实用英语综合教程第一册教师教案
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Unit 1 EducationObjectives1.Read what Bill Gates says about education;2.Build up your vocabulary relating to campus life;3.Learn something from an ancient Greek educator;4.Study different types of nouns;5.Write an introduction of yourself.Focuses1.Build up your vocabulary relating to campus life;2.Write an introduction of yourself.Outline1.Warm-up Discussion; study of words and expressions in Text A; Vocabulary Check (B and C)2.Discussion of Text A and the follow-up exercises (A and B)3.Active Words and V ocabulary Check; Grammar Tips4.Discussion of Text B and the follow-up exercisesprehensive Exercises (Ask the students to do the translation exercises outside of theclass beforehand)6.Practical WritingProcedures:Classroom ActivitiesI. Warm-up discussionQuestion: Do you know anything about Bill Gates such as his life and his educational background?Hint1)birthday and birthplace: October 28, 1995; Seattle, Washington2)educational background: Harvard University (education not completed)3)career: chairmen and c hief software architect of Microsoft, the word’s largest and most profitable software company.4)main events in his life:a.beginning programming computers at age 13;b.developing a version of the programming language BASIC for the first microcomputer in Harvard;c.founding Microsoft Corporation in 1975 at the age of 19II. Vocabulary in Text A1. education n.教育e.g. Children in poor areas receive free education.educate v.教育;教导educated adj.受教育的e.g. a well-educated maneducator n.教育家,教育者2. count v.派用场,点数e.g. 1) Every seconds counts.2) What counts more is whether you have tried your best.3) to count from 1 to 1004) Count these apples.3. advantage n.有利条件,好处;优点,优势e.g. This product has many advantages.advantageous adj.有利的,有益的,便利的e.g. It is highly advantageous to us.Phrase: take advantage of 很好的使用;利用e.g. take advantage of all educational opportunitiesAntonym: disadvantage n.不利;不利条件e.g. His bad health is a great disadvantage to him when he looks for work.4. lifetime n.一生,终生e.g. 1) a lifetime guarantee2)lifetime membership3) In my father’s lifetime there have been many changes in the village.5. part-time adj.& adv.兼职的(地)e.g. 1)a part-time job2)He works part-time.full-time adj.全职的e.g. a full-time housewife6. programmer n.程序师,编程员program v.编制程序e.g. Please program the computer to do the job instead of doing it manually(手工操作).7. discourage vt. 不鼓励;使泄气,使失去信心e.g. His parents discouraged him from joining the air force.discouraged adj. 泄气的,失去信心的discouraging adj.使人泄气的,使人失去信心的e.g. 1) If you meet difficulty in your study, don’t be discouraged.2) It is discouraging that I didn’t know how to solve the problem.Antonym: encourage vt.鼓励e.g. I encouraged her to work hard and to try to pass the examinations.courage n. 勇敢,勇气e.g. David showed great courage when he saved the child from the burning house.8. diploma n. 文凭,毕业证书e.g. a college diplomadiplomatic adj. 外交的,从事外交的e.g. Julia joined the diplomatic service after her graduation from university.9. project n.项目,课题e.g. 1) an impossible project2) The professor is directing a research project.Synonym: plan10. highly adv. 高度地;非常e.g. 1) a highly interesting story2) a highly paid jobPhrase: speak/ think highly of 赞扬,对…给予很高评价e.g. The leader speaks / thinks highly of our work.11. focus v.(使)集中;(使)聚焦e.g. 1) to focus (one’s mind) in work2) All eyes focused on the speaker.focus n.(兴趣活动等的)中心,焦点e.g. Because of his strange clothes, he immediately became the focus of attention when heentered the office.12. range n. 范围e.g. You have a wide range of choices.range vi.在某范围内变化e.g. The temperature ranges from 10 to 20 degrees.13. attend v.参加,出席e.g. attend schoolattend a lectureattendance n.出席,到场14. automatically adv.自动地e.g. the machine operates automatically.automatic adj.自动的e.g. We have an automatic washing machine.15. drop out of 退学,不参与,退出e.g. 1) He dropped out of school at the age of 10 because his family was too poor to afford thetuition.2) She decided to drop out of the competition because it was not fire.16. chance of a lifetime 千载难逢的良机,一生中唯一的机会e.g. It’s the chance of a lifetime. You will regret it the rest of your life if you don’t take it.17. try out 试验,考验e.g. She bought a cookbook and tried out a few new recipes.18. in short 简而言之,总之e.g. In short, you should study hard for a better future.Synonym: in brief/ to sum up/ all in all/ in conclusionIII. Language Points in Text A1.They want to know what to study, or whether it’s O k to drop out of college since that’s what I did.what to study: This is a wh-word + infinitive structure used as the object, which can be changed into an object clause. Wh-word + infinitive structure can be used as a subject, an object, or an appositive clause(同位语从句),for example:1)How to improve their English is often discussed among the students.2)We haven’t decided when to visit the place.3)You haven’t answered my question about wh ere to get these books.it’s Ok to drop out of college: Here “it” is used as a formal subject, and the actual subject is the infinitive structure “to drop out of college”. The general pattern is “It is + adj. + (for/ of + sb.) to do sth.” More examples:1)It was very thoughtful of her to come to see me when I was ill.2)It’s easy for me to see through his trick.that’s what I did: “what I did” here is a predictive clause (表语从句)introduced by “what”. It is always structured in the form of “subject + be/ look/ rem ain/ seem + predictive clause” and can be introduced by such words as “that” (always omitted), and other wh-words, for example:1) It seems (that) it is going to rain.2) This is why I refused to attend the meeting.2. As I’ve said before, nobody should dr op out of college unless they believe they face the chance of a lifetime.As I’ve said before: This is a non-restrictive relative clause(非限制性关系从句) introduced by “as”(正如…的那样), which can be placed at the beginning or at the end of the sentence. More examples:1) As people expected, she was admitted to Beijing University.2) Hundreds of people were killed in the earthquake, as I have learned from the newspaper. unless: is a conjunction for an adverbial clause of condition (条件状语从句), which equals “if…not…”(除非).e.g. I won’t leave unless the rain stops.3. In my company’s early years, we have a bright part-time programmer who planned to drop out of high school to work.planned to: intend to do sth.