perio d includes his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark comedies. The tragedies of this period are Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Antony and Cleopatra, Troilus and Cressida, and Coriolanus. The two comedies are All’s Well That Ends Well and Measure for Measure.The last period of Shakespeare’s work includes his principle romantic tragicomedies: Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest; and his two final plays: HenryⅦ and The Two Noble Kinsmen.True (T) or False (F)1．Shakespeare wrote only 38 plays and two long poems in his life.( ) 2．Romeo and Juliet is a famous comedy as well as All’s Well That EndsWell.( ) 3．The Merchant of Venice is one of Shakespeare’s works written in the second period.( )答案：1.F 2.F 3.TⅠ.高频单词点击1．respectful (adj.)恭敬的；尊重人的→disrespectful(adj.)无礼的；失礼的→respect (v.)尊敬；尊重2．shorten (v.)缩短；使变短→short (adj.)短的；矮的3．modernize (v.)使现代化→modern (adj.)现代的→modernization (n.)现代化4．burden (n.)担子；负担5．responsibility (n.)责任；职责→responsible(adj.)有责任的；负责任的→responsibly(adv.)负责任地6．boundary (n.)分界；分界线7．allocate (vt.)分派；分配8．whichever (pron.)无论哪一个→which (pron.)哪一个9．adore (vt.)崇拜；爱慕；喜爱10．pray (vt.)祈祷；恳求；请 (n.)请求11．distribute (vt.)分发；分配→distribution (n.)分布；分配→distributive (adj.)分配的12．contradict (vt.)同……矛盾或抵触；反驳→contradiction (n.)矛盾→contradictory (adj.)矛盾的；完全相反的13．forecast (vt.)预测；预报14．oppose (vt.)反对；反抗→opposite (adj.)反对的；对面的→opposition (n.)反对；对立15．corrupt (adj.)腐败的；贪污的；堕落的16．greed (n.)贪婪→greedy (adj.)贪婪的17．innocent (adj.)清白的；天真的→innocence (n.)天真；单纯→innocently (adv.)无罪地；无邪地Ⅱ.重点短语必记1．hand over 移交(权利、责任)2．care for 关怀；照顾；计较3．hear ... out 听完4．on behalf of 代表5．beyond question 无可争辩；毫无疑问6．speak out 大胆地说；大声说7．pack up 把……打包；整理8．give away 送掉；泄露9．be fond of 喜爱；爱好Ⅲ.常用句型必备1．See, here is a map of my kingdom with_all_the_boundaries_drawn_on_it.2．For whichever of you has for me the most devotion I will give to her thebest part of everything I own.3．If you have_not_passed beyond my frontiers within five days, I will haveyou killed.Ⅳ.课文大意理解1．Cordelia said nothing to delight the King Lear because she ________.A．hated himB．didn’t want to flatter himC．didn’t want anything from himD．didn’t love him at all2．Which statement is NOT true according to the text?A．The King was annoyed with Cordelia.B．Cordelia got nothing from her father.C．The King firmly believed what his daughters said.D．All the three daughters have got what they wanted.3．What do you think of the King Lear?A．Wise.B．Humorous.C．Foolish.D．Greedy.4．Goneril and Regan say they love their father because they________.A．love their father deeplyB．want to delight their fatherC．want to know how much their father love themD．want to get his kingdom答案：1～4 BDCDⅤ.课文缩写填空The King Lear, has three daughters. 1.As he is becoming old and can’t take the burden of government, he wants to hand over the 2.responsibility (responsible)to his daughters. One day, he decides to distribute his kingdom 3.among them and give the best part to 4.whichever of them loves him most. 5.However,_in the end,he believes the older daughters’ flattery and thinks his 6.youngest (young)daughter opposes him. As a result, he gives away his kingdom to the 7.greedy (greed) daughters, only 8.keeping (keep) a troop of 100 loyal soldiers for himself.9.While the youngest daughter is innocent and her love of her father is also beyond question, she 10.gets (get) nothing.。

