2017上海静安区高三一模英语试题及谜底

静安区2016学年第一学期教学质量检测高三年级英语试卷2016. 12I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a hospital. D. In a laboratory.2. A. A clerk. B. A banker. C. An operator. D. A salesperson.3. A. 5:00. B. 5:15. C. 5:30. D. 5:45.4. A. She lost her way. B. She lost her keys.C. She lost her car.D. She lost her handbag.5. A. The woman would understand if she did Mary’s job.B. The woman should do the typing for Mary.C. The woman should work as hard as Mary.D. The woman isn’t a skillful typist.6. A. He gets nervous very easily. B. He hasn’t prepared his speech well.C. He is an awful speaker.D. He is an inexperienced speaker.7. A. This apple pie tastes very nice. B. His mother likes the apple pie very much.C. The apple pie can’t match his mother’s.D. His mother can’t make apple pies.8. A. She is not interested in the article.B. She has given the man much trouble.C. She would like to have a copy of the article.D. She doesn’t want to take the trouble to read the article.9. A. He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.B. He has made great progress in his English.C. He is a student of the music department.D. He is not very interested in English songs.10. A. The man went to a wrong check-in counter.B. The man has just missed the flight.C. The plane will leave at 9:14.D. The plane’s departure time remains unknown.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the longer conversation. The passagesand the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A basket. B. An egg. C. A cup. D. An oven.12. A. To let in the sunshine. B. To serve as its door.C. To keep the nest cool.D. For the bird to lay eggs.13. A. Some are built underground. B. Some use pears as their nests.C. Most are sewed with grasses.D. Most are dried by the sun.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. South Africa. B. Asia. C. Europe. D. South America.15. A. It’s a trade that is driven by customer appetites.B. The latest trick seems to be promoting business.C. You can hardly resist the temptation when seeing the pictures of food.D. People have no idea in buying things.16. A. Young people. B. Foreigners. C. Local people. D. Old people.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It is nice. B. It is safe and reliable.C. It is totally silent.D. It is noisy.18. A. They are available on the last Saturday of the month.B. They could work at night this month.C. They have to be paid overtime if working this month.D. They could work at weekends at normal pay.19. A. The engineer. B. The mechanic.C. The repairman.D. The electrician.20. A. They charge a fixed fee for this service.B. They provide free maintenance for 24 hours.C. They provide free maintenance for a year.D. They provide automatic maintenance service.II.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.iPhone 7 being investigated after surfer claims it set his car on fire Apple is investigating a report from an Australian man who claimed his iPhone 7 caught fire and destroyed his car, the company said on Friday.Surfer Mat Jones told Channel 7 News that he (21)________________ ( go ) into water off a New South Wales beach and left his new iPhone 7, bought last week, (22) ________________ ( wrap) in a pair of trousers in his car on the beach.He said that (23)________________ he returned from the water he saw smoke rising from the car. “As I looked into my car, I could not see inside the car, like all the windows were just black.”A video footage(影像) taken from another phone showed the front seats, dash board and stick melted and charred, and Jones said that he felt “pretty much like a big heat wave just came out of the car”.Eventually the surfer was able to remove (24)________________ was left of his clothes. “Ash was just coming from inside the pants. Once the pants were unwrapped,the phone was just melting inside.”Jones said that he had not dropped the phone or physically damaged it, (25)________________ happened toa Sydney man who fell off his bike and suffered burns from an iPhone. He also said that he had not used(26)________________ non-Apple charging device.A spokeswoman for Apple said the company was investigating the complaint. “We’re in touch with the customer and we’re looking into it,” she said.Lithium-ion(锂离子) batteries (27)________________ burst into flames because of physical damage or overheating. Apple’s(28) ________________( big )smartphone competitor, Samsung, has begun an international recall of 2.5m Galaxy Note 7 devices after more than 100 devices started smoking, sparking or caught fire—in some cases (29)________________ ( cause ) fire damage and injury.Several other companies, including Hewlett Packard, Tesla and the makers of so-called “hoverboards”, have also experienced problems (30)________________ their lithium-ion batteries, though the vast majority work without problems.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In late February, a mainland tourist caused a disturbance on a Hong Kong subway. The reason?Eating in public. In Hong Kong it is __31__ to eat on the subway, and when the tourist was scolded by a Hong Kong local, the situation escalated (升级) into a verbal slinging match.In New York City, eating on the subway is also controversial. No law bans the practice, but a Democratic state senator (参议员) introduced one last week. The __32__ law would ban eating on the subway system and __33__ first time violators $250 (1,579 yuan), according to the New York Times. Proponents of the bill argue that eating on the subway attracts rats. Others say the broader target should be litterbugs, rather than those who carefully sip their coffee and eat their bread on the way to wo rk. They also argue that “street food” is an important part of New York’s culture and history. Banning its __34__in public areas such as the subway would have negative effects.Street food, and eating in public places is a deep-rooted cultural practice in cities as diverse as New York, Beijing and Paris. But while __35__, it has been traditionally thought of as the behavior of the lower classes. Eating in public was (and in some places, still is) associated with __36__, poorer people. In the 19th century, eating in public was seen as a threat to morality and public health. Putnam’s (a popular magazine at the time) stated: “Eating in public may cause a certain __37__ of manner and disinterest in little ladies and gentlemen.” It was something people in the Victorian era did not want to __38__. A recent New York Times article drew a link between this moral __39__ about street food and concern over the growing populations of Irish, German, Italian and Jewish __40__ who ran food carts in the 1800s.Whether you l ove eating street food, or have to eat your breakfast on the run, it’s best to be considerate when enjoying a bite in public.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The two most common organizational patterns of the family are the nuclear family and the extended family. To a large extent, these patterns __41__ a society’s primary subsistence (存在) strategy.American social scientists have generally agreed that families everywhere fulfill four crucial social __42__: (a) reproduction of new members, (b) child care, (c) socialization of children to values, traditions, and norms of the society, and (d) intimacy and support for members. Although we can define the family __43__ its functions, the emphasis given to each of them varies widely both geographically and __44__. For example, in nineteenth-century America, people married mainly to have children. Today, emotional support among family members has now become the dominant function of the family, and the family has become an economic unit for consumption rather than for __45__.In recent years, social scientists have discovered important __46__ in family types, such as the single-parent family and the nuclear family fixed within a network of kin (亲戚). American families also __47__ according to social class. A couple’s social class affects the number of children they will decide to have, if any, and also the likelihood of __48__ to the family because of illness, death, or divorce. Social class also influences the amount of stress a marriage is likely to undergo and the way parents raise their children.__49__, the extent to which American families now differ by __50__ appears to be much less than it was fifty years ago.The American family has been __51__ in a number of ways over the past few decades. Many people are marrying later, having children later, and having fewer children or none at all. These social changes have __52__ diverse household patterns, including single-person households and childless couples. Role changes are also occurring as both partners pursue __53__ and share family responsibilities.Many innovative family arrangements are attempts to enhance the commitment of marriage while increasing individual freedom and fulfillment. In this way, families are __54__ such broad social trends as delayed marriage, greater participation of women in the job market, and a rising rate of divorce. Undoubtedly, the American family will continue to be subjected to such pressures, but how __55__ will these future adaptations be?41.A. reflect B. change C. confirm D. replace42.A. performances B. activities C. relations D. functions43.A. with regard to B. in terms of C. in combination with D. for the purpose of44.A. racially B. financially C. historically D. spiritually45.A. inhabitation B. competition C. connection D. production46.A. variations B. units C. arrangements D. characteristics47.A. develop B. extend C. differ D. evolve48.A. contribution B. destruction C. combination D. application49.A. Therefore B. Also C. Contrarily D. However50.A. family size B.work pressure C. economic status D. social class51.A. expanding B. divided C. valued D. changing52.A. focused on B. resulted in C. appealed to D. called for53.A. trends B. study C. careers D. goals54.A. adapting to B. dealing with C. worrying about D. getting rid of55.A. sociable B. available C. extensive D. naturalSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）The Hawthorne experiment was conducted in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The management of Western Electric’s Hawthorne plant, located near Chicago, wanted to find out if environmental factors, such as lighting, could affect workers’ pro ductivity and morale. A team of social scientists experimented with a small group of employees who were set apart from their coworkers. The environmental conditions of this group’s work area were controlled, and the subjects themselves were closely observed. To the great surprise of the researchers, the productivity of these workers increased in response to any change in their environmental conditions. The rate of work increased even when the changes (such as a sharp decrease in the level of light in the workplace) seemed unlikely to have such an effect.It was concluded that the presence of the observers had caused the workers in the experimental group to feel special. As a result, the employees came to know and trust one another, and they developed a strong belief in the importance of their job. The researchers believed that this, not the changes in the work environment, accounted for the increased productivity.A later reanalysis of the study data challenged the Hawthorne conclusions on the grounds that the changes in patterns of human relations, considered so important by the original researchers, were never measured. However, even if the original conclusions must be revised, they nonetheless raise a problem for social scientists: Research subjects who know they are being studied can change their behavior. Throughout the social sciences, this phenomenon has come to be called the Hawthorne effect.56.The author implies that a sharp decrease in light increased workers’ output because ________________.A.the workers experienced less eyestrain in a dark working placeB.the workers had to pay more attention to what they were doingC. the workers knew they were being observed, and this motivated themD. the workers in the experiment were paid more than other workers57.The pattern of organization of the second paragraph is________________.A. list of itemsB. time orderC. definition and exampleD. cause and effect58.The Hawthorne experiment suggests that________________.A.workers’ attitudes are more important than their environmentB.social scientists are good workersC.productivity in electric plants tends to be lowD.even those who were not in the experiment improved their productivity59.The author’s main purpose is________________.A.to explain the Hawthorne effectB.to prove the importance of researchC.to amuse with a surprising experimentD.to suggest ideas for future research(B)Join IMDb and Become a Founding Supporter of the Academy Museum of Motion PicturesThe Academy of Motion Pictures Arts &Sciences is build ing the world’s leading moviemuseum in the heart of Los Angeles. TheAcademy Museum of Motion Pictures, scheduledto open in 2017, will contain six stories ofstate-of-the-art galleries, exhibition spaces, movietheaters and educational areas. Throughgroundbreaking exhibitions and innovativeprogramming, the Museum will explore how Hollywood and the film industry have shaped culture and creativity around the world. Designed by Renzo Piano, the Academy Museum will be located next to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art ( LACMA ) campus in the landmarked Wilshire May Company Building.To help ensure this long-held dream of the Academy becomes a reality, the Academy has launched a $300 million fundraising campaign, led by Bob Iger, Annette Bening and Tom Hanks. We hope you can join IMDb and the Academy Museum’s community of early supporters by making a gift to the campaign today. Or, sign up for the Academy Museum mailing list to hear about upcoming museum events and developments.Donate NowHelp make movie history and join in elite group of supporters, including IMDb, by making your contribution today.To see a full list of the Academy Museum founding supporters, click here. If you would like to make a donation or learn more about naming opportunities, please contact Christine Joyce Rodriguez, Manager of Annual Giving, at Christine.Rodriguez@ or 310 247 3040.60.The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures is located________________ .A. in the downtown area of Los AngelesB. in the suburb of the city of Los AngelesC. in the Los Angeles County Museum of ArtD. in the centre of Wilshire May Company61. The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures will focus on________________ .A. the exhibition of film equipmentB. the impact of film industry on world cultureC. the popularity of Hollywood movie cultureD. the achievements of American galleries and theatres62. The passage is intended to________________ .A. promote the Academy Museum and make movie historyB. arouse people’s interest in the Academy MuseumC. raise enough money for the Academy MuseumD. help realize the Academy Museum founding supporters’ dreams（C）To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorf’s declaration that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is human creation; it does not exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination.Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who declare that the switch to an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not restricted to the few.In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods. It is the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.63. Why does the author give the examples of the Challenger and Chernobyl?A. To show that technology could be used to destroy our world.B. To stress the author’s concern about the safety of complex technology.C. To prove that technology usually goes wrong, if not controlled by man.D. To demonstrate that being a human creation, technology is likely to make an error.64. What does the phrase“went haywire” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. were out of rangeB. went out of dateC. fell out of useD. got out of control65. According to the author, the introduction of the computer is a revolution mainly because_________________.A. the computer has revolutionized the workings of the human mindB. the computer can do the tasks that could only be done by people beforeC. it has helped to switch to an information technologyD. it has a great potential impact on society66. In the passage, the author clearly shows his_________________.A. keen insight into the nature of technologyB. sharp criticism of the role of the Industrial RevolutionC. thorough analysis of the replacement of the human mind by computersD. comprehensive description of the negative consequences of technologySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.How to Keep Your Digital Memories Safe?Do you value your digital stuff? Nearly everyone is creating things with computers, and some do it without any concern for its value. Others recognize its current value, but think little about what it could mean to them in the future, and either isn’t aware or doesn’t think that all of it could be destroyed tomorrow. But hard drives die all the time, and the online services into which people sink their time close with alarming regularity, taking the work of millions of people with it. __________67__________Steps1.Prepare to make a quick backup. If nothing else, get a cheap USB stick and drag-and-drop your documents folder onto it.Worry about the other things later.You should do more than this, but it’s most important to take the most valuable, irreplaceable information from your hard drive and put it on a second medium to guard against hard drive failure, theft or loss.2.Decide what you value. Some questions to ask yourself are:How replaceable is this data? How good are you at assessing the value of items?__________68__________For things like business accounts and documents, the answer is of course you would. This kind of thing should be your first priority.3.Start making backups.__________69__________Diminishing returns(效益递减) apply in backups as they do with everything else. The cheapest and simplest backup methods take care of an overwhelming majority of likely loss-of-stuff. Over-complicating your backup strategy is the biggest trap: the more complicated and expensive you insist on making it, the less likely you are to do it.4.__________70__________If one of your backup drives fails, replace it immediately. Remember that all storage devices eventually become obsolete(陈旧的). If you have valuable files on obsolete media, those files become increasingly difficult to access with every passing year. So in order to keep your files accessible, remember to migrate your collection to new storage media periodically.IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Airline seats have been one-size-fits-all since the beginning. Today, those 16.5 to 18-inch wide seats are anything but.According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity(肥胖症)has more than doubled since 1980. In 2014, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight, and over 600 million were obese.The unchanged seat size and increase of obese passengers highlight the conflict between airlines’ needs and basic passenger rights.Last month, lawyer Giorgio Destro,an Italian lawyer, sued Emirates, claiming his flight was disrupted by an obese passenger seated next to him. According to reports, Destro was not able to comfortably sit in his assigned seat, and spent much of the nine-hour flight standing or sitting in crew seats, because a 400-pound passenger took up half of his seat.Many airlines have responded to the growing obesity by insisting passengers of size buy two seats to ensure safety and comfort. Samoa Air, for example, is charging by weight (which has become known as a “fat tax”). At first glance, the fat tax issue sounds discriminatory (歧视的), but some argue that this is purely down to numbers.A kilo is a kilo. It has nothing to do with the condition of the weight.The heavier a plane is, the more fuel it burns through.In other words, the argument is whether it is fair that a 150-pound person is charged for their 50-pound bag, when a 300-pound person with a carry-on isn’t charged anything extra.However, Peggy Howell of NAAFA argues that obesity is an illness, and that obese people should be entitled to having certain rights protected.“We question the legality of the disc riminatory policy and whether it violates the Air Carrier Access Act governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities,” she says. “The American Medical Association (AMA) recently declared obesity a disease, which should make fat passengers a protect ed class.”Howell points out that the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) addressed this issue in 2009, and issued a ‘one-person, one-fare’ ruling covering passengers with disabilities. Those passengers include ones who are ‘clinically obese’ and who cann ot fit into a single seat.V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 互联网经济在为中国的国内外贸易提供新的机遇。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You are checking your emails when you start daydreaming about where to go on your summer holiday. This reminds you to compare the cost of local gyms. Then you suddenly decide to look up some place for your birthday party.You may think you are browsing the Internet in a slightly absent-minded manner. You are, in fact, “wilfing”. According to a survey for a financial website, almost seven in ten Internet users admit to the newly named habit. The study of 2400 people carried out by YouGov found that more than a quarter of Internet users wilf ---- a rough acronym of What Was I Looking For? ---- for two days every month.Pete Cohen, GMTV‟s resident life coach and motivator, said, “Stopping yourself wilfing takes a mixture of planning and willpower. These days there are all manners of website attracting our attention. Internet users need to set themselves a specific surfing goal and a time limit to keep on track.”Shopping in the online activity is most likely to make users wilf. Men are more likely to admit to being wilfers than women. A third of the men questioned said the habit had damaged their relationship with a partner. The good news is that wilfing is a habit people tend to grow out of. Internet users aged 55 or over were three times less likely to wilf than those aged under 25.Jason LIoyed, from ,said, “The Internet was designed to make it easier for people to access the information they need quickly and conveniently. Although people log on with a purpose, they are now being offered so much choice and online distractions that many forget what they are there for, and spend hours aimlessly wilfing instead. It‟s important that people do not allow unnecessary online distractions to get in the way when surfing in the Internet, as it can affect produ ctivity in the workplace and relationship at home.”Are you a wilfer, lost in the Internet?56. The underlined word “acronym” in Para. 2 most probably means ______.A. a phenomenon that makes people daydreamB. a summary of the book “What Was I Looking For?”C. an expression meaning taking people‟s attention awayD. a word composed of the first letters of the words in a phrase57. What is an efficient way to stop wilfing according to the passage?A. Stopping taking a mixture of planning and willpower to keep on track.B. Trying to focus on different subjects at the same time.C. Trying to set a surfing goal and a time limit.D. Logging on the Internet all the time.58. It can be concluded from paragraph 4 that ______.A. men are less likely to be wilfing than womenB. wilfing damages the relationship between partnersC. as you grow older, you‟ll become more and more wilfingD. one third of Internet users will be wilfers lost on the Internet59. What can be called “wilfing” according to the passage?A. You spend hours aimlessly surfing the Internet every day.B. You suddenly decide to look up some information about clothes.C. You are accessing the information you need quickly and conveniently.D. You are browsing some of your emails which haven‟t been checked for months.Keys:56-59: DCBASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)①Did English football finally find a new star? At the age of 19, Theo Walcott came onto the scene by scoring a hat-trick for England in a 4-1 victory over Croatia in 2010 World Cup.②Walcott‟s lightning speed and accurate shooting turned the teenager into an overnight star. Many thought he was a new dawn for the England team. He was building his fame for his fast pace, with former Barcelona manager Pep declaring that “you would need a gun to stop him.” FIFA World Player of the Year winner Lionel Messi once also described Walcott as “one of the most dangerous players I have ever played against.” In addition to his speed, Walcott also possessed good balance, movement and technique.③It was symbolic that Walcott‟s goals came from the right-wing. The position had been played by “golden boy” David Beckham for more than 10 years. No longer were the cheers for Beckham. The fans‟ hopes now rested on the shoulders of Walcott.④Walcott was born in London to a black British Jamaican father and a white English mother. He grew up as a Liverpool fan due to his father‟s support of Liverpool. When Chelsea asked him to be a ball boy, he used the opportunity to meet his Liverpool idols.⑤The teenager‟s rise to fame was not completely out of blue. He was part of England‟s World Cup team in 2006, but he did not get to play a match. He also spent over two years at Arsenal, where he was fast becoming a key player.⑥But that year, few were expecting the wonderful performance between England and Croatia. The teenager was the first England player to score three goals in a game since Michael Owen did so seven years before.⑦Although England was full of superstars, they had a poor record in major tournaments. But things were beginning to change. The win against Croatia was sweet revenge. Croatia was the team which knocked England out of Euro 2008.⑧Walco tt‟s wonderful performance lighted England fans‟ hope for World Cup victory in South Africa in 2010, since England had not lifted the cup since 1966.⑨But before England fans got too carried away, our reflection on the past history told us that placing a c ountry‟s hopes on one teenager was dangerous.56. Which of the following CANNOT account for Walcott‟s increasing fame?A. Fast speed.B. Masterly skills.C. Positional sense.D. Unusual family.57. Why did the author mention David Beckham in the 3rd paragraph?A. To show that England football once had a glorious history.B. To illustrate that Walcott could be entitled “golden boy”.C. To indicate that England fans were difficult to please.D. To imply that people had high expectation on Walcott.58. In the 5th paragraph, the underlined phrase “out of blue” most probably means “________”.A. impoliteB. unexpectedC. impossibleD. unintentional59. What is the author most likely to agree with?A. Walcott might not live up to fa ns‟ expectation.B. Walcott might transfer from Arsenal to Liverpool.C. Croatia might change the history of the World Cup.D. England might be defeated by the opponent in the next round.Keys:56-59 DDBASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Jeremy Baras remembers the first time heever saw a pop-up a restaurant. The 26-year-oldentrepreneur（企业家）was on vacation inEngland four years ago and had to look up at theLondon Eye Ferries wheel to see it. Hanging abovehim was a capsule full of diners who were served anew course each time a revolution was made.“I thought that was the coolest thing ever”, he says. Baras, who founded in 2012 to promote the idea of pop-up restaurants in USA, has been studying them ever since.Pop-ups, which have been around since at least the early 2000s, are open anywhere from a few hours to several months, but their defining feature is that they are temporary. They may beonly a tiny part of the $709 billion U.S. restaurant industry, but popups have gotten a boost in recent years as a lower-cost, lower- risk way for entrepreneurs to test the waters. Some restaurant owners see them as a way to renew interest in existing locations. And some struggling cities, like Oakland, Calif., have turned to them to help revitalize local economies impacted by the recession （衰退）.The concept has been especially popular with up-and-coming chefs who want to test-drive as a menu concept without investing a fortune in a permanent space. “Your cooks and chefs are really talented, but they‟re stuck in the back of somebody else‟s kitchen cooking somebody else‟s menu,” says Zach Kupperman, chief businessman officer and co-founder of Dinner Lab.Chefs in Dinner Lab cook in the middle of space, give a brief introduction about the menu and themselves — and then bravely listen to diner feedback afterward. Pop-ups‟ temporary nature also allows restaurateurs to charge a deposit to make sure the diners will show up.Of course, trends in the food industry come and go quickly, and there is no guarantee that diners won‟t tire of the concept. Some en trepreneurs have resorted to even a weirder locations —in a former limestone mine, say, or at the top of a crane — to keep customers interested. Says Baras, “It's not quite part of the mainstream economy yet.”56. What does the underlined part “a revolution wasmade” in Paragraph One possibly mean?A. Chefs designed creative dishes.B. Diners tasted food in an innovative way.C. The capsule containing diners made a circle.D. Great changes were made in the food industry.57. Which of the following might NOT be the reasons for pop-up restaurants‟ fast development?A. Being temporary features pop-up restaurants.B. Pop-up restaurant can restore local economy to prosperity.C. Business owners venture into the business with fewer risks and investments.D. Restaurant owners can make diners interested in the original restaurants again.58. Perspective chefs are drawn to pop-ups due to the fact that__________________.A. pop-ups are becoming increasingly popular with diners worldwideB. they have the desire to explore a safer way to make a livingC. their investment in pop-ups will bring them a fortune on a permanent basisD. pop-ups provide a flexible test field for talented chefs‟ originality59. The writer‟s propose of writing the passenger is to___________________.A. appeal to people to dine out in pop-up restaurantsB. give a brief introduction of pop-up restaurantsC. warn business owners of the appearance of pop-up restaurantsD. foresee the future of pop-up restaurants‟ developmentKeys:56—59 CADBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)In Michael Morpurgo‟s novel War Horse, the horse is not only the principal character,he is the teller of his own story.Set in England and France 100 years ago War Horse tells the story of Joey, a handsome young horse who strikes up a close relationship with Albert, the teenage son of Joey‟s owner.But war breaks out and they are separated and plunged into the horrors of the war in France.Both survive and are finally reunited after a remarkable series of events seen through the eyes of the splendid war horse, Joey.The following cutting comes from near the beginning of the book after Albert, much to his56. What amazed Albert‟s father was that Joey could_______.A. help turn the soilB. survive the horrible warC. tell his own storiesD. make friends with people57. As for the coming war,Mother said that________.A. their village would get involved very soon.B. both Albert and Joey could be tough fightersC. the old duke‟s death maybe meant nothing to themD. Albert was not grown up enough to join the army58. Which of the following best describes Albert according to Joey‟s account in war horse?A. Imaginative but timidB. Innocent but braveC. Quiet but thoughtfulD. Ambitious but coldKeys: 56-58 ADBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.ALate one autumn day at the aquatic center(水上运动中心）in Ancenis, France, something wentquietly, horribly wrong. An 18-year-old named Jean-Francois LeRoy was a regular, coming often in the early evenings to swim in the 25-meter pool. Drownings are often difficult to spot. Most are near-silent incidents where the victim quickly sinks out of view. On this particular day maybe the lifeguards weren't paying as close attention as they should have been. Certainly they believed the tall athletic LeRoy was not a high-risk swimmer.But on this evening LeRoy was practicing apnea(屏气）swimming—testing how far he could swim underwater on one breath—and at some point, without making any visible or audible disturbance on the water's surface, he lost consciousness. The guards failed to notice as he stopped swimming and sank to the bottom of the deep end of the pool. With his arms crossed over his head and his feet twitching (抽搐),he was unconscious and drowning. It would lake him as little as four minutes to die.Although the human lifeguards watching the pool were unaware, 12 large machine eyes deep underwater were watching the whole thing and taking notice. Just nine months earlier the center had installed a state-of-the-art electronic surveillance system called Poseidon, a network of cameras that feeds a computer programmed to use a set of complex mathematical procedure to distinguish between normal and distressed swimming. Poseidon covers a pool's entire swimming area and can distinguish among dim reflections, shadows, and actual swimmers. It can also tell when real swimmers are moving in a way they're not supposed to. When the computer detects a possible problem, it instantly activates a beeper to warn lifeguards and displays the exact incident location on a monitor. The rest is up to the humans above the water.Sixteen seconds after Poseidon noticed the large, sinking lump that was Jean-Francois LeRoy, lifeguards had LeRoy out of the pool and gave him first aid. He started breathing again. After one night in the local hospital, he was released with no permanent damage. Poseidon had saved his life.56.People sometimes fail to detect accidents in the swimming pool because _______ .A.lifeguards neglect their dutiesB. drowning men don‟t struggle in waterC.there is no electronic surveillance system installedD.drownings often occur quietly and quickly57.Which of the following statements in NOT true?A.Lifeguards will give way to Poseidon system.B.Poseidon system can locate drowning incidents.C.Poseidon system can pick out unusual swimmers.D.Lifeguards will count on Poseidon system.58.The purpose of this passage is to ______________ .A.publicize a machine which can watch out for swimmers in distressB.tell people what may happen in a swimming poolC.warn swimmers not to swim underwater aloneD.advertise an aquatic center equipped with state-of-the-art devicesKeys: 56-58 D AASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)They swim lovely along the shore, looking for underwater greens to feed on. But these days, along Florida‟s western coast, something is mixing with the sea grass that manatees(海牛) like to eat. And it‟s making them sick - even killing them.It‟s a poisonous form of algae, usually called “red tide” because of its color. Algae are plant-like organisms that live mainly in water. Most are harmless, but not red tide. When it gets mixed in with the grass and the manatees eat it, they get so sick th at they can‟t even swim.“They‟re basically paralyzed(瘫痪的), and they become unconscious,”said Virginia Edmonds, an animal care manager. Manatees are mammals and they need to surface often to breathe in air. If a manatee is paralyzed, it can‟t swim and will drown.As of Monday, the current red tide outbreak has killed at least 174 manatees since the beginning of this year. That has already beaten Florida‟s record-high number for manatee deaths in a single year - and we still have nearly nine months to go!T he experts aren‟t sure when the red tide outbreak will end. So many more manatees are in danger. The situation has gotten so desperate that Florida zoos have rescued at least a dozen manatees. You can find manatees anywhere from Brazil up to Florida - and throughout much ofthe Caribbean Sea.In fact, the manatee is officially considered an endangered species. Thanks to the US government‟s protection, Florida‟s manatee population has grown to approximately 5,000 in recent years. But the red tide is threatening their survival. Some experts suspect that pollution from farms even might be fueling the red tide outbreak, because fertilizer that‟s used on farms often winds up in water. And when that fertilized water runs off into the Gulf of Mexico, it makes things grow faster - just like on land.56. The word “them”(in the 1st paragraph) probably refers to “________”.A. underwater greensB. algaeC.manateesD.endangered animals57. We can learn from the passage that the red tide ________.A.causes 174 manatees‟ deaths every month.B.disables manatees‟ ability to surface to breathe.C.has destroyed most of the underwater greens.D.helps to fertilize farm lands.58. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The experts‟ efforts to keep the red tide from spreading.B. The potential cause of the expansion of the red tide.C. The present situation of manatees in Florida.D. The deadly effect of the poisonous red tide on manatees.59. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The red tide has been changing the manatees‟ habitant.B. The manatee is officially an endangered species.C. More efforts should be made to save the manatees.D. The red tide has been threatening the manatees.Keys: 56-59 CBADSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)They say a cat has nine lives, and I think that possible since I am now living my third life and Pm not even a cat. My father died when T was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living. And my mother, who was seriously ill in her last years, died while still in her 60s. My sister married soon after, and I followed her example within the year.This was when I began to enjoy my first life. T was very happy, in excellent health. I had a good job in San Jose and a beautiful home up the peninsula in San Carlos. Life was a pleasant dream. Then the dream ended. I became afflicted（使苦恼）with a slowly progressive disease of the motornerves, affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side. Thus began my second life....In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car. And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps. Crazy? Not at all. Our home was an affair with 14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door. Those steps were a standard measure of life. They were my yardstick, my challenge to continue living. I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it ---repeating the process 14 times, I would be through---1 could then admit defeat and lie down and die.Then on a dark night in August, 1971, I began my third life. It was raining when I started home that night; strong winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled roads. Suddenly the steering wheel jerked（猝然一动） . In the same instant I heard thebang of a blowout. It was impossible for me to change that tire! Utterly impossible!I started the engine and thumped slowly along until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in and where I found lighted windows welcomed me to a house and pulled into the driveway and blared the horn.The door opened and a little girl stood there. When she knew what happened to me, she went into the house and a moment later came out, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting. I sat there comfortable and dry, and felt a bit sorry for the man and the little girl working so hard in the storm.About an hour later, the man's voice was heard, “This is a bad night for car trouble, but you're all set now. ” “Thanks，” I said. “How much do I owe you?” He shook his head, “Nothing. Cynthia told me you were a cripple. Glad to be of help. 1 know you'd do the same for me. There‟s no charge, friend.” I held out a five-dollar bill，“No! I like to pay my way.” He made no effort to take it and the little girl stepped closer to the window and said quietly, “Grandpa can‟t see it. ”56. “A cat has nine lives” here means _________.A. a cat can live nine times longer than any other animalB. a cat can die ninthC. a lucky man cannot die easilyD. the writer will live nine times57. What do you think of the man who helped change the tire? .A. Warm-hearted but pitiableB. Warm-hearted and happyC. A blind old man that has nothing to do every dayD. A poor old man that is always ready to help others58. How will the story be ended?A. The writer paid the little girl but the old man did not accept.B. The writer drove away with tears running down his cheek.C. The writer stayed there, without knowing what to do and how to do.D. In the next few frozen seconds the writer felt the shame and astonishment he had never feltbefore.59. The best title for this passage perhaps will be ___________.A. The Old Man and His DaughterB. Heart Leaping UpC. Never Lose HeartD. Good Will Be Rewarded GoodKeys:56-59 CBDBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）The Hawthorne experiment was conducted in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The management of Western Electric‟s Hawthorne plant, located near Chicago, wanted to find out if environmental factors, such as lighting, could affect workers‟ productivity and mora le. A team of social scientists experimented with a small group of employees who were set apart from their coworkers. The environmental conditions of this group‟s work area were controlled, and the subjects themselves were closely observed. To the great surprise of the researchers, the productivity of these workers increased in response to any change in their environmental conditions. The rate of work increased even when the changes (such as a sharp decrease in the level of light in the workplace) seemed unlikely to have such an effect.It was concluded that the presence of the observers had caused the workers in the experimental group to feel special. As a result, the employees came to know and trust one another, and they developed a strong belief in the importance of their job. The researchers believed that this, not the changes in the work environment, accounted for the increased productivity.A later reanalysis of the study data challenged the Hawthorne conclusions on the grounds that the changes in patterns of human relations, considered so important by the original researchers, were never measured. However, even if the original conclusions must be revised, they nonetheless raise a problem for social scientists: Research subjects who know they are being studied can change their behavior. Throughout the social sciences, this phenomenon has come to be called the Hawthorne effect.56. The author implies that a sharp decrease in light increased workers‟ output because ________.A. the workers experienced less eyestrain in a dark working placeB. the workers had to pay more attention to what they were doingC. the workers knew they were being observed, and this motivated themD. the workers in the experiment were paid more than other workers57. The pattern of organization of the second paragraph is__________.A. list of itemsB. time orderC. definition and exampleD. cause and effect58. The Hawthorne experiment suggests that___________.A. workers‟ attitudes are more important than thei r environmentB. social scientists are good workersC. productivity in electric plants tends to be lowD. even those who were not in the experiment improved their productivity59. The author‟s main purpose is_____________.A. to explain the Hawthorne effectB. to prove the importance of researchC. to amuse with a surprising experimentD. to suggest ideas for future researchKeys:56-59 CDAASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds isbound to make an impression. But in Mary Fields‟ case, these features wereoutmatched by a heart of gold that made her legendary (传奇的).Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, noteven a date of birth. However, in her early years, she found something of trulylasting value—a friend named Dolly. In addition to friendship, Dolly also may have taught Mary to read and write, an invaluable advantage for slaves. At the end of America‟s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom and made her own way out into the world.Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun(修女) in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary arrived in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus‟ girls‟ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a gun-carrying, cigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years,though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first black woman to settle in central Montana.When Mary was in her 50s, a sick Mother Amadeus called her West. So Mary made her way to the small town of Cascade, Montana, to nurse Amadeus to health. She did this and more, running supplies and visitors to St. Peter‟s Mission where Amadeus lived. Once when her wagon (四轮马车) overturned, she guarded the delivery from wolves through the night.But Mary‟s rough edges caused the local bishop (主教) to prohibit her from working at the mission. Mother Amadeus then set her up as the first African-American female employee of the U.S. Postal Service. Though in her 60s, Mary was such a dependable mail carrier that she earned the name “Stagecoach” Mar y. She became a beloved figure in Cascade. She was the only woman allowed in the saloon (酒馆), was the baseball team‟s biggest fan and was given free meals in the town hotel.Nearly 70, Mary quit delivering the mail but remained in Cascade. The town‟s schoo l closed to celebrate her unknown birthday twice a year. When she passed away in 1914, a simple cross was placed to mark her grave and her legend in the Wild West.56. What about Mary Fields impressed people most?A. Her tall and fat figure.B. Her reputation as an educated slave.C. Her friendliness and responsibility.D. Her habit of carrying a gun and smoking.57. Which of the following shows Mary‟s life experience in the order of time?①Mary began to deliver mail in Cascade.②Mary worked in a school in Montana.③Mary was taught to read and write.④Mary took care of sick Amadeus.⑤Mary worked on a steamed boat.A. ⑤①③②④B. ⑤④②①③C. ②④⑤③①D. ③⑤②④①58. Mary became a mail carrier because ________.A. people in Cascade loved herB. she once worked at St. Peter‟s MissionC. Mother Amadeus recommended herD. the US Postal Service needed a female employee59. In th e last paragraph, “her legend” most probably refers to ________.A. her high social statusB. her unusual life as a pioneerC. her friendship with Amadeus.D. her role in the liberation of slaves。

