英语阅读期末复习单词+翻译+单复数形式

七年级英语上册复习资料Starter Units 1—3重点词汇：morning afternoon how finename list what maporange jacket key quiltpen ruler spell pleasecolor red yellow greenblue black white the重点短语：早上好下午好晚上好谢谢你Me too。

You too.in English black and white重点句型:1、Good morning ，Alice！2、Hello ，Frank ！Good morning , Cindy! Hi ，Cindy ！How are you ?3、Good evening ,Alice！I’m fine ，thanks 。

Good afternoon ,Eric!4、What’s this in English？5、What's this ?It’s a key . It’s V。

Spell it ,please。

What color is it ?K—E-Y。

It’s red 。

重点语法:1、五个元音字母及其在开音节和闭音节中的发音规则；2、指示代词(this that these those)的用法与区别。

Unit 1 My name’s Gina。

重点词汇:clock nice meet questionanswer look first lastboy girl telephone phonecard familyNumbers 0—9 . 重点短语：telephone number phone numberfirst name last name family name身份证What's = I'm= name’s =重点句型:1、What’s your name ?2、What’s his name？My name’s Jenny 。

六年级上册期末复习一、时态复习1.一般现在时定义：经常发生的动作或现在的状态结构：主语+be/主语+动词注意：第三人称单数be动词用is，动词+s/es否定：主语+be+not 或主语+don't/doesn’t+doShe is=She’s He is=He’s I am=I’m We are=We’reis not=isn't are not=aren't am not不能缩写一般疑问句：①有be动词的情况下将be动词提前②动词用助动词do/does提问注意：改为一般疑问句时，第一人称要改为第二人称时间状语：never、seldom、sometimes、usually、often、always例：①My mother often goes shopping.→改为否定句：My mother often doesn't go shopping.→改为一般疑问句：Does your mother often go shopping？②I get up at 7 o'clock every day.→改为否定句：I don't get up at 7 o'clock every day.→改为一般疑问句：Do you get up at 7 o'clock every day?③Millie is a student.→改为否定句：Millie isn't a student.→改为一般疑问句：is Millie a student？2.现在进行时定义：现在正在做或正在发生的动作结构：is/am/are+doing否定：isn't/aren’t/am not+doing时间状语：Look！Listen！now、There be...over there、where is/are sb.?例：③Look！The girl is dancing.→改为否定句：Look！The girl isn’t dancing.②——Where’s mom, Dad?——Maybe she is cooking dinner in the kitchen.3.一般过去时定义：过去某个时间点发生的动作结构：主语+was/were 或主语+动词过去式否定：主语+was not/were not=主语+wasn't/weren’t 或主语+didn't+do 一般疑问句：①有be动词的情况下将be动词提前②动词用助动词did提问注意：改为一般疑问句时，第一人称要改为第二人称时间状语：yesterday、last...、just now、...ago例：③I was ill yesterday.→改为否定句：I wasn't ill yesterday.→改为一般疑问句：Were you ill yesterday？②He went to zoo with his parents last weekend.→改为否定句：He didn't go to zoo with his parents last weekend.→改为一般疑问句：Did he go to zoo with his parents last weekend？4.一般将来时定义：将来的计划或者打算结构：主语+is/am/are going to be或主语+is/am/are going to do否定：isn’t/aren’t/am not going to一般疑问句：be动词直接提前注意：改为一般疑问句时，第一人称要改为第二人称时间状语：next...、tomorrow例：①It is going to be Chinese New Year next week.→改为否定句：It isn’t going to be Chinese New Year next week.→改为一般疑问句：Is it going to be Chinese New Year next week？②I’m going to visit my grandparents tomorrow.→改为否定句：I’m not going to visit my grandparents tomorrow.→改为一般疑问句：Are you going to visit my grandparents tomorrow?二、易错点复习1.询问天气的两种句型：③what is/was the weather like?③How is/was the weather?2.There be句型③就近原则：be动词由后面的第一个名词决定③there be句型不能与have、has、had连用③there be +sb./sth.（即名词或代词）例：There is rain today.=It is rainy today.3.乘坐公共交通③take the/a bus to...=go to ...by bus=go to... on the bus4.home前面不加任何介词例：walk home drive home take a bus home5.will和shall的区别will表示将要，shall表示建议，shall一般用于疑问句表示提议，主语通常是we。

