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Earth is the only planet we know of where life exists.地球是人类已知的唯一存在生命的星球And, here, it does so in abundance.而且这里生机盎然The jungle is Eden.雨林宛如伊甸园般美好It covers less than 6% of the Earth's surface它仅占地球表面积的百分之六but it's home to half of all却分布着世界上the plants and animals on land.一半的动植物物种Jungles have just the right amount of light, water and nutrients, 雨林拥有适宜的光照水源和养分and they have had every day for millennia.千百年来一直如此Life here should be easy.在这里生存应该不难This is an indri.这是一只大狐猴It's a primate, like us.他和我们一样是灵长类动物And these forests in Madagascar are its home.马达加斯加的这片森林就是他的家But to survive here...但是要在这里生存it has to face one major challenge.他不得不面对一个巨大的挑战Paradise is crowded.天堂有点拥挤Life fills every niche.每个角落都有物种栖息And, at any one time,每分每秒a staggering variety of species and countless individuals都有生命为了空间与食物斗争不已are striving for space and food.种类繁多数不胜数Like every jungle animal,和所有雨林中的动物一样indri have to find their own way to survive大狐猴需要找到自己的方法in the most competitive place on Earth.才能在地球上竞争最为激烈的地方生存下去Jungles are complex places...雨林错综复杂tangled three-dimensional worlds丰富的热带植物created by lush tropical vegetation.交织出一个立体世界of the animals here spend their whole lives up in the trees.这里有九成的动物在树上度过一生90%And each of them has to find its own way of getting around. 每一种动物都有自己的生存之道Hanging 100 feet above the ground, a spider monkey.一只蜘蛛猴悬挂于距离地面三十米高的地方They travel in family groups他们以家庭为单位行动and find everything they need in the top storey of the jungle. 在雨林的最上层获取生存的必需品Up here isn't a place for the faint-hearted.这么高的地方可不适合胆小的物种With long limbs and a prehensile tail that can grip like a hand, 修长的四肢加上灵活如手的卷尾they're built for climbing.他们就是为攀爬而生的But imagine having to learn these skills as high up as this.但是要在这么高的地方学习这些技巧One third of spider monkeys never make it to adulthood.三分之一的蜘蛛猴都活不到成年This youngster is only a few months old.这只幼崽只有几个月大Her future depends on her ability to climb.她的未来取决于她的攀爬能力Playing on a practice tree with her older brother and sister,通过和哥哥姐姐在练习树上玩耍she's already learning to use her tail as a safety line...她已经学会用尾巴当安全索under her father's close watch.一切都在父亲的注视之下She's keen to join in the game but she's the youngest and,她很想加入游戏但是由于年纪最小as is the way of things, she's not always welcome.有时候不太受大家欢迎So she chooses her own place to play.所以她自己找了个地方玩耍But not all trees are the same.但是树木不尽相同This one is for more advanced climbers.这棵树需要更高的攀爬技巧Enthusiasm? Certainly!论积极性毋庸置疑Technique?但论技术Room for improvement.有待提高Meanwhile, some of her family have moved on此时她的几个家庭成员to look for a new patch of fresh food.去其它地方寻找新鲜食物了The top of the canopy isn't for youngsters.树冠顶端不是幼猴该去的地方But father's not looking and the temptation to join the others可父亲没有看着她加入大家的诱惑is irresistible.又实在无法抗拒She'll need to be careful.她必须小心翼翼A fall from here would mean certain death.从这里跌落必死无疑It's the first time she's been as high as this on her own.这是她第一次独自爬到如此高的地方As she climbs still higher, the branches get thinner and thinner. 她越爬越高树枝越来越细Her tail has caught her...尾巴救了她一命but now she's stuck in mid-air,可她现在被困在空中...unable to reach any other branch.够不到其它的树枝Father, however, was watching.而父亲其实一直关注着He's big and strong enough他的身体强壮有力to form a bridge with his body可以搭成一座桥so that she can climb to safety.让孩子爬回安全地带Lesson learned.吃一堑长一智But it's not just monkeys that live here, up in the treetops.但是在树顶生活的不仅仅是猴子And, if you are small,如果体型足够小finding the right tree can mean a home for life.找一棵合适的树相当于找到了一生的家He's a Draco lizard.这是一只飞蜥He's only the size of a pencil and he eats ants.体型只有铅笔大小以蚂蚁为食This one tree could provide him with all he will ever need... 这棵树可以为他提供一生所需的食物a conveyor belt of food.就像回转寿司一样源源不断It's a perfect place to settle down.这是完美的栖身之所Well, it would be...本来是的but there's already someone here.可这里已经有蜥蜴安家了...This larger male is the tree's owner.这只大点的雄蜥蜴是这棵树的主人And Dracos don't share.而飞蜥从不分享The owner's flag is a warning.主人的旗帜是个警告Trespassers won't be tolerated.对入侵者绝不手软The owner's not only intimidating...他不仅是在恐吓对手he's prepared to battle.同时也做好了战斗的准备...A dead end.无处可逃了Safety is a long way away.形势万分危急Now he must choose.现在他必须做出选择Fight...迎战or flee?还是逃跑...Only in the jungle do you find lizards只有在雨林中你才能看到that can soar like dragons.像龙一样翱翔的蜥蜴He can travel over 100 feet in a single leap.他纵身一跃可以飞出三十余米It's a very fast and efficient way to move through the jungle.这是一种高速而有效的穿越雨林的方式Maybe this new tree will have food and no resident owner.没准这会是一棵无人占领而又食物充足的树Everything in the jungle has to compete for space.雨林中的所有物种都在争夺生存空间Only 2% of the sun's rays reach the ground...只有百分之二的光线会到达地面so even the plants must battle for the light they need所以即使是植物也要争夺生长...if they're to grow.所需的阳光years ago, this Hura tree began its race for light.三百年前这棵响盒子就开始努力汲取阳光300And every day since,日复一日地it has absorbed the water and sunshine it needed它吸收着成长所需的水分和阳光to grow into a giant.终于长成参天大树It has succeeded in doing what every tree must do to survive... 它与其他树木一样努力生长rise above the gloom of the jungle floor.终于摆脱雨林底层的昏暗脱颖而出...And, what is more, its success has given life to others.不仅如此它还养活了很多其它的生命Its branches now carry 1,000 other plants.它的树枝上长着千余种植物These particular ferns, figs and orchids这些蕨类无花果和兰科植物live only on the branches of other trees.只在寄生在其他树木的树枝上plants growing on one single tree.近千种植物在一棵树上济济一堂1,000Throughout the forest, this story is repeated endless times.整片森林之中这样的情景随处可见As a consequence, jungles are home正因如此雨林中植物物种的数量to more species of plants than anywhere else on Earth.是地球上最多的And they, in turn, support a wealth of animals.而这些植被成为大量动物赖以生存的家园In Ecuador, the competition is at its most intense.在厄瓜多尔生存竞争尤为激烈Here, there are 100 species of hummingbirds alone...在这里光是蜂鸟就有一百种all fighting for nectar.都在争夺花蜜...Each flower only has a small amount at any one time,每朵花一次只能产出少量花蜜and so it's first come, first served.所以先到先得One hummingbird has gone to great lengths这种蜂鸟竭尽全力to avoid conflict with other species.试图避免与其他物种的争斗Swordbills are the only bird with a beak longer than their body.刀嘴蜂鸟是唯一一种喙长于身体的鸟类And some flowers are too elongated有些植物花冠极其细长for the other 99 species of hummingbirds here其它九十九种蜂鸟to feed from them.都无法吃到里面的花蜜A swordbill's extraordinary beak, however,刀嘴蜂鸟凭借极长的喙enables it to reach the places that others can't...可以够到其它蜂鸟无法触及的地方the top of this flower, where the sweet nectar is produced.也就是这种花朵基部的蜜腺...It has found a solution它找到了解决方法that means it doesn't have to join the fight.不必和其它蜂鸟争夺食物And, as each long flower blooms,细长的花朵们竞相盛开it gives the swordbill a fresh supply of food all to itself.为刀嘴蜂鸟提供了专属的新鲜花蜜But having a beak longer than your body does have its drawbacks. 不过喙比身体长也是有缺点的For a start, it's tricky to keep it clean.首先想保持干净就有点难度Harder still, how do you preen your body feathers?更麻烦的是要如何整理羽毛呢Unlike the other hummers,不像其它蜂鸟swordbills can't reach their feathers with their beak.刀嘴蜂鸟的喙够不到身上的羽毛The only option, a good old scratch.唯一的办法就是用爪子挠It's a little unrefined...虽然不太优雅but a small price to pay for an exclusive food supply...但这是独享食物要付出的一点小代价...especially when feeding times尤其是进食时间...are only too frequently interrupted by storms.经常被暴雨天气打断的时候Jungles are the richest places on Earth雨林是地球上自然资源最丰富的地区because of one remarkable fact...个中原因令人惊奇they make their own weather.雨林能够自己制造天气...Every day, water rises from the surface of the leaves as vapour. 每天水分都会从叶表蒸发变成水蒸气It's as if the trees breathe out clouds.如同树木在呼出云They gather over the forest until, finally...水汽逐渐集结在森林上空直到...they burst.汇成倾盆大雨...Rain is the lifeblood of every jungle.雨是雨林的命脉And all have to do their best to endure the daily downpour.动物们每天都要经受暴雨的考验In some jungles, like here in Brazil,有一些雨林比如巴西的这里it rains so much that, for part of the year,由于降雨量特别大一年中总有一段时间the trees are almost totally submerged.树木几乎被完全淹没The forest floor is 30 feet below the water's surface.水面至林地表层深达九米This is a mysterious world,这是一个神秘的世界a place few people have ever explored.鲜少有人踏足We have much to discover这里分布的许多动物about the animals for which this is home...都值得我们去探索including some you might never expect to find amongst trees. 有些物种你可能从未想过会在雨林里见到...Here, 1,000 miles from the sea, are dolphins.距离海洋一千六百公里的这个地方有江豚A newly identified species of river dolphin这种淡水豚是一个新种found nowhere else on Earth.在地球上其它地方均无分布In these black, tangled waters,由于生活在黑暗而复杂的河水里they have become almost totally blind,他们的双眼几乎完全失明so they move slowly,所以他们游得很慢carefully using their sonar to scan the forest floor for fish.仔细地用声纳扫描林地表层寻找鱼类为食If this forest can hide a new species of dolphin...如果这片森林里能隐居着新种江豚what else might there be here, awaiting discovery?那还会有多少新奇物种等着我们去发现呢...At the shallow margins of the flooded jungle,这片泛洪雨林边缘的泥岸浅水区rivers flow through lush vegetation.河流穿过茂密的植被Here, food is so abundant, it supports giants.这里食物充足养育着一些大型动物Capybara, the biggest rodents in the world...水豚世界上最大的啮齿动物giant otters the size of a man...大水獭体型堪比成年男性...and the rulers of these rivers...还有称霸河流的王者...caiman.凯门鳄...They grow to ten feet long and kill anything它们体长可达三米they get between their jaws.能杀死一切落入口中的猎物But there are more artful hunters...然而还有更狡猾的捕猎者drawn here from the surrounding forest.从周围的森林里被吸引至此...A jaguar, the supreme jungle predator.美洲豹雨林中顶端的捕食者The river marks the edge of his territory...这条河是他领地的边界but here he has competition.但在这里他遇到了竞争对手...He's now in the territory of a female.他闯入了一只母美洲豹的地盘She has ruled this stretch of river for five years.她统治这一河段已有五年之久This is her place to hunt.这是她狩猎的地方Capybara are strong and wary.水豚既强壮又机警The key is stealth.狩猎关键在于悄无声息She needs to get within three feet if she's to pounce.想袭击它们她必须靠近到一米之内Not this time.这次没成功She's not the only female here.她不是这里唯一的母豹Each part of this jungle's edge is ruled by a different queen.在雨林边缘的不同区域各有一只母豹称后Few places on Earth have enough food to support so many big cats. 很少地方有足够的食物能养活这么多只大猫The male hunts in a different way.公美洲豹的捕猎方式则有所不同Weighing almost 300 lbs, it's hard to be stealthy...一百三十公斤的体重很难做到悄无声息and with so many other jaguars around,加上周围还有很多美洲豹...he doesn't bother with wary capybara.他就不费心去抓警觉的水豚了He seeks a different prey.他寻找另一种猎物He's become a killer of killers.他成了捕猎杀手的杀手Jaguars have the most powerful bite of any cat.美洲豹的咬合力是所有猫科动物里最强的And he knows the caiman's most vulnerable point...而且他知道凯门鳄最脆弱的部位the back of its skull.是它的后脑勺...Hunters living in the dense understorey of the jungle 在浓密的下木层中生活的捕猎者come in all shapes and sizes.形态各异But they share a problem.但它们有一个共同的难题How to tell what is a plant, and what is prey.如何分辨植物和猎物This is a game of hide and seek这是个捉迷藏游戏that can be won or lost in the blink of an eye.眨眼间就能定输赢The long contest between predator and prey捕猎者和猎物之间经过漫长的斗争has produced mimicry of astounding accuracy.形成了令人震惊的拟态水平A leaf-tailed gecko masquerading as lichen.一只叶尾壁虎正伪装成地衣Some animals take camouflage a stage further still... 有些动物把伪装发挥到更高境界and these streams in Costa Rica在哥斯达黎加的这条小溪里...are home to one of the most remarkable.住着一位杰出的伪装大师A glass frog.一只玻璃蛙A male, and tiny, no bigger than your fingernail这只雄蛙尺寸迷你只有人的指甲大小and almost entirely transparent...身体几乎完全透明as he needs to be.这很有必要...Almost everything that walks past here could eat him, 几乎所有经过这里的动物都能吃掉它even a cricket.甚至是一只蟋蟀His best chance is to stay absolutely still想活命它就要保持静止不动and trust that the cricket looks right through him.希望蟋蟀的视线能直接穿透它Danger passed,危险过去了and that's just as well,幸好如此because he is a father...因为他作为一名父亲and he's guarding some very precious eggs.正在保护珍贵的卵...For the last few weeks, females, one after the other,过去几周雌蛙们相继来和他交配have visited him and entrusted him with their offspring.并将保护后代的重任交给他Some are now almost ready to hatch.有些卵快孵化了There are several clutches on the leaf, and those at the top, 叶子上有几团卵块最上面的那一团the most recently laid, are barely a day old.是最近产下的还不到一天大But in the jungle, there's always someone out to get you.可是在雨林里总有其它动物虎视眈眈This wasp is a specialist hunter of frogs' eggs.这只黄蜂是捕食蛙卵的专家It's noticed the wriggling tadpoles at the bottom of the leaf. 它在叶子底部发现了正在蠕动的小蝌蚪们He mustn't move.他决不能移动The youngest eggs are the most vulnerable,刚产下的卵是最脆弱的and he can't guard them all.他无法同时保护所有的卵But these tadpoles are not as helpless as they might appear. 但这些小蝌蚪并不像表面看起来那样无助Incredibly, the unhatched tadpoles can sense danger,难以置信的是未孵化的蝌蚪能感应到危险and the oldest and strongest那些最成熟和最强壮的wriggle free and drop into the stream below.可以扭动着挣脱出来掉进下方的溪流里The eggs at the top of the leaf, however,然而叶子顶部的卵are still too young to hatch,还未能孵化and now the wasps know they're there.但黄蜂已经知道它们的存在But the male's back不过雄蛙的背部looks very like the youngest cluster of eggs...看起来很像新产下的卵块and that seems to confuse the wasps.这似乎迷惑住了黄蜂...Using his own body as a decoy is a huge risk.拿自己的身体当诱饵非常冒险The wasp stings could kill him.如果被黄蜂蛰伤他会送命的He's managed to save most of his young.他成功救下了大部分的后代He'll have to remain on guard for another two weeks, 他还得再保持警惕两周but in the jungle,不过在雨林里just surviving the day can count as a success.能活过一天都算是一种胜利With the coming of the night,当夜幕降临a new cast of jungle characters takes to the stage.另一批雨林主角们登上了舞台Flying insects begin to glow as they search for mates. 飞虫们开始为寻找伴侣而发光Fungi, unlike plants,菌类与植物不同thrive in the darkness of the forest floor.在阴暗的森林地面茁壮地成长They're hidden until they begin to develop它们隐匿起来直到绽放的时刻the incredible structures with which they reproduce. 便以惊人的姿态生长繁殖Each releases millions of microscopic spores每株蘑菇释放出数以百万的微型孢子that drift invisibly away.无形地飘散各处Many have fruiting bodies许多长出子实体的蘑菇that reach upwards to catch any feeble current努力朝上生长以捕捉潮湿空气中there might be in the clammy air.可能存在的稀薄氧气But this one, as it grows,然而这一株长着长着becomes luminous.却发起了光Why fungi light up has remained a mystery...蘑菇发光的原因一直是个谜团until now.直到现在才被解开...Scientists studying the brightest fungi in the world科学家研究了世界上最亮的蘑菇think they may have an answer.认为他们或许找到了答案Like a beacon, the light attracts insects.光线像灯塔一样吸引着昆虫From far and wide.从四处赶来To this click beetle, a bright light means only one lennia 对这只扣头虫来说光亮只意味着一件事...a female click beetle,一只雌性扣头虫so he flashes in reply.所以他亦发光回应But he doesn't get the reception he was expecting.但没有得到预期的反应Confused, he starts searching for a female,他疑惑不解开始四处寻找雌虫and that helps the fungus.这可帮了蘑菇的大忙By the time he gives up, he's covered in the fungus's spores.当他放弃的时候浑身已沾满了蘑菇的孢子And, as he continues his quest for a female,在他继续寻找雌虫时he carries these spores to other parts of the forest.也一同将这些孢子传播到了森林他处And there are even stranger things glowing in the jungle night.这晚雨林中还有更奇特的东西在发光These are the multicoloured lights of a railroad worm.这是火车虫[苹绕实蝇]的多彩灯光It's not really a worm,然而它并不是一种蠕虫but a poisonous, caterpillar-like beetle.而是一种酷似毛毛虫的有毒甲虫The yellow lights warn other creatures to keep out of its way.黄灯亮起以警告其他动物莫要挡道It's hunting for millipedes.它在寻找千足虫When it finds the trail of one,当它发现可疑踪迹时it switches off its yellow lights.便会熄灭黄灯Now it only has a red light on its head.现在它仅留一盏头顶的红灯Millipedes can't see red light.千足虫看不见红光So, to them, the railroad worm所以对它们来说火车虫已经in stealth mode is virtually invisible.切换成了完全隐身的潜行模式And that is the end of the millipede.千足虫的生命终结了Competition in the jungles forces animals to specialise 雨林中的生存竞争迫使动物们在方方面面in every aspect of their life,都成了生活的行家including courtship.包括求偶This has produced some of the most beautiful这也催生出了一些地球上and elaborate displays on the planet.最美秒最精巧的展示A male red bird-of-paradise,一只红色的雄性天堂鸟competing to attract a female by dancing.正在用舞蹈来争取一只雌鸟的青睐One has come to survey what's on offer.她来看看是否有佳偶在此等候She is an independent lady,她是一位独立有主见的女士and she will select whichever male takes her fancy.可以任意选择自己中意的男士She makes her choice.她作出了选择But now she doesn't seem quite so sure.但这会儿好像又不太确定No?不行吗Perhaps he's just a little too keen.可能他有点太急切了Maybe he'll have better luck tomorrow.也许明天他会好运一些Red birds-of-paradise display in the treetops.红色天堂鸟在树梢间炫技求偶Other members of the family而家族里的其他成员dance in the gloom of the forest floor.却在森林地面的阴暗处起舞This is a Wilson's bird-of-paradise.这是一只威尔逊天堂鸟He's brightly coloured, but about the size of a sparrow.他颜色艳丽但只有麻雀大小He's lived most of his life alone, but now he's an adult,他之前大多独自生活但现在成年了and he too needs to attract a mate.急需吸引一位伴侣This little patch of light might help him do so.这个小光斑或许能帮到他First, he tidies things up.首先他把这里收拾干净Showing off in this jumble of leaves wouldn't be easy,在一堆杂乱的树叶间炫耀舞技可不容易and his beauty will stand out better against a plain background. 简单的背景才更能衬托他的美丽He doesn't want bright leaves to divert a visitor's attention.他可不希望鲜艳的叶子转移了观众的注意They all need to go.它们都得被清理掉Even the green ones.就连绿色的也不能留Especially the green ones.尤其是绿色的His stage is set.他的舞台搭好了A central pole, and a little patch of light.一个中心支柱一点光斑It's perfect.完美And now, he must hope a female hears his call.现在他必须期待雌鸟能听见他的呼唤He can wait here for weeks on end.他能在这里连等上几周At last, a female.终于雌鸟来了Time to take up position.是时候就位了She will judge him by the brightness of his feathers.雌鸟要通过雄鸟羽毛的光泽来衡量他But for the female to see him at his best,但为了向雌鸟展示他的最佳状态he needs her to perch directly above his stage,他需要她落座于舞台的正上方under the light.在那束阳光下This might be his only chance to shine.这也许是他唯一一次闪耀的机会Now, when she's looking directly down on him,现在当她垂直俯视他的时候he reveals a display for her eyes only.他只为她的目光而表演In the gloom of the forest floor,在这森林地表的阴暗处he is a dazzling blaze of iridescent green.他就是那最绚烂最夺目的一抹绿色The brightest leaf in the forest.森林里最耀眼的叶子And that does the trick.他成功了Each animal must find its own way of每个动物都必须找到独家方法surviving the competition of the jungle.才能在雨林的竞争中生存下来This crowded world is so full of invention这个拥挤的世界充满了创造力that almost all kinds of animals on land几乎陆地上所有的物种can trace their origins back here...都能从这里找到起源including us.包括人类...These forests in Madagascar马达加斯加的这片森林are home to one of our distant cousins.是我们一位远亲的家园This female indri这只雌性大狐猴has fought to keep this particular patch of forest曾为她和家族能在森林里有一处安身之地safe for herself and her family.而英勇奋战Every morning, the family come together to sing,每天清晨家族成员们聚在一起歌唱their way of reminding others that this is their home.她们在提醒别人这是她们的家园Indri are so closely adapted to living here大狐猴非常适应这里的生存环境that now they can live nowhere else.以至于现在已无法生存于别处For them and the billions of animals with whom对她们以及其他数十亿they share their home,共享家园的动物来说the jungle is a sanctuary.雨林是个庇护所But this is changing.然而一切正遭受着变故Even in the ten years since the head of this family was born,在家族首领出生的这十年里one million hectares of the rainforest have been destroyed仅在马达加斯加就有一百万公顷的雨林in Madagascar alone,遭到破坏and, with it, half the indri families that once lived there.而那里曾栖息着半数的大狐猴家族The local people say the indris are our brothers当地居民说大狐猴是我们的兄弟and their song is a call to remind us that we, too,他们的歌声也是在提醒我们once depended on the jungle.人类也曾经依靠雨林为生This Eden is still a place of wonder and magic.这片伊甸园仍是充满奇迹和魔法的天堂Something, surely, worth protecting.有些生命毋庸置疑值得我们保护an8\pos(192,74.133)}{\fsp2\fn方正兰亭细黑_GBK\b0\bord0\blur0\shad0\fad(50,200)}行星地球{\b1}2{\fn 方正兰亭黑_GBK\b0} 拍摄日记{\Jungles are still some of the least explored places on Earth,雨林仍然是地球上被探索最少的地方and with good reason.而这是有原因的They are testing places to work.在这种地方工作是一项考验Here in the flooded forests of Brazil,在巴西这片泛洪雨林里the team are on the trail摄制组正在追踪of a newly discovered species of river dolphin.一种新发现的淡水豚So little is known about it我们对它知之甚少that just finding it will be a challenge.