2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷第I卷第一部分: 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Who has given up smoking?A. Jack.B. Frank.C. The woman.2. Why does the woman apologize to the man?A. She broke his telephone.B. She didn’t take him to the hospital.C. She forgot to tell him the message.3. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Salesgirl and customer.B. Passenger and driver.C. Wife and husband.4. What is the woman’s opinion about the course?A. Too hard.B. Worth taking.C. Very easy.5. What is the woman doing?A. She is apologizing.B. She is complaining.C. She is worrying.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出虽佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

英语试卷 第1页（共18页）英语试卷 第2页（共18页）绝密★启用前上海市2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Who has given up smoking? A. Jack.B. Frank.C. The woman.2. Why does the woman apologize to the man? A. She broke his telephone.B. She didn’t take him to the hospital.C. She forgot to tell him the message.3. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Salesgirl and customerB. Passenger and driverC. Wife and husband.4. What is the woman’s opinion about the course? A. Too hardB. Worth takingC. Very easy.5. What is the woman doing? A. She is apologizingB. She is complainingC. She is worrying.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出虽佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)A group of college students is hoping to place a satellite powered only by water into an orbit (轨道) around the moon.The students are from Cornell University in thestate of New York. They are taking part in acompetition called the Cube Quest Challenge. It is aprogram of NASA, the American space agency. TheCornell team is called the CisLunar Explorers. Theword cislunar means “between the earth and themoon.”The challenge is simple: to design, build anddeliver “flight-qualified, small satellites.” NASA off icials say the satellites must be able to perform “advanced operations near and beyond the moon.”Ten teams are taking part in the competition. But the CisLunar Explorer satellites are different. They are the only ones using water to power their spacecraft.The idea for a water-powered vehicle came from Mason Peck, who works at Cornell University. He once worked as NASA’s chief technologist. He has always wanted to use something other than rockets to push spacecraft beyond earth. “A lot of the mass we send into orbit these days is in the form of rockets -- the only way we get anything into space,” he said, in a Cornell press release. “But what if we could use what’s already there? If we could do that, if we could re-fuel spacecraft while they’re already in space...”The spacecraft is shaped like the English letter L. It measures about 30 centimeters in length, and the two pieces are connected. Water is stored in the lower part of the satellite. The sun will separate the water into two elements: hydrogen and oxygen. When one combines hydrogen andoxygen with a spark (火花), an explosion results. This provides a forward movement, known as thrust.The CisLunar Explorer team has an unusual way to guide its spacecraft. The idea is to copy how old-time sailors used the moon, sun and stars to fix their position on the oceans. The satellite is equipped with cameras. The cameras will take pictures of the sun, the earth and the moon and compare their positions and their sizes. Based on where the sun, moon and earth are at any given time, the CisLunar Explorers will do the mathematics to find their position.The competition is being held in four parts. The Cornell team has been among the top three competitors during parts one and two. The winners of the third stage will be announced in about a month. The final three winners will be announced in early 2017. They will get to ride on NASA’s space launch system in early 2018.63. The essential part of the competition “the Cube Quest Challenge” is ______.A. to launch a satellite to take a watery flight to the moonB. to design, build and deliver a small and flight-qualified satelliteC. to place a satellite powered only by water into an orbit around the moonD. to make the satellite perform advanced operations near and beyond the moon64. What does Mason Peck want to do at Cornell University according to the passage?A. To stop using rockets for the sake of safety.B. To use something already in space as power.C. To try using water in space to push spacecraft.D. To design a water-powered vehicle to push spacecraft.65. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. there is a lot of rubbish of rockets and satellites in the orbit these daysB. a water-powered satellite will soon be sent into the orbit around the moonC. the explosion of the combination of hydrogen and oxygen provides powerD. the team members of the CisLunar Explorers are the students of Mason Peck66. What would be the best title of the passage?A. A Spacecraft Powered by WaterB. A Water-Powered Flight to the MoonC. A Competition for Water-Powered SatelliteD. A Design of Water-Powered Space JourneyKeys: 63-66: DBCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(C)①What does it say about the future of meat when the country’s largest processor of chicken, pork, and beef buys a stake(股份) in a start-up that aims to “perfectly replace animal protein with plant protein”?②Tyson Foods announced this week that it purchased a 5 percent stake in Beyond Meat, the Southern California-based food-tech start-up that made headlines earlier this year with its veggie burger that reportedly cooks and tastes like real beef.③To be sure, Beyond Meat’s meatless creations have yet to take the c ountry by storm. Although the 100 percent plant-based burgers have achieved plenty of positive press since they appeared for the first time in May, so far they’re only available at Whole Foods stores in seven states. Even though the company’s “chicken” strips, “beef” pies, and meatless frozen dinners are available nationwide, Beyond Meat is hardly a household name.④That may be what makes the news of Tyson’s investment all the more noteworthy. While the two companies declined to give details about the deal, it’s doubtful that Tyson’s 5 percent stake made much of dent(凹陷) in the meat giant’s coffers(金库). The company posted $41.4 billion in sales last year; prior to the deal with Tyson, Beyond Meat had reportedly raised $64 million in project capital funding—about what Tyson earns before lunch on any given day.⑤Tyson is doing pretty great. The company reported record third-quarter earnings per share in August and says that it expects overall meat production to increase 2 to 3 percent during the next financial year. But like a big oil company shelling out cash to invest in wind power, Tyson’s toe-in-the-water move to team up with a start-up devoted to bringing more plant-based protein to American dinner tables seems to suggest the meat industry is starting to see which way the winds are blowing.⑥Sales of plant-based protein, which totaled an estimated $5 billion last year, continue to pale compared with the market for meat in America—but vegetarian alternatives to meat are booming, with sales growing at more than double the rate for food products overall. The steady drumbeat of news about the negative health impacts, environmental problems, and animal welfare concerns associated with meat consumption appears to be sinking in. According to a survey released in April, more than half of Americans surveyed said they plan to eat more plant-based foods in the coming year.63. Beyond Meat’s veggie burger made headlines probably because __________.A. it makes perfect use of animal proteinB. it uses high tech in the making processC. it tastes as good as a genuine beef burgerD. it represents the diet trend in South California64. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the state of Beyond Meat?A. It is the creator of the country’s first 100 percent plant-based burgers.B. It has been well received as its products are available nationwide.C. It is far from being a match to real food processing giants like Tyson.D. It provides high-quality dining experience in selected Whole Foods stores.65. What can we infer from paragraph 4?A. The purchase of the stake barely costs a thing for Tyson.B. The 5 percent stake in Beyond Meat means a lot to Tyson.C. Tyson’s investment hasn’t caught the attention of the media as expected.D. Tyson is relying on this investment to raise more project capital funding.66. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Meat will still take over the market in spite of other alternatives.B. A major American meat company is betting on plant-based protein.C. Tyson and Beyond Meat work together to build a global meat giant.D. Plants have been found to contain protein that does more good to human beings.Keys: 63-66 CCABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(C)Spain’s Literary GeniusFour centuries ago, the author of one of the greatest comedic characters in the world literature took his last breath. Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616), the author of Don Quixote, is to the Spanish what Shakespeare is to the English and Dante is to Italians - a national literary icon.Cervantes’ book is still appreciated today, hundreds of years after its publication, because it’s a wonderfully truthful comedy. Don Quixote, like human beings generally, has great difficulty distinguishing reality from imagination. Readers may laugh at his strange behavior, but when we laugh, we laugh with recognition.The book records the adventures of Alonso Quijano, an older Spanish gentleman who loves romance novels. In truth, he reads far too many romances, and they have affected his mind. Quijano is so mixed up that he decides that he must become a knight himself. Imagine a comic book fan who decides to dress up as a superhero to fight crime, and you’ll get the picture.Setting the sceneAlonso Quijano reinvents himself as “Don Quixote de La Mancha”, an aristocratic（贵族的）name that suits his ambition of being a knight. Next, since every knight needs a horse, he finds himself an old one named Rocinante. But Rocinante is not exactly cut out for life as a knight’s horse. He’s tired from years of farm work. He’s unlikely to be of much help in any fight against an enemy.The heroes in the romances Quijano reads all had a lady to love. They were highborn, like the knights themselves. Quijano chooses Aldonza Lorenzo, a farmer’s daughter, to be his beloved. She becomes “Dulcinea del Toboso”, or “the sweet woman of Toboso”. How does Aldonza feel about Quijano’s attentions? She doesn’t feel much at all, actually. Aldonza is yet another byproduct of Quijano’s imagination, like so many things.Finding a sidekickNow comes Cervantes’ second great creation: Sancho Panza. Once servant in Quijano’shouse, Panza is promoted to the role of squire（随从）, because every self-respecting knight needs a squire. Panza has a sensible head on his shoulders, and he is a foil（衬托）to his foolish master.The pair faces many adventures, but none are as heroic as a knight’s should be. We laugh, rather than cry, as we read. Quijano tries to act on behalf of justice, but he doesn’t often succeed.Cervantes’ novel inspired a word that sums up Quijano’s romantic nature: “quixotic”. In English we use the word to describe someone who is idealistic but foolish in pursuit of his ideals. It is a mark of Cervantes’ genius that he was able to identify this trait and personify it using such a great comedic character. We should appreciate him for it on this significant occasion.63. On what occasion did the author write this review?A. The 400th anniversary of the publication of Don Quixote.B. An Italian Poet, Dante’s 800th birth anniversary.C. An English genius, William Shakespeare’s 400th death anniversary.D. Miguel de Cervantes’ 400th anniversary of his death.64. Which role is Alonso Quijano most likely to identify with?A. Miguel de Cervantes.B. Don Quixote de La Mancha.C. Dulcinea del Toboso.D. Sancho Panza.65.What can be inferred from the passage?A. Don Quixote’s failure of distinguish reality from imagination amuses the readers.B. Quijano manages to bring justice to the world by means of force.C. Quijano is a Spanish aristocrat with great ambition.D. Reading romance novel will make people behave in a foolish way.66.According to the author, readers admire Cervantes and his masterpiece because .A.Cervantes is equal to Shakespeare and Dante as a national literary iconB.Quijano’s adventure is romantic and heroicC. Cervantes has a genius for personifying Quijano’s quixotic nature in a truthful comedy.D. Quijano’s vivid imagination has brought other minor characters to lifeKeys:63—66 DBACSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(C)Not setting homework can be impossible in certain situations. There are many arguments in favour of homework, and most teachers would agree with many, if not all, of the following:homework is a perfect opportunity to go over calmly what was done with the teacher, and rethink and develop that initial input; homework offers a moment for students to work as individuals and develop learner self-governance outside the classroom;students and parents expect homework to be set and to be corrected. Nevertheless, the drawbacks that homework may have are often overlooked.There are two key issues which need to be raised when dealing with the concept of homework. Firstly, there is the question of home. Often homework is not done at home at all, but at a friend’s house, on the street, on the bus on the way to class or sitting on the step outside school before it opens. What’s more, all too often, for it to be done effectively at home, homework requires the participation and involvement of other adults. Parents play a crucial role in a child’s education, but they can’t always be available, for a number of very valid reasons, and a tutor’s ability to aid, guide, encourage and simply organize a son or daughter’s study may be limited in many ways. The implication are upsetting: if homework is crucial to success in class, some children have an automatic disability.Considering the second part of the compound noun opens up further questions. If the idea of home can be problematic, so too can the concept of work.Again, this will depend enormously on the context but , very often there is a lot of work put in. Demands on their time and attention span(持续时间)and all sorts of other impositions mean homework is usually something to get out of the way, to be ticked off as done, with the exercises completed as fast as possible. It is not always seen as useful times spent developing and strengthening what is done in class but, rather, as something quickly finished to keep the teacher at bay. It might be correct or not, copied from a friend or cut and pasted from the internet, but the important thing is that a teacher sees the exercise completed and, as a result, the task achieved:how much effort went into that result is not always appreciated or easy to evaluate and, even When work clearly falls below standard, and the mere fact of its having been done is often good enough. Teacher and students are happy because everyone has officially fulfilled their commitment.The ideal that students go home, think back to what they did with their teacher, use the great resources their books and the internet provide to revise, reflect and put everything they have seen in class in place, into action, into practice, does not often happen with some students.62. Which of the following is not among the advantages of homework according to paragraph 1?A. Solidifying the knowledge and skills learnt in class.B. Developing the ability of the independent learning.C. Building a closer teacher-student relationship.D. Meeting the requirements of students and parents.63. Speaking of the significant impact of homework u pon children’s success in class, some are just inferior to others because_______.A. their tutors are not always available to support themB. they are born without the ability to deal with conceptsC. their family circumstances limit their learning abilityD. some unknown reasons greatly hold up their progress64.“Keep the teacher at bay”(paragragh3) means the way homework is done____.A. imposes enormous meaningless evaluating work on teachersB. blocks teachers from knowing more about their studentsC. displays the great efforts students make to satisfy their teachersD. shows achievements teachers expect to accomplish in their work65. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Homework is hardly functioning as is naturally expected.B. Parents need to s tand away from their children’s homework.C. Students prefer doing homework elsewhere instead of at home.D. The quality of homework is usually teachers’ first concern.66.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？A. Are you ready for homework yet?B. Is there a way out for homework?C. Home and Work: it’s hard to combine.D. Homework or No homework: it is your choice.Keys:62-66 CCBABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C）Until 1964 most forms of gambling were illegal in the United States. Since then, however, more and more stales have legalized gambling in order to raise income. The U. S. gambling industry has gone from an attitude of “prohibition” to one of “promotion”, as all but five states have now legalized gambling as a solution to their depressed economies.Most states in the United States now depend on incomes from state lotteries (博彩）and use them for good causes, such as improving public education, maintaining slate parks, and developing environmental programs.State governments maintain that the voluntary contribution of funds through state lotteries is preferable to increase state sales or income taxes, and the residents of states using the lottery system tend to support this. The gaming industry has also benefited some of the nation's poorest citizens: Native Americans. The U. S. government ruled in 1988 that slates could not tax the revenues earned by gambling on Native American reservations. Having taken advantage of this ruling an open cosmos (赌场）on their reservations, many Native Americans moved from a life of poverty to a life of wealth.Although there are many advantages to legalized gambling, there has also been a good deal of criticism of state-supported gambling. As states increase their support of state lotteries, they seem to encourage commercial gambling in all its forms. About 50 percent of the U. S. population plays the lottery, according to a study by the University of Chicago. This trend has led to an increase in habitual gambling. More than 5 million Americans suffer from gambling addiction. Those most atrisk of becoming addicted include the poor, young people between twelve and eighteen years old, and women over the age of fifty, who are looking for some entertainment. As a result, many of them will end up in prison or even homeless. The promise of winning big fortune has created big problems.Perhaps the most important concern is the moral issue of legalized gambling. The lottery is the only form of gambling that is essentially a government control. Critics ask whether gambling is a proper function of government. Should the government be the spokesman for the expansion of gambling? Critics say state advertising of lotto emphasizes luck over hard work, instant happiness over careful planning and entertainment over savings. The traditional work ethic (道德准则) is being devalued by the pipedream of striking it rich, and this is sending confusing messages to young people.In 1996, Congress created a commission to conduct a legal study of the social and economic impacts of gambling in the United States. After two years of study, the Commission recommended an end to the expansion of legalized gambling and a ban on Internet gambling. Some feel this will severely hurt the gambling industry. Others fear that it is not enough and are asking the government to take a tough stand against gambling.61.According to the passage, we know that _______ .A.any forms of gambling were banned before 1964 in the USAB.the economical problems led to the rise of gambling industry in the USAC.all American stales have legalized gambling since 1964D.only five states have now legalized gambling because of the depressed economies62.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.State lottery system helps to raise money to improve people's public welfare.B. Gambling industry helps to change the American way of life.C. Gambling industry helps to improve the life of some poor Native Americans.D. State lottery system helps to increase state sales or income taxes.65.What is the author most concerned about?A.The expanding of the gambling industry.B.The suffering of the gambling-addicted people.C.The moral problems brought about by the legalized gambling.D.The disadvantage of Internet gambling.66. In Paragraph 5, the word “pipedream" means _________ .A. wonderful ideaB. creative ideaC. unworkable planD. practical plan KEYS: 63-66 BBCCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Books, Films and PlaysThe novelist’s medium is the written word. O ne might almost say the printed word. Typically the novel is consumed by a silent, individual reader, who may be anywhere at the time. The paperback novel is still the cheapest, most portable and adaptable form of narrative entertainment. It is limited to a single channel of information - writing. The narrative can go, effortlessly, anywhere: into space, people’s head, palaces, prisons and pyramids, without any consideration of cost or practical possibility. In determining the shape and content of his narrative, the writer is restricted by nothing except purely artistic criteria(评判标准). The novelist keeps absolute control over his text until it is published and received by the audience. He may be advised by his editor to revise his text, but if the writer refused to meet this condition no one would be surprised. It is not unknown for a well-established novelist to deliver his or her manuscript(手稿) and expect the publisher to print it exactly as written.However, not even the most well-established playwright or screenplay writer would submit(提交) a script and expect it to be performed without any rewriting. This is because plays and motion pictures are cooperative forms of narrative, using more than one channel of communication.The production of a stage play involves, as well as the words of the author, the physical presence of the actors, their voices and gestures, the “set” and possibly music. Although the script is the essential basis of both stage play and film, it is a basis for subsequent revision negotiated between the writer and the other creative people involved. They are given “approval” of the choiceof director and actors and have the right to attend rehearsals(排演), during which period they may undertake more rewriting work. In the case of the screenplay, the writer may have little or no control over the final form of his work. Contracts for the production of plays protect the rights of authors in this respect.In film or television work, on the other hand, the screenplay writer has no contractual right to this degree of consultation. While the script is going through its various drafts, the writer is in the driver’s seat, although sometimes receiving criticism from the producer and the director. But once the production is under way, artistic control over the project tends to pass to the director. This is a fact overlooked by most journalistic critics of television drama, who tend to give all the credit or blame for success or failure of a production to the writer and actors, ignoring the contribution, for good or ill, of the director.63. From the first and second paragraph, we know that ________.A. there should be artistic criteria for the novelists to followB. playwright or screenplay writers often have to rewrite their workC. compared with playwrights, novelists are relatively independentD. audience sometimes are the key factors to determine artistic criteria64. Why can the novelist expect the publisher to print the manuscript exactly as written?A. Because the novelist keeps absolute control over his text.B. Because the words in the novel are not difficult for readers.C. Because the novel is limited to a single channel of information - writing.D. Because the novelist is seldom advised by editors to revise the text.65. Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?A. Playwrights envy the simplicity of the novelist’s work.B. Experience in the theatre improves the work of screenplay writers.C. Screenplay writers usually have the final say in how a TV drama will turn out.D. Playwrights are frequently involved in revising their work.66. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Screenplay writers should take the success of television drama in their hands.B. Screenplay writers should be more sensitive about their contractual right.C. The directors play a decisive role in the final outcome of television drama.D. Critics of television drama tend to neglect the importance of writer and actors.KEYS: 63-66 CCDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（C）Here amid the steel and concrete canyons, green grass grows. A hawthorn tree(山楂树)stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend in the wind.But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety—especially 20,000 square feet of gardens—on its roof.As one of a handful of similar projects around the country, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce its “urban heat islands”, said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment.Heat islands-dark surfaces in the city, like rooftops---soak up heat. The retention(滞留）can bake a building, making it hard to cool down.The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Street in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the street below.The garden will provide greenery and shade. "And that,,, t4said the city officials, will save the city dollars on those hot summer days.55 The project savings from cooling is about $4,000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof.The stretching open-air rooftop garden is being carefully built on amulti-tiered(多展的）bed of special soil, polystyrene（聚苯乙烯）,egg-carton-shaped cones and “waterproof membrane(薄膜)’’ mall to keep the roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, min and plant life. The design calls for soil depths of 4 inches to 18 inches. When the last plants and seedlings are buried and the last bit of soil is laid, the garden will have circular brick stepping-stones winding up to hills.。