Unit 10Money需写准记牢的单词——记其形、明其义1．technique n．技术，技巧2．fluently adv. 流利地3．defeat vt. 战胜，击败4．earn vt. 挣得，赚得5．wallet n. 皮夹子，钱包6．enjoyable adj. 使人快乐的7．hardworking adj. 勤奋的8．businessman n. 商人，实业家9．rude adj. 粗鲁的，无礼的10．balance n. 平衡11．remove vt. 移开，挪走12．behave vi. 举止，表现需举一反三的单词——知其性、通其变1．motivate vt.使有动机，促使，激发→motivation n．动力，诱因→motivated adj.有动机的，有积极性的2．achievement n．成就，完成→achieve vt.达到；完成3．variety n．多样化，多样性→various adj.各种各样的→vary v．相异，不同；变化，变更4．determine vt.确定，决定→determined adj.坚决的，有决心的→determination n．决心，果断5．concern vt.使忧虑；与……相关→concerned adj.担心的，涉及的→concerning prep.关于6．pleased adj.高兴的，满意的→please vt.使满意，使高兴→pleasing adj.令人高兴的；令人满意的→pleasure n．令人高兴的事7．aware adj.知道的，意识到的→awareness n．知道，认识，了解8．product n．产品；出品→produce vt.生产→production n．生产；成果；作品9．enthusiastic adj.很感兴趣的，热情的→enthusiasm n．热情；热忱；兴奋10．ashamed adj.羞耻的，惭愧的→shame v．使感到羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的11．amusement n．乐趣，娱乐活动→amuse vt.逗乐；逗笑；娱乐；消遣→amusing adj.有趣的，逗乐的→amused adj.愉快的，开心的；好玩的12．puzzle vt.使困惑n．谜，疑问→puzzled adj.困惑的→puzzling adj.使迷惑的13．advance vi.前进；取得进展→advanced adj.先进的，高级的14．practical adj.实用的；实践的→practice n．实践；练习；惯例，习俗15．electric adj.与电有关的，用电的→electricity n．电；电流；电学；电力供应→electrical adj.电的；用电的；发电的需会读明义的单词——识其形、知其义1．dormitory n．寝室，宿舍2．drunk adj. (酒)醉的3．journalist n. 新闻工作者，记者4．greedy adj. 贪婪的，贪心的5．cigarette n. 香烟6．bargain n．& vi. 讨价还价；便宜货7．cash n. 现金，现款8．necklace n. 项链，项圈9．firm adj. 坚定的；稳固的10．aggressive adj. 好斗的；有进取心的11．groceries n. 食品杂货12．annoy vt. 使烦恼，打搅13．comment vi.& vt. 评论14．appeal vi. 吸引；引起兴趣；呼吁，恳求15．approximately adv. 近似地，大约地16．soil n. 泥土，土壤17．contain vt. 包含，含有18．crop n. 农作物，庄稼19．homeland n. 家乡；祖国20．motherland n. 祖国；家乡21．signal n. 信号，暗号22．freedom n. 自由23．photography n. 摄影术，摄影24．automatic adj. 自动的25．flash n. 闪光灯；闪光，闪烁26．cleaner n. 清洁器；清洁工人27．refrigerator n. (电)冰箱28．incredibly adv. 难以置信地1．put_off推迟2．at_present/for_the_moment 目前，现在3．out_of_work 失业4．dream_up 虚构出，凭空想出5．be_concerned_about 对……关心，挂念6．turn_one's_back_on 不理睬，拒绝7．be_tired_of 厌倦8．give_away 赠送；泄露(秘密) 9．drop_out_(of) 退出，退学10．take_turns 轮流11．appeal_to 吸引；呼吁；恳求12．to_be_exact 确切地说13．make/earn_a_living 谋生14．what's_more 而且，此外15．think_twice_about 三思而行16．be_associated_with 与……相联系1．[教材原句]There are certainly no signs that_Charles_was_a_rich_man!当然没有任何迹象表明查尔斯曾是一个富翁！[句式解读] that引导同位语从句。

