计算机系统一些专业名词的中文英文对照
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计算机常用词汇英汉对照电脑,又称计算机,是机械的一种,现在使用的越来越多。
接下来小编为大家整理了计算机常用词汇英汉对照,希望对你有帮助哦!计算机常用词汇英汉对照一:PC(Personal Computer,个人计算机)IBM(International Business Machine,美国国际商用机器公司简称,最早的个人计算机品牌)Intel(美国英特尔公司,以生产CPU芯片著称)Pentium(Intel公司,X86 CPU芯片,中文译名为"奔腾")IT(Information Technology,信息产业)E-Commerce Eelectronic Business(电子商务)B2C(Business T o Customer,商家对顾客, 电子商务的一种模式,还有B2C、C2C模式)Y2K(2k year,两千年问题,千年虫)IC(Integrate Circuit,集成电路)VLSI(Very Large Scale Integration,超大规模集成电路)DIY(Do It Yourself,自己装配计算机)Bit(比特,一个二进制位,通信常用的单位)Byte(字节,由八个二进制位组成,是计算机中表示存储空间的最基本容量单位)K(千,存储空间的容量单位, kilobyte,1K=1024字节)M(兆,megabyte,1M=1024K)G(吉,gigabyte,1G=1024M)T(太,1T=1024G)Binary(二进制,计算机中用的记数制,有0、1两个数字)ASCII(American Standard Code for Information Interchange,美国信息交换标准代码,成为了一个为世界计算机使用的通用标准)CAI(Computer-Assisted Instruction,计算机辅助教学)CAD(Computer-Aided Design,计算机辅助设计)CAM(Computer-Aided Manufacturing,计算机辅助制造)AI(Artificial Intelligence,人工智能)Program(程序,由控制计算机运行的指令组成)Driver(驱动程序或驱动器)Compatibility(兼容,指电脑的通用性)PnP(Plug and Play,即插既用,指计算机器件一装上就可以用) Hardware(硬件,构成计算机的器件)Software(软件,计算机上运行的程序)Courseware(课件,用于教学的软件)CPU(Central Processing Unit,中央处理器,计算机的心脏)Memory(存储器,内存)ROM(Read only Memory,只读存储器,只能读不能写)RAM(Random Access Memory,随机存取存储器,内存属于这种存储器)Bus(总线 BR>ISA(Industry Standard Architecture,工业标准结构总线)VESA(Video Electronic Standard Association,视频电子标准协会的标准总线)PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect,外部互联总线标准) USB(Universal Serial Bus,Intel,公司开发的通用串行总线架构) SCSI(Small Computer System Interface,小型计算机系统接口) 计算机常用词汇英汉对照二:AGP(Accelerate Graphics Processor,加速图形接口)Mouse(鼠标,俗称"鼠")Keyboard(键盘)CRT(Cathode Ray Tube,阴极射线管,常指显示屏)LCD(Liquid Crystal Display,液晶显示屏)VGA(Video Graphics Array,视频图形阵列,一种显示卡)Resolution(分辨率)Printer(打印机)Scanner(扫描仪)Floppy Disk(软盘)Fixed Disk, Hard Disk(硬盘)CD(Compact Disk,光盘)Adapter(适配器(卡),俗称"卡",如声卡、显示卡)UPS(Uninterruptible Power System,不间断电源)LPT(Line Printer,打印口,并行口)DPI(Dots Per Inch,每英寸点数,指打印机的分辨率)CPS(Characters Per Second,每秒字符数)PPM(Pages Per Minute,每分钟打印页数)OS(Operating System,计算机操作系统,计算机中必不可少的软件)DOS(Disk Operating System,磁盘操作系统)Windows NT(一种操作系统,NT New technology,新技术)Linux(一种可免费使用的UNIX操作系统,运行于一般的PC机上,由Linux开发而得此名)BASIC(Beginner''s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code,初学者通用符号指令代码,一种计算机语言,适合于初学者,不要把BASIC当作Basic)Visual BASIC(可视化BASIC语言)Database(数据库)ESC(Escape,退出键)Tab(Table,制表键)Shift(上档键,用于输入双字符键上面部分的字符和在大(小)写字符状态输入小(大)写字符)Ctrl(Control,控制键)Alt(Alter,转换键)Insert,Delete(插入、删除)Home,End(编辑文书时用于回到文书开头、结尾的键)Page Up,Page Down(向前、后翻页键)Num lock(数字锁定键)Scroll lock(屏幕滚动锁定键)Enter(确认键、也有回车换行的作用)Click(点击鼠标)Cut(剪切,指将文本或图形剪切到内存)Copy(复制、拷贝)Paste(粘贴,将剪切、复制到内存的内容粘贴出来)Debug(程序排错,bug意为小虫子,比喻隐藏在程序中的小错误) Virus(计算机病毒,计算机中自我复制传播的程序)Backup(备份)计算机英语高级词汇·网络多媒体篇Multimedia(多媒体,指计算机能综合处理声音、图像、影像、动画、文字等多种媒体)CD(Compact Disk,光盘,分为只读光盘和可刻录光盘)CDR(Compact Disk Recordable,可刻录光盘)VCD(Video CD,视频CD)Audio(音频)Video(视频)MPEG(Moving picture expert Group,运动图像专家组,一种压缩比率较大的活动图像和声音的压缩标准)BMP(Bitmap,位图,一种图像格式)Image(图像)Pixel(像素,图像的一个点)WAV(Wave,声波,一种声音格式)MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital Interface,乐器数字接口,声卡上有这种接口,用于与乐器相连)Modem(调制解调器,也称"猫",用于把电话音频信号变成数字信号)Net(Network,网络)WAN(Wide area network,广域网,指地理上跨越较大范围的跨地区网)LAN(Local area network,局域网,地理上局限在小范围,属于一个单位组建的网)Internet(互联网、因特网、网际网)Server(服务器,网络的核心,信息的集中地)Client(客户,指使用计算机的用户)C/S(Client/Server,客户机/服务器)B/S(Browser/Server,浏览器/服务器,指客户通过浏览器。
<计算机专业术语大全中~英文版>include <iostream.h>class Myclas{private:int m-number;publicvoid setNumberint number{m-number = number;}int getNumber{return m-number}};void showMe{cout<<"我是一个类"<<endl;}};void main{Myclass mc;//mc.m_number=10;mc.setNumber10;cout<<mc.showMe<<endl;}AGPAccelerated Graphics Port -图形加速接口Access Time-存取时间Address-地址ANSI American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准协会ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange Async SRAM-异步静态内存BSB Backside BusBandwidth-带宽Bank -内存库Bank Schema -存储体规划Base Rambus -初级的Rambus内存Baud -波特BGA Ball Grid Array-球状引脚栅格阵列封装技术Binary -二进制BIOS Basic Input-Output System -基本输入/输出系统Bit-位、比特BLP-底部引出塑封技术Buffer-缓冲区Buffered Memory-带缓冲的内存BEDO Burst EDO RAM -突发模式EDO随机存储器Burst Mode-突发模式Bus-总线Bus Cycle-总线周期Byte-字节Cacheability-高速缓存能力Cache Memory-高速缓存存储器CAS Column Address Strobe-列地址选通脉冲CLCAS Latency -列地址选通脉冲时间延迟CDRAM Cache DRAM-快取动态随机存储器Checksum-检验和;校验和Chipset-芯片组Chip-Scale Package CSP-芯片级封装Compact Flash-紧凑式闪存Concurrent Rambus-并发式总线式内存Continuity RIMM C-RIMM-连续性总线式内存模组CMOSComplementary Metal-Oxide-Semicomductor-互补金属氧化物半导体用于晶体管CPU Central Processing Unit-中央处理单元Credit Card Memory -信用卡内存DDRDouble Data Rate SDRAM-双数据输出同步动态存储器..Desktop--台式机;桌上型电脑Die--模子;芯片颗粒DIME Direct Memory ExecutionDIMMDual-In line Memory Module-双边接触内存模组Direct Rambus-直接总线式随机存储器DIP Dual In-line Package-双列直插式封装;双入线封装Direct RDRAM-直接总线式动态随机存储器DMA Direct Memory Access-直接内存存取DRAM Dynamic Random-Access Memory-动态随机存储器Dual Independent Bus DI-双重独立总线ECCError Correcting Code-错误更正码;纠错码FPM DRAM Fast Page Mode DRAM:快速翻页动态存储器..EDO DRAMExtended Data Out DRAM:扩展数据输出动态存储器.SDRAMSynchronous DRAM:同步动态存储器..RDRAMRambus DRAM:总线式动态随机存储器..DDR:Double Data Rate SDRAM:双数据输出同步动态存储器..parity:奇偶校验..ECC:Error Correcting Code 错误更正码..SimmSingle-In line Memory Module即单边接触内存模组..SPDSerial Presence Detect:refresh:刷新率Flash Memory:闪烁存储器..SRAM:Static DRAM 静态内存..PCMCIA:Personal Computer Memory Card International Association 标准的卡式扩充接口JEDEC:Joint Electron Device Engineering Council 电子元件工业联合会RAM:Random Access Memory;随机存储器;即人们常说的“内存”..ROM:Read-Only Memory;只读存储器..EDO:Extended Data Output;扩充数据输出SDRAM:Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory;同步动态随机存储器Cache:英文含义为“勘探人员等贮藏粮食、器材等的地窖CMOS:是Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor互补金属氧化物半导体PCI:Peripheral Component Interconnection;局部总线Seagate:美国希捷硬盘生产商Quantum:英文含意为“定量;总量”..美国昆腾硬盘生产商Quantum Corporation..Maxtor:“水晶”;美国Maxtor硬盘公司..LD:Laser Disk;镭射光盘;又称激光视盘..CD:Compact Disc;压缩光盘;又称激光唱盘..CD-ROM:Compact Disc-Read Only Memory;压缩光盘-只读记忆存储;又叫“只读光VCD:Video Compact Disc;视频压缩光盘;即人们通常所说的“小影碟”..DVD: Digital Versatile Disc的英文缩写TFT:有源矩阵彩色显示器;简称TFT显示器;专用于笔记本电脑Databuffer数据缓冲器Datacompression数据压缩DCE:"Datacommunicationequipment数据通信设备DTE:"Dataterminalequipment数据终端设备Errorcorrection差错控制Filetransferprotocol文件转换协议Flowcontrol数据流控制activate激活Active client活动客户Active document活动文档Active Group;TheActive platform活动平台Active server活动服务器 Active Server Page ASPapartment model multi-threading套间模式多线程apartment threaded套间线程化Application Programming Interface API——应用程序编程接口Applet小应用程序asynchronous call异步调用Asynchronous Transfer ModeATM——异步传输模式bandwidth带宽bind捆绑bytecode字节代码cache高速缓存call调用Certificate Authority认证class identifier类标识符class library类库class object类对象Component Object ModelCOM——组件对象模型Common Gateway InterfaceCGI——通用网关接口communications protocol通信协议compound document复合文档Computer Aided Software EngineeringCASE——计算机辅助软件工程container application包容器应用程序context object上下文对象control控件cursor engine光标引擎Data Access ObjectDAO——数据访问对象data dictionary数据词典dataspace数据空地deadlocks死锁debugger调试器default catalog默认目录册design-time ActiveX control设计时ActiveX控件Distributed Computing EnvironmentDCE——分布式计算环境Distributed Component Object ModelDCOM——分布式组件对象模型distributed processing分布式处理domain name域名Domain Name ServiceDNS——域名服务e-commerce 电子商务event事件event handlers事件处理函数FAQ Frequently Asked Questions经常被询问的问题File Transfer ProtocolFTP——文件传输协议firewall防火墙function函数globally unique identifierGUID——全局唯一标识符graphical user interfaceGUI——图形用户界面Graphics Interchange FormatGIF——图形交换格式impersonate模仿in-process进程内Indexed Sequential Access MethodISAM——索引顺序访问方法inheritance继承instance实例instantiate实例化Integrated Services Digital NetworkISDN——综合业务数字网interface接口International Standards OrganizationISO——国际标准组织Internet Database ConnectorIDC——Internet数据库连接器Internet Engineering Task ForceIETFInternet ProtocolIP——Internet协议Internet Server Application Program InterfaceISAPI——Internet 服务器应用程序接口intranet企业内部互联网Java Database ConnectivityJDBC——Java数据库连通性Joint Photographic Experts GroupJPEG——联合图像专家组Just-in-timeJIT object activation及时对象激活latency等待时间Lightweight Directory Access ProtocolLDAP——轻目录访问协议Local Area NetworkLAN——局域网Mail Messaging Applications Programming Interface邮件消息发送应用程序编程接口marshal调度master index主索引message queuing消息队列method方法Microsoft Transaction ServerMTS——Microsoft事务处理服务器Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions多用途Internet邮件扩充协议moniker别名multi-tasking多任务multi-threading多线程multi-tier architecture多级体系Network News Transfer ProtocolNNTP——网络新闻传输协议node节点Object Linking and EmbeddingOLE——对象链接和嵌入Object Management GroupOMG——对象管理组织Object Request BrokerORB——对象请求代理器●我喜欢「式」:constructor 建构式declaration 宣告式definition 定义式destructor 解构式expression 算式运算式function 函式pattern 范式、模式、样式program 程式signature 标记式●我喜欢「件」:这是个弹性非常大的可组合字assembly 装配件component 组件construct 构件control 控件event 事件hardware 硬件object 物件part 零件、部件singleton 单件software 软件work 工件、机件●我喜欢「器」:adapter 配接器allocator 配置器compiler 编译器container 容器iterator 迭代器linker 联连结器listener 监听器●我喜欢「别」:class 类别type 型别●我喜欢「化」:generalized 泛化specialized 特化overloaded 多载化重载●我喜欢「型」:polymorphism 多型genericity 泛型●我喜欢「程」:process 行程or 进程;大陆用语thread 线程大陆用语programming 编程●英中繁简编程术语对照英文繁体译词有些是侯捷个人喜好;普及与否难说大陆惯用术语---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------define 定义预定义abstract 抽象的抽象的abstraction 抽象体、抽象物、抽象性抽象体、抽象物、抽象性access 存取、取用存取、访问access level 存取级别访问级别access function 存取函式访问函数activate 活化激活active 作用中的adapter 配接器适配器address 位址地址address space 位址空间;定址空间address-of operator 取址运算子取地址操作符aggregation 聚合algorithm 演算法算法allocate 配置分配allocator 空间配置器分配器application 应用程式应用、应用程序application framework 应用程式框架、应用框架应用程序框架architecture 架构、系统架构体系结构argument 引数传给函式的值..