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目 录2009年南京大学633数理方法二考研真题2008年南京大学633数理方法二考研真题2007年南京大学633数学物理方法二考研真题2006年南京大学333数学物理方法二考研真题2005年南京大学333数学物理方法二考研真题2004年南京大学333数学物理方法二考研真题2000年南京大学333数学物理方法二考研真题2009年南京大学633数理方法二考研真题南京大学5年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题0E) 考试科目名耕及代码一壁 一* 饥适用专业：.声号「衫半直内切谑—-一-i.所有答案必须写在研究生入学考试答题俄上，写在鼠摇和其他最上无效:共五大题，每题30分一、 解答下列问题(总30分，每小题15分)(1) 当£分别沿正实轴和正虚轴趋向无限远点时，分析函 数/{z) = $inz 的特性，由此说明无限远点是该函数的 本性奇点，(2) 求函数，⑵=厂七^. 在环域2<j 水3内的静一 2将-3)Laurent 展开.二、 求解下列问题(总30分，每小题15分)(1) 求函数/(冷=，二*的所有奇点和留数，如果是极 点，求出极点的阶数’(2) 利用第1小题，求积分:1=］竺竺若也&(a>0,h>0)试题装号,33共2点三、求解下列问题(总30分，每小题15分)!.I(1)求下列函数的Fourier积分F(a)).•■I/(O=-3~I.(a>0)；Li"l|I(2)画出|F(ty)F的图象，说明其特征，求当』t0时，的表:I 达式并说明意义。
Ij四、(总30分)高为L的圆柱体壳，内、外半径分别为0：!.和b t柱外侧面法向有均匀分布的恒定热流％,内侧面绝.热，上、下表面温度分布分别保持为Hg(p)和求圆I 柱体中稳定的温度场分布，即解定解问题:V知=0,(0<z<L t a<p<b)du伽|八辑=°；厂p^b l p^a吃“=%(「)；虬“=妃功五、(总30分)水平放置的金属半球(半径为q),在半球顶点注入热流我扁踞一°)其中K和％为常数，半球底保持温度为％］常数)，求稳定的温度场分布。
2007年648艺术综合真题及参考答案一、名词解释（每题3分）计15分1.马里诺·马里尼（Marino Marini）①当代意大利著名的超现实主义雕塑家马里诺·马里尼③结识了许多重要的先锋派艺术家如:毕加索、勃拉克、劳伦斯、贡扎列斯、康定斯基、唐吉等,同时他还与居住在巴黎的意大利作家康彼尔、马尼埃里、德·基利克、德·彼吉斯非有密切之交. ④马里尼从1929年开始从事雕塑,作有《人像》等作品⑤【特点】他的肖像雕塑富于动感，通常采用粗糙的材质作表面。
《骑士》、《马和骑师》和《果树女神一号》是他的代表作品。
2.《洛神赋图》东晋【顾恺之】全画用笔细劲古朴，恰如“春蚕吐丝”。
山川树石画法幼稚古朴，所谓“人大于山，水不容泛”，体现了早期山水画的特点。
此图卷无论从内容、艺术结构、人物造形、环境描绘和笔墨表现的形式来看，都不愧为中国古典绘画中的瑰宝之一。
【特点】此画用色凝重古朴，具有工笔重彩画的特色。
作为衬托的山水树石均用线勾勒，而无皴擦，与画史所记载的“人大于山，水不容泛”的时代风格相吻合。
【典故】《洛神赋》是以曹植与嫂子洛神甄氏（曹丕之妻）之间缠绵而凄凉的爱情为原型而创作出的神人之恋的缠绵凄婉的爱情故事。
赋文通篇言辞美丽，人物描写细腻传神，动人心魄，令读者感动。
【评价】《洛神赋图》画出洛神凌波微步的美丽身姿，表露她“若往若还”的矛盾心态。
奇异神兽具有强烈的神话气氛和浪漫主义色彩。
其人物神情刻画生动，主题内容突出，手法写实。
线条简练飘逸，色彩典雅鲜丽。
整个画面环境富于装饰性。
【顾恺之】，字长康，小字虎头。
约364年在南京为石棺寺画维摩诘像，引起轰动。
顾恺之多才，工诗赋，善书法，被时人称为“才绝、画绝、痴绝”，他的画风格独特，被称为“顾家样”，人物清瘦俊秀，所谓“秀骨清像”，线条流畅，谓之“春蚕吐丝”。
东晋的大名士谢安认为顾恺之的人物画是前无古人的。
后人评论其画：意存笔先，画尽意在，笔迹周密，紧劲连绵；其笔法如春蚕吐丝，轻盈流畅，遒劲爽利，称为“铁线描”；造型布局六法俱全，运思精微，神妙莫测。
目录Ⅰ历年考研真题试卷 (2)南京大学2007年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (2)南京大学2008年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (8)南京大学2009年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (14)南京大学2010年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (21)南京大学2011年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (27)Ⅱ历年真题试卷答案解析 (34)南京大学2007年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (34)南京大学2008年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (41)南京大学2009年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (47)南京大学2010年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (54)南京大学2011年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (61)Ⅰ历年考研真题试卷南京大学2007年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目名称及代码：物理化学（含结构化学）853适用专业：无机化学、分析化学、有机化学、物理化学一、选择题（每题2分，共64分）1.在一简单的（单组分，单相，各向同性）封闭系统中，恒压只做膨胀功的条件下，吉布斯自由能值随温度升高如何变化？（）A.（G/T）p>0B.（G/T）p<0C.（G/T）p=0D.视具体体系而定2.从热力学基本关系式可导出（U/S）V等于：（）A.（H/S）p B.（A/V）TC.（U/V）SD.（G/T）P3.下列各系统中属于独立粒子系统的是：（）A.绝对零度的晶体B.理想液体混合物C.纯气体D.理想气体的混合物4.近独立定域粒子系统和经典极限下的非定域粒子系统的（）A.最概然分布公式不同B.某一能量分布类型的微观状态数相同C.最概然分布公式相同D.以粒子配分函数表示的热力学函数的统计表达式相同5.热力学函数与分子配分函数的关系式对应定域粒子系统和离域粒子系统都相同的是：（）A.G，F，SB.U，H，SC.U，H，C VD.H，G，C V6.关于配分函数，下面哪一点是不正确的（）A.粒子的配分函数是一个粒子所有可能状态的玻尔兹曼因子之和；B.并不是所有配分函数都无量纲；C.粒子的配分函数只有在独立粒子体系中才有意义；D.只有平动配分函数才与体系的压力有关。
南京大学电子科学与工程学院《数学物理方法》期末考试试卷(2009研) 任课教师：______ 考试日期：__________. 考试时间16:30-18:30考生年级： 考生专业： 考生学号： 考生姓名：一、(20分)(1)当z 分别沿正实轴和正虚轴趋向无穷远点时，分析函数z z f sin )(=的特性，由此说明无限远点是该函数的本性奇点(2)求函数)3)(2(1)(--=z z z f 在环域32<<z 内的Laurent 展开 二、（20分）（1）求函数2)(z e e z f ibziaz -=的所有奇点和留数，如果是极点，求出极点的阶数（2）求积分)0,0(,cos cos 02>>-=⎰+∞b a dx x bx ax I 三、（20分）（1）求下列函数的Fourier 积分)(ωF)0()(22>+=a ta a t f （2）画出2)(ωF 的图像，说明其特征，求当0→a 时，)(ωF 的表达式并说明其意义四、（20分）高为L 的圆柱体壳，内、外半径分别为a 和b ，柱外侧面法向有均匀分布的恒定热流0q ，内侧面绝热，上、下表面温度分布分别保持为)(0ρu 和)(1ρu ，求圆柱体中稳定的温度场分布，即解定解问题)();(0,),0(,010002ρρρρκρρρu u u u u q ub a L z u L z z a b ===∂∂=∂∂<<<<=∇====五、（20分）水平放置的金属半球（半径为a ），在半球顶点注入热流0I)0(sin ),(20-=∂∂=ϑδϑϑκa I r r u a r 其中κ和0q 为常数，半球底保持温度为0u （常数），求稳定的温度场分布。