Unit 22Environmental Protection需写准记牢的单词——记其形、明其义1．reserve n．保护区2．principle n. 原则，道德准则3．beyond prep. 超出4．advocate vt. 主张，提倡5．recycle vt. 回收利用6．threaten vt. 威胁7．seize vt. 依法没收；(用武力)夺取8．behalf n. 代表9．means n. 方法10．dust n. 尘土，灰尘11．adopt vt. 采用需举一反三的单词——知其性、通其变1．extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的→extinction n．灭绝，绝种2．fashionable adj.流行的，时髦的→fashion n．流行，时尚3．separation n．分离，分开→separate adj.分开的v.分离，分开4．construct vt.建造→construction n．建造5．considerate adj.想得周到的，体贴的→consider vt.考虑→consideration n．考虑需会读明义的单词——识其形、知其义1．endanger vt.危害2．trap vt. 使困住3．ecology n. 生态4．botanical adj. 植物的5．corrupt adj. 贪污受贿的，腐败的6．conservation n. 保护7．consensus n. 一致的意见8．claim vt. 声称9．relevant adj. 有关的10．agriculture n. 农业11．coincidence n. 巧合12．condemn vt. 迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地13．sacrifice vt.&vi. 牺牲；献出14．substitute n. 代替品，代用品15．mainland n. 大陆16．grand adj. 巨大的17．changeable adj. 多变的18．rough adj. 艰难的19．offshore adj. 在近海岸的20．catastrophe n. 巨大的灾难21．mountainous adj. 多山的22．howl vi. 咆哮，怒吼23．potential n. 可能性，潜在性24．negative adj. 消极的，负面的25．finance n. 资金26．allocate vt. 分配，配给27．politics n. 政治(活动)28．fragile adj. 易毁的；脆弱的29．sharpen vt. 削尖30．valid adj. 有充分理由的31．evolution n. (生物)进化32．calculate vt. 计算，算出1．beyond_one's_control超出/不受……的控制2．look_ahead 展望未来3．in_turn 依次；轮流4．lead_to 引起，导致5．take_action 采取行动6．ahead_of 在……前面7．apart_from 除……以外8．answer_for (对已产生的不良后果)负责任9．or_else 否则，不然10．carry_off 掠去，夺走11．all_in_all 总的来说12．result_in 导致1．[教材原句]Without these naturally occurring gases, the sun's rays would_bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on.如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳光将会被反射回太空中去，地球将处于寒冷之中，不适合生命的存在。

第三讲　理清文架构——核心抓段落构成——知主题句一、段落的构成英语文章段落结构一般由三部分构成：主题句(topic sentence)，扩展句(development sentence)和结论句(closing sentence/concluding sentence)。

主题句点出段落的主题，扩展句解释说明或论证主题，结论句总结、归纳或概括主题。

1．主题句主题句，就是段落的核心句、纲领句、主旨句、中心思想句，言简意赅，主旨鲜明。

它是段落的灵魂，表达段落的主题，在英语文章段落中居于主导地位，其他句子都要围绕它而展开。

英语文章一般喜欢开宗明义，所以主题句一般位于文章段首，但有时也在段中或段尾。

2．扩展句扩展句就是为主题句起解释说明或论证作用的句子。

扩展句一般长度适中，有一定的条理和逻辑。

扩展句的展开方法多种多样，通常采用的方法有举例说明、描述、定义、比较对照、因果分析、分类等。

3．结论句结论句就是总结句，会重述或总结段落的中心论点，与主题句相呼应。

需要指出的是，英文段落中结论句并不多见，我们通常看到英语的文章段落结构60%一70%都是由“主题句＋扩展句”构成。

[典例]　Why fiction is superior to textbooks lies in their imagination(主题句：以自问自答的方式提出段落主题)．Authors of the fictions always create attractive characters so as to give his opinion about nature and the society as well as life(扩展句1)．It not only provides knowledge，but also teaches us what is the right attitude toward life (扩展句2)．For instance，we can learn from Gone w ith the Wind how to be a strong­willed person；from Jack London，how to love life(扩展句3：基于上述观点，进一步举例说明)．We can be stimulated to overcome all obstacles to realize our ambitions(扩展句4)．So，fictions enable people to form their positive view of life，the spirit of optimism and invincible courage，and provide us with an opportunity to learn and to practice，while textbooks barely can (结论句：归纳总结段落主题)．二、段落主题句的位置在进行阅读理解时，我们要善于找出段落的主题句，这样才能抓住文章段落的中心思想(controlling idea)。