光是找到它的踪迹都是一项挑战Their base for five weeks他们未来五周的驻地is a hut on the only bit of dry land around,是仅有一小块干地环绕的一间茅屋but it's already occupied.但这里已经被占领了It appears someone's been making a nest.看起来有小东西在此筑巢了A resident rat.一只家鼠Hello, little rat. - And on the food cupboard...-你好小老鼠-而在食品架上-Hello. Are you a bit shy?你好呀你是不是有点害羞If the housemates are hostile,如果说室友不太友好the hitchhikers are even worse.那搭便车的乘客就更糟了A large spider.一只巨型蜘蛛Oh, my God.我的天啊And a colony of aggressive red ants以及一群咄咄逼人的想要looking for a ride.搭车的红蚂蚁If we knock into them,如果我们撞上蚁群they'll board the boat like a bunch of pirates,它们会像海盗一样占领我们的船只and they'll gnaw our faces off.把我们的脸给咬掉That might not be quite true,以上所言或许不大正确but intimidating animals are the least of their problems. 但那些令人生畏的动物是他们最不需要担心的The flooded forest is not only vast,泛洪森林不仅面积广阔it's impenetrable,而且极难穿行and this new species of dolphin could be anywhere而这个淡水豚的新物种可能会出现在in 150,000 square miles of tangled treetops.39万平方公里盘根错节的树林间的任何一处But the crew have a plan.但摄制组想到了一个办法Dolphins use sound to find their way through the flooded forest 江豚会发出咔咔声利用声音进行声呐定位by making clicks. Sonar.在泛洪森林间探路穿梭Waterproof microphones防水麦克风allow the crew to eavesdrop on the dolphins,让摄制组得以窃听它们发出的声音and so follow them.并对进行追踪But that's easier said than done.但说来容易做起来却并非易事So, this is the clear path.这是一条畅通的路径Can you see it? There.你能看到吗那里It takes them a week他们花了一周时间to get their first glimpse of this new species,才得以初次窥见这个新物种and even then, it lasts less than a second.即便如此也仅仅持续了不到一秒钟There appears to be only one dolphin.这里似乎只有一只江豚And, frustratingly,而且令人沮丧的是it can pop up anywhere without warning.它会毫无征兆的出现在任何地方Been looking through the water and seeing bodies透过水面看去可以看到它的身影kind of appear out of the murk, and then disappear again.从浑浊的阴影中出现然后就又消失了Eventually, the dolphin leads the crew最终江豚把摄制组带到了to an open gap in the forest.森林中一片开阔区域We made it! Yay!我们出来了Here, at last,在这里终于there may be a chance of getting something in the cam. 摄影机也许能有所斩获了Their first shot,他们拍到的第一个画面but again, a single breath, and then it's gone.但同样它换了一口气就消失了Hello, you. - With the dolphin as close as this,-你好啊-由于拍摄距离如此接近-the crew can try a different technique...摄制组可以尝试另一种拍摄方法towing an underwater camera behind the boat.把一台水下摄影机吊在小船后面Dolphin literally just came up parallel to it.它刚刚真的是从船下平行经过The problem is that the water is so murky,问题是水体太浑浊that the dolphin is almost invisible,即使江豚就在摄像机旁边even when right next to the camera.也几乎看不见它的身影However, now the dolphin is in this channel,不过现在它进入这条河道the crew can try a different tack.摄制组可以尝试另一种办法了Michael Sanderson is a drone operator.迈克尔·桑德森是一位无人机操控者As long as the dolphin's in open water,只要江豚还在开放水域it might be possible to follow it from the air.就可以从空中对它进行追踪We've worked out the dolphins seem to be here,我们已经估算出江豚似乎会出现在这里and we can do the drone work,这样就可以靠无人机追踪了so this is our kind of best bet.所以这应该是最佳拍摄机会了Leaving Michael and his drone on the sand spit,。
推荐一部纪录片---我要向你推荐一部非常精彩的纪录片：《地球脉动》。
1. 简介《地球脉动》是一部由英国制作的纪录片系列，总共有10集。
这部纪录片系列以宏伟的镜头和惊人的视效向观众展示了地球上各种令人惊叹的自然奇迹和生命珍宝。
2. 特点- 高清精美的画面：《地球脉动》的拍摄团队使用最先进的技术和设备，捕捉到了一些绝美而又壮观的自然景观。
观众可以欣赏到从雪山巍峨到沙漠广阔，从大草原到深海世界的精彩画面。
- 生物多样性的展示：这部纪录片展示了地球上各种不同生物的多样性，观众可以了解到地球上的生物是如何生存和适应环境的。
从丛林中的猛兽到海洋中的巨型鱼类，每一集都会给观众带来全新的惊喜。
- 真实的故事和事实：《地球脉动》注重展示真实的故事和事实，通过详细的解说和科学数据，让观众更好地了解地球上各个生态系统的运作原理和生物之间的关系。
3. 主题在这部纪录片系列中，主要包括以下主题：- 壮丽的地球：展示地球上壮观的景观和自然奇观。
- 丰富的生物多样性：介绍地球上各种不同类型的生物和它们的生活方式。
- 惊险刺激的狩猎与求生：展示动物之间的求生与被捕食的斗争。
- 气候变化与环境保护：呼吁人们关注气候变化问题，并保护环境。
4. 推荐理由- 《地球脉动》以其震撼人心的画面和真实的故事而闻名。
观众可以亲眼见到地球上一些最美丽和最神奇的地方，同时了解到生物世界中的各种奇迹和挑战。
- 这部纪录片不仅提供了娱乐和视觉享受，还具有教育意义。
观众可以从中学到很多关于地球和生物的知识，增加对自然的欣赏和保护意识。
- 《地球脉动》是一部非常成功的纪录片系列，获得了广泛的赞誉和好评。
它不仅在科学性上有所突破，还引起了人们对自然环境的关注，对环境保护产生了积极的影响。
- 这部纪录片非常适合任何年龄段的观众观看，不论是小孩还是成年人都能从中获得乐趣和启发。
以上是我对《地球脉动》这部纪录片的推荐。
希望你会喜欢并从中得到启发！。
Earth is the only planet we know of where life exists.地球是人类已知的唯一存在生命的星球And, here, it does so in abundance.而且这里生机盎然The jungle is Eden.雨林宛如伊甸园般美好It covers less than 6% of the Earth's surface它仅占地球表面积的百分之六but it's home to half of all却分布着世界上the plants and animals on land.一半的动植物物种Jungles have just the right amount of light, water and nutrients, 雨林拥有适宜的光照水源和养分and they have had every day for millennia.千百年来一直如此Life here should be easy.在这里生存应该不难This is an indri.这是一只大狐猴It's a primate, like us.他和我们一样是灵长类动物And these forests in Madagascar are its home.马达加斯加的这片森林就是他的家But to survive here...但是要在这里生存it has to face one major challenge.他不得不面对一个巨大的挑战Paradise is crowded.天堂有点拥挤Life fills every niche.每个角落都有物种栖息And, at any one time,每分每秒a staggering variety of species and countless individuals都有生命为了空间与食物斗争不已are striving for space and food.种类繁多数不胜数Like every jungle animal,和所有雨林中的动物一样indri have to find their own way to survive大狐猴需要找到自己的方法in the most competitive place on Earth.才能在地球上竞争最为激烈的地方生存下去Jungles are complex places...雨林错综复杂tangled three-dimensional worlds丰富的热带植物created by lush tropical vegetation.交织出一个立体世界of the animals here spend their whole lives up in the trees.这里有九成的动物在树上度过一生90%And each of them has to find its own way of getting around. 每一种动物都有自己的生存之道Hanging 100 feet above the ground, a spider monkey.一只蜘蛛猴悬挂于距离地面三十米高的地方They travel in family groups他们以家庭为单位行动and find everything they need in the top storey of the jungle. 在雨林的最上层获取生存的必需品Up here isn't a place for the faint-hearted.这么高的地方可不适合胆小的物种With long limbs and a prehensile tail that can grip like a hand, 修长的四肢加上灵活如手的卷尾they're built for climbing.他们就是为攀爬而生的But imagine having to learn these skills as high up as this.但是要在这么高的地方学习这些技巧One third of spider monkeys never make it to adulthood.三分之一的蜘蛛猴都活不到成年This youngster is only a few months old.这只幼崽只有几个月大Her future depends on her ability to climb.她的未来取决于她的攀爬能力Playing on a practice tree with her older brother and sister,通过和哥哥姐姐在练习树上玩耍she's already learning to use her tail as a safety line...她已经学会用尾巴当安全索under her father's close watch.一切都在父亲的注视之下She's keen to join in the game but she's the youngest and,她很想加入游戏但是由于年纪最小as is the way of things, she's not always welcome.有时候不太受大家欢迎So she chooses her own place to play.所以她自己找了个地方玩耍But not all trees are the same.但是树木不尽相同This one is for more advanced climbers.这棵树需要更高的攀爬技巧Enthusiasm? Certainly!论积极性毋庸置疑Technique?但论技术Room for improvement.有待提高Meanwhile, some of her family have moved on此时她的几个家庭成员to look for a new patch of fresh food.去其它地方寻找新鲜食物了The top of the canopy isn't for youngsters.树冠顶端不是幼猴该去的地方But father's not looking and the temptation to join the others可父亲没有看着她加入大家的诱惑is irresistible.又实在无法抗拒She'll need to be careful.她必须小心翼翼A fall from here would mean certain death.从这里跌落必死无疑It's the first time she's been as high as this on her own.这是她第一次独自爬到如此高的地方As she climbs still higher, the branches get thinner and thinner. 她越爬越高树枝越来越细Her tail has caught her...尾巴救了她一命but now she's stuck in mid-air,可她现在被困在空中...unable to reach any other branch.够不到其它的树枝Father, however, was watching.而父亲其实一直关注着He's big and strong enough他的身体强壮有力to form a bridge with his body可以搭成一座桥so that she can climb to safety.让孩子爬回安全地带Lesson learned.吃一堑长一智But it's not just monkeys that live here, up in the treetops.但是在树顶生活的不仅仅是猴子And, if you are small,如果体型足够小finding the right tree can mean a home for life.找一棵合适的树相当于找到了一生的家He's a Draco lizard.这是一只飞蜥He's only the size of a pencil and he eats ants.体型只有铅笔大小以蚂蚁为食This one tree could provide him with all he will ever need... 这棵树可以为他提供一生所需的食物a conveyor belt of food.就像回转寿司一样源源不断It's a perfect place to settle down.这是完美的栖身之所Well, it would be...本来是的but there's already someone here.可这里已经有蜥蜴安家了...This larger male is the tree's owner.这只大点的雄蜥蜴是这棵树的主人And Dracos don't share.而飞蜥从不分享The owner's flag is a warning.主人的旗帜是个警告Trespassers won't be tolerated.对入侵者绝不手软The owner's not only intimidating...他不仅是在恐吓对手he's prepared to battle.同时也做好了战斗的准备...A dead end.无处可逃了Safety is a long way away.形势万分危急Now he must choose.现在他必须做出选择Fight...迎战or flee?还是逃跑...Only in the jungle do you find lizards只有在雨林中你才能看到that can soar like dragons.像龙一样翱翔的蜥蜴He can travel over 100 feet in a single leap.他纵身一跃可以飞出三十余米It's a very fast and efficient way to move through the jungle.这是一种高速而有效的穿越雨林的方式Maybe this new tree will have food and no resident owner.没准这会是一棵无人占领而又食物充足的树Everything in the jungle has to compete for space.雨林中的所有物种都在争夺生存空间Only 2% of the sun's rays reach the ground...只有百分之二的光线会到达地面so even the plants must battle for the light they need所以即使是植物也要争夺生长...if they're to grow.所需的阳光years ago, this Hura tree began its race for light.三百年前这棵响盒子就开始努力汲取阳光300And every day since,日复一日地it has absorbed the water and sunshine it needed它吸收着成长所需的水分和阳光to grow into a giant.终于长成参天大树It has succeeded in doing what every tree must do to survive... 它与其他树木一样努力生长rise above the gloom of the jungle floor.终于摆脱雨林底层的昏暗脱颖而出...And, what is more, its success has given life to others.不仅如此它还养活了很多其它的生命Its branches now carry 1,000 other plants.它的树枝上长着千余种植物These particular ferns, figs and orchids这些蕨类无花果和兰科植物live only on the branches of other trees.只在寄生在其他树木的树枝上plants growing on one single tree.近千种植物在一棵树上济济一堂1,000Throughout the forest, this story is repeated endless times.整片森林之中这样的情景随处可见As a consequence, jungles are home正因如此雨林中植物物种的数量to more species of plants than anywhere else on Earth.是地球上最多的And they, in turn, support a wealth of animals.而这些植被成为大量动物赖以生存的家园In Ecuador, the competition is at its most intense.在厄瓜多尔生存竞争尤为激烈Here, there are 100 species of hummingbirds alone...在这里光是蜂鸟就有一百种all fighting for nectar.都在争夺花蜜...Each flower only has a small amount at any one time,每朵花一次只能产出少量花蜜and so it's first come, first served.所以先到先得One hummingbird has gone to great lengths这种蜂鸟竭尽全力to avoid conflict with other species.试图避免与其他物种的争斗Swordbills are the only bird with a beak longer than their body.刀嘴蜂鸟是唯一一种喙长于身体的鸟类And some flowers are too elongated有些植物花冠极其细长for the other 99 species of hummingbirds here其它九十九种蜂鸟to feed from them.都无法吃到里面的花蜜A swordbill's extraordinary beak, however,刀嘴蜂鸟凭借极长的喙enables it to reach the places that others can't...可以够到其它蜂鸟无法触及的地方the top of this flower, where the sweet nectar is produced.也就是这种花朵基部的蜜腺...It has found a solution它找到了解决方法that means it doesn't have to join the fight.不必和其它蜂鸟争夺食物And, as each long flower blooms,细长的花朵们竞相盛开it gives the swordbill a fresh supply of food all to itself.为刀嘴蜂鸟提供了专属的新鲜花蜜But having a beak longer than your body does have its drawbacks. 不过喙比身体长也是有缺点的For a start, it's tricky to keep it clean.首先想保持干净就有点难度Harder still, how do you preen your body feathers?更麻烦的是要如何整理羽毛呢Unlike the other hummers,不像其它蜂鸟swordbills can't reach their feathers with their beak.刀嘴蜂鸟的喙够不到身上的羽毛The only option, a good old scratch.唯一的办法就是用爪子挠It's a little unrefined...虽然不太优雅but a small price to pay for an exclusive food supply...但这是独享食物要付出的一点小代价...especially when feeding times尤其是进食时间...are only too frequently interrupted by storms.经常被暴雨天气打断的时候Jungles are the richest places on Earth雨林是地球上自然资源最丰富的地区because of one remarkable fact...个中原因令人惊奇they make their own weather.雨林能够自己制造天气...Every day, water rises from the surface of the leaves as vapour. 每天水分都会从叶表蒸发变成水蒸气It's as if the trees breathe out clouds.如同树木在呼出云They gather over the forest until, finally...水汽逐渐集结在森林上空直到...they burst.汇成倾盆大雨...Rain is the lifeblood of every jungle.雨是雨林的命脉And all have to do their best to endure the daily downpour.动物们每天都要经受暴雨的考验In some jungles, like here in Brazil,有一些雨林比如巴西的这里it rains so much that, for part of the year,由于降雨量特别大一年中总有一段时间the trees are almost totally submerged.树木几乎被完全淹没The forest floor is 30 feet below the water's surface.水面至林地表层深达九米This is a mysterious world,这是一个神秘的世界a place few people have ever explored.鲜少有人踏足We have much to discover这里分布的许多动物about the animals for which this is home...都值得我们去探索including some you might never expect to find amongst trees. 有些物种你可能从未想过会在雨林里见到...Here, 1,000 miles from the sea, are dolphins.距离海洋一千六百公里的这个地方有江豚A newly identified species of river dolphin这种淡水豚是一个新种found nowhere else on Earth.在地球上其它地方均无分布In these black, tangled waters,由于生活在黑暗而复杂的河水里they have become almost totally blind,他们的双眼几乎完全失明so they move slowly,所以他们游得很慢carefully using their sonar to scan the forest floor for fish.仔细地用声纳扫描林地表层寻找鱼类为食If this forest can hide a new species of dolphin...如果这片森林里能隐居着新种江豚what else might there be here, awaiting discovery?那还会有多少新奇物种等着我们去发现呢...At the shallow margins of the flooded jungle,这片泛洪雨林边缘的泥岸浅水区rivers flow through lush vegetation.河流穿过茂密的植被Here, food is so abundant, it supports giants.这里食物充足养育着一些大型动物Capybara, the biggest rodents in the world...水豚世界上最大的啮齿动物giant otters the size of a man...大水獭体型堪比成年男性...and the rulers of these rivers...还有称霸河流的王者...caiman.凯门鳄...They grow to ten feet long and kill anything它们体长可达三米they get between their jaws.能杀死一切落入口中的猎物But there are more artful hunters...然而还有更狡猾的捕猎者drawn here from the surrounding forest.从周围的森林里被吸引至此...A jaguar, the supreme jungle predator.美洲豹雨林中顶端的捕食者The river marks the edge of his territory...这条河是他领地的边界but here he has competition.但在这里他遇到了竞争对手...He's now in the territory of a female.他闯入了一只母美洲豹的地盘She has ruled this stretch of river for five years.她统治这一河段已有五年之久This is her place to hunt.这是她狩猎的地方Capybara are strong and wary.水豚既强壮又机警The key is stealth.狩猎关键在于悄无声息She needs to get within three feet if she's to pounce.想袭击它们她必须靠近到一米之内Not this time.这次没成功She's not the only female here.她不是这里唯一的母豹Each part of this jungle's edge is ruled by a different queen.在雨林边缘的不同区域各有一只母豹称后Few places on Earth have enough food to support so many big cats. 很少地方有足够的食物能养活这么多只大猫The male hunts in a different way.公美洲豹的捕猎方式则有所不同Weighing almost 300 lbs, it's hard to be stealthy...一百三十公斤的体重很难做到悄无声息and with so many other jaguars around,加上周围还有很多美洲豹...he doesn't bother with wary capybara.他就不费心去抓警觉的水豚了He seeks a different prey.他寻找另一种猎物He's become a killer of killers.他成了捕猎杀手的杀手Jaguars have the most powerful bite of any cat.美洲豹的咬合力是所有猫科动物里最强的And he knows the caiman's most vulnerable point...而且他知道凯门鳄最脆弱的部位the back of its skull.是它的后脑勺...Hunters living in the dense understorey of the jungle 在浓密的下木层中生活的捕猎者come in all shapes and sizes.形态各异But they share a problem.但它们有一个共同的难题How to tell what is a plant, and what is prey.如何分辨植物和猎物This is a game of hide and seek这是个捉迷藏游戏that can be won or lost in the blink of an eye.眨眼间就能定输赢The long contest between predator and prey捕猎者和猎物之间经过漫长的斗争has produced mimicry of astounding accuracy.形成了令人震惊的拟态水平A leaf-tailed gecko masquerading as lichen.一只叶尾壁虎正伪装成地衣Some animals take camouflage a stage further still... 有些动物把伪装发挥到更高境界and these streams in Costa Rica在哥斯达黎加的这条小溪里...are home to one of the most remarkable.住着一位杰出的伪装大师A glass frog.一只玻璃蛙A male, and tiny, no bigger than your fingernail这只雄蛙尺寸迷你只有人的指甲大小and almost entirely transparent...身体几乎完全透明as he needs to be.这很有必要...Almost everything that walks past here could eat him, 几乎所有经过这里的动物都能吃掉它even a cricket.甚至是一只蟋蟀His best chance is to stay absolutely still想活命它就要保持静止不动and trust that the cricket looks right through him.希望蟋蟀的视线能直接穿透它Danger passed,危险过去了and that's just as well,幸好如此because he is a father...因为他作为一名父亲and he's guarding some very precious eggs.正在保护珍贵的卵...For the last few weeks, females, one after the other,过去几周雌蛙们相继来和他交配have visited him and entrusted him with their offspring.并将保护后代的重任交给他Some are now almost ready to hatch.有些卵快孵化了There are several clutches on the leaf, and those at the top, 叶子上有几团卵块最上面的那一团the most recently laid, are barely a day old.是最近产下的还不到一天大But in the jungle, there's always someone out to get you.可是在雨林里总有其它动物虎视眈眈This wasp is a specialist hunter of frogs' eggs.这只黄蜂是捕食蛙卵的专家It's noticed the wriggling tadpoles at the bottom of the leaf. 它在叶子底部发现了正在蠕动的小蝌蚪们He mustn't move.他决不能移动The youngest eggs are the most vulnerable,刚产下的卵是最脆弱的and he can't guard them all.他无法同时保护所有的卵But these tadpoles are not as helpless as they might appear. 但这些小蝌蚪并不像表面看起来那样无助Incredibly, the unhatched tadpoles can sense danger,难以置信的是未孵化的蝌蚪能感应到危险and the oldest and strongest那些最成熟和最强壮的wriggle free and drop into the stream below.可以扭动着挣脱出来掉进下方的溪流里The eggs at the top of the leaf, however,然而叶子顶部的卵are still too young to hatch,还未能孵化and now the wasps know they're there.但黄蜂已经知道它们的存在But the male's back不过雄蛙的背部looks very like the youngest cluster of eggs...看起来很像新产下的卵块and that seems to confuse the wasps.这似乎迷惑住了黄蜂...Using his own body as a decoy is a huge risk.拿自己的身体当诱饵非常冒险The wasp stings could kill him.如果被黄蜂蛰伤他会送命的He's managed to save most of his young.他成功救下了大部分的后代He'll have to remain on guard for another two weeks, 他还得再保持警惕两周but in the jungle,不过在雨林里just surviving the day can count as a success.能活过一天都算是一种胜利With the coming of the night,当夜幕降临a new cast of jungle characters takes to the stage.另一批雨林主角们登上了舞台Flying insects begin to glow as they search for mates. 飞虫们开始为寻找伴侣而发光Fungi, unlike plants,菌类与植物不同thrive in the darkness of the forest floor.在阴暗的森林地面茁壮地成长They're hidden until they begin to develop它们隐匿起来直到绽放的时刻the incredible structures with which they reproduce. 便以惊人的姿态生长繁殖Each releases millions of microscopic spores每株蘑菇释放出数以百万的微型孢子that drift invisibly away.无形地飘散各处Many have fruiting bodies许多长出子实体的蘑菇that reach upwards to catch any feeble current努力朝上生长以捕捉潮湿空气中there might be in the clammy air.可能存在的稀薄氧气But this one, as it grows,然而这一株长着长着becomes luminous.却发起了光Why fungi light up has remained a mystery...蘑菇发光的原因一直是个谜团until now.直到现在才被解开...Scientists studying the brightest fungi in the world科学家研究了世界上最亮的蘑菇think they may have an answer.认为他们或许找到了答案Like a beacon, the light attracts insects.光线像灯塔一样吸引着昆虫From far and wide.从四处赶来To this click beetle, a bright light means only one lennia 对这只扣头虫来说光亮只意味着一件事...a female click beetle,一只雌性扣头虫so he flashes in reply.所以他亦发光回应But he doesn't get the reception he was expecting.但没有得到预期的反应Confused, he starts searching for a female,他疑惑不解开始四处寻找雌虫and that helps the fungus.这可帮了蘑菇的大忙By the time he gives up, he's covered in the fungus's spores.当他放弃的时候浑身已沾满了蘑菇的孢子And, as he continues his quest for a female,在他继续寻找雌虫时he carries these spores to other parts of the forest.也一同将这些孢子传播到了森林他处And there are even stranger things glowing in the jungle night.这晚雨林中还有更奇特的东西在发光These are the multicoloured lights of a railroad worm.这是火车虫[苹绕实蝇]的多彩灯光It's not really a worm,然而它并不是一种蠕虫but a poisonous, caterpillar-like beetle.而是一种酷似毛毛虫的有毒甲虫The yellow lights warn other creatures to keep out of its way.黄灯亮起以警告其他动物莫要挡道It's hunting for millipedes.它在寻找千足虫When it finds the trail of one,当它发现可疑踪迹时it switches off its yellow lights.便会熄灭黄灯Now it only has a red light on its head.现在它仅留一盏头顶的红灯Millipedes can't see red light.千足虫看不见红光So, to them, the railroad worm所以对它们来说火车虫已经in stealth mode is virtually invisible.切换成了完全隐身的潜行模式And that is the end of the millipede.千足虫的生命终结了Competition in the jungles forces animals to specialise 雨林中的生存竞争迫使动物们在方方面面in every aspect of their life,都成了生活的行家including courtship.包括求偶This has produced some of the most beautiful这也催生出了一些地球上and elaborate displays on the planet.最美秒最精巧的展示A male red bird-of-paradise,一只红色的雄性天堂鸟competing to attract a female by dancing.正在用舞蹈来争取一只雌鸟的青睐One has come to survey what's on offer.她来看看是否有佳偶在此等候She is an independent lady,她是一位独立有主见的女士and she will select whichever male takes her fancy.