叁见 parameter 叁数、实质叁数、实叁、自变量array 阵列数组arrow operator arrow箭头运算子箭头操作符assembly 装配件assembly language 组合语言汇编语言assertion 断言assign 指派、指定、设值、赋值赋值assignment 指派、指定赋值、分配assignment operator 指派赋值运算子 = 赋值操作符associated 相应的、相关的相关的、关联、相应的associative container 关联式容器对应 sequential container 关联式容器atomic 不可分割的原子的attribute 属性属性、特性audio 音讯音频A.I. 人工智慧人工智能background 背景背景用於图形着色後台用於行程backward compatible 回溯相容向下兼容bandwidth 频宽带宽base class 基础类别基类base type 基础型别等同於 base classbatch 批次意思是整批作业批处理benefit 利益收益best viable function 最佳可行函式最佳可行函式从 viable functions 中挑出的最佳吻合者binary search 二分搜寻法二分查找binary tree 二元树二叉树binary function 二元函式双叁函数binary operator 二元运算子二元操作符binding 系结绑定bit 位元位bit field 位元栏位域bitmap 位元图位图bitwise 以 bit 为单元逐一┅bitwise copy 以 bit 为单元进行复制;位元逐一复制位拷贝block 区块;区段块、区块、语句块boolean 布林值真假值;true 或 false 布尔值border 边框、框线边框bracecurly brace 大括弧、大括号花括弧、花括号bracketsquare brakcet 中括弧、中括号方括弧、方括号breakpoint 中断点断点build 建造、构筑、建置MS 用语build-in 内建内置bus 汇流排总线business 商务;业务业务buttons 按钮按钮byte 位元组由 8 bits 组成字节cache 快取高速缓存call 呼叫、叫用调用callback 回呼回调call operator call函式呼叫运算子调用操作符同 function call operatorcandidate function 候选函式候选函数在函式多载决议程序中出现的候选函式chain 串链例 chain of function calls 链character 字元字符check box 核取方块 i.e. check button 复选框checked exception 可控式异常Javacheck button 方钮 i.e. check box 复选按钮child class 子类别或称为derived class; subtype 子类class 类别类class body 类别本体类体class declaration 类别宣告、类别宣告式类声明class definition 类别定义、类别定义式类定义class derivation list 类别衍化列类继承列表class head 类别表头类头class hierarchy 类别继承体系; 类别阶层类层次体系class library 类别程式库、类别库类库class template 类别模板、类别范本类模板class template partial specializations类别模板偏特化类模板部分特化class template specializations类别模板特化类模板特化cleanup 清理、善後清理、清除client 客端、客户端、客户客户client-server 主从架构客户/服务器clipboard 剪贴簿剪贴板clone 复制克隆易与 copy 混淆"克隆" 是个可接受的译词;反正有 "拷贝" 为前例如果做为动词译为 "克隆"做为名词时最好译为 "克隆件"相映於 copy 之 "复件"collection 群集集合combo box 复合方块、复合框组合框command line 命令列命令行系统文字模式下的整行执行命令communication 通讯通讯compatible 相容兼容compile time 编译期编译期、编译时compiler 编译器编译器component 组件组件composition 复合、合成、组合组合computer 电脑、计算机计算机、电脑concept 概念概念concrete 具象的实在的concurrent 并行并发configuration 组态配置connection 连接;连线网络;资料库连接constraint 约束条件construct 构件构件container 容器容器存放资料的某种结构如 list; vector...containment 内含包容context 背景关系、周遭环境、上下脉络环境、上下文control 控制元件、控件控件console 主控台控制台const 常数constant 的缩写;C++ 关键字constant 常数相对於 variable 常量constructorctor 建构式构造函数与class 同名的一种 member functionscopy v 复制、拷贝拷贝copy n 复件; 副本cover 涵盖覆盖create 创建、建立、产生、生成创建creation 产生、生成创建cursor 游标光标custom 订制、自定定制data 资料数据database 资料库数据库database schema 数据库结构纲目data member 资料成员、成员变数数据成员、成员变量data structure 资料结构数据结构datagram 资料元数据报文dead lock 死结死锁debug 除错调试debugger 除错器调试器declaration 宣告、宣告式声明deduction 推导例:template argument deduction 推导、推断default 预设缺省、默认defer 延缓推迟definition 定义、定义区、定义式定义delegate 委派、委托、委任委托delegation 同上demarshal 反编列散集dereference 提领取出指标所指物体的内容解叁考dereference operator dereference提领运算子解叁考操作符derived class 衍生类别派生类design by contract 契约式设计design pattern 设计范式、设计样式设计模式※最近我比较喜欢「设计范式」一词destroy 摧毁、销毁destructordtor 解构式析构函数device 装置、设备设备dialog 对话窗、对话盒对话框directive 指令例:using directive 编译指示符directory 目录目录disk 碟盘dispatch 分派分派distributed computing 分布式计算分布式电算分布式计算分散式计算分散式电算document 文件文档dot operator dot句点运算子 . 圆点操作符driver 驱动程式驱动程序dynamic binding 动态系结动态绑定efficiency 效率效率efficient 高效高效end user 终端用户entity 物体实体、物体encapsulation 封装封装enclosing class 外围类别与巢状类别 nested class 有关外围类enum enumeration 列举一种 C++ 资料型别枚举enumerators 列举元enum 型别中的成员枚举成员、枚举器equal 相等相等equality 相等性相等性equality operator equality等号运算子 == 等号操作符equivalence 等价性、等同性、对等性等价性equivalent 等价、等同、对等等价escape code 转义码转义码evaluate 评估、求值、核定评估event 事件事件event driven 事件驱动的事件驱动的exception 异常情况异常exception declaration 异常宣告ref. C++ Primer 3/e; 11.3 异常声明exception handling 异常处理、异常处理机制异常处理、异常处理机制exception specification 异常规格ref. C++ Primer 3/e; 11.4 异常规范exit 退离指离开函式时的那一个执行点退出explicit 明白的、明显的、显式显式export 汇出引出、导出expression 运算式、算式表达式facility 设施、设备设施、设备feature 特性field 栏位;资料栏Java 字段; 值域Javafile 档案文件firmware 韧体固件flag 旗标标记flash memory 快闪记忆体闪存flexibility 弹性灵活性flush 清理、扫清刷新font 字型字体form 表单programming 用语窗体formal parameter 形式叁数形式叁数forward declaration 前置宣告前置声明forwarding 转呼叫;转发转发forwarding function 转呼叫函式;转发函式转发函数fractal 碎形分形framework 框架框架full specialization 全特化ref. partial specialization function 函式、函数函数function call operator 同 call operatorfunction object 函式物件ref. C++ Primer 3/e; 12.3 函数对象function overloaded resolution函式多载决议程序函数重载解决方案functionality 功能、机能功能function template 函式模板、函式范本函数模板functor 仿函式仿函式、函子game 游戏游戏generate 生成generic 泛型、一般化的一般化的、通用的、泛化generic algorithm 泛型演算法通用算法getter 相对於 setter 取值函式global 全域的对应於 local 全局的global object 全域物件全局对象global scope resolution operator全域生存空间范围决议运算子 :: 全局范围解析操作符group 群组group box 群组方块分组框guard clause 卫述句 Refactoring; p250 卫语句GUI 图形介面图形界面hand shaking 握手协商handle 识别码、识别号、号码牌、权柄句柄handler 处理常式处理函数hard-coded 编死的硬编码的hard-copy 硬拷图屏幕截图hard disk 硬碟硬盘hardware 硬体硬件hash table 杂凑表哈希表、散列表header file 表头档、标头档头文件heap 堆积堆hierarchy 阶层体系层次结构体系hook 挂钩钩子hyperlink 超链结超链接icon 图示、图标图标IDE 整合开发环境集成开发环境identifier 识别字、识别符号标识符if and only if 若且唯若当且仅当Illinois 伊利诺伊利诺斯image 影像图象immediate base 直接的紧临的上层 base class.. 直接上层基类immediate derived 直接的紧临的下层 derived class.. 直接下层派生类immutability 不变性immutable 不可变的implement 实作、实现实现implementation 实作品、实作体、实作码、实件实现implicit 隐喻的、暗自的、隐式隐式import 汇入导入increment operator 累加运算子 ++ 增加操作符infinite loop 无穷回圈无限循环infinite recursive 无穷递回无限递归information 资讯信息infrastructure 公共基础建设inheritance 继承、继承机制继承、继承机制inline 行内内联inline expansion 行内展开内联展开initialization 初始化动作初始化initialization list 初值列初始值列表initialize 初始化初始化inner class 内隐类别内嵌类instance 实体实例根据某种表述而实际产生的「东西」instantiated 具现化、实体化常应用於 template 实例化instantiation 具现体、具现化实体常应用於 template 实例integer integral 整数的整型的integrate 整合集成interacts 交谈、互动交互interface 介面接口for GUI 介面界面interpreter 直译器解释器invariants 恒常性;约束条件约束条件invoke 唤起调用iterate 迭代回圈一个轮回一个轮回地进行迭代iterative 反覆的;迭代的iterator 迭代器一种泛型指标迭代器iteration 迭代回圈每次轮回称为一个 iteration 迭代item 项目、条款项、条款、项目laser 雷射激光level 阶层级例 high level 高阶高层library 程式库、函式库库、函数库lifetime 生命期、寿命生命期、寿命link 联结、连结连接;链接linker 联结器、连结器连接器literal constant 字面常数例 3.14 或 "hi" 这等常数值字面常数list 串列linked-list 列表、表、链表list box 列表方块、列表框列表框load 载入装载loader 载入器装载器、载入器local 区域的对应於 global 局部的local object 区域物件局部对象lock 机锁loop 回圈循环lvalue 左值左值macro 巨集宏magic number 魔术数字魔法数maintain 维护维护manipulator 操纵器iostream 预先定义的一种东西操纵器marshal 编列列集叁考 demarshalmechanism 机制机制member 成员成员member access operator 成员取用运算子有 dot 和 arrow 两种成员存取操作符member function 成员函式成员函数member initialization list成员初值列成员初始值列表memberwise 以 member 为单元┅、members 逐一┅以成员为单位memberwise copy 以 members 为单元逐一复制memory 记忆体内存menu 表单、选单菜单message 讯息消息message based 以讯息为基础的基於消息的message loop 讯息回圈消息环method java 方法、行为、函式方法meta- 超- 元-例 meta-programming 超编程元编程micro 微微middleware 中介层中间件modeling 模塑modeling language 塑模语言;建模语言modem 数据机调制解调器module 模组模块modifier 饰词修饰符most derived class 最末层衍生类别最底层的派生类mouse 滑鼠鼠标mutable 可变的可变的multi-tasking 多工多任务namespace 命名空间名字空间、命名空间native 原生的本地的、固有的nested class 巢状类别嵌套类network 网路网络network card 网路卡网卡object 物件对象object based 以物件为基础的基於对象的object file 目的档目标文件object model 物件模型对象模型object oriented 物件导向的面向对象的online 线上在线opaque 不透明的operand 运算元操作数operating system OS 作业系统操作系统operation 操作、操作行为操作operator 运算子操作符、运算符option 选项;可选方案选项ordinary 常规的常规的overflow 上限溢位相对於 underflow 溢出underflow:下溢overhead 额外负担、额外开销额外开销overload 多载化、多载化、重载重载overloaded function 多载化函式重载的函数overloaded operator 多载化运算子被重载的操作符overloaded set 多载集合重载集合override 改写、覆写重载、改写、重新定义在 derived class 中重新定义虚拟函式package 套件包pair 对组palette 调色盘、组件盘、工具箱pane 窗格窗格有时为嵌板之意;例 Java Content Paneparallel 平行并行parameter 叁数函式叁数列上的变数叁数、形式叁数、形叁parameter list 叁数列叁数列表parent class 父类别或称 base class 父类parentheses 小括弧、小括号圆括弧、圆括号parse 解析解析part 零件部件partial specialization 偏特化ref. C++ Primer 3/e; 16.10 局部特化ref. full specializationpass by address 传址函式引数的传递方式非正式用语传地址pass by reference 传址函式引数的一种传递方式传地址; 按引用传递pass by value 传值函式引数的一种传递方式按值传递pattern 范式、样式模式※最近我比较喜欢「范式」一词performance 效率、性能兼而有之性能persistence 永续性持久性pixel 图素、像素像素placement delete ref. C++ Primer 3/e; 15.8.2placement new ref. C++ Primer 3/e; 15.8.2platform 平台平台pointer 指标指针址位器和址叁器 reference 形成对映;满好poll 轮询轮询polymorphism 多型多态pop up 冒起式、弹出式弹出式port 埠端口postfix 後置式、後序式後置式precedence 优先序通常用於运算子的优先执行次序prefix 前置式、前序式前置式preprocessor 前处理器预处理器prime 质数素数primitive type 基本型别不同於 base class;基础类别print 列印打印printer 印表机打印机priority 优先权通常用於执行绪获得 CPU 时间的优先次序procedure 程序过程procedural 程序性的、程序式的过程式的、过程化的process 行程进程profile 评测评测profiler 效能效率评测器效能性能评测器programmer 