2019年英语四级考试题型分析(新增改革内容).doc

2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第一套）音频Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section，you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions. Both thenews report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) He set a record by swimming to and from an island.B) He celebrated the ninth birthday on a small island.C) He visited a prison located on a faraway island.D) He swam around an island near San Francisco.2. A) He doubled the reward.B) He cheered him on all the way.C) He set him an example.D) He had the event covered on TV.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) To end the one-child policy.B) To encourage late marriage.C) To increase working efficiency.D) To give people more time to travel.4. A) They will not be welcomed by young people.B) They will help to popularize early marriage.C) They will boost China’s economic growth.D) They will not come into immediate effect.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Cleaning service in great demand all over the world.B) Two ladies giving up well-paid jobs to do cleaning.C) A new company to clean up the mess after parties.D) Cleaners gainfully employed at nights and weekends.6. A) It takes a lot of time to prepare.B) It leaves the house in a mess.C) It makes party goers exhausted.D) It creates noise and misconduct.7. A) Hire an Australian lawyer.B) Visit the US and Canada.C) Settle a legal dispute.D) Expand their business.Section BDirections: In this section，you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation，you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He had a driving lesson.B) He got his driver’s license.C) He took the driver’s theory exam.D) He passed the driver’s road test.9. A) He was not well prepared.B) He did not get to the exam in time.C) He was not used to the test format.D) He did not follow the test procedure.10. A) They are tough.B) They are costly.C) They are helpful.D) They are too short.11. A) Pass his road test the first time.B) Test-drive a few times on highways.C) Find an experienced driving instructor.D) Earn enough money for driving lessons.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Where the woman studies.B) The acceptance rate at Leeds.C) Leeds’tuition for international students.D) How to apply for studies at a university.13. A) Apply to an American university.B) Do research on higher education.C) Perform in a famous musical.D) Pursue postgraduate studies.14. A) His favorable recommendations.B) His outstanding musical talent.C) His academic excellence.D) His unique experience.15. A) Do a master’s degree.B) Settle down in England.C) Travel widely.D) Teach overseas.Section CDirections: In this section，you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage，you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They help farmers keep diseases in check.B) Many species remain unknown to scientists.C) Only a few species cause trouble to humans.D) They live in incredibly well-organized colonies.17. A) They are larger than many other species.B) They can cause damage to people’s homes.C) They can survive a long time without water.D) They like to form colonies in electrical units.18. A) Deny them access to any food.B) Keep doors and windows shut.C) Destroy their colonies close by.D) Refrain from eating sugary food.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) The function of the human immune system.B) The cause of various auto-immune diseases.C) The viruses that may infect the human immune system.D) The change in people’s immune system as they get older.20. A) Report their illnesses.B) Offer blood samples.C) Act as research assistants.D) Help to interview patients.21. A) Strengthening people’s immunity to infection.B) Better understanding patients’immune system.C) Helping improve old people’s health conditions.D) Further reducing old patients’medical expenses.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) His students had trouble getting on with each other.B) A lot of kids stayed at school to do their homework.C) His students were struggling to follow his lessons.D) A group of kids were playing chess after school.23. A) Visit a chess team in Nashville.B) Join the school’s chess team.C) Participate in a national chess competition.D) Receive training for a chess competition.24. A) Most of them come from low-income families.B) Many have become national chess champions.C) A couple of them have got involved in crimes.D) Many became chess coaches after graduation.25. A) Actions speak louder than words.B) Think twice before taking action.C) Translate their words into action.D) Take action before it gets too late.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2，000 miles away. It has 26from Detroit to Silicon Valley，where self-driving vehicles are coming to life.In a 27 to take production back to Detroit，Michigan lawmakers have introduced 28 that could make their state the best place in the country，if not the world，to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road.“Michigan’s 29 in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to 30 our leadership in transportation. We can’t let that happen，”says Senator Mike Kowall，the lead 31 of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written，they would 32 a substantial update of Michigan’s 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturers would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips，and even set up on-demand 33 of self-driving cars，like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In 34，California，home of Silicon Valley，recently proposed far more 35 rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel，and ban commercial use of self-driving technology.A) bidB) contrastC) deputyD) dominanceE) fleetsF) knotsG) legislationH) migratedI) replaceJ) representK) restrictiveL) rewardM) significantN) sponsorO) transmittedSection BDirections: In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100A) Today in the United States there are 72，000 centenarians(百岁老人). Worldwide，probably 450，000. If current trends continue，then by 2050 there will be more than a million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers，50% of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK，Germany，France，Italy and Canada，and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107.B) Understandably，there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the associated health and pension challenges. These challenges are real，and society urgently needs to address them. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply equate longevity(长寿) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of life，not just the end of it.C) Our view is that if many people are living for longer，and are healthier for longer，then this will result in an inevitable redesign ofwork and life. When people live longer，they are not only older for longer，but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying that “70 is the new 60”or “40 the new 30.”If you age more slowly over a longer time period，then you are in some sense younger for longer.D) But the changes go further than that. Take，for instance，the age at which people make commitments such as buying a house，getting married，having children，or starting a career. These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962，50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014，that milestone(里程碑) had shifted to age 29.E) While there are numerous factors behind these shifts，one factor is surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. So if you believe you will live longer，then options become more valuable，and early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed，and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in their twenties.F) Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement，and not only for financial reasons. Yes，unless people are prepared to save a lot more，our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s，then you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your early 20s，there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65，over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful to cognitive(认知的) and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to do it.G) And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing. Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for a 100-year life，but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets such as productive skills，vitality，happiness，and friendship.H) The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education，administered in childhood and early adulthood，will be able to support a sustained，60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technological change，either your skills will become unnecessary，or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will，at some point in their life，have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.I) It seems likely，then，that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stages containing two，three，or oven more different careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. Inone the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement，in another on creating a better work/life balance，still another on exploring and understanding options more fully，or becoming an independent producer，yet another on making a social contribution. These stages will span sectors，take people to different cities，and provide a foundation for building a wide variety of skills.J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals(休假) as people find time to rest and recharge their health，re-invest in their relationships，or improve their skills. At times，these breaks and transitions will be self-determined，at others they will be forced as existing roles，firms，or industries cease to exist.K) A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career，but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions，while a multi-stage life has many. That is why being self-aware，investing in broader networks of friends，and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills.L) These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences.M) With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. In a three-stage life，people leave university at the same time and the same age，they tend to start their careers and family at the same age，they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time，and then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life，you could be an undergraduate at 20，40，or 60; a manager at 30，50，or 70; and become an independent producer at any age.N) Current life structures，career paths，educational choices，and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifespans. The three-stage life of full-time education，followed by continuous work，and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents，but it is not relevant today. We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer. It is about living longer，being older later，and being younger longer.36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.37. Just extending one’s career may have both positive and negative effects.38. Nowadays，many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years.39. Because of their longer lifespan，young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by themid-21st century.41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people’s approach to life.42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and emotional well-being.44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life.45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and life.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In the classic marriage vow(誓约)，couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife—not the husband—becomes seriously ill.“Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce，”said researcher Amelia Karraker.Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2，717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview，at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.The researchers examined how the onset(发生) of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that，overall，31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic(慢性的) illness onset increased over time as well，with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.“We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness，”Karraker said. “They’re more likely to be widowed，and if they’re the ones who become ill，they’re more likely to get divorced.”While the study didn’t assess why divorce is more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill，Karraker offers a few possible reasons. “Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses，”Karraker said. “And because of the imbalance in marriage markets，especially in older ages，divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women.”Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population，Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.“Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages，”she said. “But it’s also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.”46. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?A) They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.B) They are as binding as they used to be.C) They are not taken seriously any more.D) They may help couples tide over hard times.47. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?A) They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.B) They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.C) They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.D) They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives.48. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?A) They are more likely to be widowed.B) They are more likely to get divorced.C) They are less likely to receive good care.D) They are less likely to bother their spouses.49. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker?A) They are more accustomed to receiving care.B) They find it more important to make money for the family.C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.D) They expect society to do more of the job.50. What does Karraker think is also important?A) Reducing marital stress on wives.B) Stabilizing old couples’relations.C) Providing extra care for divorced women.D) Making men pay for their wives’health costs.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you were like most children，you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling’s(兄弟姐妹的) name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved you less?Probably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic head-on，misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive(认知的) error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.The study，published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition，found that the “wrong”name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children，siblings，friends. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake，says psychologist David Rubin，“but it does tell us who’s in and who’s out of the group.”The study also found that within that group，misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds，like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1，700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others weredone with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone close to them—family or friend—had called them by another person’s name. The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren，friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries.In general，the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often，but that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also，mothers may call on their children more often than fathers，given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated，tired or angry.51. How might people often feel when they were misnamed?A) Unwanted.B) Unhappy.C) Confused.D) Indifferent.52. What did David Rubin’s research find about misnaming?A) It is related to the way our memories work.B) It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.C) It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.D) It often causes misunderstandings among people.53. What is most likely the cause of misnaming?A) Similar personality traits.B) Similar spellings of names.C) Similar physical appearance.D) Similar pronunciation of names.54. What did the surveys of more than 1，700 subjects find about misnaming?A) It more often than not hurts relationships.B) It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.C) It is most frequently found in extended families.D) It most often occurs within a relationship group.55. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?A) They suffer more frustrations.B) They become worn out more often.C) They communicate more with their children.D) They generally take on more work at home.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.灯笼起源于东汉，最初主要用于照明。