可以任意选择自己中意的男士She makes her choice.她作出了选择But now she doesn't seem quite so sure.但这会儿好像又不太确定No?不行吗Perhaps he's just a little too keen.可能他有点太急切了Maybe he'll have better luck tomorrow.也许明天他会好运一些Red birds-of-paradise display in the treetops.红色天堂鸟在树梢间炫技求偶Other members of the family而家族里的其他成员dance in the gloom of the forest floor.却在森林地面的阴暗处起舞This is a Wilson's bird-of-paradise.这是一只威尔逊天堂鸟He's brightly coloured, but about the size of a sparrow.他颜色艳丽但只有麻雀大小He's lived most of his life alone, but now he's an adult,他之前大多独自生活但现在成年了and he too needs to attract a mate.急需吸引一位伴侣This little patch of light might help him do so.这个小光斑或许能帮到他First, he tidies things up.首先他把这里收拾干净Showing off in this jumble of leaves wouldn't be easy,在一堆杂乱的树叶间炫耀舞技可不容易and his beauty will stand out better against a plain background. 简单的背景才更能衬托他的美丽He doesn't want bright leaves to divert a visitor's attention.他可不希望鲜艳的叶子转移了观众的注意They all need to go.它们都得被清理掉Even the green ones.就连绿色的也不能留Especially the green ones.尤其是绿色的His stage is set.他的舞台搭好了A central pole, and a little patch of light.一个中心支柱一点光斑It's perfect.完美And now, he must hope a female hears his call.现在他必须期待雌鸟能听见他的呼唤He can wait here for weeks on end.他能在这里连等上几周At last, a female.终于雌鸟来了Time to take up position.是时候就位了She will judge him by the brightness of his feathers.雌鸟要通过雄鸟羽毛的光泽来衡量他But for the female to see him at his best,但为了向雌鸟展示他的最佳状态he needs her to perch directly above his stage,他需要她落座于舞台的正上方under the light.在那束阳光下This might be his only chance to shine.这也许是他唯一一次闪耀的机会Now, when she's looking directly down on him,现在当她垂直俯视他的时候he reveals a display for her eyes only.他只为她的目光而表演In the gloom of the forest floor,在这森林地表的阴暗处he is a dazzling blaze of iridescent green.他就是那最绚烂最夺目的一抹绿色The brightest leaf in the forest.森林里最耀眼的叶子And that does the trick.他成功了Each animal must find its own way of每个动物都必须找到独家方法surviving the competition of the jungle.才能在雨林的竞争中生存下来This crowded world is so full of invention这个拥挤的世界充满了创造力that almost all kinds of animals on land几乎陆地上所有的物种can trace their origins back here...都能从这里找到起源including us.包括人类...These forests in Madagascar马达加斯加的这片森林are home to one of our distant cousins.是我们一位远亲的家园This female indri这只雌性大狐猴has fought to keep this particular patch of forest曾为她和家族能在森林里有一处安身之地safe for herself and her family.而英勇奋战Every morning, the family come together to sing,每天清晨家族成员们聚在一起歌唱their way of reminding others that this is their home.她们在提醒别人这是她们的家园Indri are so closely adapted to living here大狐猴非常适应这里的生存环境that now they can live nowhere else.以至于现在已无法生存于别处For them and the billions of animals with whom对她们以及其他数十亿they share their home,共享家园的动物来说the jungle is a sanctuary.雨林是个庇护所But this is changing.然而一切正遭受着变故Even in the ten years since the head of this family was born,在家族首领出生的这十年里one million hectares of the rainforest have been destroyed仅在马达加斯加就有一百万公顷的雨林in Madagascar alone,遭到破坏and, with it, half the indri families that once lived there.而那里曾栖息着半数的大狐猴家族The local people say the indris are our brothers当地居民说大狐猴是我们的兄弟and their song is a call to remind us that we, too,他们的歌声也是在提醒我们once depended on the jungle.人类也曾经依靠雨林为生This Eden is still a place of wonder and magic.这片伊甸园仍是充满奇迹和魔法的天堂Something, surely, worth protecting.有些生命毋庸置疑值得我们保护an8\pos(192,74.133)}{\fsp2\fn方正兰亭细黑_GBK\b0\bord0\blur0\shad0\fad(50,200)}行星地球{\b1}2{\fn 方正兰亭黑_GBK\b0} 拍摄日记{\Jungles are still some of the least explored places on Earth,雨林仍然是地球上被探索最少的地方and with good reason.而这是有原因的They are testing places to work.在这种地方工作是一项考验Here in the flooded forests of Brazil,在巴西这片泛洪雨林里the team are on the trail摄制组正在追踪of a newly discovered species of river dolphin.一种新发现的淡水豚So little is known about it我们对它知之甚少that just finding it will be a challenge.光是找到它的踪迹都是一项挑战Their base for five weeks他们未来五周的驻地is a hut on the only bit of dry land around,是仅有一小块干地环绕的一间茅屋but it's already occupied.但这里已经被占领了It appears someone's been making a nest.看起来有小东西在此筑巢了A resident rat.一只家鼠Hello, little rat. - And on the food cupboard...-你好小老鼠-而在食品架上-Hello. Are you a bit shy?你好呀你是不是有点害羞If the housemates are hostile,如果说室友不太友好the hitchhikers are even worse.那搭便车的乘客就更糟了A large spider.一只巨型蜘蛛Oh, my God.我的天啊And a colony of aggressive red ants以及一群咄咄逼人的想要looking for a ride.搭车的红蚂蚁If we knock into them,如果我们撞上蚁群they'll board the boat like a bunch of pirates,它们会像海盗一样占领我们的船只and they'll gnaw our faces off.把我们的脸给咬掉That might not be quite true,以上所言或许不大正确but intimidating animals are the least of their problems. 但那些令人生畏的动物是他们最不需要担心的The flooded forest is not only vast,泛洪森林不仅面积广阔it's impenetrable,而且极难穿行and this new species of dolphin could be anywhere而这个淡水豚的新物种可能会出现在in 150,000 square miles of tangled treetops.39万平方公里盘根错节的树林间的任何一处But the crew have a plan.但摄制组想到了一个办法Dolphins use sound to find their way through the flooded forest 江豚会发出咔咔声利用声音进行声呐定位by making clicks. Sonar.在泛洪森林间探路穿梭Waterproof microphones防水麦克风allow the crew to eavesdrop on the dolphins,让摄制组得以窃听它们发出的声音and so follow them.并对进行追踪But that's easier said than done.但说来容易做起来却并非易事So, this is the clear path.这是一条畅通的路径Can you see it? There.你能看到吗那里It takes them a week他们花了一周时间to get their first glimpse of this new species,才得以初次窥见这个新物种and even then, it lasts less than a second.即便如此也仅仅持续了不到一秒钟There appears to be only one dolphin.这里似乎只有一只江豚And, frustratingly,而且令人沮丧的是it can pop up anywhere without warning.它会毫无征兆的出现在任何地方Been looking through the water and seeing bodies透过水面看去可以看到它的身影kind of appear out of the murk, and then disappear again.从浑浊的阴影中出现然后就又消失了Eventually, the dolphin leads the crew最终江豚把摄制组带到了to an open gap in the forest.森林中一片开阔区域We made it! Yay!我们出来了Here, at last,在这里终于there may be a chance of getting something in the cam. 摄影机也许能有所斩获了Their first shot,他们拍到的第一个画面but again, a single breath, and then it's gone.但同样它换了一口气就消失了Hello, you. - With the dolphin as close as this,-你好啊-由于拍摄距离如此接近-the crew can try a different technique...摄制组可以尝试另一种拍摄方法towing an underwater camera behind the boat.把一台水下摄影机吊在小船后面Dolphin literally just came up parallel to it.它刚刚真的是从船下平行经过The problem is that the water is so murky,问题是水体太浑浊that the dolphin is almost invisible,即使江豚就在摄像机旁边even when right next to the camera.也几乎看不见它的身影However, now the dolphin is in this channel,不过现在它进入这条河道the crew can try a different tack.摄制组可以尝试另一种办法了Michael Sanderson is a drone operator.迈克尔·桑德森是一位无人机操控者As long as the dolphin's in open water,只要江豚还在开放水域it might be possible to follow it from the air.就可以从空中对它进行追踪We've worked out the dolphins seem to be here,我们已经估算出江豚似乎会出现在这里and we can do the drone work,这样就可以靠无人机追踪了so this is our kind of best bet.所以这应该是最佳拍摄机会了Leaving Michael and his drone on the sand spit,。
Looking down from two miles above the surface of the Earth从离地三千米的高空俯视地球it's impossible not to be impressed by the sheer grandeur and splendor and power of the natural world 让人无法不为自然界的力量与其纯粹的宏伟壮丽而叹为观止.Ten years ago, in a television series called Planet Earth十年前在《行星地球》这一电视节目中we revealed many of those wonders我们呈现了众多这样的奇迹but today, much has changed.世界已大有变化We can now show life on our planet in entirely new ways.我们将用全新的方式展示地球上的生命Bring you closer to animals than ever before.带你以前所未有的近距离接触动物And reveal new wildlife dramas for the very first time.首次揭示野生动物的精彩瞬间But that's not all.而且不只这些Our planet has changed too.我们的星球也在变化Never have those wildernesses been as fragile and as precious as they are today.大自然从未像现在一样脆弱而又珍贵At this crucial time for the natural world,恰逢自然世界这一关键时刻we will journey to every corner of the globe我们将再次启航踏遍全球to explore the greatest treasures of our living planet and reveal the extreme lengths animals go to to survive.去探索这颗星球上最宝贵的财富,去揭秘动物们突破的种种极限Finally, we will explore our cities最后我们还将回到城市to see how life is adapting to the newest habitat on Earth.探寻生命是如何适应这个地球上最新兴的栖息地This is Planet Earth II.这里是《行星地球》第二季There are hundreds of thousands of islands,地球上有成千上万的岛屿each one a world in miniature, a microcosm of our living planet.每一座岛屿都是一个迷你世界，是地球的一个缩影The struggles to survive on these remote lands reflect the challenges faced by all life on Earth.这些偏僻岛屿上为生存所做的努力，正如地球上所有生命都要面临的挑战The tiny island of Escudo off the coast of Panama.巴拿马海岸线边的埃斯库多岛Home to the pygmy three-toed sloth.是侏三趾树懒的栖息地This is a male and life here suits him well.这是一只雄性树懒，在这里生活得十分惬意Mangroves provide all the leaves he can eat红树林为他提供食物and there are no predators to worry him.也没有天敌前来叨扰Island life may seem idyllic岛上的生活似牧歌般悠闲but it comes at a price.但这是有代价的There are only a few hundred pygmy sloths in existence.这座岛上只有几百只雌性侏三指树懒And he needs a mate.而他需要配偶That's an enticing call... from a female.这雌性的叫声好生诱人Somewhere out there.就在不远的某个地方And this, for a sloth, is a quick reaction.对树懒来说这反应堪称迅猛The problem is, there's deep water between them.但问题是中间隔着一渊深潭So what should any red-blooded sloth do?那么一只气血方刚的树懒会怎么做呢Swim, of course.当然是游过去Could this be her?那会是她吗He does his best to put on a turn of speed.他尽全力加快速度But she's not the one.但叫的不是她She already has a baby这只母树懒已经有了一只幼崽and she won't mate again until it leaves her in about six months' time. 在幼崽六个月后长大离开之前她不会再次交配Even life on a paradise island can have its limitations.即使生活在天堂之岛也会有限制But at least she can't be far away.但至少她就在不远处The world's entire population of pygmy sloths is isolated地球上所有的侏三指树懒都生活在on a speck of land no bigger than New York's Central Park.这片不及纽约中央公园大小的岛屿上The size of an island has a huge influence岛屿的大小极大地影响着on the fate of those cast away there.生活在那里的动物The island of Komodo in Indonesia.这是印度尼西亚的科莫多岛Home to dragons.龙之巢穴Ten feet long and weighing an impressive 150 lbs,体长三米重达六十八公斤these are the largest living lizards on the planet.他们是地球上现存体型最大的蜥蜴It's unusual to find large predators on islands.大型食肉动物在岛屿上并不常见Yet, for four million years,然而四百万年来the Komodo dragon has dominated here.这么小的岛屿似乎不可能It might seem there wouldn't be enough food to support such giants on this relatively small island. 科莫多巨蜥一直称霸这里But reptiles, being cold-blooded,为这种庞然大物提供充足的食物来源但冷血爬行动物只需要need only about a tenth of the food a carnivorous mammal would.肉食性哺乳动物十分之一的食物量A single meal will last a dragon a month.巨蜥一餐可以支撑一个月They are so successful that their only serious competition comes from others of their own kind.他们的生存之道如此成功And there are some 2,000 of them here.以至于唯一的天敌就是他们的同类This giant, however,而这座岛上有约两千只巨蜥isn't looking for food -然而这只巨蜥he's looking for a mate.并不是在寻找食物Female dragons come into season only once a year.他在寻找配偶She's receptive.雌性巨蜥一年发一次情So far, so good.这一只并不排斥But he's strayed into someone else's patch.目前为止一切顺利Another huge male thinks he is the king here.但他误入别人的领地Space being limited on islands,另一只雄性巨蜥认为它才是这里的王dragon territories overlap岛屿上空间有限and that creates continual conflict.巨蜥的地盘时常重叠In dragon society, size is everything.导致冲突不断But if rivals are closely matched,在巨蜥族群里体型决定一切the outcome can be uncertain.但如果双方体型相当Muscular tails strike with the power of sledgehammers. 鹿死谁手就难以预料And their serrated teeth are as sharp as steak knives.强壮的尾巴一击如同重锤Each tries to topple his opponent.锯齿形状的牙齿像牛排刀一样锋利Defeated.他们都想要掀翻对手Only the most powerful dragons胜者出现win the right to mate.只有最强壮的巨蜥The limited food and space on small islands才有权交配can often lead to intense competition.岛屿上有限的食物和空间But some islands are immense.时常激起激烈的竞争More like miniature continents.但有些岛屿却幅员辽阔And these provide opportunities for life更像是一块小型大陆to experiment and evolve.这为不同生命的进化与试验Madagascar is one of the biggest islands提供了机会and also one of the oldest,马达加斯加是地球上最大的岛屿之一having split away from Africa over 120 million years ago.也是最古老的岛屿之一With time and isolation,它在一亿两千万年前就已经脱离非洲大陆its animals have adapted随着时间流逝与地理隔断的出现to take advantage of every available niche.岛上的动物们不断适应The island now has some 250,000 different species,充分利用一切可用资源most found nowhere else on Earth.这座岛上现存约二十五万不同的物种These are not monkeys, but lemurs.大部分都是该地区特有种From a single ancestor,这些不是猴子而是狐猴about 100 different types have evolved.他们从同一个祖先The largest, the indri, seldom comes down from the branches. 进化出一百个不同的种The much smaller ringtails体型最大的马达加斯加大狐猴极少下树wander in troops across the forest floor体型小许多的环尾狐猴searching for food.成群结队地扫荡森林地面And tiny bamboo lemurs eat nothing except bamboo.寻找食物With few competitors, lemurs have been free to colonise极小的驯狐猴只吃竹子almost every environment on the island.因为竞争者极少Even the most extreme.狐猴能够在整片岛屿上生活This baby sifaka has a hard life ahead of it.甚至是环境极其恶劣的地方He's been born in the most arid and hostile corner这只幼小的冕狐猴成长之路十分艰辛of Madagascar's vast landscape.他出生在马达加斯加广阔土地上If he is to survive here, he has much to learn.最贫瘠干旱的地方The spiny forest is like a desert.他还需要学习很多东西才能在这存活下去It rarely rains, so water and food is very hard to find.刺森林的环境类似沙漠Moving from tree to tree is a perilous business.由于很少下雨水和食物都很难获取Here, nearly all the plants are covered with ferocious spines. 在树间跳跃穿梭十分危险His mother searches the tree tops for the youngest leaves. 这里几乎所有的植物表面都布满尖刺They provide the only food and water to sustain the family. 幼崽的妈妈在树顶寻找鲜嫩的叶子At three months old, the youngster is starting to explore.嫩叶提供了这个家庭唯一的食物和水All too soon he will have to fend for himself up here.小狐猴三个月大时便开始探索世界But it's altogether easier to stay on mother's back.很快他将不得不自己上树寻找食物了If he can master the strange ways of this forest...但总归还是待在妈妈的背上最轻松he will have a little corner of Madagascar to himself.如果他能掌握这片森林中特有的生存方法Island life encourages animals to do things differently.就能在马达加斯加岛上谋得一席之地And on some islands that is essential.岛屿生态迫使动物另辟蹊径There are islands still forming today...在某些岛上这是必备的生存技能built by volcanoes.由于火山运动Some erupt explosively.现在仍有岛屿不断形成Others pour out rivers of molten rock.有些火山喷发剧烈Lava.有些则熔化岩石In the last 50 years,化作岩浆ten new volcanic islands have been formed.在近五十年内Newly created and often remote,已经形成了十个新的火山岛they're hard for colonists to reach.由于形成时间晚又常十分偏远Even those that do find these are tough places to survive.鲜少有生命踏足This is Fernandina,即使有环境也极其难以生存one of the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific.这是费尔南迪纳岛Young and still volcanically active, it's a desolate place.太平洋加拉帕戈斯群岛的一部分The surrounding sea, however, is particularly rich with life.这座年轻的活火山岛屿一片荒凉And the frontier between these two very different worlds然而环岛的海中却孕育着丰富的生命is the home of one of the strangest of reptiles.而这两个不同世界的交界处Seagoing iguanas.生活着最奇异的爬行动物They are vegetarians,海鬣蜥but since there's little food for them on the land,它们是素食者marine iguanas graze on the sea floor.但由于岛上没有能吃的食物A big male like this one can dive to 30 metres所以海鬣蜥以海底的植物为食and hold his breath for half an hour.这种体型的雄性海鬣蜥可潜到水下三十米There are more than 7,000 individuals屏住呼吸长达半小时on Fernandina alone.仅在费尔南迪纳岛上And by bringing nutrients from the sea to the land,就有超过七千只海鬣蜥the iguanas help other animals to survive here, too.它们往返近海获取食物养活自己Crabs feed on dead skin on the iguana's back同时还帮助了其它动物在此生存and, in turn, provide a welcome exfoliation service.红石蟹以海鬣蜥背上的死皮为食While smaller lizards prey on the flies that pester the colony. 反过来也热情地为它们提供去角质服务But not all the relationships on this island are so harmonious. 小型蜥蜴还捕食纠缠海鬣蜥的苍蝇Marine iguanas lay their eggs in sand.但岛上的生存关系并不是都如此和谐In June, when the hatchlings emerge, they are vulnerable.海鬣蜥将蛋下在沙子里They must join the adults at the edge of the sea.每到六月刚破壳的小鬣蜥异常脆弱But the journey will be a dangerous one.它们必须到海边与成年海鬣蜥汇合Racer snakes.但这将是一次危险的旅程The snakes miss their chance.游蛇But more babies are hatching.游蛇错失了这次机会And now the snakes are on the alert.但还有更多的小鬣蜥将孵化而出This is the best feeding opportunity they will get all year.这些游蛇正虎视眈眈On flat ground, a baby iguana can outrun a racer snake.这是它们一年里最佳的捕食时机But others are waiting in ambush.小鬣蜥在平地上跑得比游蛇快Another hatchling has但周围还有其他蛇在埋伏its first glimpse of a dangerous world.另一只刚孵化的小鬣蜥A snake's eyes aren't very good,第一次见识了这个危险的世界but they can detect movement.蛇的视力并不是很好So if the hatchling keeps its nerve,但它们可以感知到移动物体it may just avoid detection.所以如果这只小鬣蜥能保持冷静A near miraculous escape.也许能逃出它们的视线The lucky survivors can begin learning the unique way of life 近乎奇迹地逃出生天有幸活下来的小鬣蜥可以开始学习demanded by this hostile island.应对这座危险岛屿的独特方式了Although marine iguanas are expert swimmers,尽管海鬣蜥是游泳的行家they can't cross open oceans.它们也无法横渡广阔的大海But even the stormiest waters are no barrier for birds.但再汹涌的海水都无法阻挡鸟类Gale force winds and cold temperatures make the阵阵烈风加之低温sub-Antarctic islands off New Zealand让新西兰亚南极地区的这座岛屿particularly unwelcoming in winter.在冬天变得尤其不友好But, when the brief summer comes,但当短暂的夏日来临时temperatures rise and winds slacken.这里将变得风和日丽It's now that visitors arrive.正是游客到访的好时节All here to breed before winter returns.都趁着冬天来临之前来这里繁殖There's the Snares penguins.这些是斯岛黄眉企鹅Shearwaters come, too.海鸥也来到这里This is an excellent place for them to dig their nesting burrows, 因为没有天敌能够靠近这里for no predators have managed to get here.这里成为海鸥挖掘地窝的绝佳场所Soon the island is crowded with birds.很快岛上会到处都是鸟Every one of them eager to每只鸟都急切地想充分利用make the most of the short breeding season.他们短暂的繁育季节But not everyone has a partner.但并不是所有鸟都有伴侣A male Buller's albatross waits for his mate.一只雄性新西兰信天翁正等待另一半的到来Each year they spend six months apart, travelling the ocean. 每年他们都将分开六个月各自在海上飞行They reunite here to breed.他们将在这里汇合生育下一代But this year, she's late.但今年雌性信天翁还没有到No, that's not her.不那不是她The other birds come and go.其他鸟儿来来往往The clock is ticking.时间所剩无几If she doesn't appear soon,如果雌性信天翁还不出现it could be too late for them to breed successfully. 他们将错过顺利繁衍后代的机会Every morning the shearwaters每天清晨海鸥飞离这里fly off to collect food for their young.为他们的孩子寻找食物Everybody else seems to be getting on with it.每只鸟儿似乎都在抓紧干The shearwaters' return marks another lost day.海鸥的归来意味着又一天过去了There are three million birds on the island,这个岛上有三百万只鸟but only one matters to him.但他只在乎那一只Could this be her?这会是她吗At last.总算回来啦At first, he's a little coy.一开始雄性信天翁还有些害羞But not for long.但很快就放开了They greet each other with the special dance他们用多年来练成的独特舞蹈they've perfected over many years.向彼此表示问候There is much to do如果他们还打算在冬天来临前养育孩子if they're to raise a chick before winter returns.要做的事情还有很多But when you have been apart for six months,但当你和某人分开大半年some things can't be rushed.有些事需要慢慢来Islands in warm tropical waters地处温暖热带海域的岛屿don't experience seasonal extremes.无法体验极端的季节变化The Seychelles, lying off the coast of East Africa, 位于非洲东海岸的塞舌尔群岛provide a sanctuary for sea birds all the year round. 是海鸟们全年的庇护天堂Fairy Terns are permanent residents.塞舌尔白燕鸥是这里的永久居民They take a fairly relaxed view about what constitutes a nest. 它们筑巢并不讲究A bare branch is quite enough.一根光秃秃的树枝就足够了Climbing onto it to incubate has to be done with care.不过爬上去孵蛋需要格外小心Once a year, the noddies arrive.每年白燕鸥都会来一次They do make nests,它们老实筑窝and Pisonia trees provide their young腺果藤树能让小鸟的幼年with a rather less precarious start in life.过得安全一些Nesting on this island looks idyllic.在这个岛上筑巢看起来几乎完美But behind the beauty, there's a sinister side.但美丽的表象后也有危险的一面The Seychelles fody makes quick work of an unattended egg. 塞舌尔福迪雀偷袭了无人照看的蛋She knows something's not quite right,她知道事情有点不太对劲but her drive to incubate is strong.但她孵化的意愿很强烈The noddies too have a problem.黑燕鸥也遇上了麻烦As their chicks grow,随着雏鸟一天天长大so the pisonia trees develop seeds that are sticky腺果藤树长出了黏黏的and equipped with hooks.带有倒钩的种子By the time the young noddies leave,新一代黑燕鸥离巢的时候they carry these hitchhiking seeds away to other islands.