上海市静安区高考一模英语试卷一、语法填空Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use oneword that best fits each blank.How Do Avalanches HappenIf you’re ever skiing in the mountains, you’ll want to be aware of avalanches. An avalanche is a sudden flow of snow downa slope, such as a mountain. The amount of snow in an avalanche1. (vary) based on many things, but it can be such a huge amount that it can bury the bottom of a slope in dozens of feet of snow.Avalanches 2. be caused by natural things. For e某ample, new snow or rain can cause built-up snow to loosen and fall down the side of a mountain. Artificial triggers（诱发因素）can also cause avalanches. For e某ample, snowmobiles, skiers, and e某plosives 3. (know) to lead to avalanches.Avalanches? usually occur? during the? winter? and spring, 4. snowfall? is? greatest.? As they are dangerous to any living beings in their path, avalanches have destroyed forests, roads, railroads and even entire towns. Warning signs e某ist thatallow e某perts to predict -- and often prevent -- avalanches from 5.(occur). When over a foot of fresh snow falls, e某perts know to be on the lookout for avalanches. E某plosives can be used in places 6. massive snow buildups to trigger much smaller avalanches that don’t？ pose a danger to persons or property.When deadly avalanches do occur, the moving snow can quickly reach over 80 miles per hour. Skiers caught in such avalanches can be buried under dozens of feet of snow. 7. it’s? possibleto dig out? of such avalanches, not all are able to escape.If you get tossed about by an avalanche and find yourself 8. (bury) under many feet of snow, you might not have a true sense of which way is up and which way is down. Some avalanche victims have tried to dig their way out, only to find that they were upside down and digging 9. farther under the snow rather than to the top!E某perts suggest that people caught in an avalanche try to dig around? you 10. (create) a space for air, so you can breathe more easily. Then, do your best to figure out which way is up and dig in that direction to reach the surface and signal rescuers.二、完形填空In the Fake News Era, Building Trust with Consumers Is CrucialWith consumers growing increasingly frustrated with online advertising and privacy concerns, how to you convince shoppers to buy your narrative（叙述）, let alone your product?1.A.nervousB.honestC.carefulD.particular2.A.InsteadB.OtherwiseC.MoreoverD.However3.A.reviewsB.reactionsC.e某periencesD.instructions4.A.weightB.risksC.warningsD.burdens5.A.relationshipB.influenceC.gapD.e某tension6.A.refuseB.hesitateC.desireD.claim7.A.advancedB.perfectC.remarkableD.unique8.A.considerB.offerC.selectD.e某ercise9.A.efficientB.profitableC.humanD.responsible10.A.associated withB.mistaken byC.praised asD.criticized for11.A.On the contraryB.In factC.By contrastD.In a word12.A.cooperationBplaintC.interactionD.appointment13.A.safetyB.loyaltyC.convenienceD.employment14.A.moneyB.choiceC.habitD.voice15.A.dialogueB.debateCpetitionD.contract三、阅读理解The pet business is growing even faster than pet numbers, because people are spending more and more money on them. Nolonger are they food - waste - recyclers, fed with the remains that fall from their masters’ tables. Pet - food shelves arefull of delicacies crafted to satisfy a range of appetites, including ice cream for dogs and foods for pets that are old, diabetic or suffer from sensitive digestion; a number ofinternet services offer food, tailored to the pet’s individual tastes.In the business this is called “pet humanisation” -- the tendency of pet owners to treat their pets as part of the family. This is evident in the names given to dogs, which have evolved from Fido, Re某 and Spot to -- in America -- Bella, Lucy and Ma 某. It is evident in the growing market for pet clothing, pet grooming and pet hotels.1.Which of the following trends is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.People’s needs for animal services are decreasing.B.Both the pet number and the pet business are growing.C.Pets are increasingly making their owners less an某ious.D.Pet foods are more various and customized than before.2.Which of th e following is referred to as evidence of “pet humanization?”A.The names given to pets in American families nowadays.B.Pet’s inbuilt ability to affect emotions of their owners.C.Human beings ever rising urge for pet-keeping.3.Which of the following statements is the author mostlikely to agree with?A.Pets should be treated as equals of their human masters.B.Human beings are getting much benefit from their pets.C.Pet-keeping is still restricted within certain parts of the world.D.Some pet owners spend too much money on their pets.4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A.The Changing Roles of AnimalsB.The Urge for Pet-keepingC.Who Owns WhomD.Love Me, Love My DogDepression hurts, Prozac can helpDepression isn’t just feeling down. It’s a real illness with real causes. Depression can be triggered by stressful life events, like divorce or a death in the family. Or it can appear suddenly, for no apparent reason.Some people think you can just will yourself out of a depressio n. That’s not true. Many doctors believe that onething that may cause depression is an imbalance of serotonin -- a chemical in your body. If this happens, you may have trouble sleeping. Feel unusually sad or irritable easily. Find it hardto concentrate. Lose your appetite. Lack energy. Or have trouble feeling pleasure. These are some of the symptoms that can point to depression -- especially if they last for more than a couple of weeks and if normal, everyday life feels like to much to handle.To help fight depression, the medicine doctors now prescribe （开处方）most often is Prozac. Prozac isn’t a “happy pill”. It’s not a tranquilizer（镇静剂）. It won’t turn you into a different person.Some people do e某perience mild side effects, like upset stomach, headaches, difficulty sleeping, sleepiness, an某iety and nervousness. These tend to go away within a few weeks of starting treatment, and usually aren’t serious enough to make most people stop taking it. However, if you are concerned about a side effect, or if you develop a rash（皮疹）, tell your doctor right away. And don’t forget to tell your doctor any other medicines you are taking.Some people should not take Prozac, especially people an MAO inhibitors（单胺抑制剂）.As you start feeling better, your doctor can suggest therapy or other means to help you work through your depression. Prozac has been carefully studied for nearly 10 years. But remember, Prozac is a prescription medicine, and it isn’t right for everyone. Only your doctor can decide if Prozac is right for you -- or for someone you love. Prozac has been prescribed for more than 17 million Americans. Chances are someone you know is feeling sunny again because of it.1.All the following are true EXCEPT ____.A.It is easy to get rid of depression through tremendous determination.B.Sleep disorder is characteristic of depression symptoms.D.Depression is a psychological state taking the form of low mood.2.What can we learn about Prozac from this piece of information?A.Prozac is a newly developed drug to treat depression.B.patients who take Prozac can e某perience severe side a effects.C.A medical prescription is necessary for Prozac.D.Over 17 million Americans have been cured by Prozac.3.This piece of information is most probably ____.A.an introduction to a scientific projectB.a part of prescription drug instructionsC.a part of a research report in a medical journalD.an advertisement of a medicine for depressionLearning a second language is tricky at any age (and it only gets tougher the longer you wait to open that dusty French book). Now, in a new study, scientists have pinpointed the e某act ageat which your chances of reading fluency in a second language seems to plummet: 10.Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons. Childre n’s brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they’re better able to adapt and respond to new information. “All learning involves the brain changing,” Hartshorne says, “and children’s brains seem to be a lot more skilled at changing.”1.The wor d “plummet” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaningto “____”.A.plungeB.riseC.endD.vary2.What can be inferred from Joshua Hartshorne’s words?B.Children are too young to grasp a second language.D.Adults go beyond the critical period for learning a second language.3.What might be the reason why adults can’t reach native - level fluency in a second language?A.Adults are less influenced by their mother tonguesB.Adults are only too willing to e某perience something awkward in the process.D.Adults prefer an immersive environment to a classroom in learning a second language.4.The passage is mainly about____.A.the approaches to learning a second languageB.the best age to learn a second language.C.why kids learn a second language more easily than adultsD.whether adults can learn a second language like their younger selves四、六选四Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the bo某. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Search for a Human Face for RobotsLooking for a $130,000 payday? Geomiq, a British engineering and manufacturing firm is searching for a “kind and friendly”face to be the face of a robot once it goes into production. “This will entail（需要）the selected person’s face being reproduced on potentially thousands of versions of the robots worldwide,” Geomiq says in a blog post about the project.The blog past doesn’t share age or gender parameters（参数）. 4. Candidates who make it to the ne某t phase will getfull details on the project. “The secrecy,” Geomiq says, “is due to non-disclosure agreement it’s signed with the robot’s designer and investors.”B. It just asks people who want to license their face to submit a photo via email for？ the chance at $130,000.C. It is a once - in - a - while opportunity for the right person.D. They also serve a practical purpose.F. However, ideal candidates will be given the specifics of the project.五、概要写作Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do We Need Art in Our LivesNo one will be surprised to hear that the arts are underfire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent.If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives?It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For e某ample, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them.Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us howthe population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worded, because their art has given us much a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it.So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and it truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in thefuture an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form ofself-e某pression.六、汉译英Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.学而不思犹如食而不化。

静安区2016-2017高三一模英语一、词汇题Choose the word that best completes the sentence:"The _____ of the concert was a famous violinist from Italy."A. headlinerB. audienceC. venueD. ensembleFind the word in the text that means the opposite of "include":"The package deal does not _____ taxes and gratuities."A. excludeB. containC. involveD. omit二、语法题Choose the sentence that is grammatically correct:A. If I had known earlier, I could have prepared better.B. Had I known earlier, I would have prepared better.C. If I know earlier, I would prepare better.D. If I had known earlier, I would prepare better.Identify the sentence that uses the correct tense:A. When I was a child, I go to the park every day.B. When I was a child, I went to the park every day.C. When I am a child, I go to the park every day.D. When I am a child, I went to the park every day.三、阅读理解题Read the following passage and answer the question:Passage:In recent years, the popularity of e-books has skyrocketed. Many people prefer reading on electronic devices due to their convenience and portability. However, some argue that reading from a screen can be harmful to the eyes and may affect concentration. Despite these concerns, the trend towards digital reading shows no signs of slowing down.Question:What is the main argument against e-books mentioned in the passage?A. They are not as convenient as physical books.B. They can be harmful to the eyes and affect concentration.C. They are not as popular as physical books.D. They are more expensive than physical books.Complete the summary of the following text:Text:The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world, located off the coast of Australia. It is home to a diverse range of marine life, including many species of fish, turtles, and sharks. However, the reef is facing numerous threats, such as climate change, pollution, and overfishing. Conservation efforts are ongoing to protect this valuable ecological resource.Summary:The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world, located off the coast of Australia. It is a habitat for diverse marine life. However, it faces numerous threats due to ____________, ____________, and ____________. Conservation efforts are being made to protect this important ecological resource.。

微信公众号上海中高考（ｓｈｈｚｇｋ）提供，仅供学习交流使用，严禁商用2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（1月份）（暨2017年上海市普通高校春季招生统一考试）上海英语模拟I卷考生注意：1．考试时间100分钟，试卷满分115分。

