基于Mean-Shift算法的运动目标跟踪毕业设计

湖南工学院（本科）毕业设计论文

毕业设计说明书

基于Mean-Shift算法的运动目标跟踪

湖南工学院（本科）毕业设计论文

I 摘 要

作为计算机视觉的一个重要部分，智能视频监控技术不仅在政府和企业的广泛应用，随着社会的进步，家庭也在很大程度上离不开它，而智能视频监控方面的核心技术是运动目标的跟踪，从21世纪以来，伴随着信息科学技术的飞速发展，越来越多的研究者开始关注智能化视频监控系统中的移动目标跟踪算法的研究。尽管人们在20世纪就已经提出了很多有效的运动目标跟踪算法，但事实上，运动目标的跟踪技术在实现的过程中仍然是困难重重，例如背景的不稳定、目标跟踪过程中被遮挡、目标跟背景颜色相似等因素，都会很大程度上破坏跟踪效果，因此，要想设计出跟踪效果好的均值漂移算法仍然具有很大挑战性。

在本篇论文中，简要的介绍了一下运动目标跟踪技术的发展史（从第一次被提出，一直到该项技术应用到各个领域），运动目标跟踪技术经历了一个漫长的过程。本论文还提到了视频监控系统的结构框架，并分析了每一部分的原理；同时也研究了图像处理技术在智能化视频监控体系中的应用，主要包含数学形态学理论、图像的预处理和目标模型描述等。

对于智能化视频监控体系在实践中的应用，本论文采用的是Mean-Shift（均值漂移）跟踪算法，该算法是一项先进的运动目标跟踪技术。还详细分析了基于均值漂移算法在运动目标跟踪方面的应用，而且验证了Mean-Shift算法在实际应用中的收敛性【1】。对于均值漂移算法易出现的缺点，对其一一攻破，并且进行了多次仿真实验，结论表明:该算法的跟踪效果较好。

关键词：智能视频监控；视频图像处理；背景差分法；运动目标的跟踪；Mean-Shift算法

湖南工学院（本科）毕业设计论文

II ABSTRACT

As an important part of computer vision, intelligent video surveillance technology, not

only in government and enterprises a wide range of applications, with the progress of

society, the family also largely inseparable from it, and intelligent video surveillance

technology is a moving target core the track, from the 21st century, with the rapid

development of information science and technology, more and more researchers began to

focus on research in intelligent video surveillance system moving target tracking algorithm.

Although people in the 20th century has been proposed many effective moving target

tracking algorithm, but in fact, moving target tracking technology is still in the process of

realization is difficult, such as unstable background, target tracking process is blocked, the

target the background color is similar with other factors, will largely destroyed tracking

results, therefore, in order to design a good effect mean shift tracking algorithm still has a

great challenge.

In this paper, a brief introduction about the history of the moving target tracking

technology ( from the first to be made until the technology applied to various fields ),

moving target tracking technology has gone through a long process. The paper also

mentioned the structural frame of video surveillance systems, and analysis of the principle

of each part; also studied image processing technology in intelligent video surveillance

system consists mainly of mathematical morphology theory, image preprocessing and

objectives model description.

For the application of intelligent video surveillance system in practice, this thesis is the

Mean-Shift (mean shift) tracking algorithm, which is an advanced motion tracking

technology. Also a detailed analysis based on the mean shift algorithm in moving target

tracking application, and verify the Mean-Shift algorithm in the practical application of the

convergence [1]. For the mean shift algorithm prone shortcomings, its one break, and

conducted a number of simulations, the conclusions show that : better tracking performance

of the algorithm.

Keywords : intelligent video surveillance; video image processing; background

subtraction; tracking of moving targets; Mean-Shift algorithm 湖南工学院（本科）毕业设计论文

目 录

1 绪论 ...................................................................1

1.1 课题研究背景与意义 ...............................................1

1.2 国内外研究现状 ...................................................1

1.3 目标跟踪问题的困扰因素 ...........................................2

1.4 本章小结 .........................................................3

2 图像处理简介 ...........................................................4

2.1 图像灰度化处理 ...................................................4

2.2 图像噪声处理 .....................................................4

2.3 目标表示 .........................................................5

2.4 数学形态学 .......................................................6

2.5 本章小结 .........................................................7

3 VC编程环境的搭建 ......................................................8

3.1 OpenCV简介 ......................................................8

3.2下载和安装OpenCV .................................................8

3.3搭建OpenCV环境 ..................................................8

3.4 OpenCV中常用函数介绍 ...........................................10

3.4.1 数据结构 ..................................................10

3.4.2 常用函数 ..................................................12

3.5 本章小结 ........................................................14

4 基于Mean-Shift的目标跟踪算法 .........................................15

4.1运动目标跟踪综述 ................................................15

4.2 Mean-Shift算法研究 .............................................15

4.2.1 基本Mean-Shift算法 .......................................15

4.2.2 Mean-Shift算法工作原理分析 ...............................16