山东专升本（英语）模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary and Structure 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 5. Translation 6. Writing 9. Error IdentificationV ocabulary and Structure1．______at his way, the situation doesn’t seem so desperate.A．LookingB．LookedC．Being lookedD．To look正确答案：B2．Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat______by far the biggest cereal crop.A．isB．beenC．beD．being正确答案：D3．______if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A．Would you be surprisedB．Were you surprisedC．Had you surprisedD．Would you have been surprised正确答案：D4．Thousands of ______ at the stadium came to their feet to pay tribute to an outstanding performance.A．audienceB．participantsC．spectatorsD．observers正确答案：C5．During the reading lesson, teacher asked students to read a few______from the novel.A．piecesB．essaysC．fragmentsD．extracts正确答案：D6．This project would ____ a huge increase in defense reading.A．resultB．assureC．entailD．accomplish正确答案：C7．Failure to follow the club rules______ him from the volleyball team.A．disfavoredB．dispelledC．disqualifiedD．dismissed正确答案：C8．I arrive at the airport so late that I______missed the plane.A．onlyB．quiteC．narrowlyD．confidently正确答案：C9．Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner______ to the professor.A．as far asB．the same asC．as much asD．as long as正确答案：C10．At no time______ other countries.A．China will invadeB．will invade ChinaC．will China invadeD．invade will China正确答案：C11．Beside being expensive, the food tastes______.A．badlyB．too much badC．too badlyD．bad正确答案：D12．Difficulties can______a person’s best qualities.A．bring upB．bring outC．bring aboutD．bring to正确答案：B13．More than one third of the Chinese in the US live in California, ______in San Francisco.A．previouslyB．predominantlyC．practicallyD．permanently正确答案：B14．I am sure your suggestion will ______the problem.A．contribute to solvingB．be contribute to solveC．contribute to solveD．be contributed to solving正确答案：A15．America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ______ before the West was settled.A．couldB．didC．wouldD．wasReading ComprehensionThere are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists.”And these “generalists”are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people’s work, to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field, his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “trained” man, and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist—and especially the administrator—deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an “educated” man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly. Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you—but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.16．There is an increasing demand for______.A．all round people in their own fieldsB．people whose job is to organize other people’s workC．generalists whose educational background is either technical or professional D．specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others 正确答案：B17．The specialist is______.A．a man whose job is to train other peopleB．a man who has been trained in more than one fieldsC．a man who can see the forest rather than the treesD．a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters18．The administrator is______.A．a “trained” man who is more a specialist than a generalistB．a man who sees the trees as well as the forestC．a man who is very strong in the humanitiesD．a man who is an “educated” specialist正确答案：C19．During your training period, it is important______A．to try to be a generalistB．to choose a profitable jobC．to find an organization which fits youD．to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist正确答案：D20．A man’s first job______A．is never the right job for himB．should not be regarded as his final jobC．should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any jobD．is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job正确答案：BAt the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age and, until recent times, unknown to man. It is a great land mass with mountain ranges whose extent and elevation are still uncertain. Much of the continent is a complete blank on our maps. Man has explored, on foot, less than one percent of its area. Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arctic is an ocean, covered with drifting packed ice and hemmed in by the land masses of Europe, Asia, and North America. The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined, centered roughly on the South Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world—the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. The continental ice sheet is more than two miles high in its centre, thus, the air over the Antarctic is far more refrigerated than it is over the Arctic regions. This cold air current from the land is so forceful that it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world and renders unlivable those regions whose counterparts at the opposite end of the globe are inhabited. Thus, more than a million of persons live within 2,000 miles of the North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska, Siberia, and Scandinavia—a region rich in forest and mining industries. Apart from a handful of weather stations, within the same distance of the South Pole there is not a single tree, industry, orsettlement.21．The best title for this selection would be______.A．IcelandB．Land of OpportunityC．The Unknown ContinentD．Utopia at Last正确答案：C22．At the time this article was written, our knowledge of Antarctica was______ A．very limitedB．vastC．fairly richD．nonexistent正确答案：A23．Antarctica is bordered by the______.A．Pacific OceanB．Indian OceanC．Atlantic OceanD．All three正确答案：D24．The Antarctic is made uninhabitable primarily by______.A．cold airB．calm seasC．iceD．lack of knowledge about the continent正确答案：A25．According to this article______.A．2,000 people live on the Antarctic ContinentB．a million people live within 2,000 miles of the South PoleC．weather conditions within a 2, 000 mile radius of the South Pole make settlements impracticalD．