计划、打算做某事e.g. I plan to make a trip to Beijing during the summer vocation.who planned to …work: a restrictive relative clause introduced by “who” since its antecedent is a person and serves as the subject in the clause. The relative pronoun “that” can be used here too. More examples:1) The young man who sits there quietly is my brother.2) I don’t like people that pry into others’ private business.4. Having a diploma certainly helps somebody who is looking to us for a job.look to sb./ sth.: to depend on sb. or sth. for help or advice 指望,依赖e.g. We look to you for support.5. High school and college offer you the best chance to learn many things and to do projects with others that teach you about team spirit.that teach you about team spirit: This is a restrictive relative clause introduced by “that”, whose antecedent acts as the subject of the clause. Actually the relative clause introduced by “that” can be used to modify both the person or the thing, and the roll of “that” can be either the subject or the object.e.g. He was the only one that I knew there.I haven’t been to the place that you have mentioned.6. In high school there was a time when I was highly focused on writing software, but for most of my high school years I had many interests.when …software: This is a relative clause introduced by the relative adverb “when”, which actsas the adverbial of time in the clause.e.g. 1) There was a time when I completely lost my self-confidence.2) I will never forget those days when we were together.7. For me, classroom is not the only place where you can learn.where you can learn: This is a restrictive relative clause introduced by the relative adverb “where”, which is used as the adverbial of place in the clause.e.g. 1) Do you still remember the restaurant where we had dinner last night?2) This is the place where he stayed his whole life.8. In short, it’s a real mistake not to take the chance to study a wide range of subjects and to learn to work with other people because education does count.it’s a real mistake not to take the chance: This is an example of a negative infinitive structure, where “not” is placed before an infinitive.e.g. 1) We are asked not to speak loudly in class.2) It is a good idea not to go out on such a rainy day.IV. Focus on Grammar名词(Noun )一、名词的概念表示人、事物或抽象概念的词叫做名词。
实用英语综合教程1课程设计课程简介本教程是为初学英语的学生设计的,旨在提高学生的英语听、说、读、写的综合能力。
本课程包含英语基础语法、词汇、听力、口语、阅读和写作的练习。
本教程的学习时间为3个月,每周3小时上课,外加6小时的自主学习时间。
课程的重点在于让学生在实践中提高英语水平,掌握实用的英语表达能力。
课程采用交互式的授课方式,同时配合口语练习、听力和阅读理解的练习来巩固所学内容。
教材选取本课程的教材为《New Practical English》(第四版)。
该教材采用了互动式的教学方式,使学生更好地掌握基本的英语语法和词汇,以及提高听、说、读、写的能力。
本书还提供了大量的练习,可以帮助学生查漏补缺和提高英语水平。
课程目标本课程的目标是让学生能够:1.掌握基本的英语语法和词汇。
2.提高英语听、说、读、写的能力。
3.了解英语国家的文化背景和习惯。
4.学会使用英语进行日常生活和工作的沟通交流。
课程安排第一周:英语基础语法1.了解英语的基本语法结构2.学会使用英语中的时态3.掌握英语的基本句型及其使用方法4.训练英语的口语表达能力第二周:英语词汇学习1.掌握英语日常用语常用的单词和短语2.学会使用英语中的一些常见动词和形容词3.学会使用英语中的量词、代词和连词4.提高英语的口头表达和书面表达能力第三周:英语听力和口语练习1.听取英语录音并模仿发音2.学习如何发出正确的音调和音素3.参与小组讨论和口语练习4.进一步提高英语口语表达能力第四周:英语阅读理解和写作练习1.阅读英语文章并理解其中的意思2.学习如何正确使用英语的标点符号3.学习如何使用正确的语法构建句子4.提高英语写作能力,练习英语书面表达教学方法本课程采用互动式教学,既涵盖了基础语法和词汇,又包含了口语、听力和阅读理解的练习,有效提高学生的英语水平。
在学习过程中,我们将通过以下几种方法帮助学生提高英语综合能力:1.课堂教学:采用讲解和演示的形式让学生了解英语的基本语法和词汇。
新编实用英语综合教程第1册教学设计课程概述本课程是针对初学者设计的英语教学课程,旨在通过可操作性强、实用性强的语言技能,帮助学习者快速掌握英语基础知识,为日后深入学习和使用英语扫清道路。
教学目标本教学设计旨在通过一系列科学有效的教学方法,实现以下教学目标:1.帮助学生掌握英语字母表和发音规律;2.帮助学生掌握简单的日常用语;3.帮助学生理解基本的语法知识和句型结构;4.培养学生初步的听、说、读、写能力,同时提高学生的英语语感和自信心。
教学内容第一课主要教授英语字母表,包括26个字母的名称和发音规律。
通过字母与音素的对应关系,帮助学生初步掌握英语发音技巧。
第二课本节内容主要讲解简单的日常用语,如问候语、感谢语、道别语等。
通过模拟真实情景,帮助学生熟练掌握常见的英语用语,并且通过口语练习巩固掌握。
第三课本节内容主要引导学生学习并掌握英语语法方面的基础知识,如主语、谓语、定语、状语等基本概念,并且通过练习巩固掌握。
第四课本节内容主要介绍英语代词、形容词、副词的基础知识,帮助学生掌握词汇量的同时,提高学生对英语语法的敏感性,同时辅以口语练习提高听说能力。
第五课本节内容主要让学生了解问题句型及回答方式,并帮助学生掌握各种相应句子类型的语法。
第六课综合性课程内容,巩固学生对前几节课的掌握,同时给予口语表达、语音、语法等方面的全面训练。
教学方法本教学设计将采用两大类方法,一类为传统教学方式,一类为现代教学方式。
传统教学方式1.讲授法:将基础知识讲授给学生,辅以学生手册和黑板板书,帮助学生初步掌握英语基础知识;2.练习法:通过不同形式的习题练习,巩固学生的掌握程度,并且帮助学生在做题过程中发现自己的不足,及时进行纠正。
现代教学方式1.互动式教学: 以学生为主体,让学生在讲师引导和促进下进行互动学习;2.多媒体教学: 利用现代多媒体教学手段,如PPT、录像等多媒体技术,结合学生实际情况和教学目标,对课程内容进行更直观、生动的展现。
实⽤英语综合教程1教案unit2Unit 2 FriendshipⅠ. Teaching Objectives:1. Grasp the main idea of the Text A and Text B2. Master important language points and grammatical points3. Speaking: How to talk about likes and dislikes and how to make friends4. Develop the ability of practical writing: Personal LettersⅡ. Time allotment: 6 periodsText A & Exercises 2 periodsText B & Exercises 2 periodsGrammar & Practical Writing 2 periodsText A My Friend, the Telephone OperatorⅠPre-reading Tasks:1. Discuss the following questions in class.1) What kind of person do you expect your friend to be? Describe a person who is likely to be your friend.(honest, kind, tolerant, filial, positive, warm-hearted, humorous, responsible, intelligent……)2) Friend ship may sometimes exert a great impact on one?s life. Have you heard of any stories of friendship? Do you think your life has ever been influenced by your relations with your friends?A StoryThe dog has been man?s best friend for thousands of years. Gele rt was a hunting dog belonging to a hunter. One morning, the hunter went hunting without the dog. On his return, he found Gelert covered with blood. His baby was not in its bed. Thinking that the dog had eaten the child, he killed the dog with his sword. The noise awoke the baby who had been asleep, safe and sound under a pile of bed coverings. The father heard its cry and found the baby. Under the bed was found a wolf, killed by Gelert. The faithful dog had saved the baby but lost his life because of a tragic misunderstanding.2. Background InformationIn the 1870s, Alexander Graham Bell designed a device that we now call the telephone. Bell?s extensive knowledge of the nature of sound and his understanding of music enabled him to invent the device.Bell?s greatest success was achieved on March 10, 1876, marking the birth of the telephone. The first sentence ever spoken over a telephone was uttered over this device on that day. The historic words, “Mr. Watson, come here; I want you” were uttered by Bell.ⅡWhile—Reading Tasks1.Ask the students to read the new words and expressions.2.Explain the key words and expressions and give students practice.1) discover vt. 发现discover sthdiscover + that从句discover + wh-疑问词+动词不定式discoverer n. 发现者discovery n. 发现discover & learn两个词都含有“获得知识,了解”这个含义。
