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新编英语教程第三版第5册Unit6-10重点词汇短语语言点Unit61.Join in a symposium on sth./be included on the program参加一个有关...的研讨会2.Symposium seminar conference convention注意区分3.anchorman新闻节目主播4.Distinguished extinguish distinct distinctive instinct extinct5.To the core彻底地道的6.Aggressive progress progression regress digress7.Savvy：well-informed and perceptive:shrewd精明能干的有见识的8.Solid：definitely good and steady but perhaps not excellent or special相当不错的（但谈不上特别或出色的）9.In the ways and means在各方面10.,as i understand it,我认为11.Scrutinize：to observe or examine with great care~the diamond for flaws仔细察看钻石有无瑕疵12.Address a question to sb.提出问题13.Colleague college collage14.Prone be prone to...有。
倾向的15.Distortion歪曲扭曲事实的陈述16.React as though+从句17.Be blamed for/scold fault condemn因...而受到责难18.Deal with有关关于this is a book dealing with sth.19.Downside n.负面消极面20.At most至多；最迟21.Be apt to22.Sniper狙击兵23.Devalue贬值=devaluate24.Solely完全单独独自25.Collide with与...相撞26.Misshapen畸形的27.Catastrophe:a sudden event that causes many people to suffer灾难；灾祸；横祸28.Change for the better29.Underinformed&overinformed了解不足&知之甚多30.In turn转而31.Defeatism:an attitude to expect not to succeed32.Inhibitor抑制剂抑制者33.An unrelieved diet of=all coverage of比喻意多得令人生厌的事物Unrelieved:(formal)(of an unpleasant situation令人不快的情况)continuing without changing 持续不变的；未缓和的34.Deplete使空虚使消耗~sth of sthSurely it is an economic nonsense to deplete the world of natural resources.耗尽世界的自然资源毋庸置疑是愚蠢的经济行为。
Unit 5 The Plug-in Drug: TV and the American FamilyA quarter of a century after the introduction of television into American society, a period that has seen the medium become so deeply ingrained in American life that in at least one state the television set has attained the rank of a legal necessity, 1safe from repossession in case of debt along with clothes, cooking utensils, and the like, television viewing has become an inevitable and ordinary part of daily life. Only in the early years of television did writers and commentators2have sufficient perspective to separate the activity of watching television from the actual content it offers the viewer. In those early days writers frequently discussed the effects of television on family life. However a curious 3myopia afflicted those early observers: almost without exception they regarded television as a favorable, beneficial, indeed, 4wondrous influence upon the family.在电视机这项发明进入美国人生活的25后，他已经在美国人的生活中根深蒂固，甚至美国至少有一个州的法律规定电视机是生活的必须品，而且如果负债，它可以和衣物,厨具一样免于作为财产抵押，而且看电视也成为人们生活中非常普遍甚至是不可避免的活动。
Unit 1 恰到好处你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。
而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。
他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。
语言也是如此。
一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。
差不多的词，不准确的短语，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修饰，都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。
他会一直思考，直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的词。
法国人有一个很贴切的短语来表达这样一个意思，即“le mot juste”, 恰到好处的词。
有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人轶事，比如福楼拜常花几天的时间力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无误。
在浩瀚的词海中，词与词之间有着微妙的区别，要找到能恰如其分表达我们意思的词绝非易事。
这不仅仅是扎实的语言功底和相当大的词汇量的问题，还需要人们绞尽脑汁，要观察敏锐。
选词是认识过程的一个步骤，也是详细描述我们的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和读者深刻理解的一个环节。
有人说：“在我思想未成文之前，我怎么知道自己的想法？”这听起来似乎很离谱，但它确实很有道理。
寻找恰如其分的词的确是件不容易的事。
一旦找到了那个词，我们就会感到很欣慰：辛劳得到了回报。
准确地用语言有助于我们深入了解我们描述的事物。
例如，当有人问你：“某某是怎么样的人？”你回答说：“恩，我想他是个不错的家伙，但他非常……”接着你犹豫了，试图找到一个词或短语来说明他到底讨厌在哪里。
当你找到一个恰当的短语的时候，你发觉自己对他的看法更清楚，也更精确了。
一些英语词汇词根相同而意义却截然不同。
例如human 和humane,二者的词根相同，词义也相关，但用法完全不同。
“ human action (人类行为)”和“humane action ( 人道行为)”完全是两码事。
我们不能说“人道权力宣言”，而是说“人权宣言”。
有一种屠杀工具叫“humane killer ( 麻醉屠宰机)，而不是human killer ( 杀人机器)。
Unit 1 Love of readingText A One Writer's Beginnings1 I learned from the age of two or three that any room in our house, at any time of day, was there to read in, or to be read to. My mother read to me. She'd read to me in the big bedroom in the mornings, when we were in her rocker together, which ticked in rhythm as we rocked, as though we had a cricket accompanying the story. She'd read to me in the dining room on winter afternoons in front of the coal fire, with our cuckoo clock ending the story with "Cuckoo", and at night when I'd got in my own bed. I must have given her no peace. Sometimes she read to me in the kitchen while she sat churning, and the churning sobbed along with any story. It was my ambition to have her read to me while I churned; once she granted my wish, but she read off my story before I brought her