下载文档原格式
中考英语语法复习说课稿讲义第十二讲：定语从句一. 教材分析定语从句是中考英语语法中的重要内容，也是学生难以掌握的部分。
本讲主要围绕定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法进行讲解。
通过本讲的学习，学生能够理解定语从句的概念，掌握定语从句的分类和引导词，学会如何运用定语从句修饰名词或代词。
二. 学情分析定语从句是学生在初中阶段接触到的较复杂的语法知识，对于部分学生来说可能存在一定的难度。
学生在学习过程中可能会对定语从句的分类和引导词产生混淆，同时也容易在实际运用中出现错误。
因此，教师在教学过程中需要耐心引导，让学生逐步理解和掌握定语从句的用法。
三. 说教学目标1.知识目标：使学生理解定语从句的概念，掌握定语从句的分类和引导词，了解定语从句的用法。
2.能力目标：培养学生运用定语从句修饰名词或代词的能力，提高学生的英语表达能力。
3.情感目标：激发学生学习英语语法的兴趣，增强学生自信心，培养学生的合作精神。
四. 说教学重难点1.重点：定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法。
2.难点：定语从句在实际语境中的运用，特别是关系代词和关系副词的用法。
五. 说教学方法与手段1.采用情境教学法，通过设置各种真实的语境，让学生在实际语境中学习和运用定语从句。
2.运用多媒体教学手段，如PPT、视频等，直观地展示定语从句的用法，增强学生的学习兴趣。
3.分组讨论法，让学生在小组内讨论定语从句的用法，互相学习，共同进步。
4.任务型教学法，通过完成各种任务，让学生在实践中运用定语从句，提高学生的实际运用能力。
六. 说教学过程1.导入：通过一个谜语引发学生对定语从句的好奇心，激发学生的学习兴趣。
2.讲解：讲解定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法，结合实例进行分析。
3.练习：让学生进行定语从句的练习，及时纠正学生在练习中出现的错误。
4.情境创设：设置各种真实的语境，让学生在语境中运用定语从句。
5.分组讨论：让学生在小组内讨论定语从句的用法，互相学习，共同进步。
最新定语从句中名词加关系副词的用法重点难点分析与解决1. 引言定语从句是汉语和英语中常见的句子结构，用于修饰名词或代词。
而在最新的定语从句中，出现了名词加关系副词的用法，这就给研究者带来了一些难点和困惑。
本文将重点分析这一用法的难点，并提供解决方法。
2. 难点分析2.1 名词加关系副词介绍名词加关系副词是指在定语从句中，名词后面使用关系副词来引导从句，用以修饰前面的名词。
常见的关系副词有：why、where、when、how等。
2.2 难点一：理解关系副词的含义关系副词在定语从句中起到连接词的作用，但与关系代词不同的是，关系副词没有确定的指代对象，而是起到引导从句的作用。
因此，理解关系副词的含义是使用它们的一个难点。
2.3 难点二：掌握关系副词的用法在使用关系副词时，需要注意以下几点：- 引导定语从句时，关系副词后面直接跟动词；- 关系副词引导的定语从句可以出现在主句之前或之后；- 关系副词可以用来引导不同类型的定语从句，如原因、地点、时间、方式等。
3. 解决方法3.1 加强词汇积累和理解为了更好地理解关系副词的含义，可以加强对这些副词的词汇积累和理解。
可以通过查阅词典、阅读相关文章或语法书籍来提高对关系副词的理解。
3.2 多练句子的写作和转换通过大量练句子的写作和转换，可以加深理解关系副词的用法。
可以选择一些经典句子，例如"Why are you late?"，尝试将其转换为定语从句的结构，比如："I want to know the reason why you are late."。
通过这样的练，可以提高对关系副词的熟练度。
3.3 参考相关语法材料和例句除了词汇积累和练句子，还可以参考相关的语法材料和例句来帮助理解和掌握关系副词的用法。
可以查找相关的语法书籍、在线教程或语言研究网站，以获取更多的资料和例句。
4. 结论通过对最新定语从句中名词加关系副词的用法进行分析和解决方法的提供，可以帮助研究者更好地掌握这一语法点。
定语从句解题三部曲石家庄实验中学李霞定语从句解题的难点和重点是关系词的选用，总结为三字：一“找”二“还”三“替”1.找：就是找出先行词即被修饰的名词和代词2.代：把先行词代入定语从句，还原成一个完整的句子（可以添加介词）3.替：用关系词替代先行词一、类型总结1）先行词在定语从句中做主语、宾语、表语、定语用关系代词指人时可以用who（主语）, whom（宾语）也可用that（主语、宾语、表语）。
指物时可以用which（主语、宾语、表语）, 也可用that。
Eg. A true friend is the person ________can share all our sadness and double all ourhappiness.第一步：找到先行词the person第二步：把先行词代入后还原成完整的一句话为：The person can share all our sadness and double all our happiness.第三步：用who代替2）如果定语从句的类型是介词+关系代词或代词，数词，名词+of +关系代词，关系代词用which(指物) /whom （指人）Eg. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _________are healthy.第一步：找到先行词people第二步：还原后：Most of the people are healthy.第三步：根据定语从句的类型判断，先行词是人则用whom3）代入先行词时加’s,则用whose （做定语）The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.第一步：找到先行词the writer第二步：还原后：The writer’s story shows the most imagination.第三步：用whose代替the writer’s4）添加了介词后,介宾结构做状语用介词+关系代词(which/whom) ，如果先行词是时间、地点、原因则可换成关系副词when ,where, why。
最新定语从句中介词加关系副词的用法重点难点解析一、介词在定语从句中的用法1. 引导定语从句的介词可放在句首，也可放在句末在定语从句中，引导定语从句的介词可以放在句首或句末。
例如：- This is the house in which I grew up.- The room, in which he always studied, was very small.2. 关系代词和介词的搭配规则在定语从句中，关系代词和介词之间的搭配关系有以下几种情况：- 先行词前可以有介词时，用which/whom/that等关系代词来引导定语从句。
例如：- The book on which he stepped is mine.- The girl with whom he is talking is his sister.- 先行词前不能有介词时，用whose/that/whom/which等关系代词来引导定语从句。
例如：- The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police.- The person that I met yesterday is a famous actor.3. 只能用关系副词引导的定语从句有一些情况下，只能用关系副词引导定语从句。
例如：- The reason why he refused the offer is still unknown.- That is the place where we first met.二、定语从句中介词加关系副词的难点解析1. 关系副词和介词的搭配在定语从句中，关系副词和介词的搭配需要注意以下几点：- 先行词前可以有介词时，用介词+which/whom等关系代词来引导定语从句。
例如：- That is the book on which I'm working.- 先行词前不能有介词时，用关系副词+which/that等关系代词来引导定语从句。
高中英语语法重点难点回顾――定语从句用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which that主语Whom which that宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)例1：This is the detective who came from London.例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2．关系代词的用法(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。