浅析大学英语新四级题型及应对方略大学英语四级考试新题型〔简称新四级题型〕由六部分组成：写作、快速阅读理解、听力、仔细阅读理解、完型填空和翻译。

与旧四级相比，新四级具有以下特点：1、听力比重增加。

〔由原来的20分增加到35分〕2、阅读部分考察方式多样化，由一种题型增加到了四种题型。

3、综合部分题型灵活，难度增加。

综合部分为完型填空或改错、汉译英或SAQ(short answer question)，分数占全卷的15%。

此部分是新四级中比较有新意的一部分。

其特点是题型选择多样，并有一定比例的主观题。

新四级中取消了老四级中考察语法词汇的“结构与词汇”部分，取而代之的是更加灵活的考察方式。

这就要求考生不仅要能了解单词和基本句法，更应具备灵活应用所学知识的能力。

4、题目次序调整。

这个考试流程是这样的：考试开始后，首先会发答题卡一，然后发作文题目和快速阅读。

首先规定你必须在30分钟之内把这个作文写完，写完作文以后，开始做快速阅读部分。

快速阅读部分要求是在15分钟之内必须完成。

考试进行到第45分钟的时候，监考老师就会把答题卡一收上去〔所以你在后面想改作文或者是快速阅读的答案已经不可能了〕，同时发答题卡二和试题的第二部分。

试题二包含听力，仔细阅读理解，完型填空和翻译。

考试总时间是125分钟。

时间要求比较长的是听力，总共是35分钟。

时间要求最短的是翻译部分，5分钟就要完成。

下面我就各个部分的改革方向、解题策略和准备方法谈谈我的看法：写作四级写作确实令很多同学感到头痛，其实从严格意义上来讲，四级写作对于考生写作能力的要求并不是太高。

四级改革后，作文是唯一不会也不可能改动的部分。

但是作文出题有一个趋势———越来越朝向与日常生活接近的方向发展。

考试的形式越来越实用化，考应用文，记叙描写文和图表作文的可能性非常大。

申请书，抱歉信，工作申请，邀请函，演讲稿等等都有可能成为四级写作的题目要求。

对于调整以后的四级写作部分，到底我们应该怎么应对呢？原来的写作是在考试最后才考。

2019CET4新题型样卷解析2019 CET4 新题型样卷解析Part I WritingØ 图表题日渐成为四六级考试的常见题型，其特点是既能考查学生的语言运用能力，更能洞察考生对身边发生的各种问题的理解和思考，这也是为什么国内外各种主流考试的作文基本都会采用这种题型的主要原因之一。

