结构设计常用专业英语

求建筑设计类专业英语词汇1. Architectural design - 建筑设计2. Blueprint - 蓝图3. Sketch - 素描4. Drafting - 草图5. Floor plan - 平面图6. Elevation - 立面图7. Section - 剖面图8. Construction documents - 建筑施工图纸9. Structural design - 结构设计10. Building materials - 建筑材料11. Foundation - 地基12. Structural beams - 结构梁13. Roofing - 屋顶材料14. Interior design - 室内设计15. Spatial planning - 空间规划16. Lighting design - 照明设计17. Furniture arrangement - 家具布置18. Sustainable design - 可持续设计19. Energy efficiency - 能源效率20. Green building - 绿色建筑21. Urban planning - 城市规划22. Zoning - 分区23. Land use - 土地利用24. Site analysis - 场地分析25. Building codes - 建筑规范26. Accessibility - 无障碍性设计27. Fire safety - 防火安全28. Structural integrity - 结构完整性29. Construction management - 建筑工程管理30. Project timeline - 项目进度表31. Cost estimation - 成本估算32. Quality control - 质量控制33. Building permit - 建筑许可34. Construction site - 建筑工地35. Exterior façade - 建筑外立面36. Sustainability - 可持续性37. Aesthetics - 美学38. Functionality - 功能性39. Material selection - 材料选择40. Building regulations - 建筑法规。

Aacceptable?quality 合格质量acceptance?lot 验收批量aciera 钢材admixture 外加剂against?slip?coefficient?between?friction?surface?of?high-strength?bol ted?connection 高强度螺栓摩擦面抗滑移系数aggregate 骨料air?content 含气量air-dried?timber 气干材allowable?ratio?of?height?to?sectional?thickness?of?masonry?wall?or?co lumn 砌体墙、柱容许高厚比allowable?slenderness?ratio?of?steel?member 钢构件容许长细比allowable?slenderness?ratio?of?timber?compression?member 受压木构件容许长细比allowable?stress?range?of?fatigue 疲劳容许应力幅allowable?ultimate?tensile?strain?of?reinforcement 钢筋拉应变限值allowable?value?of?crack?width 裂缝宽度容许值allowable?value?of?deflection?of?structural?member 构件挠度容许值allowable?value?of?deflection?of?timber?bending?member 受弯木构件挠度容许值allowable?value?of?deformation?of?steel?member 钢构件变形容许值allowable?value?of?deformation?of?structural?member 构件变形容许值allowable?value?of?drift?angle?of?earthquake?resistant?structure 抗震结构层间位移角限值amplified?coefficient?of?eccentricity 偏心距增大系数anchorage 锚具anchorage?length?of?steel?bar 钢筋锚固长度approval?analysis?during?construction?stage 施工阶段验算arch 拱arch?with?tie?rod 拉扞拱arch—shaped?roof?truss 拱形屋架area?of?shear?plane 剪面面积area?of?transformed?section 换算截面面积aseismic?design 建筑抗震设计assembled?monolithic?concrete?structure 装配整体式混凝土结构automatic?welding 自动焊接auxiliary?steel?bar 架立钢筋Bbackfilling?plate 垫板balanced?depth?of?compression?zone 界限受压区高度balanced?eccentricity 界限偏心距bar?splice 钢筋接头bark?pocket 夹皮batten?plate 缀板beam 次梁bearing?plane?of?notch 齿承压面(67)bearing?plate 支承板(52)bearing?stiffener 支承加劲肋(52)bent-up?steel?bar 弯起钢筋(35)block 砌块(43)block?masonry 砌块砌体(44)block?masonry?structure 砌块砌体结构(41)blow?hole 气孔(62)board 板材(65)bolt 螺栓(54)bolted?connection (钢结构)螺栓连接(59)bolted?joint (木结构)螺栓连接(69)bolted?steel?structure 螺栓连接钢结构(50)bonded?prestressed?concrete?structure 有粘结预应力混凝土结构(24)bow 顺弯(71)brake?member 制动构件(7)breadth?of?wall?between?windows 窗间墙宽度(46)brick?masonry 砖砌体(44)brick?masonry?column 砖砌体柱(42)brick?masonry?structure 砖砌体结构(41)brick?masonry?wall 砖砌体墙(42)broad—leaved?wood 阔叶树材(65)building?structural?materials 建筑结构材料(17)building?structural?unit 建筑结构单元(building?structure 建筑结构(2built—up?steel?column 格构式钢柱(51bundled?tube?structure 成束筒结构(3burn—through 烧穿(62butt?connection 对接(59butt?joint 对接(70)butt?weld 对接焊缝(60)Ccalculating?area?of?compression?member 受压构件计算面积(67) calculating?overturning?point 计算倾覆点(46)calculation?of?load-carrying?capacity?of?member 构件承载能力计算(10) camber?of?structural?member 结构构件起拱(22)cantilever?beam? 挑梁(42)cap?of?reinforced?concrete?column 钢筋混凝土柱帽(27)carbonation?of?concrete 混凝土碳化(30)cast-in—situ?concrete?slab?column?structure? 现浇板柱结构cast-in—situ?concrete?structure 现浇混凝土结构(25)cavitation 孔洞(39)cavity?wall 空斗墙(42)cement 水泥(27)cement?content 水泥含量(38)cement?mortar 水泥砂浆(43)characteriseic?value?of?live?load?on?floor?or?roof 楼面、屋面活荷载标准值(14)characteristi?c value?o?fwindload 风荷载标准值(16)characteristic?value?of?concrete?compressive?strength 混凝土轴心抗压强度标准值(30)characteristic?value?of?concrete?tensile?strength 混凝土轴心抗拉标准值(30)characteristic?value?of?cubic?concrete?compressive?strength 混凝土立方体抗压强度标准值(29)characteristic?value?of?earthquake?action 地震作用标准值(16) characteristic?value?of?horizontal?crane?load 吊车水平荷载标准值(15) characteristic?value?of?masonry?strength 砌体强度标准值(44) characteristic?value?of?permanent?action· 永久作用标准值(14) characteristic?value?of?snowload 雪荷载标准值(15)characteristic?value?of?strength?of?steel 钢材强度标准值(55) characteristic?value?of?strength?of?steel?bar 钢筋强度标准值(31) ? characteristic?value?of?uniformly?distributed?live?load 均布活标载标准值(14)characteristic?value?of?variable?action 可变作用标准值(14) characteristic?value?of?vertical?crane?load 吊车竖向荷载标准值(15) charaeteristic?value?of?material?strength 材料强度标准值(18) checking?section?of?log?structural?member·，原木构件计算截面(67) ? chimney 烟囱(3)circular?double—layer?suspended?cable 圆形双层悬索(6)circular?single—layer?suspended?cable 圆形单层悬索(6) circumferential?weld 环形焊缝(60)classfication?for?earthquake—resistance?of?buildings· 建筑结构抗震设防类别(9)clear?height 净高(21)clincher 扒钉(0)coefficient?of?equivalent?bending?moment?of?eccentrically?loaded?steel ?memher(beam-column)? 钢压弯构件等效弯矩系数(58)cold?bend?inspection?of?steelbar 冷弯试验(39)cold?drawn?bar 冷拉钢筋(28)cold?drawn?wire 冷拉钢丝(29)cold—formed?thin—walled?sectionsteel 冷弯薄壁型钢(53)cold-formed?thin-walled?steel?structure·‘ 冷弯薄壁型钢结构(50) cold—rolled?deformed?bar 冷轧带肋钢筋(28)column?bracing 柱间支撑(7)combination?value?of?live?load?on?floor?or?roof 楼面、屋面活荷载组合值(15)compaction 密实度(37)compliance?control 合格控制(23)composite?brick?masonry?member 组合砖砌体构件(42)composite?floor?system 组合楼盖(8)composite?floor?with?profiled?steel?sheet 压型钢板楼板(8)composite?mortar 混合砂浆(43)composite?roof?truss 组合屋架(8)compostle?member 组合构件(8)compound?stirrup 复合箍筋(36)compression?member?with?large?eccentricity· 大偏心受压构件(32) compression?member?with?small?eccentricity· 小偏心受压构件(32) ? compressive?strength?at?an?angle?with?slope?of?grain 斜纹承压强度(66) compressive?strength?perpendicular?to?grain 横纹承压强度(66) concentration?of?plastic?deformation 塑性变形集中(9)conceptual?earthquake—resistant?design 建筑抗震概念设计(9)concrete 混凝土(17)concrete?column 混凝土柱(26)concrete?consistence 混凝土稠度(37)concrete?floded—plate?structure 混凝土折板结构(26)concrete?foundation 混凝土基础(27)concrete?mix?ratio 混凝土配合比(38)concrete?wall 混凝土墙(27)concrete-filled?steel?tubular?member 钢管混凝土构件(8)conifer 针叶树材(65)coniferous?wood 针叶树材(65)connecting?plate 连接板(52)connection 连接(21)connections?of?steel?structure 钢结构连接(59)connections?of?timber?structure 木结构连接(68)consistency?of?mortar 砂浆稠度(48)constant?cross—section?column 等截面柱(7)construction?and?examination?concentrated?load 施工和检修集中荷载(15) continuous?weld 连续焊缝(60)core?area?of?section 截面核芯面积(33)core?tube?supported?structure 核心筒悬挂结构(3)corrosion?of?steel?bar 钢筋锈蚀(39)coupled?wall 连肢墙(12)coupler 连接器(37)coupling?wall—beam? 连梁(12)coupling?wall—column... 墙肢(12)coursing?degree?of?mortar 砂浆分层度(48)cover?plate 盖板(52)covered?electrode 焊条(54)crack 裂缝(0)crack?resistance 抗裂度(31)crack?width 裂缝宽度(31)crane?girder 吊车梁()crane?load 吊车荷载(15)creep?of?concrete 混凝土徐变(30)crook 横弯(71)cross?beam 井字梁(6)cup 翘弯curved?support 弧形支座(51)cylindrical?brick?arch 砖筒拱(43)Ddecay 腐朽(71)decay?prevention?of?timber?structure 木结构防腐(70)defect?in?timber 木材缺陷(70)deformation?analysis 变形验算(10)degree?of?gravity?vertical?for?structure?or?structural?member· 结构构件垂直度(40)degree?of?gravity?vertical?forwall?surface 墙面垂直度(49)degree?of?plainness?for?structural?memer 构件平整度(40)degree?of?plainness?for?wall?surface 墙面平整度(49)depth?of?compression?zone 受压区高度(32)depth?of?neutral?axis 中和轴高度(32)depth?of?notch 齿深(67)design?of?building?structures 建筑结构设计(8)design?value?of?earthquake-resistant?strength?of?materials 材料抗震强度设计值(1design?value?of?load—carrying?capacity?of?members· 构件承载能力设计值(1designations?0f?steel 钢材牌号(53design value?of?material?strength 材料强度设计值(1destructive?test 破损试验(40detailing?reintorcement [BAIKE1]构造配筋[/BAIKE1](35detailing?requirements [BAIKE1]构造要求[/BAIKE1](22diamonding 菱形变形(71)diaphragm 横隔板(52dimensional?errors 尺寸偏差(39)distribution?factor?of?snow?pressure 屋面积雪分布系数dogspike 扒钉(70)double?component?concrete?column 双肢柱(26)dowelled?joint 销连接(69)down-stayed?composite?beam 下撑式组合粱(8)ductile?frame 延性框架(2)dynamic?design 动态设计(8)Eearthquake-resistant?design 抗震设计(9：earthquake-resistant?detailing?requirements 抗震[BAIKE1]构造要求[/BAIKE1](22)effective?area?of?fillet?weld 角焊缝有效面积(57)effective?depth?of?section 截面有效高度(33)effective?diameter?of?bolt?or?high-strength?bolt· 螺栓(或高强度螺栓)有效直径(57)effective?height 计算高度(21)effective?length 计算长度(21)effective?length?of?fillet?weld 角焊缝有效计算长度(48)effective?length?of?nail 钉有效长度(56)effective?span 计算跨度(21)effective?supporting?length?at?end?of?beam 梁端有效支承长度(46) ? effective?thickness?of?fillet?weld 角焊缝有效厚度(48)elastic?analysis?scheme 弹性方案(46)elastic?foundation?beam 弹性地基梁(11)elastic?foundation?plate 弹性地基板(12)elastically?supported?continuous?girder· 弹性支座连续梁(u) elasticity?modulus?of?materials 材料弹性模量(18)elongation?rate 伸长率(15)embeded?parts 预埋件(30)enhanced?coefficient?of?local?bearing?strength?of?materials· 局部抗压强度提高系数(14)entrapped?air 含气量(38)equilibrium?moisture?content 平衡含水率(66)equivalent?slenderness?ratio 换算长细比(57)equivalent?uniformly?distributed?live?load·等效均布活荷载(14) etlectlve?cross—section?area?of?high-strength?bolt· 高强度螺栓的有效截面积(58) ·、ettectlve?cross—section?area?of?bolt 螺栓有效截面面积(57)euler's?critical?load 欧拉临界力(56)euler's?critical?stress 欧拉临界应力(56)excessive?penetration 塌陷(62)Ffiber?concrete 纤维混凝仁(28)filler?plate 填板门2)fillet?weld 角焊缝(61)final?setting?time 终凝时间()finger?joint 指接(69)fired?common?brick 烧结普通砖(43)fish?eye 白点(62)fish—belly?beam 角腹式梁(7)fissure 裂缝(0)flexible?connection 柔性连接(22)flexural?rigidity?of?section 截面弯曲刚度(19)flexural?stiffness?of?member 构件抗弯刚度(20)floor?plate 楼板(6)floor?system 楼盖(6)four?sides(edges)supported?plate 四边支承板(12)frame?structure 框架结构(2)frame?tube?structure 单框筒结构(3)frame?tube?structure 框架—简体结构(2)frame?with?sidesway 有侧移框架(12)frame?without?sidesway 无侧移框架(12)frange?plate 翼缘板(52)friction?coefficient?of?masonry 砌体摩擦系数(44)full?degree?of?mortar?at?bed?joint 砂浆饱满度(48)function?of?acceptance 验收函数(23)Ggang?nail?plate?joint 钉板连接()glue?used?for?structural?timberg 木结构用胶glued?joint 胶合接头glued?laminated?timber 层板胶合木(¨)glued?laminated?timber?structure 层板胶合结构‘61)grider 主梁((㈠grip 夹具grith?weld 环形焊缝(6÷))groove 坡口gusset?plate 节点板(52)Hhanger 吊环hanging?steel?bar 吊筋heartwood? 