151例头抱哌酮类注射剂致过敏性休克的文献分析张暄，付婷，吴殿斌，韩莹旻（大连大学附属中山医院药学部，辽宁大连116000）［摘要］目的：探讨头胞哌酮类注射剂致过敏性休克的临床特点和相关因素，为临床合理用药提供参考。
方法：以“头胞哌酮”和"过敏性休克”为关键词，检索CNKKVIP和万方数据库，检索时限为各数据库自建库至2020年1月，收集由头胞哌酮类注射剂致过敏性休克的文献报道，对患者的性别、年龄、原患疾病、过敏史、皮试及用药情况、过敏性休克发生时间、临床表现和转归等进行统计分析。
结果：共计纳入文献141篇，151例患者，其中男性86例（56.95%）,女性65例（43.05%）,青年和老年最多，原患疾病以呼吸道感染为主，有过敏史者和无过敏史者分别占11.26%和62.25%。
皮试阴性后发生过敏性休克者占49.67%,涉及头抱哌酮钠舒巴坦钠、头胞哌酮钠他哇巴坦钠及头抱哌酮钠三种药物，静脉滴注为主，首次用药占87.42%。
59.60%的过敏性休克发生在给药后5min内，临床表现以多器官损伤为主，死亡率&61%。
结论：头抱菌素皮试对过敏性休克的预测价值有限，应规范头胞菌素使用，加强药学监护，确保用药安全。
［关键词］头胞哌酮钠；头范哌酮钠舒巴坦钠；头抱哌酮钠他哇巴坦钠；过敏性休克；皮试［中图分类号］R978.1+l［文献标识码］A［文章编号］1672-8157（2020）06-0395-04 Literature analysis of151cases of anaphylactic shock caused by cefoperazone injectionZHANG Xuan,FU Ting,WU Dian-bin,HAN Ying-min（z）epar/men/of P harmacy,Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of D alian University, Dalian116000,China}[ABSTRACT]Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and the related factors of anaphylactic shock induced by cefoperazone for injection in order to provide references for rational drug use.Methods：The cases reports of anaphylactic shock caused by cefoperazone for injection before January2020were searched in the databases of CNKI,VIP and Wanfang by using the key words of cefoperazone and anaphylactic shock.Gender and age of the patients,primary diseases,allergic history,skin test and medication,onset time,clinical manifestations,outcom of anaphylactic shock were analyzed statistically.Results:A total of 141literature involving151patients were enrolled in this study.86cases(56.95%)were male and65cases(43.05%)were female. Main cases were young and elderly people.The major primary disease was respiratory tract infection.The patients with and without a history of allergy were accounted for11.26%and62.25%respectively.49.67%of the patients developed anaphylactic shock with the skin test results of negative,in which cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium,cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium and cefoperazone sodium were involved.Intravenous drip was the main route of administration and87.42%of the patients developed anaphylactic shock during the first administration.59.60%of the patients developed anaphylactic shock within5minutes after administration.The main clinical manifestations of anaphylactic shock induced by cefoperazone for injection were multiple organ damage and the total mortality was8.61%.Conclusion:It was suggested that the skin test of cephalosporin was of little value in predicting anaphylactic shock.Cephalosporin antibiotics needed to be rationally used and the pharmaceutical care should be strengthened to ensure the safety drug use.[KEY WORDS]Cefoperazone sodium;Cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium;Cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium;Anaphylactic shock;Skin test有研究m表明，抗菌药物发生过敏反应以0-内酰胺类为主，其中头抱菌素的过敏反应率最高。