Ø 图表题作文一般都可采用三段式写法。

本文第一段先用一两句话简单描述图画内容；第二段先就“基本技能学习的重要性”这一观点发表评论，然后予以阐述或例证；第三段则就论文主题进行适当延伸。

【范文赏析】Basic Skills CountAs is obviously shown in the picture, the students are challenging the necessity of learningthose “seemingly easy and useless” rudiments, which is in fact a widely held view among many of us, especially the young people.What the picture intends to imply is that learning basic things are very important. Lao Tzu,the founder of Taoism and the great ancient Chinese thinker, once held, “Any long journey begins with a single small step”. Only with the accumulating of a single brick and tile, can we finally build a great mansion. The time and sweat we put in every day into our tasks is the foundation of our future success. If we should put even a little on a little, and should do this often, soon this too would become big.People may laugh at us learning those “easy and useless” basic skills at the very beginning,but once we insist till the final success, they will only regret what they have been thinking at the very ending.【亮点回放】Ø 第一段通过“As…, …, which…”句型对图画进行了简单的描述，凸显了作者在复杂句子运用上的功底。

一 新老题型对比分析 老四级包括5大部分：一是听力理解20题20分，时间20分钟；二是阅读理解20题40分，时间35分钟；三是词汇用法与语法结构30题15分，时间20分钟；四是完形填空或简答或英译汉，20题或5题，共10分，时间15分钟；最后是写作1题15分，时间30分钟。

合计91题，100分，时间120分钟。

新四级由四大部分构成：听力理解时间35分钟，包括两个部分：听力对话占15%，含8个短对话共8道多项选择题和2个长对话共7道多项选择题；听力短文占20%：含3篇短文理解共10道多项选择题和一篇短文复合式听写共8词3句。

听力理解占总分的35%，合计249分。

阅读理解时间40分钟，分为两个部分：仔细阅读理解时间25分钟，占25%，含两个小部分(篇章阅读理解包括2篇文章10道多项选择题；篇章词汇理解或短句问答是一篇文章，考法是15选10的选词填空或简答)；快速阅读理解时间15分钟，占10%，包括是非判断7题及句子填空或其它3题。

阅读理解占总分的35%，合计149分。

完形填空或改错时间15分钟，1篇文章，20道多项选择题或改错，占总分的10%，合计70分。

写作和翻译时间35分钟，分为两个部分：写作时间30分钟，占15%，共106分；中译英时间5分钟，占5%，共36分。

合计20%，142分。

通过对比，我们发现：新四级60%的题型沿用了老四级题型，加入了40%的新题型。

题型增加，题量加大，速度要求加快；但同时每种题型的难度降低。

新四级考试取消了词语用法和语法结构、英译汉两种过时题型，而完型填空和写作没有任何变化。

听力的比例提高到35%，短对话、短文理解和短文听写沿用了老四级的题型，只有长对话是新题型，只是题材选用对话、讲座、广播电视节目等更具真实性的材料。

阅读部分下降为35%，其中篇章阅读理解沿用了老四级题型，篇章词汇理解和快速阅读是新题型。

同时增加了英译汉和六级的改错题型。

同时，从2005年6月起，四级考试成绩开始采用满分为710分的计分体制，不设及格线；成绩报道方式由考试合格证书改为成绩报告单，即考后向每位考生发放成绩报告单，报道内容包括：总分及听力、阅读、完型或改错、写作四项单项分。

2019年12月英语四六级考试题型、试卷结构及分值比例一、题型结构大学英语四级的试卷结构、测试内容、测试题型、分值比例和考试时长如下表所示：二、题型描述1)作文写作部分测试学生用英语实行书面表达的水平，所占分值比例为15%，考试时间30分钟。

写作测试选用考生所熟悉的题材，要求考生根据所提供的信息及提示(如：提纲、情景、图片或图表等)写出一篇短文，四级120-180词，六级150-200词。

2)听力为了适合新的形势下社会对大学生英语听力水平需求的变化，进一步提升听力测试的效度，全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会自2016年6月考试起将对四、六级考试的听力试题作局部调整。

调整的相关内容说明如下：①取消短对话②取消短文听写③新增短篇新闻(3段),其余测试内容不变。

3)阅读理解阅读理解部分包括1篇长篇阅读和3篇仔细阅读，测试学生在不同层面上的阅读理解水平，包括理解篇章或段落的主旨大意和重要细节、综合分析、推测判断以及根据上下文推测词义等水平。

该部分所占分值比例为35%，其中长篇阅读占10%，仔细阅读占25%。

考试时间40分钟。

长篇阅读部分采用1篇较长篇幅的文章，总长度四级约1000词，六级约1200词。

阅读速度四级约每分钟100词;六级约每分钟120词。

篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。

有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。

仔细阅读部分要求考生阅读3篇短文。

2篇为多项选择题型的短文理解测试，每篇长度四级为300-350词，六级为400-450词;1篇为选词填空，篇章长度四级为200-250词，六级为250-300词。

短文理解每篇后有若干个问题，要求考生根据对文章的理解，从每题的四个选项中选择答案。

选词填空要求考生阅读一篇删去若干词汇的短文，然后从所给的选项中选择准确的词汇填空，使短文复原。

4)翻译翻译部分测试学生把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的水平，所占分值比例为15%，考试时间30分钟。

2019年12月英语四级真题解析（英语学习）今年的四级考试很多人都会说很难，四级每种题型有什么特点？下面就跟一起看看今年的各部分题型特点吧，希望可以对大家的备考有帮助。