《商务英语阅读》期末考试复习资料一、词汇翻译题（课内词汇+课外高频商务词汇）1.entrepreneur 企业家2.specification 规格详述3.human resources 人力资源4.institution 机构5.orientation 方向，导向，新员工入职培训6.decline 消减，衰亡7.bonus 奖金unch 推出，投放市场munity 社区，共同体10.necessities （生活）必需品11.stock 股票12.liquidity 流动性，变现性13.risk 风险14.potential 潜在的15.act of God 不可抗力y off 使……下岗17.listed company 上市公司18.log on 登入、连接（上网）19.absolute interest 绝对产权20.keyboard skills 打字技能21.human resources 人力资源22.account for 解释某事物的原因，占……比例23.executive 高级管理人员，执行总裁24.logo 企业或公司等专用的标记、标识25.administration 管理26.budget 预算27.feasible 可行的28.industry 产业，行业29.ingredient 成分，要素30.securities 证券mission 佣金32.dividend 股息，红利33.mature 到期，成熟34.accounts receivable 应收账款35.job description 岗位描述36.letter of intent 意向书37.living wage 基本生活工资38.bar code 条形码39.acid test 决定性的考验40.executive 高管，主管41.administrative expenses 行政管理费用42.jet lag 飞机时差反应43.customized 用户化的，按客户要求定制的44.keep-fit market 保健市场45.lecture theatre 梯形教室，梯形报告厅46.local adaptation 本土化47.balance sheet 资产负债表48.benefits package 福利套餐,整体福利49.bill of lading 提单、提货单50.access fee 使用费二、单项选择题（课内）1.Factors of production refer to _______.A.natural resources and capitalbor and entrepreneursC.both A and B2.The structure of a large manufacturing company and that of a small service firmshould be __________.A. the sameB. differentC. similar3. Organization charts show employees where they ______.A. start their workB. report to the bossC. fit into the company’s operation4. The basic management skills are ________.A.technical skills, human relations skills and conceptual skillsB.performing skills, marketing skills and planning skillsanizing skills, controlling skills and leading skills5. ________ programs include wages and salaries, incentives, and benefit forworkers.A. CompensationB. MarketingC. Orientation6. The firm’s ________ covers all the products it offers for sale.A. product lineB. product lifeC. product mix7. A nation’s ______ is the difference between the flow of money into and outof the nation.A.balance of tradeB.balance of paymentsC.payment of balance8. China is in the _______ regional economy.A. North AmericaB. EuropeC. Asia/Pacific9. A corporation can also obtain equity financing by selling securities directlyto current stockholders. “Equity” here means ______.A. reasonable qualityB. ordinary stocks and sharesC. principles of equality10.Most short-term financing is unsecured. “unsecured” here means _______.A.no interest chargeB.no collateral is requiredC.no bank loans11.The funds needed to operate an enterprise are referred to as _______.A.capitalB.resourcesbor12. Organization charts show employees where they ______.A. start their workB. report to the bossC. fit into the company’s operation13. The basic management skills are ________.A.technical skills, human relations skills and conceptual skillsB.performing skills, marketing skills and planning skillsanizing skills, controlling skills and leading skills14. ________ programs include wages and salaries, incentives, and benefit forworkers.A. CompensationB. MarketingC. Orientation15. The firm’s ________ covers all the products it offers for sale.A. product lineB. product lifeC. product mix16. _______ may be established based on costs, demands, the competitions’prices,or some combination of these.A. ProductsB. BrandsC. Prices17. A nation’s ______ is the difference between the flow of money into and outof the nation.A.balance of tradeB.balance of paymentsC.payment of balance18. China is in the _______ regional economy.A. North AmericaB. EuropeC. Asia/Pacific19.People can buy stocks from _____.A.securities marketsB. a secure marketC.financial markets20. High-risk investment techniques can provide greater returns, but they entailgreater risk of loss. “Entail” here means _________.A. retailB. investC. involve（答案自己在书上找）三、阅读理解题（课外）Passage 1Global Recession Hits the Developing WorldBoth the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund expect the world economy to shrink this year for the first time since World War Two. As recently as January, the I.M.F. had predicted growth of one-half percent. But this week its chief, Dominique Strauss-Kahn, said the world has entered what he called “a great recession”.A new World Bank report says the recession may hurt the developing world the most. Those countries depend on trade for economic growth. But world trade is expected to fall at the fastest rate in eighty years.East Asia has been hardest hit. In February, exports from China fell twenty-six percent from a year ago.Rich nations are expected to borrow heavily in world credit markets to finance spending at home. But investors are demanding very high returns if they are willing to lend to the developing world at all. Jeff Chelsky, a World Bank senior economist, says investors are avoiding higher risk debt in a flight to quality.The bank estimates that up to three trillion dollars of public and private loans in developing countries must be repaid this year. Some nations have enough foreign currency reserves, but others will struggle to find new financing to pay their existing debts.The World Bank estimates that developing nations will need between two hundred seventy and seven hundred billion dollars in financing. The amount depends on the depth of the recession.The I.M.F. is seeking to expand its lending ability. And World Bank President Robert Zoellick has called on rich nations to put some of their economic recovery spending into a crisis fund to help poor countries.Bank economist Jeff Chelsky says the poorest countries are in the greatest danger. They cannot borrow in credit markets and they depend on exports of commodities like crops or minerals. But falling commodity prices mean they now depend more than ever on foreign aid.Finance ministers and central bankers from major industrial and developing countries meet this weekend outside London to discuss the financial crisis. President Obama wants all countries in the Group of Twenty to coordinate their separate efforts to strengthen their economies.There was some good news this week, including better-than-expected reports on spending by Americans in January and February. And financial stocks rose after Citigroup reported a profit for those two months.And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario Ritter. I'm Steve Ember.1. According to the passage, the world economy will _______ for the first timethis year since the World War Two.A. developB. growC. expandD. become smaller2. _______may be hurt the most by the recession.A. the developing worldB. the developed countriesC. the rich countriesD. Asian countries3. Who are easier to borrow money in the world credit market?A. Rich nationsB. Poor countriesC. the World BankD. the International Monetary Fund4. What does the underlined “flight”mean in the fourth paragraph?A. travelB. flyingC. escapeD. movement through the air5.