第一部分　解题技法总述对应学生用书P81做完形填空题，最大的禁忌就是急于求成、贸然行动，不置于语篇大环境下凭主观臆断，造成“只见树木，不见森林”的片面性错误。

正确的做法是：先通读全文和选项，对文意和题目有个大致了解，搞清楚主旨大意及思考方向后，再进行第二遍精读和答题。

如何读文，如何做题，怎样才能高效，本讲将给予悉心宏观指导。

[全国卷3年考情分析]卷别体裁题材句内层次题句组层次题语篇层次题卷Ⅰ记叙文乞力马扎罗山的环境污染及治理之后环境的改观1082卷Ⅱ记叙文帮人找回宠物狗10732019卷Ⅲ说明文科技改变生活1172卷Ⅰ记叙文作者对自己大学时学习国际象棋的感悟1082卷Ⅱ记叙文作者救人碰巧营救了自己儿子的故事11722018卷Ⅲ记叙文一条错发的手机短信引发的善与美的故事983卷Ⅰ记叙文作者学习美式手语的经历1073卷Ⅱ记叙文作者介绍学生情况和自己的收获9922017卷Ⅲ记叙文一位男士免费赠送机票的故事10731．解题流程2．答题技巧(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They____41____with them lots of waste. The____42____might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the____43____of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, I'm____44____about the place －other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon____45____ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of____46____among tons of rubbish. I find a____47____mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are____48____but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be____49____.The best of a Kilimanjaro____50____，in my opinion, isn't reaching the top. Mountains are____51____as spiritual places by many cultures. This____52____is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as____53____go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters，____54____lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather____55____－low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I____56____twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland____57____：gravel(砾石), stones and rocks.____58____you climb into an arctic­like zone with____59____snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro____60____its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.41．A.keep B．mixC．connect D．bring42．A.stories B．buildingsC．crowds D．reporters43．A.position B．ageC．face D．name44．A.silent B．skepticalC．serious D．crazy45．A.discover B．argueC．decide D．advocate46．A.equipment B．grassC．camps D．stones47．A.remote B．quietC．tall D．clean48．A.new B．specialC．significant D．necessary49．A.paying off B．spreading outC．blowing up D．fading away50．A.atmosphere B．experienceC．experiment D．sight51．A.studied B．observedC．explored D．regarded52．A.view B．qualityC．reason D．purpose53．A.scientists B．climbersC．locals D．officials54．A.holding on to B．going back toC．living up to D．giving way to55．A.changes B．clearsC．improves D．permits56．A.match B．imagineC．count D．add57．A.village B．desert C．road D．lake 58．A.Obviously B．Easily C．Consequently D．Finally 59．A.permanent B．little C．fresh D．artificial 60．A.enjoy B．deserve C．save D．acquire。

第二部分读后续写[浙江卷三年考情分析]1.考纲要求提供一段350词以内的语言材料，要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语和所标示的关键词进行续写(150词左右)，将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。

读后续写或概要写作，两种形式在不同考次不定期交换使用。

2.考查特点读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的考查形式，旨在考查学生的综合语言运用能力。

与应用文不同，故事续写除了要求学生掌握丰富的词汇和句式外，还注重学生的内容构思和情节衔接的能力。

主要聚焦在以下四个方面：3.选材特点(1)所需阅读的短文词数在350以内；(2)多以记叙文、故事类文章或者夹叙夹议类的文章为主，故事情节曲折、跌宕、起伏，但是，故事线索的逻辑性比较强。

4.续写特点简言之，读后续写就是阅读完一篇还未写完的文章之后，根据要求和提示把这篇文章未写完的部分补充完全，使之浑然一体。

它一方面能很好地考查考生对所学语言知识的实际运用能力，另一方面，它也培养学生的发散思维能力。

根据《考试说明》该部分的规定，考生在续写文章时，要注意续写部分“与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度”，“内容的丰富性和对所标出关键词语的应用情况”，“应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性”以及“上下文的连贯性”。