only a handful of natives inhabit Antarctica正确答案：CFor centuries men dreamed of achieving vertical flight. In 400 A. D. Chinese children played with a fan-like toy that spun upwards and fell back to earth as rotation ceased. Leonardo da Vinci conceive the first mechanical apparatus, called a “Helix,”which could carry man straight up, but was only a design and was never tested. The ancient-dream was finally realized in 1940 when a Russian engineer piloted a strange looking craft of steel tubing with a rotating fan on top. It rose awkwardly and vertically into the air from a standing start, hovered a few feet above the ground, went sideways and backwards, and then settled back to earth. The vehicle was called a helicopter. Imaginations were fired. Men dreamed of going to work in their own personal helicopters. People anticipate that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today. Such fantastic expectations were not fulfilled. The helicopter has now become an extremely useful machine. It excels in military missions, carrying troops, guns and strategic instruments where other aircraft cannot go. Corporations use them as airborne offices, many metropolitan areas use them in police work, construction and logging companies employ them in various advantageous ways, engineers use them for site selection and surveying, and oil companies use them as the best way to make offshore and remote work stations accessible to crews and supplies. Any urgent mission to a hard-to-get-to place is a likely task for a helicopter. Among their other multitude of uses: deliver people across town, fly to and from airports, assist in rescue work, and aid in the search for missing or wanted persons.26．People expect that______.A．the airliners of today would eventually be replaced by helicoptersB．helicopters would someday be able to transport large number of people from place to place as airliners are now doingC．the imaginations fired by the Russian engineer’s invention would become a reality in the futureD．their fantastic expectations about helicopters could be fulfilled by airliners of today正确答案：B27．Helicopters work with the aid of______.A．a combination of rotating devices in front and on topB．a rotating device topsideC．one rotating fan in the center of the aircraft and others at each endD．a rotating fan underneath for lifting正确答案：B28．What is said about the development of the helicopter?A．Helicopters have only been worked on by man since 1940.B．Chinese children were the first to achieve flight in helicopters.C．Helicopters were considered more dangerous than the early airplanes.D．Some people thought they would become widely used by average individuals.正确答案：D29．How has the use of helicopters developed?A．They have been widely used for various purposes.B．They are taking the place of high-flying jets.C．They are used for rescue work.D．They are now used exclusively for commercial projects.正确答案：A30．Under what conditions are helicopters found to be absolutely essential?A．For overseas passenger transportation.B．For extremely high altitude flights.C．For high-speed transportation.D．For urgent mission to places inaccessible to other kinds of craft.正确答案：DIn ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival was held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, But some official records date from 776 B. C. The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events uncertain, but events included boy’s gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games. On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling. After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 A. D. They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was over 1, 500 years before another such international athletic gathering took place in Athens in 1896. Nowadays, theGames are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing countries pay their own athletes’ expenses. The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the sun’s rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.31．In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games______.A．were merely national athletic festivalsB．were in the nature of a national event with a strong religious colourC．had rules which put foreign participants in a disadvantageous positionD．were primarily national events with few foreign participants正确答案：C32．In the early days of ancient Olympic Games______.A．only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the gamesB．all Greeks, irrespective of sex, religion or social status, were allowed to take partC．all Greeks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in Games D．all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games正确答案：A33．The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics______.A．has not definitely been establishedB．varied according to the number of foreign competitorsC．was decided by Zeus, in whose honor the Games were heldD．was considered unimportant正确答案：A34．Modern athletes’ results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because______.A．the Greeks had no means of recording the resultsB．they are much betterC．details such as the time were not recorded in the pastD．they are much worse正确答案：C35．Nowadays, the athletes’ expenses are paid for______.A．out of the prize money of the winnersB．out of the funds raised by the competing nationsC．by the athletes themselvesD．by contributions正确答案：BYouth unemployment in industrial countries has risen in the past decade despite measures aimed at creating jobs for the young, most of which have failed, the organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)said on June 24, 1999. “Average youth unemployment in the OECD area has risen form 10 percent in 1979 to 13 percent in 1998, and is in double digits in most member countries,” the 29 member organization said in its annual Economic Outlook report. Many countries had introduced special plans aimed at creating jobs for under-24s during that period, but the results were “fairly discouraging”, the report said. Few remedial or employment-insertion programs targeted at disadvantaged young people appear to have resulted in significant gains in employment or earnings after they have participated in the programs. Not all programs were failures, however, and they had provided lessons in “what does and does not work, and why”, the report said. The best key issues are ensuring that the education system prepares young people adequately for the demands of the modern work place and that governments carry out “sustained” efforts to improve work prospects for young people, he said. It was too soon to say whether recent new initiatives in British and France to bring young people into the workforce would be successful, Martin said, but “hopefully” they had learned from the mistakes of previous programs, many of which either failed to create jobs or did not create long-term jobs for the young. The 35-hour week in France, for instance, which the OECD has said repeatedly is not the best way to create jobs, had not been introduced particularly to create jobs for young people, but to cut unemployment generally, he said. There is also “no cause for complacency” when it comes to unemployment in general across the OECD, Martin said. While unemployment is forecast to remain essentially stable through to the end of 2000, at 7.0 percent across the OECD, the same level as in 1999, eight of the 29 members will still have a jobless rate of more than 10 percent, the report said. The report also said that much of the growth in employment in recent years had come from part-time jobs, but they are less well-paid than full time employment. Part-time work defined in the study as less than 30 hours a week-now accounts for 14. 