2019年12月四级考试如期进行。

从笔者拿到的套题的阅读部分来看，整体难度适中，较往年趋于平稳。

选词填空部分（关于《children’s cognitive abilities儿童认知能力》）首先从选项设计上看，四大词性（名、动、形、副）考查数量分布均匀（3233），不确定形式（Ving 和Ved）共4个，另外只有advocate 一个词属于一词多性的情况，相对选项设计总体难度属于中等偏易。

再看文章部分，谈论的是关于儿童认知（children’s cognitive abilities）方面的知识的话题，属于小冷门，但文章语言表达适中，且短句占主体，平衡了话题生僻对考试带来的解题障碍。

其中cognitive还给出了中文注解，也正好应验了中文重要性的应试知识要点。

同时，空格设置处的词性相对比较容易判断，例如，名词前给出了单复数的区别的代词those作为提示，又例如，非谓语动词只考查了一个正在进行时，而做后置定语或状语的高难度应用本篇没有涉及。

段落匹配部分（The Perfect Essay）首先看备选的十个小标题，均无长难句，同时出现大量重复信息，例如除了与文章title 本身密切相关的essay ，flaw，flawless，perfection 以外，还有mother，criticism，从而能顺利预测出文章谈及的是通过母亲的有建设性的批评，提升作者的写作能力。

这也是先题后文解决段落匹配的技巧。

从长文章的段落设计上看，一共11段（K），属于段落数量适中的情况，也为匹配选择降低难度。

但对于所谓长阅读文章只看开头结尾的谬论，用真题再次给予回击，十道匹配中至少3题涉及段落中间部分，2题涉及对全段进行总结。

仔细阅读部分保持一贯的难易结合（即一篇相对简单，另一篇略有难度），第一篇文章（Silicon Valley）相对容易，文章讨论为何在其他地方无法复制硅谷（Silicon Valley）成功的原因。

2019 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part I Writing(30 minutes)请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activityorganized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood .You should write at least 120 words notmore than 180 words.【范文】Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing HomeVolunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th, which was highly appraisedby the elderly there.Upon the students’ arrival, tears of joy glistened in the seniors’ eyes when the young students prese well-prepared gifts. Then, the students talked to them one-on-one with kindness. Both the youth and the aged werewilling to share their life stories, immersing in an atmosphere of joy. When it was time for the youngsters to leave, theelderly thanked them over and over again. And the volunteers expressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned bythe optimism their elderly friends had for their future.According to Winston Churchill, a British statesman,“ we make a living by what we get, but we make a life by we give.” The visit not only enriches the seniors’ daily life, but also provides the youth with an opportunity to learn important life lessons from the elderly residents. By Aria, school newspaper【点评】写作试题是考查考生综合运用英语语言的能力，四级写作试题对考生的要求也越来越高。

2019年12月CET4CET6考试题型调整说明
2016年12月CET4/CET6考试题型调整说明
自2013年12月考次起，全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会将对四、六级考试的试卷结构和测试题型作局部调整。

调整后，四级和六级的
试卷结构和测试题型相同。

一、试卷描述
四级和六级的试卷结构、测试内容、测试题型、分值比例和考试时间
如下表所示：
二、新题型说明
1.单词及词组听写
原复合式听写调整为单词及词组听写，短文长度及难度不变。

要求考
生在听懂短文的基础上，用所听到的原文填写空缺的单词或词组，共
10题。

短文播放三遍。

2.长篇阅读
原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。

篇章后
附有10个句子，每句一题。

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要
求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。

有的段落可能对应两题，
有的段落可能不对应任何一题。

3.翻译
原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。

翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、
经济、社会发展等。

四级长度为140-160个汉字；六级长度为180-200个汉字。

三、成绩报道
成绩报道分为总分和单项分。

单项分包括：1）听力，2）阅读，3）翻译和写作。

四、样题
大学英语四级考试样题见。

大学英语六级考试样题见。

全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会。

投顶网1.像玩游戏一样背单词，和同学一起比赛、打擂PK非常有趣2.150多类词库：四级、六级、研究生、GRE、TOEFL……想背的单词基本都有3.免费、不用下载、不用安装您也可以加入投顶网的QQ群：58435079或者69620265 一起讨论投顶网最近推出了每天登陆开心背单词送宝物。

还推出了自己闯关的玩法！！感觉内容好，请转发给身边的同学和朋友！大学英语写作精要第一章四级英语写作概述第一节大纲要求四级考试短文写作的设计旨在测试学生用书面英语表达思想的一般能力。

教育部最新修订的“大学英语教学大纲”规定，学生在达到四级水平时应作到：能在阅读难度与课文相仿的书面材料时作笔记，回答问题和写提纲，能就一定的话题和提纲在半个小时内写出120-150词的短文，能写短信或便条，表达意思清楚，无重大语言错误。

一、大学英语四级作文考试大纲(新)要求：1．写作要求：1)时间为3O分钟。

2)文章长度为120—15O词。

3)题型：a．命题作文b．情景作文c．看图表作文d．给段首句作文e．给关键词作文。

4)语言：能正确表达思想，意义连贯，文理基本通顺，无重大语法错误。

5)内容：一般社会、文化或日常生活方面的常识和看法。

注：全国大学英语四级考试委员会规定：从1992年开始，在大学英语四级考试中设“作文最低分制”即作文最低分为六分；若考生作文成绩介于零分和六分之间，则其最后总成绩=卷面总分—6+作文得分；若考生作文成绩为零分，无论其总分多高，均按不及格记。

2．评分2.1评分原则l)CET-4是检查考生是否达到《大学英语教学大纲》规定的四级教学要求的考试，因此对作文的评判应以此要求为准则。

2)CET-4作文题采用总体评分方法。

阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分而不按语言点的错误数目扣分。

3)从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。

内容和语言是个统一体，作文应表达题目所规定的内容，而内容要通过语言来表达。

要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，还要考虑是否用英语清楚地表达思想，也就是要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。