5.命题趋势自2016年10月浙江省启用新题型以来至2018年11月高考，连续四次考查读后续写，这足以看出读后续写的重要性。

但2017年11月的高考读后续写与前两次的不一样，出现了标题，内容也不是有关遇险的。

因此，今后读后续写的文章形式及内容会更加丰富，也会给考生留下更大的发挥空间，只要掌握读后续写的命题规律和写作方法，并具备一定的阅读和写作能力，该题型就会迎刃而解。

(2018·浙江卷6月)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

It was summer，and my dad wanted to treat us to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.We took a plane to Albuquerque，a big city in the state of New Mexico. We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle_Paul，my dad's friend，picked us up from the airport and drove us to his farm in Pecos.His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm_house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast，“The day starts at dawn on my farm，”he said, After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens，while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze(吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride，and he said yes，as long as my dad went with me. I wasn't going to take a horse ride by myself anyway. So，my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats，got on our horses，and headed slowly towards the mountain.“Don't be late for supper，”Uncle Paul cried，“and keep to the track so that you don't get_lost！”“OK！”My dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm were out of sight.It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks，the deep green pine trees，and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven(编织的)blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好；4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Theme A Learning to LearnWhat’学生在开始学习Theme A时，阅读Guiding Page，思考并回答问题，以了解学习任务，为整个主题的学习做好一定的准备。

具体要求如下：1）了解Theme A的学习内容是基于“人与自我”之“生活与学习”这一主题语境，引导学生思考学会学习的重要性；2）了解Unit 1, Unit 2和Challenging Yourself A的主要内容以及相互关系，即在完成前两个单元的学习后，通过完成Challenging Yourself A，对前两个单元所学内容和学习策略进行归纳总结并积极加以应用；3）积极思考并回答Guiding Page中的问题；4）根据图片初步预测即将学习的内容，激活相关背景知识；5）结合主题，思考自己的学习现状并预估本主题学习中的重难点。

Unit 1 Learning Strategies and Habits 一、教学目标和要求Teaching Objectives and Demands二、教学活动与教学建议Teaching Activities and SuggestionsTheme SentenceAnyone who fails to realise the importance of improving the learning strategies will have great difficulty in learning. (任何一个人，如果没有意识到学习策略的重要性，在学习中都会遇到很大的困难。