例如：All the people that are present burst into tears.(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。
例如：(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
例如：There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated.(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。
英语的定语从句总结英语的定语从句总结所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。
下面是小编分享给大家的英语的定语从句总结，希望对大家有帮助。
英语的定语从句总结1一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。
Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。
(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
2、由which, that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在从句中作主语)(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
(which / that在从句中作宾语)注意：代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略;c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;d)先行词中既有人又有物时;e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时;f)当先行词为物并作表语时;g)先行词为one时;h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;二、关系副词引导的定语从句1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I still remember the day when I first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason 后面。
最新定语从句中介词加关系副词的用法重点难点剖析一、介词在定语从句中的使用在定语从句中，介词非常常见，它的作用是连接关系代词或关系副词与定语从句中的其他部分，起到限定、修饰的作用。
下面是一些介词在定语从句中的常见用法：1. 介词+关系代词/关系副词+动词: 在定语从句中，常见的介词有with、from、about、in、on等，它们常与关系代词who/whom/which/that以及关系副词where/when/why连用。
例如：“The book that I am reading is about the World War II.”（我正在阅读的这本书是关于二战的。
）介词+关系代词/关系副词+动词: 在定语从句中，常见的介词有with、from、about、in、on等，它们常与关系代词who/whom/which/that以及关系副词where/when/why连用。
例如：“The book that I am reading is about the World War II.”（我正在阅读的这本书是关于二战的。
）二、关系副词在定语从句中的应用关系副词常用于定语从句中，用来引导关系副词从句。
下面是关系副词在定语从句中常见的用法：1. 关系副词when: 当先行词表示时间的概念时，可以用关系副词when引导定语从句。
例如：“Yesterday was the day when the concert took place.”（昨天是音乐会举办的那一天。
）关系副词when: 当先行词表示时间的概念时，可以用关系副词when引导定语从句。
例如：“Yesterday was the day when the concert took place.”（昨天是音乐会举办的那一天。
）2. 关系副词where: 当先行词表示地点的概念时，可以用关系副词where引导定语从句。
例如：“This is the school where I studied when I was a child.”（这是我小时候上过的学校。
!"#$%Attributive ClauseI. !"#$%&⼀、定义在复合句中，⽤以修饰名词或代词（充当定语）的从句，被称为定语从句。
例如：(1)English is a useful language.（其中形容词useful作定语修饰名词language）English is a language which helps people to communicate effectively with others.（其中“which … others”为定语从句，修饰language）(2)He told me something important.（其中形容词important作定语修饰不定代词something）He told me something that I would never forget.（其中“that … forget”为定语从句修饰不定代词something）在定语从句中，被修饰的名词或代词被称为先⾏词；引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。
重点1.如果没有先⾏词（即被修饰的名词或代词），定语从句也就不存在了。
2.定语从句的关系词都必须在从句中充当⼀定的成分。
⼆、分类定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和⾮限定性定语从句。
1. 限定性定语从句：与主句关系紧密，往往直接跟在先⾏词之后，起到限定的作⽤；2. ⾮限定性定语从句：以逗号“，”隔开主句，主从句的关系相对松散，从句往往只是对先⾏词的补充说明，对主句的意思影响不⼤。
**⼀些⾮限定性定语从句的关系词可以指代主句整句句⼦。
例如：(1) The watch I bought in Switzerland works quite well. 我在瑞⼠买的那块表⾛得不错。
(2) He gave me a vase, which strikes my fancy. 他送了我⼀只花瓶，我很中意。
(3) My father’s old watch gains a bit, as is often the case. 我爸的表快了点，这是常有的事。
初中英语定语从句用法归纳定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句;它由关系代词或关系副词引导1;初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句,但对初中生来说,定语从句既是一个重点,也是一个难点;一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同;在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句;英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后,而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前;如：The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.先行词定语从句昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师;二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂,有先行词、关系代词或关系副词;被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词;限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系2;关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分;关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在句中作状语;如：I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. 主语先行词关系代词我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩;The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.