程式员程序员programming 编程、程式设计、程式化编程progress bar 进度指示器进度指示器project 专案项目、工程property 属性protocol 协定协议pseudo code 假码、虚拟码、伪码伪码qualified 经过资格修饰例如加上 scope 运算子限定qualifier 资格修饰词、饰词限定修饰词quality 品质质量queue 伫列队列radian 径度弧度radio button 圆钮单选按钮raise 引发常用来表示发出一个 exception 引起、引发random number 随机数、乱数随机数range 范围、区间用於 STL 时范围、区间rank 等级、分等ref. C++Primer 3/e 9;15章等级raw 生鲜的、未经处理的未经处理的record 记录记录recordset 记录集记录集recursive 递回递归re-direction 重导向重定向refactoring 重构、重整重构refer 取用叁考refer to 指向、指涉、指代reference C++ 中类似指标的东西;相当於 "化身" 引用、叁考址叁器; see pointerregister 暂存器寄存器reflection 反射反射、映像relational database 关联式资料库关系数据库represent 表述;表现表述;表现resolve 决议为算式中的符号名称寻找解析对应之宣告式的过程resolution 决议程序、决议过程解析过程resolution 解析度分辨率restriction 局限return 传回、回返返回return type 回返型别返回类型return value 回返值返回值robust 强固、稳健健壮robustness 强固性、稳健性健壮性routine 常式例程runtime 执行期运行期、运行时common language runtime CLR 译为「通用语言执行层」rvalue 右值右值save 储存存储schedule 排程调度scheduler 排程器调度程序scheme 结构纲目、组织纲目scroll bar 卷轴滚动条scope 生存空间、生存范围、范畴、作用域生存空间scope operator 生存空间范围决议运算子 :: 生存空间操作符scope resolution operator生存空间决议运算子生存空间解析操作符与scope operator同screen 萤幕屏幕search 搜寻查找semantics 语意语义sequential container 序列式容器顺序式容器对应於 associative containerserver 伺服器、伺服端服务器、服务端serial 串行serialization 次第读写;序列化序列化serializesetter 相对於 getter 设值函式signal 信号signature 标记式、签名式、署名式签名slider 滚轴滑块slot 条孔、槽槽smart pointer 灵巧指标、精灵指标智能指针snapshot 萤幕快照图屏幕截图specialization 特殊化、特殊化定义、特殊化宣告特化specification 规格规格、规范splitter 分裂视窗切分窗口software 软体软件solution 解法;解决方案方案source 原始码源码、源代码stack 堆叠栈stack unwinding 堆叠辗转开解此词用於 exception 主题栈辗转开解standard library 标准程式库standard template library 标准模板程式库statement 述句语句、声明status bar 状态列、状态栏状态条STL 见 standard template librarystream 资料流、串流流string 字串字符串subroutinesubscript operator 下标运算子下标操作符subtype 子型别子类型support 支援支持suspend 虚悬挂起symbol 符号记号syntax 语法语法tag 标签标记索引标签;页签target 标的例 target pointer:标的指标目标task switch 工作切换任务切换template 模板、范本模板template argument deduction模板引数推导模板叁数推导template explicit specialization模板显式特化版本模板显式特化template parameter 模板叁数模板叁数temporary object 暂时物件临时对象text 文字文本text file 程式本文档放置程式原始码的档案文本文件thread 执行绪线程thread safe 多绪安全多线程安全throw 丢掷常指发出一个 exception 丢掷、引发token 语汇单元符号、标记transaction 交易事务transparently 透通的地traverse 巡访来回走动遍历trigger 触发触发type 型别类型UML unified modeling language 统一建模语言unary function 一元函式单叁函数unary operator 一元运算子一元操作符underflow 下限溢位相对於 overflow 下溢unchecked exception 不可控异常Javaunqualified 未经资格修饰而直接取用unwinding ref. stack unwindinguser 使用者、用户用户user interface 使用者介面、用户介面、人机介面用户界面variable 变数相对於常数 const 变量vector 向量一种容器;有点类似 array 向量、矢量viable 可实行的、可行的可行的viable function 可行函式可行函数从 candidate functions 中挑出者video 视讯视频view 1 视图document/view 文档/视图view 2 映件virtual function 虚拟函式虚函数virtual machine 虚拟机器虚拟机virtual memory 虚拟记忆体虚内存; 虚存volatile 易挥发的、易变的vowel 母音元音字母window 视窗窗口window function 视窗函式窗口函数window procedure 视窗函式窗口过程word 字单词word processor 文书处理器字处理器wrapper 外覆、外包包装xxx based 以 xxx 为基础的、植基於 xxx 的基於 xxx 的xxx box xxx 盒、xxx 方块、框 xxx 框例如 dialog box 对话盒、对话方块、对话框对话框xxx oriented xxx 导向面向 xxx宽频宽带透过;经由;藉由通过感冒不感兴趣;不欣赏;有意见感兴趣感冒很红很火颇为比较符号符大括弧 { } 花括弧中括弧方括弧小括弧圆括弧角括弧 < > 尖括弧-self 本身自身呈现体现cover 涵盖覆盖合作协作这麽做这样做for example 例如比如食谱菜谱replace; instead 取代替换亦即即逐一逐个话题谈资level 阶级low level 低阶低级indicate 显示表明level 层次;层级级别事实上实际上薪资;薪水工资加总加合一般普通advanced 进阶高端不少书籍把「成本」和「开销」混为一谈并把cost译为开销我想它们的意义并不相同..no best; just better 没有 "最" 好;只有 "比较" 好没有 "最" 好;只有 "更" 好分类:点点滴滴Online Analytical ProcessingOLAP——联机分析处理Open Database ConnectivityODBC——开放数据库连通性Open Group; The开放组织Open Software FoundationOSF——开放软件基金会out-of-process进程外Point-to-Point ProtocolPPP——点对点协议Point-to-Point Tunneling ProtocolPPTP——点对点连通协议pooling缓冲池Post Office Protocol version 3POP3——邮政协议版本3Private Communications Technology PCT 1.0个人通信技术property属性protocol协议proxy server代理服务器Public Key Certificate StandardPKCS——公共密钥许可标准race condition接力Remote Data ObjectRDO——远程数据对象Remote Procedure CallRPC——远程过程调用router路由器RTP/RTCP 分别为实时协议和实时控制协议scalability可伸缩性script脚本Secure Electronic Payment ProcessSEPP——安全电子支付过程Secure Electronic TransactionSET——安全电子事务处理Secure Sockets Layer 3.0SSL——安全套接层3.0Secure Transaction TechnologySTT——安全事务处理技术server服务器server-side includeSSI——服务器方包含ServerName服务器名Simple Mail Transfer ProtocolSMTP——简单邮件传输协议single-threaded单线程Standard Generalized Markup LanguageSGML——通用标记语言标准stored procedure存储过程Structured Query LanguageSQL——结构查询语言Symmetric MultiprocessingSMP——对称式多处理synchronous同步transaction事务处理Transaction ProcessingTP——事务处理type library类型库Virtual Machine虚拟机Virtual Realty Modeling LanguageVRML——虚拟现实模型语言Virtual Root虚拟根Visual Basic for ApplicationVBA——应用程序的Visual Basic数据Data:信息Information:数据库DBData Base:数据库管理系统DBMSData Base Management System:数据库系统DBSData Base System:数据库应用程序接口APIApplication Programming Interface:数据库应用程序APApplication Program:数据仓库Data Warehouse数据发掘Data Mining信息发掘Information Mining:数据模式Data Model:数据模型Data Model:字段 Field:片段Segment:数据项Data Item:记录Record :域Domain:关系Relation:元组Tuple:属性 Attribute:关键字 Primary Key :外部关键字Forgien Key:网络库Net-Library:主数据文件:辅数据文件:日志文件LOG File:开放数据库互连ODBCOpen Database ConnectionSQL是结构化查询语言Structured Query Language的缩写;是关系数据库的标准语言..视图View:游标CURSOR完整性约束Integrity Constraint:触发器Trigger:存储过程Stored Procedure:数据模式Data Schema:关系模式Relation Schema:数据依赖Data Dependency:函数依赖Functional Dependency规范化Normalization:原子聚合Atom Aggregation:数据流图Data Flow Diagram:数据字典Data Dictionary数据库操纵语言DML:事务transaction:共享锁shared lock :独占锁exclusive lock :复制replication:快照复制 Snapshot Replication:合并复制 Merge Replication:数据市场Data Mart:决策支持系统DSSDecision Support System:维度Dimension:粒度Granularity:索引:Indexing:多维数据分析Multidimensional data analysis:在线事务处理OLTP On-Line Transaction Processing:在线分析处理OLAPOn-Line Analytical Processing:面向主题Subject Oriented:对称多处理器SMPSymmetric MultiProcessors:同义词Synonyms:瀑布开发方法Waterfall Development Method:加速键或快捷键accelerate key带重音的字符accented character校准alignment双向语言bi-directional language编译版本build版本环境build environment版本健康检查build sanity check级连样式表cascading style sheet -CSS字符集character set附属条目collateral计算机辅助翻译Computer Aided Translation-CAT串联Concatenation控制语言Controlled language外观测试cosmetic testing桌面排版desktop publishing-DTP双字节字符集double bytes character set-DBCS双字节支持能力double-byte enablement动态网站dynamic web site可扩展标示语言Extensible Markup Language-XML法语/意大利语/德语/西班牙语French/Italian/Germany/Spanish-FIGS全部匹配full match功能测试functional testing模糊匹配fuzzy matching全球化globalization-g10n术语表glossary硬编码hard-coding帮助编译器help compiler热键hot key启动会议kick-off meeting分层图像layered graphic重复利用leverage语言测试linguistic testing本地化行业标准组织Localization Industry Standard Association-LISA本地化localization-l10n本地化工具包localization kit本地化测试localization testing本地化服务商localization vendor机器翻译machine translation-MT标识语言markup language多字节字符集multi-byte character set多语言服务商multi-language vendor-MLV国家语言支持national language support-NLS。
1、CPU3DNow!(3D no waiting,无须等待的3D处理)AAM(AMD Analyst Meeting,AMD分析家会议)ABP(Advanced Branch Prediction,高级分支预测)ACG(Aggressive Clock Gating,主动时钟选择)AIS(Alternate Instruction Set,交替指令集)ALAT(advanced load table,高级载入表)ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit,算术逻辑单元)Aluminum(铝)AGU(Address Generation Units,地址产成单元)APC(Advanced Power Control,高级能源控制)APIC(Advanced rogrammable Interrupt Controller,高级可编程中断控制器)APS(Alternate Phase Shifting,交替相位跳转)ASB(Advanced System Buffering,高级系统缓冲)ATC(Advanced Transfer Cache,高级转移缓存)ATD(Assembly Technology Development,装配技术发展)BBUL(Bumpless Build-Up Layer,内建非凹凸层)BGA(Ball Grid Array,球状网阵排列)BHT(branch prediction table,分支预测表)Bops(Billion Operations Per Second,10亿操作/秒)BPU(Branch Processing Unit,分支处理单元)BP(Brach Pediction,分支预测)BSP(Boot Strap Processor,启动捆绑处理器)BTAC(Branch Target Address Calculator,分支目标寻址计算器)CBGA (Ceramic Ball Grid Array,陶瓷球状网阵排列)CDIP (Ceramic Dual-In-Line,陶瓷双重直线)Center Processing Unit Utilization,中央处理器占用率CFM(cubic feet per minute,立方英尺/秒)CMT(course-grained multithreading,过程消除多线程)CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,互补金属氧化物半导体)CMOV(conditional move instruction,条件移动指令)CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computing,复杂指令集计算机)CLK(Clock Cycle,时钟周期)CMP(on-chip multiprocessor,片内多重处理)CMS(Code Morphing Software,代码变形软件)co-CPU(cooperative CPU,协处理器)COB(Cache on board,板上集成缓存,做在CPU卡上的二级缓存,通常是内核的一半速度))COD(Cache on Die,芯片内核集成缓存)Copper(铜)CPGA(Ceramic Pin Grid Array,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)CPI(cycles per instruction,周期/指令)CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device,複雜可程式化邏輯元件)CPU(Center Processing Unit,中央处理器)CRT(Cooperative Redundant Threads,协同多余线程)CSP(Chip Scale Package,芯片比例封装)CXT(Chooper eXTend,增强形K6-2内核,即K6-3)Data Forwarding(数据前送)dB(decibel,分贝)DCLK(Dot Clock,点时钟)DCT(DRAM Controller,DRAM控制器)DDT(Dynamic Deferred Transaction,动态延期处理)Decode(指令解码)DIB(Dual Independent Bus,双重独立总线)DMT(Dynamic Multithreading Architecture,动态多线程结构)DP(Dual Processor,双处理器)DSM(Dedicated Stack Manager,专门堆栈管理)DSMT(Dynamic Simultaneous Multithreading,动态同步多线程)DST(Depleted Substrate Transistor,衰竭型底层晶体管)DTV(Dual Threshold Voltage,双重极限电压)DUV(Deep Ultra-Violet,纵深紫外光)EBGA(Enhanced Ball Grid Array,增强形球状网阵排列)EBL(electron beam