___________ has called on rich nations to help poor countries.A. President ObamaB. President Robert ZoellickC. Jeff ChelskyD. the International Monetary FundPassage 2A Rough Road for ToyotaToyota became the world's largest automaker in two thousand eight. But after years of building loyalty, the Japanese company may have put its quality brand name at risk, at least temporarily.Toyota is recalling millions of cars and trucks around the world because of cases where vehicles have sped up unexpectedly. Last August, a driver in California was unable to stop. The crash killed him and three of his family members.Toyota says the problem is rare and caused by accelerator pedals becoming stuck open. On January twenty-sixth, the company suspended sales of eight of its top-selling vehicles in the United States, its largest market. Toyota dealers have been receiving parts to make repairs.General Motors and Ford both reported increased sales in January. But Toyota sales in the United States have fallen, and so has its stock price. Toyota says it expects costs and lost sales from its recent safety recalls to total two billion dollars by the end of March.Louis Lataif spent twenty-seven years in the car industry at Ford. Now he is dean of the School of Management at Boston University.LOUIS LATAIF: “It’s Toyota’s biggest such recall. It’s voluntary incidentally, it’s not mandated. So, in that respect, they are doing something fairly bold, namely, taking the hit of shutting production and correcting the vehicles that are in inventory on which they have stopped sales.”A recall late last year involved floor mats that Toyota said could cause the accelerator to get stuck. One of the vehicles in the floor mat recall was the Prius, the world’s top selling hybrid.Now American officials are investigating the brake system on the twenty ten Prius. The Transportation Department says it has received more than one hundred twenty reports, including reports of four crashes.Toyota says it found a software problem that could briefly affect the “feel” of the anti-lock brakes on rough or slippery roads. It says it fixed the brake problem last month.But a growing number of legal cases claim Toyota knew for a long time about the sudden acceleration issue with other vehicles. The problem reportedly has led to more than eight hundred crashes and nineteen deaths in the past ten years. Congress is preparing for hearings.Greg Bonner is a marketing professor at Villanova University. He says to regain trust, Toyota will have to make public everything it knows about the problems and show it accepts responsibility.The recall has also intensified questions about all the computer control systems used in modern cars.6. Toyota may have put its quality brand name at risk because__________.A. vehicles have sped up unexpectedlyB. last August, a driver in California was unable to stop.C. Toyota is recalling millions of cars and trucks around the worldD. All of the above.7. Which of the following ways is not one Toyota solves its problem about accelerator pedals?A. Toyota stopped sales of eight of its top-selling vehicles in the UnitedStatesB. Toyota is recalling millions of cars and trucks around the worldC. Toyota increased salesD. Toyota dealers have been receiving parts to make repairs.8. Whose sales decreased in January?A. General MotorsB. FordC. General Motors and FordD. Toyota9. From what Louis Lataif said about Toyota, we can infer that _________.A. Toyota didn’t solve its problem positively.B. Louis Lataif didn’t think that Toyota solved its problem properly.C. Louis Lataif thought highly of Toyota’s way of solving its problem.D. Toyota couldn’t solve its problem.10. The underlined word in the last paragraph “intensify” means ________.A. increase in degreeB. decrease in degreeC. make the questions more tenseD. become more intensePassage 3Stock Sectors - How to Classify StocksOne of the ways investors classify stocks is by type of business. The idea is to put companies in similar industries together for comparison purposes. Most analysts and financial media call these groupings “sectors” and you will often read or hear about how certain sector stocks are doing.One of the most common classification breaks the market into 11 different sectors. Investors consider two of these sectors “defensive” and the remaining nine “cyclical.” Let’s look at these two categories and see what they mean for the individual investor.DefensiveDefensive stocks include utilities and consumer staples. These companies usually don’t suffer as much in a market downturn because people don’t stop using energy or eating. They provide a balance to portfolios and offer protection in a falling market.However, for all their safety, defensive stocks usually fail to climb with a rising market for the opposite reasons they provide protection in a falling market: people don’t use significantly more energy or eat more food.Defensive stocks do exactly what their name implies, assuming they are well run companies. They give you a cushion for a soft landing in a falling market.Cyclical stocksCyclical stocks, on the other hand, cover everything else and tend to react to a variety of market conditions that can send