实用英语综合教程第一二册教学设计一、教学目标1.帮助学生掌握基础的英语语法知识,包括句型、时态、语态等基本知识。
2.帮助学生提高英语口语能力,能够开始进行一些简单的日常交流,并能进行简单的商务交流。
3.增加学生词汇量和阅读能力,能够读懂一些简单的英文文章。
二、教学内容第一册第一册主要围绕英语基础知识展开,主要内容如下:1.英文基础语法、句型:介绍英语基础语法知识和句型,并通过练习巩固。
2.英语时态:介绍英语时态的基本知识,并通过练习巩固。
3.英语语态:介绍英语语态的基本知识,并通过练习巩固。
4.英语基础词汇和短语:介绍英语基础词汇和短语,并通过练习记忆巩固。
5.英语听力训练:通过听力训练提高学生的听力理解能力。
第二册第二册主要围绕英语口语训练展开,主要内容如下:1.日常口语训练:介绍日常口语的基本表达方式,并通过练习达到熟练掌握的目的。
2.商务口语训练:介绍商务口语的基本表达方式,并通过模拟实践让学生逐渐掌握商务口语的应用。
3.阅读训练:介绍英文文章阅读技巧,并通过精选文章让学生进行阅读练习。
4.写作训练:介绍英语写作技巧,并通过练习帮助学生提高英语写作水平。
三、教学方法本教程将采用以下教学方法:1.课堂教学:老师上台讲解和练习巩固。
2.分组练习:将学生分成小组,进行语言交流练习。
3.个人练习:学生进行个人听力、阅读和口语训练。
4.个人作业:学生通过完成课后作业,进一步提高自己的英语能力。
四、教学评估本教程将采用以下评估方法:1.考试测试:定期组织考试,检验学生的英语能力和掌握情况。
2.作业检查:对学生的课后作业进行检查和点评。
3.口语评估:观察学生在课堂上和小组练习中的表现,进行评估。
五、总结通过本教程的学习,学生可以基本掌握英语基础语法知识,提高英语口语、阅读和写作能力。
此外,通过小组练习和个人练习,学生不仅可以增加语言实践经验,更能在参与讨论和交流中不断提高自己的口语流利度和思维能力,为将来的英语学习和职场发展奠定基础。
新编实用英语综合教程1第三版课程设计一、课程描述本课程为新编实用英语综合教程1第三版的课程设计。
该教材是为中国大学英语尤其是非英语专业学生量身打造的一本全面的英语教材。
本课程旨在通过对教材各单元的学习,提高学生的听说读写英语的综合能力,培养学生英语思维能力和交际能力,使学生能够应对实际交际和学习中遇到的各种问题,为自己的未来发展打下基础。
二、课程目标1.通过学习新编实用英语综合教程1第三版,提高学生英语听说读写能力;2.积极培养学生英语思维能力和交际能力,让学生养成良好的英语学习习惯;3.帮助学生熟悉英美文化和社会背景,了解英语语言及其文化的折射。
三、课程设计1. 教学内容本课程从教材的1-12单元中选取对应的课文和语言点,设置不同的教学活动帮助学生掌握课程内容,并完成教材中的练习和作业。
2. 教学方法本课程采取听说读写相结合的教学方法,通过师生互动,小组讨论等多种形式的教学活动,帮助学生提高英语表达能力和交际能力,并激发学生学习英语的兴趣和积极性。
3. 课程安排本课程全程共分为12个单元,每个单元大致按以下内容进行:•听力材料的听写、训练及模仿•语音语调的训练•阅读理解,扩充词汇,分析语法•词汇拓展及句型运用•与话题相关的口语题目讨论及练习•与话题相关的书面表达练习•与话题相关的文化背景知识的介绍和讲解4. 课程评估考核方案包括练习与作业开发、互动课堂参与度、期初、期中考核和期末考核。
四、教学成果本课程的主要教学成果是让学生在听、说、读、写四个方面全面提高,掌握基本英语语言技能和交际能力,具备熟练运用英语的能力,达到独立学习和交流的水平。
同时,学生还将对英美文化,历史和社会的了解更加深入。
五、总结本课程的设计旨在提供多角度、多形式的教学活动,以达到全面提高学生英语综合能力的目的。
广泛地引用了跨文化交际、情景教学和主题式教学等方法,更好地激活学生参与到英语学习中来。
考虑到不同学生的学习需求,本课程更加注重课程的灵活性和个性化的教学方式,从而使学生更好地实现本课程的目标。
英语课程名称:英语课程代码:课程类型:必修公共课开课学期:第2学期学时:4x18=72学分:2教学对象:美术系07动漫,07装潢先修课程:大学英语使用教材:《实用综合教程》1册,主编:王守仁,上海外语教育出版社,2006参考书目:1、《牛津英语语法》,Oxford University Press, 19952.《简明英语语法》,张道真,北京:社会科学文献出版社,2002考核方式:考试所属教研室:公外教研室Lesson PlanUnit 1 Good Manners(8 periods)Lesson Goals:To get to know the students and talk about their vocation.Theme: manners and culture.V ocabulary: to learn words and phrases in this unit.Speaking: good manners and ways to express thanks.Grammar: modal verbs.Practical writing: how to write a note of thanks.Materials: Unit 1 in textbookProcedure:1.Roll Call :A.to give a brief self-introduction .B. to tell Ss rules and requirements of this course.C. to ask Ss to talk about their vocation.a, how was your vocation? (fantastic, fabulous,great, terrific, excellent , good, not bad, just so so, boring, dull , horrible, nightmare)b, what did you do in the Spring Festival?✧Time: first day of the 1st Lunar month✧Activity: clean homes, pay debts, cut hair, buy new clothes, decorate houseswith paper scroll, new year pictures, burn incense, hold feast, set off firecrackers, see the old year out and new year in, receive red envelop.✧Food: Jiaozi, Niangao, fish…✧Origin: the monster called “nian”2. W arming-up discussion.A Can you name anything related with "manners"?Greetings, polite, shake hands, avoid certain topics , courtesy, patient ...B What kind of behavior do you think is good manners for a man?a.He should help her get in and out of cars. ( )b.He should pay the dinner everytime. ( )c.He should walk on the outside of a woman on the sidewalk.( )d.He should pull the chair out for her before sitting down himself. ( )e.He should never resort to violent means. ( )3. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.A Help Ss read the words.B Study of words and expressions in the Text A.a.Underline the new words and phrases in text and try to understand itsmeaning.b.K ey words and expressions.C Vocabulary check (B and C)4. Discussion of Text A and the following-up exercises..A. Ss watch the video clip and answer questions.B. T helps Ss understand the text and difficult sentences.C. Ss finish the following-up exercises5. 7. Grammar tips: modal verbs.A.T asks Ss to tell the types of modal verbs in their own words.B.T gives Ss some examples and helps Ss get rules about it.C. Ss finish exercises.6. Discussion of Text B and the following-up exercises.A. Warming up: T asks Ss to answer Comprehensive questions.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text B.C. Detailed study of the text.D. Ss finish the following-up exercises .prehensive exercises.8. Homework: write a note of thanks.Unit2 Living Environment(8periods)Lesson Goals:Theme:enviromental protection.V ocabulary: to learn words and phrases in this unit.Speaking: how to make our living enviroment beautiful and comfortable. Grammar:the adverbial clause of time.Practical writing: how to write a note of apology.Materials: Unit 2 in textbookProcedure:1. Roll Call :2. W arming-up discussion.A. Can you name anything related with "enviroment"?Chemical, waste, pollution, population...B. Disscussion: how to make our living enviroment beautiful and comfortable.3. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.A. Help Ss read the words.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.a.Underline the new words and phrases in text and try to understand itsmeaning.b.K ey words and expressions.C. V ocabulary check (B and C)4. Discussion of Text A and the following-up exercises..A. Ss watch the video clip and answer questions.B. T helps Ss understand the text and difficult sentences.C. Ss finish the following-up exercises5. Grammar tips: the adverbial clause of time .A. T asks Ss to tell the types of time expressions in their own words.B. T gives Ss some examples and helps Ss get rules about it.C. Ss finish exercises.6. Discussion of Text B and the following-up exercises.A. Warming up: T asks Ss to answer Comprehensive questions.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text B.C. Detailed study of the text.D. Ss finish the following-up exercises .prehensive exercises.8. Homework: write a note of apology.Unit3 Fast Food(8periods)Lesson Goals:Theme:healthy eating habits.V ocabulary: to learn words and phrases in this unit.Speaking: western and Chinese foods and drinks.Grammar:the adverbial clause of purpose.Practical writing: how to write a note of congratulation.Materials: Unit 3 in textbookProcedure:1. Roll Call :2. W arming-up discussion.A. Can you name anything related with "food"?Diet, health, habit, flour, fruit...B. Disscussion: differences between western and Chinese foods and drinks.3. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.A. Help Ss read the words.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.a.Underline the new words and phrases in text and try to understand itsmeaning.b.K ey words and expressions.C. V ocabulary check (B and C)4. Discussion of Text A and the following-up exercises..A. Ss watch the video clip and answer questions.B. T helps Ss understand the text and difficult sentences.C. Ss finish the following-up exercises5. Grammar tips: the adverbial clause of purpose .A. T asks Ss to tell the types of adverbial clauses in their own words.B. T gives Ss some examples and helps Ss get rules about it.C. Ss finish exercises.6. Discussion of Text B and the following-up exercises.A. Warming up: T asks Ss to answer Comprehensive questions.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text B.C. Detailed study of the text.D. Ss finish the following-up exercises .prehensive exercises.8. Homework: write a note of apology.Unit 4 Daily shopping(8periods)Lesson Goals:Theme:shopping.V ocabulary: to learn words and phrases in this unit.Speaking: shopping experienceGrammar:the gerund.Practical writing: how to write an anouncement.Materials: Unit 4 in textbookProcedure:1. Roll Call :2. W arming-up discussion.A. Can you name anything related with "shopping"?Customer, queue, check, account, grocery...B. Disscussion: do you have any impressive shoping experience?3. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.A. Help Ss read the words.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.a. Underline the new words and phrases in text and try to understand its meaning.b. Key words and expressions.C. V ocabulary check (B and C)4. Discussion of Text A and the following-up exercises..A. Ss watch the video clip and answer questions.B. T helps Ss understand the text and difficult sentences.C. Ss finish the following-up exercises5. Grammar tips: the gerund.A. T asks Ss to tell the feature of the gerund in their own words.B. T gives Ss some examples and helps Ss get rules about it.C. Ss finish exercises.6. Discussion of Text B and the following-up exercises.A. Warming up: T asks Ss to answer Comprehensive questions.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text B.C. Detailed study of the text.D. Ss finish the following-up exercises .prehensive exercises.8. Homework: write a note of apology.Unit 5 Modern Communication(8periods)Lesson Goals:Theme:communication.V ocabulary: to learn words and phrases in this unit.Speaking: benefits and disadvantages of modern communication. Grammar:the infinitive.Practical writing: how to write a notice.Materials: Unit 5 in textbookProcedure:1. Roll Call :2. W arming-up discussion.A. Can you name anything related with "communication"?Hotline, caller, cellphone, telegram, language...B. Disscussion: what're the effecient ways of communication ?3. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.A. Help Ss read the words.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.a. Underline the new words and phrases in text and try to understand its meaning.b. Key words and expressions.C. V ocabulary check (B and C)4. Discussion of Text A and the following-up exercises..A. Ss watch the video clip and answer questions.B. T helps Ss understand the text and difficult sentences.C. Ss finish the following-up exercises5. Grammar tips: the infinitive.A. T asks Ss to tell the roles of the infinitive in their own words.B. T gives Ss some examples and helps Ss get rules about it.C. Ss finish exercises.6. Discussion of Text B and the following-up exercises.A. Warming up: T asks Ss to answer Comprehensive questions.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text B.C. Detailed study of the text.D. Ss finish the following-up exercises .prehensive exercises.8. Homework: write a note of notice.Unit 6 Health Care(8periods)Lesson Goals:Theme:health.V ocabulary: to learn words and phrases in this unit.Speaking: How to describe your illness to your doctor?Grammar:the past participle .Practical writing: how to write a name card.Materials: Unit 6 in textbookProcedure:1. Roll Call :2. W arming-up discussion.A. Can you name anything related with "health"?Symptom, liver, cold, fever...B. Disscussion: what do you usually do to maintain healthy?3. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.A. Help Ss read the words.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.a. Underline the new words and phrases in text and try to understand its meaning.b. Key words and expressions.C. V ocabulary check (B and C)4. Discussion of Text A and the following-up exercises..A. Ss watch the video clip and answer questions.B. T helps Ss understand the text and difficult sentences.C. Ss finish the following-up exercises5. Grammar tips: the past participle.A. T asks Ss to tell the functions of past participles in their own words.B. T gives Ss some examples and helps Ss get rules about it.C. Ss finish exercises.6. Discussion of Text B and the following-up exercises.A. Warming up: T asks Ss to answer Comprehensive questions.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text B.C. Detailed study of the text.D. Ss finish the following-up exercises .prehensive exercises.8. Homework: write a name card.Unit 7 Generation Gap(8periods)Lesson Goals:Theme:generation gap.V ocabulary: to learn words and phrases in this unit.Speaking: the relationship between you and your parents?Grammar:the relative clause .Practical writing: how to write an invitation letter.Materials: Unit 7 in textbookProcedure:1. Roll Call :2. W arming-up discussion.A. Can you name anything related with "generation gap"?Parent, age, idea, old-fashioned, popular, value...B. Disscussion: how to bridge the generation gap?3. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.A. Help Ss read the words.