lithography,电子束平版印刷)EC(Embedded Controller,嵌入式控制器)EDEC(Early Decode,早期解码)Embedded Chips(嵌入式)EPA(edge pin array,边缘针脚阵列)EPF(Embedded Processor Forum,嵌入式处理器论坛)EPL(electron projection lithography,电子发射平版印刷)EPM(Enhanced Power Management,增强形能源管理)EPIC(explicitly parallel instruction code,并行指令代码)EUV(Extreme Ultra Violet,紫外光)EUV(extreme ultraviolet lithography,极端紫外平版印刷)FADD(Floationg Point Addition,浮点加)FBGA(Fine-Pitch Ball Grid Array,精细倾斜球状网阵排列)FBGA(flipchip BGA,轻型芯片BGA)FC-BGA(Flip-Chip Ball Grid Array,反转芯片球形栅格阵列)FC-LGA(Flip-Chip Land Grid Array,反转接点栅格阵列)FC-PGA(Flip-Chip Pin Grid Array,反转芯片针脚栅格阵列)FDIV(Floationg Point Divide,浮点除)FEMMS:Fast Entry/Exit Multimedia State,快速进入/退出多媒体状态FFT(fast Fourier transform,快速热欧姆转换)FGM(Fine-Grained Multithreading,高级多线程)FID(FID:Frequency identify,频率鉴别号码)FIFO(First Input First Output,先入先出队列)FISC(Fast Instruction Set Computer,快速指令集计算机)flip-chip(芯片反转)FLOPs(Floating Point Operations Per Second,浮点操作/秒)FMT(fine-grained multithreading,纯消除多线程)FMUL(Floationg Point Multiplication,浮点乘)FPRs(floating-point registers,浮点寄存器)FPU(Float Point Unit,浮点运算单元)FSUB(Floationg Point Subtraction,浮点减)GFD(Gold finger Device,金手指超频设备)GHC(Global History Counter,通用历史计数器)GTL(Gunning Transceiver Logic,射电收发逻辑电路)GVPP(Generic Visual Perception Processor,常规视觉处理器)HL-PBGA: 表面黏著,高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状网阵封装HTT(Hyper-Threading Technology,超级线程技术)Hz(hertz,赫兹,频率单位)IA(Intel Architecture,英特尔架构)IAA(Intel Application Accelerator,英特尔应用程序加速器)ICU(Instruction Control Unit,指令控制单元)ID(identify,鉴别号码)IDF(Intel Developer Forum,英特尔开发者论坛)IEU(Integer Execution Units,整数执行单元)IHS(Integrated Heat Spreader,完整热量扩展)ILP(Instruction Level Parallelism,指令级平行运算)IMM: Intel Mobile Module, 英特尔移动模块Instructions Cache,指令缓存Instruction Coloring(指令分类)IOPs(Integer Operations Per Second,整数操作/秒)IPC(Instructions Per Clock Cycle,指令/时钟周期)ISA(instruction set architecture,指令集架构)ISD(inbuilt speed-throttling device,内藏速度控制设备)ITC(Instruction Trace Cache,指令追踪缓存)ITRS(International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors,国际半导体技术发展蓝图)KNI(Katmai New Instructions,Katmai新指令集,即SSE)Latency(潜伏期)LDT(Lightning Data Transport,闪电数据传输总线)LFU(Legacy Function Unit,传统功能单元)LGA(land grid array,接点栅格阵列)LN2(Liquid Nitrogen,液氮)Local Interconnect(局域互连)MAC(multiply-accumulate,累积乘法)mBGA (Micro Ball Grid Array,微型球状网阵排列)nm(namometer,十亿分之一米/毫微米)MCA(machine check architecture,机器检查体系)MCU(Micro-Controller Unit,微控制器单元)MCT(Memory Controller,内存控制器)MESI(Modified, Exclusive, Shared, Invalid:修改、排除、共享、废弃)MF(MicroOps Fusion,微指令合并)mm(micron metric,微米)MMX(MultiMedia Extensions,多媒体扩展指令集)MMU(Multimedia Unit,多媒体单元)MMU(Memory Management Unit,内存管理单元)MN(model numbers,型号数字)MFLOPS(Million Floationg Point/Second,每秒百万个浮点操作)MHz(megahertz,兆赫)mil(PCB 或晶片佈局的長度單位,1 mil = 千分之一英寸)MIPS(Million Instruction Per Second,百万条指令/秒)MOESI(Modified, Owned, Exclusive, Shared or Invalid,修改、自有、排除、共享或无效)MOF(Micro Ops Fusion,微操作熔合)Mops(Million Operations Per Second,百万次操作/秒)MP(Multi-Processing,多重处理器架构)MPF(Micro processor Forum,微处理器论坛)MPU(Microprocessor Unit,微处理器)MPS(MultiProcessor Specification,多重处理器规范)MSRs(Model-Specific Registers,特别模块寄存器)MSV(Multiprocessor Specification Version,多处理器规范版本)NAOC(no-account OverClock,无效超频)NI(Non-Intel,非英特尔)NOP(no operation,非操作指令)NRE(Non-Recurring Engineering charge,非重複性工程費用)OBGA(Organic Ball Grid Arral,有机球状网阵排列)OCPL(Off Center Parting Line,远离中心部分线队列)OLGA(Organic Land Grid Array,有机平面网阵包装)OoO(Out of Order,乱序执行)OPC(Optical Proximity Correction,光学临近修正)OPGA(Organic Pin Grid Array,有机塑料针型栅格阵列)OPN(Ordering Part Number,分类零件号码)PAT(Performance Acceleration Technology,性能加速技术)PBGA(Plastic Pin Ball Grid Array,塑胶球状网阵排列)PDIP (Plastic Dual-In-Line,塑料双重直线)PDP(Parallel Data Processing,并行数据处理)PGA(Pin-Grid Array,引脚网格阵列),耗电大PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip Carriers,塑料行间芯片运载)Post-RISC(加速RISC,或后RISC)PR(Performance Rate,性能比率)PIB(Processor In a Box,盒装处理器)PM(Pseudo-Multithreading,假多线程)PPGA(Plastic Pin Grid Array,塑胶针状网阵封装)PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package,塑料方块平面封装)PSN(Processor Serial numbers,处理器序列号)QFP(Quad Flat Package,方块平面封装)QSPS(Quick Start Power State,快速启动能源状态)RAS(Return Address Stack,返回地址堆栈)RAW(Read after Write,写后读)REE(Rapid Execution Engine,快速执行引擎)Register Contention(抢占寄存器)Register Pressure(寄存器不足)Register Renaming(寄存器重命名)Remark(芯片频率重标识)Resource contention(资源冲突)Retirement(指令引退)RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computing,精简指令集计算机)ROB(Re-Order Buffer,重排序缓冲区)RSE(register stack engine,寄存器堆栈引擎)RTL(Register Transfer Level,暫存器轉換層。
计算机常用名词中英文对照Adapter cards适配卡Advanced application高级应用Analytical graph分析图表Application software 应用软件Audio-output device音频输出设备Applets程序Attachment附件Bar code条形码Bar code reader条形码读卡器Basic application基础程序Browser浏览器Bus line \ Bus总线Bandwidth\ Broadband带宽Bluetooth蓝牙Browser浏览器Chip芯片Cables连线Cordless or wireless mouse无线鼠标CD-ROM可记录光盘CD-RW可重写光盘CD-R可记录压缩光盘computer crime计算机犯罪Computer network计算机网络Connection device连接设备cookies信息记录程序security安全Solid-state storage固态存储器surfing网上冲浪cracker解密高手Database数据库database files数据库文件Database manager数据库管理Data bus数据总线Data projector数码放映机Destination file目标文件Digital cameras数码照相机Digital notebooks数字笔记本Digital bideo camera数码摄影机Document文档document files文档文件database administrator数据库管理员Dataplay数字播放器Dial-up service拨号服务Digital cash数字现金Digital signals数字信号Diskette\ Disk磁碟Downloading下载e-book电子阅读器Expansion cards扩展卡end user终端用户e-cash电子现金e-commerce电子商务electronic cash电子现金Fax machine传真机Field域Find搜索Firmware固件Flash RAM闪存Flatbed scanner台式扫描器Flat-panel monitor纯平显示器 f loppy disk软盘Formatting toolbar格式化工具条File compression文件压缩File decompression文件解压缩filter过滤firewall防火墙Fixed disk固定硬盘Flash memory闪存Flexible disk可折叠磁盘Formatting格式化handheld computer手提电脑Hard copy硬拷贝hard disk硬盘hardware硬件Host computer主机Home page主页Hyperlink超链接hacker黑客history file历史文件information technology信息技术Ink-jet printer墨水喷射印刷机Interface cards 接口卡internet telephony网络电话i-drive网络硬盘驱动器initializing 初始化keyword search关键字搜索Main board主板Memory内存Menu菜单Menu bar菜单Microprocessor微处理器Monitor显示器Motherboard主板Mouse 鼠标Multifunctional device多功能设备mailing list邮件列表Net PC网络计算机Network adapter card网卡Network personal computer网络个人电脑Notebook computer笔记本电脑Object linking目标链接Optical disk光盘Optical mouse光电鼠标Optical scanner光电扫描仪Outline大纲off-line browsers离线浏览器Online storage联机存储palmtop computer掌上电脑Plug and play即插即用Plug-in boards插件卡privacy隐私权provider供应商proxy server代理服务Resolution分辨率Read-only只读Scanner扫描器Search查找Sheet表格Silicon chip硅片Slots插槽Smart card智能卡Soft copy软拷贝Software suite软件协议Sorting排序分类Source file源文件search engines搜索引擎search providers搜索供应者search services 搜索服务器signature line签名档snoopware监控软件spiders网页爬虫Text entry文本输入Toolbar工具栏Touchscreen触摸屏uploading上传Virtual memory虚拟内存Video display screen视频显示屏virus checker病毒检测程序virus病毒Voiceband音频带宽Wand reader 条形码读入Webcam摄像头Word processing文字处理Word wrap自动换行Worksheet file 工作表文件web auctions网上拍卖web broadcasters网络广播web portals门户网站worm蠕虫病毒Write-protect notch写保护口。
计算机专业术语中英⽂对照计算机专业术语对照Aabstraction layer,抽象层access,获取,存取acoustic coupler,声⾳耦合器Active Directory,活动⽬录Acyclic Dependencies Principle,⾮循环依赖原则(ADP)acyclic digraph,有向⽆环图Adaptive Code,⾃适应代码Add Parameter,添加参数ADSL,Asymmetrical Dingital Subscriber Loop,⾮对称数字⽤户环线affinity,绑定affinity group,地缘组agent,代理agent-based interface,代理⼈界⾯Agile,敏捷⽅法论agile practice,敏捷实践agile peocess,敏捷流程agility,敏捷性AI,Artificial Intelligence,⼈⼯智能air waves,⽆线电波algorithm,算法analog,模拟的animation,动画annotation,注解,注释answering machine,电话应答机antenna,天线anti-pattern,反模式APM,异步编程模型(Asynchronous Programming Model)Apocalyptic defect,灾难缺陷application,应⽤,应⽤程序,应⽤软件application life cycle,应⽤程序⽣命周期application pool,应⽤程序池Application Programming Interface,应⽤程序编程接⼝(API)architecture,体系机构,结构architecture decay,架构腐坏Architecture Style,架构风格ARPA,Advanced Research Projects Agency,(美国国防部)⾼级研究计划署ARPAnet,ARPA⽹Arrange-Act-Assert,准备-执⾏-断⾔(AAA)artifact,构建物4ASF,Apache Software Foundation 的简写Aspect-Oriented Programming,⾯向切⾯编程(AOP)aspect ratio,屏幕⾼宽⽐assembly,程序集Asynchronous Programming Model,异步编程模型(APM)ATM,asynchronous transfer mode,异步传输模式atomic opreation,原⼦操作atomic transaction,原⼦事务atomicity,原⼦性attribute,特性augmented reality,增强实现authentication,⾝份验证authorization,授权automated unit testing,⾃动化单元测试automation,⾃动化autonomous,独⽴性availability,可⽤性availability set,可⽤性集AZs,可⽤性区域(Availability Zones,亚马逊 AWS 中数据中⼼的叫法)4BBackend as a Service,后端即服务(BaaS)backpane,底板backward compatibility,向后兼容性bandwidth,带宽bar code,条形码Base Class Library,基类库(BCL)baseline,准线baud,波特BCL,基类库(Base Class Library)bear,熊behavior,⾏为behavior preserving program transformations,⾏为保留式程序转换1 Behavioral error,⾏为错误BFF,为前端服务的后端(Backends For Frontends)4Big Ball of Mud,⼤泥球(BBM)big data,⼤数据Big Design Up Front,⼤优先设计(BDUF)binary,⼆进制的binochlar,双⽬并⽤的bit,⽐特Bit-field,位域bitnik,⽐特族blob,BLOBblock,阻断block blob,块 BLOBBlockchain as a Service,区块链即服务(BaaS)bottleneck,瓶颈bounded context,边界上下⽂、界限上下⽂4box,装箱bps,bits per second,⽐特/秒breakpoint,断点broadcast,(⽆线电或电视)⼴播Broken Hierarchy,⽀离破碎的层次结构2Broken Modularization,拆散的模块化2brownfield