them up or down, however when one sector is going up another may be going down.Here is a list of the nine sectors considered cyclical:∙Basic Materials∙Capital Goods∙Communications∙Consumer Cyclical∙Energy∙Financial∙Health Care∙Technology∙TransportationMost of these sectors are self-explanatory. They all involve businesses you can readily identify. Investors call them cyclical because they tend to move up and down in relation to businesses cycles or other influences.Basic materials, for example, include those items used in making other goods – lumber, for instance. When the housing market is active, the stock of lumber companies will tend to rise. However, high interest rates might put a damper on home building and reduce the demand for lumber.How to UseStocks sectors are helpful sorting and comparison tools. Don’t get hung up on using just one organization’s set of sectors, though. uses slightly different sectors in its tools, which let you compare stocks within a sector.This is extremely helpful, since one of the ways to use sector information is to compare how your stock or a stock you may want to buy, is doing relative to other companies in the same sector.If all the other stocks are up 11% and your stock is down 8%, you need to find out why. Likewise, if the numbers are reversed, you need to know why your stock is doing so much better than others in the same sector –maybe its business model has changed and it shouldn’t be in that sector any longer.ConclusionYou never want to be making investment decisions in a vacuum. Using sector information, you can see how a stock is doing relative to its peers and that will help you understand whether you have a potential winner or loser.11. According to this passage, an investor should buy _____________in a falling market.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. technology stocksD. transportation stocks12. According to this passage, an investor should buy _____________in a rising market.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. stocks of utilitiesD. stocks of consumer staples13. ______________sectors belong to cyclical stocks.A. 11B.2C.9D.314. Utilities and consumer staples belong to _______________.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. technology stocksD. transportation stocks15. ___________tend to move up and down in relation to businesses cycles or other influences.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. stocks of utilitiesD. stocks of consumer staplesPassage 1America's biggest carmaker accepted fifty billion dollars in federal aid from the Obama and Bush administrations. People joked that GM meant "Government Motors." Now, General Motors could be on the road to recovery.The company recorded over two and a half billion dollars in profit in the first half of the year. The government still owns sixty-one percent of GM as a result of the bailout. Canada is also a shareholder. But now GM plans to sell stock to the public again.GM spent just forty days in bankruptcy. It sought protection from its creditors in June of last year. GM restructured. It discontinued some vehicles and closed dealerships and factories.In April, GM repaid almost seven billion dollars in government loans. Many of its creditors are waiting to see how much they get.GM plans an IPO, an initial public offering of stock, later this year. The company could raise as much as fifteen billion dollars.Chief executive Edward Whitacre is leaving September first. He wants the government to sell all of its shares in the company during the IPO. Many experts believe the Treasury will act slowly over time after the public offering is completed.If the stock price rises, the government could profit from the rescue. But the IPO is risky for the company. The offering will test the willingness of investors to take an equity share in the “new GM”.Buying equity is not like buying bonds. Bonds represent a loan. Equity represents ownership. Investors willing to buy equity shares in a company expect one thing -- growth.GM believes it can make that happen, in part with a new electric-and-gas hybrid.COMMERCIA L: “Chevy Volt, a car that can go up to forty miles before it uses any gas at all. That's an American revolution.”The Volt is expected to start arriving in showrooms later this year.GM is also looking overseas. The world's fastest growing car markets are in developing nations. GM is now selling more cars in China than in the United States. GM still leads the American market, though Toyota is now the biggest car company in the world.There are signs that America's big three may have put the worst of their recent troubles behind them.Chrysler also went through bankruptcy and says its sales are up. Italy's Fiat holds a twenty percent share.Ford Motor Company avoided bankruptcy and refused government help. Ford reported close to five billion dollars in profit for the first six months of the year.1. America’s biggest carmaker is _________________.A. ToyotaB. ChryslerC. GMD. Ford Motor Company2. GM stands for __________.A. Government MotorsB. General MotorsC. Both A and BD. Neither A Nor B3. People joked that GM meant “Government Motors” because _____________.A. The government still owns sixty-one percent of GM as a result of the bailout.B. They accepted fifty billion dollars in federal aid from the Obama and Bushadministrations.C. Both A and BD. Neither A Nor B4. Now, General Motors could be on the road to recovery. It plans ___________.A. to restructure.B. an IPO, an initial public offering of stock, later this yearC. to seek protection from its creditors.D. to discontinue some vehicles and closed dealerships and factories.5. According to the passage, what is not true about Chevy Volt?A. GM believes it will bring profit growth.B. It is a new electric-and-gas hybrid.C. It is a car that can go up to forty miles before it uses any gas at all.D. It has been produced.Passage 2The digital revolution, as exemplified by the Internet and electronic commerce, has shaken