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试卷分为第I卷和第II卷，全卷共11页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、报名号（春考考生填写春考报名号）、考场号和座位号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a bookstore. B. In a grocery store.C. In a department store.D. In a stationery store.2. A. She has to leave now. B. The man also has to leave now.C. Twenty minutes is enough.D. She’ll be about twenty minutes late.英语2017 春模拟I卷第1页（共14页）3. A. That the woman live with Jane and Tina.B. That the woman ask Tina to be her roommate.C. That the woman and Vivian be roommates.D. That the woman share a room with Jane.4. A. They are not allowed to have a party at school.B. They want to give Assim a surprise after school.C. They can’t find Assim at lunchtime.D. They will have a meeting after lunch.5. A. He didn’t do very well in school. B. He won’t graduate this summer.C. He is too young to run a company.D. He is able to apply his knowledge.6. A. They don’t have any lunch special today.B. There are fewer people than usual.C. There will be more people in the restaurant at dinner time.D. It’s very busy.7. A. Buy the computer at a discount store.B. Put an ad in the university newspaper for a computer.C. Go to a computer store to buy the computer.D. Buy the computer at university as part of a special offer.8. A. The other apartment is twice as good.B. The rent is cheaper than the one they just saw.C. The other apartment is more expensive.D. The other apartment costs $300 a month.9. A. To write up his laboratory assignments for his chemistry class.B. To write a paper for his history class.C. To study for his English examinations.D. To prepare for his mathematics test.10. A. A teacher. B. A postman.C. A policeman.D. A bus driver.英语2017 春模拟I卷第2页（共14页）Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear one short passage and two longer conversations. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. He regards it as an ideal job and is afraid of losing it.B. He likes this job and does it professionally.C. It is a job looked down upon by other people.D. It is not his dream job when he spends much time waiting.12.A. Check fuel, water and brakes. B. Check oil, brakes and tyres.C. Check the water levels, brakes and lights.D. Check the safety and clean the car.13.A. He is well-organized with good driving skills and politeness.B. He is waiting patiently outside, opening the door for passengers and making the car safe.C. He neither eats snacks, nor watches television in the car.D. He shouldn’t get angry and always keep calm.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. The differences between poor and good chocolate.B. The benefits of eating chocolate.C. The ingredients in high quality chocolate.D. The way to taste the quality of chocolate.15.A. With vitamins and minerals. B. With only cocoa and cocoa butter.C. With less than 30% sugar and vegetable fat.D. With reddish color or dark color.16.A. Making people feel happy. B. Reducing heart diseases.C. Testing sweet and smelling good.D. Supplying nutrition.英语2017 春模拟I卷第3页（共14页）Questions 17 through 19 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Basic presentation techniques. B. Aspects of the university facilities.C. Basic needs of university students.D. Methods of doing investigations.18.A. The university library. B. The sports centre.C. Transport.D. Public services.19.A. The number of bike sheds is inadequate for students’ needs.B. More students cycle rather than use the bus.C. Students have to pay to use the bike sheds.D. The university can’t afford to build more bike sheds.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Experience of accidentSeveral factors led to my recent car accident. First of all, a heavy snow and freezing rain that had fallen the day before made the road I was driving on dangerous. The road had been cleared, (21)__________ it was still dangerously icy. (22)__________ the slippery road, I was stupidly going along (23)__________ about 50 miles an hour, instead of driving more cautiously.(24)__________ factor was a dirty green van that suddenly pulled onto the road from a small crossroad of the street about fifty yards ahead of me. The road (25)__________ (cover) with a sheet of ice at that point and if I applied my brakes, I would steer into the van. So I carefully drove my car into the next lane, and though the rear of my car began skidding back and forth, for a moment I got the idea (26)__________ everything was OK as I drove past the slow-moving van.英语2017 春模拟I卷第4页（共14页）Unfortunately, the rear of my Volkswagen was heavy (27)__________ the engine was there and also because there was a new weight-lifting set (28)__________ (lay) in the back seat, the result of (29)__________ was that after I passed the van, my car turned completely around on the slippery road. I was desperately sliding down the highway backwards at 50 miles an hour. Then I slid off the road, (30)__________ (hit) a wooden fence post. My left rear taillight was broken in the process. Then I suddenly saw a telephone pole about only 6 feet to the right of me, and I realized my accident could have really been a disaster.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Advantages and disadvantages of shopping onlineEveryone who knows Olivia Griffiths is impressed by her unique sense of style. Whenever she walks into a room, heads turn. Her friends wonder how she managed to get the new Mulberry handbag that no one had thought was 31 in Australia yet.The truth is that Olivia has never left Australia. But with a few clicks of her computer mouse, she can travel to shopping 32 around the world. Online shopping has 33 the consumer experience. With the help of an increasing number of online shops overseas, shoppers can now pick up interesting goods from all over the world.The biggest advantage of shopping on foreign websites is the wide range of choices available. For example, Chinese shoppers are often disappointed when Gap products are not available locally. But now it’s possible to order these products straight from the US with a credit card and a small 34 fee. Other benefits of online shopping include 35 prices. When items are bought online from other countries, they’re often tax-free.However, when you buy things from a foreign website, things can get 36 too. So make sure you pay extra attention to protecting your rights.英语2017 春模拟I卷第5页（共14页）Sometimes it can be difficult to handle foreign websites because of the unfamiliar language. For example, the term “delivered in 1-5 working days” can be confusing for Chinese shoppers, as it doesn’t clarify whether this is the time in which the product will arrive or the time it takes for it to be 37 .The method of delivering can also determine whether you get your product at all. Unless you choose express or priority delivering, which only takes a few days to deliver but is more expensive, most 38 international deliver ing doesn’t offer a tracking option ― which means once your products are 39 outside of the country there’s no way of finding out where they are.The best consumers are the most sensible ones. If you’re interested in expanding your shopping 40 to foreign websites, make sure you do your research beforehand to avoid your money and products being lost on the way.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Jaguars(美洲虎)A jaguar is an endangered animal. It is said that there are less than 20 in the world 41, one of which is now living in the national zoo of Peru. In order to protect this jaguar, Peruvians singled out a pitch of land in the zoo for it, where there are flocks of animals for it to eat. Anyone 42has visited the zoo praised it to be the “Heaven of Tiger”. However, no one has ever seen the jaguar hunt the animals. What we could see is its lying in its house eating and sleeping.Some people thought the jaguar felt too lonely so they rented a female tiger to accompany it. Nevertheless, it did not make 43. The jaguar just sometimes went out of its house with its “girlfriend” and stayed in the sun for a while.英语2017 春模拟I卷第6页（共14页）“I t is 44for the jaguar to be lazy in this environment. A tiger is the king of forest but you simply put some small 45around him. That is why it showed no 46to go out. Why don’t you put two wolves around him?”a visitor proposed. Others 47him and put five panthers into its 48. Since then, the jaguar didn’t go back to its house any more. It either stood on top of the hill roaring or 49from the hill strolling without sleeping all day, totally got back to its 50.In our world, 51creature without ant rivals is lifeless. If a man lives without 52,he is bound to be satisfied with the present and will not strive for the better. 53environment tends to 54successful people. Therefore, your rivals are not your enemies, but your good friends! In our lives, we need some rivals to be particular about us and supervise us with 55requirements and standards. Due to our rivals, we can bring out our potential to the best!41. A. accurately B. currently C. possibly D. absolutely42. A. which B. when C. who D. that43. A. difference B. efforts C. progress D. effects44. A. particular B. interesting C. understandable D. regular45. A. vegetables B. creatures C. animals D. plants46. A. interest B. passion C. appearance D. evidence47. A. approved of B. argued on C. suspected for D. followed after48. A. courtyard B. space C. cage D. territory49. A. put down B. went down C. turned down D. get down50. A. world B. reality C. nature D. position51. A. every B. the C. no D. one52. A. failures B. opponents C. difficulties D. helpers53. A. Difficult B. Peculiar C. Different D. Terrible54. A. achieve B. produce C. cultivate D. build55. A. obvious B. strict C. hard D. needed英语2017 春模拟I卷第7页（共14页）Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)You may have heard a lot about the people collecting stamps or coins. However, have you heard about people who like to collect paper cups or wrapping paper, things that we see every day but might not have for once looked at seriously?Jeffrey Brown, a 32-year-old NET teacher from the UK, was very interested when he first saw the paper cups used in Chinese tea restaurants in Hong Kong. “You can see these orange and white pretty cups all the time when you buy takeaway drinks at a local tea restaurant. The patterns on the outside of the cups are unique. Yet people in Hong Kong just see straight through them,” he said. “They think these paper cups look all the same, but in fact each of them looks a bit differ ent from the others. If you pay attention, you’ll notice some of these paper cups have spiral(螺旋) patterns on them, some of them have patterns of waves. There is a large number of variations.”Jeffrey now owns over 200 paper cups, all in the color of white and orange but with different designs. When people offer to buy his cups, he simply refuses.Another collector, Stacey Cheng, likes to collect sweets wrapping paper and uses it to make decorative art. Her work is among the most popular goods in local gift shops. “I started collecting them when I was 4,” she said smiling. “When I finished a sweet, I wouldn’t let my mum throw away the wrapping paper because it looked so pretty.” Now, whenever Stacey enters a snack shop, the first thing she does is to look for new products with special designs. “Once I finish the sweets.I keep the wrapping paper. Sometimes I treat my friends to the snacks just to get the wrapping paper sooner,” she said. “They can’t be happier when I do so.”56. You may find this text in a magazine about _______.A. lifeB. travelC. historyD. science英语2017 春模拟I卷第8页（共14页）57. What does “variations” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. collectionsB. hobbiesC. differencesD. cups58. Stacey collects the wrapping paper because it _______.A. likes its patternsB. has wonderful designsC. is easy to collectD. can be a sweet memory59. This text mainly talks about _______.A. special collectionsB. patterns of wrapping cupsC. people who enjoy special collectionsD. people who are fond of wrapping cups.(B)The following safety risks may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S:● This product contains small parts that are for adult assembly only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove all protective materials before assembly. Be sure to remove all packaging materials and parts from underneath the car body.●Battery post s contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery.● Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothing while using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle.● Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, drop-offs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in alleys, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment.●Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over.● Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to:Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device.Allowing more than two riders.Pushing the user from the back.英语2017 春模拟I卷第9页（共14页）Traveling at an unsafe speed.● Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle.● Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather.Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery.60. When assembling, you should _______.A. open the battery on the spotB. ignore the packaging materialsC. take away all protective materialsD. keep small children off the spot61. According to the text, it’s safer to _______.A. on the highway instead of on hillsB. push the user from behind at the startC. have at least 4 passengersD. wear loose clothes while using the vehicle62. Where can you probably find the text?A. An official report.B. A popular magazine.C. A physics textbook.D. A product handbook.(C)Foreseeing a time when a patient’s own cells may be harvested, multiplied, and fashioned into a replacement organ, researchers in Boston have successfully transplanted laboratory grown bladders (肾) into six dogs.For a century, physicians have replaced diseased or damaged bladders by removing sections of a person’s intestines (肠子) and shaping them into a substitute bladder. While the procedure offers some relief to patients, complications often develop because nature designs intestinal tissue for a purpose—absorbing nutrients—other than holding waste liquid of the body. “You start absorbing stuff that should be removed,” says Anthony Atala o f the Children’s Hospital in Boston.Other physicians have turned to human-made materials to create artificial bladders, but those efforts have also run into problems. Consequently, to build a better bladder, Atala and his colleagues decided to employ the organ’s own cells.英语2017 春模拟I卷第10页（共14页）To turn the cells into an organ, the researchers first form plastic which can break down naturally into bladder-shaped shell. They then coat its outside and inside with layers of cells needed.To test this strategy, Atala’s group obtained bladder tissue from dogs and grew it into organs. After removing the dogs’ bladders, the investigators implanted(移植) the artificial ones coming from the dogs’ own cells. Within a month, the organs began to perform like normal bladders.Within three months, the plastic shells had broken down naturally, and the implanted organs were hard to distinguish from natural ones. Blood vessels(血管) quickly grew into them. Moreover, nerves seem to form proper connections with the new organs, allowing the dogs to regain normal control of their bladders. Some dogs have had the artificial bladders for nearly a year without any problems.While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.63. The traditional method of shaping parts of intestines into a substitute bladder _______.A. allows the patient to absorb useless thingsB. brings the patient a lot of sufferingsC. prevents the patient from absorbing nutrientsD. worsens both the function of the intestines and the bladder64. The artificial bladders implanted in dogs _______.A. worked perfectly as long as three monthsB. began to work as well as a normal one in a few weeksC. proved to be able to work for several yearsD. did not work properly until after a month65. Why is it suggested that more testing should be made?A. What suits dogs’ bladders will also suit human bladders.B. Dogs’ bladders can be implanted into human bodies.C. Human bladders may well be different from dogs.D. Artificial bladders grown in dogs can be used for human beings.英语2017 春模拟I卷第11页（共14页）英语2017 春 模拟I 卷 第12页（共14页）66. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The way of turning intestines into bladders. B. The prospect of manufacturing plastic bladders. C. The history of making artificial bladders.D. The possibility of making bladders from their own cells.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Criticisms in lifeCriticism can be divided into two types.The first type is when someone expresses their disapproval. This is the type of criticism that can be the most hurtful. Parents might express their disapproval of your choice in career, friends or lifestyle. People may criticize how you dress or the way you act. It can be terribly unpleasant to tolerate (容忍) it.The second type of criticism involves pointing out your weaknesses and mistakes. No one is perfect, yet many imperfect people seem to find itextremely easy to “let us know” when we more annoying. When people express their disapproval of some area of your life you first need to consider how you feel about it. You need to be secure in who you are and the decisions that youRemember that there is a difference between being firm in your choices and being stubborn(固执的). Don’t be stubborn. Be mature enough to truly hear what they are saying, evenbut what they were saying is not for you. Don’t be mad at them.Other people have different views on what you are doing and can help you. If you are one of those people who just want to learn the hard way, try listening to some advice for a change. It might do you some good.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How to deal with Whiners(抱怨不停的人) ?There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food is awful, and they are always treated unfairly.Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious(会蔓延的) and that their attitude can easily affect an entire team in a company. “While some complaints might be reasonable, others are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and adopt the right strategy towa rds each,” said Li Ling, HR manager at Wal-Mart (China).It’s especially hard to deal with complaints at work because you can’t just walk away or put your colleagues’ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don’t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others’ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression that you agree with them. “Listen to the whiners actively,” says HR Li. “Help them find a solution, or see if there are ways to improve the situation.”Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from extended working hours to英语2017 春模拟I卷第13页（共14页）cheap hotels on business trips. “I let them talk about their opinions,” she said, “They feel better when they can tell someone how they want things to be.”But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. “I ask about the specifics and work together with them t o fix everything technically.” he said.HR managers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognition than an actual problem. “The real problem is that the whiners don’t feel they are being taken seriously,” said Xu Jun, HR manager at G uangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. “When you attentively give them advice or perspectives, the problem usually disappears.”第II卷（共15分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.他很少意识到与别人交流的重要性。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Shanghai Disneyland: Attractions and TipsWelcome to a never-before-seen world of wonder where you can arouse the magical dream within your heart. This is Shanghai Disneyland, a fun experience filled with creativity, adventure and thrills for Guests of all ages! Set your sights on Enchanted Storybook Castle -- the largest Disney castle on the planet -- and then get ready to explore as you discover 6 unique and unforgettable lands: Mickey Avenue, Gardens of Imagination, Fantasyland, Adventure Isle, Treasure Cove and Tomorrowland.Opening HoursSaturday: 09:00 -- 20:00Ticket BookingVisitors can book tickets on the official website or mobile app of the park or by calling 400-180-0000 / 86-21-31580000. They can also follow the official Wechat accountShangHaiDisneyResort to book a ticket. Of course, ticketscan be bought at the entrance, but there may be a longqueue. Visitors need to show passports or ID cards tobook tickets and enter.Five Things You S houldn’t Miss●TRON Lightcycle Power Run●Pirates of the Caribbean Battle for the SunkenTreasure●“Mickey’s Storybook Express” Parade●Enchanted Storybook Castle●Broadway-style show The Lion KingSpecial RecommendationThe cartoon characters Judy and Nick in Zootopia, the animated movie whose box office hit $1 billion globally in 2016, will be added to Disney’s signature “Mickey’s Storybook Express” Parade, said Robert Iger, the president and CEO of Walt Disney.Things to Remember●Only well-packaged food and water are allowed.●Selfie sticks, large tripods, folding chairs, and large luggage are banned.●Visitors above 16 should not be dressed in cartoon, movie and comic costumes.●Disney Fastpass tickets for free can save you from waiting in a long queue.●Comfortable sneakers are strongly recommended for a long walk during the day.●Animals are not allowed to enter as well, excluding guide dogs.60. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Enchanted Storybook Castle is a must-see sightB. Broadway-style show The Lion King is a 3D movieC. “Mickey’s Storybook Express” Parade earns $1 billion in 2016D. Pirates of the Caribbean Battle for the Sunken Treasure is an animated movie61. What day is supposed to be the busiest day according to the passage?A. Thursday.B. Friday.C. Saturday.D. Sunday.62. It can be concluded from the last part of the passage that ______.A. blind people are not allowed to visit the landsB. visitors can only eat and drink at certain placesC. cartoon costumes and uncomfortable sneakers are bannedD. Disney Fastpass tickets can help visitors enter the lands fastKeys: 60-62: ACDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(B)✓OverviewExplore Stewart Island and the surrounding bays in our modern mini-buses. Our guides enjoy sharing their local knowledge of the history and environment of Stewart Island. Highlights include Lee Bay, the gateway to Rakiura National Park, beautiful Horseshoe Bay and amazing views of✧More information♦Departure location: Oban Visitor Centre.♦What to bring: Comfortable walking shoes or boots, waterproof jacket, warm sweater or fleece jacket, sunscreen or sunglasses, insect repellent and camera.♦Car parking: Vehicle parking is available at Oban (extra cost—reservations recommended).♦Wheelchair access: Available.♦Children ticket: Children under ten go free for travel as long as they are accompanied by an adult.✧Reviews♦“There was so much to see and learn that it was hard to take everything in. The bays we stopped at were beautiful with golden sandy beaches, the forests were overpoweringand we expected dinosaurs to appear at any time, the views from lookout point weresplendid and the anchor point with Bluff brought a smile. Thank you to Chris and theexperienced team for such an informative tour.”Ron P♦“Any visitor to Stewart Island could do no bett er than take one of the guided tours from the Oban Visitor Centre—especially if you only have limited time available. We hadthe delightful and extremely informative Kylie conduct a small number on one of thevillage tours. This is a beautiful place—a few fascinating shops and restaurants,wonderful walks and warm and friendly people.”Michael Mason “I love finding out about places and the guide was full of information and stories as we visited every interesting place and view in Oban (it didn’t take too long...). A great wayto start a visit as it helps you know where everything is.”Kiwieric60. If a traveler plans to leave a car at Oban, he had better ________.A. refer to the guides firstB. use wheelchair accessC. make a reservationD. walk to the center in advance61. Herry, a six-year-old boy, wanted to have a sightseeing of the Stewart Island with his parents. How much should they pay for the mini-bus tour?A. $135.B. $90.C. $ 45.D. Free.62. If a traveler takes the guided tour, he can experience all the following EXCEPT ________.A. breath-taking sceneryB. charming walksC. dinosaur samplesD. detailed tour guideKeys: 60-61 CBCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(B)In four countries with fast-developing economies (BRIC) – Brazil, Russia, India, and China –the agricultural sector has become a proving ground for innovation. Juergen Voegele, a World Bank agriculture expert, predicts that “by transformin g agriculture,we will not only meet the challenge of feeding nine billion peopleby 2050 but do so in ways that create wealth and reduce itsenvironmental footprint.”BRAZILSoybeans on the RisePreserving the Amazon rain forest is a top priority for Brazil.The rapid expansion of soybean and cattle farming there during the 1990s and early 2000s led to alarming rates of deforestation. Over the past ten years, however, with government support, activists and famers have protected more than 33,000 square miles of rain forest – an area equal to more than 14 million soccer fields. Saving these forests has kept 3.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide out of atmosphere.Yet even under these land restrictions, Brazil’s soybean production has increased. The country is n ow the world’s second largest producer of the crop. How did this happen?Farmers focused on efficiency. Using new machinery and early maturing seeds enabled them to squeeze an additional planting into the standard growing season. According to the U.S. Depa rtment of Agriculture, Brazil’s 2014-15 soybean crop has hit a record 104.2 million tons, up 8.6 million tons from the year before, as farmers have made better use of their fields. This progress, says the World Bank’s Juergen Voegele, is an example of how “producing more food coexist with protecting the environment.”60. According to Juergen Voegele, innovation in agriculture will lead to all the following except ___________.A. increased wealthB. the solution to the world’s food crisisC. less impact on natureD. the challenging of feeding the world’s population61. Which one is the appropriate number to fill in the blank in the chart?A. 95.6B. 104.2C. 14D. 8.662. What is the most important problem Brazil is faced with?A. Feeding nine billion people by 2050.B. Increasing its soybean production.C. Protecting its rain forest from deforestation.D. Enhancing its farmers’ efficiency.Keys: 60—62 DBCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(B)Clare College CambridgeClare is the second oldest college in Cambridge University, having initially been founded in 1326 and refounded by Elizabath de Clare in 1338. Today, we uphold her educational and social goals and College is a booming community of over 100 Fellows, 450 undergraduate students, 200 graduate students and 100 staff.The College welcomes visitors, but please remember it is a working environment supporting academic scholarship. We hope you will enjoy the beauty of the gardens and buildings, but it is essential that visitors:●conduct themselves quietly around the College;●avoid blocking paths or doorways;●do not enter areas marked “Private” or “Closed”Historic buildings have steep steps and some rough surfaces. So please mind your steps. Please help to maintain the appearance of the College grounds by:●not picnicking or dropping l itter;●keeping to the pathways in Old Court;●not smoking while on the College grounds.The Porters cabins provide first aid facilities. Unfortunately, Clare College does not have public toilets.PhotographyVisitors may use hand held cameras. Photography for commercial purposes requires prior permission in writing from the Head Porter.Preservation and DonationsClare College receives no state funding for the preservation of these historic buildings and gardens, but relies instead on donations. If you would like to support the work of the College, its buildings or gardens. Please contact the Development Office (http: www. ). We welcome inquires.59 . From the writing we can learn that Clare College ___________.A. only opens part of her buildings and gardens to the publicB. mainly gets the money from donators and the governmentC. enjoys a growing reputation as the second largest in Cambridge UniversityD. welcomes cameramen to take photos on campus for different purposes60. Suppose you are a tour guide with a group at Clare College, which of the following might truly put you to trouble?A. A couple insist enjoying their lunch on the lawn.B. A child needs to go to the bathroom all of a sudden.C. An elderly woman falls off the steps and hurts herself.D. Some tourists keep exchanging ideas in a loud voice.61. We can most probably get this piece of writing from ___________.A. the academic website of Cambridge UniversityB. the Development Office of Clare CollegeC. the Head Porter of Cambridge UniversityD. the main entrance of Clare CollegeKeys: 59-61 ABDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)The first animals on earth were never able to achieve much in the world because they lived in the sea, which provided limited oxygen, and they had no backbone. For ages there were many kinds of these animals living in the sea and on land. They differed widely from each other and included such creatures as insects and worms. They had no brain, and therefore none of these animals without a backbone has ever been of much importance. They are wonderfully made but differ so widely that it is really impossible to arrange them in a simple order. However, those who study the different kinds of backboned animals find they can all be arranged in a simple way. More importantly, it is possible to show which class evolved first, which last, and so on.The five great classes of backboned animals are: fishes, amphibian, reptiles, birds and mammals. A common amphibian is the frog which is able to live in water and on land. A mammalfeeds its young by giving milk. There are very great differences between a fish, a frog, a horse, a bird and a man; yet they all have a backbone.A great step was taken when some creatures swam ashore. Perhaps it all began when the frog developed. Even today, a baby frog, the tadpole, begins as a fish, having gills (鳃),but then becomesa frog with lungs. The frog even develops feet and hands similar to ours inbone structure. Ages ago the first frog laid down the plan of the kind oflimbs(肢）which all backboned animals, including humans, have bad, thoughsome of them, like the bird, do not keep this kind of five-fingered limb alltheir lives.When the frog has grown from a tadpole to a backboned animal with four limbs, breathing air by means of lungs, it is very like certain of the next class of backboned animals-- the reptiles. The larger reptiles living on earth for many year ago were dinosaurs. Some of the smaller ones grew stretches of skin between their outspread fingers to form wings. We do know, from fessilized (化石的）remains, that the first birds were flying reptiles with sharp teeth. What a strange world it must have been during these times!59. The author believes that animals without backbones __________.A. had no brain so they did not surviveB. were difficult to classifyC. have been important creaturesD. are easily placed in order of arrival60. From the article we can know ___________.A. animals had a backbone but no brainB. insects came from wormsC. animals came from insectsD. the time order of species61. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The first bird developed from a flying fish.B. The horse belongs to the amphibian family.C. The hand of a frog has four fingers and a thumb.D. All the animals have got backbones inside their body.62. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. How Backboned Animals EvolvedB. How to Classify All Living ThingsC. The Life Cycle of a FrogD. How the First Bird FlewKeys: 59-62 BDCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)For centuries, mankind and dogs have suffered from acommunication failure. We can tell dogs what we wantthem to do and sometimes they comply, but we’ve alwaysstruggled when it comes to understanding the true meaningof their barks and whimpers. There is exciting news now - a dog translator called body harness (see the picture) has been invented to help you communicate with your furry friend.HOW IT WORKS●The platform itself is a harness that fits comfortably onto the dog, and which is equipped witha variety of technologies.●Wireless sensors can determine when they’re sitting, standing, running, etc, even whenthey’re out of sight.●The team developed software to collect, interpret and communicate those data, and totranslate human requests into signals on the harness through speakers and vibrating motors. WHAT’S FOR✧The harness could be used to train pets, guide dogs and other working animals.✧Sensors on the harness monitor the dog’s heart rate and body temperature.✧The sensor-packed harness can sense the a nimal’s movement, and the sounds it makes,letting the owner knows how they feel.✧Speakers and vibrating pads in the harness also allow owners to “talk back” to their animals.✧The harness is also intended for dogs involved in search and rescue and other front-line work.60. The word “comply” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.A. shoutB. obeyC. disappearD. attack61. Which of the following is NOT the intention of the harness?A. To create a better communication between dogs and human.B. To enable the dogs to do demanding jobs.C. To transfer human thoughts to the dogs by means of technology.D. To monitor dog’s communicative behaviors.62. Which of the following can best express the main idea of the passage?A. New platform: for better performances of dogs.B. Harness: a two-way communication device.C. Dog care: a completely new way possible.D. Technology: toward healthier life of dogs.Keys: 60-62 BDBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)EFP Courses provide courses in English language andBritish culture. Our courses are aimed at students agedbetween 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level orabove in English. The courses are held in Guildford, ahistoric town near London.Typical structure of a one-week course> up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers 2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)FULL BOARD(全食宿）with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016. Why choose EFP courses>in addition to our standard English classes, wc also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teachers>we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the course>we tailor courses to each group's needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for cither one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group. How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit efpcourses.co uk.See you in Guildford soon!56. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A. Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.57. Suppose you arc to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ________ .A. make a reservation from October 31 to December 20B. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. hand in an application by visiting their website58. The purpose of this writing is to __________.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. offer group students access to BFP coursesC.demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses.KEYS: 60-62 DABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Join IMDb and Become a Founding Supporter of theAcademy Museum of Motion PicturesThe Academy of Motion Pictures Arts & Sciences isbuilding the world’s leading movie museum in the heart ofLos Angeles. The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures, scheduled to open in 2017, will contain six stories of state-of-the-art galleries, exhibition spaces, movie theaters and educational areas. Through groundbreaking exhibitions and innovative programming, the Museum will explore how Hollywood and the film industry have shaped culture and creativity around the world. Designed by Renzo Piano, the Academy Museum will be located next to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art ( LACMA ) campus in the landmarked Wilshire May Company Building.To help ensure this long-held dream of the Academy becomes a reality, the Academy has launched a $300 million fundraising campaign, led by Bob Iger, Annette Bening and Tom Hanks. We hope you can join IMDb and the Academy Museum’s community of early supporters by making a gift to the campaign today. Or, sign up for the Academy Museum mailing list to hear about upcoming museum events and developments.Donate NowHelp make movie history and join in elite group of supporters, including IMDb, by making your contribution today.To see a full list of the Academy Museum founding supporters, click here. If you would like to make a donation or learn more about naming opportunities, please contact Christine Joyce Rodriguez, Manager of Annual Giving, at Christine.Rodriguez@ or 310 247 3040.60. The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures is located________________ .A. in the downtown area of Los AngelesB. in the suburb of the city of Los AngelesC. in the Los Angeles County Museum of ArtD. in the centre of Wilshire May Company61. The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures will focus on________________ .A. the exhibition of film equipmentB. the impact of film industry on world cultureC. the popularity of Hollywood movie cultureD. the achievements of American galleries and theatres62. The passage is intended to________________ .A. promote the Academy Museum and make movie historyB. arouse people’s interest in the Academy MuseumC. raise enough money for the Academy MuseumD. help realize the Academy Museum founding supporters’ dreamsKeys: 60-62 ABCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）JENISON PUBLIC SCHOOLSJenison International Academy is excited to offer online, nonessential courses to international students. Kindly view the online elective options, as well as the enrollment process, below. The application window for part time enrollments will close on Friday, December 30, 2016.Online Courses Offered Grades 1-12Elective OpportunitiesPlease click to view our Elective Course Offerings.Part Time Enrollment at JIAStudents participating in the program are allowed to enroll in up to 4 elective courses each semester, and have the option to take 100% of their courses online or create a schedule combination of online and on-campus courses at Jenison Public Schools, which may also include Tech Center, Co-op, and other qualified programs.Student Application ProcessSTEP 1: Online PreparationPlease review the following Interactive Online Readiness Criteria. Please keep this form for your own records.Online Readiness CriteriaSTEP 2: Submit Forms & DocumentationBy completing the Part Time Enrollment Application, applicants are fulfilling the Virtual Learning and District-Required Documentation.Printed ApplicationParents or guardians can download, print, and complete the JIA Enrollment paperwork & JPS District Application. Mail, scan or fax all completed paperwork using the contact information provided on the first page.Printed ApplicationAdditional Required Documentation can be found within the enrollment packet.An email will be sent to the parent or guardian email account when a completed application has been received. Upon review and approval, a welcome message and course selection email will be issued to the same address.60. The courses are designed for _____.A. high-level students who are studying in Jenison Public SchoolsB. international students whose parents work in Jenison Public SchoolsC. foreign students who can’t study full time in Jenison International AcademyD. graduate students who want a part-time job in Jenison International Academy61. To get enrolled, one should _____.A. prepare both online and offlineB. print the Online Readiness CriteriaC. contact JIA in person beforehandD. email the JIA Enrollment paperwork62. What can be learned from the webpage?A. The enrollment should be applied on December 30, 2016.B. The parent or guardian needs to have an email account.C. The students need to study at least 8 courses each year.D. The courses can only be learned online.Keys: 60-62 CABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）beach60. Which holiday location doesn’t welcome young children?A. Mountain Lodge.B. Pelican Resort.C. Cedar Lodge.D. None of the above.61. According to the holiday advertisement, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Both Mountain Lodge and Pelican Resort are close to the coast.B. Tourists can't visit Pelican Resort in May because of the restoration.C. All meals are included if tourists choose to go to the Pelican Resort.D. Canoeing and cycling are provided at no extra cost at Cedar Lodge.62. A holiday in Mountain Lodge for a couple with 12-year-old twin girls and a 3-year-old boy costs___________.A.$825B. $990C. $1320D. $1650Keys: 60-62: CDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Become an Atlantis Jr. Aquarist and spend 3 days working with marine life! Food prepping to59. All the information is included in the advertisement EXCEPT________.A. camp hoursB. camp priceC. things to bringD. daily schedules60. The underlined phrase “subject to” is closest in meaning to ________.A. related toB. due toC. likely toD. depending on61. All the activities are included in the camp schedule EXCEPT ________.A. feeding marine lifeB. preparing food for animalsC. playing with sharksD. learning about coral reefs62. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. All attendees will check in and have a welcome dinner on the first day.B. All attendees must check out on the last day.C. The price covers all the expenses including accommodation.D. You can have a 5-day experience working with marine life in the camp.Keys: 59-62 DDCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(B)Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are shared among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad (无数）of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationship of all those prices makes up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.。

2017年宝山区高考一模翻译部分V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.顾客购物时总是注重品牌形象。

(focus)73.我再也抑制不住看篮球比赛的冲动。

(no longer)74.这本书备受推崇的原因是它给人以希望和启迪。

(…why…)75.她的有关个人奋斗的演讲很真诚，让我们感动得几乎流泪。

（…such …that…）2017年崇明区高考一模翻译部分V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？（approve)73. 不可否认的是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患。

（deny)74. 那个专门研究家庭教育的教授将受邀给这些家长做讲座。

（expert)75. 垃圾分类不仅有助于环境保护还有利于废物循环利用，所以人人要行动起来。

（Not only)2017年奉贤区高考一模I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 环保组织呼叮公众投票反对这个项目。

(appeal)73. 人生最重要的不是我们置身何处，而是我们将前往何处。

(matter)74. 只有充分利用你遇到的每个机会，你才能实现自己的梦想。

（Only)75. 随着各种支付方式的出现，许多人越来越担心的是，和现金或信用卡相比，他们的电子钱包是否足够安全。

（concern)2017年虹口高考一模I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、干嘛不去看场电影放松一下自己？（Why）2、全市所有的公园都应对市民免费开放。

静安区 2017 学年第一学期教课质量检测高三英语试卷考生注意 :1.考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。