project,⾏进中项⽬Browser Object Model,浏览器对象模型(BOM)browser-server,浏览器-服务器bug,缺陷built-in,内置的,内建的;嵌⼊的;内置bulkhead,舱壁4business intelligence,商业智能business layer,业务层business logic layer,业务逻辑层busy (status),忙(状态);繁忙(状态)byte,字节Ccable,电缆Cache/Caching,缓存call stack,调⽤堆栈callout box,标注框camelCase,camel ⼤⼩写canary releasing,⾦丝雀发布4carbon copy,复写本,副本;抄送(CC)carriage return,回车Cascading Style Sheets,层叠样式表(CSS)catastrophic failover,灾难性故障转移4CD,持续交付(Continuous Delivery)4CDC,消费者驱动的契约(Customer-Driven Contract)4CDN,内容分发⽹络(Content Delivery Network)cell,单元cellular telephone,移动电话Central Processing Unit,中央处理器(CPU)certificate,(数字)证书Certificate Authority,证书认证机构Change Bidirectional Association to Unidirectional,将双向关联改为单向关联1Change Point,修改点:需要往代码中引⼊修改的点Change Reference to Value,将引⽤对象改为值对象1Change Unidirectional Association to Bidirectional,将单向关联改为双向关联1Change Value to Reference,将值对象改为引⽤对象1channel,信道,频道character,字符Characterization test,特征测试:描述软件某部分的当前⾏为的测试,当你修改代码时能够⽤来保持⾏为check in,签⼊check out,签出chip,芯⽚choreography,协同CI,持续集成(Continuous Integration)4cipher,密码claim,声明class definition,类定义CLI,公共语⾔基础结构(Common Language Infrastructure)client-server,客户端-服务器clone,克隆,复制cloud computing,云计算cloud service,云服务CLR,公共语⾔运⾏时(Common Language Runtime)CLS,公共语⾔规范(Common Language Specification)cluster,集群clustered index,聚集索引CMS,内容管理系统(Content Management System)co-occurring smells,同时出现的坏味2coaxial cable,同轴电缆COBIT,信息和相关技术的控制⽬标,Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology4 CoC,更改开销(Cost of Change)code smell,代码味道Collapse Hierarchy,折叠继承关系1comcurrency,并发command,命令command prompt,命令⾏提⽰Command/Query Responsibility Segregation,命令/查询职责分离(CQRS)Command/Query Separation,命令/查询分离(CQS)commingled bits,混合的⽐特communication,通信community,社区committed,已提交(的)Common Intermediate Language,公共中间语⾔Common Language Infrastructure,公共语⾔基础结构(CLI)Common Language Runtime,公共语⾔运⾏时(CLR)Common Language Specification,公共语⾔规范(CLS)Common Type System,公共类型系统(CTS)common name,通⽤名称compatibility,兼容性Competing Consumer pattern,消费者竞争模式4Component Object Model,组件对象模型(COM)composite formatting,复合格式化Composite Pattern,复合模式concurrency conflicts,并发冲突concurrency mode,并发模式conditional compilation,条件编译conditional compilation statement,条件编译语句configuration,配置,设置connection string,连接字符串Consolidate Conditional Expression,合并条件表达式1Consolidate Duplicate Conditional Fragments,合并重复的条件⽚段1consistenct,⼀致性constructor,构造函数container,容器Container As A Service,容器即服务(CaaS)4content,内容context,上下⽂contextual keyword,上下⽂关键字continuous integration,持续集成contribute,贡献Contributor License Agreement,贡献者许可协议convention,约定covariance,协变contravariance,逆变convert,转换Convert Procedural Design to Objects,将过程化设计转化为对象设计1cookie,Cookiecore,内核;.NET Core 的简写(能且仅能与 .NET Framework 的简写nfx同时出现,作如nfx/core,单独使⽤时应为全称.NET Core)corruption,损毁Cosmetic issue,外观上问题Cost of Change,更改开销(CoC)COTS,现成的商业软件(Commercial Off-The Shelf)4counterpoint,对位4Coupling count,耦合数:当⼀个⽅法被调⽤时传给它以及从它传出来的值的数⽬。
Aaccess control / 访问控制access control entry, ACE / 访问控制项account lockout / 帐户锁定ACE, access control entry / 访问控制项acknowledgment message / 应答消息ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) / 高级配置和电源接口active / 活动active content / 活动内容Active DirectoryActive Directory Users and Computers / Active Directory 用户和计算机active partition / 活动分区active volume / 活动卷ActiveXAddress Resolution Protocol, ARP / 地址解析协议administration queue / 管理队列administrative alerts / 管理警报administrator / 管理员Advanced Configuration and Power Interface, ACPI / 高级配置和电源接口agent / 代理Alerter service / 警报器服务allocation unit size / 分配单元大小American Standard Code for Information Interchange, ASCII / 美国信息交换标准码AppleTalkAppleTalk Transport / AppleTalk 传输ARP, Address Resolution Protocol / 地址解析协议ASCII, American Standard Code for Information Interchange / 美国信息交换标准码Assistive Technology Program / 辅助技术程序asymmetric encryption / 非对称加密asynchronous communication / 异步通讯ATM asynchronous transfer mode / 异步传输模式attributes / 属性audit policy / 审核策略auditing / 审核authentication / 身份验证authoritative restore / 强制性还原authorization / 授权BB—channel / B—信道background program / 后台程序backup media pool / 备份媒体池backup operator / 备份操作员backup set / 备份集backup set catalog / 备份集分类backup types / 备份类型bandwidth / 带宽BAP, Bandwidth Allocation Protocol / 带宽分配协议base priority / 基本优先级basic disk / 基本磁盘basic input/output system, BIOS / 基本输入/输出系统basic volume / 基本卷batch program / 批处理程序baud rate / 波特率binary / 二进制binary digit, bit / 二进制数字,位bindery / 平构数据库BIOS, basic input/output system / 基本输入/输出系统bit, binary digit / 位,二进制数字bits per second, bps / 每秒位数boot / 启动boot files / 启动文件boot partition / 启动分区boot volume / 启动卷bps, bits per second / 每秒位数buffer / 缓冲区built—in groups / 内置组bus / 总线bytes received / 接收的字节数bytes transmitted / 传输的字节数CCA, certification authority / 证书颁发机构callback number / 回叫号码callback security / 回叫安全called subscriber ID (CSID) string / 被叫订户 ID (CSID)字符串CAPI (CryptoAPI)cartridge font / 字体盒字体catalog / 编录CDP, CRL Distribution Point / CRL 分发点certificate / 证书certificate revocation list, CRL / 证书吊销列表certificate store / 证书存储区certificate template / 证书模板certificate trust list, CTL / 证书信任列表certification authority, CA / 证书颁发机构certification hierarchy / 证书等级certification path / 证书路径channel / 信道CHAP, Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol / 质询握手身份验证协议character mode / 字符方式child object / 子对象clear / 清除client / 客户client application / 客户应用程序Client Service for NetWare / NetWare 客户服务ClipBook Server / 剪贴簿服务器Cluster Administrator / 群集管理器Cluster Administrator extension / 群集管理器扩展Cluster service / 群集服务cluster size / 簇大小Cluster.exeCMYK color space / CMYK 颜色空间code page / 代码页codec / 编解码器color gamut / 色阶color management / 颜色管理color profile / 颜色配置文件color space / 颜色空间Command Prom pt window /“命令提示符"窗口common groups / 公用组communication port / 通讯端口communication settings / 通讯设置community name / 社团名Compression Control Protocol, CCP / 压缩控制协议computer account / 计算机帐户Computer Browser service / 计算机浏览器服务computer quota / 计算机配额connect / 连接connected, authenticating user / 已连接,正验证身份的用户connected, user authenticated / 已连接且身份已验证的用户connector application / 连接器应用程序connector queue / 连接器队列console tree / 控制台树container object / 容器对象copy backup / 副本备份CPU Time / CPU 时间CPU Usage / CPU 使用CRC errors / CRC 错误CRL, certificate revocation list / 证书吊销列表CRL Distribution Point, CDP / CRL 分发点CryptoAPI (CAPI)cryptographic service provider, CSP / 加密服务提供程序cryptography / 加密CSID (called subscriber ID) string / CSID(被叫订户 ID)字符串CSP, cryptographic service provider / 加密服务提供程序CTL, certificate trust list / 证书信任列表custom file type / 自定义文件类型DD-channel / D-信道DACL, discretionary access control list / 任意访问控制表daily backup / 每日备份Data Communications Equipment, DCE / 数据通讯设备Data Terminal Equipment, DTE / 数据终端设备data-overrun error / 数据溢出错误DCE, Data Communications Equipment / 数据通讯设备DDE, dynamic data exchange / 动态数据交换dead-letter queue / 死信队列debugger / 调试器default button / 默认按钮default network / 默认网络default printer / 默认打印机default tree and context / 默认树和上下文default user / 默认用户defragmentation / 碎片整理dependency / 从属关系dependent client / 从属客户descendent key / 派生项desktop / 桌面desktop pattern / 桌面方案destination document / 目标文档details pane / 详细信息窗格device / 设备device conflict / 设备冲突device driver / 设备驱动程序device fonts / 设备字体Device Manager / 设备管理器DHCP, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 动态主机配置协议DHCP option / DHCP 选项dial location / 拨号位置dial—up connection / 拨号连接differential backup / 差异备份digital signature / 数字签名Digital Signature Standard, DSS / 数字签名标准digital video disc, DVD / 数字化视频光盘direct cable connection / 直接电缆连接direct memory access, DMA / 直接内存访问directory partition / 目录分区disable / 禁用discretionary access control list, DACL / 任意访问控制表disk / 磁盘disk configuration information / 磁盘配置信息dismount / 卸除display adapter / 显示适配器DLL, dynamic-link library / 动态链接库DMA, direct memory access / 直接内存访问DNS, Domain Name System / 域名系统DNS server / DNS 服务器docking station / 插接站document / 文档domain / 域domain controller / 域控制器domain name / 域名Domain Name System, DNS / 域名系统domain namespace / 域名空间dots per inch, DPI / 每英寸点数downloadable fonts / 可下载字体drag / 拖动drive / 驱动器drive letter / 驱动器号drop folder / 拖动文件夹DSS, Digital Signature Standard / 数字签名标准DTE, Data Terminal Equipment / 数据终端设备dual boot / 双重启动duplex / 双工DVD, digital video disc / 数字化视频光盘DVD decoder / DVD 解码器DVD drive / DVD 驱动器DWORDdynamic data exchange, DDE / 动态数据交换dynamic disk / 动态磁盘Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, DHCP / 动态主机配置协议dynamic volume / 动态卷dynamic—link library, DLL / 动态链接库EEAP, Extensible Authentication Protocol / 可扩展的身份验证协议EFS, encrypting file system / 加密文件系统embedded object / 内嵌对象emergency repair disk, ERD / 紧急修复磁盘enable / 启用encapsulated PostScript (EPS) file / 封装的 PostScript (EPS) 文件encrypted passwords / 加密的密码encrypting file system, EFS / 加密文件系统encryption / 加密enhanced small device interface, ESDI / 增强型小型设备接口environment variable / 环境变量EPS (encapsulated PostScript) file / EPS(封装的 PostScript)文件ERD, emergency repair disk / 紧急修复磁盘error detection / 错误检测event / 事件Event