3percent of employment in the OECD’s 29 countries, with the Netherlands heading the list at 30 percent of total employment. Part-time workers generally earn less on an hourly basis than their full-time colleagues and also have less access to training, the OECD report said. Part-time workers in Canada fare the least well, earning on average just 55. 9 percent of the average hourly wage of their full time colleagues, while those in Portugal fare best, with their wages at 90 percent of a full-time employee’s, thestudy found. The problem is unlikely to go away, the OECD said, as part-time work is on the increase and relatively few part-time jobs are transformed into full-time ones. But financial problems are likely to become greater with an increase in the part-time workforce and an aging population as pension and other benefits for part-time workers look set to fall further behind those of their full-time colleagues, the OECD said.36．What is the passage mainly about?正确答案：Youth unemployment in industrial countries. / Youth unemployment is serious in industrial countries.37．What is the average youth unemployment rate in the OECD area in the past 20 years?正确答案：It’s about 10 percent.38．According to the article, many employment-insertion programs had failed. What had people learned from the previous programs?正确答案：Lessons in “what does and does not work, and why”.39．Why did Martin say there is “no cause for complacency” when it comes to unemployment in general across the OECD?正确答案：Because of the high jobless rate and few full-time jobs.40．In what ways are part-time workers inferior to full time workers?正确答案：In earnings and training.Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national ride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourages international brotherhood.【G1】______ One country received its second place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final. There had been a noisy scene at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to the final decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents’ victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said: “This wasn’t hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federationare finished. 【G2】______ The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a disputed end to their contest. The game had ended in disturbance. 【G3】______A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player popped it into the basket. It was the first time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. 【G4】______ Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. 【G5】______But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism.A. The American players then voted not to accept the silver medals.B. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for.C. The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least three years.D. It was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play.E. Not only was there the tragic incident involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests.41．【G1】正确答案：E42．【G2】正确答案：C43．【G3】正确答案：D44．【G4】正确答案：A45．【G5】正确答案：BClozeIn the United States, the first day nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the【C1】______half of the 19th century; most of【C2】______were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U. S. , the day nurserymovement received great【C3】______during the First World War, when【C4】______of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established【C5】______in munitions plants, under direct government sponsorship. 【C6】______the number of nurseries in the U. S. also rose【C7】______, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, 【C8】______, federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control【C9】______the day nurseries, chiefly by【C10】______them and by. The【C11】______of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were【C12】______called up on to replace men in the factories. On this【C13】______the U. S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, 【C14】______$6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities【C15】______this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared【C16】______in daycare centers receiving Federal【C17】______. Soon afterward, the Federal government 【C18】______cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later【C19】______them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their【C20】______at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.46．【C1】A．latterB．lateC．otherD．first正确答案：B47．【C2】A．thoseB．themC．whoseD．imitation正确答案：B48．【C3】A．impetusB．inputC．imitationD．initiative正确答案：A49．【C4】A．sources B．abundance C．shortage D．reduction正确答案：C50．【C5】A．hardly B．entirely C．only D．even正确答案：D51．【C6】A．Because B．As C．Since D．Although正确答案：D52．【C7】A．unanimously B．sharply C．predominantly D．militantly正确答案：B53．【C8】A．therefore B．consequently C．however D．moreover正确答案：C54．【C9】A．overB．inC．at D．about正确答案：B55．【C10】A．formulating B．labeling C．patenting D．licensing正确答案：A56．【C11】A．outset B．outbreak C．breakthrough D．breakdown 正确答案：B57．【C12】A．again B．thus C．repeatedly D．yet正确答案：A58．【C13】A．circumstance B．occasion C．case D．situation正确答案：B59．【C14】A．regulating B．summoning C．allocating D．transferring正确答案：C60．【C15】A．expanded B．facilitated C．supplemented D．compensated正确答案：C61．【C16】A．byB．afterC．ofD．for正确答案：D62．【C17】A．pensions B．subsidies C．revenues D．budgets正确答案：B63．【C18】A．prevalently B．furiously C．statistically D．drastically正确答案：D64．【C19】A．abolished B．diminished C．jeopardized D．precluded正确答案：A65．【C20】A．nurseriesB．homesC．jobsD．children正确答案：CTranslationSection ADirections: Translate the following English into Chinese.66．The grass is greener on the other side of the hill.正确答案：这山望着那山高。