marketing practices to their core. In a recen t paper, Wharton’s Jerry Wind, director of the SEI Center for Advanced Studies in Management, and co-authorVijay Mahajan, a marketing professor at the College of Business Administration of the University of Texas at Austin, examine the impact of digital marketing on concepts like pricing, when customers can propose their own prices (), or buyers and sellers can haggle independently in auctions ().The paper provides an overview of some of the emerging realities and new rules of marketing in a digital world, and outlines what the new discipline of marketing may look like in the early part of the new century.To begin with, say the authors, the rapid-fire growth of the Internet is helping to drive changes. “It is not just our comp uters that are being reprogrammed; it is customers themselves,” says Wind. “These emerging cyber consumers are like an alien race that has landed in the midst of our markets. They have different expectations and different relationships with companies from which they purchase products and services.”For one thing, cyber consumers expect to be able to customize everything —from the products and services they buy and the information they seek, to the price they are willing to pay. And with digital technology opening new channels for gaining information, they are more knowledgeable and demanding than previous consumers. Digital customers can also sort products based on any desired attribute, price, nutritional value, or functionality, and they can easily obtain third-party endorsements and evaluations, tapping the experience of other users. “Companies that cannot meet their demands and expectations will be at a loss,” says Wind.Questions:6. The passage was most likely to be quoted from______.A.an overview of a paperB.an introduction to a bookC. a book on digital revolutionD. a paper discussing digital revolution7. The paper mentioned in this paper was written by______.A.Jerry WindB.Vijay MahajanC.Jerry Wind and Vijay MahajanD.an anonymous8. From the third paragraph, we can infer that______.A.the customers are also reprogrammed by computersB.e-business companies need be more knowledgeable about cyber consumersC.cyber consumers are a group of strange peopleD.cyber consumers came from outer space9. Compared with traditional customers, the emerging cyber consumers______.A.are more difficult to satisfyB.have less knowledge about businessC.have more problems with pricesD.are less willing to buy products and services10. What is mainly discussed in the passage? ______A.digital revolutionB.digital marketingC.cyber consumersD.the impact of digital marketing on concepts like pricingPassage 3Greece, economically, is in the black. With very little to export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from ‘invisible earnings’ to pay for its needed, growing imports. From the sending out of things the Greeks, earn only $285 million; from tourism, shipping and the remittances of Greeks abroad, the country takes in an additional #375 million and this washes out the almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.It has a balanced budget. Although more than one drachma out of four goes for defense, the government ended a recent year with a slight surplus -- $66 million. Greece has a decent reserve of almost a third of a billion dollars in gold and foreign exchange. It has a government not dependent on coalescing incompatible parties toobtain parliamentary majorities.In thus summarizing a few happy highlights, I don’t mean to minimize the vast extent of Greece’s problems. It is the poorest country by a wide margin in Free Europe, and poverty is widespread. At best an annual income of $60 to $70 is the lot of many a peasant, and substantial unemployment plagues the countryside, cities, and towns of Greece. There are few natural resources on which to build any substantial industrial base. Some years ago I wrote here:“Greek statesmanship will have to create an atmosphere in which home and foreign savings will willingly seek investment opportunities in the back ward economy of Greece. So far, most American and other foreign attempt have bogged down in the Greek government’s red tape and shrewdness about small points.”Great strides have been made. As far back as 1956, expanding tourism seemed a logical way to bring needed foreign currencies and additional jobs to Greece. At that time I talked with the Hilton Hotel people, who had been examining hotel possibilities, and to the Greek government division responsible for this area of the economy. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook.Today most of the incredibly varied, beautiful, historical sights of Greece have new, if in many cases modest, tourist facilities. Tourism itself has jumped from approximately $31 million to over $90 million. There is both a magnificent new Hilton Hotel in Athens and a completely modernized, greatly expanded Grande Bretagne, as well as other first-rate new hotels. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris or Rome –without the sky-high prices of traffic-choked streets of either.Questions:11. The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is_________.A. Greek income and expendituresB. The improving economic situation in GreeceC. The value of tourismD. Military expenditures12. Many peasants earn less than _________.A. $60 a weekB. $2 a weekC. $1 a dayD. $10 a month13. The Greek Government spends __________.A. more than 25%of its budget on military termsB. More than its collectsC. A third of a billion dollars in goldD. Less than 25% of its budget on military terms14. According to the passage, Greece has _________.A. a dictatorshipB. a monarchyC. a single majority partyD. too much red tape15. Greece imports annually goods and materials __________.A. totaling almost $700 millionB. that balance exportsC. that are paid by touristsD. costing $66 million四、篇章翻译题（课外）Passage A纳斯达克开设北京代表处随着各方吸引迅速增长的中国公司赴海外上市的争夺战愈演愈烈，纳斯达克(Nasdaq)昨日成为最新一个在北京开设代表处的全球证交所。