心材heat?tempering?bar 热处理钢筋(28)height?variation?factor?of?wind?pressure 风压高度变化系数(16) heliral?weld 螺旋形僻缝high—strength?bolt 高强度螺栓high—strength?bolt?with?large?hexagon?bea 大六角头高强度螺栓high—strength?bolted?bearing?type?join 承压型高强度螺栓连接，high—strength?bolted?connection 高强度螺栓连接high—strength?bolted?friction—type?joint 摩擦型高强度螺栓连接high—strength?holted?steel?slsteel?structure 高强螺栓连接钢结构hinge?support 铰轴支座(51)hinged?connection 铰接(21)hlngeless?arch 无铰拱(12)hollow?brick 空心砖(43)hollow?ratio?of?masonry?unit 块体空心率(46)honeycomb 蜂窝(39)hook 弯钩(37)hoop 箍筋(36)hot—rolled?deformed?bar 热轧带肋钢筋(28)hot—rolled?plain?bar 热轧光圆钢筋(28)hot-rolled?section?steel 热轧型钢(53)hunched?beam 加腋梁()Iimpact?toughness 冲击韧性(18)impermeability 抗渗性(38)inclined?section 斜截面(33)inclined?stirrup 斜向箍筋(36)incomplete?penetration 未焊透(61)incomplete?tusion 未溶合(61)incompletely?filled?groove 未焊满(61)indented?wire 刻痕钢丝(29)influence?coefficient?for?load—bearing?capacity?of?compression?member 受压构件承载能力影响系数(46)influence?coefficient?for?spacial?action? 空间性能影响系数(46)initial?control 初步控制(22)insect?prevention?of?timber?structure 木结构防虫(o)inspection?for?properties?of?glue?used?in?structural?member 结构用胶性能检验(71)inspection?for?properties?of?masnory?units 块体性能检验(48) inspection?for?properties?of?mortar 砂浆性能检验(48)inspection?for?properties?of?steelbar 钢筋性能检验(39)integral?prefabricated?prestressed?concrete?slab—column?structure 整体预应力板柱结构(25)intermediate?stiffener 中间加劲肋(53)intermittent?weld 断续焊缝(60)Jjoint?of?reinforcement 钢筋接头(35)Kkey?joint 键连接(69)kinetic?design 动态设计(8)knot 节子(木节)(70)Llaced?of?battened?compression?member 格构式钢柱(51)lacing?and?batten?elements 缀材(缀件)(51)lacing?bar 缀条(51)lamellar?tearing 层状撕裂(62)lap?connectlon 叠接(搭接)(59)lapped?length?of?steel?bar 钢筋搭接长度(36)large?pannel?concrete?structure 混凝土大板结构(25)large-form?cocrete?structure 大模板结构(26)lateral?bending 侧向弯曲(40)lateral?displacement?stiffness?of?storey 楼层侧移刚度(20)lateral?displacement?stiffness?of?structure· 结构侧移刚度(20) lateral?force?resistant?wallstructure 抗侧力墙体结构(12)leg?size?of?fillet?weld 角焊缝焊脚尺寸(57)length?of?shear?plane 剪面长度(67)lift—slab?structure 升板结构(25)light?weight?aggregate?concrete 轻骨料混凝土(28)limit?of?acceptance 验收界限(23)limitimg?value?for?local?dimension?of?masonry?structure· 砌体结构局部尺寸限值(47)limiting?value?for?sectional?dimension 截面尺寸限值(47)limiting?value?for?supporting?length 支承长度限值(47)limiting?value?for?total?height?of?masonry?structure· 砌体结构总高度限值(47)linear?expansion?coeffcient 线膨胀系数(18)lintel 过梁(7)load?bearing?wall 承重墙(7)load-carrying?capacity?per?bolt 单个普通螺栓承载能力(56) load—carrying?capacity?per?high—strength?holt 单个高强螺桂承载能力(56)load—carrying?capacity?per?rivet 单个铆钉承载能力(55)log 原木(65)log?timberstructure 原木结构(64)long?term?rigidity?of?member 构件长期刚度(32)longitude?horizontal?bracing 纵向水平支撑(5)longitudinal?steel?bar 纵向钢筋(35)longitudinal?stiffener 纵向加劲肋(53)longitudinal?weld 纵向焊缝(60)losses?of?prestress ‘预应力损失(33)lump?material 块体(42)Mmain?axis 强轴(56)main?beam· 主梁(6)major?axis 强轴(56)manual?welding 手工焊接(59)manufacture?control 生产控制(22)map?cracking 龟裂(39)masonry 砌体(17)masonry?lintel 砖过梁(43)masonry?member 无筋砌体构件(41)masonry?units 块体(43)masonry—concrete?structure 砖混结构(¨)masonry—timber?structure 砖木结构(11)mechanical?properties?of?materials· 材料力学性能(17)melt—thru 烧穿(62)method?of?sampling 抽样方法(23)minimum?strength?class?of?masonry 砌体材料最低强度等级(47)minor?axls· 弱轴(56)mix?ratio?of?mortar 砂浆配合比(48)mixing?water 拌合水(27)modified?coefficient?for?allowable?ratio?of?height?to?sectionalthickne ss?of?masonry?wall? 砌体墙容许高厚比修正系数(47)modified?coefficient?of?flexural?strength?for?timber?curved?mem—弧形木构件抗弯强度修正系数(68)modulus?of?elasticity?of?concrete 混凝土弹性模量(30)modulus?of?elasticity?parellel?to?grain 顺纹弹性模量(66)moisture?content 含水率(66)moment?modified?factor 弯矩调幅系数monitor?frame 天窗架mortar 砂浆multi—defence?system?of?earthquake—resistant?building· 多道设防抗震建筑multi—tube?supported?suspended?structure 多筒悬挂结构Nnailed?joint 钉连接，net?height 净高lnet?span 净跨度net?water／cementratio 净水灰比non-destructive?inspection?of?weld 焊缝无损检验non-destructive?test 非破损检验non-load—bearingwall 非承重墙non—uniform?cross—section?beam 变截面粱non—uniformly?distributed?strain?coefficient?of?longitudinal?tensile? reinforcement 纵向受拉钢筋应变不均匀系数normal?concrete 普通混凝土normal?section 正截面notch?and?tooth?joint 齿连接number?of?sampling 抽样数量Oobligue?section 斜截面oblique—angle?fillet?weld 斜角角焊缝one—way?reinforced(or?prestressed)concrete?slab‘‘ 单向板open?web?roof?truss 空腹屋架，ordinary?concrete 普通混凝土(28)ordinary?steel?bar 普通钢筋(29)orthogonal?fillet?weld 直角角焊缝(61)outstanding?width?of?flange 翼缘板外伸宽度(57)outstanding?width?of?stiffener 加劲肋外伸宽度(57)over-all?stability?reduction?coefficient?of?steel?beam· 钢梁整体稳定系数(58) ?overlap 焊瘤(62)overturning?or?slip?resistance?analysis? 抗倾覆、滑移验算(10)Ppadding?plate 垫板(52)partial?penetrated?butt?weld 不焊透对接焊缝(61)partition 非承重墙(7)penetrated?butt?weld 透焊对接焊缝(60)percentage?of?reinforcement 配筋率(34)perforated?brick 多孔砖(43)pilastered?wall 带壁柱墙(42)pit· 凹坑(62)pith 髓心(o)plain?concrete?structure 素混凝土结构(24)plane?hypothesis 平截面假定(32)plane?structure 平面结构(11)plane?trussed?lattice?grids 平面桁架系网架(5)plank 板材(65)plastic?adaption?coefficient?of?cross—section 截面塑性发展系数(58) plastic?design?of?steel?structure 钢结构塑性设计(56)plastic?hinge· 塑性铰(13)plastlcity?coefficient?of?reinforced?concrete?member?in?tensile?zone 受拉区混凝土塑性影响系数(34)plate—like?space?frame 干板型网架(5)plate—like?space?truss 平板型网架(5)plug?weld 塞焊缝(60)plywood 胶合板(65)plywood?structure 胶合板结构(64)pockmark 麻面(39)polygonal?top-chord?roof?truss 多边形屋架(4)post—tensioned?prestressed?concrete?structure 后张法预应力混凝土结构(24)precast?reinforced?concrete?member 预制混凝土构件(26)prefabricated?concrete?structure 装配式混凝土结构(25)presetting?time 初凝时间(38)prestressed?concrete?structure 预应力混凝土结构(24)prestressed?steel?structure 预应力钢结构(50)prestressed?tendon 预应力筋<29)pre—tensioned?prestressed?concrete?structure· 先张法预应力混凝土结构(24)primary?control 初步控制(22)production?control 生产控制(22)properties?of?fresh?concrete 可塑混凝土性能(37)properties?of?hardened?concrete 硬化混凝土性能(38)property?of?building?structural?materials 建筑结构材料性能(17)purlin“—””—檩条(4)Qqlue?timber?structurer 胶合木结构(㈠)quality?grade?of?structural?timber 木材质量等级(0)quality?grade?of?weld 焊缝质量级别(61)quality?inspection?of?bolted?connection 螺栓连接质量检验(63)quality?inspection?of?masonry 砌体质量检验(48)quality?inspection?of?riveted?connection 铆钉连接质量检验(63) quasi—permanent?value?of?live?load?on?floor?or?roof，楼面、屋面活荷载准永久值(15)Rradial?check 辐裂(70)ratio?of?axial?compressive?force?to?axial?compressive?ultimate?capacit y?of?section 轴压比(35)ratio?of?height?to?sectional?thickness?of?wall?or?column 砌体墙柱高、厚比(48)ratio?of?reinforcement 配筋率(34)ratio?of?shear?span?to?effective?depth?of?section 剪跨比(35) redistribution?of?internal?force 内力重分布(13)reducing?coefficient?of?compressive?strength?in?sloping?grain?for?bolt ed?connection 螺栓连接斜纹承压强度降低系数(68)reducing?coefficient?of?liveload 活荷载折减系数(14)reducing?coefficient?of?shearing?strength?for?notch?and?tooth?connecti on 齿连接抗剪强度降低系数(68)regular?earthquake—resistant?building 规则抗震建筑(9)reinforced?concrete?deep?beam 混凝土深梁(26)reinforced?concrete?slender?beam 混凝土浅梁(26)reinforced?concrete?structure 钢筋混凝土结构(24)reinforced?masonry?structure 配筋砌体结构(41)reinforcement?ratio 配筋率(34)reinforcement?ratio?per?unit?volume 体积配筋率(35)relaxation?of?prestressed?tendon 预应筋松弛(31)representative?value?of?gravity?load 重力荷载代表值(17)resistance?to?abrasion 耐磨性(38)resistance?to?freezing?and?thawing 抗冻融性(39)resistance?to?water?penetration· 抗渗性(38)reveal?of?reinforcement 露筋(39)right—angle?filletweld 直角角焊缝(61)rigid?analysis?scheme 刚性方案(45)rigid?connection 刚接(21)rigid?transverse?wall 刚性横墙(42)rigid?zone 刚域(13)rigid-elastic?analysis?scheme 刚弹性方案(45)rigidity?of?section 截面刚度(19)rigidly?supported?continous?girder 刚性支座连续梁(11)ring?beam 圈梁(42)rivet 铆钉(55)riveted?connecction 铆钉连接(60)riveted?steel?beam 铆接钢梁(52)riveted?steel?girder 铆接钢梁(52)riveted?steel?structure 铆接钢结构(50)rolle?rsupport 滚轴支座(51)rolled?steel?beam 轧制型钢梁(51)roof?board 屋面板(3)roof?bracing?system 屋架支撑系统(4)roof?girder 屋面梁(4)roof?plate 屋面板(3)roof?slab 屋面板(3)roof?system 屋盖(3)roof?truss 屋架(4)rot 腐朽(71)round?wire 光圆钢丝(29)Ssafety?classes?of?building?structures 建筑结构安全等级(9) safetybolt 保险螺栓(69)sapwood 边材(65)sawn?lumber+A610 方木(65)sawn?timber?structure 方木结构(64)saw-tooth?joint?failure 齿缝破坏(45)scarf?joint 斜搭接(70)seamless?steel?pipe 无缝钢管(54)seamless?steel?tube 无缝钢管(54)second?moment?of?area?of?tranformed?section 换算截面惯性矩(34) second?order?effect?due?to?displacement 挠曲二阶效应(13) secondary?axis 弱轴(56)secondary?beam 次粱(6)section?modulus?of?transformed?section 