）这句主题句揭示了在学习中了解和运用学习策略的重要性，教师可用此句引出本单元话题或围绕此句展开学习后的讨论。

此外，可鼓励学生查阅积累类似句子，主动拓展本单元的学习内容和学习方式。

Looking Ahead该部分基于阅读、词汇、语法、听说、写作和拓展阅读等板块提出了本单元的总体教学目标，为形成性评价和终结性评价提供了方向。

Unit 2　Poems阅读单词1.tick v t. 给……标记号　2．emotion n. 情感；情绪；感情　3．concrete adj. 具体的　4．diamond n. 钻石；菱形　5．pattern n. 模式；式样；图案　6.branch n． 枝条；支流；部门　7.section n. 部分；节；切下的块　8．diploma n. 毕业文凭；学位证书　9．sponsor n. 赞助人；主办者；倡议者　v t. 发起；举办；倡议　10．blank n. 空白　adj. 空白的；茫然的　11．compass n. 指南针；罗盘；(复数)圆规　写作单词1.　tease　v i.& v t. 取笑；招惹；戏弄2．　forever　ad v. 永远3．　flexible　adj. 灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的4．　branch　n. 枝条；支流；部门5．　exchange　n. 交换；交流；互换v t.& v i. 调换；交换6．　eventually　ad v. 最后；终于7．　load　n. 负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)8．　convey　v t. 传达；运送9．　tick　v t. 给……标记号10．　section　n. 部分；节；切下的块11．　darkness　n. 黑暗12．　warmth　n. 暖和；温暖13．　pianist　n. 钢琴家[语境活用]1．They said it was such a beautiful day that they would remember it forever　(永远)．2．I was constantly teased　(取笑)for being heavier than the other kids，leaving me feeling shy and sad.3．A well­chosen mouse is really handy，　flexible　(灵活的)and convenient in controlling the screen.4．We often exchanged　(交换)learning experience，so I know clearly why he was able to achieve such a success.5．In my opinion，if you are devoted to your study，you will not feel like smoking eventually　(最后).6．The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load　(负担)of parents has received little attention，especially from their own children.7．That night，he completed the first section　(部分)of his poem.拓展单词1.salty adj.含盐的；咸的→　salt　n．盐；食盐2．endless adj.无穷的；无止境的→　end　n．& v．终止；结束→ending n．结尾；结局3．translation n．翻译；译文→translate v．翻译→　translator　n．译员；翻译家4．rhyme n．韵；押韵；押韵的词v i.& v t.使(押韵)→　rhythmic　adj.有节奏的；有规律的5．transform v i.& v t.转化；转换；改造；变换→　transformation　n．转化；转换；变换6．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；懊悔→　sorrowful　adj. 悲伤的；悲痛的7．librarian n．图书馆馆长；图书馆管理员→　library　n．图书馆8．appropriate adj.适当的；正当的→appropriateness n．适当；适合→　appropriately　ad v.适当地；合适地9．championship n．冠军称号→　champion　n．冠军10．scholarship n．奖学金；学问；学术成就→　scholar　n．学者[语境活用]1．Patients with heart failure are told to follow strict diets because salty　(salt) foods worsen the condition.2．Kids seem to spend endless (end)hours on smartphones，computers and tablets these days.3．Most of his spare time was devoted to the translation (translate)of those works.4．Nixon's visit led to a transformation (transform)of American attitudes towards China.5．He works as a librarian (library) in a local library.6．She looked at him with sorrowful (sorrow)eyes.第一组短语识记1.　stay up 熬夜2．　be popular with　受……欢迎3．　in particular　尤其；特别4．　take it easy　轻松；不紧张；从容5．　hold on　坚持；忍受语境活用1.I am interested in stories in general，and in detective stories in particular　.2．I often stay up late to play computers so I always feel tired in the day and fall asleep in the class.3．Hiking is an outdoor activity which is popular with lots of people in the world.4．“　Take it easy　”，Jim said to the other boys carrying the table down the stairs.第二组短语识记1.　make_sense 有道理；讲得通2．　try out　测试；试验3．　let out　发出；放走；泄露4．　run out of　用完5．　be made up of　由……构成语境活用Once I wrote a little poem，which 1.　was made up of only 20 Chinese characters.I didn't know whether it 2.　made sense or not.So I showed it to my Chinese teacher.After all，I didn't like to 3.　let it out before it became perfect.Thanks to my teacher，I published it in a newspaper later.填写课本佳句1.There are various reasons why people write poetry.　人们写诗有各种各样的原因。