2.全部答题一定涂（选择题）或许写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在答题纸上一律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考据号和姓名I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation, a questions will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1.A. Air conditioner B. Stove C. Suitcase D. Mobile phone2.A. A nurse B. A manager flight attendant D. A secretary3.A. On the day of Black Friday, he has nothing to do.B.He will buy nothing during the coming shopping day.C.His salary will be increased before Black Friday.D.He prefers to save money rather than spend.4.A.6 B.8 C.12 D.165.A. People should carefully study information they get from various experts.B. There ’s no need to turn to experts for health suggestions.C.Ordinary people should be invited on TV to talk about healthy life.D.Experts help a lot in promoting healthy life style.6.A. The professor failed everyone at the term end.B.The professor criticized him for failing the exam.C.The professor thought highly of himD.The man failed the science course for the term7.A. Jenny has graduation ceremony.B.They go for a movie.C.They have family dinner.D.Nothing happens9.A. It ’s wonderful in all aspects.B.It ’s good on the whole with one shortcoming.C.It ’s totally disappointingD. It’s of average quality. Buying the expensive cake is foolishB. The cake is worth the price.C. The taste of the cake is misleading.D. Eating the cake hurts people’s intelligence.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passage and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation,you will be asked several questions. and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper anddecide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. Children looking for future husband and wife for their parents.B. Children trying to earn wedding fund for their parents.C. Children making plans for their parents’ wedding dayD. Children taking part in their parent’s wedding ceremony.12. A. Wedding dress B. Wedding styleC. Food for weddingD. Honeymoon destination13.A. The difficulties modern marriage meets.B.The good relationship between British children and parents.C.The unconventional weddings in modern Britain.D.The new marriage concepts combined with traditions.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. For how long the event will last.B.The site address to purchase the event ticket.C.The past achievements the lecture had madeD.The location where the lecture is to happen15.A. Stand out and hold a poster for the event.B.Cover other event ads with your event ad.C.Rent school channel to introduce the event.e modern communication media to spread the event16.A. Tips on advertising campus events.B.Food work wonders to attract campus event attendees.C.The rise of modern social media on campusD.Challenges to prepare for a high-quality campus eventQuestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation17.A. Academic and professional prospectsB.life conditions on campusC.Tuition and geographic advantages. The passage only once.D. Ranks among all the universities18.A. Strong program background.B.Low living expenses.C.Circle of contacts on campusD.Agreeable weather19.A. Because they can hire talents from UCLA.B.Because foreign talents can be employedC.Because their companies are near beachesD.Because their bosses are from UCLA20. A. Moving to live with his parents.B.Pursuing graduate study at UCLA.C.Accepting the offer from Chicago UniversityD.Keeping comparing the two UniversitiesII.Grammar andVocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.make the passagefill in eachToday, Mandatory(强迫的 ) recycling is a hard sell in the United States, wherethe economy runs largely along free market lines and the current landfilling waste remains inexpensive and efficient.Plain and simple, recycling still costs more than landfilling in most place.This fact,(21)_________(couple)with the disappearance of the so- called” landfill crisis” of the mid-1990s, means that recycling has not caught on , which runs(22) _________ some environmentalists’ wishes.However, many cities have found ways to recycle economically. They have cutcosts by automating sorting and processing.They’re also found profitable markets for the recyclables(可回收物 ) (23)_________ cast-off items are acceptable or even welcome. Increased efforts by green groups(24) _________ (educate)the public about the benefits of recycling have also helped.(25)__________________ _________ uneconomical recycling seems to some people, some cities,such as Pittsburgh,San Diego and Seattle,have made recycling mandatory. In these cities, recyclables are banned from both household and business garbage.Families (26)_________ recycle all basic recyclables, such as paper , cardboard ,glass and plastic.To business with garbage containers‘polluted’ with more than 10 recyclables, warning (27)_________ (issue). If they fail to take action, finesare expected.New York,a national leader on recycling,decided to stop its leastcost-effective recycling programs(plastic and glass)in2002.But rising landfill costs ate up the $ 39 million saving expected.As a result, the city brought back plastic and glass recycling and committedto a 20-year contract with a recycling firm, Hugo Neu Corporation, which built the(28)_________(advanced) recycling facility in the country.The company focuses on (29)_________ could cut costs.Automation has streamlined the sorting process, and easy access to rail has cut both the environmental andtransportation costs. The new deal and new facility have made recycling efficientfor the city and its residents(30)_________(show) once and for all that responsibly-run recycling programs can actually save money ,landfill space and the environment.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each wordcan only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. shamedB. consequently F. struggled G. originalC. criticismH. practicalD. scarceE. authoritiesI. luxury J. blanketedK. assumeWilliam Shakespeare came from a modest start,but finished life living in a(n) ____31_____ house in Stratford-upon-Avon,with a coat of arms and series of business investments to his name.So was William Shakespeare a businessman, as well as a writer?Researchers have uncovered information from historical documents that point to Shakespeare being a greedy businessman,anxious to grab every penny whose practices caused ___32____ in his lifetime.The academics believe that many of Shakespeare’s doubtful business dealingshave been _____33___by people ’s romantic view of him as a creative genius who made his money through acting and writing plays.The idea that Shakespeare gave the world such wonderful narratives,language and entertainment makes it uncomfortable to even ___34____ that he was simply motivated by his own thirst for financial interest.Shakespeare was a grain businessman almost for his life time. He bought andstored grain and then sold it on to his neighbors at high prices.In the late16the and early17th Century a bad weather gripped England.The cold and rain resulted in poor harvests and _____35____ severe lack of food. Referredto as the“ Little Ice Age”, the period wa s the time when thousands of people____36_____ for survival.At that time,Shakespeare was under investigation for tax evasion( 躲避 ) and later charged with storing grain when food was ____37_____.One could argue that he did not do this without a conscience and that perhapsthis is demonstrated in the way he portrayed one of his famous character Shylockin his play the Mechant of Venice.Many people claim Shylock personifies Shakespeare’s own self-hatred,who is eventually____38____ for his greed as a money lender and all that he owns is seized from him. Perhaps with the_____39____ pursuing Shakespeare for his evil dealings during Little Ice Age,Shylock ’s tragic fate was a real fear for Shakespeare.Shakespeare’s____40____ funeral monument at Holy Trinity Church was a bag of gram which implied that he prided himself on his role as a grain businessman as well as on his writing.It was not until the18th century that the bag of grain was replaced by a pillow.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fitsthe context.The sights,sounds,and smells of the modern marketplace are rarely accidental. More likely they are tools of an evolving strategy of psychologicalmarketing called“sensory marketing ’ to create an emotional association to a(n)____41____ product or brand.By relating to people in a far more ___42____ way through everyone ’s own senses, sensory marketing is able to affect people in a way that traditional mass marketing cannot.Traditional marketing believes that consumers will systematically consider ____43__ product factors like price, features, and utility. Sensory marketing, bycontrast,seeks to resort to the consumer’s life experiences and feelings.Sensory marketing believes that people,the consumers,will act according to their emotional urge more than to their ____44___ reasoning. By this way, an effective sensorymarketing effort can result in consumers choosing to buy a lovely but expensiveproduct, rather than a plain but cheap ____45____.In the past,communications with customers were mainly monologues-----companies just“talked at ” consumers .Then they evolved into dialogues,with customers providing____46_____.Now they ’re becoming multidimensional conversations,with products finding their won voices and consumers responding _____47____ to them.Based on the implied messages received through five sense, consumers, withoutnoticing the trend to apply human-like personalities to brands,leading to intimate relationship and, hopeful for the brands, persistent ____48____. And that’s the very thing brands are dying to fostering customers rather than instant trend orprofits.And that ’s the very thing brands are dying to foster customers rather thaninstant trend or profits.Most brands are considered to have either“sincere”or “exciting” personalities.“ Sincere” brands like IBM and Boeing tend to be regarded as conservative and relative while “exciting ” brands like Apple,and Ferrari are imaginative and __49______. In general, the consumers tend to form ____50___relationships withsincere brands than with exciting ones, this explains the relatively enduringhistory of the“Sincere Brands”.Certainly, with the eyes containing two-thirds of all the ____51____cells ina person ’s body, sight is considered the most important of all human senses.Sensory marketing uses sight to create a memorable“ sight experience ” of the product for consumers which extends to packaging, store interiors, and printed advertising toform a (n) ___52____ image for the brand.In other words, no aspects of a product design is left to ____53__anymore,especially color. Brand acceptance is linked closely with the appropriateness ofthe colors on the brand-----does the color______54___ the product at all?If not, customers, though not realizing it themselves, will ____55____ the brands in allpossible ways-sales, reputations, etc. Therefore, brands,isn ’t it time now tostudy the new field of marketing?41.A. specific B. qualified C. average D. adequate42.A. economic B. personal C. artificial D. mechanic43.A. obvious B. potential C. accessible D. concrete44.A. imaginable B. objective C. psychological D. gradual45.A. alternative B. reward C. sample D. exhibit46.A. compliment B. fund C. prospect D. feedback47.A. temporarily B. subconsciously C. occasionallyD. attentively48.A. loyalty B. philosophy C. endurance D. regulation49.A. mild B. daring C. steady D. classic50.A. far-fetched B. hard-won C. long-lasting D. easy-going51.A. individual B. sensory C. present D. general52.A. overall B. ambitious C. dramatic D. additional53.A. chance B. maintenance C. progress D. leadership54.A. accept B. overlook C. fit D. treat55.A. shape B. punish C. signify D. exploitSection BDirections: questionsRead the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information givenin the passage you have just read.(A)Overcoming extreme cold, cruel ice and people dismissing him as mad, Slovenian Davo Kamicar became the first person to ski non-stop down Mount Everest.After a dramatic fall over almost sheer cliffs of snow, stones and ice, 38-year-old Kamicar emerged in his base camp after five hours of skiing.“I feel only absolute happiness and absolute tiredness,” he said.At one stage he had to speed over stretches of ice that collapsed and brokeunderneath him and could have sent him falling into the deep crevasses (裂痕) that dot the mountain.The descent (着落) had been by many as insanely dangerous. The Darwin Awards website, which documents deaths which are foolhardy, urged people to log on to Internet broadcasts of the attempt.“Keep your eyes peeled for a live Darwin Award,“it said.However, the only body to make the news was the corpse(尸体) of an known mountaineer which Kamicar zipped past as he descended, one of an estimated 120corpses, thought to litter the slopes.“This mountain is always full of surprise. Seeing a dead man out there was areally shocking experience,” he said.Thanks to strategically placed cameras on the mountain and one attached tohis safety helmet, hundreds of thousands of people witnessed his descent on theInternet, which was one of the record highs ever. During the run more than 650,000hits were registered on his expedition website jamming it for a time as others tried to access the site.Weather conditions were so severe that Kamicar had to abandon plans to rest onthe summit before attempting to descend. Instead, suffering from fatigue, as soonas he reached the top he put on his skis and flung himself back down the mountain.Dealing with the mountain had already cost Kamicar two fingers when a previousfailed attempt saw him get frostbite as a fierce storm lashed the peak.Kamicar comes from a skiing family and took part in his first Himalayan skiing expedition in 1989. Since then, he has been tireless in raising funds and sponsorship for more expeditions, with Everest as the permanent goal.56.Davo Kamicar made history by ___________.A. skiing down Mount Everest without rest.B. descending Mount Everest within the shortest time everC. attracting largest number of audience online for his descent.D. becoming the first to film his descent down Mount Everest57. The underlined word foolhardy in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.A. sudden and hard to acceptB. taking unnecessary risksC. attracting public attentionD. working hard to fool others58.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE/A. Kamicar saw about 120 dead bodies littering the slope.B. The broadcast of his descent online was cancelled because of the website jam.C. Kamicar ’s family had a tradition to conquer Mount Everest.D. This was not Kamicar ’s first attempt on Mount Everest.59.The best title for the passage is ________.A. Mad man skis down EverestB. Darwin Award for Davo KamicarC. Extreme sports hero slides to a recordD. Body of mountaineer found on Everest( B )Here are the top summer vacation lodges in the nation!Out of Lake Wobegon; Fair Hills ResortWith sandcastle contests, Swedish buffet night, and family bingo, this classicnorthern Minnesota lodge is right out of Garrison Keillor’s Lake Wobegon. Families can choose from a collection of activities suitable for both adults and kids----volleyball, tennis, sailing, swimming-laze by the lake, or rehearse fortheir star turn at the weekly talent show. The family–run resort is proud of itsmyriad “lifers”,guests who’ve been vacationing here since they were kids.This year, ten of them will celebrate their 50th yearly visit.Northern California, Unplugged; Gray Eagle LodgeOnce they find Gray Eagle Lodge off a two-lane road, most guests have no use fortheir cars. Days here are spent on foot, hiking to alpine lakes in the Sierras orgoing for a dip in the swimming hole fed by a 15-foot waterfall.“ There a re no officially planned activities,” explains Tracy Morris,who has taken her children here for year, ” unless you count the get-togethers specifically arranged for kids who have never met before but have become fast friends and enjoy fun together.”Authentic Adirondacks; The HedgesFor recent years improvements have been made—including upgrading the plumbing to accommodate more guest,answering to the main complaints in the past about its poor capacity.The current owners have restored the camp to its original Adirondack-style glory.Though tasteless to the younger age groups,the style earned the lodge a spot on the National Register of Historic PlacesGreat Lake Lodge; The Inn at WatervaleBuilt as a boarding school in1892,this lodge became a summerretreat in1971.Today, the owner of the lodge proudly promotes the resort’s lack of TV, Wi-Fi,and decentcell phone coverage, which makes it perfect for recluses( 隐士 ). Instead of sticking with their smartphones, parents and children both find their relationship greatlyimproved through hiking the 300-foot-high Old Baldy dune, combing the beachfor fossils, and savoring the sunsets over the lake together.60. Which lodge is not very attractive for kids?A. Fair Hills ResortB. Gray Eagle LodgeC. The HedgesD. The Inn at Watervale61. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A.Fair Hills Resort specializes in serving young vacationers with varieties ofactivities.B. The Hedge used to be criticized for failing to serve large number of customers.C. Lake of modern communication tools at The Inn at Watervale was due to poor facility conditionsD. Cars are banned from Gray Eagle Lodge62. The passage will most probably appear _______.A. on a wedding magazine about finding a permanent residence.B. in a UN’s report about family relationshipC. on a financial magazine analyzing the prospects of tourist industryD. on a website selling package tours(C)It ’s not an urban legend: crime rates do in fact in the summer in the . A study found that, with the exception of robbery and auto theft, rates of all violent andproperty crimes are higher during the summer than during other months. The studyexamined data collected during8 years,which included violent and property crimes that did not result in death, both reported and not reported to the police.The data show that, though the national crime rate dropped by 70 percent duringrecent years, seasonal spikes in summer remain. In some cases those spikes are 12percent higher than rates during seasons in which the lows occur. The phenomenonconfuses many criminologists, and they wonder why.Some reason that increased temperatures,which drive many out of doors and leave windows open in their homes, raise the amount of time when homes are left empty.Others point to the effect of students on summer vacation who are otherwise occupied with schooling during other season, while some argue that suffering heat-induceddiscomfort simply makes people more aggressive and likely to act out.Although these elements possess certain persuasive power,their rationality is called into question when cases in winter are put on the map. Why aren ’t the rates in winter falling if heat related factors are to blame for the summer spike?Contrarily,the matter should be viewed from social and economic angles rather thanon solar terms.Numerous studies have shown that rates of criminal behavior among young adultsdrop when their communities provide them with other ways to spend their time andearn money. This was found to be true in Los Angeles, where gang activity was reduced when community centers for teens were thriving and active.And generally speaking, the connection between economic inequality and crime is robustly documented for the . And why summer sees a worse situation?It ’s probably because it ’s even harder for youngster to land jobs that provide for life necessities.So if officials want to address the summer spike in crime, they may actdifferently instead of aiming straight at crimes. Simply upgrading security andseverely punishing offences almost produce void effects.Instead, be open to various options and they will find that development of job hunting agencies or communityprofessional training centers are accompanying the drop of crime rate withoutseasonal exceptions .After all, bread always comes first for everyone.63. What puzzles scholars studying crimes?A. The rates of robbery and auto theft are lower than other violent and propertycrimes in summer.B. The rates of crimes resulting in death are about the same in all seasons.C. The crime rates not reported to the police are much higher during summer.D. Crime rates in summer are higher than those of other seasons.64.According to the author, what is the key reason for the seasonal spike of crime rates?A. Increased temperature left houses easier for attacks.B. The hot environment makes people more likely to be angered.C. Youngsters find it hard to release energies at school.65. What can be done to fight seasonal rise of crimes?66.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Solar terms are responsible for the summer crime spike.B. Crime rates in summer fall by 58 percent in theC. LA criminal activities fall because of positive community programs.D. The crimes rates in winter are low due to low mobility in the season.Section CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentencegiven i n the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two moresentences than you need.A. The influence is witnessed for the opposite gender as well.B. Awareness for health is given due attention among different age groups.C. Africa has greatly increased ways of broadcasting.D. But solid academic research was lacking for quite a long time.E. Yet trying to influence the locals can be debatable.F. But other organizations have increasingly followed suit.In the radio drams “ Nau em Taim ” aired in Papua New Guinea, a windowed father takes up dynamite(炸药 ) fishing---profitable but disastrous for the reef.Then he meets a dashing marine scientist who warns him off. The idea is that by the end ofthe drama, both he ---and the listeners---will give up dynamite for sustainablefishing.The show’s producer, the Population Media Center(PMC) in Vermont, has been apioneer of programmes with the goal of fostering In Vietnam Khat Vong Song usesradio drama to teach its listeners about domestic violence.In Kenya Mediae promote civil rights with a television soap called“ Makutano Junction”.Evidence that radio and television soaps can change behavior was first spottedin the 1970s. ______68____About twenty years later,economists at the Inter-American Development Bank,found that Brazilians receiving Globo, a television network promoting modern family concept, had fewer children. Anotherfollow — up study discovered that, as cable television spread, the birth rate incertain rural area dropped.Some argue that the influence was because couch potatoes were less likely to make babies. But research in Ethiopia showed that dramas can have a direct effect.Inquiries about ways to reduce birth rates rose by 157% among married women wholistened to the soap operas“Yeken Kigne t ” and“Dhimbibba”. ___69______ Male listeners sought tests for HIV/AIDS four times as much as male non-listeners.“ The results are the best when people identify with characters,” says Betty Oala of the PMC. This is why the organization does extensive research,takes on local writers and uses native languages.Not only are soaps effective, but they are also cheap. Radio programmes cancoast as little as three cents to reach a listener in Africa. _____70_________.Although producers do not hide their purposes many scholar think that there couldbe a fight over morals and the armful results of soap dramas. A drop in birth rates may seem like good news to a woman activist, but had to a religious worker.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For many well-educated travelers, buying a copy of Lonely Planet is the firsttask before taking a vacation abroad.Founded in1973,Lonely Planet is the biggest guidebook series in many countries.It ’s published in11 language including Chinese.But when the BBC confirmed on March 19 that it had sold the entire Lonely Planet series to a US billionaire at a significant deficit(赤字) ,many commented that the deal sang song for the printed guidebook.The rise of the Internet and the prevalence of smartphones have become a burden on the print media. Whywould travelers bring a heavy guidebook when they can download the apps to their smartphone in an instant?Furthermore,alternative and free travel content is readily available on the Internet,from Wikivoyage to Trip Advisor which provide excellent guidance on your trips.But the Internet is not the only reason that guidebooks are in decline. It isalso widely accepted that the physical guidebook has such complete content that can kill any sense of personal exploration.With the guide books,all those backpacker feet ended up following routine trade routes, and in those routes was little roomfor initiative.It’s also pointed out that the guidebook is not exactly good for tourism.Often the shops and restaurants that thrived on a recommendation in the guidebook relaxed and discovered that it didn ’t matter:the le gions of eager travelers keep on coming anyway. They gradually grow uncompetitive.And yet, despite the rise of new media, it’s believed there is still a placefor printed guidebooks, at least for the time being as books still offer readersthe kind of feeling that virtual tools can’t provide,more of a compelling, touchable interaction.第 II卷（共40分）V. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words givenin the brackets.72.按照自然规律，你最后会获得回报。