会带着这些搭顺风车的种子前往其它岛屿But sometimes the pisonia trees are too successful.但有时腺果藤树的策略过于成功If a fledgling, testing out its wings, drops to the ground,如果幼鸟在学习飞翔时跌落地面it can get covered with the seeds.它身上会挂满这些种子Entangled and weighed down,汁液粘腻越粘越重if it can't free itself,the youngster will starve.如果它摆脱不了就会饿死The pisonia may have failed to disperse these seeds...这样腺果藤的种子无法传播这也是人们称腺果藤树为"捕鸟树"的原因但种子扎根很快就有好肥料了..but it will soon have fertiliser for its roots. 白燕鸥又下了一颗蛋This is why some people call the pisonia the "Bird catcher tree".现在她要养一只小鸟了The fairy tern laid another egg,这只小鸟很幸运and now she has a tiny chick to feed.等它羽翼丰满之时This chick is lucky.腺果藤树种子已经传播完毕By the time it fledges,它们带来的危险也将不复存在the pisonia seeds will have dispersed,再诗情画意的岛屿and the danger they brought will be gone.岛上的动物也要面临挑战Even the most idyllic-looking of islands presents challenges但它们眼前的最大威胁已经改变for the animals living there.这是印度洋上的圣诞岛But the greatest threat they face is change.数百万年以来Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean.这块遥远的陆地一直被蟹类统治着For millions of years,它们的祖先来自海洋this remote speck of land has been ruled by crabs.但绝大多数品种现在已经适应了陆地上的生活Their ancestors came from the sea,鉴于它们的数量众多but most have now adopted a land-based existence.彼此之间还算相对和谐Given there are so many of them,它们是这个小小蟹类乌托邦的园丁和守卫they get on relatively harmoniously.每年它们都会回到海洋中进行繁殖They're the gardeners and caretakers of a tiny crab utopia.而红蟹大迁徙Once a year, they must all return to the sea to breed,是地球是最伟大的自然奇观之一and the march of the red crabs迁徙的红蟹数量多达五千万只is one of the greatest natural spectacles on earth.这一景象让这座岛屿举世闻名There are 50 million of them.但近些年来It's an event that has brought the island worldwide fame.数以百万的红蟹未能成功抵达海洋But in recent years,一种入侵物种占领了这座岛屿millions of red crabs haven't managed to reach the sea.黄疯蚁An invader has occupied this island.它们搭乘来访的船只来到岛上Yellow crazy ants.由于缺乏天敌控制They escaped from visiting ships它们在森林里建立了巨大的超级蚁群and with no predators to control them,当迁徙的红蟹经过它们的领地时they have now created vast super colonies in the forest.黄疯蚁便展开攻击When migrating red crabs march into their territory,它们朝红蟹的双眼和嘴中喷射酸液the ants attack.红蟹毫无还手之力Squirting acid into the crabs' eyes and mouths.双目失明迷失方向The crabs have no defence.它们便死定了..they're doomed.Blinded and confused...Humans brought these ant invaders here,是人类把这些蚂蚁入侵者带上了岛and now humans are having to control them.而现在人类不得不采取措施控制局面Isolated communities may evolve与世隔绝的动物群落from millions of years in relative peace.可能在数百万年内演化出了相对稳定的生态But, when new challenges arrive, they can struggle to cope. 但当新挑战来袭它们只能尽力去应对Of all the species that have become extinct in recent years, 近年来濒于灭绝的物种之中around 80% have been islanders.大约百分之八十是岛屿物种Our impact on the Earth is greater today人类对地球所造成的影响than ever before.比以往任何时候都要深远Yet some islands are so remote然而有些岛屿是如此偏远that few humans have even set foot on them.以至于几乎没有人类踏足Zavodovski Island is one.扎沃多夫斯基岛就是一例It lies in the great Southern Ocean.它地处南太平洋It's not only surrounded by the stormiest of seas,不仅被最猛烈的海洋风暴所环绕it is itself an active volcano.而且本身就是座活火山It's the last place on Earth you would choose to live.这里是地球上你最不愿居住的地方Unless you're a chinstrap penguin.除非你是一只南极帽带企鹅There is plenty of food in these waters, but to exploit it, 这里的水域食物充足但若想享用美食the penguins have to risk their lives.这些企鹅得冒着生命危险Life here is dangerous in the extreme.这里的生活险象环生But there are some benefits from living on a volcano. 但生活在火山上还是有一些好处的Its warmth melts the snow early in the year.火山的热量每年早早地融化了积雪And, by January, the Antarctic's mid-summer,到了一月南极地区的仲夏时节the island is covered in chicks.整座岛被小企鹅覆盖Parents take turns at guarding them双亲轮流守护幼崽until they're large enough to be left alone.直到它们成长到足以独立生活This mother's chicks are hungry,这几只小鸟饿了but she has no food left to give them.但母亲没有食物可以喂它们Their survival depends on their father生存与否取决于它们的父亲returning with the next meal.能否带着食物归来But some don't make it.有些企鹅确实一去不返Skuas harass the colony,贼鸥不断侵扰着企鹅种群hoping to snatch a chick.希望能趁机叼走一只雏鸟She can't risk leaving them.母亲不能冒险离开自己的雏鸟Everything will be fine, as long as their father comes back soon. 只要父亲尽快回来情况就会好转80公里的海域捕鱼他前往远离海岸但他现在离家不远了He's been fishing 50 miles offshore,对于他和这里所有的企鹅父母来说but now he's not far away.归途中最糟糕的一段还在后面For him, however, and for all the other parents here,他的小脚爪帮助他the worst of the journey is still to come.攀附住陡峭的火山岩Tiny claws help him对于这些往返的企鹅来说to get whatever grip he can on the rough lava.现在是高峰时刻For these commuters,有些企鹅今天不太顺利it's rush hour.这位父亲要走三公里的路才能到家Some have had a really bad day.肚里塞满食物路越发难走The father now has a two-mile walk to the nest,周围还有全球数量最庞大的企鹅种群and a stomach loaded with food doesn't help.但由于他每隔一天就要走一遍This is the largest penguin colony in the world.闭着眼睛都能找到回巢的路But as he makes the same journey every other day,巨大的种群数量确实能保证安全he should be able to do it with his eyes closed.但当你试图寻找自己的巢穴之时It's true that there can be safety in numbers,这也会成为问题but numbers can also be something of a problem母亲依然在等待when you're trying to find your own nest.小鸟们快要绝望了The mother is still waiting.在这震耳欲聋的叫声之中Her chicks are now desperate.他可以辨识出对方特有的声音In the midst of all this deafening chorus,总算回来了he can recognise her particular cry.两只雏鸟都能饱餐一顿At last.点头示意之后他们的母亲出发了Both chicks will get a meal.轮到她外出捕食了With a head bob of acknowledgement, their mother now leaves. 这种艰难的往返It's her turn to do the feeding run.是这些企鹅为了庇护所付出的代价This formidable commute is the price也许在我们看来这样的天堂很奇怪these penguins pay for sanctuary.但是对于一百五十万只企鹅来说A strange vision of paradise to us, perhaps,这座岛屿满足了全部所需but, for one and a half million penguins,岛屿可能既偏远而又微不足道this island has it all.但它们仍是地球上某些珍贵动物的家园Islands may seem remote and insignificant,but they are home to some of the most precious wildlife on Earth.行星地球拍摄日记The expedition to film on the island of Zavodovski前往扎沃多夫斯基岛进行拍摄was the most intrepid shoot of the series.是整个摄制过程中最勇敢的旅程To ensure its success, the team have called in为了确保拍摄成功摄制组找来了Antarctic expert Jerome Poncet,南极研究专家杰罗姆·庞赛特one of the few people to have set foot on the island. 他是为数不多上过这座岛屿的人之一This whole region of Antarctica is rarely visited.南极大陆的这个区域人迹罕至And this is the planet's roughest ocean.这里有地球上最汹涌的海洋After seven long days and nights at sea,七天七夜的航行之后they get their first glimpse of the final destination.他们终于第一次看到了目的地It's actually quite surreal after a whole year,整整一年来我们一直在集结队伍trying to put the expedition together.今天一觉醒来火山就在眼前And then today we wake up, and there's the volcano. 这感觉太不真实了That's Zavodovski.那就是扎沃多夫斯基岛The explorers who discovered this place发现这里的探险者spoke of the stench of sulphurous gases,说这里弥漫着含硫气体散发的恶臭treacherous waters,加上汹涌的海浪and astonishing numbers of penguins.和惊人数量的企鹅It seems not much has changed.似乎没什么大的变化Jerome's been round the whole place,杰罗姆已经绕了一圈and there literally is only one safe area to get on,只有一个可以安全登陆的地方and he's telling us it's that rock face over there.他说就是那边的岩壁The team must take everything they need to survive. 探险队必须带上所有生存所需的物品There are the penguins!快看企鹅Though the boat'll stay nearby,尽管船就停在附近they will need to be self-sufficient.他们也必须带上充足的物资But that means taking a tonne of equipment up this cliff.但是这意味着要把一吨的物资运上山崖Just get to that lot to help.过来这边帮忙Many flippers make light work.脚蹼多了力量大They work all day getting the gear ashore.光把设备搬上岸就花了整整一天But the fact there are so many penguins on the island但是事实上岛上的企鹅数量太多doesn't make it easy.反而增加了工作难度The hardest thing for us has been对于我们来说最难的事莫过于finding a pathway through,找一条可以穿过鸟群的路because there's absolutely penguins everywhere you look.因为这里目之所及全是企鹅Finally, it's time to make camp.终于可以安营扎寨了They choose a sheltered place that won't disturb the locals.为了不惊扰居民他们选了个隐蔽的地方But since most of the penguins won't have seen a human being before, 但是因为大多数企鹅都没见过人类they seem keen to pop over and visit.他们似乎很想来造访一下Hello. Nosy neighbours.你好爱管闲事的邻居们The team set off探险队出发to start documenting the daily lives of the penguins,开始记录企鹅的日常生活and what they find is astonishing.他们的发现令人震惊As soon as you walk over that ridge,翻过那个山脊you sort of get a tingly feeling,你会被那边的景色所震撼because I've never seen that many animals in one spot.因为我从来没见过一个地方有这么多动物It's mind-blowing.太让人兴奋了It's like Glastonbury Festival.就像格拉斯顿伯里音乐节The whole landscape整个岛上is full of little black and white penguins waddling around.全都是摇摇晃晃黑白相间的小企鹅This is penguin paradise, and that's what we're trying to show. 这里是企鹅的天堂也是我们想要展现的A promising start.这个开端充满希望But here, fortunes can change quickly.但是在这里命运瞬息万变Summertime...夏日时光Every season within ten minutes.十分钟内经历四季As the snow melts, it creates an unforeseen problem.雪融化后出现了始料未及的问题We purposely chose this campsite我们特意选择了这个营地because it was a place where the penguins didn't seem to go. 因为企鹅不太会来这里I think we've realised why the penguins don't nest here.现在我们知道了为什么企鹅不在这里筑巢It's because of the spray and because of some run-off,由于径流这里已经水漫金山so we are literally in a bit of a bog.我们真的是身陷泥潭了And it's not just mud.而且不仅仅是泥A couple of these guys,其中一些企鹅as they wander down to do a spot of fishing,在成群结队地下海捕鱼时they tend to use my tent as a little poop spot.喜欢把我的帐篷当做厕所You kind of get used to it at night,你必须要习惯晚上的时候just hearing a constant splat on top of the tent.听见从帐篷的顶上传来的不停的啪啦声But, as you can see, all of the kit,但是如你所见所有的设备I'm afraid that's getting splat on as well.恐怕也会被粪便淋到And, when the wind changes, it brings a noxious reminder当风向变化的时候吹来的有毒气体。
There are only a dozen peaks in the world that rise five miles high.世界上超过八千米的山峰屈指可数All of them are here, in the Himalayas.它们全部位于喜马拉雅地区Lethally cold, scoured by gales and blizzards,在极端低温与暴风雪的洗礼下these mountains are among the most hostile places on Earth.这些山脉成为地球上生存条件最苛刻的地区Yet, a few special animals manage to live here.然而仍有动物能够生活在这里Snow leopards.雪豹Like all creatures of the high mountains,与所有高山生物相同they have had to adapt both their body and their behaviour为了生存他们必须从体型和行为上in order to survive.充分适应环境Life at extreme altitude极高海拔之上的生存has shaped some of the toughest animals on the planet.塑造出了这个星球上最顽强的动物The sunbaked mountains of the Arabian Peninsula.阿拉伯半岛上的山地被阳光炙烤得发烫They may only be a fraction of the height of the Himalayas,它们的海拔也许只是喜马拉雅山脉的零头but they are still so dizzyingly steep但却异常险峻that in many places it's almost impossible to get a foothold.很多地方几乎无法立足Yet Nubian ibex have made this their home.而努比亚羱羊还是栖息于此The ibex choose the steepest cliffs to raise their young,羱羊选择在最陡峭的绝壁上养育幼仔in safety, beyond the reach of predators.环境安全没有天敌But living in this sanctuary comes with a cost.在生活在这里也要付出代价These nursery slopes are so steep,山崖过于陡峭there is almost no standing water up here.几乎没有任何积水So to drink, an ibex family must descend into the valley... 1,000 feet below. 为了饮水羱羊必须下到三百米下的峡谷之中...The mothers pick out the safest way down.母羊选出一条最安全的下山路径With soft cloven hooves that grip better than any climbing shoe, 四只柔软的分趾蹄胜过最好用的登山鞋they are the most accomplished mountaineers.让他们成为最高超的登山者But the newborn kids are still having to find their feet.但新生的雏羊还在蹒跚学步This is their first descent.这是他们第一次下山One mistake could make it their last.一次失蹄就可能一命呜呼Following the adults, the kids finally reach the valley.跟着成年羱羊小羊们终于到达山谷But once on level ground, they're vulnerable.但回到平地上他们就很容易遭到攻击Red foxes lie in wait.赤狐埋伏许久了At the first sign of danger,一有危险迹象the young ibex instinctively run back to steeper ground.羱羊幼仔便本能地奔回陡坡But heading for this particular rocky outcrop could be a mistake. 但爬上这块突出的岩石可能是个错误It's a 30-foot drop.这有九米高The fox has them trapped...赤狐把它们困住了or so it seems.或者看起来是这样This is what ibex were born to do.这正是羱羊与生俱来的本领Scattering makes it hard for the fox to pick a target.四散而逃的羊群让赤狐难以选择目标And it certainly can't follow them up here.显然它也无法追上峭壁All it can do is wait for one to slip and fall.只能等待某只羱羊失蹄跌落But these youngsters are fast learners,但这些小羊学得很快and they're now almost as sure-footed as their parents.现在几乎可以和双亲一样如履平地了The fox will have to find its meal elsewhere.赤狐只能去别处觅食It's just not been a good day.今天还真不是个好日子Now, at last, the young ibex can drink.小羱羊终于喝上水了But they'll soon need to但很快他们又得return to the safety of the sheer cliffs.回到峭壁上的安全区域Mastering precipitous terrain is always challenging,在峭壁上行走固然很难but there are more fundamental problems但对于高山动物而言for life in the mountains.还有更根本的难题The Alps. Europe's highest peaks.阿尔卑斯山脉欧洲最高的山峰It's winter, and food is desperately short.时至冬季食物极度匮乏A golden eagle has to spend every daylight hour金雕不得不花费整个白天scanning the slopes for something, somewhere, to eat.俯视山坡寻找食物Her seven-foot wingspan allows her to glide effortlessly 长达两米的翼展让她for 100 miles in a single day.一天可以轻松滑翔160公里Her extraordinary eyes非凡的视力enable her to spot prey from two miles away.让她可以看到三公里外的猎物But she is not the only one who's looking for food.但她并非这里唯一的觅食者When she spots a chance, she must move fast.一旦发现良机必须快速行动She can dive at 200 miles an hour.她能以320公里的时速俯冲而下Only a peregrine is faster.只有游隼能飞得更快During winter, even eagles rely almost entirely on carrion. 在冬季即使鹰类也几乎完全仰赖腐尸度日It's a dead fox,这是一只死去的狐狸and it could sustain her for days.这顿美餐能让她支撑数日Other scavengers must defer.其它食腐者只能等着了The hungry crows soon regain their courage.饥饿的乌鸦很快重新鼓起勇气They'll try any trick to steal a morsel.他们想尽办法试图分一杯羹And they are annoyingly persistent.顽固地令人厌烦But this mob are the least of her worries.但这群乌鸦是她最不需要担心的A bigger eagle takes control.一只更大的金雕抢走了食物But this kill is too important to give up.但这顿美餐太过重要不能轻易放弃So she must fight.必须奋起一搏For the moment, she's won the carcass back.她暂时抢回了尸体But a kill like this will attract every eagle for miles around. 但这样的猎物会引来方圆数公里内所有的鹰As ever, the strongest wins the lion's share.最终依然是最强者赢得大部分食物Unable to defend the carcass any longer,抢不到那具尸体the first eagle must now continue its search.第一只雕只能继续它的觅食之旅It may be many days before she feeds again.也许下一次饱餐就是数日之后的事情了Only the most competitive只有最具竞争力的生物will survive the perils of the mountain winter.才能在山脉的寒冬中存活下来An avalanche.一场雪崩tonnes of snow十万吨积雪100,000travelling at 80 miles an hour,以130公里的时速席卷而下capable of smashing everything in its path.足以粉碎沿途的一切The mountains of North America北美洲的山脉are hit by thousands of avalanches every year.每年要发生数千起雪崩Yet one animal spends the whole winter slumbering然而有一种动物整个冬季within the snow on these avalanche-prone slopes.都在这些极易发生雪崩的山坡上冬眠And when spring comes, they emerge.待春天来临它们就出洞了All across these mountains,在这些山脉中grizzly bears make their winter dens灰熊将巢筑在背风坡厚厚的积雪之下feet up in the deep snow of leeward slopes.海拔高达三千米10,000And while they were half-asleep in the depths of winter,他们在隆冬半梦半醒之际their young were born.产下幼崽Now these cubs are taking their first steps现在这些熊宝宝正迈出他们into the outside world.走向外界的第一步This mother is leading her three youngsters熊妈妈带着三只幼崽to a place where they can find food.去找东西吃They need to descend as quickly as possible.他们得尽快下山The debris from an avalanche is clear evidence雪崩肆虐后的残骸清楚地表明that this slope is still dangerously unstable.这片山坡仍然非常不稳定This is not a place to dawdle.此地不宜久留And they have another reason to keep moving.他们继续前行还有另一个原因After five months in the den,在巢里呆了五个月后these bears are very hungry.这些灰熊饿得正慌Bears that have hibernated throughout these peaks这片山峰之间冬眠的灰熊now all descend to the valleys, where spring comes earliest. 现在都下山了那里的春天来得更早In the Rockies, seasonal change is swift and dramatic.落基山脉的季节变换迅速而突然In just a few days,几天时间内the slopes turn from white to green.白雪皑皑的山脉便会绿意盎然Meadows that only a few weeks ago were buried beneath the snow 几周前还深埋在冰天雪地里的牧场are now full of life.现在生机勃勃But in these mountains, the good times will not last long.但山峦之间好时光不会太久So the bears must feed as fast as they can.所以灰熊必须尽快进食During the summer months,夏季的几个月里an adult can put on 180 kilos gorging on plants一只成年灰熊靠吃植物能长180公斤and, if they can catch them...要是能再...a marmot or two.逮几只土拨鼠就更好了But just now, the bears have something else on their minds.但现在灰熊们还有其他事情要做It's becoming warmer,天气转暖and the bears are keen to shed their thick winter coats.灰熊急切地想脱下它们厚重的冬衣Mothers show the cubs what to do about this.母熊给小熊们做了示范They'll soon catch on.他们很快就学会了Some trees, it seems, are particularly suitable for rubbing.有一些树似乎特别适合搓背Bears have their favourites熊们都有自己的偏好and will travel long distances to visit them.他们会长途跋涉去找喜欢的树Some itches just have to be scratched.身上有些痒急需挠一挠There are now around 30 bears in this one valley.这个山谷中大约有三十只熊As they rub, each leaves an individual and recognisable scent.每只熊摩擦时都会留下易于辨认的独特气味So the tree soon carries a list of who's around,所以树上很快会留有附近灰熊的气味which might help individuals to avoid a fight.或许可以避免个体之间的争斗To best spread their scent,为了更好地散布自己的气味they really have to put their back into it.他们得用后背好好地蹭一蹭But summer is short.但是夏天很短暂Itches satisfactorily scratched,痒痒挠满意之后it's time to eat.是时候该进食了In a couple of months,几个月后they will have to return to their dens to hibernate,他们就要回自己的窝里冬眠so now they must put on as much weight as they can.所以现在必须尽可能地增重Winter in the mountains returns fast and hits hard.山里的冬天来得迅猛Temperatures in the Rockies will drop to -54 degrees,落基山脉地区的温度会降至零下54度so cold that moisture in the air以至于空气中的水分freezes into tiny crystals called diamond dust.会直接凝结成冰晶俗称钻石尘This bobcat is one of the few hunters to remain active in winter. 山猫是少数冬天还在活动的捕猎者Most of his prey is now hidden beneath the snow他领地内的大多数猎物都that covers his entire territory.隐藏在茫茫大雪之下He hunts by listening for the faintest sound of movement.他通过辨认极其微弱的声音来捕捉猎物And to prevent crunching footsteps from revealing his presence, 为了避免踩雪的脚步声暴露行踪he uses boulders as stepping stones.他用岩石当落脚点A mouse.逮住一只老鼠But one is not enough.但这远远不够The deeper the snow, the harder it is to detect prey,积雪越深越难发现猎物and the rewards for the effort can be disappointing. 努力捕食却往往空手而归To say the least.这么说毫不夸张By midwinter, the snow is so deep深冬时节积雪实在太深that bobcats are forced to leave their territories山猫被迫离开他们的领地to try and find easier hunting.寻找更易于捕捉的猎物And this bobcat may be in luck.但这只山猫运气不错For this particular valley is blessed.因为这个山谷得自然之眷顾A river here never freezes.这条河永不结冰It's fed by a volcanic hot spring火山温泉带来的热量that heats these waters使河水升温to 50 degrees warmer than the surrounding air.比周围空气的温度高了五十余度Hungry animals of all kinds come here to feed.各种饥肠辘辘的动物来此觅食Throughout the winter,到了冬天the river is full of food对于那些老道的捕猎者而言for those who know how to catch it.河里满是食物Here, even the coyotes have become fishermen. 在这里连土狼都学会了捕鱼But hunting is hard for a cat但是捕鱼对山猫来说很难that's not used to getting its feet wet.因为他们讨厌下水So he must choose his target with care.所以他必须谨慎选择目标Goldeneye ducks.白颊鸭来了But can he get close enough to pounce?但他能够靠近到扑得着吗Perhaps he'll have more luck on the other side.也许对岸的机会更大点Here, steam from the river warms the surrounding trees, 河里的热气温暖了周围的树林so up in the branches, there could be prey.所以林子里可能有猎物If only he could get to it.前提是他能爬得上去It's 20 feet up.这有六米高At last... a squirrel.最终收获一只松鼠Not much, but enough to keep him going.不是很多但是足以支撑他继续捕食To survive a winter in these mountains takes tenacity, 想要渡过山里的冬天需要坚韧不拔的意志and bobcats have that in abundance.而山猫是其中的佼佼者Snow on the equator.这是一座赤道雪山Unlike the Rockies, in these mountains与落基山脉不同这里的山脉there are no marked seasons.没有明显的四季This is Africa's Mount Kenya.这是非洲的肯尼亚山It's 17,000 feet high,海拔超过五千米which makes its summit some 30 degrees colder峰顶温度比周围的热带草原than the surrounding savanna.低三十度左右Giant heathers, lobelias and groundsel巨型石南半边莲和千里光grow on its upper slopes.