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.a. Underline the new words and phrases in text and try to understand its meaning.b. Key words and expressions.C. V ocabulary check (B and C)4. Discussion of Text A and the following-up exercises..A. Ss watch the video clip and answer questions.B. T helps Ss understand the text and difficult sentences.C. Ss finish the following-up exercises5. Grammar tips: the relative clause.A. T asks Ss to tell the types of the relative clauses in their own words.B. T gives Ss some examples and helps Ss get rules about it.C. Ss finish exercises.6. Discussion of Text B and the following-up exercises.A. Warming up: T asks Ss to answer Comprehensive questions.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text B.C. Detailed study of the text.D. Ss finish the following-up exercises .prehensive exercises.8. Homework: write an invitation letter.Unit 8 Gender Differences(8periods)Lesson Goals:Theme:gender differences.V ocabulary: to learn words and phrases in this unit.Speaking: gender differences in some ways.Grammar:the predicative clause.Practical writing: how to write letters either to accept or decline an invitation. Materials: Unit 8 in textbookProcedure:1. Roll Call :2. W arming-up discussion.A. Can you name anything related with "gender"?Male, female, strength, equal ...B. Disscussion: are there any gender differences nowadays? What are they?3. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.A. Help Ss read the words.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.a. Underline the new words and phrases in text and try to understand its meaning.b. Key words and expressions.C. V ocabulary check (B and C)4. Discussion of Text A and the following-up exercises..A. Ss watch the video clip and answer questions.B. T helps Ss understand the text and difficult sentences.C. Ss finish the following-up exercises5. Grammar tips: the predicative.A. T asks Ss to tell the types of the predicative in their own words.B. T gives Ss some examples and helps Ss get rules about it.C. Ss finish exercises.6. Discussion of Text B and the following-up exercises.A. Warming up: T asks Ss to answer Comprehensive questions.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text B.C. Detailed study of the text.D. Ss finish the following-up exercises .prehensive exercises.8. Homework: write letters either to accept or decline an invitation.Unit 9 Job Hunting(8periods)Lesson Goals:Theme:job hunting in a city.V ocabulary: to learn words and phrases in this unit.Speaking: how to communicate with a potential employer in an interview. Grammar:the object clause.Practical writing: how to write a resume.Materials: Unit 9 in textbookProcedure:1. Roll Call :2. W arming-up discussion.A. Can you name anything related with "job"?Empolyer, employee, personnel, resume, applicant...B. Disscussion:what problems may come up in a job interview.3. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.A. Help Ss read the words.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text A.a. Underline the new words and phrases in text and try to understand itsmeaning.b. Key words and expressions.C. V ocabulary check (B and C)4. Discussion of Text A and the following-up exercises..A. Ss watch the video clip and answer questions.B. T helps Ss understand the text and difficult sentences.C. Ss finish the following-up exercises5. Grammar tips: the object clause.A. T asks Ss to tell the types of object clauses in their own words.B. T gives Ss some examples and helps Ss get rules about it.C. Ss finish exercises.6. Discussion of Text B and the following-up exercises.A. Warming up: T asks Ss to answer Comprehensive questions.B. Study of words and expressions in the Text B.C. Detailed study of the text.D. Ss finish the following-up exercises .prehensive exercises.8. Homework: write a resume.。
实用英语1教案范文教案名称:实用英语1教学教案目标学生:高中生教学目标:1.学习并掌握实用英语基础词汇和句型。
2.培养学生的英语听、说、读、写能力。
3.提高学生的跨文化交际能力。
4.培养学生的自主学习和合作学习能力。
教学重点:1.掌握实用英语基础词汇和句型。
2.提高学生的英语听、说、读、写能力。
教学难点:1.提高学生的英语读写能力。
2.提高学生的跨文化交际能力。
教学准备:1.教材:《实用英语教程》第一册。
2.多媒体教学设备。
教学方法:1.任务型教学法:通过完成任务来提高学生的英语技能和应用能力。
2.互动式教学法:通过师生互动和小组合作,培养学生的合作学习能力和跨文化交际能力。
教学过程:Step 1:导入 (5分钟)教师通过展示图片和提问的方式导入新课,引发学生对实用英语的兴趣。
Step 2:单词学习 (10分钟)教师通过多媒体展示单词,并配以发音,引导学生学习和记忆新词汇。
教师还可以设计各种游戏和活动,让学生在轻松中记忆和巩固单词。
Step 3:听力训练 (15分钟)教师播放一段对话或独白,要求学生仔细听并回答问题。
教师可以在听力过程中给予适当的提示和指导,帮助学生提高听力技能。
Step 4:口语训练 (15分钟)教师设计各种情景对话和角色扮演活动,让学生进行口语练习。
教师可以提供一些话题和问题,引导学生进行对话,并给予适当的语言和发音指导。
Step 5:阅读训练 (15分钟)教师指导学生阅读一篇短文,并进行理解和表达训练。
教师可以提出一些问题,引导学生进行讨论和思考,培养学生的理解和表达能力。
Step 6:写作训练 (15分钟)教师引导学生进行写作训练,可以让学生完成一篇短文或写一封电子邮件。
教师可以提供一些写作指导和范文,帮助学生提高写作技能。
Step 7:文化交流 (10分钟)教师通过展示图片、视频或讲解等方式介绍英语国家的文化和习俗,引发学生的兴趣并提高学生的跨文化交际能力。
Step 8:总结 (5分钟)教师引导学生对本节课的内容进行总结,对学生的表现给予肯定和鼓励,并展望下节课的内容。
《实用英语综合教程》第一册Units1-6教案Unit 1 EducationTeaching objective1. read what Bill Gates says about education;2. build up your vocabulary relating to campus life;3. get to know about the vocational education in Germany;4. study different types of nouns;5. write an introduction of yourself.Teaching focuses:1. Vocabulary: (omitted)2. Grammar: Nouns3. Practical writing: short passage to introduce yourselfTeaching steps:Step 1: Warm-up Discussion; study of words and expressions in Text AStep 2: Discussion of Text AStep 3: Comprehensive ExercisesStep 4: Grammar Tips; Active Words and V ocabulary Check Step 5: Discussion of Text B and the follow-up ComprehensionStep 6: Practical WritingStep 7: Starting Out & In-class Activities (Practical Listening and Speaking Course)Step 8: Cultural Notes & After-class Activities (Practical Listening and Speaking Course) Teaching methods:(1)Practice speaking and listening(2)Discussion(3)Presentation and role play(4) ExercisesTeaching ProceduresWarm-up Discussion and background information1. Bill Gates:(Bill) H. Bill Gates is the co-founder, chairman and chief software architect of Microsoft Corporation, the world’s largest and most profitable software company. And he is also the richest man in the world.Gates was born in 1955, in Seattle, Washington.●Gates attended the private Lakeside School. There, he discovered his interest in software and began programming computers at age 13.●Gate s went off to Harvard University in 1973 with the original intention of becoming a math professor. It was during his Harvard days that he and his friend developed BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), the programming language for the first microcomputer. Gates left Harvard in 1975 without completing his university education.●He started Microsoft at the age of 19, and made a deal that changed the landscape of computing forever.