2017届高三第一阶段教学调研英语试卷(试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied. C. Bored. D. Exhausted.2. A. 7:00. B. 7:10. C. 9:00. D. 9:10.3. A. A cook. B. A shop assistant. C. A saleswoman. D. A waitress.4. A. At a gas station. B. In a work shop. C. At an art gallery. D. In a department store.5. A. He hasn’t had a c hance to meet Kathy yet. B. Kathy had already told him the news.C. He didn’t know that Kathy was being moved.D. His new office will be located in New York.6. A. The woman wants to go to Toronto. B. The man wants to go to Vancouver.C. There are no flights to Toronto.D. There are two direct flights to Toronto.7. A. She should do more careful work. B. She is not concerned about George’s remarks.C. George does not care about her.D. George shouldn’t have said much about her.8. A. She can’t affo rd that much for a trip.B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.C. She doesn’t think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip.D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money.9. A. Playing tennis. B. Writing a term paper. C. Gathering materials. D. Holding a meeting.10. A. The man was seriously injured in the car accident.B. The man had poor imagination because of the car accident.C. The man wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened.D. The man’s daughter advised him to wear the seat belt before he left home.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Future researchers. B. College students.C. Company employees.D. Successful artists.12. A. To teach the listeners how to work hard. B. To enable the listeners to get better salaries.C. To prepare the listeners to get better jobs.D. To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities.13. A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Willingness. D. Interest.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The benefits of walking. B. The importance of keeping fit.C. The way of forming a habit.D. The possibility of excising regularly.15. A. Because it needs much thinking. B. Because people can improve their memory.C. Because it is suitable for everyone.D. Because people needn’t concentrate on it.16. A. It is the easiest way to lose weight. B. It can be made part of people’s life.C. It can make people’s hearts stronger.D. It prevents people suffering from cancers.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He has just been back from South America. B. He has been burnt for a few hours.C. He has been surfing the Internet for long.D. He has been doing school work all night.18. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure. B. To meet new friends in the net chatroom.C. To release pressure from heavy work.D. To look for information for his project.19. A. Quite a few sites are just old event calendars. B. It’s a waste of time to surf the Internet.C. A lot of information can be found.D. A lot of friends can be made on the Internet.20. A. People spend much time talking about other interests.B. It takes long to find things because of many useless sites.C. It is hard to start chatting with others in the chatroom.D. It’s hardly the best source of i nformation available.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.From classics to moviesHe can recite Shakespeare’s Hamlet from memory. His favorite ancient myth is The Odyssey. Tom Hiddleston, 32, could have been a popular professor teaching English Literature at (21) __________ university, but the well-educated British man chose to do something that he loves even more: acting.He’s well-known around the world as the villain Loki from the Hollywood films Thor (2011), The Avengers (2012) and now Thor: The Dark World, which will come out in China on Nov 8. Hiddleston’s role as Thor’s evil brother has led his fans —“Hiddlestoners” —(22) __________ (refer) to him as “the most charming villain” in cinema.(23) __________ his charm, Hiddleston had a tough time (24) __________ (persuade) his scientist father that acting was a worthwhile job. As a student at Eton, a private school for upper-class kids in England, Hiddleston performed in a lot of school plays. At 18, he appeared on stage at the Edinburgh International Festival. “It was the first time that people I knew and loved and respected came up to me after the show and said: ‘You could really do this (25) __________ you wanted to’,” Hiddleston told the Daily Mail.He said that as a teenage r he didn’t have much self-esteem, but acting gave him confidence. “It was when they started saying I could do it (26) __________ I really committed to it as a possibility,” he continued. However, his father did not approve, believing his polite and bright son should be using his brains for (27) __________ else. “You’ve been educated, so why do you want to spend your life pretending to be someone else when you could be your own man?” the father told the son.So, instead of going to drama school, Hiddleston went to Cambridge, (28) __________ he studied classics. There, he continued to appear in student plays and even landed some roles on TV and in local theaters. He managed to balance his acting and his studies so well that he (29) __________ (graduate) with a first-class degree.But Hiddleston’s international breakthrough came when he auditioned for the 2011 film Thor. He was desperate to play the title superhero, but the director decided that he was (30) __________ (suitable) for the part of the villain, Loki.In the end, his dark and powerful performance won over his father. It also earned him some important fans in the film industry: Steven Spielberg and Woody Allen. The two world-famous directors asked him to star in their award-winning films War Horse (2011) and Midnight in Paris (2011), respectively.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedonly once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Gender equality has powerful potential to improve the economy, security and the overall well-being of a population.“If the world closed the gender gap in workforce 31 , global [Gross Domestic Product] would increase by 28 trillion dollars by 2025... That’s about a quarter of the world’s current GDP, and almost half of the world’s current debt,” said U.S. Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women’s Issues Cath erine Russell in a recent speech. She also noted that “studies have found that countries with less gender inequality are more secure, and peace 32 last longer when women are at the negotiating table.”Nonetheless, no country in the world can 33 that it has achieved full gender equality.“Around the world, women are vastly 34 in politics and the workforce, particularly in leadership positions and other high-paying jobs,” said Ambassador Russell. At the same time, women make up the majority of the poor. “I’ve heard people say that poverty has a 35 face, and that makes sense when you consider that women control just one-fifth of global wealth,” said Ambassador Russell.World leaders are beginning to recognize that everyone benefits from 36 gender equality, she said. This is why gender equality is part of U.S. foreign policy. A key part of U.S. efforts focus on educating and empowering girls. In the past 18 months, the United States 37 its global strategy to empower adolescent girls, as well as Let Girls Learn, which is a Presidential initiative that focuses on educating girls.We are also working with numerous countries to remove 38 that keep women from inheriting or owning property, entering the formal job market or accessing banking services.“Gender equal ity sometimes looks like an impossible task —a 39 without an end,” said Ambassador Russell. “But...we can make progress, and that progress is worth making. Little by little, discussion by discussion, step by step, we can improve the lives of women and girls, menand boys all around the world. And in doing so, we can reach our 40 goals of peace, prosperity, and security.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“Achievement Gap” Closing Slightly for Young Students in U.S.Within many education systems, wealthier students often test better than poorer ones, which, to education expert s, is often called the “achievement gap.”Sean Reardon is a professor of poverty and 41 in education at Stanford. He studied children and how they prepare for kindergarten classes. He also looked at how their preparation has changed since the 1990s. He found 42 that from 1998 to 2010 the achievement gap closed a little.One way to reduce the gap is to offer pre-kindergarten 43 to very young children.Education experts and some politicians have long 44 for pre-kindergarten classes for all young children. In fact, it has been a 45 heard on the political campaign trail —universal pre-kindergarten classes for all 3- and 4-year-olds.Such classes are already being offered in some areas around the United States, including the U.S. capital, Washington, D.C. 46 , education reformers may want to look to Washington as a role model.Vincent Gray, former mayor of the District of Columbia, wrote the legislation for universal pre-K when he was chairman of the D.C. Council. His 47 gave parents of all children in Washington the choice to begin school at either age 3 or 4. The pre-K programs are not a 48 in the city. Parents can still choose what is best for their family. But many parents are choosing education.However, there are theories that say a child does not need schooling at the age of 3 and 4. If we are looking at test results, Finland 49 the United States and most other countries in mathematics, reading and science. Yet Finnish children do not start school until age 7.Perhaps there is not a one-size-fits-all answer. Perhaps different children need school at different times. Generally, wealthier parents have more 50 resources to help their children. Educated parents —wealthy or not —may know how to use the resources that are available to them. For example, they may take their children to free events at a public library or recreation center. Washington, D.C. also has many museums with free 51 .Perhaps children who grow up with these types of activities don’t need to start attending school at age 3. However, children who are growing up in what Vincent Gray calls socio-economically 52 situations may not have access to such activities. For some families, he says, starting school at age 3 can be a game changer.Pre-kindergarten classes do more than 53 the child. They also bring parents and caregivers into the schools. This point of contact, explains Gray, is a valuable time to educate families.A federal study found that, 54 , parent involvement increased with such contacts. But it increased even more among 55 parents. It shows schools offer a place where conversations with these parents can happen.41. A. efficiency B. inequality C. convenience D. independence42. A. critically B. terribly C. firmly D. surprisingly43. A. projects B. actions C. programs D. materials44. A. desired B. pushed C. demanded D. promoted45. A. promise B. potential C. possibility D. proportion46. A. In fact B. For example C. As a result D. On the contrary47. A. figure B. measure C. feature D. portrait48. A. freedom B. option C. requirement D. need49. A. beats B. wins C. conquers D. overcomes50. A. economical B. political C. natural D. financial51. A. permission B. admission C. expression D. impression52. A. rich B. secure C. challenging D. dangerous53. A. support B. entertain C. excite D. educate54. A. generally B. especially C. definitely D. rarely55. A. well-paid B. highly-cultivated C. well-educated D. low-incomeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Science not always so seriousDid you know that if you attach a weighted stick to the back of a chicken, it walks like a dinosaur?No, you did not know (or care to know) such things, but now you do! Thanks to thi s year’s winners of the Ig Nobel Prizes! Now in its 25th year, the Ig Nobel is the goofy younger cousin of the honored Nobel Prize. It applauds achievements in the fields of medicine, biology, physics, economics, literature, etc. Every September at Harvard University, awards are presented in 10 categories that change year to year, depending on —according to the organization —what makes the judges “laugh, then think”.The ceremony officially begins when audience members launch paper airplanes at an assigned human target on the stage, then speakers only have 60 seconds to present their research. In previous years, the one-minute rule was imposed by a young girl —nicknamed Miss Sweetie Poo —who would go up to the platform and repeat the words: “Please stop, I’m bored,” in a sharp tone until the speaker left the stage.Fortunately for candidates though, the Ig Informal Lectures are held afterwards on Saturday to give presenters more time to explain the crazy things they’re working on.The research can seem more like the brainchildren of teenage boys than of respectable adults. JustinSchmidt won the physiology Ig for creating the “Sting Pain Index,” which rates the pain people feel after getting stung (蛰) by insects. Smith pressed bees against 25 different parts of his body until they stung him. Five stings a day for 38 days, Smith concluded that the most painful sting locations were the nostril (鼻孔) and the upper lip. Ouch.As silly as they sound, not all of the Ig awards lack scientific applicability. A group ofscientists from 12 different countries won in the medicine category for accurately diagnosing patients with appendicitis (阑尾炎) based on an unusual measurement: speed bumps (减速带). They found that patients are more likely to have appendicitis if they report pain during bumpy car rides.All these weird experiments have just one thing in common. They’re improbable. It can be tempting to assume that “improbable” implies more than that —implies bad or good, worthless or valuable, trivial or important. Something improbable can be any of those, or none of them, or all of them, in different ways. And what you don’t expect can be a powerful force for not only entertaining science, but also for the boundary-pushing science we call innovation.56. The underl ined word “goofy” in Paragraph 2 probably means __________.A. timidB. funnyC. gloriousD. warm-hearted57. According to the passage, what can we know about the awarding ceremony of Ig Nobel?A. It is held at a fixed place.B. Candidates should know how to fold paper planes.C. Miss Sweetie Poo is one of the hostesses.D. Ig Informal Lecture gives presenters 60 seconds to finish their speeches.58. The example in Paragraph 6 is used to illustrate that Ig Nobel __________.A. celebrates the diligent work of researchersB. offers another opportunity to those who miss the Nobel PrizesC. serves as a platform for the creative and practical achievementsD. amuses the audience59. Among the four candidates below, who is most likely to win an Ig Nobel?A. A chemist who invents a chemical method to partially un-boil an egg.B. A novelist who criticizes social injustice severely.C. A physicist who studies the origin of the universe.D. An economist who achieves a breakthrough in the study of international trade(B)All aboard: try these outHere are new card games popular in the Western geek circle that offer much brain work.Give them a try if you fancy testing your limits.MysteriumIn this game, the players are to solve a murder mystery in orderto put rest the soul of a wrongly-accused man who dies in prison.hints to other players in the way of “dream cards”. The dream cardswill then lead players to the cards with details about the murderweapon, location and suspects. Figuring out the connections betweenthese elements will help them find the murderer.Playing the ghost can be fun, as Tony Mastrangeli, a gamereviewer, puts it, “For me, some of the most fun comes from playingt he ghost role. I like steering the ship and handing out cards.”Pandemic: LegacyIn this game, you and your friends play a team of doctors andscientists, who can help to prevent four deadly diseases from wipingout humanity. This is a cooperative game, which means you and your Array teammates either live together or die together.By drawing an instruction card, teammates will be able to move,treat diseases or build a research station. If they draw one of the five“epidemic” (流行病) cards, the city will suffer a disease outbreak. Ifhandled wrong, outbreaks might lead to a chain reaction and causethings to crash down.Pandemic: Legacy requires you to look at the bigger picturebefore making any decisions. Finding the balance between treatingdiseases and seeking more permanent cures is a constant challenge.60. Playing the ghost in Mysterium offers you a lot of fun because __________.A. you can bring the poor man back to lifeB. you can solve the murder mystery by yourselfC. you can dominate the whole gameD. you can select your partners61. In Codenames, what clue may the Spymaster give for the cards bearing “agency”, “climate” and “fountain”?A. “architecture, 3”B. “tourism, 3”C. “location, 3”D. “geology, 3”62. Which of the following is NOT true about Pandemic: Legacy?A. It’s a role-play game.B. Its players need to beat one another.C. It provides fun and mental challenge.D. It calls for carefulness and comprehensive thinking to win the challenge.(C)The MacArthur Foundation la te last month announced its latest crop of “genius grants”, and once again you thought maybe, just maybe, this was your year.And why not? These days, we’re all geniuses. We might be “marketing geniuses” or “cooking geniuses” or “TV geniuses”. We have so weakened “genius” that it’s fast joining the company of “natural” and “mindful” (留心), words left inactive through overuse and misuse.Admittedly, the word is tough to nail down. Sometimes we assume genius equivalent to raw intelligence. But many of humani ty’s greatest breakthroughs were achieved by those with only modest IQs.Sometimes we think of the genius as someone extremely knowledgeable, but that definition also falls short. During Albert Einstein’s time, other scientists knew more physics than Eins tein did, but history doesn’t remember them. That’s because they didn’t make use of that knowledge the way Einstein did. They weren’t able to, as he put it, “regard old questions from a new angle”.The genius is not a know-it-all but a see-it-all, someone who, working with the materialavailable to all of us, is able to make surprising and useful connections. True genius involves not merely an extra advance, but a conceptual leap. As philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer put it: Talent hits the target no one else can hit; genius hits the target no one else can see.We’ve lost sight of this truth, and too often grant the title of genius on talented people hitting visible targets. A good example is the much-boasted announcement earlier this year that scientists had, for the first time, recorded the sound of two black holes bumping, a billion light-years away. It was a remarkable discovery, no doubt, but it did not represent a dramatic shift in how we understand the universe. It merely confirmed Einstein’s general t heory of relativity.As Plato observed, “What is honored in a country is cultivated there.” What do we honor? Digital technology, and the convenience it represents, so naturally we get a Steve Jobs or a Mark Zuckerberg as our “geniuses”, which, in point of fact, they aren’t.The iPhone and Facebook are wonderful inventions. In many ways, they make our lives a bit easier, a bit more convenient. If anything, though, a true genius makes our lives more difficult, more unsettled. William Shakespeare’s words pr ovide more anxiety than relief, and the world felt a bit more secure before Charles Darwin came along. Zuckerberg and Jobs may have changed our world, but they haven’t yet changed our worldview.We need to recover genius, and a good place to start is by putting the brakes on Genius Flooding.63. The key factor that sets geniuses and talents apart is that __________.A. geniuses have a larger range of knowledgeB. geniuses have access to far more resourcesC. geniuses can see visible targetsD. geniuses approach things differently64. The reasons why people naturally regard Steve Jobs & Mark Zuckerberg as geniuses include all the following EXCEPT that __________.A. their achievements bring people convenienceB. they have extraordinary intelligenceC. they are native to the country where digital technology is highly valuedD. they satisfy people’s needs in the age of high technology65. What can we infer from the passage?A. We should stop the improper use of “natural” and “mindful”.B. The first recording of two black holes bumping each other is a genius breakthrough.C. Charles Darwin is hardly a genius.D. More geniuses remain to be found in our life.66. What is the best title for the passage?A. Get a new word, genius.B. Learn from a new model, genius.C. Join in a new group, genius.D. Make a new friend, genius.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.5 Fictions about Premium Economy (豪华经济舱)If the sight of your fellow passengers relaxing in premium economy has you filled with envy, you’re not alone. It seems like every airline is providing a few rows of seats that offer just that much more legroom and space. But is it worth the price? Here are five fictions about premium economy class.1. Premium economy is pretty much the same on every airline.“__________ (67)”, says Zach Honig, editor-in-chief of the The Points Guy. Benefits can include anywhere from 5 to 7 inches of extra legroom, a slightly wider seat and slightly more seat recline (向后倚靠). Other conveniences can include adjustable head rests, leg rests on somecarriers, larger personal TV screens, power ports and a better level of food. But frankly, nothing is standardized.2. You get a meal and free drinks with a premium economy seat.Not on most domestic flights that offer a semblance (表象) of international service. __________(68). But when it comes to meals, you’ll get a few more bags of free peanuts than they offer in coach and the opportunity to purchase pre-packed in-flight meals before economy-class passengers do.3. There are others benefits, like free Wi-Fi.You might find furrier pillows and larger blankets, but add-ons like in-flight Wi-Fi usually come along with an additional charge. “__________ (69)”, says DiScala of Johnny Jet, who adds, “Some do, so always ask. I made the mistake of buying Wi-Fi on my SAS flight in June. I later learned that premium passengers get it for free.”4. You get a lot more space.A “lot more space” is very relative. Don’t expect a huge seat, just one that’s somewhat larger than those in economy on the same aircraft. Honig says that “You can expect to find roughly as much space as you’ll get in the domestic first-class cabin on a U.S. airline, or in JetBlu e’s ‘Even More Space’ section. It’s definitely more than you’ll have in coach.”5. __________ (70)“Just as with business class, it’s worth checking the price of premium economy,” says Leff of . “The addition may not be very high. Last weekend, I wrote about premium economy on Virgin Atlantic being cheaper than coach. But it may also be much more expensive. Airfares vary dramatically, and that’s as true for premium economy as it is for coach.”IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A Father’s Influence Makes for Better GradesAdolescents from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers to underachieve and to drop out of school. Studies have shown that a positive attitudetowards school work and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how adolescents experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behaviors that are most affected by it.This new study is part of a larger one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Data were analyzed from questionnaires completed by 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork, and how they experienced their fathers. The questionnaires were completed primarily by respondents of Mexican American, African American and European American descent. Their maths and language arts grades were also obtained.Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism, self-efficacy, and, ultimately, higher achievement at school.These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, while in different ways. Expe riencing their father’s warmth first influences daughters’ sense of optimism, and then spills over into their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better math grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers’ involvement and teenage boys’ belief in their ability to succeed on the academic front. This heightened self-confidence increased their success in English language arts classes.Suizzo suggests that counselors and educators should encourage fathers to communicate warmth and acceptance to their children, because of the positive influence these emotions have on their well-being.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.71. 没什么比读这本历史小说更能吸引我的了。

2017年宝山区高考一模翻译部分V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.顾客购物时总是注重品牌形象。

(focus)73.我再也抑制不住看篮球比赛的冲动。

(no longer)74.这本书备受推崇的原因是它给人以希望和启迪。

(…why…)75.她的有关个人奋斗的演讲很真诚，让我们感动得几乎流泪。

（…such …that…）2017年崇明区高考一模翻译部分V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？（approve)73. 不可否认的是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患。

（deny)74. 那个专门研究家庭教育的教授将受邀给这些家长做讲座。

（expert)75. 垃圾分类不仅有助于环境保护还有利于废物循环利用，所以人人要行动起来。

（Not only)2017年奉贤区高考一模I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 环保组织呼叮公众投票反对这个项目。

(appeal)73. 人生最重要的不是我们置身何处，而是我们将前往何处。

(matter)74. 只有充分利用你遇到的每个机会，你才能实现自己的梦想。

（Only)75. 随着各种支付方式的出现，许多人越来越担心的是，和现金或信用卡相比，他们的电子钱包是否足够安全。

（concern)2017年虹口高考一模I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、干嘛不去看场电影放松一下自己？（Why）2、全市所有的公园都应对市民免费开放。

1---虹口区Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)A group of college students is hoping to place a satellite powered only by water into an orbit (轨道) around the moon.The students are from Cornell University in thestate of New York. They are taking part in a competitioncalled the Cube Quest Challenge. It is a program ofNASA, the American space agency. The Cornell team iscalled the CisLunar Explorers. The word cislunar means“between the earth and the moon.”The challenge is simple: to design, build and deliver “flight-qualified, small satellites.” NASA off icials say the satellites must be able to perform “advanced operations near and beyond the moon.”Ten teams are taking part in the competition. But the CisLunar Explorer satellites are different. They are the only ones using water to power their spacecraft.The idea for a water-powered vehicle came from Mason Peck, who works at Cornell University. He once worked as NASA’s chief technologist. He has always wanted to use something other than rockets to push spacecraft beyond earth. “A lot of the mass we send into orbit these days is in the form of rockets -- the only way we get anything into space,” he said, in a Cornell press release. “But what if we could use what’s already there? If we could do that, if we could re-fuel spacecraft while they’re already in space...”The spacecraft is shaped like the English letter L. It measures about 30 centimeters in length, and the two pieces are connected. Water is stored in the lower part of the satellite. The sun will separate the water into two elements: hydrogen and oxygen. When one combines hydrogen and oxygen with a spark (火花), an explosion results. This provides a forward movement, known as thrust.The CisLunar Explorer team has an unusual way to guide its spacecraft. The idea is to copy how old-time sailors used the moon, sun and stars to fix their position on the oceans. The satellite is equipped with cameras. The cameras will take pictures of the sun, the earth and the moon and compare their positions and their sizes. Based on where the sun, moon and earth are at any given time, the CisLunar Explorers will do the mathematics to find their position.The competition is being held in four parts. The Cornell team has been among the top three competitors during parts one and two. The winners of the third stage will be announced in about a month. The final three winners will be announced in early 2017. They will get to ride on NASA’s space launch system in early 2018.63. The essential part of the competition “the Cube Quest Challenge” is ______.A. to launch a satellite to take a watery flight to the moonB. to design, build and deliver a small and flight-qualified satelliteC. to place a satellite powered only by water into an orbit around the moonD. to make the satellite perform advanced operations near and beyond the moon64. What does Mason Peck want to do at Cornell University according to the passage?A. To stop using rockets for the sake of safety.B. To use something already in space as power.C. To try using water in space to push spacecraft.D. To design a water-powered vehicle to push spacecraft.65. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. there is a lot of rubbish of rockets and satellites in the orbit these daysB. a water-powered satellite will soon be sent into the orbit around the moonC. the explosion of the combination of hydrogen and oxygen provides powerD. the team members of the CisLunar Explorers are the students of Mason Peck66. What would be the best title of the passage?A. A Spacecraft Powered by WaterB. A Water-Powered Flight to the MoonC. A Competition for Water-Powered SatelliteD. A Design of Water-Powered Space JourneyKeys: 63-66: DBCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(C)①What does it say about the future of meat when the country’s largest processor of chicken, pork, and beef buys a stake(股份) in a start-up that aims to “perfectly replace animal protein with plant protein”?②Tyson Foods announced this week that it purchased a 5 percent stake in Beyond Meat, the Southern California-based food-tech start-up that made headlines earlier this year with its veggie burger that reportedly cooks and tastes like real beef.③To be sure, Beyond Meat’s meatless creations have yet to take the c ountry by storm. Although the 100 percent plant-based burgers have achieved plenty of positive press since they appeared for the first time in May, so far they’re only available at Whole Foods stores in seven states. Even though the company’s “chicken” strips, “beef” pies, and meatless frozen dinners are available nationwide, Beyond Meat is hardly a household name.④That may be what makes the news of Tyson’s investment all the more noteworthy. While the two companies declined to give details about the deal, it’s doubtful that Tyson’s 5 percent stake made much of dent(凹陷) in the meat giant’s coffers(金库). The company posted $41.4 billion in sales last year; prior to the deal with Tyson, Beyond Meat had reportedly raised $64 million in project capital funding—about what Tyson earns before lunch on any given day.⑤Tyson is doing pretty great. The company reported record third-quarter earnings per share in August and says that it expects overall meat production to increase 2 to 3 percent during the next financial year. But like a big oil company shelling out cash to invest in wind power, Tyson’s toe-in-the-water move to team up with a start-up devoted to bringing more plant-based protein to American dinner tables seems to suggest the meat industry is starting to see which way the winds are blowing.⑥Sales of plant-based protein, which totaled an estimated $5 billion last year, continue to pale compared with the market for meat in America—but vegetarian alternatives to meat arebooming, with sales growing at more than double the rate for food products overall. The steady drumbeat of news about the negative health impacts, environmental problems, and animal welfare concerns associated with meat consumption appears to be sinking in. According to a survey released in April, more than half of Americans surveyed said they plan to eat more plant-based foods in the coming year.63. Beyond Meat’s veggie burger made headlines probably because __________.A. it makes perfect use of animal proteinB. it uses high tech in the making processC. it tastes as good as a genuine beef burgerD. it represents the diet trend in South California64. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the state of Beyond Meat?A. It is the creator of the country’s first 100 percent plant-based burgers.B. It has been well received as its products are available nationwide.C. It is far from being a match to real food processing giants like Tyson.D. It provides high-quality dining experience in selected Whole Foods stores.65. What can we infer from paragraph 4?A. The purchase of the stake barely costs a thing for Tyson.B. The 5 percent stake in Beyond Meat means a lot to Tyson.C. Tyson’s investment hasn’t caught the attention of the media as expected.D. Tyson is relying on this investment to raise more project capital funding.66. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Meat will still take over the market in spite of other alternatives.B. A major American meat company is betting on plant-based protein.C. Tyson and Beyond Meat work together to build a global meat giant.D. Plants have been found to contain protein that does more good to human beings.Keys: 63-66 CCABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(C)Spain’s Literary GeniusFour centuries ago, the author of one of the greatest comedic characters in the world literature took his last breath. Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616), the author of Don Quixote, is to the Spanish what Shakespeare is to the English and Dante is to Italians - a national literary icon.Cervantes’ book is still appreciated today, hundreds of years after its publication, because it’s a wonderfully truthful comedy. Don Quixote, like human beings generally, has great difficulty distinguishing reality from imagination. Readers may laugh at his strange behavior, but when we laugh, we laugh with recognition.The book records the adventures of Alonso Quijano, an older Spanish gentleman who loves romance novels. In truth, he reads far too many romances, and they have affected his mind. Quijano is so mixed up that he decides that he must become a knight himself. Imagine a comic book fan who decides to dress up as a superhero to fight crime, and you’ll get the picture.Setting the sceneAlonso Quijano reinvents himself as “Don Quixote de La Mancha”, an aristocratic（贵族的）name that suits his ambition of being a knight. Next, since every knight needs a horse, he finds himself an old one named Rocinante. But Rocinante is not exactly cut out for life as a knight’s horse. He’s tired from years of farm work. He’s unlikely to be of much help in any fight against an enemy.The heroes in the romances Quijano reads all had a lady to love. They were highborn, like the knights the mselves. Quijano chooses Aldonza Lorenzo, a farmer’s daughter, to be his beloved. She becomes “Dulcinea del Toboso”, or “the sweet woman of Toboso”. How does Aldonza feel about Quijano’s attentions? She doesn’t feel much at all, actually. Aldonza is yet an other byproduct of Quijano’s imagination, like so many things.Finding a sidekickNow comes Cervantes’ second great creation: Sancho Panza. Once servant in Quijano’s house, Panza is promoted to the role of squire（随从）, because every self-respecting knight needs a squire. Panza has a sensible head on his shoulders, and he is a foil（衬托）to his foolish master.The pair faces many adventures, but none are as heroic as a knight’s should be. We laugh, rather than cry, as we read. Quijano tries to act on be half of justice, but he doesn’t often succeed.Cervantes’ novel inspired a word that sums up Quijano’s romantic nature: “quixotic”. In English we use the word to describe someone who is idealistic but foolish in pursuit of his ideals. It is a mark of C ervantes’ genius that he was able to identify this trait and personify it using such a great comedic character. We should appreciate him for it on this significant occasion.63. On what occasion did the author write this review?A. The 400th anniversary of the publication of Don Quixote.B. An Italian Poet, Dante’s 800th birth anniversary.C. An English genius, William Shakespeare’s 400th death anniversary.D. Miguel de Cervantes’ 400th anniversary of his death.64. Which role is Alonso Quijano most likely to identify with?A. Miguel de Cervantes.B. Don Quixote de La Mancha.C. Dulcinea del Toboso.D. Sancho Panza.65.What can be inferred from the passage?A. Don Quixote’s failure of distinguish reality from imagination amuses the readers.B. Quijano manages to bring justice to the world by means of force.C. Quijano is a Spanish aristocrat with great ambition.D. Reading romance novel will make people behave in a foolish way.66.According to the author, readers admire Cervantes and his masterpiece because .A.Cervantes is equal to Shakespeare and Dante as a national literary iconB.Quijano’s adventure is romantic and heroicC. Cervantes has a genius for personifying Quijan o’s quixotic nature in a truthful comedy.D. Quijano’s vivid imagination has brought other minor characters to lifeKeys:63—66 DBACSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(C)Not setting homework can be impossible in certain situations. There are many arguments in favour of homework, and most teachers would agree with many, if not all, of the following:homework is a perfect opportunity to go over calmly what was done with the teacher, and rethink and develop that initial input; homework offers a moment for students to work as individuals and develop learner self-governance outside the classroom;students and parents expect homework to be set and to be corrected. Nevertheless, the drawbacks that homework may have are often overlooked.There are two key issues which need to be raised when dealing with the concept of homework. Firstly, there is the question of home. Often homework is not done at home at all, but at a fri end’s house, on the street, on the bus on the way to class or sitting on the step outside school before it opens. What’s more, all too often, for it to be done effectively at home, homework requires the participation and involvement of other adults. Parent s play a crucial role in a child’s education, but they can’t always be available, for a number of very valid reasons, and a tutor’s ability to aid, guide, encourage and simply organize a son or daughter’s study may be limited in many ways. The implication are upsetting: if homework is crucial to success in class, some children have an automatic disability.Considering the second part of the compound noun opens up further questions. If the idea of home can be problematic, so too can the concept of work.Again, this will depend enormously on the context but , very often there is a lot of work put in. Demands on their time and attention span(持续时间)and all sorts of other impositions mean homework is usually something to get out of the way, to be ticked off as done, with the exercises completed as fast as possible. It is not always seen as useful times spent developing and strengthening what is done in class but, rather, as something quickly finished to keep the teacher at bay. It might be correct or not, copied from a friend or cut and pasted from the internet, but the important thing is that a teacher sees the exercise completed and, as a result, the task achieved: how much effort went into that result is not always appreciated or easy to evaluate and, even When work clearly falls below standard, and the mere fact of its having been done is often good enough. Teacher and students are happy because everyone has officially fulfilled theircommitment.The ideal that students go home, think back to what they did with their teacher, use the great resources their books and the internet provide to revise, reflect and put everything they have seen in class in place, into action, into practice, does not often happen with some students.62. Which of the following is not among the advantages of homework according to paragraph 1?A. Solidifying the knowledge and skills learnt in class.B. Developing the ability of the independent learning.C. Building a closer teacher-student relationship.D. Meeting the requirements of students and parents.63. Speaking of the significant impact of homework upon children’s success in class, some are just inferior to others because_______.A. their tutors are not always available to support themB. they are born without the ability to deal with conceptsC. their family circumstances limit their learning abilityD. some unknown reasons greatly hold up their progress64.“Keep the teacher at bay”(paragragh3) means the way homework is done____.A. imposes enormous meaningless evaluating work on teachersB. blocks teachers from knowing more about their studentsC. displays the great efforts students make to satisfy their teachersD. shows achievements teachers expect to accomplish in their work65. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Homework is hardly functioning as is naturally expected.B. Parents need to stand away from their children’s homework.C. Students prefer doing homework elsewhere instead of at home.D. The quality of homework is usually teachers’ first concern.66.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？A. Are you ready for homework yet?B. Is there a way out for homework?C. Home and Work: it’s hard to combine.D. Homework or No homework: it is your choice.Keys:62-66 CCBABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C）Until 1964 most forms of gambling were illegal in the United States. Since then, however, more and more stales have legalized gambling in order to raise income. The U. S. gambling industry has gone from an attitude of “prohibition” to one of “promotion”, as all but five states have now legalized gambling as a solution to their depressed economies.Most states in the United States now depend on incomes from state lotteries (博彩）and use them for good causes, such as improving public education, maintaining slate parks, and developing environmental programs.State governments maintain that the voluntary contribution of funds through state lotteries is preferable to increase state sales or income taxes, and the residents of states using the lottery system tend to support this. The gaming industry has also benefited some of the nation's poorest citizens: Native Americans. The U. S. government ruled in 1988 that slates could not tax the revenues earned by gambling on Native American reservations. Having taken advantage of this ruling an open cosmos (赌场）on their reservations, many Native Americans moved from a life of poverty to a life of wealth.Although there are many advantages to legalized gambling, there has also been a good deal of criticism of state-supported gambling. As states increase their support of state lotteries, they seem to encourage commercial gambling in all its forms. About 50 percent of the U. S. population plays the lottery, according to a study by the University of Chicago. This trend has led to an increase in habitual gambling. More than 5 million Americans suffer from gambling addiction. Those most at risk of becoming addicted include the poor, young people between twelve and eighteen years old, and women over the age of fifty, who are looking for some entertainment. As a result, many of them will end up in prison or even homeless. The promise of winning big fortune has created bigproblems.Perhaps the most important concern is the moral issue of legalized gambling. The lottery is the only form of gambling that is essentially a government control. Critics ask whether gambling is a proper function of government. Should the government be the spokesman for the expansion of gambling? Critics say state advertising of lotto emphasizes luck over hard work, instant happiness over careful planning and entertainment over savings. The traditional work ethic (道德准则) is being devalued by the pipedream of striking it rich, and this is sending confusing messages to young people.In 1996, Congress created a commission to conduct a legal study of the social and economic impacts of gambling in the United States. After two years of study, the Commission recommended an end to the expansion of legalized gambling and a ban on Internet gambling. Some feel this will severely hurt the gambling industry. Others fear that it is not enough and are asking the government to take a tough stand against gambling.61.According to the passage, we know that _______ .A.any forms of gambling were banned before 1964 in the USAB.the economical problems led to the rise of gambling industry in the USAC.all American stales have legalized gambling since 1964D.only five states have now legalized gambling because of the depressed economies62.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.State lottery system helps to raise money to improve people's public welfare.B. Gambling industry helps to change the American way of life.C. Gambling industry helps to improve the life of some poor Native Americans.D. State lottery system helps to increase state sales or income taxes.65.What is the author most concerned about?A.The expanding of the gambling industry.B.The suffering of the gambling-addicted people.C.The moral problems brought about by the legalized gambling.D.The disadvantage of Internet gambling.66. In Paragraph 5, the word “pipedream" means _________ .A. wonderful ideaB. creative ideaC. unworkable planD. practical planKEYS: 63-66 BBCCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Books, Films and PlaysThe novelist’s medium is the written word. O ne might almost say the printed word. Typically the novel is consumed by a silent, individual reader, who may be anywhere at the time. The paperback novel is still the cheapest, most portable and adaptable form of narrative entertainment. It is limited to a single channel of information - writing. The narrative can go, effortlessly, anywhere: into space, people’s head, palaces, prisons and pyramids, without any consideration of cost or practical possibility. In determining the shape and content of his narrative, the writer is restricted by nothing except purely artistic criteria(评判标准). The novelist keeps absolute control over his text until it is published and received by the audience. He may be advised by his editor to revise his text, but if the writer refused to meet this condition no one would be surprised. It is not unknown for a well-established novelist to deliver his or her manuscript(手稿) and expect the publisher to print it exactly as written.However, not even the most well-established playwright or screenplay writer would submit(提交) a script and expect it to be performed without any rewriting. This is because plays and motion pictures are cooperative forms of narrative, using more than one channel of communication.The production of a stage play involves, as well as the words of the author, the physical presence of the actors, their voices and gestures, the “set” and possibly music. Although the script is the essential basis of both stage play and film, it is a basis for subsequent revision negotiated between the writer and the other creative people involved. They are given “approval” of the choice of director and actors and have the right to attend rehearsals(排演), during which period they may undertake more rewriting work. In the case of the screenplay, the writer may have little or no control over the final form of his work. Contracts for the production of plays protect the rights ofauthors in this respect.In film or television work, on the other hand, the screenplay writer has no contractual right to this degree of consultation. While the script is going through its various drafts, the writer is in the driver’s seat, although sometimes receiving criticism from the producer and the director. But once the production is under way, artistic control over the project tends to pass to the director. This is a fact overlooked by most journalistic critics of television drama, who tend to give all the credit or blame for success or failure of a production to the writer and actors, ignoring the contribution, for good or ill, of the director.63. From the first and second paragraph, we know that ________.A. there should be artistic criteria for the novelists to followB. playwright or screenplay writers often have to rewrite their workC. compared with playwrights, novelists are relatively independentD. audience sometimes are the key factors to determine artistic criteria64. Why can the novelist expect the publisher to print the manuscript exactly as written?A. Because the novelist keeps absolute control over his text.B. Because the words in the novel are not difficult for readers.C. Because the novel is limited to a single channel of information - writing.D. Because the novelist is seldom advised by editors to revise the text.65. Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?A. Playwrights envy the simplicity of the novelist’s work.B. Experience in the theatre improves the work of screenplay writers.C. Screenplay writers usually have the final say in how a TV drama will turn out.D. Playwrights are frequently involved in revising their work.66. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Screenplay writers should take the success of television drama in their hands.B. Screenplay writers should be more sensitive about their contractual right.C. The directors play a decisive role in the final outcome of television drama.D. Critics of television drama tend to neglect the importance of writer and actors.KEYS: 63-66 CCDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（C）Here amid the steel and concrete canyons, green grass grows. A hawthorn tree(山楂树)stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend in the wind.But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety—especially 20,000 square feet of gardens—on its roof.As one of a handful of similar projects around the country, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce its “urban heat islands”, said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment.Heat islands-dark surfaces in the city, like rooftops---soak up heat. The retention(滞留）can bake a building, making it hard to cool down.The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Street in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the street below.The garden will provide greenery and shade. "And that,,, t4said the city officials, will save the city dollars on those hot summer days.55 The project savings from cooling is about $4,000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof.The stretching open-air rooftop garden is being carefully built on amulti-tiered(多展的）bed of special soil, polystyrene（聚苯乙烯）,egg-carton-shaped cones and “waterproof membrane(薄膜)’’ mall to keep the roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, min and plant life. The design calls for soil depths of 4 inches to 18 inches. When the last plants and seedlings are buried and the last bit of soil is laid, the garden will have circular brick stepping-stones winding up to hills.“The primary focus of what we wan t.to do is to establish this laboratory on the top of City Hall to get people involved and understanding their impact on the environment ;and how the little things can make an impact on the quality of life,,9 Mr. Abolt said, adding that the plants also help。