宾语先行词关系代词我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵;The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. 定语先行词关系代词那个是他的母亲,名叫琳达·布朗;That is the house where my father used to live.状语先行词关系副词那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子;三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法;1. who指人也可用that,在定语从句中作主语,也可作宾语;如：Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. 主语昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人;Mr Wang is the man who / that / whom you met in the zoo this morning.宾语王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人;注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时,可用whom代替；作宾语时,关系代词可省略;作其它成分,关系代词则不能省略;2. whose指人,也可指物;在定语从句中作定语;The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today.其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她;I have a story book whose cover is red.我有一本封面是红色的故事书;3. which指物也可用that,在定语从句中作主语,也可作宾语;如：Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. 主语足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动;I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. 宾语我不相信汤姆赢得这场比赛的消息;四、关系代词whom, which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放在先行词与定语从句之间;如：That is the place in which I lived for five years.=That is the place which / that I lived in for five years.那就是我住过五年的地方;Mr Zhang is the man for whom I am looking.=Mr Zhang is the man who / whom / that I am looking for.张先生就是我正在找的那个人;五、具体使用关系代词或关系副词需要注意的问题;1. 先行词是地点时,如果该先行词做了定语从句的主语或宾语时,关系代词用that或which. 如：The school that / which I used to study in is becoming better and better.the school 作了介词in的宾语;我过去曾经学习的那所学校变得越来越好了;先行词是地点时,如果该先行词不作定语从句的主语或宾语时,关系代词用where. 如：The place where the accident happened isn’t far from our school.事故发生的那个地方离我们学校不远;定语从句中的动词happened是不及物动词,它不跟宾语,而the accident又作了定语从句的主语,因此该定语从句既不需要主语,也不需要宾语;2.只用that,不用which的情况;1前有序数词修饰时;如：This is the tenth gift that I received for my birthday.这是我收到的第十个生日礼物;2前有形容词最高级修饰时;如：That is the most exciting game that I have ever watched.那是我曾经看过最令人兴奋的比赛;3先行词是all, little, few, something, anything, everything等不定代词时;如：All that he told me is true. 他告诉我的一切是真实的;4先行词被the only修饰时;如：The only thing that I can get is a pen. 我唯一能得到的东西就是一支钢笔;5先行词既指人,又指物时;如：We talked about the people and the things that we were interested in.我们谈论了我们感兴趣的人和事;3. 只用which,不用that的情况;1定语从句是物时,定语从句由“介词+关系代词which”引导;如：The thing about which the teacher is talking is very important.老师正在谈论的那件事非常重要;2先行词本身是that, those时,如：What’s that which is flying in the sky 在天空中飞的那是什么总之,我们作为初中英语教师要把初中英语中的定语从句讲解清楚,帮助学生理解课文和阅读理解中的定语从句,帮助学生用定语从句进行正确的书面表达,为以后更进一步的学习定语从句打下坚实的基础;。
定语从句重点难点解析I.主语和谓语一致1、关系代词在定语从句中主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。
例如：The boy who is standing at the door is my son.2、在“one of the + 复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：This is one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject.3、在“ the only one of the + 复数名词+定语从句”结构中，one 是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用单数。
例如：This is the only one of the best books that has ever been written on the subject.I I .关系代词的省略在限制性定语从句中，关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略；作宾语时在口语中可以省略。
在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略。
例如：A plane is a machine that can fly.The finger （that ）I put into my mouth was not the one （that）I had dipped into the cup.Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was shot on April 14,1865.His mother, whom he loved dearly, died in 1818.III.正确使用that 和which1、that 指物，有时也可以指人,which 指物，不能指人。
Which 可以引导非限制性定语从句，也可以放在介词后面，that 则不能。