butter. She was an expressive reader. When she was reading "Puss in Boots," for instance, it was impossible not to know that she distrusted all cats.2 It had been startling and disappointing to me to find out that story books had been written by people, that books were not natural wonders, coming up of themselves like grass. Yet regardless of where they came from, I cannot remember a time when I was not in love with them —with the books themselves, cover and binding and the paper they were printed on, with their smell and their weight and with their possession in my arms, captured and carried off to myself. Still illiterate, I was ready for them, committed to all the reading I could give them.3 Neither of my parents had come from homes that could afford to buy many books, but though it must have been something of a strain on his salary, as the youngest officer in a young insurance company, my father was all the while carefully selecting and ordering away for what he and Mother thought we children should grow up with. They bought first for the future .4 Besides the bookcase in the living room, which was always called "the library", there were the encyclopedia tables and dictionary stand under windows in our dining room. Here to help us grow up arguing around the dining room table were the Unabridged Webster, the Columbia Encyclopedia, Compton's Pictured Encyclopedia, the Lincoln Library of Information, and later the Book of Knowledge. In "the library", inside the bookcase were books I could soon begin on —and I did, reading them all alike and as they came, straight down their rows, top shelf to bottom. My mother read secondarily for information; she sank as a hedonist into novels. She read Dickens in the spirit in which she would have eloped with him. The novels of her girlhood that had stayed on in her imagination, besides those of Dickens and Scott and Robert Louis Stevenson, wereJane Eyre, Trilby, The Woman in White, Green Mansions, King Solomon's Mines.5 To both my parents I owe my early acquaintance with a beloved Mark Twain. There was a full set of Mark Twain and a short set of Ring Lardner in our bookcase, and those were the volumes that in time united us all, parents and children.6 Reading everything that stood before me was how I came upon a worn old book that had belonged to my father as a child. It was called Sanford and Merton. Is there anyone left who recognizes it, I wonder? It is the famous moral tale written by Thomas Day in the 1780s, but of him no mention is made on the title page of this book; here it is Sanford and Merton in Words of One Syllable by Mary Godolphin. Here are the rich boy and the poor boy and Mr. Barlow, their teacher and interlocutor, in long discourses alternating with dramatic scenes —anger and rescue allotted to the rich and the poor respectively. It ends with not one but two morals, both engraved on rings: "Do what you ought, come what may," and "If we would be great, we must first learn to be good."7 This book was lacking its front cover, the back held on by strips of pasted paper, now turned golden, in several layers, and the pages stained, flecked, and tattered around the edges; its garish illustrations had come unattached but were preserved, laid in. I had the feeling even in my heedless childhood that this was the only book my father as a little boy had had of his own. He had held onto it, and might have gone to sleep on its coverless face: he had lost his mother when he was seven. My father had never made any mention to his own children of the book, but he had brought it along with him from Ohio to our house and shelved it in our bookcase.8 My mother had brought from West Virginia that set of Dickens: those books looked sad, too — they had been through fire and water before I was born, she told me, and there they were, lined up — as I later realized, waiting for me.9 I was presented, from as early as I can remember, with books of my own, which appeared on my birthday and Christmas morning. Indeed, my parents could not give me books enough. They must have sacrificed to give me on my sixth or seventh birthday — it was after I became a reader for myself-the ten-volume set of Our Wonder World. These were beautifully made, heavy books I would lie down with on the floor in front of the dining room hearth, and more often than the rest volume 5, Every Child's Story Book, was under my eyes. There were the fairy tales —Grimm, Andersen, the English, the French, "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves"; and there was Aesop and