英语join in四年级上学期期末复习要点(一)一、单词与短语ride a cow骑牛blow a kiss飞吻ride away骑走bake a cake烤蛋糕catch a snake抓蛇shake your leg摇你的腿break an egg打鸡蛋street大街,街道clock(时)钟school学校bag袋,包football足球boy男孩have有bike自行车二、句型与英语现象1.名词的单复数（1）单数时要注意的问题当一个名词要表示单数意义时,可在这个名词前面加上one/a/an,如one dog, a dog;one egg,an egg.关于a和an：当名词首字母的发音是元音（a,e,i,o,u）,表示单数意义时,用an,如egg[eg]:anegg；apple,an apple;当名词首字母的发音是辅音,表示单数意义时,用a,如bag,a bag；pig,a pig等。

复习指导：可直接记一些前面加an的常见名词,如：apple, eye, egg, ear, orange等。

（2）复数时要注意的问题当一个名词要表示复数意义时：（教材中涉及到的,其它的隐藏了,有兴趣的同学可以了解,考试不作要求）√1)一般情况下,将普通名词后直接加s如：students, apples, bags, trees, books；√2)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es如：dresses, boxes；3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加es：city→cities, baby→babies,enemy→enemies；（本单元未涉及）4)以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f为v加es：wife→wives, knif→knives.但有些词只加s: roof→roofs, proof→proofs, chief→chiefs；(本单元未涉及)√5)以o结尾的名词,有些加es：tomato→tomatoes,potato→potatoes。

高中英语阅读理解长难句解析与翻译单选题40题1.The book that I bought yesterday which is very interesting is about history.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose答案：B。

本题考查定语从句。

先行词是The book，关系词在定语从句中作主语，先行词被that 引导的定语从句修饰，此时关系词只能用which。

整句话的意思是“我昨天买的那本非常有趣的书是关于历史的”。

2.The man with whom I talked just now is my teacher.A.thatB.whichC.whomD.who答案：C。

先行词是The man，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，介词with 提前，只能用whom。

这句话翻译为“刚才和我谈话的那个男人是我的老师”。

3.The house whose roof was damaged in the storm needs repairing.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose答案：D。

先行词是The house，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰roof，用whose。

意思是“屋顶在暴风雨中受损的那所房子需要修理”。

4.The girl who is sitting there is my sister.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who答案：D。

先行词是The girl，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用who。

可译为“坐在那里的那个女孩是我妹妹”。

5.The city where I was born is very beautiful.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where答案：D。

先行词是The city，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用where。

翻译为“我出生的那个城市非常美丽”。

6. When I arrived at the station, the train had already left. The underlined part is _.A. a noun clauseB. an adverbial clause of timeC. an adverbial clause of placeD. an adverbial clause of condition答案：B。