2007年在职英语试题及答案详解Paper OneDialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points}Part I Dialogue CommunicationSection A Dialogue Completion1. Speaker A: I'd like to arrange a meeting to discuss our new plan. Are you free tomorrow?Speaker B: __A. I couldn't agree more.B. I'm quite sure of it.C. If only I hadn't had a prior engagement.D. I'm afraid I'm not available until Friday.2. Speaker A: Professor Lee, can I come to see you about my presentation this evening?Speaker B: __A. Yes. Is 8 o'clock a convenient time?B. Fine. Please come by bus No. 2.C. No. Never mind.D. Oh, That's my pleasure.3. Speaker A: Thank you so much for the wonderful dinner. Tom and I really enjoyed it.Speaker B: __A.I'm glad you made it.B. You're quite welcomeB.I like share with others. D. You’re always best friends.4. Speaker A: Well, I have to get back to the office now. It’s been really nice talking to you.Speaker B: ____ See you.A. Glad to meet you.B. Nice talking to you.C. I'll be right back.D. You shouldn't leave.5. Speaker A: I'm afraid I failed the math exam.Speaker B: ,it's not really that had, is it?A. Oh, yeahB. No wonderC. There nowD. No goodSection B Dialogue Comprehension6. Man: David really has an eye for beauty.Woman: You can say that again.Question: What does the woman mean?A. David has good eyesight.B. She agrees with the man.C. The man should praise David moreD. The man has said too much about David.7. Man: Why do you want to move out? You really have a happy life. I do envy you.Woman: You don't know that I have been over-protected by my mother these years. I want to spread my own wings.Question: What does the woman mean?A. She doesn't love her mother.B. She wants to be independent.C. She actually envies the man.D. She doesn't like family life.8. Woman: Bill, I want to have a few words with you about your performance in class lately.Man: I know I've gone down. I just haven't been studying as much as I ought to.Question: What is Bill's problem?A. He doesn't like to perform in class.B. He doesn't work hard enough.C. He has gone away lately.D. He feels depressed.9. Woman: Are you prepared for the exam tomorrow？Man: Oh, yeah, the exam will be a piece of cake.Question: What does the man mean?A. The woman should take the exam.B. The woman shouldn't be concerned.C. He is not worried about the examD. He enjoys taking exams.10. Man: Are you sure Bob and Tim will come to help today?Woman: No problem. They're men of their words.Question: What does the woman want to tell the man?A: Bob and Tim will keep their promise. B. Bob and Tim are good speakers.C: Bob and Tim will be on the woman's side. D. Bob and Time are very helpful.Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)11. We debated the advantages and disadvantages of filming famous works _____ intended for the theater.A. absolutelyB. conventionallyC. regularlyD. originally12. He said that the medicine the doctor gave him brought to his headache.A. retreatB. recoveryC. reliefD. relaxation13. Sociologists have long recognized that social tensions are __ elements of group life.A. averageB. routineC. normalD. standard14. In the National Zoo we can find __ animals that range from large beasts to small birds.A. a species ofB. a group ofC. a variety ofD. an amount of15. Mary had taken pains to __ that her guests had everything they could possibly want.A. seeB. knowC. feelD. learn16. Most people in the business world were told when they began their careers, not to let theirresume ____ one page.A. expandB. exceedC. exposeD. extend17. A reply will be sent within the next few days along with ____ apology.A. an honestB. an innocentC. a generousD. a sincere18. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money couldA. keep up withB. stand up forC. put up withD. make up for19. Long-term use of the drug can __ the patient's personality.A. alterB. switchC. exchangeD. substitute20. The volleyball team has had five __ victories in the last three years.A. successiveB. excessiveC. subsequentD. eventual21. A series of attempts __ made, he came to a successful solution of the problem.A. to beB. had beenC. wereD. having been22. Manufacturing is Canada's most important economic activity, 17 percent of the workforce.A. to engageB. being engagedC. engagingD. engaged23. Her remarks left me wondering __ she could have changed so suddenly.A. whenB. howC. whetherD. what24. Caroline could do __ but leave although she would have liked to stay and continue talking with him.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing25. The boy regretted having spent so much time playing when heA. should have studiedB. had studiedC. was to studyD. must study26. It was during the morning rush hour ____ the bomb exploded.A. thatB. whenC. whileD. before27. I've attached my contact information in the recommendation letter__ you have further questions.A. for goodB. in orderC. for fearD. in case28. The boss realized the importance of qualified staff, and urged all __ to participate in the training seminar.A. concerningB. the concerningC. concernedD. the concerned29. As computer systems become even more sophisticated, the methods of those who exploit the technology.A. so too doB. as well asC. likewiseD. therefore30. I was annoyed by my friend who came late for our appointment but did not bother to ask how long IA. waitedB. was waitingC. have waitedD. had been waitingPart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Passage One"Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it's accompanied by an appeal: “Just think about those starving orphans (孤儿) in Africa!"Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take a few too many bites. Instead of saying "clean the plate", perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies (肚子). A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story.Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They serve large portions to stand apart from competitors and to give the customers value. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s; the same time that the American waistline began to expand.Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. A restaurant industry trade magazine reported lager month that 57 percent of more than 4 000 people surveyed believed restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion;20 percent disagreed.But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150 000 per year prefer smaller portions. But only 45 percent of those earning less than $ 25 000 want smaller.It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthy. It's just that after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.31. By saying” Be a member of the clean-plate-club!"(Para. 1) a parent or grandparent is asking the children toA. wash dishes after mealsB. eat all the food on their plateC. save food for the starving AfricansD. reserve food for the future32. According to news reports, US restaurantsA. are partly responsible for the overweight problemB. ignore the government regulations on food amountC. serve two to four times the amount the customers wantD. are partly to blame for the waste of food in America33. US restaurants provide large portions of food becauseA. Almost customers are calling for thatB. they want to win in severe competitionC. the American waistline in expandingD. it is the regulation of the restaurant industry34. According to the passage, working class Americans dining in restaurantsA. eat less to save moneyB. get less on their plateC. want to get their money's value backD. do not care about their health35. A proper title of the passage is __A. Why Restaurants Serve Large PortionsB. Income and Food Portion SizesC. Clean Your PlateD. Less Food on the Plate Is Healthier Passage TwoIt's a typical Snoopy card: cheerful message, bright