考试时间：9：00～11：20 题型共六部分，第一部分作文题目在答题卡I上，其余五部分的题目在试题册上，答题卡I上包括作文和快速阅读，9：35才发试题册，考生9：40方可翻阅试题册。

9：55收答题卡I。

其余题目在答题卡II上答题，11：20收试题册和答题卡II 请考生注意! 考试吧预祝大家取得理想成绩!!!!关于今年四级考试的整体情况这次新四级的题型设置有最明显的变化是原来最后一部分的作文放到了第一项，在新四级考试当中第一项是作文，第二项是快速阅读，时间分别是半个小时和十五分钟。

作文和快速阅读这两项是要先做的，也就是说试卷1，做完之后老师就要收的。

在四十五分钟以后，就是试卷2，这上面是第三部分。

也就是说试卷1第一部分是听力，听力应该有三大块，Section A、Section B、Section C。

第一部分包括8道短对话，8道题，接下去是长对话，长对话有两个，每个对话分别有3—4道题。

S ection B就是三篇传统的听力文章。

Section C就是原来的复合听写。

特别要提醒大家的是，利用听力间隔时间，尽量浏览一下选项，这里面有三部分的间隔，也就是说在答A和C之前有一些指令，考生应该迅速抓住这个时间浏览一下。

尤其是听写的指令稍微复杂一些。

听力考完是第四部分，第四部分叫仔细阅读，仔细阅读里面又包括两个部分，第一部分是选词填空，也就是一篇文章，后面是两篇深度阅读理解，这两篇深度阅读跟传统的阅读理解长度、难度、出题的思路应该是一样的。

第五部分是完形，这个完形很可能还有一个替换的就是改错。

最后一部分是五分钟的翻译，也就是汉译英，这个翻译每个句式里面都有一半的提示，还有剩下一半的句字翻译，跟原来提供的句子还有翻译的要求。

在最后的阶段重点复习什么内容可以有比较大的提高空间?如果说从考试的方法和策略方面，我觉得后面几块尤其是传统的深度阅读，仔细阅读那部分我觉得方法性很强。

如果能力到了，你研究几篇最新的真题，比如06年6月的真题，05年1月，06年1月，体会到文章的难度、长度和密集点，总结一下规律性是比较强的。

——参考范本——【资格考试】2019最新整理-大学英语四六级考试写作题型分析及范文(2)______年______月______日____________________部门[例3]directions:for this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic losing and gaining weight according to the following.your composition should be less than 120 words.remember that the contents of the outline should all be included in your composition.outline:the comparison of one‘s body to a car： the similarities and differences of one’s body and one‘s car.1�眛he ways for gaining weight and losing weight.2�眒y own practices.[范文]losing and gaining weightthe process of gaining or losing weight can be explained by comparing your car. first，your car can‘t run if thereis no petrol or diesel oil. because it needs energy. the same thing happens to your body. your body also needs energy， the food you eat can be converted into energy，with which you can run， you can talk， you can do everything. second， if you eat too much you will gain weight. we know a car with too heavy load can�餿 run quickly and safely. maybe it will break down. for the same reason， if you are too fat， it isalso very inconvenient and dangerous. you might get heart disease，diabetes， and hypertension and so on. if such things happen， doctor would ask you to lose weight.you eat too much and you don't take exercise， you�餷l gain weight. so if you want to lose weight you have to do the opposite. you will be on a diet. you will go out and do some exercises， such as， running， swimming， and playing football，etc. soon， you�餷l be back in good condition and good shape again.as far as i am concerned， i get up and go to bed early，do plenty of exercises everyday， and pay special attention to the food i eat as well. i don�餿 eat too much meat. instead， my diet consists of vegetables， fruits， eggs，fish， and beans. by doing this i can keep fit.第三节关键词作文关键词作文是根据作文题目以及所给出的关键词写短文。