Unit 4Sharing阅读单词1.fortnight n．两星期2．muddy adj. 泥泞的；泥土般的3．rectangle n. 矩形；长方形4．rectangular adj. 长方形的；矩形的5．broom n. 扫帚6．sniff v. 嗅，闻7.interpreter n．作口译的人8．toast v t. 烤；敬酒n. 烤面包；干杯9．astronaut n. 宇航员10．financial adj. 财务的11．catalogue n. 目录12．trunk n. 树干；躯干写作单词1.textbook n．教科书；课本2．platform n. 台；平台；讲台；(火车站的)月台3．seed n. 种子4．click v. (使)发出咔嗒声n. 咔嗒声5．concept n. 观念；概念6．relevant adj. 有关的；切题的7．otherwise conj. 否则；不然ad v. 用别的方法；另外8．purchase v t.& n. 买；购买9．previlege n. 特权；特别优待10．weekly adj.& ad v. 每周(的)11．remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的12．weed n. 杂草；野草v t.& v i. 除杂草13．economic adj. 经济的；经济学的14．anniversary n. 周年纪念(日)15．sew v i.&v t. 缝；缝制；缝合16．clinic n. 门诊部；小诊所17．roof n. 屋顶[语境活用]1．It's my previlege(特权) to have such an opportunity to live with your family.2．My English teacher asked us to choose a topic，make a weekly( 每周的)plan and tell the class about it.3．Many young people，most of whom were well-educated，headed for remote(遥远的)regions to chase their dreams.4．But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts (概念)they have been taught.5．Sometimes I wonder if my teaching is relevant(有关的) to the future of the students.6．My uncle purchased(购买) a new house near the lake last year.7．The typhoon swept the roofs(屋顶)of many houses，causing great damage to the local people.8．As soon as the new textbooks(教科书)reached the students，they could not wait to read them.拓展单词1.adjust v i.& v t.调整；(使)适合→adjustable adj. 可调整的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应2．participate v i.参与；参加→participation n．参加；参与→participant n．参与者；参加者3．arrangement n．安排；排列；整理→arrange v．安排；排列；整理4．donate v t.捐赠→donation n．捐赠；捐献→donator n．捐赠者5．voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→volunteer n．自(志)愿者v i.自愿做6．political adj.政治的；政党的→politics n．政治7．distribute v t.分配；分发→distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态8．security n．安全；保护；保障→secure v t.使安全adj.安全的9．operate v i.工作；运转v t.操作→operation n．手术；运转；操作→operator n．操作人员[语境活用]1．We'll see how this schedule works，then we'll make adjustments(adjust)if necessary.2．He is an excellent participant(participate)，who never gives up.3．We're trying to come to an arrangement(arrange)about who should pay the legal fees.4．A wealthy sponsor came to our rescue with a generous donation(donate)．5．Many young workers gave up their days off to do voluntary(volunteer)labour.6．A scheme is being brought into operation(operate)to see how these changes will work.第一组短语识记e across偶然遇到2．in need在困难中；在危急中3．get through通过；度过；接通电话4．dry out(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透5．dry up(指河流、井等)干涸语境活用1.I tried calling you several times but I couldn't get through last week.2．In summer，water the plants regularly and never let the soil dry out.3．They are the ones who help you out when you are in need.4．I came across some old photos in the attic yesterday.第二组短语识记1.be dying to极想；渴望2．be relevant to与……有关3．the other day不久前的一天4．participate in参与；参加5．hear_from收到……的信语境活用Dear teacher，I'm Li Ming.I am writing to express my thanks to you.Do you remember that I 1.participated in an English speech competition 2.the other day？The theme 3.was relevant to caring for the elderly，but I was stuck in the speech.I felt very embarrassed then.I 4.was dying to give up when your encouraging smile made me cheer up again.Thank you，my dear teacher.Yours，Li Hua填写课本佳句1.Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students，most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.有时我在想化学和这些学生有何关联，反正8年级之后他们中的大多数会回到他们的村子里(生活)。

Unit 4Earthquakes[话题单词] 1．earthquake n. 地震2．tsunami n. 海啸3．explosion n. 爆炸4．emergency n. 紧急情况5．reaction n. 反应6．crash v. 撞毁7．panic v. 惊慌8．recover v. 复原9．threaten v. 威胁10．unite v. 团结；联合11．attack v. 攻击；袭击12．hit/strike v. 袭击；(灾难)突然发生13．hopeless adj. 无助的14．dramatically ad v. 剧烈地15．suffering n. 痛苦；苦难[话题短语]1．stay calm保持镇静2．rescue work救灾工作3．(a typhoon) hit/strike...袭击某地4．return to normal恢复正常5．an earthquake took place/occurred/happened in some place某处发生地震6．suffer from the natural disaster遭受自然灾害7．overe the difficulty克服困难8．rescue...from拯救9．trapped persons被困人员10．be in ruins成为废墟11．cause great damage/economic losses造成巨大损失/经济损失12．houses collapse/fall down房屋倒塌13．wash away buildings，roads and bridges冲走房屋、道路、桥梁14．call on people to make donations呼吁人们捐赠15．take on a new look呈现新面貌[话题佳句]1．In the past hundred years，there have been frequent natural disasters such as floods，droughts，and earthquakes.在过去的几百年里，经常发生诸如水灾、干旱和地震这样的自然灾害。