生长在山顶斜坡上They all thrive in the tropical sun.它们在炎炎烈日下茁壮成长After all, every day is summer.毕竟赤道每天都是夏天But once the sun sets,但一旦太阳下山every night becomes as bitterly cold as winter.每个夜晚都像冬天般寒冷The temperature drops to five degrees below freezing,气温降到零下五度turning the mountainside into a garden of ice.山坡变成了冰雪花园Everything freezes,一切都冻结了but the cabbage groundsels have a way of protecting themselves. 但是木本千里光有办法保护自己They close up their leathery leaves to form an insulating blanket 它们合起革质叶片形成一道保温层that shields their vulnerable central bud.以保护中心脆弱的蓓蕾Night comes to an end...寒夜将尽and the sunshine returns.阳光回归大地...The groundsels spread their leaves wide木本千里光舒展它们的叶子to bask in the sunshine once again.再一次沐浴在阳光之中Dawn in the High Andes.安第斯山脉的黎明来到Here too, the rising sun brings rapid relief在这里升起的朝阳同样解放了to animals living amongst these volcanic peaks.生活在火山山峰之间的动物Mountain viscacha are up early山兔鼠早早起来to claim the best places to catch the sun's first rays.抢占最佳位置享受第一缕阳光For others up here, the sunrise is even more welcome.对于其他的动物太阳更加受到欢迎At over 14,000 feet,这里的海拔超过四千米this is the highest flamingo colony in the world.是世界上海拔最高的火烈鸟栖息地At night, it gets so cold这里的夜晚非常寒冷that even this salty water freezes over.连盐水湖都会结冰And now the flamingos are trapped in the ice.这些火烈鸟就被冻在了冰里Eventually, the sun thins the ice,终于太阳晒薄了冰面but it's still a struggle for the flamingos to break free.但是火烈鸟仍然需要努力冲破冰层Walking on thin ice is always risky.走在薄冰上总是危机四伏And it's hard to retain one's dignity...而且当你踩着高跷的时候especially when you're wearing stilts.哪还顾得上体面和优雅...At these altitudes,海拔如此之高the sun's power can quickly turn from salvation to threat. 太阳的热力很快从救星变成了威胁The atmosphere is so thin,由于大气稀薄there is very little protection from ultraviolet radiation.无法阻挡紫外线的辐射By mid-morning, it's risky to linger out in the open.上午十点钟在开阔地带逗留就已经十分危险The viscacha are forced to head for the shade.鼠兔被迫寻找阴凉处避暑Out on the lake, there is nowhere to hide.而湖面上则无处可藏The white crust of the soda lake盐湖的白色盐层反射着reflects the sun's glare太阳的光芒and increases the impact of its ultraviolet rays.增强了紫外线的杀伤力By midday,正午时分uncovered human skin will burn in four minutes.裸露的人类肌肤四分钟内就会被晒伤But this doesn't seem to bother the flamingos.但这似乎无法妨碍到火烈鸟In fact, they are on parade.事实上它们正在列队游行During the breeding season,在繁殖季节the flamingos perform these peculiar courtship dances 即便在一天中最热的时刻even through the hottest time of the day.火烈鸟也在不停表演着奇异的求爱舞蹈They are so eager, they don't even pause to feed.他们求爱心切甚至没时间停下来进食The rules are something of a mystery尽管求爱规则让人摸不着头脑but, after a month of dancing,但在跳了一个月之后all the birds will have paired off所有的鸟儿都配对成功and will be getting ready to mate.并准备开始交配Up here, there are few other creatures to bother the flamingos, 高山之上鲜少有其他动物来打扰火烈鸟but then, few other creatures从另一方面讲也少有其他动物could even tolerate these conditions.能够忍受这样的生活条件So for animals that have the endurance,对于耐力极佳的动物而言mountains can be sanctuaries.深山堪称生存的圣殿But rocky peaks which to us, perhaps,那些在我们看来seem a symbol of permanence,似乎象征着永恒的岩石山峰are more fragile than they appear.其实要脆弱得多Today in the Alps,如今在阿尔卑斯山human encroachment is changing even the highest summits. 人类的侵犯甚至影响到顶峰的环境状况In the Rockies,在落基山脉rising temperatures are shortening winter hibernation升高的气温缩短了冬眠的时间and stifling the growth of valuable food plants.也阻碍了食料植物的生长And in the Andes, some glaciers在安第斯山脉一些冰川have shrunk by 50% in just 30 years.在短短三十年内面积减少了百分之五十Even the Himalayas are now vulnerable.如今甚至连喜马拉雅山脉都变得十分脆弱With most of the world's tallest peaks这里汇集着大多数世上最高的山峰and covering a third of a million square miles,占地面积八十六万平方公里this is the greatest mountain range of all.是世界上最大的山脉And here, temperatures are now rising而这里气温升高的速度faster than the global average.快于全球平均水平As the snow line retreats further and further up these peaks,雪线向山峰处退去there is less and less space for wildlife,野生动植物的生存空间日益减少and that is a challenge恶化的条件威胁着for one of the most majestic of all mountain creatures.一种美丽山地动物的生存The snow leopard.雪豹Seldom seen, the detail of their lives has long been a mystery, 由于行踪隐蔽雪豹的生活细节一直是个谜but now, at last, helped by the latest remote-camera technology, 但现在借助最先进的远程摄像技术we are getting closer to them than ever before.我们终于能够近距离观察他们They are very rare,雪豹数量稀少only about four of them in 40 square miles.百平方公里内只有四只There is simply not enough prey to sustain more.只是因为猎物数量不足以维系更多的生命They live solitary lives.雪豹是独居动物Nonetheless, they are well aware of the presence尽管如此他们仍能很好地掌握and the movements of their neighbours,邻居们的存在和动向because they leave messages in a few special places.因为他们会在几个特殊地点给对方留下信息They rub particular rocks with their cheeks像这样用脸颊摩擦特定的岩石and then spray them with urine.再喷射上自己的尿液The two perfumes create a unique signature.两种味道创造出了独一无二的签名Any other leopard can know尽管没有直接看到彼此which of its neighbours passed this way,雪豹也能判断出without ever making direct contact.是哪位邻居曾经到此一游But there are times when snow leopards must come together, 有些时候雪豹们必须聚到一起and the event is often violent.而场面通常都很暴力An adult female and her daughter.一只成年雌雪豹和她的女儿She has devoted the last two years to raising her cub雌雪豹花费了两年时间哺育幼崽and very soon, it will be weaned.很快幼崽就要断奶了For now, the cub is still entirely dependent on its mother.目前幼崽依旧完全依靠自己的母亲But staying together as long as this could cause problems.但这样长时间的共处会引发问题The female is now in heat again,雌雪豹此时又到了发情期and any male that smells her signature will know that.雄雪豹只需闻到她的信号便会知晓From this moment on, her cub's life is at risk.从此刻起雌雪豹幼崽的生命陷入了危机Males kill cubs that are not their own.雄雪豹会杀死非亲生的幼崽But the mother is now driven by an urge that she cannot control. 但雌雪豹此时正被体内无法控制的欲望驱使着She lets the males know exactly where she is.她让雄雪豹知道了她的确切位置From up here, she can be heard for miles around.从这片高地她的声音可以传遍方圆数公里A young male emerges from the wilderness,一只年轻雄雪豹在荒野中出现eager to find her.迫切地想要找到雌雪豹Snow leopards meet so infrequently雪豹们鲜少碰面that there is uncertainty and tension.以致整个场面充斥着不确定和紧张的气氛And it's about to get worse.然而更糟的还在后面Another, bigger male has arrived.另一只体型更为健壮的雄雪豹也来了The mother and cub are trapped between the rivals.雌雪豹和幼崽被困在两个竞争对手之间The cub is now in danger.幼崽命在旦夕Mother must act fast.母亲必须尽快行动To divert the males' attention from her cub,为了转移雄雪豹对幼崽的注意力she rolls over submissively.她顺从地滚动着身体With the males fixed on the female,雄雪豹的注意力都集中在了雌雪豹身上the cub has a chance to escape.幼崽得以借此机会脱身The males close in on the mother from both sides,两只雄雪豹从两侧接近雌雪豹keen to claim her for their own.渴望将其占为己有A fight is inevitable.决斗在所难免The female moves to escape and protect her cub.雌雪豹试图逃跑并保护她的幼崽But the big male follows her.但健硕的雄雪豹紧跟着她He will not let her leave until he has mated with her.在没有交配前雄雪豹是不会放她走的With the males gone, the female is at last reunited with her cub. 雄雪豹走后雌雪豹终于与幼崽重聚But she has been injured.但她不幸受了伤The cub, however, is alive, thanks to its mother.多亏了她的妈妈幼崽才能活下来Until her injury heals, she won't be able to hunt.在雌雪豹伤口痊愈之前她已无法捕猎Mountain animals survive on the very edge of existence.山地动物就这样挣扎在存活的边缘Mother and cub were not seen again.雌雪豹和幼崽从此消失不见Until over a month later, high on a ridge,直到一个月后在高高的山脊上a remote camera was triggered.远程摄像机捕捉到了The female cat.雌雪豹的身影She's no longer limping, but she's now alone.她已不再跛足而行却形单影只Then, an hour after the female has left,雌雪豹离开后一个小时the camera is triggered again.摄像机再次启动It's her cub,是幼崽taking her first steps towards adulthood and independence.开始了迈向成年和独立的第一步She is unlikely to see her mother again.幼崽大概鲜少有机会与母亲重逢了But every now and then,但不时地they will be reunited through the messages they leave他们会通过在岩石上留下的信息on the marking rocks.间接地团聚Her mother has succeeded in raising her,幼崽虽被母亲成功养大but life ahead will be challenging,但前方的生存之路仍充满荆棘and she will spend nearly all of it alone.而她几乎全部要独自面对Only the toughest can survive只有最顽强的动物among the savage beauty才能在世界最高屋脊上of the world's highest mountains.这片美丽的蛮夷之地存活Revealing a new perspective为了从全新的角度展示on the lives of golden eagles in the mountains盘旋于群山之间的金雕的生活would take two very different approaches.摄制组采用了两种不同的方法A traditional wildlife crew set out to film wild eagles传统野生动物摄制组以史无前例的近距离closer than ever before.去拍摄野鹰Whilst an aerial team aimed to capture the hunting flights of eagles 同时由航空组在高空捕捉金雕在群山间high in the mountains.捕猎飞行的画面The helicopter crew soon have success in filming直升机组很快便成功拍摄到wild eagles high over the Alps,阿尔卑斯山上的野生金雕but there was one part of the story even they couldn't follow.但有一点是连他们也做不到的Golden eagles can stoop at 200 miles an hour.金雕俯冲时可达时速三百公里To capture an eagle's-eye view of such a dramatic flight想从金雕的视角拍摄如此生动的飞行过程would take a more extreme approach.就要采取更极端的方法I'm Aaron Durogati我叫亚伦·杜洛伽提and I'm a professional paraglider pilot.是专业的滑翔伞飞行员Aaron believes that to fly like a bird,亚伦认为要像鸟一样飞翔he must think like one, too.就得像鸟一样思考It's a very special feeling to fly with eagles和金雕一起飞翔是很独特的体验because I'm really looking how they are thermalling因为我能亲眼看到它们如何借助上升气流攀升and where they go to soar.在哪里展翅翱翔This helps me to become a better pilot,这有助我成为一个更优秀的飞行员and I try to take inspiration from the nature.我试着从大自然获取灵感Wearing a specially designed helmet camera,戴上特制的头盔式摄像机Aaron's aim is to film the perspective of a diving eagle.亚伦希望拍出金雕俯冲时的视角But before he can jump off a mountain,可是要从山顶跳下来first he needs to climb it.他必须先爬上去It's a tough 3,000m ascent for Aaron and his wingman, Armin, 亚伦和搭档阿尔门要攀上三千米高峰as director Emma Brennand waits for news in the valley below. 导演艾玛·布伦南德则在山谷等候消息The ascent is slowed by a series of dangerous crevasses.一连串危险的冰隙使减缓了攀登过程After a tricky climb, they finally reach their launch site.历尽艰难他们终于抵达起飞地点But the weather up here is unpredictable可是这里的天气变幻莫测and a change in wind direction makes it impossible to take off.风向改变了导致他们无法起飞Aaron and Armin are forced to overnight in the summit shelter,亚伦和阿尔门被迫要在峰顶的庇护所过夜and with the cold knocking out their comms, Emma is worrying.天气寒冷导致通讯设备失灵艾玛很担心They're well-trained mountain guides,他们是训练有素的登山向导but it doesn't make it any easier to know that.虽然如此我还是很担心I think it's going to be a fairly restless night for me as well.今晚势必是个不眠之夜Whilst the paragliders prepare for a night on the mountain...两位滑翔伞飞行员准备在山上过夜cameraman Barrie Britton is setting out early与此同时摄影师巴里·布里顿凌晨就出发...on a more cautious quest to film wild golden eagles from a hide.他要小心地躲在隐匿处拍摄金雕I've got to get everything set while it's still dark我要赶在天亮之前全部准备好and the eagles can't see what we're up to.这样金雕就不会发现我们Or if they saw any movement around the hide, then they'd fly away 否则一看到周围有动静他们就会飞走and probably wouldn't come back for a few days.很可能几天都不回来They're notoriously difficult birds to film.他们是出了名难拍的鸟Even hide work is not entirely without risks.躲在隐匿处里拍摄也会有一定的风险It's -20 outside.现在外面零下二十度So this is a crucial part of the operation,所以这次行动最关键的making sure the fire works so we don't freeze to death.是保证火能点着否则我们就会冻死Aah! Well, that's all the hairs gone on my hand!我手上的毛都被烧掉了Oh, well!好吧And we just have to be really quiet now现在我们得保持安静and hope the eagles come in when first light comes up.希望金雕天一亮就飞来Eight sedentary hours later,静坐八小时后Barry's only reward is a dead leg.除了腿麻巴里没有任何收获We haven't done a single shot today.我们今天还没拍到一张照片Nothing has come.没有一只金雕来过Anyway, that's the way it goes.不过也只能这样了After a long night on top of the mountain,在山顶度过漫长一夜后the weather is only getting worse.天气变得更加恶劣The team need to get down, but visibility's so poor摄制组要下山可是能见度非常低that descending on foot past the crevasses is too risky.步行下山会经过冰隙实在太冒险了Aaron decides it's safer to fly,亚伦觉得飞下去更安全but it'll be a bumpy ride.不过会很颠簸Thick cloud makes it hard to avoid the mountains,云层非常浓厚他们要避开山都很难let alone film them.更不要说拍摄了Thankfully, they make it down in one piece,谢天谢地他们平安到达山脚much to Emma's relief.艾玛终于舒了一口气We are very, very glad to see you both.见到你们真的太高兴了Yeah, it's a bit hard up there.上面的确挺艰苦The team spend the next two weeks chasing weather windows... 接下来两周摄制组一直在等待时机until at last, a clear flight.终于迎来适合飞行的晴天...Trying to mimic a diving eagle,模仿着金雕俯冲而下。
One quarter of all the land on Earth地球上四分之一的土地is covered by a single,remarkable type of plant.覆盖着唯一一种伟大的植被Almost indestructible,it can grow two feet in a day...它们几乎坚不可摧一天可以长高六十厘米And be tall enough to hide a giant.连巨型动物都能藏匿其中That plant is grass,那就是草本and the world it creates is truly unique.草本植物构建出来的世界独具一格The grass in northern India is the tallest on the planet,印度北部的草是地球上长得最高的home to some of the most impressive crea-tures to tread the Earth.这里是众多神奇生物的家园These are the good times,现在正当好时候but in just a few months,all this fresh growth will be gone,可再过几个月这些青草就会消失and the animals will be forced to move on.动物们将被迫迁徙That is the way things are on grasslands across the planet.地球上的草原都是如此A cycle of abundance,destruction and re-birth重复着富足消亡重生的循环that affects every creature that lives here.从而影响着栖息在这里的所有生命The largest grassland on Earth,the vast Eurasian Steppe,辽阔的欧亚草原区是地球上最大的草原地带stretches one third of the way around our planet.覆盖距离达到地球周长的三分之一Spring rain has brought fresh grass,and with it,new life.青草随春雨而生也带来了新生命A relic from the Ice Age,a baby Saiga ante-lope,一种冰川时代存活至今的生物高鼻羚羊幼崽just three hours old.出生才三小时His only company,his twin.陪伴它的只有它的孪生兄弟Until they can stand,在它们能站起来之前their mother has left them hidden in the grass.母亲会将它们藏在草丛中They should be safe,as long as they remain quiet.这样应该很安全只要保持安静For these calves,the clock is already ticking.对这两只小羊来说时间紧迫Their herd will soon be moving on,羚羊群很快就要离开1seeking the freshest new grass.去寻找最新鲜的草场Their lanky legs are a sure sign高鼻羚羊四肢瘦长that they’re built for a life on the move.预示着它们一生都将奔波在路上Saiga always give birth to twins,高鼻羚羊总会产下孪生幼崽so their numbers grow rapidly just when grass is plentiful.这样能够在草源充足时迅速繁衍Their bizarrely shaped nose can detect fresh growth它们的鼻子长相奇怪却能够勘测到from hundreds of miles away.几百公里外的青草长势The young twins will now begin the nomadic life这两只小羊即将与其他草原动物一样they share with most animals on the world’s open plains.开始辽阔草原上不断迁徙的生活Grasslands occur where rain is too sporadic for forests to exist.降雨量不足以养育森林时就会出现草原The rain that a grassland needs to survive for a year草原生长所需的年降雨量might arrive all at once.可能会一次来临Storms like these can release12inches of rain in24hours.这样的暴雨在24小时内能达到300毫米降雨量Not much fun if you’re out in it.淋起来可不好受Eventually the earth can’t soak up any more,最终土壤无法继续吸收雨水and the grassland undergoes a radical change.草原也完全变了样子They grow so fast,它们长得飞快their leaves quickly rise above the water and into the sunlight.茎叶迅速伸出水面沐浴在阳光下Here in southern Africa,在南非water transforms one of the most remarkable grasslands on Earth,降水能让世界上最奇特的草原之一改头换面the Okavango.奥卡万戈三角洲Every year,5,000square miles of grassland are flooded.每年都有近一万三千平方公里的草原被水淹没For one pride of lions,this poses a major problem.对于狮群来说这成了最大的问题There may be plenty of prey around,虽然猎物众多but lions struggle to run it down in water.但2狮子并不擅长在水中捕猎The pride has threemonthold cubs.狮群中有三个月的幼崽They’ve never seen water before.它们以前从未见过水If their mothers don’t make a kill soon,如果母狮们短时间内捕不到猎物the cubs might not survive the week.这些幼崽可能撑不过这周But fuelled by the flood,受洪水滋养the eruption of grass attracts new possible prey.蓬勃生长的青草吸引来新的猎物Buffalo arrive in herds2,000strong.数量超过两千头的水牛群接踵而至Powerful,aggressive and united,强大好斗抱团前进they’re the most dangerous animal a lion can face.狮子能遇到的动物中水牛是最危险的The biggest bulls don’t run.体型最大的公牛不会逃跑They’re simply too huge to be scared of lions.他们仗着身形庞大并不惧怕狮子At900kilos,he weighs more than all five li-onesses combined.重达九百公斤他比五头母狮加起来都重The pride do have numbers on their side,虽然狮群占据了数量优势but one sweep of his horns could be deadly.但如果被水牛角扫到可能会直接丧命One distracts the bull up front,一头母狮正面诱敌while her sisters attack from behind.她的姐妹从后方进攻The cats must somehow topple the buffalo,母狮们必须想办法压倒公牛but with swamp under foot,they can’t get any traction.但沼泽太过湿滑脚底无法借力The bull is weakening,公牛逐渐虚弱but the lions are tiring,too.但狮群也露出疲态It’s now a battle of will as much as strength.现在是体力与毅力的双重考验To live,the bull must somehow shake off the lioness.要想活下去公牛必须想办法甩掉母狮The bull is wounded,这头公牛受了伤but thanks to his twoinchthick hide,he will recover.但幸亏有五厘米厚的牛皮他会慢慢痊愈For the pride,these are hungry times.而狮群只能忍饥挨饿了But,ultimately,once the water recedes, 3there will be new life,但等到水位降低便会有新生命来临and new food to benefit all.也就有了新的食物来源In the right conditions,grasses have the ex-traordinary ability只要条件适宜草本植物可以在短短几天内to grow from first shoots to flower in a matter of only days.完成从发芽到开花的全过程Grasses become the miniature equivalents of fruiting trees.青草变成一棵棵微型果树And for creatures living within the grass,对于住在其中的生物来说this is a landscape as vast and towering as any rainforest.这样的草丛就像雨林一样高大葱郁And excellent place to build a tiny tree house 非常适合建造小树屋for a harvest mouse.供巢鼠居住During summer,European meadowlands are full of food,夏季的欧洲草原食物充盈but only for those that can reach it.只看谁能捷足先登Climbing grass is harder than climbing trees,爬草比爬树更困难not least because their stems just won’t staystill.主要是因为草茎不会静止不动Her prehensile tail acts like a fifth limb,她的尾巴可以抓握物体就像第五只手so she’s as agile as a monkey clambering around in a tree.让她如林中穿梭的猴子一般敏捷灵活And just as well,和森林中一样for the best food in this tiny forest这片草丛中最好的食物is at the very top of its canopy.也在植株最顶端Feeding up here,she’s exposed.但爬到高处觅食就会暴露自己A barn owl.一只仓鸮Not her finest move...动作不算灵巧But it did the trick.但也算成功逃命Harvest mice seldom go all the way down to the ground.巢鼠鲜少在地面行动It’s a tangled and dangerous world down here.这里的世界复杂而危险But she can read the pattern of the stems overhead like a map,但她能够通过解读头顶的草茎来辨明方向and so find her way home.从而找到回家的路And not a minute too soon.时机刚好4There are mouths to feed.幼崽嗷嗷待哺Her babies must fatten up quickly.她的宝宝们必须迅速长大They need to harvest the summer grasses他们要趁着夏季食物充盈时On the African savannah,too,非洲稀树草原亦是如此seasonal grasses are filled with life,应季时草地生命丰富多彩but it won’t last long.但却不会持续太久Carmine beeeaters are superb aerial hunters,红喉蜂虎是卓越的空中猎手experts at catching insects in midair.十分擅长捕食飞行中的昆虫But they have no way of flushing their prey out of the grass.但它们无法将猎物赶出草丛Once alarmed,most insects stay put.一旦警觉起来大多数昆虫会静止不动The beeeaters need someone to stir things up a bit.红喉蜂虎需要找帮手来捣乱A kori bustard.一只灰颈鹭鸨It’s the world’s heaviest flying bird,它是世界上体重最大的飞禽so it should be bulky enough to kick up some insects.凭它庞大的身躯应该能轰出一些虫子Bingo!成功了Until someone else comes along直到有别的蜂虎加入and cramps your style.打乱它的计划Never mind,perhaps there are bigger oppor-tunities ahead.没关系也许等会还有更好的机会What about an ostrich?鸵鸟怎么样The heaviest bird of all.它们是体重最大的鸟类This time there’s more than enough trans-port to go around.这次有足够的交通工具了Soon,almost every ostrich has its own pas-senger.很快几乎每只鸵鸟都有了自己的乘客But free riders are only tolerated for so long.不过搭便车的也得意不了多久What the beeeaters really need蜂虎真正需要的is a creature so big it won’t even notice them.是体型大到根本注意不到它们的动物Nothing cuts a swathe through grass非洲公象夷平草地之势like an African bull elephant.没有动物能与之比肩The trick is to fly as close to the front of the 5giant as possible.诀窍是尽可能飞在这位”大块头”的近前方They only have a split second to grab the prize.想取得奖赏必须在刹那间出手As more insects are stirred up,the competi-tion intensifies.越来越多昆虫被赶出来竞争也愈发激烈With summer drawing to a close,the race to stock up is on.夏天即将结束储备食物的竞赛已然打响Soon,the grass will wither,and this oppor-tunity will have gone.草很快就会枯萎屯食良机转瞬即逝As the dry season takes hold,到了旱季food becomes increasingly thin on the ground.