colors, though a little yellow and faded now. Though I've received fancier, more expensive card over the years, this is the only one I've saved. One summer, it spoke volumes to meI received it during the first June I faced as a widow to raise two teenage daughters alone. In all the emotional confusion of this sudden single parenthood, I was overwhelmed with, of all things,the simplest housework: leaky taps, oil changes, even barbeques(烧烤).Those had always been my husband's jobs. I was embarrassed every time I hit my thumb with a hammer or couldn't get the lawnmower(割草机) started.My uncertain attempts only fueled the fear inside me: How could I be both a father and mother to my girls? Clearly, I lacked the tools and skills.On this particular morning, my girls pushed me into the living room to see something. (I prayed it wasn't another repair job.) The "something" turned out to be an envelope and several wrapped bundles on the carpet. My puzzlement must have been plain as I gazed from the colorful packages to my daughters' bright faces."Go ahead! Open them！"They urged. As I unwrapped the packages, I discovered a small barbecue grill (烧烤架) and all the necessary objects including a green kitchen glove with a frog pattern on it."But why?" I asked."Happy Father's Day]" they shouted together."Moms don't get presents on Father's Day. ' I protested."You forgot to open the card. ' Jane reminded. I pulled it from the envelope. There sat Snoopy, on top of his dog house, merrily wishing me a Happy Father's Day. "Because," the girls said, "you've been a father and mother to us. Why shouldn't you be remembered on Father's Day?"As I fought back tears, I realized they were right, I wanted to be a "professional" dad, who had the latest tools and knew all the tricks of the trade. The girls only wanted a parent they could count on to be there, day after day, performing repeatedly the maintenance tasks of basic care and love.The girls are grown now, and they still send me Father's Day cards, but none of those cards means as much to me as that first one. Its simple message told me being a great parent didn't require any special tools at all--just a willing worker.36. By "it spoke volumes to me", (Par& 1) the mother in the story means the card __A. conveyed significant meanings to herB. aroused great sorrow in herC. brought her pleasant feelingsD. made her feel important37. After her husband's death, the mother found it was the hardest toA. handle the emotional shockB. face the terrible lonelinessC. keep harmony of the familyD. fulfill a male role in the house38. What puzzled the mother when her daughter asked her to see something one morning?A. It was not another repair job this time.B. Both of her daughters looked excited.C. She got gifts at that time of the year.D. The bundles on the floor were wrapped.39. The girls gave their mother a barbecue set probably becauseA. it was what their mother wantedB. it was a proper Father's Day giftC. barbecue was their favorite foodD. they wanted their mother to barbecue40. Which of the following statements is true about the first Father's Day card?A. It made the mother eager to get the latest tools.B. It praised the mother as a professional dad.C. Its fancy design impressed the mother most.D. It showed the girls' appreciation for their mother's love.Passage ThreeWhen foreigners are sometimes asked what seems most strange about American society, somewhere on the top of the list will be the fact the average citizen is allowed to possess guns.Although it is true that many people carry guns legally in the United States, it is also known that many who possess guns carry illegally. Others, who don't have guns, feel that guns can be acquired quite easily. A recent survey indicated that many high school students, especially in the inner cities, can acquire gun with little difficulty.Although most people