定语从句重点难点归纳思考:名从和定从的引导词一样吗？1. 引导定语从句的关系代词没有what, whatever, however对吗？2. That 在名词性从句和定语从句中的不同？3. 定语从句和同位语从句的不同？4. 定从的难点在那里？定语从句关系词关系代词：指人：who, whom,指人和物：that, whose指物：which, as关系副词：when, where, how, why§如果表示地点，时间，原因，方式的先行词做后面从句的宾语或主语时，引导词用that / which. 请指出关系代词/副词在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( )2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( )4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( )5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( )6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( )7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( )8. We shall never the days when we lived together. ( )考点1：that 与which1) Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand?2) The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice.3) Who is the man _____ is standing there?4) Her bag, in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.5) She heard a terrible noise，______ brought her heart into her mouth.考点2：the way用做先行词，填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple.3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which一：that的用法以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。
1. 先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。
(something 除外）e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen.**先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some修饰时也用that.2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。
e.g. This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read.3. 先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，用that。
e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now.4. 先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。
e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.5. 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。
e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly.二：which的用法Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。
e.g. 1. She heard a terrible noise, ____ brought her heart into her mouth.2. The weather turned out to be good, ___ was more than we could expect.三：介词+关系代词“of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。
e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person she could turn for help.2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m sure.3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+ of + 关系代词”的结构，如：e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.5. Whose从句可转换为“of +关系代词”型，如：e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. =They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.难点一：介词+关系代词的情况Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better .考点3：介词+关系词1. Do you know the boy __ _____ your mother is talking?2. He gave me some novels _____ ______ Iam not very familiar.3. I still remember the day ___ _____ I first got to Paris.4.This is the child _______ I will take care of.5. I was given three books on cooking, the first ______I really enjoyed.A. of thatB. of whichC. thatD. which练习: 介词+关系代词的使用1. Do you like the book ___________she spent $10?2. Do you like the book ___________she paid $10?3. Do you like the book ___________ she learned a lot?4. Do you like the book ______________ she often talks?5. He built a telescope ______________ he could study the skies.6. There is a tall tree outside, _____________ stands our teacher.7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest ___________is the Yellow River.8. The tower _____________ people can have a good view is on the hill.9. The man ____________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at writing.10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most __________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions:1. The sun gives us heat and light, ______ which we can’t live.2. The student _______ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.3. I’ll never forget the day _____ which she said good-bye to me.4. Who can give me the reason ______ which he hasn’t turned up yet?四:关系副词的运用在限定性和非限定性从句中，when的先行词是时间名词，where的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语从句中做状语。
e.g.1. After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town ______ he grew up as a child.2. It was an exciting moment for these people this year, ______ for the first time their team won the World Cup.1. I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。