换算截面模量(34) section?steel 型钢(53)semi-automatic?welding 半自动焊接(59)separated?steel?column 分离式钢柱(51)setting?time 凝结时间(38)shake 环裂(70)shaped?steel 型钢(53)shapefactorofwindload 风荷载体型系数(16)shear?plane 剪面(67)shearing?rigidity?of?section 截面剪变刚度(19) shearing?stiffness?of?member 构件抗剪刚度(20) short?stiffener 短加劲肋(53)short?term?rigidity?of?member 构件短期刚度(31) shrinkage 干缩(71)shrinkage?of?concrete 混凝干收缩(30)silos 贮仓(3)skylight?truss 天窗架(4)slab 楼板(6)slab—column?structure 板柱结构(2)slag?inclusion 夹渣(61)sloping?grain ‘斜纹(70)slump 坍落度(37)snow?reference?pressure 基本雪压(16)solid—web?steel?column 实腹式钢柱(space?structure 空间结构(11)space?suspended?cable 悬索(5)spacing?of?bars 钢筋间距(33)spacing?of?rigid?transverse?wall 刚性横墙间距(46) spacing?of?stirrup?legs 箍筋肢距(33)spacing?of?stirrups 箍筋间距(33)specified?concrete 特种混凝上(28)spiral?stirrup 螺旋箍筋(36)spiral?weld 螺旋形焊缝(60)split?ringjoint 裂环连接(69)square?pyramid?space?grids 四角锥体网架(5) stability?calculation 稳定计算(10)stability?reduction?coefficient?of?axially?loaded?compression 轴心受压构件稳定系数<13)stair 楼梯(8)static?analysis?scheme?of?building 房屋静力汁算方案(45)static?design 房屋静力汁算方案(45)statically?determinate?structure 静定结构(11)statically?indeterminate?structure 超静定结构(11)sted 钢材(17)steel?bar 钢筋(28)steel?column?component 钢柱分肢(51)steel?columnbase 钢柱脚(51)steel?fiber?reinforced?concrete?structure· 钢纤维混凝土结构(26) steel?hanger 吊筋(37)steel?mesh?reinforced?brick?masonry?member 方格网配筋砖砌体构件(41) steel?pipe 钢管(54)steel?plate 钢板(53)steel?plateelement 钢板件(52)steel?strip 钢带(53)steel?support 钢支座(51)steel?tie 拉结钢筋(36)steel?tie?bar?for?masonry 砌体拉结钢筋(47)steel?tube 钢管(54)steel?tubular?structure 钢管结构(50)steel?wire 钢丝(28)stepped?column 阶形柱(7)stiffener 加劲肋(52)stiffness?of?structural?member 构件刚度(19)stiffness?of?transverse?wall 横墙刚度(45)stirrup 箍筋(36)stone 石材(44)stone?masonry 石砌体(44)stone?masonry?structure 石砌体结构(41)storev?height 层高(21)straight—line?joint?failure 通缝破坏(45)straightness?of?structural?member 构件乎直度(71)strand 钢绞线(2，)strength?classes?of?masonry?units 块体强度等级(44)strength?classes?of?mortar 砂浆强度等级(44) ”strength?classes?of?structural?steel 钢材强度等级(55)strength?classes?of?structural?timber 木材强度等级(66)strength?classes(grades)?of?concrete 混凝土强度等级(29)strength?classes(grades)?of?prestressed?tendon 预应力筋强度等级(30) strength?classes(grades)?of?steel?bar? 普通钢筋强度等级(30)strength?of?structural?timber?parallel?to?grain 木材顺纹强度(66) strongaxis 强轴(56)structural?system?composed?of?bar ”杆系结构(11)structural?system?composed?of?plate 板系结构(12)structural?wall 结构墙(7)superposed?reinforced?concrete?flexural?member 叠合式混凝土受弯构件(26) suspended?crossed?cable?net 双向正交索网结构(6)suspended?structure 悬挂结构(3)swirl?grain 涡纹(1)Ttensile(compressive)?rigidity?of?section 截面拉伸(压缩)刚度(19)tensile(compressive)?stiffness?of?member 构件抗拉(抗压)刚度(20)tensile(ultimate)?strength?of?steel 钢材(钢筋)抗拉(极限)强度(18)test?for?properties?of?concrete?structural?members 构件性能检验(40)：thickness?of?concrete?cover 混凝土保护层厚度(33)thickness?of?mortarat?bed?joint 水平灰缝厚度(49)thin?shell 薄壳(6)three?hinged?arch 三铰拱(n)tie?bar 拉结钢筋(36)tie?beam，?‘ 系梁(22)tie?tod 系杆(5)tied?framework 绑扎骨架(35)timber 木材(17) ?，timber?roof?truss 木屋架(64)tor-shear?type?high-strength?bolt 扭剪型高强度螺栓(54)torsional?rigidity?of?section 截面扭转刚度(19)torsional?stiffness?of?member 构件抗扭刚度(20)total?breadth?of?structure 结构总宽度(21)total?height?of?structure 结构总高度(21)total?length?of?structure 结构总长度(21)transmission?length?of?prestress 预应力传递长度(36)transverse?horizontal?bracing 横向水平支撑(4)transverse?stiffener· 横向加劲肋(53)transverse?weld 横向焊缝(60)transversely?distributed?steelbar 横向分布钢筋(36)trapezoid?roof?truss 梯形屋架(4)triangular?pyramid?space?grids 三角锥体网架(5)triangular?roof?truss 三角形屋架(4)trussed?arch 椽架(64)trussed?rafter 桁架拱(5)tube?in?tube?structure 筒中筒结构(3)tube?structure 简体结构(2)twist 扭弯(71)two?hinged?arch 双铰拱(11)two?sides(edges)?supported?plate 两边支承板(12)two—way?reinforced?(or?prestressed)?concrete?slab 混凝土双向板(27) Uultimate?compressive?strain?of?concrete’” 混凝土极限压应变(31) unbonded?prestressed?concrete?structure 无粘结预应力混凝土结构(25) undercut 咬边(62)uniform?cross—section?beam 等截面粱(6)unseasoned?timber 湿材(65)upper?flexible?and?lower?rigid?complex?multistorey?building· 上柔下刚多层房屋(45)upper?rigid?lower?flexible?complex?multistorey?building· 上刚下柔多层房屋(45)Vvalue?of?decompression?prestress? 预应力筋消压预应力值(33)value?of?effective?prestress 预应筋有效预应力值(33)verification?of?serviceability?limit?states·?” 正常使用极限状态验证(10)verification?of?ultimate?limit?states? 承载能极限状态验证(10) vertical?bracing 竖向支撑(5)vierendal?roof?truss 空腹屋架(4)visual?examination?of?structural?member 构件外观检查(39)visual?examination?of?structural?steel?member 钢构件外观检查(63) visual?examination?of?weld 焊缝外观检查(62)Wwall?beam 墙梁(42)wall?frame 壁式框架(门)wall—slab?structure 墙板结构(2)warping 翘曲(40)，(71)warping?rigidity?of?section 截面翘曲刚度(19)water?retentivity?of?mortar 砂浆保水性(48)water?tower 水塔(3)water／cement?ratio· 水灰比(3g)weak?axis· 弱轴(56)weak?region?of?earthquake—resistant?building 抗震建筑薄弱部位(9) web?plate 腹板(52)weld 焊缝(6[))weld?crack 焊接裂纹(62)weld?defects 焊接缺陷(61)weld?roof 焊根(61)weld?toe 焊趾(61)weldability?of?steel?bar 钢筋可焊性(39)welded?framework 焊接骨架()welded?steel?beam 焊接钢梁(welded?steel?girder 焊接钢梁(52)welded?steel?pipe 焊接钢管(54)welded?steel?strueture 焊接钢结构(50)welding?connection· 焊缝连接(59)welding?flux 焊剂(54)welding?rod 焊条(54)welding?wire 焊丝(54)wind?fluttering?factor 风振系数(16)wind?reference?pressure 基本风压(16)wind—resistant?column 抗风柱()wood?roof?decking 屋面木基层(64)Yyield?strength?(yield?point)?of?steel 钢材(钢筋)屈服强度(屈服点)。

结构设计专用英语capture[英] [ˈkæptʃə] [美] [ˈkæptʃɚ]生词本vt.俘获；夺取；夺得；引发（注意、想像、爱好）n.捕捉；占据；direction[英] [diˈrekʃən] [美] [dɪˈrɛkʃən, daɪ-]生词本n.方向，指南；指挥，指导module[英] [ˈmɔdju:l] [美] [ˈmɑdʒul]生词本n.模块；组件；（宇宙飞船上各个独立的）舱；测量流水等的单位Port端口； [人名] [英格兰人姓氏] 波特地貌名称，城门或职业名称，守门人来源于中世纪英语，含义是“门口，人口”(gateway，entrance)； [人名] [英格兰人姓氏] 波特地貌名称，来源于中世纪英语，含义是“口岸，集镇”(analog[英] [ˈænəˌlɔ:g, -ˌlɔg] [美] [ˈænəˌlɔɡ, -ˌlɑɡ]生词本n.类似物，同源语； <电脑>模拟adj. (钟表)有长短针的；directional[英] [diˈrekʃənəl] [美] [dɪˈrɛkʃənəl, daɪ-]生词本adj.方向的microphone[英] [ˈmaikrəfəun] [美] [ˈmaɪkrəˌfon]生词本n.扩音器，麦克风；话筒available[英] [əˈveiləbl] [美] [əˈveləbəl]生词本adj.可用的；有空的；可会面的； (戏票、车票等)有效的常见度：•description[英] [disˈkripʃən] [美] [dɪˈskrɪpʃən]生词本n.描述；形容；种类；类型常见度：•feature[英] [ˈfi:tʃə] [美] [ˈfitʃɚ]生词本n.特点，特点；面貌，面貌；（期刊的）特辑；故事片vt.使有特色；描述……的特点；以……为号召物vi.起要紧作用；作重要角色mount[英] [maunt] [美] [maʊnt]生词本vt.& vi.登上；骑上vi.增加；上升vt.安装，架置；镶嵌，嵌入；预备上演；成立（军队等）n.山峰；攀，登；运载工具；底座configuration[英] [kənˌfiɡjuˈreiʃən] [美] [kənˌfɪɡjəˈreʃən]生词本n.组合，布置；结构，构造； [化]（分子中原子的）组态，排列； [物application[英] [ˌæpliˈkeiʃən] [美] [ˌæplɪˈkeʃən]生词本n.适用，应用，运用；申请，请求，申请表格；勤勉，用功；敷用，敷用药mechanical[英] [miˈkænikəl] [美] [mɪˈkænɪkəl]生词本adj.机械的，机械学的；呆板的；体力的；手工操作的specification[英] [ˌspes ifiˈkeiʃən] [美] [ˌspɛsəfɪˈkeʃən]生词本n.规格；详述；说明书acoustic[英] [əˈku:stik] [美] [əˈkustɪk]生词本adj.听觉的；声material[英] [məˈtiəriəl] [美] [məˈtɪriəl]生词本n.材料，原料；素材；布，织物；适当人选adj.物质的；肉体的；重要的，决定性plating[英] [ˈpleitiŋ] [美] [ˈpletɪŋ]生词本n.电镀，被覆金属v.镀( plate的此刻electrical[iˈlektrikəl]生词本adj.用电的usable[英] [ˈju:zəbəl] [美] [ˈjuzəbəl]生词本adj.可用的；合用的；便于利用的assignment[英] [əˈsainmənt] [美] [əˈsaɪnmənt]生词本n.分给，分派；任务，工作，（课外）作业； <美>录用；指定，委派常见度：•recommend[英] [ˌrekəˈmend] [美] [ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd]生词本vt.推荐；劝告；使显得吸引人；拜托vi.推荐；建议layout[英] [ˈleiaut] [美] [ˈleˌaʊt]生词本n.布局，安排，设计；布置图，计划图welding[英] [ˈweldɪŋ]生词本n.焊接法，定位焊接；粘结vt.熔接；锻接；使结合vi.焊牢，能被焊接v.焊接( weld的此刻分pattern[英] [ˈpætən] [美] [ˈpætən]生词本n.模式；花腔，样品；图案；表率，典范vt.仿照；以图案装饰vi.形成图案prohibit[英] [prəˈhibit] [美] [proˈhɪbɪt]生词本vt.禁止，阻止，plug[英] [plʌɡ] [美] [plʌɡ]生词本n.塞子；插头；消防栓；（内燃机的）火花塞vt.& vi.插上插头vt.以（塞子）塞住；插入；〈俚〉枪击，殴打vi.填塞，堵；〈俚〉勤苦工作，用schematic[英] [ski:ˈmætɪk, skɪ-] [美] [skiˈmætɪk, skɪ-]生词本adj.纲要的；示意的；严谨的；有章法的n.图表，(尤指)电常见度：•assembly[英] [əˈsembli] [美] [əˈsɛmbli]生词本n.装配；集会； [军]集合号，集合鼓，集合； [机]装配，装配车间，供装配的零件style[英] [stail] [美] [staɪl]生词本n.风格；时尚；说话的态度，文体；仪表，品位vt.设计；称号；为……造型vi.使符合流行式样；用刻刀作装饰画contact[英] [ˈkɔntækt] [美] [ˈkɑnˌtækt]生词本n.接触；触点； [医]（传染病）接触人；路子vt.使接触；与……联系；与……通信（或通话）vi.联系，接触rating[英] [ˈreitiŋ] [美] [ˈretɪŋ]生词本n.品级；评估，评判；极限；收听率，收视率v.估价（ rateattached[英] [əˈtætʃt] [美] [əˈtætʃt]生词本adj.附加的，附属的；依恋的；倾心的v.贴上，系，附上carton[英] [ˈkɑ:tən] [美] [ˈkɑrtn]生词本n.尤指装食物或液体的）硬纸盒；塑料盒；硬纸盒（或塑料盒）所装物品；纸板盒vt.用盒包装export[英] [eksˈpɔ:t] [美] [ɪksˈpɔrt]生词本vt.& vi.出口，输出vt.传播，输出（思想或活动）[ˈekspɔ:t]n.输出，出口；输出[出口]物layer[英] [ˈleiə] [美] [ˈleɚ]生词本n.层，层次；膜； [植]压条；放置者，打算者vt.把……分层堆放；借助压条法；生根繁衍；将（头发）剪成不同层次vi.形成或分成层次； [植]通过压条法而生根housing[英] [ˈhauziŋ] [美] [ˈhaʊzɪŋ]生词本n.房屋；供给住宅；掩护；外罩scale[英] [skeil] [美] [skel]生词本n.规模；比例（尺）；鱼鳞；级别vt.测量；攀登；刮去……的鳞片vi.衡量；攀actuator[英] [ˈæktjueitə] [美] [ˈæktʃuˌetɚ]生词本n.鼓励者； [电脑]执行机构； [电](电磁铁)螺线管； [机]促动器point[英] [pɔint] [美] [pɔɪnt]生词本n.点；要点；得分；标点vt.（意思上）指向；削尖；加标点于；指路vi.说明；指向常见度：•applicable[英] [ˈæplikəbl] [美] [ˈæplɪkəbəl, əˈplɪkə-]生词本adj.适当的；可应用的bezel[英] [ˈbezəl] [美] [ˈbɛzəl]生词本n.凿的刃角，宝石的斜面； (相框、电脑屏幕等的)边框opening[英] [ˈəupəniŋ] [美] [ˈopənɪŋ]生词本n.揭幕，开始；空缺的职位； [商]开盘，交易开始时刻；（职位的）空缺adj.第一次的，开始的v.（打）开（ open的此刻分词）；detail[英] [ˈdi:teil] [美] [dɪˈtel, ˈdiˌtel]生词本简明释义更多资料n.详述；（照片、绘画等的）细部；细目，琐碎；各类细节vt.详述，认真汇报；选派；清楚地说明；给manufacturer[英] [ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərə] [美] [ˌmænjəˈfæktʃəɚ]生词本n.制造商，制造symbol[英] [ˈsimbəl] [美] [ˈsɪmbəl]生词本•n.象征；标志；符号；记号vt.用符号代表combo[英] [ˈkɔmbəʊ] [美] [ˈkɑmbo]生词本<美口>套餐，如色拉、三明治、饮料等的组合食物n.小型爵士乐队，小型伴舞乐队working hight工作高度aluminum[英] [əˈlu:mənəm] [美] [əˈlumənəm]生词本n. <美>铝PS•abbr. postscript附言；1.（信末签名后的）附笔，又及 You write PS to introduce something that you add at the end of a letterafter you have signed it.PS. Please show your friends this letter and the enclosed leaflet.附:请把这封信和内装的小册子给你的朋友们看看。