Log service / 事件日志服务event logging / 事件记录everyone category / everyone 的分类expanded memory / 扩充内存expansion slot / 扩展槽explicit permissions / 直接权限express message / 快递消息extended memory / 扩展内存extended partition / 扩展分区Extensible Authentication Protocol, EAP / 可扩展的身份验证协议external network number / 外部网络号Ffailback / 故障回复failed / 失败failover / 故障转移FAT, file allocation table / 文件分配表FAT32fault tolerance / 容错Fax Service / 传真服务FCB, file control block / 文件控制块Federal Information Processing Standard 140-1, FIPS 140-1 / 联邦信息处理标准 140-1 FEP, (front-end processor) / 前端处理器file allocation table, FAT / 文件分配表file control block, FCB / 文件控制块File Server for Macintosh / Macintosh 文件服务器file system / 文件系统file type / 文件类型filter / 筛选器FIPS 140—1, Federal Information Processing Standard 140-1 / 联邦信息处理标准 140-1font / 字体font cartridge / 字体盒foreground program / 前台程序foreign computer / 外部计算机form / 表单FORTEZZAfragmentation / 碎片frame type / 帧类型free media pool / 可用媒体池free space / 可用空间front-end processor, FEP / 前端处理器full—duplex / 全双工full name / 全名GGateway Service for NetWare / NetWare 网关服务GDI objects / GDI 对象global group / 全局组graphics mode / 图形模式group / 组group account / 组帐户group memberships / 组成员身份group name / 组名Group Policy / 组策略Group Policy object / 组策略对象guest / 来宾guest account / 来宾帐户Hhalf—duplex / 半双工handle count / 句柄数handshaking / 握手Hardware Compatibility List, HCL / 硬件兼容性列表hardware compression / 硬件压缩hardware configuration / 硬件配置hardware decoder / 硬件解码器hardware profile / 硬件配置文件hardware type / 硬件类型hash / 散列hash algorithm / 散列算法Hash-based Message Authentication Mode, HMAC / 基于散列的消息验证模式HCL, Hardware Compatibility List / 硬件兼容性列表hexadecimal / 十六进制histogram / 直方图hive / 配置单元HMAC, Hash—based Message Authentication Mode / 基于散列的消息验证模式home directory / 主目录host name / 主机名HTML, Hypertext Markup Language / 超文本标记语言hub / 网络集线器hubbed mode / 集线模式hue / 色调Hypertext Markup Language, HTML / 超文本标记语言II/O (input/output) port / I/O(输入/输出)端口ICMP, Internet Control Message Protocol / 网际消息控制协议IDE, integrated device electronics / 集成设备电路IEEE 1394Image Name / 映像名称IME, Input Method Editor / 输入法import media pool / 导入媒体池incremental backup / 增量备份independent client / 独立客户。
信息技术常用术语中英文对照表1. 计算机网络 Computer Network2. 互联网 Internet3. 局域网 Local Area Network (LAN)4. 带宽 Bandwidth5. 路由器 Router6. 交换机 Switch7. 防火墙 Firewall8. 病毒 Virus9. 木马 Trojan10. 黑客 Hacker11. 中央处理器 Central Processing Unit (CPU)12. 内存 Random Access Memory (RAM)13. 硬盘 Hard Disk Drive (HDD)14. 固态硬盘 Solid State Drive (SSD)15. 显卡 Graphics Card16. 主板 Motherboard17. BIOS Basic Input/Output System18. 操作系统 Operating System19. 应用程序 Application20. 编程语言 Programming Language21. 数据库 Database22. 服务器 Server23. 客户端 Client24. 云计算 Cloud Computing25. 大数据 Big Data27. 机器学习 Machine Learning28. 深度学习 Deep Learning29. 虚拟现实 Virtual Reality (VR)30. 增强现实 Augmented Reality (AR)31. 网络安全 Network Security32. 数据加密 Data Encryption33. 数字签名 Digital Signature34. 身份验证 Authentication35. 访问控制 Access Control36. 数据备份 Data Backup37. 数据恢复 Data Recovery38. 系统升级 System Upgrade39. 系统优化 System Optimization40. 技术支持 Technical Support当然,让我们继续丰富这个信息技术常用术语的中英文对照表:41. 网络协议 Network Protocol42. IP地址 Internet Protocol Address43. 域名系统 Domain Name System (DNS)44. HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol45. Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure46. FTP File Transfer Protocol47. SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol48. POP3 Post Office Protocol 349. IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol50. TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol51. 无线局域网 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)52. 蓝牙 Bluetooth53. 无线保真 WiFi (Wireless Fidelity)54. 4G Fourth Generation55. 5G Fifth Generation56. 物联网 Internet of Things (IoT)57. 云服务 Cloud Service58. 网络存储 Network Attached Storage (NAS)59. 分布式文件系统 Distributed File System60. 数据中心 Data Center61. 系统分析 Systems Analysis62. 系统设计 Systems Design63. 软件开发 Software Development64. 系统集成 Systems Integration65. 软件测试 Software Testing66. 质量保证 Quality Assurance67. 项目管理 Project Management68. 技术文档 Technical Documentation69. 用户手册 User Manual70. 知识库 Knowledge Base71. 网络拓扑 Network Topology72. 星型网络 Star Network73. 环形网络 Ring Network74. 总线型网络 Bus Network75. 树形网络 Tree Network76. 点对点网络 PeertoPeer Network77. 宽带接入 Broadband Access78. DSL Digital Subscriber Line79. 光纤到户 Fiber To The Home (FTTH)80. VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol通过这份对照表,希望您能更加轻松地理解和应用信息技术领域的专业术语。
专业术语中英文对照表计算机专业.txt人生在世,难敌宿命,沉沦其中。
我不爱风尘,似被前缘误!!我只为我最爱的人流泪“我会学着放弃你,是因为我太爱你”赢了你,我可以放弃整个世界? 1、CPU3DNow!(3D no waiting,无须等待的3D处理)AAM(AMD Analyst Meeting,AMD分析家会议)ABP(Advanced Branch Prediction,高级分支预测)ACG(Aggressive Clock Gating,主动时钟选择)AIS(Alternate Instruction Set,交替指令集)ALAT(advanced load table,高级载入表)ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit,算术逻辑单元)Aluminum(铝)AGU(Address Generation Units,地址产成单元)APC(Advanced Power Control,高级能源控制)APIC(Advanced rogrammable Interrupt Controller,高级可编程中断控制器)APS(Alternate Phase Shifting,交替相位跳转)ASB(Advanced System Buffering,高级系统缓冲)ATC(Advanced Transfer Cache,高级转移缓存)ATD(Assembly Technology Development,装配技术发展)BBUL(Bumpless Build-Up Layer,内建非凹凸层)BGA(Ball Grid Array,球状网阵排列)BHT(branch prediction table,分支预测表)Bops(Billion Operations Per Second,10亿操作/秒)BPU(Branch Processing Unit,分支处理单元)BP(Brach Pediction,分支预测)BSP(Boot Strap Processor,启动捆绑处理器)BTAC(Branch Target Address Calculator,分支目标寻址计算器)CBGA (Ceramic Ball Grid Array,陶瓷球状网阵排列)CDIP (Ceramic Dual-In-Line,陶瓷双重直线)Center Processing Unit Utilization,中央处理器占用率CFM(cubic feet per minute,立方英尺/秒)CMT(course-grained multithreading,过程消除多线程)CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,互补金属氧化物半导体)CMOV(conditional move instruction,条件移动指令)CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computing,复杂指令集计算机)CLK(Clock Cycle,时钟周期)CMP(on-chip multiprocessor,片内多重处理)CMS(Code Morphing Software,代码变形软件)co-CPU(cooperative CPU,协处理器)COB(Cache on board,板上集成缓存,做在CPU卡上的二级缓存,通常是内核的一半速度))COD(Cache on Die,芯片内核集成缓存)Copper(铜)CPGA(Ceramic Pin Grid Array,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)CPI(cycles per instruction,周期/指令)CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device,複雜可程式化邏輯元件)CPU(Center Processing Unit,中央处理器)CRT(Cooperative Redundant Threads,协同多余线程)CSP(Chip Scale Package,芯片比例封装)CXT(Chooper eXTend,增强形K6-2内核,即K6-3)Data Forwarding(数据前送)dB(decibel,分贝)DCLK(Dot Clock,点时钟)DCT(DRAM Controller,DRAM控制器)DDT(Dynamic Deferred Transaction,动态延期处理)Decode(指令解码)DIB(Dual Independent Bus,双重独立总线)DMT(Dynamic Multithreading Architecture,动态多线程结构)DP(Dual Processor,双处理器)DSM(Dedicated Stack Manager,专门堆栈管理)DSMT(Dynamic Simultaneous Multithreading,动态同步多线程)DST(Depleted Substrate Transistor,衰竭型底层晶体管)DTV(Dual Threshold Voltage,双重极限电压)DUV(Deep Ultra-Violet,纵深紫外光)EBGA(Enhanced Ball Grid Array,增强形球状网阵排列)EBL(electron beam lithography,电子束平版印刷)EC(Embedded Controller,嵌入式控制器)EDEC(Early Decode,早期解码)Embedded Chips(嵌入式)EPA(edge pin array,边缘针脚阵列)EPF(Embedded Processor Forum,嵌入式处理器论坛)EPL(electron projection lithography,电子发射平版印刷)EPM(Enhanced Power Management,增强形能源管理)EPIC(explicitly parallel instruction code,并行指令代码)EUV(Extreme Ultra Violet,紫外光)EUV(extreme ultraviolet lithography,极端紫外平版印刷)FADD(Floationg Point Addition,浮点加)FBGA(Fine-Pitch Ball Grid Array,精细倾斜球状网阵排列)FBGA(flipchip BGA,轻型芯片BGA)FC-BGA(Flip-Chip Ball Grid Array,反转芯片球形栅格阵列)FC-LGA(Flip-Chip Land Grid Array,反转接点栅格阵列)FC-PGA(Flip-Chip Pin Grid Array,反转芯片针脚栅格阵列)FDIV(Floationg Point Divide,浮点除)FEMMS:Fast Entry/Exit Multimedia State,快速进入/退出多媒体状态FFT(fast Fourier transform,快速热欧姆转换)FGM(Fine-Grained Multithreading,高级多线程)FID(FID:Frequency identify,频率鉴别号码)FIFO(First Input First Output,先入先出队列)FISC(Fast Instruction Set Computer,快速指令集计算机)flip-chip(芯片反转)FLOPs(Floating Point Operations Per Second,浮点操作/秒)FMT(fine-grained multithreading,纯消除多线程)FMUL(Floationg Point Multiplication,浮点乘)FPRs(floating-point registers,浮点寄存器)FPU(Float Point Unit,浮点运算单元)FSUB(Floationg Point Subtraction,浮点减)GFD(Gold finger Device,金手指超频设备)GHC(Global History Counter,通用历史计数器)GTL(Gunning Transceiver Logic,射电收发逻辑电路)GVPP(Generic Visual Perception Processor,常规视觉处理器)HL-PBGA: 表面黏著,高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状网阵封装HTT(Hyper-Threading Technology,超级线程技术)Hz(hertz,赫兹,频率单位)IA(Intel Architecture,英特尔架构)IAA(Intel Application Accelerator,英特尔应用程序加速器)ICU(Instruction Control Unit,指令控制单元)ID(identify,鉴别号码)IDF(Intel Developer Forum,英特尔开发者论坛)IEU(Integer Execution Units,整数执行单元)IHS(Integrated Heat Spreader,完整热量扩展)ILP(Instruction Level Parallelism,指令级平行运算)IMM: Intel Mobile Module, 英特尔移动模块Instructions Cache,指令缓存Instruction Coloring(指令分类)IOPs(Integer Operations Per Second,整数操作/秒)IPC(Instructions Per Clock Cycle,指令/时钟周期)ISA(instruction set architecture,指令集架构)ISD(inbuilt speed-throttling device,内藏速度控制设备)ITC(Instruction Trace Cache,指令追踪缓存)ITRS(International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors,国际半导体技术发展蓝图)KNI(Katmai New Instructions,Katmai新指令集,即SSE)Latency(潜伏期)LDT(Lightning