would never want to own a gun, others have taken up hunting as a sport and enjoy hunting wild game in season Hunting for deer add duck in fall and winter is very much a part of the American cultureAlso, some farmers in rural areas who raise cattle and sheep feel they need to protect their animals against wolves that attack their herds and flocks at night. To defend and support their rights to possess firearms the National Rifle Association (NRA) was founded in 1871. The main importance of this organization has been its efforts to prevent strict gun control legislation. The NRA has great political support in small towns and rural areas, especially in the West and the South, where hunting is especially popular. Those who favor the right to possess guns insist that the Constitution provides the right of people "to keep and bear arms". They believe that gun control laws will not solve the problem of crime and violence in America.Recent events in America, however, have shown that the question of gun possession is now out of control and strong voices have called for immediate action to be taken. In seemingly peaceful schools students have gone into classrooms and opened fire upon their classmates. America has been shocked by such incidents which seem to occur with greater frequency. The periodic deaths of innocent citizens and even foreign visitors from guns have forced legislators to pass laws to stop these senseless killings.The day may not be far off when America will be transformed from a gun culture to one which controls their use and possession.41. What is most unusual about American society?A. Many Americans acquire guns illegally.B. Ordinary people can possess guns legally.C. The average citizen does not try to possess guns.D. Many school children carry guns legally.42. Some Americans defend their possession of guns by arguing that ____.A. deer and duck reproduce too quickly in the countryB. herds and flocks bother farmer at nightC. hunting is part of the American way of lifeD. wolves threaten people's lives in rural areas43. The National Rifle Association was established to ____.A. help strengthen gun control lawsB. unite people who possess gunsC. defend Americans' right to possess gunsD. solve the problem of crime and violence44. Gun possession has become a hot issue in the US because it is ____.A. gathering political supportB. becoming increasingly restrictedC. threatening endangered speciesD. causing serious problems45. The author's attitude towards the US gun culture is____.A. positiveB. negativeC. indifferentD. neutralPassage FourEmotion is a feeling about or reaction to certain important events or thoughts. People enjoy feeling such pleasant emotions as love, happiness, and contentment. They often try to avoid feeling unpleasant emotions, such as loneliness, worry, and grief.Individuals communicate most of their emotions by means of words, a variety of sounds, facial expressions, and gestures. For example, anger causes many people to frown, make a fist, and yell. People learn ways of showing some of their emotions from members of their society,though heredity (遗传) may determine some emotional behavior. Research has shown that different isolated peoples show emotions by means of similar facial expressions.Charles Darwin, famous for the theory of natural selection, also studied emotion. Darwin said in 1872 that emotional behavior originally served both as an aid to survival and as a method of communicating intentions. According to the James-Lange theory of emotions developed in the 1880s, people feel emotions only if aware of their own internal physical reactions to events, such as increased heart rate or blood pressure. But this theory was not upheld by research on cats that had their nervous systems damaged. The cats could not feel their body's internal changes, but they showed normal emotional