结构工程常用英语词汇混凝土：concrete 钢筋：reinforcing steel bar钢筋混凝土：reinforced concrete（RC）钢筋混凝土结构：reinforced concrete structure板式楼梯：cranked slab stairs 刚度：rigidity徐变：creep 水泥：cement钢筋保护层：cover to reinforcement 梁：beam柱：column 板：slab 剪力墙：shear wall 基础：foundation剪力：shear 剪切变形：shear deformation 剪切模量：shear modulus拉力：tension 压力：pressure 延伸率：percentage of elongation位移：displacement 应力：stress 应变：strain应力集中：concentration of stresses 应力松弛：stress relaxation 应力图：stress diagram 应力应变曲线：stress-strain curve 应力状态：state of stress 钢丝：steel wire 箍筋：hoop reinforcement 箍筋间距：stirrup spacing 加载：loading抗压强度：compressive strength 抗弯强度：bending strength抗扭强度：torsional strength 抗拉强度：tensile strength裂缝：crack 屈服：yield 屈服点：yield point 屈服荷载：yield load屈服极限：limit of yielding 屈服强度：yield strength屈服强度下限：lower limit of yield 荷载：load 横截面：cross section 承载力：bearing capacity 承重结构：bearing structure弹性模量：elastic modulus 预应力钢筋混凝土：prestressed reinforced concrete 预应力钢筋：prestressed reinforcement 预应力损失：loss of prestress 预制板：precast slab现浇钢筋混凝土结构：cast-in-place reinforced concrete双向配筋：two-way reinforcement 主梁：main beam次梁：secondary beam 弯矩：moment 悬臂梁：cantilever beam延性：ductileity受弯构件：member in bending 受拉区：tensile region 受压区：compressive region 塑性：plasticity轴向压力：axial pressure 轴向拉力：axial tension吊车梁：crane beam 可靠性：reliability 粘结力：cohesive force外力：external force 弯起钢筋：bent-up bar 弯曲破坏：bending failure 屋架：roof truss 素混凝土：non-reinforced concrete无梁楼盖：flat slab 配筋率：reinforcement ratio配箍率：stirrup ratio 泊松比：Poisson’s ratio偏心受拉：eccentric tension 偏心受压：eccentric compression偏心距：eccentric distance 疲劳强度：fatigue strength偏心荷载：eccentric load 跨度：span 跨高比：span-to-depth ratio跨中荷载：midspan load 框架结构：frame structure集中荷载：concentrated load 分布荷载：distribution load分布钢筋：distribution steel 挠度：deflection设计荷载：design load 设计强度：design strength构造：construction 简支梁：simple beam 截面面积：area of section 浇注：pouring 浇注混凝土：concreting钢筋搭接：bar splicing 刚架：rigid frame脆性：brittleness 脆性破坏：brittle failure。

a. LOAD 荷载b. GROUND BASE AND FOUNDATION 地基及基础c. REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE STRUCTURE 钢筋混凝土结构d. STEEL STRUCTURE 钢结构e. DESIGN FOR ANTISEISMIC 抗震设计f. GENERAL WORDS FOR DESIGN 设计常用词汇g. GENERAL WORDS FOR CONSTRUCTION 施工常用词汇a. Load 荷载拔力 pulling force标准值 standard value残余应力 residual stress冲击荷载 impact load, punch load残余变形 residual deformation承压 bearing承载能力 bearing capacity承重 bearing, load bearing承重结构 bearing structure脆性材料 brittle material脆性破坏 brittle failure抵抗力 resisting power, resistance吊车荷载 crane load分布荷载 distributed load风荷载 wind load风速 wind velocity, wind speed风压 wind pressure风振 wind vibration浮力 buoyance, floatage符号 symbol, mark负弯矩 negative moment, hogging moment附加荷载 additional load附加应力 additional stress副作用 side effect, by-effect刚度 rigidity刚度比 ratio of rigidity刚度系数 rigidity factor刚接 rigid connection刚性节点 rigid joint恒载 dead load荷载传递 transmission of load固端弯矩 fixed-end moment活荷载 live load积灰荷载 dust load集中荷载 concentrated load加载, 加荷 loading剪力 shear, shearing force剪切破坏 shear failure剪应变 shear strain剪应力 shear stress简支 simple support静定结构 statically determinate structure截面模量 modulus of section, section modulus静力 static force静力分析 static analysis局部压力 local pressure, partial pressure局部压屈 local bulkling 绝对值 absolute value均布荷载 uniformly distributed load抗拔力 pulling resistance抗剪刚度 shear rigidity抗剪强度 shear strength, shearing strength抗拉强度 tensile strength抗扭 torsion resistance抗扭刚度 torsional rigidity抗弯 bending resistance抗弯刚度 bending rigidity抗压强度compressive strength, compression strength可靠性 reliability可靠性设计 reliability design拉力 tensile force拉应力 tensile stress, tension stress拉应变 tensile strain, tension strain临界点 critical point临界荷载 critical load临界应力 critical stress密度 density离心力 centrifugal force摩擦力 friction force摩擦系数 frictional factor挠度 deflection内力 internal force, inner force扭矩 moment of torsion, torsional moment疲劳强度 fatigue strength偏心荷载 eccentric load, non-central load偏心距 eccentric distance, eccentricity偏心受拉 eccentric tension偏心受压 eccentric compression屈服强度 yield strength使用荷载 working load水平力 horizontal force水平推力 horizontal thrust弹塑性变形 elastoplastic deformation弹性 elasticity, resilience, spring塑限 plastic limit弹性变形 elastic deformation塑性变形 plastic deformation弹性模量 modulus of elastic, elastic modulus体积 volume, bulk, cubature, cubage土压力 earth pressure, soil pressure弯矩 bending moment, moment弯曲半径 radius at bent, radius of curve位移 displacement温度应力 temperature stress温度作用 temperature action系数 coefficient, factor雪荷载 snow load压应变 compression strain压应力 compression stress应力集中 concentration of stress预应力 prestressing force, prestress振动荷载 vibrating load, racking load支座反力 support reaction自重 own weight作用 action, effect作用点 point of application, application joint b. Ground Base and Foundation 地基及基础板桩 sheet pile, sheeting pile板桩基础 sheet pile foundation饱和粘土 saturation clay冰冻线 frost line, freezing level不均匀沉降unequal settlement, differential settlement残积土 residual soil沉积物 deposit, sediment沉降 settlement沉降差 difference in settlement沉降缝 settlement joint沉井 sinking well, sunk well沉箱 caisson持力层 bearing stratum冲积 alluviation锤夯 hammer tamping档土墙 retaining wall, breast wall底板 base slab, base plate, bed plate地板 floor board地基 ground base, ground地基承载力 ground bearing capacity地基处理 ground treatment, soil treatment地基稳定 base stabilization地梁 ground beam, ground sill地漏 floor drain地下工程 substructure work, understructure work 地下室 basement, cellar地下水 ground water地下水位 groundwater level, water table地下水压力 ground water pressure地质报告 geologic report垫层 bedding, blinding独立基础isolated foundation, individual foundation端承桩 end-bearing pile筏式基础 raft foundation粉砂 silt, rock flour粉质粘土 silty clay粉质土 silty soil扶壁式档土墙 buttressed retaining wall腐蚀 corrosion覆土 earth covering刚性基础 rigid foundation沟盖板 trench cover固结 consolidation灌注桩 cast-in-place pile, cast in site pile护坡 slope protection, revetment护桩 guard pile环墙 ring wall灰土 lime earth回填 backfill, backfilling 回填土 backfill, backfill soil混凝土找平层 concrete screed火山灰水泥 trass cement基槽 foundation trench基础 foundation, base基础底板 foundation slab基础埋深 embedded depth of foundation基础平面图 foundation plan地基勘探 site exploration, site investigation 基坑 foundation pit集水坑 collecting sump阶形基础 stepped foundation结合层 binding course, bonding course井点 well point井点排水 well point unwatering开挖 excavation, cutting勘测 exploration and survey勘测资料 exploration data沥青 bitumen, asphalt, pitch联合基础 combined foundation卵石 cobble, pebble埋置 embedment毛石基础 rubble foundation锚筋 anchor bar锚桩 anchor pile密实度 compactness, density, denseness摩擦桩 friction pile, floating pile粘土 clay粘质粉土 clay silt碾压 roller compaction, rolling排水 drainage, dewatering排水沟 drainage ditch排水孔 weep hole, drain hole排水设备 dewatering equipment普通硅酸盐水泥 ordinary Portland cement群桩 grouped piles容许沉降 permissible settlement容许承载力 allowable bearing软土 soft soil砂垫层 sand bedding course, sand cushion砂土 sandy soil, sands砂质粉土 sandy silt设备基础 equipment foundation水泥搅拌桩 cement injection素土夯实 rammed earth, packed soil碎石桩 stone columns弹性地基 elastic foundation弹性地基梁 beam on elastic foundation填方 fill, filling填土 earth-fill, earth filling, filling条形基础 strip foundation土方工程 earthwork挖方 excavation work, excavation箱形基础 box foundation压实 compaction, compacting压实系数 compacting factor验槽 check of foundation subsoil预制混凝土桩 precast concrete pile中砂 medium sand重力式档土墙 gravity retaining wall桩承台 pile cap钻孔桩 bored pile钻探 exploration drilling, drilling,最终沉降 final settlementc.Reinforcement Concrete Structure 钢筋混凝土结构板缝 slab joint板厚 thickness of slab板式楼梯 cranked slab stairs板跨度 span of slab薄壁结构 thin-walled structure薄腹梁 thin wedded girder保护层 protective coating臂式吊车 boom crane, boom hoist边梁 edge beam, boundary beam变截面 variable cross-section变形缝 movement joint变形钢筋 deformed bar初凝 initial setting, pre-setting次梁 secondary beam大型屋面板 precast ribbed roof slab单层厂房 one-storied factory单筋梁 beam with single reinforcement单跨 single span单向板 one-way slab垫块 cushion block垫梁 template beam吊车梁 crane beam, crane girder顶棚抹灰 ceiling plastering端跨 end span, tail bay多跨连续梁 multi-span beam翻边 upstand反梁 upstand beam分布钢筋 distribution-bar封闭式箍筋 closed stirrup附加钢筋 additional bar刚架 rigid frame, stiff frame钢筋 reinforcement, steel bar, bar钢筋表 Bar Schedules钢筋笼 steel reinforcement cage钢筋间距 spacing of bars, bar spacing钢筋网 bar-mat reinforcement, mesh reinforcement 钢筋砖 reinforced brick勾缝 joint pointing构架 frame, gallows构件 member, structural member构造 construction构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement构造柱 onstructional column, tie column构筑物 structure箍筋 hoop reinforcement, hooping箍筋间距 stirrup spacing固定端 fixed end, retained end 固端梁 fixed-end beam, fixed beam过梁 lintel, breast summer混凝土强度等级 grade of concrete机制砖 machine-made brick剪力墙 shear wall简支梁 simply supported beam经济跨度 economic span经济配筋率economic ratio of reinforcement劲性钢筋 stiff reinforcement劲性钢筋混凝土结构 steel composite construction 径向钢筋 radial reinforcement抗剪钢筋 shear reinforcement抗拉钢筋 tension reinforcement受压钢筋 compression reinforcement可见裂缝 visible crack刻痕钢丝 indented steel wire坑 pit, hollow, delve空斗墙 rowlock cavity wall, rolock wall空心板 hollow slab空心砖隔墙 hollow tile partition跨度 span框架 frame框架剪力墙结构 frame-shear wall structure拉接钢筋 tie bar栏杆 railing, banister栏杆立柱 railing post老化 aging累积误差 accumulated error肋形楼板 ribbed floor slab冷拔低碳钢丝 cold-drawn low-carbon wire冷脆性 cold shortness, cooling brittleness冷弯 cold bending冷轧 cold rolling离析 segregation梁垫 beam pad, template, pad梁挠度 