2019年6月大学英语四级真题与答案解析完整版Part I Writing<30 minutes>请于正式开考后半小时内完成该局部,之后将进展听力考试.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood .You should write at least 120 words not more than 180 words.[X文]Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing HomeVolunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th, which was highly appraised by the elderly there.Upon the students’ arrival, tears of joy glistened in the seniors’ eyes when the young students presented them with well-prepared gifts. Then, the students talked to them one-on-one with kindness. Both the youth and the aged were willing to share their life stories, immersing in an atmosphere of joy. When it was time for the youngsters to leave, the elderly thanked them over and over again. And the volunteers expressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned by the optimism their elderly friends had for their future.According to Winston Churchill, a British statesman, "we make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.〞The visit not only enriches the seniors’ daily life, but also provides the youth with an opportunity to learn some important life lessons from the elderly residents.By Aria, school newspaper[点评]写作试题是考查考生综合运用英语语言的能力,四级写作试题对考生的要求也越来越高.今年考查了新闻报道这一新的文章体裁,这也就意味着出题人更加强调学生把考场作文和真实生活中的写作联系在一起,对于学生观察生活的能力提出了更高的要求——注意到新闻的格式和内容安排的特点.一方面,新闻报道需要写出标题和落款,标题注意简洁明了,落款既要写出人名还要按照新闻报道的格式写出by sb.,最后还要写出所在的新闻机构.另一方面,在内容上,分三段进展写作,第一段写导语,点明事件的根本情况<时间、地点、事件、人物、目的或意义>;第二段写经过<一般按照时间顺序进展书写,同时可以对其中一个小事进展特写,中间还可以穿插人物采访>;第三段写对这一事件,人物的看法、想法和观点.在体裁上虽然不同于以往四级命题的规律,但是万变不离其宗的是仍然把学生对英语语言能力的运用能力作为考查重点.综观近五年的四级写作命题趋势,无论是要说明理由、解释原因、说明影响,第一段的功能始终都是引入,这跟新闻报道的第一段写导语是一致的,所以考生可以结合以往作文的行文思路作为切入点书写新闻报道.第二段是浓墨重彩的一段,而新闻报道与普通作文的区别是更侧重事实,所以要求考生在书写的时候只需要客观写出事情的起因、经过、结果即可.第三段无论是以往的作文还是新闻报道,都需要给出总结<对事件的看法和观点>,在新闻报道的结尾段作出对事件的评价和写出所的感悟就可以了.今年考查的话题是养老院、农场和当地小学,与考生的生活比拟贴近,在写作时,列举的例子应较为典型,这样阅卷教师很容明白考生文中所描述的内容.同时,考生对这个例子也应很熟悉,能够熟练运用一些有关的词或短语,这样下笔时才会有话可说,从而将相关的背景知识与正确的语言表达有效地结合起来.这些话题与大学生的生活息息相关.这些话题对于考生而言都会有话可说,并且能够提出一定的看法和观点.Part 2 Listening prehension<25 minutes>本次四级听力难度适中,就听力文本的主题而言,难度略有下降.因为今年这套听力的内容和大学生生活较为贴近,主题以校园,生活类为主,没有难度较大的政治,经济,科技,科普之类的主题,因而,对听力较好的同学而言,应该会感受到比往年题目听到的生词少.但题目设置上的难度并没有降低<没有题目,红色字体为猜想出题点>.由于目前还没有试卷选项,单就原文和出题位置来看,出题位置符合"头尾重点〞"逻辑〞处等考点,考生在应试时假如把握好这这些内容,应能较快反响出对应的答案.Section ANews report 1此篇新闻是关于一个从旧金山游到Alktrask岛屿的9岁男孩,首发于2016年1月美联社的报道.这属于社会新闻,是新闻中听懂难度较低的一种.但这篇新闻存在较多地点专有名词,可能会对考生在听力中造成影响.1. 新闻主旨题.重点听开头前两句.2. 新闻细节题.A 9-year-old central California boy braved strong currents and cold water to swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island and back. A California television station Enfresno, reported Tuesday that Jim Savage, set a record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison. The TV station reported that by pleting the swim, the fourth grade student from Losbanios broke a record previously held by a 10-year-old boy. Jim said that waves in the San Francisco Bay hitting him in the face 30 minutes into this swim, made him want to give up. His father said, he had offered his son 100 dollars as a reward. To encourage his struggling son, he doubled it to 200 dollars. James pushed forward, making it to Alcatraz Island and back in a little more than 2 hours. Alcatraz is over a mile from the mainland.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. What did the boy from central California do according to report?2. What did the father do to encourage his son?News report 2这篇新闻讲述了大家比拟熟悉的事件,关于我国将取消晚婚假.内容生词较少,对于考生听懂的难度应该不高.1. 考察新闻中"原因〞要素.由于是此篇新闻的第一题,考点句仍然落在头两句.2. 结尾处+转折处考点.On the first January,new regulations were ing to a fact which eliminated an annual leave bonus for people who put off marriage until the age of 23 for women and 25 for men, the South China morning post reports. The holiday bonus was to design to encourage young people to delay getting married, in lines with China’s one-child policy, but with the policy now been abolished, this holiday incentive is no longer necessary.The government says. In shanghai, the young couple at the registration office told the paper that they decided to register their marriage as soon as possible to take advantage of the existing policy. Because an extra holiday was a big deal for them. In Beijing, one registration office had about 300 couples seeking to get married the day after the changes were announced. Rather than the usual number, often between 70 and 80, but one lawyer tell the paper the changes still have to be adopted by local governments and this procedures take time, so people who are rushing for a marriage can relax.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. What was purpose of the annual leave bonus of China?4. What do we learn about the new regulations?New report 3这篇新闻新西兰两个女佣创业,专门负责清理家庭聚会后的残局.1. 主旨题.. 考点句位于开头处.3. 结尾考点.Everyone loves a good house party, but the cleaning up in the next morning isn’t as enjoyable. Now however, a New Zealand based startup pany aims to bring messy homes and even splitting headaches back to normal. The properly named startup Morning After Maids, was launched about 1 month ago in Auckland by room-maids Rebecca Folly and Catherine Ashers. Aside from cleaning up, the two will also cook breakfast and even get coffee and painkillers for recovering merrymakers. Although they are both gainfully employed, they did cleaning jobs into their nights and weekends which is when their service is in most demand anyway.Besides being flatted with request from across the country, Folly and Ashers have also received request from the US and Canada to provide the services there, they are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the business forward,Question 5—7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. what is the news report mainly about?6. what is the mon problem of the house party?7. what are Rebecca Folly and Catherin Ashish planning to do?Long Conversation 1长对话这篇长对话生活类题材,话题也是大家非常熟悉的考驾照.是两人就男生的驾考进展对话,男生是对话的核心,回答女生的问题.1. 细节题.答案在对话开头处.2. 细节题.3. 细节题.4. 细节题.W: Carl, how did your driver’s theory exam go? It was yesterday, right?M: Yes, I’ve prepared as much as I could. But I was so nervous since it was my second trial. The people who worked at the test center were very kind though. We had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit, and that was just what I needed. Then, after the exam, they printed out my result. But I was afraid to open it until I was outside. I was such a relief that I passed.W: Congratulations! I knew you could do it. I think you underestimated how difficult it would be the first time, didn’t you? I hear a lot of people make that mistake and go in underprepared. But good job in passing the second time. I’m so proud of you. Now, all you have to do next is your road test. Have you had any lessons yet?M: Yes, thanks. I’m so happy to be actually on the road now. I’ve only had two driving lessons so far, and my instructor is very understanding. So,I’m really enjoying it. I can’t wait for my next session. Although the lessons are ra ther expensive. 