地面的食物愈发稀缺Now,only the most specialised predators on the plains只有在真正身怀绝技的草原捕猎者can make a living.才能维持生活She may be spotted like a cheetah,but this cat is no sprinter.她虽然形似猎豹但这只猫并非短跑能手Instead,she has extralong legs which give her a high vantage point.相反修长的四肢给予她独特的猎捕优势But a serval cat’s main weapon are enormousradar ears.不过薮猫最主要的武器是她雷达般的双耳They help her pinpoint prey hiding in the grass.能精确定位草丛中猎物的藏身之处But the prey she seeks are canny.可是她的猎物十分机警Southern vlei rats.非洲沟齿沼鼠They know that any sustained movement can give them away.他们知道持续移动会暴露行踪So they move in short bursts.于是选择短距离爆冲But even the slightest rustle will give her a clue.但是最细微的窸窣声也会被薮猫察觉Warm.快找到了Warmer.更接近了Missed.没抓到In better times,she could catch10a day,形势好的时候她一天能抓十只but now,with so few rodents around,she will have to go hungry.但现在啮齿动物数量极少她只能挨饿了As drought intensifies,life gets tougher for all.随着干旱加剧草原生活更加艰难Predators with permanent territories must tough it out,定居于此的捕食者只能选择熬6过去while most of their prey disappear over the horizon.因为大部分猎物都已远去To avoid starvation,为了抵御饥饿many grassland animals follow a nomadic way of life.草原动物大多随水草迁徙Over2,000,000wildebeests wander the East African savannahs超过两百万头牛羚奔走在东非大草原chasing the rains.追逐着雨水And they are not alone.不过它们并不孤单Arriving on the wing,展翅飞来这里Jackson’s Widowbirds also seek fresh grass.杰氏巧织雀也在寻找鲜嫩的草Although,it’s not just food that they’re af-ter.然而它们却不只是为食物而来This male wants a mate.这只雄鸟想求偶He’s grown elaborate breeding plumage for this moment,为此他已长出漂亮的繁殖羽but he needs a stage on which to show it off.但他需要舞台来展现自我By carefully selecting grass blades,细心挑选草茎each trimmed to the correct length,每一根修剪到合适的长度he’s creating something very special.他正在进行非常独特的创作He needs an even surface,他需要一块平地and a centrepiece.和一个中央摆设The stage is set.舞台已经布置好了His bachelor pad is sufficiently neat and tidy to attract a female.他的单身公寓干净整洁很能吸引雌鸟The problem is,问题是can she see it?她能看到吗He has competition.他还有竞争对手It might take more than a little gardening to impress the ladies.园艺设计可能不足以打动女士们Jumping is the right idea,跳起来是个好办法but he’s misjudged the height of the grass.但他低估了草的高度His rival makes it look easy.他的对手显得很轻松Time to raise his game.他得加把劲了It’s not only who jumps the highest,不仅要看谁跳得高but who can keep doing so the longest.还要看谁能跳得久Unable to go the distance,his rivals drop out one by one.对手们无法坚持下去相继退出竞争7Stamina has won him admirers,他的耐力吸引了爱侣now he can show off his courtship arena...现在可以展示他的求爱舞台了And engage in a little romantic hideandseek.再来一场浪漫的捉迷藏游戏Finally,he’s done enough.他终于得偿所愿The East African savannahs support millions of grazers.东非大草原养育着成千上万的食草动物Each year they devour millions of tons of grass,每年会吃掉数百万吨草and yet there’s one creature here然而有一种生物whose impact is far greater than all these an-imals combined.对草原造成的影响远大于其他动物的总和They’re found wherever grass grows on the planet,地球上有草的地方都有它们的踪影yet their labours go almost entirely unno-ticed.但它们的辛苦劳作几乎难以察觉One of the most remarkable is found here其中最出色的on the grasslands of South America.出现在南美洲草原These blades are so tough这些叶片十分坚硬that virtually no large grass eaters can stom-ach them.几乎没有大型食草动物能消化得了Yet they’re harvested on an industrial scale...然而却被小小的切叶蚁...by tiny grass cutter ants.大规模采集But they themselves can’t digest one bit of it.可它们根本无法消化叶片So,why bother?那到底是为什么呢The answer is underground,答案在地下and it’s very ingenious.可谓别出心裁Each blade is cut to length and placed into a garden of fungus.每根叶片都被切成一定长度放入菌圃The rotting grass feeds the fungus,真菌以腐烂的叶片为食and in turn the fungus feeds the ants.而真菌又成为蚂蚁的食物But feeding5,000,000workers requires inten-sive agriculture.养活五百万劳动者需要大规模的高效耕作Luckily,they are an industrious lot.幸好它们都很勤劳This colony alone will collect over half a ton of grass every year.仅这一个蚁群每年就能收集五百多公斤草8With billions of ant colonies across the world’s grasslands数十亿蚁群遍布全球草原all doing exactly the same thing,都在做相同的事that’s a mindboggling amount of grass.它们消耗的草数量惊人It’s estimated that over one third of the grass that grows on Earth据估计地球上超过三分之一的草will be harvested by an insect.都会被这种昆虫采去In northern Australia,在澳大利亚北部termites memorialise their industry in sculp-ture.白蚁辛勤的劳作体现在雕塑上These astonishing mounds are10feet tall.这些令人叹为观止的白蚁丘有三米高They’re always built on a northsouth axis,全部建成南北走向which is why their builders are called com-pass termites.因此它们的建筑者被称为罗盘白蚁These castles of clay这些粘土造就的城堡protect their builders from extremes of heat 保护着它们的主人and seasonal floods experienced on many grasslands.不受草原酷暑和季节性洪水的伤害Termites manage to do what most grass eaters can’t,白蚁与大多数食草动物不同break down dead grass and extract the nutri-ents.它们能分解枯草提取养分A twofootlong tongue六十厘米长的舌头covered in microscopic hooks,上面布满极小的钩子followed by claws longer than those of a ve-lociraptor.加之比迅猛龙还要长的爪子A giant anteater on the plains of South Amer-ica.这是一只生活在南美平原上的大食蚁兽It can devour20,000insects a day.它每天可以吞食两万只昆虫Powerful forelegs enable it to rip apart a ter-mite hill with ease.有力的前肢让它们能够轻易地掰开白蚁巢And as the sun bakes the grass,the termites face new danger.太阳炙烤草原白蚁面临着新的危险In minutes,fire turns grassland to ash.几分钟内大火就将草原化为灰烬But the grasses are not dead.但是草不会被大火烧尽Their underground stems are unharmed.它们的地下茎完好无损9Weeks,months may pass,数周数月就这么过去了but eventually the rains will return但是雨季终将来临and the grass will sprout again.青草又会重新发芽Some grasslands must endure not only fire, but ice.一些草原不仅要忍受火的炙烤还有冰霜As winter approaches,冬季来临the prairies of North America begin to freeze.北美的草原开始霜冻In summer,bison roamed freely,夏季美洲野牛四处漫步almost continuously cropping the abundant green grass.享用着取之不尽的大片青草Now,that grass is not only withered and frozen,现在青草不仅枯萎结冰it’s about to be buried.马上还会被大雪掩埋Sixty million tons of snow now blanket this herd’s territory.六千万吨的积雪覆盖在野牛群的领地上Pushing through deep snow is exhausting work,在厚厚的积雪中行动非常耗费体力and the bison are now slowly starving.美洲野牛越来越饥饿Just keeping warm saps huge amounts of en-ergy.仅仅保暖都需要耗费大量的能量Their thick coats can insulate them down to minus20Fahrenheit.他们厚重的皮毛可耐受零下30度的低温It’s now minus40.现在是零下40度The only thing that will keep them alive唯一能让他们活下去的食物is buried beneath three feet of snow.被深埋在一米深的积雪之下And that’s a problem shared with a surpris-ing neighbour.他们意想不到的邻居也面临着同样的问题The food the fox seeks is also deep beneath the snow.狐狸在搜寻的食物也被深埋在积雪之下The survival of both creatures这两种生物能否生存下去depends on getting through to the ground.取决于能否挖到地面的食物For the bison,it will be a matter of brute strength.对于美洲野牛来说用蛮力就可以做到Massive neck muscles enable them to shovel five tonnes of snow a day.强大的颈部肌肉让他们每天可以铲五吨的雪10Their lightweight neighbour needs more pre-cision.他们小巧的邻居则需要更高的准头The bison have reached their goal,美洲野牛达到了目的a mouthful of withered grass.一大口枯草And where the bison have dug,the fox now spots an opportunity.在美洲野牛挖过的地方狐狸也见缝插针Every footstep counts,每一步都至关重要but he mustn’t break through...但是时机... Yet.还未到He listens carefully to pinpoint his target.他仔细监听着猎物的一举一动It’s moving.它在移动A vole.一只野鼠Small,but100times more nutritious虽然小但是比一嘴干草的than a mouthful of dried grass.营养价值高上百倍To get through the winter on these prairies,想要在这草原上度过严冬sometimes brain beats brawn.有时候脑子比蛮力更加重要Ultimately,life on all grasslands最终所有草原上的生物depends on the turn of the seasons.都依赖于季节的更迭Five hundred miles further north than any tree can survive,在树木生存极限八百公里以北的地方grass returns to life.青草春风吹又生Caribou females have journeyed to the far north雌性北美驯鹿远赴北方to calve.来此产仔Over70,000caribou babies超过七万只驯鹿幼崽will be born in the next few days.将在几天内出生As the calves appear,小鹿出生的时候so too do the leaves of the newly sprouting grass.也正是青草发新芽的时候And the calves must strengthen quickly.幼鹿必须迅速增强体能Within days they will have to keep up with their parents几天内他们就将跟随自己的父母on a neverending march.踏上无尽的征程At one day old,they’re already faster than an Olympic sprinter.第一天他们的速度就已经超过人类短跑健将They’re testing the legs that will carry them thousands of miles,他们正在测试自己跋山11涉水用的四肢better to learn their limitations now.最好现在就知道极限在哪里It may look playful,but there’s no harder life on the grasslands看起来很好玩但草原上最艰苦的生活than that facing these infants.正等着这些他们The caribou mothers now join together,母驯鹿现在聚集起来each with an infant exactly the same age.每只都带着一只同样大小的幼鹿They’re setting off on the greatest她们准备启程overland trek made by any animal.进行陆地上最伟大的长途跋涉But wherever grass eaters travel,但是无论草食性动物走到哪里predators lie in wait.都有捕食者等待着他们Here they are,Arctic wolves.就是他们北极狼They must seize their chance他们必须要在while the caribou pass through their terri-tory.驯鹿经过领地时把握住机会The wolf runs at the herd,北极狼跑向鹿群trying to flush out the weak or the slow.试图冲散群体中的弱者A calf is separated.一只幼鹿走散了At full tilt,40miles an hour,狼全力以赴捕猎的时速将近60公里the wolf is just faster.只比小鹿快一点点But the calf has stamina.但是幼鹿的耐力更好Only a few weeks old,虽然只有几周大and this calf’s will to survive is remarkable.这只幼鹿的求生欲望让人叹为观止And it needs to be,而且必须如此for these young caribou have now started a journey这些幼鹿开始了一场that will last a lifetime.终其一生的旅程Forever chasing the seasonal growth of the grass永远追寻着他们所需要的on which they depend.季节性生长的青草Like all grassland creatures,they are at the mercy和其他草原生物一样他们依赖着of these unpredictable but ultimately boun-tiful lands.这变化莫测而又极其慷慨的大草原Grass can survive some of the harshest con-ditions on earth,青草可以在地球上最为极端的环境下生长flood,fire and frost,and still flourish.经受12洪水火灾和冰霜的考验仍然生机盎然So it is that grasslands provide a stage所以草原为地球上for the greatest gatherings of wildlife on planet earth.最壮观的野生动物群提供了舞台For the grasslands team,no location would prove as challenging对于草原摄制组来说在印度东北部as that dominated by elephant grass in north-east India.长满象草的草原拍摄最富挑战性The aim,to capture intimate images我们要用最先进的技术of some the world’s most elusive creatures近距离捕捉世界上using the latest technology.最稀有生物的精彩瞬间But they will need to be careful.但是他们必须小心翼翼than in any other national park on the planet.位列所有国家公园之首we have to take an armed guard,我们必须带上全副武装的保卫员’cause there are so many animals in here that are dangerous.因为这里危险的动物太多了Tigers are probably the least of our worries,我们最不担心的就是老虎but rhinos and buffalo,但是犀牛和水牛elephants,sloth bear,all of them can injure you.还有大象和懒熊都会伤害到你And we gotta keep up with our armed guard.必须跟紧我们的保卫员The team have bumped into their first obsta-cle.摄制组遇到了第一个难题There’s a rhino right there.那里有一只犀牛Let’s go back because我们要往回走it’s too risky going through this heavy grass.因为穿过这片茂密的草丛太危险了Let’s get in the open.我们挑开阔的地方走There’s another rhino.又有一只犀牛Now we have two rhinos.Let’s get in here.现在我们遇到了两只犀牛我们走这边Okay.好了The guard throws a ball of mud to one side of the rhinos,保卫员将土块扔向犀牛的一边moving the animals on without harming them.在不伤害他们的情况下将他们赶走We’re okay.It’s gone.Okay.我们安全了它走了好的What about the other one?另一头怎么办Let’s go,quick.我们走快点With the rhinos now a safe distance away,现13在犀牛退到了安全距离以外the crew focus on the best spots to position their camera traps.制作组开始寻找放置运动感应相机的最佳地点I love that tunnel,the effect.我很喜欢这条通道效果很好Over100scaffold poles provide the anchor points为了支起这些隐蔽的摄像机for these secret cameras.我们使用了一百多根脚手架杆When an animal triggers an infrared beam,红外线探测到动物时the cameras will switch on automatically and start recording.摄像机就会自动开启并开始录制If it works,the remotecontrol cameras在理想情况下远程控制的摄像机should capture closeup footage without dis-turbing the animals能够在不惊扰动物也保障摄制组安全的情况下or putting the crew at risk.捕获到动物近景Basically,that’s about我们已经尽全力as much like grass as we can make it look.将摄像机装饰的像草丛的一部分As night falls,随着夜幕降临the crew head back to base for safety.为确保安全摄制组回到了基地It’s time for the new technology to prove its worth.是时候让最新科技产品证明自己的价值At dawn,the crew have a whodunnit mystery on their hands.破晓时分摄制组需要猜一猜谁是罪魁祸首That’s carnage!一片狼藉This looks like elephant,we think?这看上去像大象是不是This is scaffold pole他们把脚手架的杆子they have bent.Look at that.掰成了这样看看It’s a sad day.You win some,you lose some.今天不大好不可能天天都赢And this time,the animals have outsmarted us.这一次动物更胜一筹In fact,check this out.实际上来看看这个So this is our little army of guards,protect-ing our trigger box.我们的触发器上来了一群警卫军Do they bite?These ones,they bite?它们咬人吗这些虫子咬人吗Sting?会叮人吗The little.小混蛋While Chadden irons out the bugs,在查登处14理虫子问题的时候Sandesh has met some grumpy locals.山德士则遇到了暴脾气的本地居民Wild Asian Water Buffalo have extraordi-nary senses.野生亚洲水牛十分敏锐Mothers will charge if they feel threatened.母水牛在感到威胁时便会猛冲上去and with good reason.这样做的理由非常充分That’ll wake you up in the morning.真的是一下子就清醒了Many of the park staff园区很多工作人员have cautionary tales about buffalo.都有和水牛有关的警戒故事The buffalo caught him here,through his throat水牛冲他这里顶过来捅进了他的喉咙and the horn came out through his mouth牛角从嘴边穿了出来and flung him before running away.把他甩出去后跑走了It’s a miracle that he’s still alive.他能活下来真是个奇迹If the wildlife is unfriendly to humans,若说野生动物对人类并不友好it’s proving downright hostile to camera traps.那他们对摄像机简直充满了敌意Completely ripped out the scaffold poles,他们把脚手架杆都拔了出来they’ve torn the triggers.破坏了触发器While Chadden is convinced it’s elephants,查登笃定这是大象的杰作the rest of the crew are not so sure.但其他工作人员则不那么确定This is huge!这太大了It’s almost like a human footprint.几乎有人的脚印那么大You can see the front paw,the rear paw.能看到这是前爪这是后爪We are now two weeks in and it’s very frus-trating.我们拍摄了两周倍感挫折I’ve never actually been anywhere where the animals在这里设备被动物攻击毁坏的次数go after your equipment and destroy it,more than here.比我拍摄过的其他地方都要多It’s time for the team to do some detective work.是时候展开一下侦查工作了Here is our little security camera.我们在这里放了一个小监视器If any animals are coming through如果有动物经过and vandalising our main cameras,破坏我们的主摄像机15we hope that they’re being caught on these little things.希望这些小监视器能拍下来As the crew up their spying efforts,摄制组尝试更隐蔽的拍摄方法时the guards take them to a promising lead.保卫员带来了一条可观的线索Nothing attracts tigers like a rhino carcass.犀牛残骸最能吸引老虎了It’s very fresh.It’s like from the morning.刚形成不久像早上才踩上去的And it looks like there’s a tiger cub,看上去还有一只小虎崽so it should be a tigress with cubs,应该是一只母虎带着虎崽coming to feed on this rhino carcass.来吃这头犀牛的残骸It’s pretty cool.挺有趣Chadden decides to give the camera traps one last chance.查登决定给运动感应相机最后一次机会If there are tigers around,如果附近有老虎出没they might scare away the mystery vandals.他们可能会吓跑神秘的相机破坏者Elsewhere in the park,在园区的另一处the security cameras are turning up some un-expected results.监控摄像头揭示出让人意想不到的结果At nighttime,survived another...Ooh!夜幕降临又平安渡过...It’s a bear.是头熊Wow,that’s a very rare sighting.这真的很少见I’ve never seen a bear in Kaziranga.我从没在加济兰加里见过熊In all my years,never.这么多年里从没见过Oh,his fingernails...Look at his claws,他的指甲看他的爪子right on the lens.正好一掌拍在镜头上So I thought this was elephant damage.我以为这是大象破坏的I never thought we’d see a sloth bear doingthat.从没想过会是懒熊That’s amazing.太神奇了A return to the rhino carcass我们回到了犀牛残骸所在地and the plot thickens.故事愈发扑朔迷离Our transmitter’s gone.我们的传送器不见了That’s what tigers think of camera traps.这就是老虎对动作感应摄像头的看法Do you think there’s a bit over there?那边16。
行星地球我们陆地的边缘都是浅海域Our planet's continents are fringed by shallow seas.它们挨着大♥陆&hearts深很少地超过200米深，大♥陆&hearts深有时可能延伸达几百英里Rarely more than two hundred meters deep they lie on the continental shelves which may stretch sometimes for hundreds of miles再往下就是漆黑的深渊before the sea floor drops into deeper darker waters.尽管浅水域仅仅占据了8%的海洋All together they constitute a mere eight percent of the world's oceans不过大多数的海洋生物都生活在这里but they contain the vast majority of it's marine life.海洋英配解说:大卫•爱登堡一只雄性座头鲸正在用歌♥声吸引雌鲸来交♥ BE♥A male humpback whale sings to attract a mate.座头鲸刚刚回到它的热带地区的浅海繁殖地The whales have just returned to their breeding grounds in the shallow seas of the tropics. 幼鲸才刚刚几周大The calf is no more than a few weeks old.虽然已经三米长，一吨♥重还是比较虚弱，也容易受攻击Despite being three meters long and weighing nearly a ton, he is nonetheless vulnerable. 不过幸好有妈妈照料but his mother watches over him疲劳的幼鲸被妈妈托上浮上水面好让它呼吸空气and, as he begins to tire, she supports him close to the surface so that he can breathe more easily.赤道附近的浅海是个非常理想的托儿所These shallows around the equator are excellent nurseries.温暖，平静，很少有掠食者They're warm, calm, and contain very few predators.顽皮的小座头鲸每天要喝500公升奶The playful calf is now drinking five hundred liters of milk a day但是它的妈妈却饿的要死but his mother must starve.在这里母鲸没有东西可以吃There is nothing for her to eat here.和多数热带浅海域一样Like many tropical shallow seas这片明净的水域实际上没有什么生机these crystal clear waters are virtually lifeless.虽然充满阳光但是这里主要缺少浮游生物生长所需的养分They receive year round sunlight but they lack the nutrients essential for the growth of plankton.母座头鲸接下来要困在这里大约5个月The mother will be trapped here for the next five months 等到小鲸足够强壮了,才开始到极地进食点的旅行until her calf is strong enough to make the journey to the feeding grounds, near the poles.Coral reefs are oases in a watery desert 多数热带浅海比较荒凉Most tropical shallows are barren不过珊瑚礁汇聚着地球上四分之一的海洋生物but these coral havens contain one quarter of all the marine life on our planet 珊瑚礁是珊瑚虫的产物Reefs are the work of polyps 一种象小海葵的有机生命群体tiny colonial animals like minute sea anemones 可是它们生成的大堡礁甚至可以在月球上看到yet the great barrier reef is so big it can be seen from the Moon.大堡礁由超过2000个独♥立♥珊瑚礁组成绵延在澳大利亚东北部海岸，长度超过1000公里It's actually two thousand separate reefs that together form a barrier stretching for over a thousand miles along Australia's northeastern coast不管有多大Despite it's vast size这里珊瑚礁也不可能容纳全部的海洋生物this reef does not contain the greatest variety of marine life on the planet让我们去印度尼西亚的北部看看For that one must travel north to Indonesia.印度尼西亚的这些珊瑚礁所容纳的各种鱼类几乎跟全加勒比海一样多There are individual reefs in Indonesia that contain almost as many kinds of fish as live in the whole of the Caribbean.而且珊瑚物种也要多十倍There are also ten times the number ofcoral species.Corals thrive in these waters with the help of microscopic plants, algae that grow within the tissues of the polyps珊瑚虫利用触手抓食经过它身边的食物and the polyps feed by snaring passing morsels with their tentacles.到了晚上,共生藻停止工作珊瑚开始释放更多的触手At night, the algae are inactive but then, the polyps put out even more tentacles 这样，珊瑚虫可以昼夜不断地有效进食so coral in effect feeds around the clock.这种完美平衡This well balanced alliance brings benefits不仅有益于给珊瑚虫和藻类to both polyps and algae and between them,同时也把荒凉的海洋变成了绚丽的花♥园♥they turn the barren seas into rich gardens.The Indonesian reefs contain such a variety of life 因为它处在一个巨大的十字路口because they lie at a giant crossroads. 这里是两个大洋的交$匚处印度洋和太平洋This is the meeting place for different seas the Indian Ocean and the Pacific. 在这里，每样物种都要仔细观察Here everything demands a closer look. 在这株海扇上，有2只”珊瑚虫”不像珊瑚虫On the surface of this sea fan, there are two polyps that are not polyps. 豆丁海马-全世界最小的海马，身长不到两公分They're pygmy sea horses, the world's smallest, less than two centimeters high. 这2只雄性豆丁海马正在为争夺领地They are males, settling a territorial dispute, 相互撞头攻击by head butting.电光灯？An electric flash?当然不是，这是火蛤蜥在表演No, the display of a file clam.蛤的肉质外壳的这种非常特别的规律性闪电Perhaps this extraordinary pulsation of the clam's fleshy mantle 是在警告咬它的小鱼？is a warning to frighten away nibbling fish, 不过真正原因无从知晓but no one really knows这里也有蛇许多的蛇And there are snakes here, too, lots of them. 这是巨环海蛇These are banded sea crates.它们在陆地上产卵，在水里捕食They lay their eggs on land but they hunt here in the water. 它们直接捕食鱼速度跟不上They're too slow to catch fish in a straight chase 因此就在珊瑚礁的裂缝和暗处寻找猎物so they seek prey that is hiding in the nooks and crannies of the coral. 它的剧毒能立刻让受害者全身麻痹，动弹不得Their bite is highly venomous and paralyzes their victims. 在这个珊瑚礁里,海蛇并不是单独行动And on this reef the snakes do not hunt alone.许多的黄色绯猊鲤和它的同伴们也在寻找同样的猎物Shoals of yellow goatfish and trivali are seeking similar prey 它们引起了海蛇的注意And they attract the snakes1 attention.