beam deflection楼梯斜梁 string, stringer螺旋楼梯 spiral stair, winding staircase马鞍形壳 saddle shell锚固 anchoring门框, 门樘 door frame门式刚架 portal frame面砖, 墙面砖 facing tile, wall tile耐火混凝土 fire-resisting concrete排架 bent, bent frame女儿墙 parapet wall, parapet配筋率 reinforcement ratio配箍率 stirrup ratio砌块 block圈梁 ring beam, tie beam, bond beam山墙 gable深梁 deep beam伸缩缝 expansion joint实腹梁 solid web girder实腹柱 solid web column竖向钢筋 vertical reinforcement双向配筋 two-way reinforcement素混凝土 plain concrete筒中筒结构 tube-in-tube structure网状钢筋 steel mesh reinforcement围堰 cofferdam, coffer无梁楼盖 flat slab, flat plate系梁 tie beam预应力钢筋混凝土 prestressed reinforced concrete 预应力构件 prestressed component预制 prefabrication预制板 precast slab预制构件 prefabrication component预制装配式结构 prefabricated construction折板 folded plate, folded slab折板结构 folded-plate structure主筋 main reinforcement, main bar主梁 main beam, girder柱距 column spacing, post spacing装配式结构 fabricated structure纵梁 longitudinal beam纵剖面 longitudinal section纵向钢筋 longitudinal bard. Steel Structure 钢结构薄壁型钢 light-gauge steel section, hollow steel section不等肢角钢 unequal angle steel槽钢 channel, channel steel背对背角钢组合 angles back to back不锈钢 stainless steel除锈 rust-removal粗制螺栓 rough bolt, black bolt带钢 strip steel, band iron单面焊 single weld, one-side welding地脚螺栓 foundation bolt, anchor bolt,holding down bolt点焊 spot welding, point welding电动葫芦 electric hoist等边角钢 equal angle, equal leg angle对接焊, 对焊 butt welding腹板 web plate, web腹杆 web member腹板加劲件 web stiffener杆 rod, bar钢板 steel plate钢管 steel tube, steel pipe钢桁架 steel truss钢框架 steel frame钢梯, 爬梯 steel ladder高强度螺栓 high strength bolt格构柱 lattice column工字梁 I-girder, I-beam工字钢 I-steel工字形截面 I-shaped cross-section焊缝 welding seam焊接 welding焊接长度 weld length 焊条 welding rod桁架 truss红丹底漆 red lead primer红丹漆 red lead paint加劲肋 stiffening rib, rib stiffener加劲板 stiffening plate角钢 angle steel节点 joint, node节点板 gusset plate, gusset节点位移 joint displacement节间长度 panel length紧固螺栓 clamp bolt, fastening bolt精制螺栓 turned bolt可焊性 weldability空腹桁架 open-web truss空间桁架 space truss肋板 ribbed panel, ribbed slab连接板 connecting plate, joint plate檩条 purline螺母 screw nut, nut螺栓 bolt螺栓孔 bolt hole螺纹 screw thread, thread螺纹长度 length of thread螺纹钢 screw-threaded steel, twisted steel 拉杆 tie rod, tension rod满焊 full weld铆钉 rivet锰钢 manganese steel喷砂 sand blasting轻钢结构 lightweight steel construction三角架 tripod上弦 top chord, upper chord上弦横向水平支撑 upper lateral bracing上弦纵向水平支撑 upper longitudinal bracing 平面桁架 plane truss实腹刚架 solid web rigid frame塔架 pylon bent特种钢 special steel调和漆 mixed paint贴角焊 fillet weld, fillet welding托架 bracket网架结构 grid structure屋架 roof truss, principal无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe系杆 tie rod, tie bar, tie下弦 bottom chord, lower chord下弦横向水平支撑 bottom lateral bracing斜撑 diagonal brace, diagonal bracing型钢 section steel, shaped steel悬索 suspended cable, suspension cable压力焊 pressure welding仰焊 overhead welding, inverted welding翼缘 flange翼缘板 flange plate, cover plate轧制型钢 rolled steel section支撑 bracing, strutting铸铁管 cast iron pipe组合槽钢 built-up channel组合截面built-up section,compound section自动焊接 automatic weldinge. Design for Antiseismic 抗震设计鞭梢效应 whipping effect场地类别 site classification场地土 site soil单自由度体系 single-degree of freedom system底部剪力法 equivalent base shear method地震 earthquake, seism地震烈度 earthquake intensity, seismic intensity 地震烈度区划图 map of seismic intensity zoning 地震影响系数 seismic influence coefficient地震作用 earthquake action多自由度体系 multi-degree of freedom system反应谱 response spectrum抗震 earthquake resistance抗震缝 seismic joint, aseismic joint抗震构造 aseismic construction抗震设防 earthquake fortification抗震设计 seismic design共振 resonance基本周期 foundamental period里氏震级 Richter magnitude烈度 intensity设计近震 design near earthquake设计远震 design far earthquake时程分析法 time history method液化 liquefaction振型 vibration mode振型分解法 modal analysis method震源 earthquake focus震中 earthquake epicenter自由度 degree of freedom自振周期 natural period of vibrationf. General Words for Design 设计常用词汇安装 installation, erection报价 offer, quoted price报价单 quotation壁柱 pilaster, mural column变更 alteration, variation, modification变形 deformation标高 elevation, level标准 standard, criterion标准大样 standard detail标准图 standard drawing补充规定 additional regulations补充说明 additional remarks补充条件 supplementary conditions不对称 asymmetry布置 arrangement, layout布置图 layout plan, layout 材料 material材料表 bill of materials材料强度 strength of materials参见详图 referring to detail drawing参考点 reference point参数 parameter操作平台 operating platform草图 sketch, draft, rough drawing侧向刚度 lateral rigidity侧向稳定 lateral stability侧向约束 lateral restraint侧向支撑 lateral bracing, side bracing拆除 demolition, removal长细比 slenderness ratio厂房 factory building, mill building超静定 statical indetermination承包 contract承包商 contractor等效截面 equivalent section底标高 bottom elevation电梯 lift, elevator, electric lift电梯井 elevator hoistway, lift well, lift shaft 电梯机房 elevator machine room方案 scheme, plan, programme方案设计 schematic plan方案图 schematic drawing防爆 explosion protection,explosion-proofing防潮层 damp-proof course防冻 freezing prevention, frost protection防冻剂 antifreeze compound防腐 preservation防腐剂 preservative, preservative agent防滑 slip-resistance防滑处理 deslicking treatment防滑条 non-slip insert防火 fire prevention, fire proofing防火材料 fireproof material防火分区 fire compartment防水 waterproofing防水材料 waterproof material防水砂浆 waterproof mortar防酸 acid proofing方形 square防锈 rust prevention防锈剂 anti-rust agent防振 vibration protection分配系数 distribution coefficient风化 weathering, efflorescence风向 wind direction附图 attached drawing附注 note, annotation高层建筑 high-rise building高差 difference in elevation高跨比 ratio of rise to span高宽比 depth-width ratio高耸结构 high-rise structure隔断 partition, divider工程 project, engineering工程量 quantities工程量表 bill of quantities工业厂房 industrial factory building工业建筑 industrial architecture公称直径 nominal diameter公式 formula公司 company, corporation拱 arch共振 resonance, sympathetic vibration管架 pipe rack规范 regulation, code规格 specifications, standards规模 scale, scope国家规范 national regulation国家标准 national standards合同 contract横向变形 transverse deformation横向刚度 lateral rigidity化工厂 chemical plant货梯 freight elevator, goods lift极限承载能力 ultimate bearing capacity纪要 summary计算书 calculation sheet技术资料 technical data剪刀撑, 交叉撑 X-brace, cross brace简图 sketch, diagram简支梁 simple beam交叉 intersection, crossing交点 intersection point铰接 hinged connection, hinge joint, pin connection 结构变形 structural deformation结构图 structural drawing结构形式 structural style结构稳定性 structural stability结论 conclusion, verdict截面 section界限 limits, bounds, demarcation line紧急出口 emergency exit精确度 accuracy, precision, excatitude,局部破坏 local failure, partial failure矩形 rectangular抗冻 frost resisting抗风柱 wind resistance column立面 elevation, facade粒径 particle diameter连续梁 continuous beam两铰拱 two-hinged arch裂缝 rift, crack, crevice楼梯 stair楼梯间 staircase楼梯扶手 stair rail楼梯净空 stair headroom楼梯平台, 休息平台 landing, pace, stair landing 楼梯坡度 pitch of stair, slope of stair楼梯踏步 stair step铝合金 aluminum alloy 铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window民用建筑 civil architecture摩擦 friction耐火等级 fire resistance rating耐久性 durability, endurance爬梯 cat ladder疲劳破坏 fatigue failure频率 frequency平面布置 plan layout平台 terrace, platform, deck平台栏杆 platform railing剖面 section剖面图 sectional drawing侵蚀 corrosion, erosion倾覆 overturning, toppling人孔 manhole容许误差 allowable error, permissible error容许值 permissible value, allowable value晒图 blueprinting上部结构 superstructure设计要求 design requirements设计资料 design data伸缩缝 expansion joint室外楼梯 exterior stair, outside stairway双向板 two-way slab水平撑 horizontal brace踏步 step踏步板 tread弹簧 spring填充材料 filling material填充墙 filler wall挑板 cantilever slab挑檐 projecting eaves, overhang eaves停车场 car park, parking lot通用构件 standard member通用图 standard drawing通用详图 standard detail统一标准 unified standards统一构件 unified structure element投标 bid, tender招标 bidding图集 collective drawings,collection of drawings 图签 title block温差 temperature difference稳定性 stability, steadiness污水处理 sewage disposal, sewage treatment先张法预应力 pretensioned prestressing现行标准 currently effective standards详图, 大样 detail drawing, detail橡胶止水带 rubber waterstop消防 firefighting, fire protection斜率 slope卸荷 unloading卸货平台 discharging platform, unloading platform 悬臂 cantilever悬臂板 cantilever slab悬臂梁 cantilever beam, overhanging beam悬挂 hanging suspension压缩机 compressor压缩模量 modulus of compression延性 ductility, ductileness业主 client, owner一览表 table, schedule, list有效截面 effective section预应力损失 loss of prestress,prestressing loss圆形 circular shape, round圆柱 circular column, round column约束 confinement, restraint, constraint约束条件 constrain condition展开图 developed drawing栈桥 landing stage, loading bridge罩棚 awning折减系数 reduction factor折算高度 reduced height支座 support, pedestal直爬梯 vertical ladder止水带 water stop中和轴 neutral axis重心 center of gravity周期 period, cycle转弯半径 turning radius转动惯量 rotational inertia装卸平台 loading and unloading platformg. General Words for Construction 施工常用词汇拌和料 mixture标准级配 standard grading补强 strengthening, stiffening测量 survey, measurement拆模 form removal尺寸 dimension, size抄平 leveling处理 treatment搭接 lap joint, lapping, overlap joint搭接长度 splicing length打底 bedding, priming打夯, 夯实 ramming, tamping打桩 pile driving, piling, driving粗砂 coarse sand捣实 rodding, tamping地质勘测 geological exploration,geological survey 吊装 hoisting定位 locating, positioning堆料区 stacking area洞口 opening放大 