Data Transport,闪电数据传输总线)LFU(Legacy Function Unit,传统功能单元)LGA(land grid array,接点栅格阵列)LN2(Liquid Nitrogen,液氮)Local Interconnect(局域互连)MAC(multiply-accumulate,累积乘法)mBGA (Micro Ball Grid Array,微型球状网阵排列)nm(namometer,十亿分之一米/毫微米)MCA(machine check architecture,机器检查体系)MCU(Micro-Controller Unit,微控制器单元)MCT(Memory Controller,内存控制器)MESI(Modified, Exclusive, Shared, Invalid:修改、排除、共享、废弃)MF(MicroOps Fusion,微指令合并)mm(micron metric,微米)MMX(MultiMedia Extensions,多媒体扩展指令集)MMU(Multimedia Unit,多媒体单元)MMU(Memory Management Unit,内存管理单元)MN(model numbers,型号数字)MFLOPS(Million Floationg Point/Second,每秒百万个浮点操作)MHz(megahertz,兆赫)mil(PCB 或晶片佈局的長度單位,1 mil = 千分之一英寸)MIPS(Million Instruction Per Second,百万条指令/秒)MOESI(Modified, Owned, Exclusive, Shared or Invalid,修改、自有、排除、共享或无效)MOF(Micro Ops Fusion,微操作熔合)Mops(Million Operations Per Second,百万次操作/秒)MP(Multi-Processing,多重处理器架构)MPF(Micro processor Forum,微处理器论坛)MPU(Microprocessor Unit,微处理器)MPS(MultiProcessor Specification,多重处理器规范)MSRs(Model-Specific Registers,特别模块寄存器)MSV(Multiprocessor Specification Version,多处理器规范版本)NAOC(no-account OverClock,无效超频)NI(Non-Intel,非英特尔)NOP(no operation,非操作指令)NRE(Non-Recurring Engineering charge,非重複性工程費用)OBGA(Organic Ball Grid Arral,有机球状网阵排列)OCPL(Off Center Parting Line,远离中心部分线队列)OLGA(Organic Land Grid Array,有机平面网阵包装)OoO(Out of Order,乱序执行)OPC(Optical Proximity Correction,光学临近修正)OPGA(Organic Pin Grid Array,有机塑料针型栅格阵列)OPN(Ordering Part Number,分类零件号码)PAT(Performance Acceleration Technology,性能加速技术)PBGA(Plastic Pin Ball Grid Array,塑胶球状网阵排列)PDIP (Plastic Dual-In-Line,塑料双重直线)PDP(Parallel Data Processing,并行数据处理)PGA(Pin-Grid Array,引脚网格阵列),耗电大PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip Carriers,塑料行间芯片运载)Post-RISC(加速RISC,或后RISC)PR(Performance Rate,性能比率)PIB(Processor In a Box,盒装处理器)PM(Pseudo-Multithreading,假多线程)PPGA(Plastic Pin Grid Array,塑胶针状网阵封装)PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package,塑料方块平面封装)PSN(Processor Serial numbers,处理器序列号)QFP(Quad Flat Package,方块平面封装)QSPS(Quick Start Power State,快速启动能源状态)RAS(Return Address Stack,返回地址堆栈)RAW(Read after Write,写后读)REE(Rapid Execution Engine,快速执行引擎)Register Contention(抢占寄存器)Register Pressure(寄存器不足)Register Renaming(寄存器重命名)Remark(芯片频率重标识)Resource contention(资源冲突)Retirement(指令引退)RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computing,精简指令集计算机)ROB(Re-Order Buffer,重排序缓冲区)RSE(register stack engine,寄存器堆栈引擎)RTL(Register Transfer Level,暫存器轉換層。
access 访问address 地址address bus 地址总线address decoder 地址译码器address register (AR) 地址寄存器addressing mode 寻址方式American standard code for information interchange (ASCII) 美国标准信息交换码analog-digital conversion(ADC) 模数转换arbiter 仲裁机构arithmetic logical unit (ALU) 算术逻辑单元assembler 汇编auxiliary storage 辅助存储器binary 二进制binary coded decimal(BCD) 二进制编码的十进制数bit 位block carry look ahead (BCLA) 成组先行进位电路buffer 缓冲bus 总线byte 字节cache 高速缓冲存储器carry generate function 进位产生函数carry propagate function 进位传递函数cathode ray tube (CRT) 阴极射线管central process unit(CPU) 中央处理器channel 通道charge couple device (CCD) 电荷耦合器件compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) 只读光盘compiler 编译程序complex instruction set computer (CISC) 复杂指令系统计算机computer aided design(CAD) 计算机辅助设计computer aided instruction (CAI) 计算机辅助教学computer aided manufacturing(CAM)计算机辅助制造computer aided test(CAT) 计算机辅助测试computer organization 计算机组成controller 控制器coprocessor 协处理器cyclic redundancy code (CRC) 循环冗余校验码data bus 数据总线data register (DR) 数据寄存器database management system (DBMS) 数据库管理系统database 数据库decimal 十进制deflection coil 偏转线圈desktop computer 台式计算机destination operand 目的操作数digital camera 数字照相机digital-analog conversion (DAC) 数模转换direct memory access (DMA) 直接存储器存取display 显示器dot pitch 点距dots per inch (dpi) 每英寸点数dynamic random access memory (DRAM) 动态随机存储器effective address (EA) 有效地址electrically erasable programmable read only memory(EEPROM) 电擦除可编程只读存储器electronic design automation (EDA) 电子设计自动化erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) 可擦编程只读存储器even parity 奇校验excess-3 code 余3 码expansion bus speed 扩展总线速度exponent 阶码extended industry standard architecture (EISA) 扩展工业标准结构firmware 固件fixed point numbers 定点数flag register (FR) 标志寄存器floating point numbers 浮点数flow chart 流程图flyback transformer 回转变压器full adder (FA) 全加器general register (GR) 通用寄存器general-purpose computer 通用计算机gray code 格雷码hardware 硬件hexadecimal 十六进制immediate operand 立即数industrial standard architecture(ISA) 工业标准总线ink-jet printer 喷墨打印机input 输入input device 输入设备instruction 指令instruction cycle 指令周期instruction decoder (ID) 指令译码器instruction register(IR) 指令寄存器instruction set 指令系统interface 接口interpreter 解释程序interrupt 中断interrupt flip-flop 中断触发器interrupt mask register (IMR) 中断屏蔽寄存器interrupt priority level 中断优先级interrupt request register (IRR) 中断请求寄存器interrupt response 中断响应interrupt service register (ISR) 中断服务寄存器interrupt source 中断源keyboard 键盘large scale integration (LSI)大规模集成电路laser printer 激光打印机last in first out (LIFO) 后进先出least recently used(LRU) 近期最少使用(算法)light emitting diode (LED) 发光二极管liquid crystal display (LCD) 液晶显示器machine instruction 机器指令machine language 机器语言magnetic disk 磁盘mainframe 大型机,主机mantissa 尾数mean time between failures (MTBF) 平均无故障时间memory 存储器memory bus speed 内存总线速度memory location 存储单元memory management unit (MMU) 存储器管理单元memory size 存储容量microcomputer 微型机microinstruction 微指令microprocessor 微处理器microprogram 微程序million floating point operations per second (MFLOPS) 每秒百万次浮点运算million instructions per second (MIPS) 每秒百万条指令minicomputer 小型机mnemonics 助记符model 模monochrome monitor 单色显示器mouse 鼠标notebook 笔记本object program 目标程序octal 八进制odd parity 偶校验one’s complement 反码operating system (OS) 操作系统operation code (OP) 操作码operand 操作数optical character reader (OCR) 光学字符阅读机optical disk 光盘output 输出output device 输出设备overflow 溢出paged virtual memory 页式虚拟存储器peripheral component interconnect(PCI) 外围设备互联peripheral device 外围设备personal computer (PC) 个人计算机personal digital assistant (PDA) 个人数字助理pipeline 流水线plasma display panel(PDP) 等离子显示器pop 出栈printer 打印机priority 优先权program counter 程序计数器program status word (PSW) 程序状态字寄存器programmable read only memory (PROM) 可编程序的只读存储器programming 程序设计push 进栈random access memory (RAM) 随机存储器read only memory (ROM) 只读存储器reduced instruction set computer (RISC) 精简指令系统refresh 刷新register 寄存器scanner 扫描仪sector 扇区segment virtual memory 段式虚拟存储器shadow masks 点状阴罩software 软件source operand 源操作数source program 源程序special purpose computer 专业计算机stack 堆栈stack pointer (SP) 堆栈指针static random access memory (SRAM) 静态随机存储器string 字符串stylus printer 针式打印机supercomputer 巨型机supply voltage 工作电压track 磁道trigger 触发器true value 真值complementary code 补码very large scale integration(VLSI) 超大规模集成电路virtual memory 虚拟存储器word length 字长work station 工作站write once read many (WORM) 只写一次型(光盘)。
二,计算机组成原理中英对照篇Computer systems consist of hardware and software. Hardware is the physical part of the system. Once designed,hardware is difficult and expensive to change. Software is the set of programs that instruct the hardware and is easier to modify than hardware.计算机系统由硬件和软件组成。
硬件是系统的物理部分。
硬件一旦设计完毕,要修改是困难的,并且花费也大。
软件是指挥硬件的程序集合,比硬件容易修改。
Every computer has four basic hardware components:每台计算机都有如下4种基本硬件部件:? Input devices. 输入设备? Output devices. 输出设备? Main memory. 主存储器? Central processing unit(CPU).中央处理器A PROCESSOR 处理器A processor is composed of two functional units—a control unit and an arithmetic/logic unit—and a set of special workspaces called registers.处理器由两个功能部件(控制部件和算术逻辑部件)与一组称为寄存器的特殊工作空间组成。
The Control Unit 控制部件The Arithmetic and Logic Unit 算术逻辑部件Registers 寄存器MEMORY SYSTEMS 存储系统Memory Devices 存储器RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY 随机存储器READ-ONLY MEMORY 只读存储器MAGNETIC DISKS 磁盘CD-ROMS 只读光盘MAGNETIC TAPE 磁带INPUT/OUTPUT SYSTEM 输入输出(I/O系统)Programmed I/O(程序控制I/O)Programmed I/O,also known as direct I/O,is accomplished by a program executing on the processor itself to control the I/O operations and transfer the data.程序控制I/O,又称直接I/O,由在处理器上执行的程序去控制I/O操作和传送数据。
Memory-Mapped I/O(存储器映射I/O)Memory-Mapped I/O is another form of programmed I/O that maps the device connections to bits in memory address space,存储器映射I/O是另一种程序控制I/O,它把I/O设备连接映射成存储器地址空间中的位组,Interrupt I/O(中断I/O)Because of the low efficiency of pure programmed or memory-mapped I/O in high-performance system,so interrupt is produced.由于对高性能系统来说纯程序控制I/O或存储器映射I/O的效率都很低,所以又出现了中断方式。
Coprocessor I/O(协处理器I/O)When the processor is being used to control I/O and move the data,there is a loss of processor efficiency. Thus the idea naturally arises to use a second processor or coprocessor for I/O.当处理器用于控制I/O和传送数据时,其效率下降。
因而自然会想到用第二个处理器或协处理器去处理I/O。
I/O devices 输入输出设备:1.INTERACTIVE INPUT 交互性输入2.DIRECT INPUT 直接输入3.SPEECH RECOGNITION 语音识别4.SENSOR INPUT 传感器输入5.DISPLAY OUTPUTS 显示输出6.PRINTERS FOR DOCUMENT OUTPUTS 文本打印机BUSES AND CONTROLLERS 总线和控制器Centralized Control.A single hardware control unit will recognize a request and grant access to the bus to a requesting device.It is the responsibility of the controller to resolve simultaneous requests and assign priority to the requests.At least three designs are used for centralized controllers:daisy chain,polling with a global counter,and polling with local counters.集中式控制。