●Gates announced in 2006 that he would be transitioning from full-time workat Microsoft to part-time work, and full-time work at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to enhance healthcare and reduce extreme poverty in the world2. HarvardHarvard University, founded in 1636, is America’s oldest institution of higher learning. The university was named after its first benefactor, John Harvard of Charlestown. Since its founding, the university has grown from nine students with a single master to an enrollment of more than 18,000 degree candidates, including undergraduates and graduate students in 10 principalacademic units. An additional 13,000 students are enrolled in one or more courses in the Harvard Extension School.Text A : Education does countStudy of words and expressions in Text A/doc/8818832061.htmlcation n.教育educate v.教育educated adj. 受教育的educator n. 教育家,教育者1. Children in poor areas receive free education.2. The writer was educated at a very good school3. a well-educated man2. count v.有重要意义,有价值1. Every second counts.2. What counts more is whether you have tried your best.3. hundreds of 好几百,许许多多1. Hundreds of journalists attended the press conference.2. More than two hundred journalists attended the press conference.4. advice n. 忠告,建议advise vt. 忠告,建议1. She advised that I (should) wear my best suit.2. I was advised not to go there alone at night.5. drop out of 退学,不参与,退出1. He dropped out of school at the age of 10 because his family was too poor to afford the tuition.2. She decided to drop out of the competition because it was not fair.6. a …number of 若干1. A number of students didn’t want to have a spring outing.7. ask for 询问,寻求1. If you ask for my advice, that color doesn’t suit you.2. May I ask for the telephone number of the Grand Hotel?8. suggestion n.意见,建议at/on sb.’s suggestion 根据某人的建议make/offer a suggestion 提议,建议1. At/On her suggestion we went to Beijing by train.2. We will listen to anyone who makes/offers suggestions for the theme of the party.9. success n.成功,胜利succeed vi. 成功;达到;完成1. Failure is the mother of success.2. He succeeded in the examination.3. He succeeded in making his dreams come true.10. advantage n. 有利条件,好处;优点,优势advantageous adj. 有利的,有益的;便利的advantageous adj. 有利的,有益的;便利1. Mary speaks good English. Her advantage is that her mother is an English.2. This product has many advantages.3. It is highly advantageous to us.11. lifetime n. 一生,终生chance of a lifetime 千载难逢的良机,一生中唯一的机会1. a lifetime guarantee2. In my father’s lifetime there have been many changes in the village.3. It’s the chance of a lifetime. You will regret it the rest of your life if you don’t take it.12. programmer n. 程序师,编程员program vt.编制程序(亦作:programme)1. Please program the computer to do the job instead of doing it manually.13. discourage vt. 不鼓励;使泄气,使失去信心discouraged adj. 泄气的,失去信心的discouraging adj. 使人泄气的,使人失去信心的1. His parents discouraged him from joining the air force.2. If you meet with any difficulty in your study, don’t be discouraged.3. It is discouraging that I didn’t know how to solve the maths problem.encourage vt.鼓励courage n. 勇敢,勇气4. I encouraged her to work hard and to try to pass the examinations.5. She showed remarkable courage when she heard the bad news.14. diploma n. 文凭,毕业证书diplomatic adj. 外交的,从事外交的1. Julia joined the diplomatic service after her graduation from the university.15. spirit n. 精神in good/high/great spirits 精神好,高兴,兴致好in low/poor spirits 意志消沉,垂头丧气,怏怏不乐1. She is in good / high / great spirits these days because her son is returning from England.2. Do you know what happened to him? He seems to be in low/poor spirits.16. focus v. (使)集中;(使)聚焦1. All eyes (were) focused on the speaker.2. Because of his strange clothes, he immediately became the focus of attention when he entered the office.17. range (1) n. 范围(2) vi.在某范围内变化1. You have a wide range of choices.2. The temperature ranges from 10 to 20 degrees.3. The students’ages range between 15 and 18.18. try out 试验,考验1. She bought a cookbook and tried out a few new recipes.2. We tried out the project within a small range at first.19. in short 简而言之,总之1. In short, you should study hard for a better future.Synonym:in brief / to sum up / all in all / in conclusion20. They want to know what to study, or whether it’s OK to drop out of college since that’s what I did.:They want to know what they should study or whether it is fine for them to leave college without completing the education since I did it myself.what to study:This is a “wh-word + infinitive”structure used as the object, which can be changed into an object clause. “Wh-wo rd + infinitive”structure can be used as a subject, an object, or an appositive, etc., functioning as a subject clause (主语从句), an object clause (宾语从句) or an appositive clause (同位语从句).21. it’s OK to drop out of college: Here “it”is used as a formal subject, and the actual subject is the infinitive structure “to drop out of college”. The structure is “It is + adj. + (for / of + sb.) to do sth.”More example:1. It was very thoughtful of her to come to see me when I was ill.2. It is careless of you to make such a mistake.3. It is easy for me to see through his trick.22. That’s what I did: “what I did”here is a predicative clause (表语从句) introduced by “what”. The structure is “subject + be / look / remain / seem + predicative clause”and the predicative clause can be introduced by such words as“that”(often omitted), and other wh-words.For example:1. It seems (that) it is going to rain.2. The question remains whether we can win the game.3. This is why I refused to attend the meeting.23. As I’ve said before, nobody should drop out of college unless they believe they face the chance of a lifetime. And even then they should consider carefully.:Para: Everyone should complete their college education unless they are sure they have met the best chance in their lifetime. Even in that situation they should give it their serious consideration As I’ve said before: This is a non-restrictive relative clause (a “relative clause”is also referred to as an “attributive clause”) introduced by “as”(正如……的那样), which can be placed at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.More examples:1. As people expected, she was admitted to Beijing University.unless: “unless” is a conjunction for an adverbial clause of condition (条件状语从句), which means “if… not … (除非)”.More examples:1. I won’t leave unless the rain stops.2. Unless you have a good command of both English and Chinese, you cannot be a good translator.24. In my company’s early years, we had a bright part-time programmer who planned to drop out of high school to work.: During the early years after my company was started, we had an intelligent programmer who worked part-time for us. He intended to quit high school and work. plan to: intend to do sth. 