enlargement, amplification放线 setting out放样 lofting, setting out分层夯实 compaction in layers分层回填 back-filling in layers蜂窝麻面 voids and pits改建 reconstruction, alteration改造 transformation, remodeling 钢模 steel mould钢套管 steel thimble, steel sleeve工厂预制构件 factory-made component骨料, 集料 aggregate骨料级配 gradation of aggregate骨料粒径 aggregate size贯入度 penetration灌浆 grouting, grout jection和易性 workability后张法 post-tensioning method含水量 water content, moisture content混凝土剥落 scaling of concrete混凝土外加剂 concrete additive, concrete agent 混凝土浇筑 pouring of concrete级配 gradation, grading加固 reinforcement, strengthening加腋 haunching间距 spacing, pit建设 building, construction建筑安装工程 construction and installation work 建筑材料 building materials建筑结构 building structure建筑设计院 architecture design institute建筑施工 building construction检修人孔 inspection manhole浇筑 pouring, placing, depositing脚手架 scaffold, scaffolding结构标高 structural elevation进度估计 progress estimate净高 clear height净距 clear distance净空 clearance绝对标高 absolute elevation, absolute level竣工 completion竣工图“As Built” drawing开工 commencement of work扩建 extension, enlargement离析 segregation临时设施 construction site facilities临时道路 temporary road麻面 hungry spots埋入长度 embedment length面层 coat, coating抹灰 plastering, rendering抹灰面层 finish plaster模板 form, shutter board模板工程 formwork喷涂 spray coating, spraying膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt, expansion anchor平整 leveling平整场地 leveling of ground坡道, 斜坡道 ramp, slope ramp, slope way起吊 hoisting砂浆 mortar升板 lift slab升板法施工 lift slab construction施工 construction施工单位 construction organization施工缝 construction joint, working joint施工图 construction drawing时效 aging试样 sample, test sample收缩 shrinkage, contraction水灰比 water-cement ratio水泥 cement水泥抹面 cement plaster水泥砂浆 cement mortar水泥砂浆找平 cement mortar screeding坍落度 slump梯子 ladder, stepladder提升模板climbing form,climbing shuttering温度缝 temperature joint误差 error, inaccuracy细骨料 fine aggregate细石混凝土 fine concrete现场预制 site prefabrication现浇混凝土 cast-in-place concrete相对标高 relative elevation, relative level徐变 creep养护 curing永久变形 permanent deformation预留孔 preformed hole, prepared hole预埋件 embedded parts, embedded inserts预埋螺栓 embedded bolt, inserted bolt找平 leveling, screeding找平层 leveling coat, leveling course振捣 vibration振捣棒 poker vibration, vibrating needle, vibrator 支模 form erecting, erection of shuttering最佳级配 optimum gradation坐标 coordinate。

建筑结构英语常用词汇．建筑、结构专业常用英文词汇建筑面积密度总体设计building General design Density ofarea设计依据竖向布置Design basis Vertical planning 建筑红线高程Building lineAltitude 建筑系数等高线Coefficient of building Contour line occupation界区相对标高Relative elevation Battery limited绝对标高有效面积Absolutealtitude Effective area地震基本烈度使用面积earthquake Usable area Basicintensity结构面积抗震设防烈度Structural areaFortification intensity 建筑面积风玫瑰Building area3Natural lighting Wind rose建筑朝向人工照明light;Artificant Building orientation artificial illumination建筑间距照度Building distance Degree of illumination 公顷通风HectareVentilation 指北针正压通风North arrowPositive ventilating 测北噪声Geophical northNoise 建北隔声Plant north Sound insulation 气象吸声MeteorologySound absorption日照保温隔热Heat insulation Sunshine露点天然采光．4Sketch Dewpoint冷桥透视图Perspective drawing Cold-bridge遮阳建筑构图Architectural Sunshadecomposition恒温恒湿坐标temperature Constant Coordinate & constant humidity 纵坐标消声Ordinate elimination;Noisenoise reduction横坐标Abscissa防振跨度antivibration Span建筑一般词汇4.2 开关Conventional terms of Bayarchitecture进深方案DepthScheme; draft 层高草图5Stair well Floor height封闭楼梯间净高Enclosure staircase Clear height; headroom防烟楼梯间横数preventionSmokestair wellModule; modulus消防电梯间裙房elevators Skirt building Emergencywell楼梯自动扶梯StairEscalator 梯段中庭Stair slab Atrium 楼梯平台疏散走道Stair landingcorridor; Escape 安全出口escape waySafety exit耐火等级疏散楼梯Fire-resistive grade Escape staircase生产类别楼梯间．6Retaining wall Classification of production填充墙耐火极限Filler wallofDuration 围护墙fire-resistance Curtain wall; cladding防火间距wall; enclosure wallFile-break distance 女儿墙泄压面积Parapet wallpressureofArea 隔墙releasePartition闷顶（浴室、厕所）隔断Mezanine; mezzanine Stall砖标号窗间墙brick;Grade ofPierstrength of brick墙垛承重墙PillarBearing wall 过梁非承重墙LintelNon-bearing wall 圈梁挡土墙．7Gird; girt; girth 预埋件防潮层Embedded insertsDamp-proof course 直抓梯勒脚LadderPlinth 栏杆横梁Railing Transverse beam 防腐蚀纵横resistant;CorrosionAnticorrosionLongitudinal wall山墙化学溶蚀Chemical erosion Gable; gable wall膨胀腐蚀防火墙Expansion corrosion Fire wall 压顶化学腐蚀Chemical corrosion Coping勾缝电化学腐蚀Electro-chemical Pointingcorrosion砖砌平拱晶间腐蚀Brick flat arch8Intergranular 灰土corrosion Lime-soil气相腐蚀素混凝土Gaseous corrosion Plain concrete液相腐蚀钢筋混凝土Liquidoid corrosion Reinforced固相腐蚀concrete(R.C)Solid corrosion 细石混凝土腐蚀裕度aggregateFineconcretefor Allowancecorrosion轻质混凝土锈蚀Lightweight concreterusting 加气混凝土 4.3 建筑材料Aerocrete Aerocrete;concreteBuilding materials陶粒混凝土级配砂石Ceramsite concrete Graded sand & gravel素土夯实水泥膨胀珍珠岩expended & Cement Rammed earth9pearlite缸砖岩棉guarry brickmine Mineral wool; 锦砖wool mosac沥青地面砖asphalt paving brick 卷材防滑地砖Felt non-slip brick 玛蹄脂耐酸砖（板）Asphalt mastic acidbrick (acidtile)粘土砖胶泥Clay brick mastic釉面砖粘土瓦enamelPorcelain Cloy tilebrick玻璃瓦空心砖enamelled tile Hollow brick 波形镀锌钢板砌块corrugate galvanizedBlocksteel sheet10artificial stone 玻璃钢瓦大理石reinforced glass-fibermarble plastic tile水泥砂浆抹面彩色压型钢（铅）板cement plaster coloured corrugate steel (aluminium) plat; 石灰砂浆抹面colouredprofiuing lime plasterstccl (aluminium) plat水泥石灰砂浆抹面石棉水泥瓦cement-lime plasterashestos-cement sheet 刀灰打底水磨石as and lime hemp-cutterrajjo base水刷石原木granite plaster Log花岗石方木granite square timber 磨光花岗石板材polished granite plank剁斧石胶合板11plywood 中空玻璃三夹板hollow glass3plywood 钢化玻璃五夹板reinforced glass5plywood 镀膜玻璃平板玻璃coating glassflat glass 有机玻璃浮法玻璃organic glassfloat-process glass 建筑构造及配件4.4磨砂玻璃construction Building& component frosted ground glass; glass铺砌起玻璃pavingprism glass 地坪夹丝玻璃grade Wire glass 基层 bedding夹层玻璃素土夯实sandwich glass rammed earth12Window moulding 垫层护角base curb guard 结合层防水层bonding coursewater-proof course 面层找平层CoveringLeveling course 隔离层隔热层insulation courseheat insulation course 活动地板保温层movable raising floor; insulationthermal floor; access floor course篦子板檩条purlin grating天窗地面提示块skylight ground prompt遮阳板天棚ceiling sunshade吊顶窗套．13suspending ceiling 檐沟吊顶龙骨eave gutterceiling joist 汇水面积雨水口catchment areadrain gulley 雨罩水斗canopy Lead head 散水雨水管apron Leader; downspout 坡道天沟ramp Valley 台阶挑檐entrance steps overhanging eave 保温门檐口insulationthermaldooreave隔声门（窗）泛水door insulation flashing sound(window);分水线door acousticalwatershed14(window)(window)防火门（窗）壁柜门closet door fire door (window)冷藏门变压器间门roomtransformer freezer doordoor安全门围墙门exit doorgate 防护门（窗）车库门door protectiongarage door (window)保险门屏蔽门（窗）safe door Shield door (window)防风砂门引风门ventilation door radiation resistingdoor (window)检修门密闭门（窗）access door weather tight door 平开门（窗）泄压门（窗）side-hung doordoorrelease pressure 推拉门（窗）．15panel door sliding door弹簧门镶玻璃门glazed door swing door折迭门玻璃门glass door folding door卷帘门钢木门steel & wooden door rolling door转门百页门shutter door revolving door连窗门夹板门door with side window plywood door拼板门传递窗delivery window FLB door (framed,battenedLedged and观察窗door);observation windowmatchboard door 换气窗实拼门vent sastsolid door 上悬窗镶板门top-hung window16attached sash window 中悬窗组合窗center-pivotedcomposite window window落地窗下悬窗French windowbottom-hung window玻璃幕墙立转窗glazed curtain wall pivotedverticallywindow门（窗）框固定窗door (window) frame fixed window 拼樘料单层窗，）transom （横single window （竖）mullion双层窗门（窗）扇double window door (window) leaf百页窗casement 开窗扇平(shutter sash)带形窗纱扇continuous window screen sash子母扇窗亮子．17transom, fanlight 撑档门心板catchpancl 滑道披水板sliding track weather board 插销贴脸板bolttrim 拉手筒子板pullLining 推板窗台板push platesill plate 门锁防护铁栅door lock; morticelock grille; barricade; iron grating执手锁合页withlockmorticeknob hinges; butt butts;hinges4.5 建筑结构执手Buildingstructureknob荷载4.5.118Concentrated Load Load活荷载分布荷载Distributed Load Live load静荷载，恒载设计荷载Design Load Dead load静力荷载轴向荷载Axial Load Static load移动荷载偏心荷载Eccentric Load Moving load风荷载动力荷载Wind Load Dynamic load冲击荷载风力、风压impact load Wind 、force Wind附加荷载PressureSuperimposed load 雪荷载（又称标准荷规定荷载Snow Load载）屋面积灰荷载Roof ash Load Specified Load（吊车）最大轮压集中荷载19WheelMaximum 容许荷载LoadLoad,Admissible吊车荷载Allowable Load safe Load Crane Load 极限荷载安装荷载Ultimate LoadErection Load 条形荷载施工荷载Strip LoadConstruction Load 破坏荷载不对称荷载Failure Load, Load atfailureUnsymmetricalLoading地震荷载重复荷载Load; Seismic Earthquake loadRepeated Load刚性荷载荷载组合Combination of load Rigid Load4.5.2 地基和基础柔性荷载Soil and foundation Flexible Load临界荷载地基(Bed)soil Critical Load20独立基础天然地基footing,IndividualNatural groundIsolated foundation人工地基Pad foundationArtificial ground联合基础混凝土基础Combined footing foundation; Concrete大块式基础Concrete footing Massive foundation 毛石基础条形基础masonryRubblefoundation;footing;StripStrip footing(Rubble) stone footing footing;Strap 砖基础Continuous footing Brickwork footing方形基础桩基础Square footing Pile foundation杯形基础设备基础Footing socket Equipment foundation板式基础机器基础MatSlab-foundation; Machine foundationfooting21Footing Foundation 阶梯形基础基槽foundation;Steppedditch;Benched foundationFoundationFoundation trench(Stepped footing)基坑扩展基础Foundation pit spread footing基础板扩底基础Foundation slab Under-reamedfoundation基础梁浮伐基地beam Foundation Footing beamfoundation; RaftBuoyant foundation基础底面Floating foundation Foundation base沉箱（井）基础基础底板Caisson foundation Foundation mat构架式基础基础垫层Framefoundation Foundation-bed深基础基础埋置深度Deep foundation embedmentof Depth基础．22LimeLime foundationpile;column; Quicklime pile地下连续墙单桩UndelgroundSingle pile continuous wall打桩群桩PilePile driving group;Pilecluster打桩机斜桩PilePile engine;Batter pile driver; Ram mactuine 预制桩钢桩precast pile Steel pile水桩灌注桩pile;Timber In-situ pile; WoodCast-in-place pilepilepile;Cast-in-situ 钢筋混凝土桩Fillingpileconcrete Reinforced板桩pilesheet pile 砂桩拆密桩Sand pile Compaction pile石灰桩．23。