用一个控制器硬件去识别总线请求并允许请求设备去访问总线。
该控制器的责任是处理同时来的多个请求并对这些请求安排优先级。
集中式控制器至少有3种方式:菊花链式、带全局计数器的轮询和带局部计数器的轮询。
Distributed Control.Distributed control,also known as decentralized control,distributes the control function between all the devices on the bus.The major advantage of decentralized control is that the system is easily expandable by the addition of modules.As with centralized control,there are three basic designs:daisy chain,polling,and independent requests.分布式控制。
分布式控制又称分散式控制,它把控制功能分布在总线上的所有设备中。
分散式控制的主要优点是通过增加模块使系统容易扩充。
与集中式控制一样,分散式控制也有3种基本方式:菊花链、轮询和独立请求。
Synchronous Communication. 同步通信Asynchronous Communication. 异步通信三,计算机术语-编程语言篇api(application programming inte***ces,应用程序接口)ascii(american standard code for information interchange,美国国家标准信息交换代码)atl: activex template library(activex模板库)basic:beginner's all-purpose symbolic instruction code(初学者通用指令代码)com: component object model(组件对象模式)dna: distributed internet application(分布式因特网应用程序)mfc: microsoft foundation classes(微软基础类库)sdk(software development kit,软件开发工具包)windowsce(consumer electronics,消费电子)dcom: distributing component object model,构造物体模块dhcp: dynamic host configuration protocol,动态主机分配协议dmf: distribution media formatgdi(graphics device inte***ce,图形设备接口)gui(graphics user inte***ce,图形用户界面)gpf(general protect fault,一般保护性错误)hta: hypertext application,超文本应用程序inf file(information file,信息文件)ini file(initialization file,初始化文件)ndis: network driver inte***ce specification,网络驱动程序接口规范nt(new technology,新技术)qos: quality of service,服务质量rrvp: resource reservation protocol(资源保留协议)rtos(real time operating systems,实时操作系统)sbfs: *** boot flag specification,简单引导标记规范vefat: virtual file allocation table(虚拟文件分配表)(vxd,virtual device drivers,虚拟设备驱动程序)wdm(windows driver model,视窗驱动程序模块)winsock: windows socket,视窗套接口whql: windows hardware quality labs,windows硬件质量实验室whs: windows Xing host,视窗脚本程序zam: zero administration for windows,零管理视窗系统加密ecc: elliptic curve crypto(椭圆曲线加密)set: secure electronic transaction(安全电子交易)语言css: cascading style sheets,层叠格式表dcd: X content deXion for xml: xml文件内容描述dtd: X type definition,文件类型定义html(hypertext markup language,超文本标记语言)jvm: X virtual machine, X虚拟机oji: open X vm inte***ce,开放X虚拟机接口sgml: standard generalized markup language,标准通用标记语言smil: synchronous multimedia integrate language(同步多媒体集成语言)vrml:virtual reality makeup language,虚拟现实结构化语言vxml(voice extensible markup language,语音扩展标记语言)xml: extensible markup language(可扩展标记语言)xsl: extensible style sheet language(可扩展设计语言)四,计算机术语-服务器/Server篇c2c: card-to-card interleaving,卡到卡交错存取cc-numa(cache-coherent non uniform memory access,连贯缓冲非统一内存寻址)chrp(common hardware reference platform,共用硬件平台,ibm为powerpc制定的标准,可以兼容mac os, windows nt, solaris, os/2,linux和aix等多种操作系统)emp: emergency management port,紧急事件管理端口icmb: inter-chassis management bus, 内部管理总线mpp(massive parallel processing,巨量平行处理架构)mux: data path multiplexor,多重路径数据访问五,计算机术语-打印机和扫描仪篇打印机 / Printeraas(automatic area seagment?)dpi(dot per inch,每英寸的打印像素)ecp(extended capabilities port,延长能力端口)epp(enhanced parallel port,增强形平行接口)ipp(internet printing protocol,因特网打印协议)ppm(*** per minute,页/分)spp(standard parallel port,标准并行口)tet(text enhanced technology,文本增强技术)usbdcdpd(universal serial bus device class definition for printing devices,打印设备的通用串行总线级标准)vd(variable dot,变点式列印)扫描仪 / Scannertwain(toolkit without an interesting name)协议六,计算机术语-磁盘和光驱篇磁盘 / Diskaat(average access time,平均存取时间)abs(auto balance system,自动平衡系统)asmo(advanced storage magneto-optical,增强形光学存储器)ast(average seek time,平均寻道时间)ata(at attachment,at扩展型)atomm(advanced super thin-layer and high-output metal media,增强形超薄高速金属媒体)bps(bit per second,位/秒)cam(common access model,公共存取模型)css(common command set,通用指令集)dma(direct memory access,直接内存存取)dvd(digital video disk,数字视频光盘)eide(enhanced integrated drive electronics,增强形电子集成驱动器)fat(file allocation tables,文件分配表)fdbm(fluid dynamic bearing motors,液态轴承马达)fdc(floppy disk controller,软盘驱动器控制装置)fdd(floppy disk driver,软盘驱动器)gmr(giant magnetoresistive,巨型磁阻)hda(head disk assembly,磁头集合)hifd(high-capacity floppy disk,高容量软盘)ide(integrated drive electronics,电子集成驱动器)lba(logical block addressing,逻辑块寻址)mbr(master boot record,主引导记录)mtbf(mean time before failure,平均故障时间)pio(programmed input output,可编程输入输出模式)prml(partial response maximum likelihood,最大可能部分反应,用于提高磁盘读写传输率)rpm(rotation per minute,转/分)rsd: removable storage device(移动式存储设备)scsi(small computer system inte***ce,小型计算机系统接口)scma:scsi configured auto magically,scsi自动配置s.m.a.r.t.(self-monitoring, analysis and reporting technology,自动监测、分析和报告技术)sps(shock protection system,抗震保护系统)sta(scsi trade association,scsi同业公会)ultra dma(ultra direct memory access,超高速直接内存存取)lvd(low voltage differential)seagate硬盘技术discwizard(磁盘控制软件)dst(drive self test,磁盘自检程序)seashield(防静电防撞击外壳)光驱 CD-Romatapi(at attachment packet inte***ce)bcf(boot catalog file,启动目录文件)bif(boot image file,启动映像文件)cdr(cd recordable,可记录光盘)cd-rom/xa(cd-rom extended architecture,唯读光盘增强形架构)cdrw(cd-rewritable,可重复刻录光盘)clv(constant linear velocity,恒定线速度)dae(digital audio extraction,数据音频抓取)ddss(double dynamic suspension system,双悬浮动态减震系统)ddss ii(double dynamic suspension system ii,第二代双层动力悬吊系统)pcav(part constant angular velocity,部分恒定角速度)vcd(video cd,视频cd)七,IT行业手机词汇中英文对照篇bluetooth:蓝牙技术(无线耳机接听)Wi-Fi:wireless Fidelity 无线保真(即“小灵通”所采用的技术)Hi-Fi: High Fldelity 高保真3-G:Generation Three 第三代PHS:Personal Handyphone System 个人手提移动电话系统Walkie-Talkie:步话机Gotone:全球通------这个应该太熟悉不过了吧GPS:Global Positioning System 全球定位系统Monternet:Mobile+Internet 移动梦网---我们这儿有,不知道大家那有没有,我还有梦网邮箱GPRS:General Packet Radio Service 通用分组无线业务--这个很重要哦,要掌握SMS:Short Message Service 短信服务---------最最流行的serviceMMS:Multi-media Messaging Service 多媒体信息服务SIM卡:Subscriber Identity Module 客户身份识别卡-------现在知道SIM的全称是什么了吧,GSM:Global System For Mobile Communications 全球移动通信系统WAP:Wireless Application Protocol 无线应用协议(即使手机具有上网功能)PAS:Personal Access System 个人接入系统(如“小灵通”)CDMA:Code Division Multiple Access 码多分址-------超级重点哦pre-paid Phone Card:储值卡Roaming:漫游Voice Prompt:语音提示WLANs:Wireless Local Area Networks 无线局域网DV:Digital Video 数码摄像机3-D:Three-Dimension 三维LCD:Liquid Crystal Display 液晶显示八,计算机术语-主板Main Board篇(上)adimm(advanced dual in-line memory modules,高级双重内嵌式内存模块)amr(audio/modem riser;音效/调制解调器主机板附加直立插卡)aha(accelerated hub architecture,加速中心架构)ask ir(amplitude shift keyed infra-red,长波形可移动输入红外线)atx: at extend(扩展型at)bios(basic input/output system,基本输入/输出系统)cse(configuration space enable,可分配空间)db: device bay,设备插架dmi(desktop management inte***ce,桌面管理接口)eb(expansion bus,扩展总线)eisa(enhanced industry standard architecture,增强形工业标准架构) emi(electromagnetic interference,电磁干扰)escd(extended system configuration data,可扩展系统配置数据)fbc(frame buffer cache,帧缓冲缓存)firewire(火线,即ieee1394标准)fsb: front side bus,前置总线,即外部总线fwh( firmware hub,固件中心)gmch(graphics & memory controller hub,图形和内存控制中心)gpis(general purpose inputs,普通操作输入)ich(input/output controller hub,输入/输出控制中心)ir(infrared ray,红外线)irda(infrared ray,红外线通信接口可进行局域网存取和文件共享)isa: industry standard architecture,工业标准架构isa(instruction set architecture,工业设置架构)mdc(mobile daughter card,移动式子卡)mrh-r(memory repeater hub,内存数据处理中心)mrh-s(sdram repeater hub,sdram数据处理中心)mth(memory transfer hub,内存转换中心)ngio(next generation input/output,新一代输入/输出标准)p64h(64-bit pci controller hub,64位pci控制中心)pcb(printed circuit board,印刷电路板)pcba(printed circuit board assembly,印刷电路板装配)pci: peripheral component interconnect,互连外围设备pci sig(peripheral component interconnect special interest group,互连外围设备专业组)post(power on self test,加电自测试)rng(random number generator,随机数字发生器)九,计算机术语-主板Main Board篇(下)rtc: real time clock(实时时钟)kbc: keybroad control(键盘控制器)sap: sideband address port(边带寻址端口)sba: side band addressing(边带寻址)sma: share memory architecture(共享内存结构)std: suspend to disk(磁盘唤醒)str: suspend to ram(内存唤醒)svr: switching voltage regulator(交换式电压调节)usb: universal serial bus(通用串行总线)usdm: unified system diagnostic manager(统一系统监测管理器)vid: voltage identification definition(电压识别认证)vrm: voltage regulator module(电压调整模块)zif: zero insertion force(零插力)acops: automatic cpu overheat prevention system(cpu过热预防系统) siv: system information viewer(系统信息观察)esdj: easy setting dual jumper(简化cpu双重跳线法)upt: usb、panel、link、tv-out(四重接口)acpi: advanced configuration and power inte***ce(先进设置和电源管理) agp: accelerated graphics port(图形加速接口)i/o: input/output(输入/输出)mioc: memory and i/o bridge controller(内存和i/o桥控制器)nbc: north bridge chip(北桥芯片)piix: pci isa/ide accelerator(加速器)pse36: page size extension 36-bit(36位页面尺寸扩展模式)pxb: pci expander bridge,pci(增强桥)rcg: ras/cas generator,ras/cas(发生器)sbc: south bridge chip(南桥芯片)smb: system management bus(全系统管理总线)spd: serial presence detect(内存内部序号检测装置)ssb: super south bridge(超级南桥芯片)tdp: triton data path(数据路径)tsc: triton system controller(系统控制器)qpa: quad port acceleration(四接口加速)。