1. Globalization is the actual movement or potential to move across borders of nations in areas of trade, investment, technology, finance and labor.全球化在贸易、投资、科技、金融和劳务这些领域是一个潜在正在发生的跨越国界的趋势。

2. Globalization has resulted in increasing financial flows and trade between countries, as each country tries to establish itself into the global economy.因为每一个国家都尝试纳入到全球化经济体系中去，全球化导致了各个国家资金流动，贸易的不断增加。

3. The WTO is the main multilateral trading agreement, which provides a forum for countries to promote free trade and resolve trade disputes.世界贸易组织是一个主要的多边贸易协定，它为各国提供了一个讨论的场所旨在促进自由贸易，解决贸易争端的论坛。

4. OPEC used its control to artificially raise the oil prices in its member countries in 1973.在1973年，石油输出国组织人为的通过成员国抬高了油价。

5. The country’s economy has emerged from rece ssion for the reason that the government adopted some flexible policies.因为政府采取了一些灵活得政策，所以这个国家从经济萧条中走出来了。

《三年级》下册期末复习词汇卷班级________________________ 姓名____________________一、单词：U1: 1.一扇门_________ 2.一扇窗户_________ 3.一块黑板_________ 4.站起来_________5.坐下_________6.打开_________7.关上_________U2: 1.喊；叫_________ 2.吃_________ 3.跑步_________ 4.说话_________5.睡觉_________6.喝；饮_________U3:1.一个书包_________ 2.一支钢笔_________ 3.一支铅笔_________ 4.一支蜡笔_________5.一把尺子________6.一块橡皮_________7.一个笔袋_________U4:1.一只小鸟_________ 2.一张课桌_________ 3.一把椅子_________ 4.在……里面_________5.在……上面_________6.在……下面_________7.在……后面_________U5: 1.一 _________ 2.二_________ 3.三_________ 4.四_________5.五_________6.六_________7.七_________8.八_________9.九_________ 10.十_________U6:1.早餐_________ 2.午餐_________ 3.晚餐____________4.十一_________5.十二_________U7: 1.一只奶牛_________2.一头猪_________ 3.一只小鸡_________ 4.一只鸭________5.一个梨_________6.一个苹果_________7.一个桔子_________U8:1.叔叔_________ 2.阿姨_________ 3.一个男人_________ 4.一个妇女_________5.一个男孩________6.一个女孩_________7.一个婴儿_________二、词组：1.打开门______________2.进来_______________3.关窗户_______________4.look at the blackboard___________________5.listen to the parrot_________________6.say hello___________________7.off we go_______________________8.吃我的蛋糕__________________ 9.和我的牛奶______________________10.我的铅笔___________________ 11.你的铅笔_______________________12.在门旁边___________________ 13.在你的课桌下面__________________14.在门后面___________________ 15.在你的椅子上面__________________16.在我的课桌里面______________ 17.在树上（外来物）_________________18.给你的_____________________ 19.Here you are.____________________20.a toy car___________________ 21.wakeup________________________22.hurry up___________________ 23. what time _____________________24. on the farm________________ 25.look at my pictures________________26.from the farm_______________ 27.make ice cream for his mum__________28.我的叔叔___________________ 29.一个阿姨________________________30.两个妇女___________________ 31.七个男孩________________________32.十二个婴儿__________________ 33.mycousin________________________34.that little boy_______________ 35.alsosmall________________________36.a magic clock________________ 37.my puppy Joe_____________________38.a puppy show________________ 39.Draw twelve pictures._______________40.Cut out the doors._____________ 41. Stick the doors on._________________42.Cut out the hand._____________ 43.Pin on the hand.___________________44. Pin on a rubber.______________三、句型：写出中文。

PEP人教版五年级上册英语复习资料Unit 1重点句型谁是你的数学老师?Mr. Zha ng/ Miss White. 张先生/怀特小姐。

语法知识①辅音字母y在词尾，且属非重读音节发/ /。

如：happy baby funny windy sorry sunny但在my why fly中，在词尾发/ai/。

②Mr.—先生Miss—小姐（未婚）Mrs.—夫人（已婚）Ms.—女士（不指明婚否）注意：这四个称谓词后面只能跟人物的“姓”，而不是名字。

女口：Miss Zhou③探助记歌：我用am,你用are, is跟着他（he）、她（she卜它（it）；单数is，复数are 以is、are开头的一般疑问句，回答只有Yes或No两种。