A.O.D 有偏差接收Accessory 附件accessory附件ACCOUNTING 会计Accounting 会计Actuate switch 启动开关Adapter 火牛adaptor 火牛Adhesive tape 胶粘带Adjustor调节器Agitator 搅拌器Air intel进气口Aluminum foil tape 铝箔带Anchor锚aperance 外观Appearance外观approve 认可Approve认可AQL 允收水准Armature电枢/转子assembly 部件Assembly装配B.O.M 物料清单Ball holder铜珠套筒bar 杆bar code 条形码Bar code 条形码Barbed connector 有倒扣的连接片Bar棒Battery cave cover电池盒/盖Battery cave电池底壳Battery tag电池片battery电池Battery电池bearing 轴承Bearing-lock轴承-锁Bearing轴承belt 皮带Belt皮带bit 铁嘴Bit guard防护罩Bit storage批嘴储存件Bit铁嘴Blocks 量块Block量块BMC 工具盒Bottle connector瓶口连接Bottom cabinet-charger充电座底壳bottom 底部Bottom底部Box 箱BOX 组件Box 组件Bracket固定架/支架Brand label商标贴纸Bristle brush毛刷Bristle holder毛刷(柄)Brush roller 毛刷巻轴Brush刷子/碳刷Bubble lever 水平珠Bucket箱Bulb reflector 电灯反射器Bulb support电灯泡支撑座Bundle捆/扎burr 毛刺Burr毛刺bush 轴套Bushing-bearing lock轴套锁製Bushing-case adaptor轴套外套适配器Bush-output shaft带轴套的输出轴Bush轴套button 按钮Button按钮cabinet 壳Cabinet-cover面壳Cabinet-support底壳Cabinet壳cable 电缆Cable clamp plate电线夹片Cable电缆Calibration校正Calibration校正Caliper 卡尺Caliper卡尺Cam plate偏心片Cam凸轮cap (帽，杯)Cap杯帽Carbon film resistor碳膜电阻Card 卡片Card卡片Carrying strip手带carton 箱Carton箱case 箱Case箱cavity 模腔Cavity模腔cell电池Cell电池Charger bracket充电座支架charger 充电座/器Charger充电器check 检查chuck 锁头Circuit ass'y循环装置comformity 合格cord 电线cover 上盖current 电流cycle 循环defect 缺陷description名称Dial indication 百分表die cast 铸件dimention 尺寸dispose 处理{{分页}}Drill 电钻driver 电批electric 电气件Fasten-knob钮扣状旋钮Felt seal毛毡封Ferrite bead磁珠Fibre glass sleeve玻纤套Field 定子线圈Filler填空件Filter bag bracker 过滤袋支架Filter frame过滤栏架filter 滤网Filter过滤器finished 表面处理Finished完成的First layer internal gear第一层内齿轮圈First layer sun gear第一层行星齿轮fitting 装配Fitting装置fit配合Fit配合flash 披锋Flash闪光flex hose 软管Flex hose弯管flow mark 流痕Flow mark流痕Foam holder泡沫支架force 力Force力freouency频数Frequency频率Front cover cabinet 前面壳Front grill前脚架Front housing-gear box牙箱前壳Front support cabinet前底壳Function功能fuse 保险丝Fuse clip保险管夹Fuse P.C.B ass'y 保险丝底板组件Fuse保险丝futtonal 功能Gasket 垫片/圈gate 水口Gate水口Gauge 量规Gauge量规gear 齿轮Gear box adaptor牙箱调整装置Gear box housing 牙箱壳Gear housing cover牙箱盖Gear齿轮Gift box 彩盒go-no go 通尺规Go-no go gauge通止规Grass trimmer剪草机Grease leak 漏油Grease油脂Handle catch手柄扣Handle grip手柄hardness 硬度Hardness硬度Heat sink散热器Heat treatment 热处理Hex nut六角螺帽HI-POT高压测试Hi-pot高压测试holder 支座Holder cover支座盖Holder支座Hole test 内径千分尺Hose elbow弯管Hose wrap plate软管扎带Housing cover机壳上盖Housing handle机壳手柄Housing support机壳底座housing 壳Housing壳I.N.T接触不良I.R 检查报告IC集成电路Idler gear-A变速齿轮"A"Idler gear-B变速齿轮"B"Idler shaftImpact drill(cap)冲击钻(杯) impeller风扇Impeller风扇叶Indicator cover指示器盖Indicator switch knob指示开关旋钮injection注射Injection注射Insert refill bottle插入式替换瓶insert(型，芯)Insert型芯/插入inspection 检验Inspection检验Instruction manual 说明书Instruction manual说明书Instrument 仪器Instrument仪器Insultator绝缘体Inverted retaining ring 反向保持介子key 锁匙Key holder锁匙支架Key锁匙Label 标签Label标签Lanyard手带Latch锁扣/门锁Led发光二极管Left head screw左牙螺丝Lens透镜Leveler accessory水平珠组件Leveler body水平珠本体Leveler cover水平珠盖Lever oil水平珠油Lever-speed change调速杆Lever控制杆Location spacer定位隔离器Louver天窗Lubricant润滑油M.O 订单Machine screw机器螺丝mark 标记Mark 标记Massage ring按摩环material 材料Material材料metal 金属Metal washer ring 金属介子Metal金属{{分页}}micpo meter 千分尺Micrometer千分尺miltimeter 万用表model 型号Model型号motor 电机Motor accessory马达组件Motor bracket 马达支架Motor fixity-external马达外定位件Motor fixity-internal马达内定位件Motor mounting bracket马达定位架Motor mounting马达定位Motor pulley 马达滑轮Mounting plate杯片Multimeter 万用表nameplate 铭牌Nameplate 铭牌nonconformity 不合格Nonconformity不合格/不一致nut 螺母Nut 螺母o-ring 胶圈output shaft 轴芯，输出轴Oven 烤炉oven 烤炉P&A 人事P.C.B 电路板p/p cover电池盒上座p/p support 电池盒底座Packing 包装packing包装part line 分型线part line分型线part 零件part 零件pedestal台座，基座，垫座PIE 生产工业工程pin 小轴pin gauge 芯棒pin gauge芯棒pinion 小齿轮pinion-motor马达牙仔pinion小齿轮pin销Pivot tube 转轴套plain washer-motor平面介子plant gear 行星齿轮plastic gear塑胶齿轮plastic tape胶纸plastic washer胶介子Plastic 塑胶plastic塑料plate 片plate片plug插头plug插头PMC 物料控制Poly bag 塑料袋Poly bag 塑料袋powder metal 粉末冶金powder metal粉末冶金Power pack 电池组power pack电池组power功率power功率Project management项目管理projector 投影仪projector 投影仪Pulley flange 滑轮法兰pulley flange泵翼pump vane采购purchasing 采购purchasing按钮push rod推杆PVC sleevePVC tubeQA 质量保证QC 质量控制R&D 工程研发R.O. 接收单Ratchet plate转轮片Ratchet 转轮rating 额定值Rating额定值Rear cover cabinet后面盖Rear housing-gear box牙箱后壳Rear support cabinet后底盖Receptacle 插座Rectifier整流器Recycling label环保标签Reflector cap反光杯reject 退货Reject退货remark 注释Remark备注/注释resistor电阻Resistor电阻Reverse反向revise 更改Revise更改rework 加工Rework加工ring 垫圈Ring bolt有环螺钉Ring gear内齿轮圈Ring垫圈Rocker switch摇杆开关roller 转子Roller滚筒/辊子Rotary cap旋转杯Rotor转子run out摆动/跳动Run-out跳动rusty 铸跡rusty生锈的Safety switch安全开关sampling 抽样Sampling抽样Sander base磨沙机底座Scrap报废scratch刮花Scratch刮花screw 螺丝Screwdriver bit批嘴Screwdriver电批Screw螺丝SDS来货检验资料{{分页}}Second layer internal gear第二层内齿轮圈Second layer planet gear第二层行星齿轮Second layer run gear第二层恒星齿轮Secondary blower flangeSelf-tapping screw自攻螺丝SER 样本评估报告shaft 轴Shaft轴芯sharp edge 尖缘Sharp edge锐边sheet 纸Sheet 纸/表格Shrinkable sleeve热缩管silk screen 丝印Silkscreen 丝印sinkage 缩水Sinkage缩水Sketch 简图Sketch简图Sleeve套子Sliding rod滑动杆Socket (jack)插座socket插座Solution tank溶解槽sort 拣货Sort分类Spacer隔离件speed 速度Speed change knob变速钮Speed速度Spindle gear-A转动齿轮"A" Spindle gear-B转动齿轮"B" spindle轴芯Spindle轴芯Spine-ball刺珠Sponge海绵Spotter nozzle定心喷嘴Spring clip弹性夹子Spring plate弹弓片Spring washer弹性介子spring 弹弓Spring-torque control扭力控制弹簧Spring弹弓Stator定子Steel roller钢辊子Stopper-motor马达制动Stopper-right右制动Sun gear恒星/太阳齿轮support 下盖Support cabinet下壳Support下盖switch 开关Switch button (knob)开关按钮Switch lock锁掣Switch 开关tape 带Tape带Tapping type攻牙形式Terminal holder接触片支座Terminal接触片terms 术语Term术语/期间testure 纹理Thermal protector热保护器Thermal-fuse热感应保险丝Thermostat热敏开关Third layer internal gear第三层内齿轮圈Third layer planet gear第三层行星齿轮Third layer sun gear 第三层恒星齿轮thread 螺纹Thread 螺纹timer定时器Timer定时器Tolerance 公差Tolerance 公差top 上部Top cabinet-charger 充电座面壳Top上部toque 扭矩torque meter 扭力表Torque control knob 扭力调节器Torque meter扭力表Torque 扭矩Transformer变压器treatment 热处理trimmer 剪草机Twisting screwdriver螺旋形电批UL approvel power cord UL认可的电线UL wire AWG 16 black UL16号黑色电线UL wire AWG 16 red UL16号红色电线Unit & accessory主机及附件urgent 紧急Urgent紧急U-spring U型弹弓vacuum cleaner 吸尘器Vacuum cleaner真空吸尘器Variable speed switch变速开关vibration 振动Vibration振动Voltage电压voltage电压W/o battery paper sleeve 无纸套电池Wall anchors挂墙胶条washer 垫片Washer ring-motor马达介子Washer-ball cover玻璃盖处的介子Washer-clutch扭力杯处的介子Washer-ring环形介子Washer垫片weld line 夹水纹Zener diode齐纳二极管。

结构专业常用英语词汇及短语Words and vocabularies frequently used in structure design地基/Ground soil/subgrade相对标高/reference level, 绝对标高/absolute level地面标高/ground level, 室内标高/indoor level室外标高/outdoor level场地/site, 现场/field，施工/construction, 开挖/excavation, 不良地质/hazardous geology, 不均匀沉降/differential settlement, 滑坡/land slide, 泥石流/soilfluction, 滚石/rolling stone地质勘察/geology survey, 地勘报告/geology report, 施工勘察/geology survey during construction 持力层/bearing layer, 承载力/bearing capacity基础埋深/embedment depth of foundation. 基坑/foundation pit, 基坑支护/protection of foundation pit淤泥/silt , 扰动/disturb, 用…換填/replaced by…, 级配砂石/graded sand and crushed stone砂/sand, 密实/dense, 松散/loose, 稍密/slightly dense, 中密/medium dense，液化/liquefaction黏土/clay, 可塑状/plastic, 坚硬/hardened黄土/loess, 湿陷性/collapsible, 膨胀性/expansionary, 消除液化/eliminate liquefaction, 消除湿陷性/eliminate collapsibility, 探明基底以下不良地质/discover hazardous geology below foundation冻土/frost soil, 标准冻土深度/standard frost penetration标准贯入度/SPT, 载荷板试验/load plate test, 地基处理/soil treatment回填土应分层夯实，分层厚度不大于300mm，压实系数应达到0.95，承载力应达到150kpa。

结构专业常⽤英语词汇结构专业常⽤英语词汇1. ⼀般术语房屋建筑⼯程building engineering ⼟⽊⼯程civil engineering 建构筑物construction works 结构structure基础foundation地基ground; foundation soils ⽊结构timber structure 砌体结构masonry structure 钢结构steel structure 混凝⼟结构concrete structure 特种结构special engineering structure房屋建筑building⼯业建筑industrial building 民⽤建筑civil building⽔⼯建筑物marine structure 剪⼒墙结构shear wall structure 混合结构mixed structure 板柱结构slab-column system 框架结构frame structure 壳结构shell structure 拱结构arch strucuture桁架结构truss⽹架结构space grid structure 悬索结构cable-suspended structure 框架-剪⼒墙结构frame-shear wallstructure筒体结构tube structure ⾼耸结构high-rise structure 斜拉桥cable stayed bridge 悬索桥suspension bridge 桁架桥trussed bridge 拱桥arch bridge 引桥approach span 桥墩pier 隧道tunnel 混凝⼟坝concrete dam 渠道channel2. 结构构件构件member 部件component; assembly parts 梁beam截⾯section 板slab; plate 柱column 墙wall 壳shell 桁架truss框架frame刚架rigid frame排架bent frame简⽀梁 simply supported beam 悬臂梁cantilever beam 连续梁continuous beam 叠合梁superposed beam 伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint 截⽔沟(天沟)catch ditch;intercepting channel 排⽔沟 drainage ditch 护坡slope protection;revetment 挡⼟墙retaining wall ⽌⽔sealing; seal;节点joint 桩pile沉降缝settlement joint 防震缝aseismic joint施⼯缝construction joint基础梁foundation beam桩承台pile cap; bearing platform底板 bottom slab⽔池顶板basin top slab现浇墙板cast-in-place wall panel预制墙板pre-cast wall panel钢筋混凝⼟框架reinforced concreteframe钢筋混凝⼟柱reinforced concretecolumn先张法预应⼒混凝⼟管桩pretensioned spunconcrete piles钢筋混凝⼟现浇板cast-in-placereinforced concreteslab斜梁 stringer平台梁 beams of platform⼥⼉墙 parapet⼈孔盖板 manhole cover集⽔坑catchment pit溢流槽 flood relief channel 爬梯 ladder⽜腿 bracket仪表槽盒⽀架instrument trench support电缆⽀架cable trench support ⽀撑brace⽀架support3. 