它们也加入进来，开始扫荡珊瑚礁As one group of hunters searches the reef they're joined by the other. 至少有30条海蛇加入到了这个队伍At least thirty snakes have now joined the caravan.大鱼将猎物吓到裂缝里The big fish scare the prey into cracks那里,海蛇就能抓住它们了and there the snakes can catch them这样从海蛇嘴里逃跑的猎物也将直接送到这些大鱼嘴里And anything fleeing from the crates will swim straight into the mouths of the waiting trivali. 猎物们没有地方可以躲藏There's nowhere to hide.As the raiders scour the reef, more and more snakes join the hunt 这种鱼蛇之间的合作This cooperation between snakes and fish,引人入胜只是最近才被发现.因为它发生在偏僻的印尼珊瑚礁spectacular though it is, has only recently been observed, for it only happens on the most remote reefs in Indonesia.或许这种事情曾经发生在印尼的大多数珊瑚礁中.Perhaps such hunting alliances were once a common sight 但是到现在只有不到6%的珊瑚礁还还保持着原始状态but today no more than six percent of Indonesia's reefs are in their pristine state.Beyond the coral stretches a world of shifting sand. 这里无处可藏要生存是很困难的事情Out there with nowhere to hide survival is not easy 所以伪装变得至关重要and camouflage can be crucial.如果这个家伙不动的话你说不定会以为这是块贝壳或者石头. If this wasn f t moving, you might think it was a shell or a rock. 实际上，它是条章鱼In fact it's an octopus.这条鲂鱼，它的巨大的胸鳍给它提供了很好的伪装A gurnard. It's huge pectoral fins disguise it's shape 并且它的胸鳍还可以在找寻食物的时候清理砂子and they can also help in clearing away sand when searching for food. 大教鱼藏在地下. The jawfish hides underground.拟态章鱼用强有力的触手摆出特别的姿势警告其他动物远离此地The wonderpus octopus on the other hand has such a powerful bite that it has a special warning display to tell others to keep out of it's way. 植物设法到处生根Here and there, plants manage to take root 它们成了绿海龟的食物and they're cropped by green turtles.,是流砂的世界海草是唯一在海里生长的有花植物Seagrasses are the only flowering plants that have managed to grow in the sea 海草长出叶子状的带状物以此延伸它们埋在沙子里的肉质根茎.although they put out a few ribbon like leaves they produce very extended networks of fleshy stems, risomes, that are buried in the sand.这种蓬勃的长势可以把海床覆盖在下面At their lushest they can transform the sea bed into an underwater meadow. 世界上最大的草海在澳大利亚西部的鲨鱼湾The largest expanse grows in the shallow waters of Shark Bay, in Western Australia. 这片广大的海洋牧场面♥积♥可达1500平方英里These vast aquatic grasslands stretch for fifteen hundred square miles像陆地上的大草原一样这里也养育了大量的食草动物-儒艮and, like terrestrial prairies, they support herds of grazers - Dugongs.儒艮是海洋里最大的食草动物Dugongs are the largest herbivores in the sea.可以长到3米长，半吨♥重They can be three meters long and weigh half a ton它们除了海草什么都不吃他们不停移♥动♥嘴唇,把海草的肉质根茎送到口中and they eat nothing but seagrass, mostly the fleshy risomes, which they excavate with their mobile lips.这群儒艮可以在一天内吃掉足球场般大小的海草A herd can clear a patch of seagrass the size of a football pitch in a single day.食物在热带海域的分布并不平均所以要找到食物也不容易Food is not evenly distributed in the tropical shallow seas and it can take a lot of finding 象宽吻海豚这种又好奇又聪明伶俐又精神充沛的动物but bottlenose dolphins are inquisitive, energetical and very intelligent发明了一种利用浅滩钓鱼的方法and they have discovered a shoal of baitfish.它们一起赶着海浪,好让海浪把它们带到浅水域Together, they ride a wave, using it to carry them into the shallows这样，捕鱼就轻松多了and there, it will be easier to make the catch.在澳大利亚西部In Western Australia这些海豚面临着一个巨大挑战these dolphins have taken on an ever tougher challenge.鱼儿们太靠近沙滩，而那里的水才几厘米深The fish have taken refuge close to the beach where the water is only a few centimeters deep. 用有力的尾巴击晕猎物是海豚们常用的方法Tail slapping is a method dolphins often use to stun their prey不过在这里好像没有什么用处but it doesn't seem to work here.虽然已经很接近鱼儿了急人的是还是差那么一点The fish are tantalizingly close but they're still out of reach, 海豚于是开始用另一种技巧so the dolphins try another technique.用他们有力的尾巴加速Vigorously pumping their tails, they work up some speed如同水上飞机般and then, they hydroplane.这种速度让它们穿越最浅的水域，来到了鱼儿那里Their momentum carries them right through the shallowest waters, and onto the fish. 现在它们有搁浅的危险Now they're in real danger of being stranded但幸运来自勇气but fortune favors the brave.年轻的海豚在远处观看Younger dolphins lie alongside, watching不远处有8只海豚在展示这种高超的技术but so far only eight individuals here have mastered this daring technique.虽然多数热带海洋生物聚集在珊瑚礁或者海洋牧场里Although most life in tropical waters is concentrated around the coral reefs and theseagrass meadows,不过还有些例外引人入胜.there are some spectacular exceptions.巴林的戈壁沙漠The desert of Bahrain seems a very unlikely place 看上去不象是能有大量海鸟筑巢的地方可每年大约有10But every year, a hundred thousand socotra cormorants gather here to breed. 这里相当酷热It's swelteringly hot黑喉卢鸟鹳只好加速呼吸避免中暑and only vigorous panting can prevent the birds from fatal overheating. 看上去这里不是抚育后代的好地方This hardly seems a good place to rear young不过至少没有陆基的捕食者but at least, there are no land based predators here. 麻烦的唯一来源可能就是邻居了The only source of trouble is likely to be the neighbors 所以每一个鸟窝都筑在邻居啄不到的地方so each nest is built just beyond pecking reach食物从哪里来呢？But what about food?这个荒凉沙漠远离温暖的浅海There's only bare sand and the warm shallow sea beyond.而且看上去也不能提供给鸠鹳足够的食物Neither seem likely to produce enough nourishment to support bird life on this scale. 答案是刮起的大风The answer is blowing in the wind.夏马风卷起沙尘吹向波斯湾Sand whipped up by Shamals offshore winds blows into the seas of the Arabian Gulf 风把带着养分的沙尘，像肥料一样撒进大海，把这片浅海变成了富饶的渔场.With the grains come nutrients, which act as fertilizer and they transform the shallow sea into a rich fishing ground矛盾的是热浪朝天的的阿♥拉♥伯半岛So, paradoxically, it f s the roasted sands of Arabia that prevent the gulf阻止海湾变成另一个海中沙漠from being another desert in the sea.小座头鲸现在有五个月大了The whale calf is now five months old.它的身材也大了一倍在热带托儿所的日子也到头了He's almost doubled in size and his days in his tropical nursery are coming to an end. 在这个地方长大温暖而安全It has been a warm and safe place in which to grow up 但在这里他的母亲无法吃到任何东西but there's nothing to eat here for his mother.她在过去的八个月里一直靠储存的脂肪存活She has been living off her fat reserves for the last eight months 现在她临近饿死的边缘and she's close to starving.她现在必须离开趁她还有足够的能量在漫漫征途之中来指导和保护她的幼子She must leave now, while she still has enough energy to guide and protect her cal£ on the long voyage ahead.横越热带座头鲸调头离开赤道走向富饶而气候温和的南半球和北半球海域All across the tropics, humpbacks are heading away from the Equator towards the rich temperate seas of both the southern and the northern hemispheres.这些是更冷、更狂暴、更多危险的水域These are colder, rougher, and more dangerous waters. 母鲸和小鲸鱼必须靠得很近Mother and calf must stay close.他们可以通过拍打海面制♥造♥超越海洋轰鸣的的声音They can send sound signals to one another, above the roar of the ocean 以此相互传送声音信♥号♥ ♥by slapping fins on the surface.在冬季气候温和的海域被风暴肆虐着In winter, the temperate seas are lashed by violent storms.湍流激起海水将深处的养分搅上来The turbulence stirs the water, and draws nutrients up from the depths 但只有养分并不能维持生命but nutrients alone can not support life.还必须有阳光There must also be sunlight春天太阳高悬空中In the spring, as the sun daily climbs higher in the sky藻类开始生长the algae start to grow.旺盛的藻类占据着亚马逊雨林般大小的面♥积♥它们将大海染绿Blooms the size of the Amazon Rainforest turn the seas green. 单体藻类虽然很细小但它们共同产生了我们大气中四分之三的氧气Individually the algae are tiny but together, they produce three quarters of all the oxygen in our atmosphere.藻类被一群让人困惑的生物吃掉They're eaten by an array of bewildering creatures.Salps appear in the plankton soup.这些一个个单体组成的链条可长达15米Individuals link together to form chains which can stretch for fifteen meters.他们用汲取海水，在身体里过滤分离出藻类及其他可食用微粒Pumping water through their bodies they strain out algae and other edible particles. 栉水母在水中游弋，Comb jellies cruise through the water.它们也在这个季节性美汤里蓬勃生长They too flourish in this seasonal soup 在很短的时间内,它们就能达到惊人的数量.and for short periods, they appear in astounding numbers,磷虾,一种小型虾类，如果按重量计算他们是地球上最多量的动物，一群就可达200万吨♥Krill, shrimp like creatures. By weight they f re the most abundant animals on the planet A single swarm can contain two million tons of them磷虾也为鱼提供了大量的食物and that is a lot of fish food.这片温和的浅海是地球上鱼类最密集的地区The shallow temperate seas support the greatest concentrations offish on our planet 大量鱼群从海洋深处的冬歇地赶来Huge shoals migrate from their overwintering grounds in the depths在这片富饶海域进食to feed in these rich waters.鱼群也养育了世界上大多数海洋哺乳动物It's these shoals that support most of the world's sea mammals.海狮拥有捕鱼所需的敏捷和速度Sea lions have all the agility and speed needed to collect what they want 看起来他们也喜欢这样做and seemingly delight in doing so.200条暗色斑纹海豚聚集在一起紧密合作，尽情收获Dusky dolphin, often in pods two hundred strong work together to reap the harvest 它们将鱼群分成许多小群，让猎人们更加易于处理.They break up the shoals into smaller, more manageable balls, and all the hunters benefit 直到夏至海洋表面的养分全部被摄取By midsummer, the surface nutrients have all been absorbed.藻类死亡食物链因此崩溃The algae die and the food chain collapses.然而在少数特别的地方In a few special places, however气候温和的海域维持这个生命水平贯穿整个夏季the temperate seas sustain these levels of life throughout the summer. 在加利福尼亚沿海，洋流持续不断的把养分从海底带到海平面上来Along the coast of California, ocean currents carry a constant supply of nutrients up from the depths to the surface layers.这种上升洋流给巨藻带来了大量养分在夏日阳光照射下它们飞速生长These upwellings fertilize forests of giant kelp, that thrive in the summer sunshine.这片巨藻林有足有三层楼那么高The algal towers are as high as a three story house它们每天还能长半米and they can grow by half a meter a day.海藻中的生命充满戏剧性跟其他森林一样Life in the kelp is as full of drama, as in any other forest 但演员们仍不太为人知.but the cast is less familiar.一大群紫海胆正在发动进攻An army of sea urchins is mounting an attack.海胆们正在吃巨藻的固着器把巨藻固定在石头上的重要装置The urchin plague strikes at the kelp's holdfasts their crucial attachments to the rock.固着器非常坚硬Holdfasts are extremely tough,但是每只海胆有5个锋利的牙齿而且每隔几个月就换牙but each urchin has five teeth, which are self sharpening and are replaced every few months. 海胆吃掉了大♥片♥的海藻森林把它们变成了不毛之地.Urchins fell vast areas of kelp forest creating clearings know as urchin barrens 无法形容的荒凉.yet barrens is a poor description.百万只无脊椎动物侵袭了海床Millions of invertebrates invade the seabed.这里有可怕的大型掠食动物The most fearsome predator here is a giant.向日葵海星长达1米它喜欢吃蛇尾海星The sunflower starfish is a meter across, with an appetite for brittle stars.向日葵海星用触角来试探猎物It uses it's feet to taste for prey,在快速镜头下When it's actions are speeded up,可以清楚看到向日葵海星喜欢吃蛇尾海星,这与蛇尾海星快速逃离现场也是相吻合的it becomes clear that the predator's fondness for the brittle stars is almost matched by the brittle stars ability to get out of the way.成群的饼海胆叠加起来组成防御阵线Sand dollars flat sea urchins cluster together as a defense不过好像在向日葵海星面前没有作用But it doesn't seem to work against the sunflower starfish.向日葵海星挤出它的胃包住饼海胆直接消化其软组织The predator extrudes it's stomach, and wraps it around it's victims liquefying their soft parts, 最后只剩下饼海胆的白色骨架.Nothing is left of them, except their white skeletons.加利福尼亚寒流是季节性洋流，相对较小.The Californian upwellings are seasonal and relatively small 不过在南部非洲的大洋流带来的充足食物能满足百万只海豹的需要but in Southern Africa they're so big they create seas rich enough to support colonies of over a million seals.本格拉寒流--沿南部非洲西岸流动给海洋表面带来充足养分The Benguela Current sweeps along the western coastline of Southern Africa driving nutrient rich waters up to the surface 然后，在非洲南端（好望角）与沿非洲大♥陆♥以南海域流动的厄加勒斯暖流汇合and then, at the southern tip of Africa it meets the Agulhas Current, arriving from the east. 结果是，海洋养分更加丰富.The result: even richer waters.海豹在吃这里大量的鱼和枪乌贼（即觥鱼）The seals here thrive on a diet offish and squid. 在这块海洋里，觥鱼实际上要比鱼类多.In temperate seas there may actually be more squid than fish. 这是宽褶觥鱼These are choker squid,它们在厄加勒斯暖流经过的砂质浅海处产卵and they lay their egg capsules in sandy shallows bathed by the warmer Agulhas Current 每个卵囊都有100多条小觥鱼Each capsule contains a hundred tiny squid.几天后它们长出一些色斑等到成熟后,就可以用这些色斑来互相联♥系♥Within a few days they develop spots of pigment which, when they're adult, they will use to communicate with one another.雌觥鱼继续产卵With females continuing to lay eggs 雄觥鱼则忙于击退竞争对手而放松了警惕and males still preoccupied with repelling rivals, the squid drop their guard. 黄貂鱼Stingray.短尾黄貂鱼身长可达2米Short tailed stingray can be up to two meters across.它是世界上最大的一种？与之相称的还有它的胃口They're the largest of all the stingrays, and they have appetites to match- 还有掠食者在游弋Another predator is on the prowl.南非虎头鲨The aptly named ragged tooth shark.虎头鲨可以长到3米长Raggies grow to three meters long,不过还有2倍于它的鲨鱼在和它们一起分享这片水域but they share these waters with a shark twice their size. 大白鲨The great white.地球上最大的掠食性鱼类The largest predatory fish on the planet黎明时分,南非海狗离开聚居地去捕鱼Each dawn cape fur seals leave their colony to go fishing. 要到达远海To reach the open sea,它们必须穿越一片狭窄的水域they must cross a narrow strip of water大白鲨就在那里逡巡and that is patrolled by great whites.每只海豹必须拼命游泳Each seal is indeed swimming for it's life.可大白鲨让人惊奇The shark relies on surprise.大白鲨的速度和力量来自体内高速的新陈代谢The great white's turn of speed is powered by a high metabolism.它们只呆在冰冷的海里，也只有大海才有充足的食物供这种贪婪的掠食者享用They only thrive in cold temperate seas for only these waters contain sufficient food necessary to fuel such a ravenous predator.当你朝南北两极旅行更冷，更多风暴的海域才是更加富饶的As you travel towards the poles north or south the colder, stormier seas can become even richer.在南非和南极之间Midway between South Africa and the South Pole有一个与世隔绝的岛屿--马里恩岛lies the isolated island of Marion.岛屿位于气候恶劣的”咆哮西风带”The island sits in the infamous u roaring forties"不间断的大风把海底的养分送上来从而给帝企鹅提供了丰富的食物where incessant gale force winds draw nutrients up from the depths ensuring plenty of food for king penguins.帝企鹅刚刚完成了3天的捕捞航行The kings are returning from a three day fishing trip,并给孩子们带来了食物with food for their chicks不过首先它们要通过拥挤的海滩But first they must cross a crowded beach,从巨大的,暴躁的海象间开出一条路来threading their way between gigantic and bad tempered elephant seals,在这块富饶的捕鱼圣地上大约有20万只企鹅在这里繁殖The two hundred thousand penguins breeding here are testament to the richness of thefishing.小帝企鹅必须依靠它们的母亲至少一年这给它们父母带来巨大的压力King chicks are dependent on their mothers for over a year and this puts a great deal of pressure on the parents,由于不能飞企鹅必须步行穿越空旷的海滩Being flightless, the returning penguins must cross the open beach on foot海狗，来到海滩繁殖并等待企鹅的到来Fur seals, that have come to the beach to breed, are waiting for them.通常海狗以磷虾为生Fur seals normally live on krill不过现在.它们可以从富含鲸脂的企鹅身上获得意想不到的美味but these have now acquired an unexpected taste for blubber rich penguins.企鹅在海狗面前可能是轻量级选手Penguins may be featherweights by comparison但是企鹅有尖利的喙和易怒的性格but they have razor sharp bills and a feisty character.海狗可能会被啄瞎眼睛The seal could easily lose an eye.唯一的方法就是从背后抓住企鹅不过企鹅也很清楚这一点.The only safe way to grab a penguin is from behind, and the birds are well aware of that 两种动物在这地形下都显得笨拙不过企鹅更容易失败Both animals are clumsy on this terrain but the penguin has the more to lose.成功了！Made it.有三分之二的企鹅能在海狗的攻击下逃生顺利到达永远吃不饱的小企鹅身边Two out of three penguins survive the seal attacks and succeed in reaching their ever hungry chicks.座头鲸接近它们史诗般旅程的终点The humpbacks are nearing the end of their epic journeys.历时2个月，数千英里的跋涉它们进入了两极的极地海洋After two months and thousands of miles, they're entering the polar seas both in the north and the south.在遥远的北方寒冬终于过去In the far north, winter is over at last冰雪开始消融and the ice is starting to melt阿♥拉♥斯加（美国）西部的阿留申群岛是通向白令海的大门The Aleutian Island chain running west from Alaska is the gateway to the Bearing Sea. 随着冰雪的消退，暴烈的天气和汹涌的洋流把这片浅海搅得天翻地覆With the retreating ice, rough weather and ferocious currents stir up these shallow seas. 再加上阳光，这种组合的产生了大量的养分Add sunshine and the mix is spectacularly productive. 500万只水雉鸟从澳大利亚飞行了近万英里来到这里Five million shearwaters have flown almost ten thousand miles from Australia to get here. 总计约有8000万只海鸟到这里度夏In all eighty million seabirds come here for the summer到处都是世界上最伟大的聚集the greatest concentration to be found anywhere on Earth.座头鲸终于抵达The humpbacks have finally arrived.庞大的水雉鸟群大量捕食磷虾The giant shearwater flocks hunt the krill swarms有时它们潜到40米深sometimes diving to depths of forty meters to reach them. 一头成年座头鲸每天能吃掉3吨♥磷虾A large humpback eats three tons of krill a day.夏季的极地海域是地球上最多产的The polar seas in summer are the most productive on the planet 鲸鱼昼夜不停地在此进食and the whales gorge themselves round the clock.它们现在积累的脂肪The fat reserves they lay down now可以支持到明年再来will keep them alive during the year to come不过也可能不会再来了but it may not always be this way.鱼和磷虾的产量正在迅速减少象这样的景象可能很快将成为历史Fish and krill stocks are declining so rapidly that spectacles like this may soon be part of history.一旦母鲸和小鲸到达他们的给养地它们就要分开Once the mother and calf have reached their feeding grounds, they will separate.如果幸运的话小座头鲸还要把从赤道到极地的史诗般旅程With luck, the calf will make the epic journey across the oceans from equator to pole 重复70次another seventy times让我们在浅海之间来回巡游赞叹于地球生命的丰富多彩.cruising back and forth between the shallow seas where life proliferates so abundantly on our planet。