behavior. John B. Watson, an American psychologist who helped found the school of psychology called behaviorism, observed that babies stimulated by certain events showed three basic emotions--fear, anger, and love. Watson's view has been challenged frequently since he proposed it in 1919.The most widely accepted view is that emotions occur as a complex sequence of events. The sequence begins when a person encounters an important event or thought. The person's interpretation of the encounter determines the feeling that is likely to follow. For example, someone who encounters a bear in the woods would probably interpret the event as dangerous. The sense of danger would cause the individual to feel fear. Each feeling is followed by physical changes and desires to take action, which are responses to the event that started the sequence. Thus, a person who met a bear would probably run away.Several American psychologists independently developed the theory that there are eight basic emotions. These emotions--which can exist at various levels of intensity--are anger, fear, joy, sadness, , acceptance, disgusts, surprise, and interest or curiosity. They combine to form all other emotions, just as certain basic colors produce all others.46. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that those who are born blind ____A. have emotions different from those of sighted personsB. have some facial expression like those of sighted personsC. depend only on words to express their feelingsD. seldom communicate with other people by means of gestures47. The James-Lange theory of emotions ____A. overlooked internal physical reactionsB. exaggerated the function of stimulating eventsC. faced a challenge from counter evidenceD. offered a narrow interpretation of emotions48. In the sequence of events for emotions to occur, which is next to the encounter of an important event?A. Interpretation made.B. Responses produced.C. Feeling stimulated.D. Action taken.49. Emotions are compared to colors because____.A. they are classified in a similar wayB. they have the same influence on people's lifeC. both of them may take on different formsD. both of them may have basic elements mixed in them50. The main purpose of this writing is to ____.A. arouse readers' interest in emotional behaviorsB. help readers enjoy pleasant emotionsC. outline the development of theories about emotionsD. analyze various emotions and physical changesPart Ⅳ Cloze Test (15 minutes,10 points)One of the most convenient and cheapest ways to see America is by riding a Greyhound bus. This interstate bus system connects all major cities in the United States, 51 people with frequent and convenient service. The bus system even has an international service 52 makes connection with cities in Canada and Mexico.Its network even extends to some of the smaller towns and out-of-the-way communities 53 the great interior of the country. Traveling by bus may 54 longer than flying by plane, but the terminals are located in the center of most cities and there is 55 to the downtown area.These buses are comfortable and air-conditioned, They are all equipped with toilets in the rear to 56 the convenience of the passengers, but there are some very severe 57of conduct which are strictly enforced. On all buses 58 is forbidden and the consumption of alcoholic drinks is not allowed.59 bus travel may not be suited to everyone's taste, it affords budget travelers the 60 to see America in comfort and safety and at a leisurely unhurried pace.5I. A. giving B. providing C. offering D. favoring52. A. what B. which C. who D. such53. A. for B. along C. in D. from54. A. spend B. use C. consume D. take55. A. easy access B. fast way C. short path D. direct approach56. A. keep up B. result in C. add to D. look after57. A. terms B. rules C. clauses D. points58. A. smoking B. to smoke C. smoke D. smoker59. A. As