结构材料预埋件embedded plate钢板steel plate钢圆环 steel ring plate⾬⽔篦⼦板 rain water grating 钢筋reinforcing bar I 级 grade I热轧光圆钢筋hot rolled plainsteel bars热轧带肋钢筋hot rolled ribbedsteel bars插筋anchor rebar钢筋锚固长度bond length of rebars钢筋搭接bar splicing箍筋stirrup纵向钢筋longitudinal bar弯起钢筋bent-up bar钢筋间距rod spacing;bar spacing搭接长度overlapping length胀锚螺栓 expansion bolts螺母nut锚栓anchor bolt地脚螺栓foundation boltM30六⾓螺帽M30 six angle screw cap外露100，丝扣80outcrop 100mm，thread 80mm 垫⽚ washer C40混凝⼟C40 concrete: class 40早强剂early-strength admixture细⽯混凝⼟fine aggregate concrete防冻附加剂antifreeze admixture配合⽐mixture ratio抗渗等级P8 seepage class:抗压强度compression strength混凝⼟保护层厚度minimum concrete cover普通硅酸盐⽔泥ordinary portland cement 砂sand卵⽯pebble碎⽯crushed stone砾⽯gravel⾻料aggregate⽔泥cement粘⼟砖clay brick 垫层cushion4. 地基基础扩展基础spread foundation地基ground,foundation soils 刚性基础rigid foundation 独⽴基础single footing 联合基础combined footing 条形基础strip founcation 壳体基础shell foundation 箱形基础box foundation 筏形基础raft foundation 桩基础pile foundation沉井基础open caisson foundation ⼤直径桩基础cylinder pile foundation ⼟岩组合地基soil-rock composite ground地基允许变形值allowable subsoil deformation地基处理ground treatment 复合地基composite foundation 强夯dynamic compaction ⽀档结构retaining structure 基坑⼯程excavation engineering ⾼应变动⼒检测high strain dynamic testing of piles 单桩竖向抗压静载试验vertical compression bearing capacity static test for single pile 单桩⽔平静载试验lateral bearing capacitystatic test for single pile 单桩竖向抗拔静载试验vertical up-lifting bearing capacitystatic test for single pile 单桩竖向抗压极限承载⼒vertical ultimatecompress bearing capacity of a singlepile 桩侧摩阻⼒skin friction resistance 桩顶⽔平位移lateral displacement 桩端阻⼒end bearing resistance 单桩静载试验static test of single pile 单桩⽔平极限承载⼒ultimate lateral bearing capacity for a single pile 单桩竖向抗拔极限承载⼒ultimate vertical up-lifting bearing capacityfor a single pile 素填⼟ Plain Fill 粉⼟ Silt 粉质粘⼟ Silty Clay 淤泥质粉质粘⼟Sludgy Silty Clay 粉砂Silty Sand ⾼压缩性 high compressibility 中粗砂medium sand 中等压缩性 medium compressibility 中细砂fine sand 低压缩性 low compressibility 可塑~硬塑状态 plastic-hard plastic 泥质粉砂岩 Muddy Silty stone 流塑状态 flow plastic 粉砂质泥岩 Silty mudstone 局部软塑状态 partly soft plastic 泥岩 Mudstone 饱和saturated 强风化 high weathered 松散incompact 中等风化 medium weathered 轻微裂缝 slight defective pile 断桩 breakage of pile 桩⾝完整 pile of body integrity 缩颈 pile diameter reduction 缺陷 defect 压缩系数coefficient of compressibility 渗流seepage flow 内聚⼒（粘聚⼒） cohesion5. 钢结构钢结构 steel structure底漆 paint primer涂层 coating中间漆intermediate painting 油漆，涂料 paint⾯漆 finish coat流坠 hanging透底 disclosure皱⽪ wrinkle漏涂 miss painting返锈 rust again漆膜厚度 film thickness结构构件 structural member垂直⽀撑vertical bracing桁架 truss⼩⽴柱 postWA325钢格栅板 WA325 grating斜梁 stringer踏步板 treads钢梯 steel stairway踏步钢格板 grating for stair tread斜梯栏杆 guard rails不锈钢栏杆 stainless steel handrail预制场地 prefabrication area 平台栏杆 GR of platform原材料 raw material半成品 semi-finished goods除锈 remove rust, cleaning 切割 cutting喷砂 sand blasting打磨坡⼝ grinding型钢 section steel热轧⼯字钢hot-rolled I-beam steel热轧钢板 hot-rolled plates热轧不等边⾓钢hot-rolled unequal-legangle steel热轧等边⾓钢hot-rolled equal-legangle steel热轧H型钢hot-rolled H steel热轧槽钢hot-rolled channel steel ⽆缝钢管 seamless steel pipes扁钢 strap steel 不锈钢板 stainless steel plate垂直度 verticality分⽚组装be assembled by sections现场成框 framed at site焊缝 weld seam V型坡⼝V-type bevel焊缝⾼度 weld height焊枪 welding gun焊缝长度 weld length焊机 welding machine⽓焊 gas welding 焊炬 welding torch电焊 electric welding ⾃动和半⾃动电弧焊automatic andsemi-automatic welding ⼿⼯焊 hand welding对焊 butt welding 焊条weld rod, electrode ⾓焊缝 fillet 间断焊接 gap welding 咬边 undercut 针孔 pinhole 夹渣 slag裂纹 crack烧穿 burning out 漏焊 losing welding 弧坑 concavity 未焊透lack of fusion 打磨 grind⽕焰切割 torch cutting 喷砂除锈The sand blasting 机械钻孔drill by machine预拉⼒ prestressed ⾼强度⼤六⾓头螺栓Set of big hexagonalhigh-strength bolt 抗滑移系数Slide coefficient of faying surface 扭矩系数torsional moment coefficient终拧扭矩final torsional moment6. 荷载、强度、可靠度剪⼒shear 剪切变形shear deformation压⼒pressure 延伸率percentage of elongation 剪切模量shear modulus 拉⼒tension 应⼒stress 应变strain应⼒集中concentration of stress 应⼒松弛stress relaxation 应⼒图stress diagram 应⼒状态state of stress位移 displacement 弹性变形 elastic deformation 变形 deformation 塑性变形 plastic deformation 应变 strain 剪应变 shear strain 线应变 linear strain 主应变 principal strain 轴向⼒ normal force 主应⼒ principal stress 正应⼒ normal stress 预应⼒prestress应⼒应变曲线stress-strain curve 裂缝crack抗压强度compressive strength 抗弯强度bending strength 抗扭强度torsional strength 抗拉强度tensile strength 屈服yield屈服点yield point屈服荷载yield load 屈服极限limit of yielding 屈服强度yield strength 屈服强度下限lower limit of yield 荷载load横截⾯section, cross 承载⼒bearing capacity 承重结构bearing structure 弹性模量elastic modulus 塑性plasticity延性ductileity受弯构件member in bending轴向拉⼒axial tension受拉区tensile region可靠性reliability受压区compressive region粘结⼒cohesive force配筋率reinforcement ratio偏⼼受拉eccentric tension配箍率stirrup ratio偏⼼受压eccentric compression泊松⽐Poisson’s ratio偏⼼距eccentric distance跨度span疲劳强度fatigue strength跨⾼⽐span-to-depth ratio偏⼼荷载eccentric load设计限值 limiting design value截⾯宽度 breadth of section截⾯⾼度 height of section截⾯厚度 thickness of section截⾯直径 diameter of section截⾯⾯积 area of section截⾯周长 perimeter of section截⾯模量（抵抗矩） section modulus截⾯惯性矩 second moment of area截⾯极惯性矩polar second moment of area 截⾯回转半径 radius of gyration长细⽐slenderness ratio偏⼼矩 eccentricity偏⼼率 relative ecdentricity振动 vibration⾃振频率 natural frequency加速度 acceleration振周期natural period of vibration 频率 frequency振幅 amplitude of vibration⾃由度 degree of freedom振型 mode of vibration阻尼 damp共振 resonance强迫振动 forced vibration设计荷载design load挠度deflection设计强度design strength构造construction脆性破坏brittle failure延性破坏ductile failure可靠性 reliability适⽤性 serviceability安全性 safety耐久性 durability设计基准期 design reference period可靠概率 probability of survival可靠指标 reliability index失效概率 probability of failure概率设计法 probabilistic method极限状态设计法 limit states method容许应⼒设计法 permissible stressesmethod正常使⽤极限状态serviceability limitstates承载能⼒极限状态 ultimate limit states极限状态 limit states分项系数 partial safety factor体分布⼒ force per unit volume 作⽤ action⼒矩 moment of force线分布⼒ force per unit length永久作⽤ permanent action⾯分布⼒ force per unit area可变作⽤ variable action偶然作⽤ accidental action静态作⽤ static action固定作⽤ fixed adtion动态作⽤ dynamic action⾃重 self weight温度作⽤ temperature action施⼯荷载 site load地震作⽤ earthquake action⼟压⼒ earth pressure⽔压⼒ water pressure风荷载 wind load雪荷载 snow load风振 wind vibration吊车荷载crane load屋⾯活荷载floor live load浮⼒ buoyance浪压⼒（波浪⼒） wave pressure泥沙压⼒ silt pressute冰压⼒ ice pressure冻胀⼒ frost heave force静⽔压强 hydro-static pressure静⽔总压⼒total hydro-static pressure 动⽔压强 hydro-dynamic pressure压⼒⽔头 pressure head作⽤代表值 representative valueof an action作⽤准永久值quasi-permanent valueof an action作⽤标准值 characteristic valueof an action作⽤组合值combination value ofactions作⽤设计值 design value of anaction作⽤效应 effects of actions作⽤组合值系数coeffcient forcombination value ofactions作⽤效应系数coefficient of effectsof actions作⽤效应基本组合 fundamentalcombination foraction effects短期效应组合combination for short-term action effects作⽤效应偶然组合 accidentalcombination foraction effects长期效应组合combination for long-term action effects轴线axes标⾼elevation; datum mark坐标coordinate基准点，标⾼datum mark中⼼标⾼center elevation绝对标⾼absolute elevation相对标⾼relative elevation平⾯控制plane control⾼程控制elevation control⽔准点bench mark经纬仪transit坐标控制点coordinate control points ⽔准仪surveyor level测杆surveying rod 钢卷尺steel tape测距仪range finder7. ⼟建施⼯挖掘 excavate履带式推⼟机crawler dozer挖⼟机 excavator履带式起重机crawler crane反铲挖⼟机 back digger压路机 road roller挖沟机 trench digger翻⽃车 tipping skip铲运机 scraper⾃卸卡车 dumping truck洒⽔车 sprinkler回填 back fill⼟⽅⼯程 earth work蛙式打夯机 frog rammer钢筋切断机 bar cutter钢筋弯曲机 angle--bender基坑foundation pit双排竖管脚⼿架independent scaffold脚⼿架scaffold管⼦脚⼿架pipe scaffold 单排竖管脚⼿架putlog scaffold 满堂脚⼿架full framing ⽴杆 the standing pole 扫地杆 ground bars 横杆 ledger脚⼿板 scaffold board 防护栏 protective barrier,guard rail隔离剂 isolating agent扣件coupler旋转扣件swivel coupler ⼗字扣件double coupler 套筒扣件sleeve coupler 钢筋加⼯ rebar fabrication 铁丝 iron wire 钢筋连接rebar connection 绑扎lashing 搭接lap焊接 welding搭接接头 lap joint 焊接接头 welded joint 搭接焊lap welding 砂浆垫块mortar block制模，模板⼯程formwork 组合钢模板 combined steel formwork 模板form模板配板 formwork configuration 模板⽀设 formwork erection 安装偏差 installation deviation 模板接缝the formwork joint泵送混凝⼟pumping of concrete 混凝⼟中⼼搅拌站 centralized concretemixing plant 浇灌混凝⼟concrete pouring, depositing concrete,模板拆除 formwork removal 混凝⼟搅拌汽车concrete mixer truck混凝⼟搅拌concrete agitation 插⼊式振捣器 insertion type vibrator 振捣混凝⼟ vibrated concrete 平板振动器 plate vibrator 抹⼦，泥⼑ trowel 抹灰，抹光 toweling坍落度slump两组试块two sets of testing blocks 混凝⼟取样witness sampling of concrete混凝⼟施⼯缝处理treatment of concrete construction joint 初凝 initial set 终凝final set初凝时间 initial setting time 终凝时间final setting time 混凝⼟养护concrete curing 草垫 straw mattress回填back fill回填夯实backfill consolidation 1:2⽔泥砂浆20厚1:2 cenment mortarthickness 20mm 找平层leveling blacket 抹灰plastering抹平，找平screeding 抹灰底层rendering coat 抹光，压光trowel finish 灌缝；灌浆grout抹灰罩⾯层setting coat ⼆次灌浆post-grouting 填料filling 翼环plate ring套管pipe sleeve ⽯棉⽔泥asbestos cement 油⿇oil-- hemp 橡胶⽌⽔带rubber water stop 密封胶joint sealant 沥青涂层asphalt coating填缝板joint filler镀锌铁⽪galvanized iron sheet ure ;revetment80mmpile ompressibility area f vibration ssure ol pointsocks。