—Is he strict? —Yes, he is. / No, he isn't. —Are you Jack? —Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.（注意人称的变化）Unit 2四会单词语法知识①字母组合ee, ea在单词中一般发/i:/。

如：tea green bee sheep see meet read但是在great中发/ei/，在bread中发/e/。

②介词in, on, at +时间，表示在某年或某月（当只有年和月的时候），用in。

如：in May，在五月。

in 2015,在2015年。

表示在某段时间（如在上午，下午，晚上），也用in。

^口：in the morning，in the after noon表示在某日，在星期几时，用on。

女口on Mon day，on Su nday, on the weeke nd表示在几点几分，在具体时间时，用at。

女口at 6:30, at 9 o'clock重点句型语法知识①ow发/au/“奥”的常见单词：cow flower wow dow n how now brow now发/ou “欧”的常见单词：slow snow yellow window tomorrow know探②常考的名词单数变复数：san dwich— san dwiches potato— potatoes tomato—tomatoescarrot—carrots can dy—can dies sheep— sheep重点句型注意主语人称变化：—Can you play the pipa? —Yes, I can. / No, I can'.—Can he play the pipa? —Yes, he can. / No, he cart.—Can your mother play the pipa? —Yes, she can. / No, she cah语法知识①字母ooI. 在字母d和k前发短音/ /。

孩子们的英语单词⑴ 孩子们的英语单词怎么读孩子，是复child；孩子们，是制children孩子child 的音标读音是 [tʃaɪld]。

中文读音：切阿尔德(前三个字念得快一点)孩子们children 的音标读音是 ['tʃɪldrən]。

中文读音：切尔君(注：君，其实是德瑞因三个字以很快的速度读出来的音)⑵ 儿童的英文单词怎么说儿童的英文：children一、children 读法英 [ˈtʃɪldrən] 美 [ˈtʃɪldrən]1、作名词的意思：儿童;孩子们(child的复数);膝下;孥二、短语：1、wife and children妻儿2、number of children孩子数目，儿童数量；子女人数3、children of god上帝之子（70年代一个基督教原教旨主义教派）4、dependent children受抚养子女5、disadvantaged children不幸儿童；生活条件差的儿童三、例句：1、Childrenbetohaveenoughtimeto dowhattheylike.孩子们应该被允许有足够的时间做他们喜欢的事。

(2)孩子们用英语怎么读单词扩展阅读children的近义词：familyfamily的用法：1、family的意思是“家庭”,指“家庭全体成员”时,为集合名词,作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。

作为“家庭整体”看待时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

谓语动词无论是单数形式还是复数形式,family都应该用复数代词指代。

2、family有时可作“子女,孩子”解,此时不含父母,是单数名词,但可与不定冠词a或an连用。

3、family, dwelling, home, house, residence这五个词都有“家,家庭,家宅”的意思。

其区别在于:home指某人出生以及成长的环境或与某人一起居住的地方; dwelling为文学用语,用以同商店、办公室及其他建筑物相区别的住宅;family指的是家庭成员,与居住地无关; house强调人们居住的建筑物本身; residence常指周围大片土地的宅邸,也可指普通的房屋,尤其是自己的住宅。

大学英语期末考试复习参考资料英语期末考试复习参考资料一、范围：1、阅读部分：一篇出自于阅读赏析，一篇出自于综合训练(U1-U7)2、词性变换：主要来源于综合训练上的有关词汇练习的部分（U1-U7）3、翻译句子：主要来源于课本structure部分、课本翻译练习、课后翻译作业等。

考试非整句翻译，以补全句子的形式进行考查。

课本翻译练习和课后翻译作业由于各人都有答案，所以请大家自行整理复习。

由于时间仓促等原因，若大家发现下列内容中有错误，请予以指出，谢谢！二、课本structure 部分句子整理：Unit1：一、考查现在分词，（课本P8）1、Turning to the right,you will find a path leading to the cottage. 往右转，你会发现一条通向农舍的小径。

2、Staring into space（发呆，发愣）, the small girl felt frustrated at what the teacher asked her.那个小女孩对于老师的发问感到灰心丧气，便只呆呆地愣着。

3、Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a beautiful sight.爬到塔的顶端，我们看到了美丽的景色。

二、考查倒装句。

（课本P8）1、Not only did learning another language teach me the value of hard work, but it also gave me insights into another culture.学习另一种语言不仅教给了我勤奋的价值，还给予我对另一种文明的洞察力。

2、Not only did we lose all our money , but we also came close to（差一点）losing our lives,我们不仅输了（丢了）我们所有的钱，还差点丢了我们的生命。