B. Whether C. However D. Although60. A. money B. chance C. time D. occasionPaper TwoPart V Translation (30 minutes,10 points)Getting a proper amount of rest is absolutely essential for building your energy resources. If you frequently work far into the night or have a poor sleep, it stands to reason that you may start to feel a little run down. Though everybody is different, most people need at least seven to eight hours of sleep per night in order to function at their best.If you have been lacking energy, try going to bed earlier at night. If you can wake up feeling well-rested, it will be an indication that you are starting to get an appropriate amount of sleep at night. If you sleep more than eight hours every night but still don't feel energetic, you may actually be getting too much sleep.Once in while, you are bound to have nights where you don't get an adequate amount of sleep. When your schedule permits you can also consider taking a short sleep during the day, for sometimes taking a nap is the perfect way to recharge your batteries.Part Ⅵ Writing (30 minutes,15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic” Entering College: Help the Needy Youngsters to Achieve Their Dreams'. Your composition should be based on the Chinese clues given below.中央电视台“圆梦行动”的公益节目旨在动员社会力量捐助贫困学子圆大学之梦。
目录Ⅰ历年考研真题试卷 (2)南京师范大学2007年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (2)南京师范大学2008年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (4)南京师范大学2009年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (6)南京师范大学2010年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (8)南京师范大学2011年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (10)南京师范大学2012年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (12)南京师范大学2013年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (15)南京师范大学2014年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (17)南京师范大学2015年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (19)南京师范大学2016年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (22)南京师范大学2017年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (25)南京师范大学2018年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (27)Ⅱ历年考研真题试卷答案解析 (29)南京师范大学2007年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (29)南京师范大学2008年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (37)南京师范大学2009年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (45)南京师范大学2010年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (52)南京师范大学2011年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (59)南京师范大学2012年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (68)南京师范大学2013年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (76)南京师范大学2014年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (85)南京师范大学2015年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析 (93)Ⅰ历年考研真题试卷南京师范大学2007年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：602数学分析考生注意：所有答案必须写在专用答题纸上，写在本试题纸上无效。
一、（每小题10分，共30分）计算下列极限1、xt dtx xx ⎰∙+∞→2ln ln lim；2、yx y x y x ++→→2200lim ；3、设),,2,1(),1(),1,0(11 =-=∈+n x x x x n n n 证明{}n nx 收敛并求极限。
2007年南京大学631政治学原理考研真题及详解南京大学2007年硕士研究生入学考试试题（三小时）考试科目名称及代码：政治学原理（631）适用专业：政治学理论、中外政治制度、国际政治、中共党史、行政管理一、概念比较（每组10分，共50分）1．政治领导与政治决策2．集权制与分权制3．权得与权力4．“消极自由”与“积极自由”二、简答题（每题10分，共50分）1．简述政治系统的功能。
2．为什么说利益关系是政治权力形成的基础和条件？3．如何理解民族自决与国家主权的关系？4．简述政治统治的主要类型。
5．在宪政架构下，政治监督通常借肋于哪些手段？三、论述题（每题25分，共50分）1．论“程序”在民主政治建设中的作用和意义。
2．论社会政治冲突的发生机理及其防范和化解之道。
参考答案：南京大学2007年硕士研究生入学考试试题（三小时）考试科目名称及代码：政治学原理（631）适用专业：政治学理论、中外政治制度、国际政治、中共党史、行政管理一、概念比较（每组10分，共50分）1．政治领导与政治决策答：政治领导是指，政府、政党、政治集团以及政治领袖等政治管理主体运用权力和权威，通过对政治管理客体施加政治影响力，确立社会政治生活的性质和目的，实现与政治统治相关的原则和方向的过程。
政治领导在政治过程中起着主导作用，在形式上表现为政治领导人的活动。
从政治领导行为的角度讲，政治管理可以被看作是国家政权对社会公众政治生活的根本性问题的权威指导过程。
政治决策是指政府或政党等政治管理主体对政治生活的重大问题指定和选择行动方案的过程，是对政治生活的方向、目标、原则、方法和步骤进行抉择的过程。
政治决策具有如下特征：它是对公共政治生活所作的抉择，涉及国家和社会的整体利益（公共性），它的行为主体是国家政权组织及与其相关的个人和组织（权威性），它的结果决定政治管理的整个实施过程（指导性），它以国家强制力为后盾要求普遍服从并执行（强制性）。
（1）二者的相同点是：①都与国家权力有关，都体现为对国家权力的掌握和运用。