20 pounds an hour, and the instructor says I’ll need above 30—40 lessons in total, that’s what? 6—8 hundred pounds. So, this time, I’ll need to make a lot more effort, and hopefully, I’ll be successful the first time.W: Well, good luck.Questions 8—11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What did the man do yesterday?9. Why did he fail the exam the first time?10. What does the man say about his driving lessons?11. What does the man hope to do next?Long Conversation 2这篇对话是校园场景类的对话,出现了很多往年校园场景类对话中出现过的词汇.对话内容是两个学生在讨论他们的学习和毕业后的工作.开头题,考点句就在第一轮对话的问句里.细节题,这轮对话是女生提问,男生回答,重点听男生说话,不难发现only 所在的句子.细节题.和第二题同一轮对话,所以重点仍然是男生说自己,或者女生说对方的内容.最后一轮对话是男生提问,所以重点听女生.关注but转折后的内容.M: Emma, I’ve got accepted to the university of Leads. Since you’re going to university in England, do you know how much it is for international students to study there?W: Congratulations. Yes, I believe for international students, you’ll have to pay around 13,000 pounds a year, it’s just a bit more than the local students.M: OK, that’s about 17,000 dollars for the tuition and fees. Anyway, I’m only going to be there for a year, doing my masters. So it’s pretty good. If I stayed in the U.S., it’d take 2 years, and cost at least 50,000 dollars in tuition alone. Also, I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leads, which would be pretty awesome, the benefit of being a music genius.W: Yeah, I heard you are a talented piano player. So you are doing a post- graduate degree now? I’m still in my last year, graduating next June. Finally, I’ll be done with my studies, and could go on to earning lots of money.M: Are you still planning on being a teacher? No money at that job then.W: You’d be surprised, I’m still going to be a teacher. But the plan is to work at an inte rnational school overseas, after I get a year or so experience in England. It’s better paid, and I get to travel, which reminds me I’m late for my class, andI’ve got some documents I need to print out first. I’ve got to run.Questions 12—15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. What does the man want to know?13. What is the man going to do?14. What might qualify the man for a scholarship at the leads university?15. What is the woman planning to do after graduation?Passage 1短文第一篇是说明介绍性的文章,介绍了蚂蚁,着重介绍了对于人类房屋有危害的蚂蚁品种.文章主旨题,答案出现在听力开篇处.第二题的出现位置较后,需要考生保持耐心.听到"in addition〞的时候紧X起来,就能听到答案句最后一道题往往出在结尾处.反复出现的信息.原文：Scientists have identified thousands of known ants species around the world. And only a few of them bug humans. Most ants live in the woods, or out in nature. There, they keep other creatures in check, distribute seeds, and clean dead and decaying materials from the ground. A very small percentage of ants do harm to humans. But those are incredibly challenging to control. They are small enough to easily slip inside your house. Live in colonies that number in the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands, and reproduce quickly. That makes them good at getting in, and hard to kick out. Once they settle in, these insects start affecting your home. In addition to barging ants, other species can cause different kinds of damage. Some, like carpenter ants, can undermine a home structure, while others interfere with the electrical units.Unfortunately, our homes are very attractive to ants, because it provides everything the colony needs to survive, such as food, water, and shelter. So, how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes? Most important of all, avoid giving ants any access to food, particularly sugary food, because ants have a sweet tooth. We also need to clean up spills as soon as they occur, and store food in air-tight containers. Even garbage attracts ants, so empty your trash as often as possible. And store your outside garbage in a lidded can, while away from doors and windows.Questions 16—18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.16. What does the passage say about ants?17. What do we learn from the passage about carpenter ants?18. What can we do to prevent ants from getting into our homes?Passage 2短文第2篇是一篇自述,介绍了"我〞在老年保健领域的研究工作.体裁接近下午六级section C.文章主旨题,答案出现在听力开篇处,第一句话直接出答案,在开头走神的考生很容易失去第一道题的答案.细节题.细节题,和第2 题的位置很接近.但通过反复听到的"old〞和〞health〞,不难找到答案.原文：My research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age. So the job of the immune system is to fight infections. It also protects us from viruses and from autoimmune diseases. We know that as we get older, it's easier for us to get affections. So older adults have more chances of falling ill. This is evidence that our immune system really doesn't func tion so well when we age. In most of our work, when we were looking at older adults who’ve got an illness, we always have to have health controls. So we work very closely with a great group of volunteers called the One Thousand Elders, these volunteers are all 65 or over, but in good health. They e to the university to provide us with blood samples to be interviewed and to help us to carry out a whole range of research. The real impact of our research is going to be on health in old age. At the moment, we are living much longer. Life expectancy is increasing at 2 years for every decade, that means an extra 5 hours a day. I want to make sure that older adults are still able to enjoy their old age, and that they are not spending time in hospital with infection. Felling unwell and being generally weak we want people to be healthy even when they are old.Questions 19—21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What is the focus of the speaker’s research?20. What are the volunteers are asked to do in the research?21. What does the speaker say will be the impact of his research?Passage 3短文第3篇是记叙文,人物故事题.介绍了一个教师在小学教授国际象棋的事,也介绍了这所小学的教学特点.介绍学校和人物故事是四级短文出现很屡次的类型.1. 第一题答案仍然出现在听力开篇处,第一句话直接出答案.2. 细节题.3. 细节题4. 细节题.When Ted Komada started teaching 14 years ago at Kilip Elementary, he didn’t know how to manage a classroom and was struggling to connect with students, he noticed a couple of days after school that a group of kid would get together to play chess. "I know how to play chess, let me go and show these kids how to do it,〞he said. Now, Komada coaches the school’s chess team. The whole program started as a safe place for kids to e after school. And this week, dozens of those students are getting ready to head out to Nashville Tennessee to pete with about 5000 other young people at the Super Nationals of Chess. The petition only happens every four years, and the last time the team went, they won the third place in the nation. Komada says Chess gives him and his students control. The school has the highest number of kids from low-ine families. Police frequent the area day and night. As 2 months ago, a young man was shot just down the street. Komada likes to teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it. The lessons proved valuable outside the classroom as well. Many parents see these lessons translate into the real world. Students are more likely to think about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble.Questions 22—25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What did Ted Komada notice one day after he started teaching at Kilip Elementary?23. What are dozens of students from Komada’s school going to do this week?24. What do we learn about the students of Kilip Elementary?25. What have the students learned from Komada?Part ⅢReading prehension <40 minutes>Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ANSWER SHEET 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs <暗礁> perfect for scuba driving <水肺式潜泳> and preserving marine 26 . Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn’t normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was 27 of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today/ Not only will the sunken plane 28 the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourist to the area.The plane 29 a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will 30 be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane’s 31 . Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private pany for j ust under US$100,000,but they hope to see a return on that 32 through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the 33 of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go,this Airbus A300 is the largest 34 sunk aircraft ever.Taking a trip underwater and 35 the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver’s paradise<天堂>.A> create B> depressed C> eventually D> Experiences E> exploring F> exterior G> habitats H> innovateI>intentionally J>investment K>revealing L>stretchesM>stripped N>territory O>victim答案：26. G 27. M 28. A 29. L 30.C 31.F 32. J 33. O 34. I 35. E[答案解析]26. 根据空格位置,marine此处形容词,可判断出26题应为名词.marine的意思是"海生的,海运的〞固定搭配"marine habitat〞海洋栖息地.所以此题答案为"G〞habitat"栖息地〞.27. 根据空格位置,词性应该为动词的被动态.本篇文章对A300持有肯定态度,所以此句想表达"A300〞对环境没有任何潜在的坏处,故答案应为"M〞, "be stripped of〞意为"剥夺〞.28. 此题空格前有"will〞, 所以此处应填动词原形.选项中动词原形有"A〞和"H〞, 根据句意得知,沉没的飞机可以让人工珊瑚长的更好.所以此题答案为"A〞,create"创造,产生〞.29. 此处应填动词原形,主语为"plane〞,故谓语动词应为单三形式.所以答案是"L〞,stretches意为"延伸〞,此处指"飞机机身总长为54米〞.30. 此处应填副词,用来修饰后面的"be able to venture〞, 答案应锁定在"C〞eventually和"L〞intentionally.这句话的意思是水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险.应当选项"C〞eventually"最终地〞,更符合句意.31. 此处应填名词形式,因为空格前为"plane’s〞.名词选项有"F〞和"N〞.空格处前半句是时候水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险,所以后半句应该为他们也可以在船舱外面冒险.故答案为"F〞exterior"外部,外表〞.32. 因为空格前为"on that〞...所以此处应为名词.本句话的大意是：买这架飞机花了很多钱,所以他们希望通过旅游业能够看到自己投资的回报.所以答案为"J〞investment"投资〞.33. 此处应填名词形式.空格后的内容为"严重的致命恐怖袭击〞,所以空格处应为victim"受害者〞.故答案为"O〞.34. 此处应为副词形式.因为副词修饰形容词"largest〞.副词只剩"I〞intentionally有目的性地,故意地,修饰后面sunk, 所以此题答案为"I〞.35. 此题应为v.-ing形式,与and前的"taking a trip underwater〞保持并列."E〞exploring和"K〞revealing都是v.-ing形式.根据本句句意,"E〞exploring"探索〞更符合句意.本句话的意思是"水下旅行和探索沉没的A300的内部都会是一场冒险〞.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with <继续处理> the emails that have inevitably still piled up.[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher, more resilient <有复原力的> and determined in our work so we can acplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have e to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem es from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.[C] We often take a militaristic, "tough〞approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our panies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We "stop〞work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have bee workaholics<工作狂>. The scientists cite a definition of "workaholism〞as "being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas.〞[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical pany to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we ac quire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to "try hard〞requires burning energy in order to overe your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we bee due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally rec over, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: "Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.〞If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political mentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about howto renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.[M] As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.43. The author has e to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.答案：答案：36.D 37. J 38. L 39. A 40. E 41. K 42. I 43.B 44. G 45. C36. 答案：D.题干中inadequate recovery替换原文D段中的lack of a recovery.37. 答案：J.题干中relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is替换原文J段中第二句的the mental or physical resources required.38. 答案：L.题干中increases one’s work efficiency替换原文L段最后一句中的raises your productivity39. 答案：A.题干中has a hectic time before taking a flight.替换原文A段第三句中的Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight.40. 答案：E.题干中Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.替换原文E段第一句的And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering.41. 答案：K.题干中technology be used to prevent people from overworking替换原文K段第二句中的by using technology to control overworking.42. 答案：I题干中rest does not equal recovery替换原文I段中最后一句That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.43. 答案：B.题干中problem results from a misunderstanding替换原文B段最后一句中的the problem es from a misconception.44. 答案：G题干中developed from their upbringing替换原文G段中第一句的often bred from an early age45. 答案：C题干中People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.替换原文C 段第二句中的We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A>, B>, C> and D> . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding…….Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestion 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls. But it might be time …….. training—this summer, a group of culture addicts, artists and munity organization …. New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor’s Island.The project is called Writing On it All, and it’s a participatory writing project ….. that has happened on Governor’s Island every summer since 2013."Most of the participants are people who are just walking by or are on the island…..,or they just kind of happen to be there,〞Alexandra Chasin , artistic director…… tells Smithsonian..The 2016 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by …..to domestic workers . Each session has a theme, and participants are give ….and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art. ….range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one……of exile.…..vernor’s Island is a national historic landmark district long used for ….own as "New York’s shared space for art and play,〞the island , …… and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay ,is closed to cars but open to …for festivals, piics, adventures, as well as these "legal graffiti<涂鸦>…… notes and art scribbled <涂画>on the walls are an experiment in。