计划、打算做某事1. I plan to make a trip to Beijing during the summer vacation.2. I will always be with you no matter what you plan to do.25. who planned to …work: a restrictive relative clause (限制性关系从句) introduced by “who”since its antecedent is a person and serves as the subject in the clause. The relative pronoun “that”can be use d here too.26. Quite a few of our people didn’t finish college, but we discourage dropping out. Having a diploma certainly helps somebody who is looking to us for a job.: A large number of people in our company didn’t complete their college education, but we don’t encourage others to drop out of school. It is helpful for those who want to work in our company to have a diploma.look to sb. / sth. for sth.: to depend on sb. or sth. for help or advice 指望,依赖1. They are looking to the teacher to suggest a place for their spring outing.27. High school and college offer you the best chance to learn many things and to do projects with others that teach you about team spirit.: High school and college are the best places where you can learn many things and do projects with others, which helps to cultivate your sense of cooperation with others.that teach you about team spirit: This is a restrictive relative clause introduced by “that”, whose antecedent acts as the subject of the clause. Actually the relative clause introduced by “that”can be used to modify both the person(s) and the thing(s), and the role of “that” can be either the subject or the object.More examples:1.He was the only one that I knew there.2. I haven’t been to the place that you have mentioned.3. The bicycle that was stolen last week was brand new.28. In high school there was a time when I was highly focused on writing software, but for most of my high school years I had many interests: I was deeply absorbed in writing software for a period of time in high school, but for most of the time at high school I took interest in many things.when …software: This is a relative clause introduced by the relative adverb “when”, which acts as the adverbial of time in the clause.More examples:1. There was a time when I completely lost my self-confidence, and her support and patience helped me regain it.2. I will never forget those days when we were together.29. But somebody handing you a book doesn’t automatically start your learning. You should learn with other people, ask questions, try out ideas and have a way to test your ability.: But it doesn’t mean that you are learning spontaneously when someone gives you a book. You should find some other people to learn with, ask them questions, see if ideas work and find a way to evaluate your ability.30. In short, it’s a real mistake not to take the chance to study a wide range of subjects and to learn to work with other people because education does count.: To sum up, it is wrong not to take the chance to study various subjects and to learn to work with other people, because education is really important.it’s a real mistake not to take the chance: This is an infinitive structure of negation, where “not”is placed before the infinitive.More examples:1. We are asked not to speak loudly in class.2. It is a good idea not to go out on such a rainy day.Grammar Nouns一、名词的概念: 表示人、事物或抽象概念的词叫做名词。
An Integrated Skills Course 1ContentsUnit1 Education 0Unit2 Friendship (7)Unit3 Gifts (11)Unit4 Movies (17)Unit5 Our Earth (20)Unit6 Part-time Jobs (29)Unit 1 EducationObjectives1.Read what Bill Gates says about education;2.Build up your vocabulary relating to campus life;3.Learn something from an ancient Greek educator;4.Study different types of nouns;5.Write an introduction of yourself.Focuses1.Build up your vocabulary relating to campus life;2.Write an introduction of yourself.Outline1.Warm-up Discussion; study of words and expressions in Text A; Vocabulary Check (B and C)2.Discussion of Text A and the follow-up exercises (A and B)3.Active Words and V ocabulary Check; Grammar Tips4.Discussion of Text B and the follow-up exercisesprehensive Exercises (Ask the students to do the translation exercises outside of theclass beforehand)6.Practical WritingProcedures:Classroom ActivitiesI. Warm-up discussionQuestion: Do you know anything about Bill Gates such as his life and his educational background?Hint1)birthday and birthplace: October 28, 1995; Seattle, Washington2)educational background: Harvard University (education not completed)3)career: chairmen and chief software architect of Microsoft, the word’s largest and most profitable software company.4)main events in his life:a.beginning programming computers at age 13;b.developing a version of the programming language BASIC for the first microcomputer in Harvard;c.founding Microsoft Corporation in 1975 at the age of 19II. Vocabulary in Text A1. education n.教育e.g. Children in poor areas receive free education.educate v.教育;教导educated adj.受教育的e.g. a well-educated maneducator n.教育家,教育者2. count v.派用场,点数e.g. 1) Every seconds counts.2) What counts more is whether you have tried your best.3) to count from 1 to 1004) Count these apples.3. advantage n.有利条件,好处;优点,优势e.g. This product has many advantages.advantageous adj.有利的,有益的,便利的e.g. It is highly advantageous to us.Phrase: take advantage of 很好的使用;利用e.g. take advantage of all educational opportunitiesAntonym: disadvantage n.不利;不利条件e.g. His bad health is a great disadvantage to him when he looks for work.4. lifetime n.一生,终生e.g. 1) a lifetime guarantee2)lifetime membership3) In my father’s lifetime there have been many changes in the village.5. part-time adj.& adv.兼职的(地)e.g. 1)a part-time job2)He works part-time.e.g. a full-time housewife6. programmer n.程序师,编程员program v.编制程序e.g. Please program the computer to do the job instead of doing it manually(手工操作).7. discourage vt. 