2017年上海英语高三一模完形填空全解析-翻译、单词、详解2017年高三英语一模汇编——完形填空One宝山区III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrases markedA, B, CandD. Fillin each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Anxiety disorders-- defined by extreme fear, restlessness,and muscle tension --are carefully considering, disabling, and can increase the risk for _____41_____and self-murder. They are some of the most common mental health conditions around the world, _____42_____around four out of every 100 people and costing the health care system and job employers over US $42billion each year.焦虑症-----被定义为极度恐惧、不安和肌肉紧张，正在小心地重视，禁止，它增加了（41 ）和自杀的风险。

他们是世界上最普通的精神健康问题。

每一百人中有四人会受它的（42 ），每年要花费健康关心系统（卫生保健系统）和就业者近42亿美金。

anxiety 英[za??ti] n.焦虑，忧虑;disorder英[d?s??:d?(r)] n.混乱，凌乱;（身心机能的）失调使混乱，使凌乱The emergency room was in disorder 急诊室里一片混乱。

2017静安高三英语一模听力文本第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，共7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒中的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。

1. Where is the man from?A. Atlanta.B. New York.C. Washington2. How much is the man's telephone bill?A. $50.B. $24.C. $30.3. What does the woman want to watch?A. News.B. "Animal World".C. Movie.4. Which apartment is the woman interested in?A. The one-bedroom apartment.B. The two-bedroom apartment.C. The three-bedroom apartment.5. What is the woman doing?A. Giving advice.B. Asking the way.C. Making a request.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，共22.5分)听下面6段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A. B. C.三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白你将听两边。

听第6段材料，回答第7至7题。

6. Why is the woman late?A. She missed the bus.B. She couldn't start her car.C. She couldn't find the key.7. Where are the two speakers?A. At a garage.B. At a bus stop.C. At a restaurant.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

2017届上海市静安区高三上学期期末教学质量检测（一模）英语试题及答案静安区2017学年第一学期高三年级教学质量检测英语试卷（120分钟完成; 总分：150分）第I卷（共 103 分）(第I卷试题的答案请做在答题卡上)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At the man’s office. B. At the woman’s office.C. In a cinema.D. Outside their dormitory.2. A. She likes fruit salad. B. She eats whatever she likes.C. She prefers to be on a diet.D. She is afraid of gaining weight.3. A. 7:30. B. 7:40. C. 7:50.D.8:00.4. A. Tim’s excellent performance. B.Tim’s assignment.C. Tim’s graduation day.D. Tim’s study habits.5. A. Husband and wife. B. Manager and customer.C. Hostess and guest.D. Teacher and student.6. A. He has no interest in wild life protection.B. He ca n’t join the group.C. He is sorry to fail in the examination.D. He’s already busy with the Student Uni on issue.7. A. Price of petrol. B. Bus fare.C. Traffic condition.D. Petrol shortage.8. A. They’ll have to get some more paint.B. They should get someone to help them.C. They shouldn’t delay any longer.D. They don’t have to paint the room again.9. A. Summer vacation. B. Language learning.C. Pleasure of traveling.D. Studying abroad .10. A. The woman wants to go to Toronto. B. The man wants to go to Vancouver.C. There are no flights to Toronto.D. There are two direct flights to Toronto.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She explained the functions of the BCD。

2017年上海高考各区一模题型汇总------- 阅读理解部分宝山区一模(A)It dawned on me recently that I am the only person in my family who doesn’t benefit from having a mother in the house.This was not only the case for me, but for a large number of fellow countrymen, including one friend who felt so bad one night that she got out of bed and cleaned her house in case the medical examiner had to come. (He didn’t.)“I want my mommy” indeed could be read throughout the cold, snowy descriptions of winter’s Facebook, where many middle-aged women are known to go for comfort.This translates as: “I want a constant supply of homemade soup without asking for it.”Also: “I want someone who can put her hand on my forehead and know within a degree what my temperature is.”More than anything, the desire for mommy translates into a longing for selfless constancy, for the all-knowing, all-knowing mother with a cold cloth in her hand, who never leaves the bedside except to go to the bathroom.The image of the mother nurse at the sick bed-think Go ne With the Wind’s Melanie in the Civil War hospitals-is one of a perfect, warmhearted wisdom soldiers’ holy person and medicine woman, a la Joan of Arc, Mother Teresa and Pocahontas rolled into one. She is a supernatural being who knows, without the help of Google, when her patient should go to the doctor and when she should stay in bed, which illness needs a warm bath and which needs a warm shower…Now, to be fair: let me say that my good friend made soup for me-twice-while I was ill. My goddaughter, a nurse practitioner, texted every day, several times a day, from several states away. My husband often came home from work in the middle of the day to check on me. One night, which so happened to be an outdoor celebration , when I was at my most miserable and convinced it was time for the emergency room, my family gathered around me on the bed with red beans and rice．There’s nothing quite like a mother in situations like these. Literature knows it. History knows it. Even current studies show that mothers are still 10 times more likely than their husbands to leave work to tend to sick children and five times more likely to take the sick child to the doctor, like a kid than a mother these days, continuously circling my sick bed, meowing for food while I suffer in a pile of cough drop wrappers.There is hope: I asked my primary care provider, who is a woman and a mother, at my office visit midway through my illness, if she would be my mommy.She threw her head back and laughed.56. What does the underlined wor d “She” refer to in Paragraph7?A. MelanieB. la Joan of ArcC. Mother TeresaD. Pocahontas57. We can conclude from the writer, Mother can possibly do the following Except________.A. Supplying homemade soup regularly without asking for it.B. Diagnosing whether her child runs a high fever with her hand.C. Offering her children a helping hand when necessary.D. Never leaving her husband’s bedside except going to the bathroom58. The writer mentions her friend, daughter and husband, which implies that________. .A. her daughter has much less experience than her husband in looking after patientsB. her husband comforted her much less than her daughter.C. though they looked after her well, they couldn’t replace the role of Mother.D. compared with literature, history and current studies, they have done better.59. As a whole, this passage suggests the writer________.A. misses her dead motherB. hopes to get comfort and care from her motherC. blames her mother for being outD. needs her mother’s help with housework56.A 57. D 58. B 59. B(B)60. It can be concluded from the passage that the consultants intend to help graduatesA. figure out a qualified consultantB. work out the mismatchC. start out on their career pathD. make out future employers61. The following statements made by consultants are true Except________.A. Make sure your approach for information is positive in tone.B. Some information you are given may not give a complete picture.C. You should demonstrate determination to improve your job prospects.D. Keep your initial objective in mind when you are planning to change jobs.62. Who suggests that graduates should stay happy in spite of defeats among the following consultants?A . Alice B. Paul C. Rebecca D. Smith60. C 61. D 62. B(C)From winning a complex war to developing a life-saving drug: there are so many things that can only be achieved if people work together in harmony. They can then achieve impressive performances that also benefit the individual. So, why do colleagues or others so often make things difficult for one another? Experimental research carried out by De Dreu has shown that greed and fear are the basic reasons determining problems with teamwork. “People are afraid that their contribution will mainly benefit those people who themselves contribute nothing. That’s why people hold back and invest in self-protection rather than cooperation.”De Dreu examined the strategies people use to maximize the benefits for themselves and to reduce the risk of being exploited. He conducts experiments where the participants can invest in self-protection or attacks on others, or they can choose to do nothing. When motivated by greed, people seem to invest mainly in self-protection and less in attacks on others. “Fear is almost always present as a brake on cooperation, but it’s more difficult to predic t when greed will crop up.” The puzzle is that fear among rival groups tends to result in people working better together. “It seems to happen almost automatically, often without it even being discussed.”As Professor of Employment and Organisation Psychology at the University of Amsterdam, De Dreu has conducted a lot of research on cooperation within organizations. In Leiden he intends to approach the subject at a higher level of abstraction. “We know a lot about what makes the best kind of leaders. Now I want to examine what our brain looks like when we are working together. I’m interested in that because cooperating with one another relies on very basic systems that we also use for other tasks, such as child-rearing.”He intends to use brain scans to look at which neurohormones (神经激素) play a role in cooperation, such as the “hug hormone (荷尔蒙)” oxytocin（催生素）. Is more oxytocin produced when people are working together successfully? And can you influence cooperation by administering an amount of this hormone? “This neurobiological approach has only really been used by psychologists in the past five years, and there are a lot of important research questions that have to be answered.”De Dreu draws attention to his multidisciplinary approach. He is. also interested in the effect of such “institutions” as religion and legislation because these have an obvious influence on our behavior. He will be working together with fellow scientists from other disciplines: sociologists, political scientists, legal specialists, religious experts and also biologists who will be examining the behavior of rats, for example.De Dreu doesn’t exclude the possibility that he will again be conducting some of his research in organizations. Until then he would welcome any managers would be willing to take part in his neurobiological research. “I would love it if a lot of managers were willing to have scans while making decisions about their companies. But then they’d have to come in their masses, and that’s not to easy to achieve.”63. W hat does the phrase “child-rearing” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. One of the basic systems that we work with one another.B. One of the tasks our human beings need to be finished.C. One of the questions that people have to be answered.D. One of the exa mples lies in people’s self-protection64. The experiments conducted by De Dreu imply the following statements Except________.A. Teamwork happens automatically if panic exists among rival groups.B. People will invest in self-protection when driven by greed.C. Some basic systems in our brain help us work with one another.D. More oxytocin is produced when people maximize the benefits for themselves.65. It can be inferred from the passage that De Dreu uses a wide variety of methods to research ________.A. what our brain looks likeB. why people don’t often cooperate in teamworkC. how religion and rules work well togetherD. how managers react in the scanner66. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Experiments on. Different peopleB. Research on brain scans and role of religionC. Greed and fear restrict cooperationD. Hormone influences our behavior63. A 64. D 65. B 66. C2017年崇明区高考一模试题汇总(A)A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds is bound to make an impression. But in Mary Fields’ case, these features were outmatched by a heart of gold that made her legendary(传奇的).Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, not even a date of birth. However, in her early years, she found something of truly lasting value—a friend named Dolly. In addition to friendship, Dolly also may have taught Mary to read and write, an invaluable advantage for slaves. At the end of America’s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom and made her own way out into the world.Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun （修女）in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary arrived in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus’ girls’ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a gun-carrying, cigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years, though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first black woman to settle in central Montana.When Mary was in her 50s, a sick Mother Amadeus called her West. So Mary made her way to the small town of Cascade, Montana, to nurse Amadeus to health. She did this and more, running supplies and visitors to St. Peter’s Mission where Amadeus lived. Once when her wagon(四轮马车) overturned, she guarded the delivery from wolves through the night.But Mary's rough edges caused the local bishop (主教) to prohibit her from working at the mission. Mother Amadeus then set her up as the first African-American female employee of the U.S. Postal Service. Though in her 60s, Mary was such a dependable mail carrier that she earned the name “tagecoach” Mary. She became a beloved figure in Cascade. She was the only woman allowed in the saloon (酒馆), was the baseball team’s biggest fan and wa s given free meals in the town hotel.Nearly 70, Mary quit delivering the mail but remained in Cascade. The town’s school closed to celebrate her unknown birthday twice a year. When she passed away in 1914, a simple cross was placed to mark her grave and her legend in the Wild West.56. What about Mary Fields impressed people most?A. Her tall and fat figure.B. Her reputation as an educated slave.C. Her friendliness and responsibility.D. Her habit of carrying a gun and smoking.57. Which of the following shows Mary’s life experience in the order of time?①Mary began to deliver mail in Cascade.②Mary worked in a school in Montana.③Mary was taught to read and write.④Mary took care of sick Amadeus.⑤Mary worked on a steamed boat.A.⑤①③②④B•⑤④②①③ C.②④⑤③① D.③⑤②④①58. Mary became a mail carrier because . ,A. people in Cascade loved herB. she once worked at St. Peter’s MissionC. Mother Amadeus recommended herD. the US Postal Service needed a femaleemployee59. In the last paragraph, t4her legend" most probably refers to _____ .A. her high social statusB. her unusual life as a pioneerC. her friendship with Amadeus.D. her role in the liberation of slaves56. 57. D58. C59. B(B)JENISON PUBLIC SCHOOLS__________________Part Time Enrollment(Home School Elective Courses)Grades 1-12Jenison International Academy is excited to offer online, nonessential courses to international students. Kindly view the online elective options, as well as the enrollment process, below. The application window for part time enrollments will close on Friday, December 30, 2016.Online Courses Offered Grades 1-12Elective OpportunitiesPlease click to view our Elective Course Offerings.Part Time Enrollment at JIAStudents participating in the program are allowed to enroll in up to 4 elective courses eachsemester, and have the option to take 100% of their courses online or create a schedule combination of online and on-campus courses at Jenison Public Schools, which may also include Tech Center, Co-op, and other qualified programs.Student Application ProcessSTEP 1: Online PreparationPlease review the following Interactive Online Readiness Criteria. Please keep this form for your own records. Online Readiness CriteriaSTEP 2: Submit Forms & DocumentationBy completing the Part Time Enrollment Application, applicants are fulfilling the Virtual Learning and District-Required Documentation.Printed ApplicationParents or guardians can download, print, and complete the JIA Enrollment paperwork & JPS District Application. Mail, scan or fax all completed paperwork using the contact information provided on the first page. Printed ApplicationAdditional Required Documentation can be found within the enrollment packet .An email will be sent to the parent or guardian email account when a completed application has been received. Upon review and approval, a welcome message and course selection email will be issued to the same address.60. The courses are designed for _____ .A. high-level students who are studying in Jenison Public SchoolsB.international students whose parents work in Jenison Public SchoolsC.foreign students who can’t study full time in Jenison International AcademyD.graduate students who want a part-time job in Jenison International Academy61. To get enrolled, one should ______ .A. prepare both online and offlineB. print the Online Readiness CriteriaC. contact JIA in person beforehandD. email the J1A Enrollment paperwork62. What can be learned from the webpage?A.The enrollment should be applied on December 30, 2016.B.The parent or guardian needs to have an email account.C.The students need to study at least 8 courses each year.D.The courses can only be learned online.60. C 61. A 62. B(C)Two heads are better than one, according to the old saying. So why are groups with lots of “heads” known for making bad decisions? Why does “groupthink” immediately mean ineffectiveness and mistakes?These questions are answered in a fascinating new book called Wiser: Getting Beyond Groupthink to Make Groups Smarter, written by Cass R. Sunstein, a former White House official, and Reid Hastie, an academic specialized in the psychology of decision making. Building on their combined experiences and research, Sunstein and Hastie analyze what goes wrong in group decision-making, and then offer clear-out solutions to overcome these problems.Group decision-making involves discussions among members of a group, each with their own skills, experience, ideas and information. Unfortunately, as the authors explain, there are two types of influence on group members—informational signals and social pressures—which skew(扭曲）the discussions. Informational signals cause people to keep information to themselves whenit disagrees with information from others, especially leaders. Social pressures cause people to keep information to themselves to avoid punishment from leaders who are denied.These influences lead to four problems, the authors write: Instead of correcting the errors of their members, groups actually expand those errors; cascade effects (联级效应）take over when the group follows whomever spoke first or loudest; groups become more extreme in their ideas, as the internal discussions strengthen their predisposed（预先有倾向的）thoughts; and groups focus on shared information instead of unshared information.Having laid out the core problems, the authors offer solutions. They begin with a list of methods aimed at handling the four core problems, such as:Leaders have to keep quiet and convince group members that they sincerely want to hear all ideas.Group success should be rewarded. Group members must understand that if the group is right, everyone benefits; this will encourage them to ensure that they find the right answer insteadof pushing their own ideas.Group members should be assigned specific roles, thus ensuring that everyone contributes. Either individuals or assigned teams should be tasked with acting as devil’s advocates(唱反调的人).Groups also fail, the author writes, because they don’t distinguish between the early roundsof discussions, in which all ideas must be allowed on the table, and the final rounds of discussions,in which groups must be tight and analytical as they seek the accurate solution. Successful groups will deliberately separate the two processes.In another approach, the authors demonstrate that the wisdom of crowds will often lead to the right answer if a majority of crowd members know their material. Decision-makers often prefer to rely on one single expert, but “chasing the expert” significantly reduces the probabilityof getting the decision right.Wiser is a quick, engaging and thoughtful read that convincingly argues that, with a few simple steps and open-minded leadership, group discussions can, indeed, lead to wiser decisions.63. The passage is mainly written to _____ .A.make an advertisement for a new bookB. introduce the main points of a new bookC. prove that two heads are better than oneD. show how to make groupthink more effective64. According to the passage, groups sometimes make bad decisions because some members _____ .A. are critical of othersB. are punished by the leaderC. disagree with the leaderD. do not share different ideas65. Which of the following can help improve the effectiveness of groupthink?A. An expert helps to make the final decision.B. Team success is advocated with positive measures.C. No one is allowed to put forward their disagreement.D. Leaders don’t express their own opinions in the process.66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Wiser may be welcomed by decision-makers.B. Wiser can change decision-makers’ attitude towards work.C. The more people in the group, the better decision will be made.D. The final rounds of discussions are the most important in decision-making.63. B 64. D 65. B 66. A2017年上海奉贤区高考一模阅读理解AThey say a cat has nine lives, and I think that possible since I am now living my third life and Pm not even a cat. My father died when T was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living. And my mother, who was seriously ill in her last years, died while still in her 60s. My sister married soon after, and I followed her example within the year.This was when I began to enjoy my first life. T was very happy, in excellent health. I had a good job in San Jose and a beautiful home up the peninsula in San Carlos. Life was a pleasant dream. Then the dream ended. I became afflicted（使苦恼）with a slowly progressive disease of the motornerves, affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side. Thus began my second life....In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car. And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps. Crazy? Not at all. Our home was an affair with 14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door. Those steps were a standard measure of life. They were my yardstick, my challenge to continue living. I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it ---repeating the process 14 times, I would be through---1 could then admit defeat and lie down and die.Then on a dark night in August, 1971, I began my third life. It was raining when I started home that night; strong winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled roads. Suddenly the steering wheel jerked（猝然一动） . In the same instant I heard thebang of a blowout. It was impossible for me to change that tire! Utterly impossible!I started the engine and thumped slowly along until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in and where I found lighted windows welcomed me to a house and pulled into the driveway and blared the horn.The door opened and a little girl stood there. When she knew what happened to me, she went into the house and a moment later came out, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting. I sat there comfortable and dry, and felt a bit sorry for the man and the little girl working so hard in the storm.About an hour later, the man's voice was heard, “This is a bad night for car trouble, but you're all set now. ” “Thanks，” I said. “How much do I owe you?” He shook his head, “Nothing. Cynthia told me you were a cripple. Glad to be of help. 1 know you'd do the same for me. There’s no charge, friend.” I held out a five-dollar b川，“No! I like to pay my way.” He made no effort to take it and the little girl stepped closer to the window and said quietly, “Grandpa can’t see it. ”56.'"A cat has nine lives'1 here means __ _____ .A. a cat can live nine times longer than any other animalB. a cat can die ninthC. a lucky man cannot die easilyD.the writer will live nine times57.What do you think of the man who helped change the tire? __________ .A.Warm-hearted but pitiableB.Warm-hearted and happyI PC. A blind old man that has nothing to do every dayD. A poor old man that is always ready to help others58. How will the story be ended? ___________A. The writer paid the little girl but the old man did not accept.B. The writer drove away with tears running down his cheek.C. The writer stayed there, without knowing what to do and how to do.D. In the next few frozen seconds the writer felt the shame and astonishment he had never felt before.59. The best title for this passage perhaps will be _________ .A. The Old Man and His DaughterB. Heart Leaping UpC. Never Lose HeartD. Good Will Be Rewarded Good56-59 CBDB B What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London. Typical structure of a one-week course > up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreignlanguage and specialist drama teachers 2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)FULL BOARD (全食宿）with local, English-speaking families When we run the courses EFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016. Why choose EFP courses> in addition to our standard English classes, wc also run drama and expression English classes,taught by specialist drama teachers> we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the course> we tailor courses to each group's needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a course EFP courses run for cither one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group. How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to ******************.uk . By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!60. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A. Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C.Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D.They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.61.Suppose you arc to take EFP courses this academic year, you can _________ .A.make a reservation from October 31 to December 20B.enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC.experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD.hand in an application by visiting their website62.The purpose of this writing is to __________ .A.attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB.offer group students access to BFP coursesC.demonstrate the popularity of EFP courses ’D.illustrate the importance of EFP courses.60-62 DABCHere amid the steel and concrete canyons, green grass grows. A hawthorn tree(山楂树)stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend in the wind.But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety—especially 20,000 square feet of gardens—on its roof.As one of a handful of similar projects around the country, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce its “urban heat islands”, said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment.Heat islands-dark surfaces in the city, like rooftops---soak up heat. The retention(滞留）can bake a building, making it hard to cool down.The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Street in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the street below.The garden will provide greenery and shade. "And that,,, t4said the city officials, will save the city dollars on those hot summer days.55 The project savings from cooling is about $4,000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof.The stretching open-air rooftop garden is being carefully built on amulti-tiered(多展的）bed of special soil, polystyrene（聚苯乙烯）,egg-carton-shaped cones and “waterproof membrane(薄膜)’’ mall to keep the roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, min and plant life.The design calls for soil depths of 4 inches to 18 inches. When the last plants and seedlings are buried and the last bit of soil is laid, the garden will have circular brick stepping-stones winding up to hills.“The primary focus of what we want.to do is to establish this laboratory on the top of City Hall to get people involved and understanding their impact on the environment ;and how the little things can make an impact on the quality of life,,9 Mr. Abolt said, adding that the plants also help to clear the air.Rooftop gardens, in places where concrete jungles have erased plants and trees, are not new, not even in Chicago. Arms of greenery hanging over terraces or growing from rooftops, common in Europe, are becoming more so in the United States as people become increasingly conscious about the environment.Richard M. Daley, who urged the environmental department to look into the project after noticing rooftop gardens in Hamburg, Germany a few years ago, has praised the garden as the first of its kind on a public building in the country.It will hold thousands of plants in more than 150 species-wild onion and butterfly weed, sky-blue aster and buffalo grass----to provide data on what( species adapt best. Small plants requiring shallow soil depths were chiefly selected.63.The rooftop garden project___________A.is common and popular in the countryB.is a demonstration project and costs the city government 1.5 million dollarsC.will make the ordinary cooling down of the city in summer unnecessaryaims at getting people involved and understanding their impact on the environment64.What can we learn about the City Hall?It was built ninety years ago and is the most outstanding feature in the center of the city.A.It is originally proper to build a garden on the top of the City Hall.B.The temperature on its top is a little bit lower than that on the street below.C.It is the first building in America to have a garden on it.65.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Every year, Chicago spends about $ 4,000 on cooling the city.B.The design of the garden on the C'ily Hall specially takes into consideration theweight the roof can stand.C.The Mayor urged the environmental department to look into rooftop gardens in Hamburgand build similar ones in America.D.Heat islands mainly refer to those dark-colored rooftops which receive and retain heatand will not easily release the heat.66.The word “substantially ”（Line 2, Para. 5) most likely means _________ .A. a little bitB. in factC. materiallyD. considerably63-66 DABD2017年虹口区高考一模阅读理解(A)You are checking your emails when you start daydreaming about where to go on your summer holiday. This reminds you to compare the cost of local gyms. Then you suddenly decide to look up some place for your birthday party.You may think you are browsing the Internet in a slightly absent-minded manner. You are, in fact, “wilfing”. According to a survey for a financial website, almost s even in ten Internet users admit to the newly named habit. The study of 2400 people carried out by YouGov found that more than a quarter of Internet users wilf ---- a rough acronym of What Was I Looking For? ---- for two days every month.Pete Cohen, GMTV’s resident life coach and motivator, said, “Stopping yourself wilfing takes a mixture of planning and willpower. These days there are all manners of website attracting our attention. Internet users need to set themselves a specific surfing goal and a time limit to keep on track.”Shopping in the online activity is most likely to make users wilf. Men are more likely to admit to being wilfers than women. A third of the men questioned said the habit had damaged their relationship with a partner. The good news is that wilfing is a habit people tend to grow out。