第五讲　情态动词和虚拟语气语法项目(一)情态动词 [考纲解读·定方向]情态动词在语法填空中鲜有考查，但在写作中经常用到，对于有些考生来说情态动词是掌握的难点，在写作中经常犯低级错误而造成不应有的失分，因此在二轮备考中应加强对这一部分的学习。

情态动词的基本含义要知晓[实例体验]1．(2018·天津卷)I can't find my purse.I might/could have left it in the supermarket yesterday，but I'm not sure.2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)As a kid，I loved to watch cartoons，but no matter how many times I asked to watch them，my parents would not let me.3．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)You needn't have taken a taxi；it's only five­minute walk to the park.[重点强化]1．情态动词不能单独作谓语，必须和后面的实义动词或be动词一起构成谓语。

写作时，考生常由于低级失误而在情态动词后接动词的过去式、过去分词或现在分词；或者由于受汉语的影响而漏掉情态动词后面的be动词。

2．“情态动词＋have done”的用法(1)must have done“一定做过了某事”，表示对过去事情有把握的推测。

(2)could/can have done“本能做某事(而实际上未做)”，can't/couldn't have done“(过去)不可能做过某事”。

(3)may/might have done“(过去)有可能做过某事”。

(4)should/ought to have done“本该做某事而没做”。

姓名，年级：时间：第二部分题型应对探究段首题空格为主旨句◆［解题攻略]在某段第一句设空的内容通常是该段落主旨句.学生需要通过认真研读该段的内容,然后从选项中查找下文的同义词或其他相关词或句，从而确定答案.有时则需反复读设空处后面一两句或更多内容，确定关键信息词，然后在各个选项中查找关联词和信息句。

一般正确答案选项与所设空后的第一句在意义上是紧密衔接的,因此正确选项和原文的内容是连贯且符合逻辑的。

［典例] （2019·全国卷Ⅱ)37____More than that,how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal？First，you need to evaluate yourself，your values，your strengths，your weaknesses，your achievements，your desires,etc。

Only then should you set your goals。

B．So how should you motivate yourself？D．So why should we try to set specific goals?F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job。

解析：B ［主旨句。

句意：那么，你应该如何激励自己呢？该题中，设空处位于文章段落的开头，可能会是该段的主旨句.设空处后面how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal也是引出该段话题或是对主旨句的进一步说明。

另根据句子结构一致的原则，可找到与此问句结构一致的选项B；So how should you motivate yourself？故选B。

]空格为承上启下句◆[解题攻略]在某段第一句设空的内容也有可能为承上启下的句子，这就需要学生做到瞻前顾后，既熟悉上一段结尾的内容，又结合下一段的内容，分析所选的答案是否能够将两段内容连贯起来.［典例］(2018·全国卷Ⅲ）“I adore dancing，”says Lester Bridges,the owner of a dance studio in Iowa。

姓名，年级：时间：Unit 2English around the world阅读单词1.elevator n．电梯；升降机2．identity n。

本身；本体；身份3．apartment n。

（美)公寓住宅；单元住宅4．cab n。

出租车5。

lightning n．闪电6．subway n．地下人行道；（美)地铁7．conquer vt。

征服；占领8．usage n．使用;用法;词语惯用法9。

block n．街区;块；木块;石块10．enrich vt. 使富裕；充实；改善11．dialect n．方言12．accent n．口音；腔调；重音写作单词1。

official adj。

官方的；正式的;公务的2．native adj。

本国的；本地的n. 本地人；本国人3．base vt。

以……为根据n. 基部；基地;基础4．command n．&vt。

命令；指令;掌握5．request n。

＆vt。

请求；要求6．straight adv. 直接；挺直adj. 直的;笔直的；正直的7．voyage n。

航行；航海8．spelling n。

拼写；拼法9．vocabulary n。

词汇;词汇量；词表［语境活用]1．Everyone knows conversations starting with weather。

speak are not requests (要求)for weather data。

2．Go straight (直接)down the road until you come to the English language school.3．He hated being in the army because he had to obey commands (命令）．4．Both English and French are official (官方的)languages in Canada.5．She was born in Germany and her native （本国的）language is German.6．The voyage （航行）from England to India used to take six months。