不鼓励;使泄气,使失去信心e.g. His parents discouraged him from joining the air force.discouraged adj. 泄气的,失去信心的discouraging adj.使人泄气的,使人失去信心的e.g. 1) If you meet difficulty in your study, don’t be discouraged.2) It is discouraging that I didn’t know how to solve the problem.Antonym: encourage vt.鼓励e.g. I encouraged her to work hard and to try to pass the examinations.courage n. 勇敢,勇气e.g. David showed great courage when he saved the child from the burning house.8. diploma n. 文凭,毕业证书e.g. a college diplomadiplomatic adj. 外交的,从事外交的e.g. Julia joined the diplomatic service after her graduation from university.9. project n.项目,课题e.g. 1) an impossible project2) The professor is directing a research project.Synonym: plan10. highly adv. 高度地;非常e.g. 1) a highly interesting story2) a highly paid jobPhrase: speak/ think highly of 赞扬,对…给予很高评价e.g. The leader speaks / thinks highly of our work.11. focus v.(使)集中;(使)聚焦e.g. 1) to focus (one’s mind) in work2) All eyes focused on the speaker.focus n.(兴趣活动等的)中心,焦点e.g. Because of his strange clothes, he immediately became the focus of attention when heentered the office.12. range n. 范围e.g. You have a wide range of choices.range vi.在某范围内变化e.g. The temperature ranges from 10 to 20 degrees.13. attend v.参加,出席e.g. attend schoolattend a lectureattendance n.出席,到场14. automatically adv.自动地e.g. the machine operates automatically.e.g. We have an automatic washing machine.15. drop out of 退学,不参与,退出e.g. 1) He dropped out of school at the age of 10 because his family was too poor to afford thetuition.2) She decided to drop out of the competition because it was not fire.16. chance of a lifetime 千载难逢的良机,一生中唯一的机会e.g. It’s the chance of a lifetime. You will regret it the rest of your life if you don’t take it.17. try out 试验,考验e.g. She bought a cookbook and tried out a few new recipes.18. in short 简而言之,总之e.g. In short, you should study hard for a better future.Synonym: in brief/ to sum up/ all in all/ in conclusionIII. Language Points in Text A1.They want to know what to study, or whether it’s Ok to drop out of colleg e since that’s what I did.what to study: This is a wh-word + infinitive structure used as the object, which can be changed into an object clause. Wh-word + infinitive structure can be used as a subject, an object, or an appositive clause(同位语从句),for example:1)How to improve their English is often discussed among the students.2)We haven’t decided when to visit the place.3)You haven’t answered my question about where to get these books.it’s Ok to drop out of college: Here ―it‖ is used as a formal subject, and t he actual subject is the infinitive structure ―to drop out of college‖. The general pattern is ―It is + adj. + (for/ of + sb.) to do sth.‖ More examples:1)It was very thoughtful of her to come to see me when I was ill.2)It’s easy for me to see through his tr ick.that’s what I did: ―what I did‖ here is a predictive clause (表语从句)introduced by ―what‖. It is always structured in the form of ―subject + be/ look/ remain/ seem + predictive clause‖ and can be introduced by such words as ―that‖ (always omitted), and o ther wh-words, for example:1) It seems (that) it is going to rain.2) This is why I refused to attend the meeting.2. As I’ve said before, nobody should drop out of college unless they believe they face the chance of a lifetime.As I’ve said before: This is a non-restrictive relative clause(非限制性关系从句) introduced by ―as‖(正如…的那样), which can be placed at the beginning or at the end of the sentence. More examples:1) As people expected, she was admitted to Beijing University.2) Hundreds of people were killed in the earthquake, as I have learned from the newspaper. unless: is a conjunction for an adverbial clause of condition (条件状语从句), which equals ―if…not…‖(除非).e.g. I won’t leave unless the rain stops.3. In my company’s early years, we have a bright part-time programmer who planned todrop out of high school to work.planned to: intend to do sth.计划、打算做某事e.g. I plan to make a trip to Beijing during the summer vocation.who planned to …work: a restrictive relative clause introduced by ―who‖ since its antecedent is a person and serves as the subj ect in the clause. The relative pronoun ―that‖ can be used here too. More examples:1) The young man who sits there quietly is my brother.2) I don’t like people that pry into others’ private business.4. Having a diploma certainly helps somebody who is looking to us for a job.look to sb./ sth.: to depend on sb. or sth. for help or advice 指望,依赖e.g. We look to you for support.5. High school and college offer you the best chance to learn many things and to do projects with others that teach you about team spirit.that teach you about team spirit: This is a restrictive relative clause intro duced by ―that‖, whose antecedent acts as the subject of the clause. Actually the relative clause introduced by ―that‖ can be used to modify both the person or the thing, and the roll of ―that‖ can be either the subject or the object.e.g. He was the only one that I knew there.I haven’t been to the place that you have mentioned.6. In high school there was a time when I was highly focused on writing software, but for most of my high school years I had many interests.when …software: This is a relative clause introduced by the relative adverb ―when‖, which acts as the adverbial of time in the clause.e.g. 1) There was a time when I completely lost my self-confidence.2) I will never forget those days when we were together.7. For me, classroom is not the only place where you can learn.where you can learn: This is a restrictive relative clause introduced by the relative adverb ―where‖, which is used as the adverbial of place in the clause.e.g. 1) Do you still remember the restaurant where we had dinner last night?2) This is the place where he stayed his whole life.8. In short, it’s a real mistake not to take the chance to study a wide range of subjects and to learn to work with other people because education does count.it’s a real mistake not to take the chance: This is an example of a negative infinitive structure, where ―not‖ is placed before an infinitive.e.g. 1) We are asked not to speak loudly in class.2) It is a good idea not to go out on such a rainy day.IV. Focus on Grammar名词(Noun )一、名词的概念表示人、事物或抽象概念的词叫做名词。