2017年上海高考各区一模题型汇总------- 阅读理解部分宝山区一模(A)It dawned on me recently that I am the only person in my family who doesn’t benefit from having a mother in the house.This was not only the case for me, but for a large number of fellow countrymen, including one friend who felt so bad one night that she got out of bed and cleaned her house in case the medical examiner had to come. (He didn’t.)“I want my mommy” indeed could be read throughout the cold, snowy descriptions of winter’s Facebook, where many middle-aged women are known to go for comfort.This translates as: “I want a constant supply of homemade soup without asking for it.”Also: “I want someone who can put her hand on my forehead and know within a degree what my temperature is.”More than anything, the desire for mommy translates into a longing for selfless constancy, for the all-knowing, all-knowing mother with a cold cloth in her hand, who never leaves the bedside except to go to the bathroom.The image of the mother nurse at the sick bed-think Go ne With the Wind’s Melanie in the Civil War hospitals-is one of a perfect, warmhearted wisdom soldiers’ holy person and medicine woman, a la Joan of Arc, Mother Teresa and Pocahontas rolled into one. She is a supernatural being who knows, without the help of Google, when her patient should go to the doctor and when she should stay in bed, which illness needs a warm bath and which needs a warm shower…Now, to be fair: let me say that my good friend made soup for me-twice-while I was ill. My goddaughter, a nurse practitioner, texted every day, several times a day, from several states away. My husband often came home from work in the middle of the day to check on me. One night, which so happened to be an outdoor celebration , when I was at my most miserable and convinced it was time for the emergency room, my family gathered around me on the bed with red beans and rice．There’s nothing quite like a mother in situations like these. Literature knows it. History knows it. Even current studies show that mothers are still 10 times more likely than their husbands to leave work to tend to sick children and five times more likely to take the sick child to the doctor, like a kid than a mother these days, continuously circling my sick bed, meowing for food while I suffer in a pile of cough drop wrappers.There is hope: I asked my primary care provider, who is a woman and a mother, at my office visit midway through my illness, if she would be my mommy.She threw her head back and laughed.56. What does the underlined wor d “She” refer to in Paragraph7?A. MelanieB. la Joan of ArcC. Mother TeresaD. Pocahontas57. We can conclude from the writer, Mother can possibly do the following Except________.A. Supplying homemade soup regularly without asking for it.B. Diagnosing whether her child runs a high fever with her hand.C. Offering her children a helping hand when necessary.D. Never leaving her husband’s bedside except going to the bathroom58. The writer mentions her friend, daughter and husband, which implies that________. .A. her daughter has much less experience than her husband in looking after patientsB. her husband comforted her much less than her daughter.C. though they looked after her well, they couldn’t replace the role of Mother.D. compared with literature, history and current studies, they have done better.59. As a whole, this passage suggests the writer________.A. misses her dead motherB. hopes to get comfort and care from her motherC. blames her mother for being outD. needs her mother’s help with housework56.A 57. D 58. B 59. B(B)60. It can be concluded from the passage that the consultants intend to help graduatesA. figure out a qualified consultantB. work out the mismatchC. start out on their career pathD. make out future employers61. The following statements made by consultants are true Except________.A. Make sure your approach for information is positive in tone.B. Some information you are given may not give a complete picture.C. You should demonstrate determination to improve your job prospects.D. Keep your initial objective in mind when you are planning to change jobs.62. Who suggests that graduates should stay happy in spite of defeats among the following consultants?A . Alice B. Paul C. Rebecca D. Smith60. C 61. D 62. B(C)From winning a complex war to developing a life-saving drug: there are so many things that can only be achieved if people work together in harmony. They can then achieve impressive performances that also benefit the individual. So, why do colleagues or others so often make things difficult for one another? Experimental research carried out by De Dreu has shown that greed and fear are the basic reasons determining problems with teamwork. “People are afraid that their contribution will mainly benefit those people who themselves contribute nothing. That’s why people hold back and invest in self-protection rather than cooperation.”De Dreu examined the strategies people use to maximize the benefits for themselves and to reduce the risk of being exploited. He conducts experiments where the participants can invest in self-protection or attacks on others, or they can choose to do nothing. When motivated by greed, people seem to invest mainly in self-protection and less in attacks on others. “Fear is almost always present as a brake on cooperation, but it’s more difficult to predic t when greed will crop up.” The puzzle is that fear among rival groups tends to result in people working better together. “It seems to happen almost automatically, often without it even being discussed.”As Professor of Employment and Organisation Psychology at the University of Amsterdam, De Dreu has conducted a lot of research on cooperation within organizations. In Leiden he intends to approach the subject at a higher level of abstraction. “We know a lot about what makes the best kind of leaders. Now I want to examine what our brain looks like when we are working together. I’m interested in that because cooperating with one another relies on very basic systems that we also use for other tasks, such as child-rearing.”He intends to use brain scans to look at which neurohormones (神经激素) play a role in cooperation, such as the “hug hormone (荷尔蒙)” oxytocin（催生素）. Is more oxytocin produced when people are working together successfully? And can you influence cooperation by administering an amount of this hormone? “This neurobiological approach has only really been used by psychologists in the past five years, and there are a lot of important research questions that have to be answered.”De Dreu draws attention to his multidisciplinary approach. He is. also interested in the effect of such “institutions” as religion and legislation because these have an obvious influence on our behavior. He will be working together with fellow scientists from other disciplines: sociologists, political scientists, legal specialists, religious experts and also biologists who will be examining the behavior of rats, for example.De Dreu doesn’t exclude the possibility that he will again be conducting some of his research in organizations. Until then he would welcome any managers would be willing to take part in his neurobiological research. “I would love it if a lot of managers were willing to have scans while making decisions about their companies. But then they’d have to come in their masses, and that’s not to easy to achieve.”63. W hat does the phrase “child-rearing” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. One of the basic systems that we work with one another.B. One of the tasks our human beings need to be finished.C. One of the questions that people have to be answered.D. One of the exa mples lies in people’s self-protection64. The experiments conducted by De Dreu imply the following statements Except________.A. Teamwork happens automatically if panic exists among rival groups.B. People will invest in self-protection when driven by greed.C. Some basic systems in our brain help us work with one another.D. More oxytocin is produced when people maximize the benefits for themselves.65. It can be inferred from the passage that De Dreu uses a wide variety of methods to research ________.A. what our brain looks likeB. why people don’t often cooperate in teamworkC. how religion and rules work well togetherD. how managers react in the scanner66. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Experiments on. Different peopleB. Research on brain scans and role of religionC. Greed and fear restrict cooperationD. Hormone influences our behavior63. A 64. D 65. B 66. C2017年崇明区高考一模试题汇总(A)A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds is bound to make an impression. But in Mary Fields’ case, these features were outmatched by a heart of gold that made her legendary(传奇的).Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, not even a date of birth. However, in her early years, she found something of truly lasting value—a friend named Dolly. In addition to friendship, Dolly also may have taught Mary to read and write, an invaluable advantage for slaves. At the end of America’s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom and made her own way out into the world.Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun （修女）in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary arrived in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus’ girls’ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a gun-carrying, cigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years, though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first black woman to settle in central Montana.When Mary was in her 50s, a sick Mother Amadeus called her West. So Mary made her way to the small town of Cascade, Montana, to nurse Amadeus to health. She did this and more, running supplies and visitors to St. Peter’s Mission where Amadeus lived. Once when her wagon(四轮马车) overturned, she guarded the delivery from wolves through the night.But Mary's rough edges caused the local bishop (主教) to prohibit her from working at the mission. Mother Amadeus then set her up as the first African-American female employee of the U.S. Postal Service. Though in her 60s, Mary was such a dependable mail carrier that she earned the name “tagecoach” Mary. She became a beloved figure in Cascade. She was the only woman allowed in the saloon (酒馆), was the baseball team’s biggest fan and wa s given free meals in the town hotel.Nearly 70, Mary quit delivering the mail but remained in Cascade. The town’s school closed to celebrate her unknown birthday twice a year. When she passed away in 1914, a simple cross was placed to mark her grave and her legend in the Wild West.56. What about Mary Fields impressed people most?A. Her tall and fat figure.B. Her reputation as an educated slave.C. Her friendliness and responsibility.D. Her habit of carrying a gun and smoking.57. Which of the following shows Mary’s life experience in the order of time?①Mary began to deliver mail in Cascade.②Mary worked in a school in Montana.③Mary was taught to read and write.④Mary took care of sick Amadeus.⑤Mary worked on a steamed boat.A.⑤①③②④B•⑤④②①③ C.②④⑤③① D.③⑤②④①58. Mary became a mail carrier because . ,A. people in Cascade loved herB. she once worked at St. Peter’s MissionC. Mother Amadeus recommended herD. the US Postal Service needed a femaleemployee59. In the last paragraph, t4her legend" most probably refers to _____ .A. her high social statusB. her unusual life as a pioneerC. her friendship with Amadeus.D. her role in the liberation of slaves56. 57. D58. C59. B(B)JENISON PUBLIC SCHOOLS__________________Part Time Enrollment(Home School Elective Courses)Grades 1-12Jenison International Academy is excited to offer online, nonessential courses to international students. Kindly view the online elective options, as well as the enrollment process, below. The application window for part time enrollments will close on Friday, December 30, 2016.Online Courses Offered Grades 1-12Elective OpportunitiesPlease click to view our Elective Course Offerings.Part Time Enrollment at JIAStudents participating in the program are allowed to enroll in up to 4 elective courses eachsemester, and have the option to take 100% of their courses online or create a schedule combination of online and on-campus courses at Jenison Public Schools, which may also include Tech Center, Co-op, and other qualified programs.Student Application ProcessSTEP 1: Online PreparationPlease review the following Interactive Online Readiness Criteria. Please keep this form for your own records. Online Readiness CriteriaSTEP 2: Submit Forms & DocumentationBy completing the Part Time Enrollment Application, applicants are fulfilling the Virtual Learning and District-Required Documentation.Printed ApplicationParents or guardians can download, print, and complete the JIA Enrollment paperwork & JPS District Application. Mail, scan or fax all completed paperwork using the contact information provided on the first page. Printed ApplicationAdditional Required Documentation can be found within the enrollment packet .An email will be sent to the parent or guardian email account when a completed application has been received. Upon review and approval, a welcome message and course selection email will be issued to the same address.60. The courses are designed for _____ .A. high-level students who are studying in Jenison Public SchoolsB.international students whose parents work in Jenison Public SchoolsC.foreign students who can’t study full time in Jenison International AcademyD.graduate students who want a part-time job in Jenison International Academy61. To get enrolled, one should ______ .A. prepare both online and offlineB. print the Online Readiness CriteriaC. contact JIA in person beforehandD. email the J1A Enrollment paperwork62. What can be learned from the webpage?A.The enrollment should be applied on December 30, 2016.B.The parent or guardian needs to have an email account.C.The students need to study at least 8 courses each year.D.The courses can only be learned online.60. C 61. A 62. B(C)Two heads are better than one, according to the old saying. So why are groups with lots of “heads” known for making bad decisions? Why does “groupthink” immediately mean ineffectiveness and mistakes?These questions are answered in a fascinating new book called Wiser: Getting Beyond Groupthink to Make Groups Smarter, written by Cass R. Sunstein, a former White House official, and Reid Hastie, an academic specialized in the psychology of decision making. Building on their combined experiences and research, Sunstein and Hastie analyze what goes wrong in group decision-making, and then offer clear-out solutions to overcome these problems.Group decision-making involves discussions among members of a group, each with their own skills, experience, ideas and information. Unfortunately, as the authors explain, there are two types of influence on group members—informational signals and social pressures—which skew(扭曲）the discussions. Informational signals cause people to keep information to themselves whenit disagrees with information from others, especially leaders. Social pressures cause people to keep information to themselves to avoid punishment from leaders who are denied.These influences lead to four problems, the authors write: Instead of correcting the errors of their members, groups actually expand those errors; cascade effects (联级效应）take over when the group follows whomever spoke first or loudest; groups become more extreme in their ideas, as the internal discussions strengthen their predisposed（预先有倾向的）thoughts; and groups focus on shared information instead of unshared information.Having laid out the core problems, the authors offer solutions. They begin with a list of methods aimed at handling the four core problems, such as:Leaders have to keep quiet and convince group members that they sincerely want to hear all ideas.Group success should be rewarded. Group members must understand that if the group is right, everyone benefits; this will encourage them to ensure that they find the right answer insteadof pushing their own ideas.Group members should be assigned specific roles, thus ensuring that everyone contributes. Either individuals or assigned teams should be tasked with acting as devil’s advocates(唱反调的人).Groups also fail, the author writes, because they don’t distinguish between the early roundsof discussions, in which all ideas must be allowed on the table, and the final rounds of discussions,in which groups must be tight and analytical as they seek the accurate solution. Successful groups will deliberately separate the two processes.In another approach, the authors demonstrate that the wisdom of crowds will often lead to the right answer if a majority of crowd members know their material. Decision-makers often prefer to rely on one single expert, but “chasing the expert” significantly reduces the probabilityof getting the decision right.Wiser is a quick, engaging and thoughtful read that convincingly argues that, with a few simple steps and open-minded leadership, group discussions can, indeed, lead to wiser decisions.63. The passage is mainly written to _____ .A.make an advertisement for a new bookB. introduce the main points of a new bookC. prove that two heads are better than oneD. show how to make groupthink more effective64. According to the passage, groups sometimes make bad decisions because some members _____ .A. are critical of othersB. are punished by the leaderC. disagree with the leaderD. do not share different ideas65. Which of the following can help improve the effectiveness of groupthink?A. An expert helps to make the final decision.B. Team success is advocated with positive measures.C. No one is allowed to put forward their disagreement.D. Leaders don’t express their own opinions in the process.66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Wiser may be welcomed by decision-makers.B. Wiser can change decision-makers’ attitude towards work.C. The more people in the group, the better decision will be made.D. The final rounds of discussions are the most important in decision-making.63. B 64. D 65. B 66. A2017年上海奉贤区高考一模阅读理解AThey say a cat has nine lives, and I think that possible since I am now living my third life and Pm not even a cat. My father died when T was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living. And my mother, who was seriously ill in her last years, died while still in her 60s. My sister married soon after, and I followed her example within the year.This was when I began to enjoy my first life. T was very happy, in excellent health. I had a good job in San Jose and a beautiful home up the peninsula in San Carlos. Life was a pleasant dream. Then the dream ended. I became afflicted（使苦恼）with a slowly progressive disease of the motornerves, affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side. Thus began my second life....In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car. And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps. Crazy? Not at all. Our home was an affair with 14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door. Those steps were a standard measure of life. They were my yardstick, my challenge to continue living. I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it ---repeating the process 14 times, I would be through---1 could then admit defeat and lie down and die.Then on a dark night in August, 1971, I began my third life. It was raining when I started home that night; strong winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled roads. Suddenly the steering wheel jerked（猝然一动） . In the same instant I heard thebang of a blowout. It was impossible for me to change that tire! Utterly impossible!I started the engine and thumped slowly along until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in and where I found lighted windows welcomed me to a house and pulled into the driveway and blared the horn.The door opened and a little girl stood there. When she knew what happened to me, she went into the house and a moment later came out, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting. I sat there comfortable and dry, and felt a bit sorry for the man and the little girl working so hard in the storm.About an hour later, the man's voice was heard, “This is a bad night for car trouble, but you're all set now. ” “Thanks，” I said. “How much do I owe you?” He shook his head, “Nothing. Cynthia told me you were a cripple. Glad to be of help. 1 know you'd do the same for me. There’s no charge, friend.” I held out a five-dollar b川，“No! I like to pay my way.” He made no effort to take it and the little girl stepped closer to the window and said quietly, “Grandpa can’t see it. ”56.'"A cat has nine lives'1 here means __ _____ .A. a cat can live nine times longer than any other animalB. a cat can die ninthC. a lucky man cannot die easilyD.the writer will live nine times57.What do you think of the man who helped change the tire? __________ .A.Warm-hearted but pitiableB.Warm-hearted and happyI PC. A blind old man that has nothing to do every dayD. A poor old man that is always ready to help others58. How will the story be ended? ___________A. The writer paid the little girl but the old man did not accept.B. The writer drove away with tears running down his cheek.C. The writer stayed there, without knowing what to do and how to do.D. In the next few frozen seconds the writer felt the shame and astonishment he had never felt before.59. The best title for this passage perhaps will be _________ .A. The Old Man and His DaughterB. Heart Leaping UpC. Never Lose HeartD. Good Will Be Rewarded Good56-59 CBDB B What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London. Typical structure of a one-week course > up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreignlanguage and specialist drama teachers 2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)FULL BOARD (全食宿）with local, English-speaking families When we run the courses EFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016. Why choose EFP courses> in addition to our standard English classes, wc also run drama and expression English classes,taught by specialist drama teachers> we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the course> we tailor courses to each group's needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a course EFP courses run for cither one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group. How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to ******************.uk . By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!60. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A. Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C.Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D.They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.61.Suppose you arc to take EFP courses this academic year, you can _________ .A.make a reservation from October 31 to December 20B.enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC.experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD.hand in an application by visiting their website62.The purpose of this writing is to __________ .A.attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB.offer group students access to BFP coursesC.demonstrate the popularity of EFP courses ’D.illustrate the importance of EFP courses.60-62 DABCHere amid the steel and concrete canyons, green grass grows. A hawthorn tree(山楂树)stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend in the wind.But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety—especially 20,000 square feet of gardens—on its roof.As one of a handful of similar projects around the country, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce its “urban heat islands”, said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment.Heat islands-dark surfaces in the city, like rooftops---soak up heat. The retention(滞留）can bake a building, making it hard to cool down.The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Street in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the street below.The garden will provide greenery and shade. "And that,,, t4said the city officials, will save the city dollars on those hot summer days.55 The project savings from cooling is about $4,000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof.The stretching open-air rooftop garden is being carefully built on amulti-tiered(多展的）bed of special soil, polystyrene（聚苯乙烯）,egg-carton-shaped cones and “waterproof membrane(薄膜)’’ mall to keep the roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, min and plant life.The design calls for soil depths of 4 inches to 18 inches. When the last plants and seedlings are buried and the last bit of soil is laid, the garden will have circular brick stepping-stones winding up to hills.“The primary focus of what we want.to do is to establish this laboratory on the top of City Hall to get people involved and understanding their impact on the environment ;and how the little things can make an impact on the quality of life,,9 Mr. Abolt said, adding that the plants also help to clear the air.Rooftop gardens, in places where concrete jungles have erased plants and trees, are not new, not even in Chicago. Arms of greenery hanging over terraces or growing from rooftops, common in Europe, are becoming more so in the United States as people become increasingly conscious about the environment.Richard M. Daley, who urged the environmental department to look into the project after noticing rooftop gardens in Hamburg, Germany a few years ago, has praised the garden as the first of its kind on a public building in the country.It will hold thousands of plants in more than 150 species-wild onion and butterfly weed, sky-blue aster and buffalo grass----to provide data on what( species adapt best. Small plants requiring shallow soil depths were chiefly selected.63.The rooftop garden project___________A.is common and popular in the countryB.is a demonstration project and costs the city government 1.5 million dollarsC.will make the ordinary cooling down of the city in summer unnecessaryaims at getting people involved and understanding their impact on the environment64.What can we learn about the City Hall?It was built ninety years ago and is the most outstanding feature in the center of the city.A.It is originally proper to build a garden on the top of the City Hall.B.The temperature on its top is a little bit lower than that on the street below.C.It is the first building in America to have a garden on it.65.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Every year, Chicago spends about $ 4,000 on cooling the city.B.The design of the garden on the C'ily Hall specially takes into consideration theweight the roof can stand.C.The Mayor urged the environmental department to look into rooftop gardens in Hamburgand build similar ones in America.D.Heat islands mainly refer to those dark-colored rooftops which receive and retain heatand will not easily release the heat.66.The word “substantially ”（Line 2, Para. 5) most likely means _________ .A. a little bitB. in factC. materiallyD. considerably63-66 DABD2017年虹口区高考一模阅读理解(A)You are checking your emails when you start daydreaming about where to go on your summer holiday. This reminds you to compare the cost of local gyms. Then you suddenly decide to look up some place for your birthday party.You may think you are browsing the Internet in a slightly absent-minded manner. You are, in fact, “wilfing”. According to a survey for a financial website, almost s even in ten Internet users admit to the newly named habit. The study of 2400 people carried out by YouGov found that more than a quarter of Internet users wilf ---- a rough acronym of What Was I Looking For? ---- for two days every month.Pete Cohen, GMTV’s resident life coach and motivator, said, “Stopping yourself wilfing takes a mixture of planning and willpower. These days there are all manners of website attracting our attention. Internet users need to set themselves a specific surfing goal and a time limit to keep on track.”Shopping in the online activity is most likely to make users wilf. Men are more likely to admit to being wilfers than women. A third of the men questioned said the habit had damaged their relationship with a partner. The good news is that wilfing is a habit people tend to grow out。