地球脉动第二季第四集中英字幕文字版Imagine a world想象一个世界where temperatures rise to 120 degrees Fahrenheit.气温高达四十九摄氏度Where there's no escape from sun, wind and dust.没有什么能阻挡烈日狂风与沙尘Imagine a world with almost no food or water.想象一个世界几乎没有食物和水These are the conditions这种地方占据了in one third of the lands of our planet.地球上三分之一的土地To live here demands the most extraordinary survival strategies. 生长于斯必须掌握非凡的生存策略This is the oldest desert in the world.这是世界上最古老的沙漠The Namib in south-west Africa.纳米布沙漠位于非洲西南部It's been dry for 55 million years.干旱已经持续了五千五百万年Life here for a hunter is as hard as it gets.对于捕食者来说生活异常艰难A pride of lions.一群狮子One of the very few that endures this desert's她们是极少数能够忍受如此scorching temperatures and lack of water.高温缺水的沙漠环境的物种之一Hunting here presents special problems.沙漠狩猎有着特殊的难题A herd of oryx,这群直角大羚羊the only prey within 20 miles.是方圆三十二公里内唯一的猎物Out here, there is no cover for an ambush.这里没有任何伏击可用的遮挡物It'll have to be a straight chase.唯有直截了当扑杀过去They have failed她们失败了and each failed hunt brings the lions closer to starvation.每失败一次狮群离饿死就更近一步To find enough to eat,为了寻找食物充饥the pride continually searches an area the size of Switzerland. 狮群不断地在瑞士国境那么大的区域内搜寻Three days and 100 miles later, and still no kill.三天里它们走了161公里仍然一无所获These are desperate times.这是濒临绝望的时刻A dry riverbed on the edge of their territory.她们领土的边缘有一条干涸的河床The only animals here are giraffe,长颈鹿是附近唯一的动物but these one-tonne giants could kill a lion with a single kick. 但这重达一吨的巨兽一脚就能踢死一头狮子Lions seldom tackle such formidable prey...狮群很少会去叨扰如此棘手的猎物but this pride can't go on much longer without food.但没有食物充饥狮群已寸步难行...The whole pride must work together as a team为了猎杀成功if they're to succeed.整个狮群必须互相配合Two lionesses lead the chase.两头母狮带头追捕Others race to cut off possible escape routes.其他狮子奋起直追切断猎物的逃生路线The giraffe has the speed and stamina to outrun the pride...长颈鹿的速度和耐力都强于狮群but it's being chased into a trap.但它正被逐入敌人的陷阱...Up ahead, the lead female waits.领头的母狮就在前面等待着It's now up to her.轮到她上场了Most lion hunts end in failure.狮子的猎杀行动多以失败告终But no lions fail more often than those that live in the desert. 但沙漠种群的失败次数远比其他种群要多得多Once again, the pride must continue their search.狮群必须再次踏上寻找食物的征程It does, sometimes, rain in the desert.沙漠地区偶尔也会降雨Here, in the American West,在美国西部地区storms can strike with devastating force.暴风雨会带来灾难性的影响After ten months of drought,十个月的干旱以后millions of tonnes of water百万吨降水are dumped on the land in under an hour.在一小时内倾泻而下Over millions of years,数百万年来sand and gravel carried by the rampaging floods挟带着砂石的湍急洪水have carved channels through the solid rock.在坚硬的岩石上切割出凹槽Slot canyons, 150 feet deep.形成狭缝谷深达46米In some places, these canyons have widened一些地方的峡谷不断侵蚀扩张until the land between them is sculpted into tablelands最终形成桌状高地and isolated pinnacles,和高耸的石塔some of the most dramatic landscapes on the planet.这是地球上最激动人心的自然奇观The rain may be long gone...雨季也许早已过去but there is water here...但沙漠里还是有水...locked away within the tissues of specialist desert plants. 只是储存在沙生植物特化的组织当中...Cacti are unique to American deserts.仙人掌是美国沙漠中独一无二的植物They all hoard water,它们肥硕的茎干storing it in swollen stems有储水功能and protecting it behind a barricade of spines.叶片特化成刺以防止水分散失They're so successful that they dominate these deserts. 这套策略成功地让它们主宰着这片沙漠But this forest of spikes can cause problems但这片尖刺丛林也给居住在此的动物们for the animals that live here.带来了很多麻烦A Harris' Hawk.It has developed special techniques for hunting amongst the cacti. 它练就了在仙人掌林捕食的特殊技能Ground squirrels.这是地松鼠Prey.栗翅鹰的猎物At the first sign of danger当发现危险信号时they bolt for the safety of the thorns.地松鼠们迅速躲进刺丛中避险But the hawks have a tactic to flush them out.但栗翅鹰有法子逼它们出来These are the only birds of prey that hunt in packs.栗翅鹰是唯一成群捕食的猛禽Flying in formation,它们编队飞行they try to drive their quarry into the open.将猎物驱赶到开阔地带But this squirrel is staying put.但这只地松鼠按兵不动So now the hawks continue the hunt...栗翅鹰开始改变策略on foot.转为地面追击...They're closing in from all sides.它们从四面八方逐渐逼近Soon, all escape routes are cut off.很快封锁了所有的逃跑路线The squirrel is trapped.地松鼠陷入绝境The spines that cover almost every plant in this desert 这片沙漠上的植物几乎都浑身是刺can provide protection and shelter for many animals. 它们能为动物提供了庇护之所So, why should these spikes be hung with corpses?可这些尖刺上为什么挂着尸体What kind of creature could be responsible如此可怕的场景究竟for creating such a gruesome scene?是谁的手笔呢There's a mysterious killer at work in this desert.这片沙漠里有一位神秘杀手It's a butcherbird.This little songbird uses the spines就像屠夫用钩子挂肉as a butcher uses his hook...这只小型鸣禽利用这些刺to hold its prey as it dismembers it.将肢解完的食物悬挂起来And with chicks to feed, he also uses the spines as a larder.幼鸟们嗷嗷待哺叶刺就像是食品储藏柜He's been stocking it for weeks.他已经储备了好几个星期Hanging his prey out of the reach of scavengers on the ground把猎物挂起来可以防止地面的食腐动物来争抢ensures that his newly hatched young will never go hungry.以确保刚出生的幼鸟不会挨饿An ingenious solution为了让好时光持续更久点to making the good times last in the desert...这的确是个巧妙的策略if a little macabre.虽然有点毛骨悚然...Some deserts are so arid,有的荒漠十分贫瘠they appear totally devoid of all vegetation.看似寸草不生Yet even these landscapes can be transformed in a matter of days.但即使是这种地方也能在几天之内焕然新生The deserts of Peru are amongst the driest in the world,秘鲁荒漠是世界上最干燥的地方之一but just add a little water and plants that have lain dormant for months 休眠了几个月的植被只要遇到一点点水will burst into life.便可立即恢复生机And when a desert suddenly turns green,当沙漠突然变为绿洲even the most seemingly desolate即使看似最荒凉的地方can become a land of opportunity.也能变得生机勃勃No creature exploits the greening of a desert more quickly 没有什么生物能比蝗虫更早或更轰动地or more dramatically than a locust.发现这抹绿意Madagascar's arid south-west马达加斯加干旱的西南部has received its highest rainfall in years.迎来了近几年最大的降雨Now, an army is on the march,蝗虫大军正大步行进attracted by the smell of newly sprouting grass.追寻着新生嫩芽的香气Locusts are normally solitary creatures,蝗虫通常独居but when food becomes suddenly plentiful但当食物突然充足之时they come together into an unstoppable force它们便聚集成群以势不可挡的气势that devours everything in its path.吞噬沿途所有的植物But this devastation is about to get a lot worse.而这巨大的灾难正愈演愈烈The locusts now transform into winged adults,蝗虫正在变态为有翅的成虫and with conditions as good as this,由于生长环境良好they do so three times faster than normal.它们发育的速度达到平时的三倍Now they are at their most voracious...现在到了食欲最旺盛的时候and with wings, they can take to the skies.有了翅膀它们就能飞行Once airborne, the locusts can travel over 60 miles a day一旦上天蝗虫每天可以飞行九十六公里in their search for new feeding grounds.去寻找新的觅食区A super swarm of this scale may only appear once in a decade. 如此大规模的超级蝗群也许十年才出现一次This one extends over 200 square miles这个蝗群遍布518平方公里and contains several billion individuals.共有数十亿只蝗虫Between them, they will devour 40,000 tonnes of food in a day. 每天能吃掉四万吨食物Nothing can strip a land of its vegetation with such speed蝗灾吞噬植被的速度和彻底性and thoroughness as a plague of locusts.没有任何事物能与之比肩When the food eventually runs out, the whole army will die...当食物消耗殆尽时蝗虫大军就会灭亡but not before it's devastated the land.但不等它们寂灭下来世界早已一片狼藉With no plants to bind them,没有植被固定土壤thin soils soon turn to dust and blow away.稀薄的土层很快就会变成沙尘被风吹走Now, these barren lands are left to the mercy of the elements.如今这片不毛之地只能任由自然力量摆布Scorched by the sun and scoured by windblown sand,烈日炙烤加之风沙侵袭desert rock is shaped into strange, otherworldly landscapes.沙漠岩石形成了奇异非凡的景致These rocky deserts may have a beguiling beauty,这片岩质沙漠或许看似美好but when they become this barren, very little life can endure.但这里如此荒芜极少生物能够适应For many animals, the only way to survive the most hostile times 动物们想要在最严苛的环境里活下来is to keep moving.就必须不断迁移In the Kalahari, brief rains have given way to the dry season.喀拉哈里沙漠短暂的雨季已被旱季替代Food and water are becoming increasingly scarce.食物和水愈发稀缺For these zebra, it's time to leave.这群斑马是时候离开了They're setting off on the longest overland migration斑马的迁移距离称霸made by any mammal in Africa,所有非洲哺乳动物marching towards the scent of distant rains.嗅着远方雨水的味道不断前进As drought intensifies,随着干旱加剧desert-living elephants must also undertake long journeys 沙漠象也必须踏上旅途in search of water.寻找水源The older females can remember where,年长的母象能记住哪些地方even in times of extreme drought, there may still be water 即使在极端干旱的季节也会有水and sometimes lead the herd to a water hole有时她能把象群带领到they may not have visited for decades.数十年前去过的水坑These zebra are almost at the end of their journey.这群斑马即将结束旅程This is what they've been heading for...这里就是它们的目的地A rare water hole.一个珍贵的水坑...In deserts, most water holes are short lived.沙漠里的大部分水坑都转瞬即逝They appear after rains,它们在雨后出现but then vanish almost as quickly as they came.但以几乎同样的速度消失Animals have come here from many miles around.动物长途跋涉来到这里Yet this can be a dangerous place in which to linger.但在此地逗留可能会有危险miles away, in the heart of the desert,离水坑九十六公里远的沙漠中心60sandgrouse chicks are hatching.沙鸡的雏鸟正在孵化It's safer for them to be here.他们待在这里比较安全But being so distant from water is a gamble.但是离水源那么远也有很大风险With only their mother to shield them from the sun,只有母亲在帮他们遮挡太阳if they get nothing to drink, they will be dead within hours. 如果没有水喝雏鸟会在数小时内曝晒而死Their only hope is their father.唯一的希望寄托在父亲身上Every morning he makes the 120-mile round trip每天早上他都要往返飞行一百九十三公里to get water for the family.为家人带水回来Grouse from all over the desert visit this oasis,沙鸡从四面八方飞来这片绿洲arriving together in large flocks,在这里集结成群and that is important.这十分重要There's safety in numbers.数量越多越安全The male snatches a drink,雄沙鸡抓紧时间喝了口水but he also needs to collect water for his chicks.但他还要给雏鸟们带水回去Using specially adapted breast feathers,他胸前特化的羽毛he can soak up water like a sponge.可以像海绵一样吸收大量的水But it takes time, and he is in danger.不过这需要时间而他已身陷危险Goshawk.苍鹰Sandgrouse here are their main prey.沙鸡是他们的主要猎物Again and again, the male sandgrouse risk their lives日复一日雄沙鸡都要冒着生命危险in order to collect water for their chicks.来给雏鸟采水This is why sandgrouse nest so far from water holes.这就是沙鸡巢离水坑如此远的原因At last, he's soaked up as much as he can.终于他吸足了水Carrying a quarter of his body weight in water,带着自身体重四分之一的水he can now set off on the long journey home.他开始漫长的归家旅程He's back, and just in time.到家了时间刚刚好He can give the chicks their first ever drink.雏鸟可以喝上第一口水了But he will have to undertake this perilous journey every day 但在未来两个月他依然每天都要for the next two months踏上这段危险的征程until his chicks can finally make the flight直到雏鸟长大to the water hole for themselves.能独自飞到水坑It's July in the deserts of Nevada in the western United States. 美国西部内华达州沙漠的七月The hottest time of the year.是一年中最炎热的时候Bands of wild horses, mustang, are converging on一群群美洲野马聚集在one of the last remaining water holes for miles.方圆几公里内仅存的水塘边Now, water not only offers them the chance to drink,水不仅能用来喝it can also bring power.还能借此获得权力If a stallion can control access to water,如果一头公马能够控制饮水权he will have secured mating rights to the entire herd.便拥有与群中所有母马交配的权利So stallions try to dominate these pools,所以公马们会试图独占水塘fighting off rivals who venture too close.赶走所有想要靠近的竞争对手A stranger.一位不速之客He's travelled ten miles to be here他跋涉了十六公里because the pools where he's come from have already dried up. 因为他所在地方的水源已经完全干涸With him come his females.他身后跟着一群母马If he can't provide them with water, they will leave him 如果他无法提供水源她们都会离开for the white stallion who already dominates this pool. 跟这匹已经占有水池的白马在一起So, he will have to fight.他必须选择战斗There is everything to lose.这一战至关重要A broken leg or a shattered jaw若是断了腿或是碎了下巴would mean a slow and painful death.就意味着死前将饱受折磨A missed kick, and it's all over.没踢中一切都结束了The new arrival has won...新来的马取得了胜利and his prize is more than just the chance to drink.他所获得的奖赏不只是可以喝水He has provided for his herd, and in the process,他为马群提供了水源与此同时stolen his rival's females.抢走了竞争对手的后宫The white stallion's rule is over.白马的统治已经结束Desert life is not only shaped by the scarcity of water, 沙漠中不仅水源稀缺but also by the relentless power of the sun.更有炎炎烈日的残酷炙烤The highest temperatures on Earth地球上的最高温度记录have all been recorded in its deserts.全部出现于沙漠中Changes in the climate mean temperatures here气候变化让这里的温度are rising more than the global average,涨幅和速度都超过全球平均值and as deserts heat up, they are also expanding.随着温度升高沙漠也在不断扩散Every year, a further 50,000 square miles of grass and farmland 每年都有近十三万平方公里的草地和农田are turning into barren stretches of dust and rock.变成了贫瘠干涸的尘土沙石In the heat of the day,一天中最热之时surface temperatures can reach 160 degrees,沙漠地表温度可达七十一摄氏度far too hot to handle for most.大多数生物都无法忍受But not for this shovel-snouted lizard.但这只铲吻蜥蜴却可以Raising its feet off the ground in turn...它将四肢轮流抬起enables each to briefly cool.短暂降温一下...But even this dancing desert specialist可即便是这位耐热性极强的沙漠舞者can't stand the heat for long.也无法长时间忍受高温One option is to find shade.一个办法是寻找阴凉Dune grass, the only vegetation here, provides virtually none, 沙丘草是这里唯一的植物近乎无荫可寻but just an inch beneath the surface of the sand,但仅仅是沙子表面下几厘米处it is several degrees cooler.温度都要低上几度Avoiding the extreme heat imposes a rhythm on desert life. 为躲避难耐的高温沙漠动物有了自己的节奏And many animals here choose the simplest option of all... 许多动物都选择了最简单的解决方案...staying hidden all day,白天隐匿在各处and only venturing out in the cool of the night.只在凉爽的夜晚外出活动As darkness falls, animals appear from seemingly nowhere. 夜幕降临动物纷纷从各处冒出And, among them, inevitably,而这之中必然存在are hunters.猎食者One of the most voracious nocturnal predators其中最贪婪的夜间捕食者is also one of the hardest to see.也最难寻觅它们的踪迹This mysterious creature这个神秘的生物hardly ever appears on the surface of the dunes.鲜少出现在沙丘表面But there are signs on the sand that can give it away.但沙子的移动却泄露了它的行踪It lives only here,它只生活在where the sand grains are so perfectly dry and polished, 沙粒干燥光滑的地区that they flow almost like water.让它们可以如流水般行动自如It's no bigger than a ping-pong ball.它的体型还没有乒乓球大A golden mole.一只金毛鼹鼠It's totally blind,它的视力已完全退化but there's nothing to see underground anyway.但地下本来也没有什么可看的Instead, it has superb hearing.取而代之的是它极佳的听觉Its entire head acts as an amplifier它的头犹如扩音器that picks up vibrations through the sand,能够捕捉通过沙子传来的振动so, to locate prey on the surface of the dune,所以为了定位沙丘表面上的猎物it has, paradoxically, to thrust its face into the dune.它反而矛盾地将脸埋进沙子里Termites.白蚁Not easy to catch when you're blind.双目失明自然不太好捉Far better to go into stealth mode.最好还是切换成隐身模式Once below the sand,一旦潜入沙中it can detect the slightest movement...金毛鼹鼠可以感知微弱的震动allowing it to strike with pinpoint accuracy.让它能发动精准袭击Well, most of the time.大多数时候是这样They can travel two thirds of a mile a night它们一晚可以行进1.1公里in search of its dinner...来寻找晚餐and right now, it has just detected its main course.现在它刚刚发现了自己的主菜Little wonder it's sometimes called "The shark of the dunes". 难怪它有时候被称作“沙丘之鲨”Food can be so scarce in the desert that, even at night,食物在沙漠中非常稀缺即便是在夜晚animals can't afford to be choosy about what they eat.动物们也无权挑剔自己的饮食Israel's Negev desert.在以色列的内盖夫沙漠Otonycteris, the desert long-eared bat, is on the hunt.中东尖耳蝠沙漠中的长耳蝙蝠正在捕猎Most bats catch flying insects on the wing,大多数蝙蝠在飞行中捕捉飞虫but there are so few of these in the desert但在沙漠中飞虫数量极少that this bat must do things differently.这只蝙蝠必须另寻他路It has to hunt on the ground.它必须在地面捕猎But what really sets it apart is what it's hunting...但真正让它与众不同的是它的猎物A deathstalker scorpion.一只以色列金蝎The venom of this species is potent enough to kill a human.这种蝎子的毒液足以毒死一个人Tackling it seems madness for a bat weighing just half an ounce. 捕捉毒蝎对于仅有14克重的蝙蝠来说近乎疯狂In the pitch-black,周围一片漆黑both predator and prey are effectively blind,猎食者和猎物都丧失了视力but the scorpion has one advantage...但是蝎子有一项优势he can sense the approach of the bat他能够通过沙子的振动through vibrations in the sand.感知到蝙蝠的靠近Otonycteris must rely entirely on its hearing.尖耳蝠则要完全依靠自己的听觉If the scorpion doesn't move, it won't know it's there.如果蝎子不动它就无法感知其位置The battle is on.战斗打响了Armed with crushing pincers and a sting loaded with venom, 凭借强大的双钳和一根毒刺this scorpion is a dangerous opponent.这只毒蝎是一个危险的对手A direct strike on the head.蝙蝠脑袋遭到一记猛刺Is it all over?战斗结束了吗Not for this bat.对这只蝙蝠来说并没有Otonycteris clearly has some immunity to the venom,尖耳蝠显然对毒液有一定的免疫but repeated stings must still be extraordinarily painful.但连续的猛刺给它带来了难言的剧痛And if the bat is not to go hungry,如果这只蝙蝠不想挨饿it must catch another three scorpions before sunrise.它必须在日出之前再抓住三只蝎子Desert animals have developed remarkable strategies沙漠动物进化出了非凡的策略to make the most of the rare opportunities that come their way.来充分利用难得的良机Although some deserts may not see rain for several years, 虽然有些沙漠也许数年都不会下雨most will hold a little water in one form or another.但大多数都会以各种形式储存少量的水分The trick is simply knowing how to reach it.诀窍在于如何获取水分Dawn in the dunes of the Namib,破晓时分纳米布沙漠的沙丘上and something magical is happening.神奇的现象正在发生Moist air lying over the neighbouring Atlantic大西洋沿岸上空的湿空气is cooled and blown inland,冷却并被吹至内陆forming fog banks that shroud the desert in mist.形成雾堤笼罩沙漠This precious moisture lies tantalisingly out of reach这些珍贵的水汽诱人地弥漫在沙丘顶部at the top of the dunes, and it won't last long.难以触及而且不会久留It'll be burnt off by the sun just hours after it rises.太阳升起数小时后就会被烤干Darkling beetles race to the top of the dunes拟步甲狂奔至沙丘顶部to reach the fog before it vanishes.要赶在薄雾消失之前吸收水分Some of the Namib's dunes are 1,000 feet high,纳米布的沙丘有些高达300米the tallest in the world.堪称世界之最For a beetle no larger than a thumbnail, this is the equivalent 对于拇指盖大小的甲虫来说攀爬距离相当于of us climbing a dune twice the height of Everest.人类攀爬一座比珠穆朗玛峰高两倍的沙丘But even more impressive is what it does next.但更令人印象深刻的是它接下来的举动Standing perfectly still, facing into the wind,身体正直迎面朝风the beetle does a headstand.甲虫倒立在沙丘上Fog begins to condense on its body.薄雾开始在它身上凝结成水滴Microscopic bumps on its wing cases鞘翅上的小凸起direct the water to grooves that channel it towards the mouth.将水引到通向嘴部的一个小沟渠里Before returning down the slip face,在回到背风坡上之前it will drink 40% of its body weight.它要喝下百分之四十体重的水分This little beetle has learned这只小甲虫学会了how to conjure water out of the air如何在地球上最干燥的地方之一in one of the driest places on earth.从空气中变出水来And it's not alone on the top of the dunes.然而它并非沙丘顶部唯一的访客Web-footed geckos use a similar trick.蹼趾虎也采用了相似的办法Surely, few animals go to greater lengths to get a drink.肯定少有动物跋涉更远的距离去获取水分Unfortunately, Namaqua chameleons know that on foggy mornings, 不幸的是纳米比亚变色龙知道在薄雾弥漫的早晨the beetles coming down the dunes从沙丘上下来的甲虫are juicier than those going up.会比上去的更多汁The diversity of life that thrives in a world在这样一个水资源完全匮乏的世界almost totally devoid of water is truly remarkable.生物多样性如此之高确实令人惊叹Success in the desert在沙漠中成功存活depends on an extraordinary variety of survival strategies依靠的是数百万年进化而来的that have evolved over millions of years.非凡多样的生存策略But our planet is changing.但我们的地球正遭受着变故The world's deserts are growing bigger, hotter and drier,世界沙漠的面积在扩大温度更高更加干燥and they're doing so faster than ever before.而且在以史无前例的速度变化着How life will cope here in the future remains to be seen.沙漠生命在未来如何存活依旧有待观察Finding animals in these vast empty landscapes在广阔空旷的沙漠中寻找动物was a persistent problem for the Deserts team.是沙漠区摄制组一直面临的难题But surely this wouldn't be the case when they set out to film 但拍摄地球上最大的野生动物聚集场面one of the greatest concentrations of wildlife on earth.这显然不会有问题吧It can't be hard to find a billion locusts, can it?寻找十亿只蝗虫有什么难的不是吗Ok.出发With news that freak rains have triggered有新闻说一场不寻常的大雨a mass emergence of locusts in a remote part of Madagascar, 给马达加斯加的一个偏僻地区招来了蝗虫群the team sets off in pursuit.摄制组动身开始追赶We've got some young hopper locusts有一些蝗虫若虫just crossing the road in front of us here.在我们面前横穿马路We've just had to stop the cars.我们只能停车Here they are, here, all on the side of the road, look.它们就在这里全都在路边快看It looks promising.看起来可以拍摄But though finding hoppers is easy,找到蝗虫若虫虽然简单filming them proves more of a challenge.拍摄它们却是一项挑战Can we rethink this? Because it's not really working.我们能换个办法吗这真的不行The locusts are really skippy.蝗虫非常敏感Any kind of movement, they just freak out,只要有风吹草动它们就吓跑了so we're now doing our best locust-herding techniques所以我们正在努力地驱赶蝗虫to try to get them to go in front of the lens,让它们聚集在镜头前which is proving harder than anticipated.但是这比想象中的困难得多This is my Monday morning locust-herding jazz hands.这是我周一早上驱赶蝗虫跳的爵士手舞an4\pos(68.8,204.8)}{\fsp1\fn方正兰亭细黑_GBK\b0\bord0\blur0\shad4\fad(50,50)\fs18}托比·诺兰\N研究员{\What? What's that?怎么了那是什么What? - It's a wasp nest.-什么-这是黄蜂的蜂巢-Soon, the crew find themselves surrounded by locusts.很快摄制组发现自己被蝗虫包围No need for jazz hands now.再也不用跳爵士手舞了It's a good start,是个好的开始but the team still need to film the winged swarms但是摄制组还需要拍摄迁飞的蝗虫群that complete the story.使纪录片更加完整But, once airborne, they can travel 60 miles a day,但只要起飞它们每天可以飞行一百公里so finding a swarm won't be easy.所以找到一大群并不容易Fortunately, the UN's Food and Agriculture Organisation幸运的是联合国粮农组织也在这里are here, too, to help.可以帮上忙The FAO are on a mission to eradicate the plagues粮农组织此行的目的是decimating crops across Madagascar,根除在马达加斯加肆虐的蝗灾and if anyone knows where the locusts are,如果有人知道蝗虫的去处it's the local expert, Hasibelo.那一定是当地的专家哈斯贝罗He thinks that they are moving this way.他认为蝗群在朝这个方向移动Time to go swarm-chasing.是时候去追赶蝗群了But chasing is the operative word.追赶真的是最恰当的表达方式The locusts always seem one step ahead.因为蝗群似乎总是先行一步It's amazing, really,真的非常神奇because this plan's completely radically changing, hour by hour. 因为这个计划每个小时都截然不同We now have to travel several hours further north,现在我们要往北再开几个小时which is... a bit of a pain.这有点儿头疼It's a bit of a pain.是有点儿头疼As they venture into the unknown,当他们驶入未知之地it's clear it's been a very wet year indeed.很显然这一年雨水丰沛Traffic is one thing,交通拥挤是一回事儿but boats on the road?但是在路上开船Unconventional traffic.还真是不寻常的交通工具Progress is slow, and soon stops altogether.进展缓慢很快就完全停滞了The locusts are just across the water,蝗群就在河对岸so the team must follow...所以摄制组必须跟上on this.用这个What could possibly go wrong?能有啥问题We're now stuck on, possibly, the world's most antiquated raft 我们现在只能靠这古董一般的木筏trying to cross a very fast-flowing river.渡过一条非常湍急的河流But, onwards and upwards.但是我们别无选择We've now got an hour-long river crossing,渡河需要个把小时and we'll just have to see what's on the other side.过去了才能知道有啥With the river behind them, it should be plain sailing.渡了河应该就一马平川了But once across, the team discovers that, yet again,但是渡河之后摄制组才发现。