Reynard the Fox; there were the myths and legends, Robin Hood, King Arthur, and St. George and the Dragon, even the history of Joan of Arc; a whack of Pilgrim's Progress and a long piece of Gulliver. They all carried their classic illustrations. I located myself in these pages andcould go straight to the stories and pictures I loved; very often "The Yellow Dwarf" was first choice, with Walter Crane's Yellow Dwarf in full color making his terrifying appearance flanked by turkeys. Now that volume is as worn and backless and hanging apart as my father's poor Sanford and Merton. One measure of my love for Our Wonder World was that for a long time I wondered if I would go through fire and water for it as my mother had done for Charles Dickens; and the only comfort was to think I could ask my mother to do it for me.10 I believe I'm the only child I know of who grew up with this treasure in the house.I used to ask others, "Did you have Our Wonder World?" I'd have to tell them The Book of Knowledge could not hold a candle to it.11 I live in gratitude to my parents for initiating me —as early as I begged for it, without keeping me waiting — into knowledge of the word, into reading and spelling, by way of the alphabet. They taught it to me at home in time for me to begin to read before starting to school.12 Ever since I was first read to, then started reading to myself, there has never beena line read that I didn't hear. As my eyes followed the sentence, a voice was saying it silently to me. It isn't my mother's voice, or the voice of any person I can identify, certainly not my own. It is human, but inward, and it is inwardly that I listen to it. It is to me the voice of the story or the poem itself. The cadence, whatever it is that asks you to believe, the feeling that resides in the printed word, reaches me through the reader-voice: I have supposed, but never found out, that this is the case with all readers — to read as listeners — and with all writers, to write as listeners. It may be part of the desire to write. The sound of what falls on the page begins the process of testing it for truth , for me. Whether I am right to trust so far I don't know. By now I don't know whether I could do either one, reading or writing, without the other.13 My own words, when I am at work on a story, I hear too as they go, in the same voice that I hear when I read in books. When I write and the sound of it comes back to my ears, then I act to make my changes. I have always trusted this voice.作家起步时我从两三岁起就知道，家中随便在哪个房间里，白天无论在什么时间，都可以念书或听人念书。
Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective（模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose.你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。
而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。
他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。
语言也是如此。
一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。
差不多的词，不准确的短语，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修饰，都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。
李观仪《新编英语教程（5）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】目录Unit 1 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 2 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 3 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 4 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 5 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 6 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 7 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 8 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 9 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 10 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 11 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案Unit 12 一、词汇短语 二、参考译文 三、课文注释 四、练习答案弘博学习网————各类考试资料全收录内容简介《新编英语教程（第3版）学习指南》按照原教材的课次进行编写，每单元涉及单元语法、词汇短语、参考译文、课文精解以及练习答案等内容，旨在帮助学生更好、更高效地学习和掌握教材中的重点及难点知识，具有很强的针对性和实用性。
在编写过程中，该书力求突出重点，答疑难点，语言言简意赅，讲解深入浅出，希望它能得到广大英语专业学生和英语自学者的喜爱和认可。
弘博学习网————各类考试资料全收录Unit 1一、词汇短语Text I1clumsy [5klQmzi] adj. moving or doing things in a very awkward way 笨拙的，拙劣的：I spilt your coffee. Sorry—that was clumsy of me.我把你的咖啡弄洒了。
Unit 1 恰到好处Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective（模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose.你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。
而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。
他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。
语言也是如此。
一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。
Unit6 Grant and Lee格兰特和李1865年4月9日，当尤利西兹·S·格兰特和罗伯特·E·李在弗吉尼亚州阿珀马特科斯县城一所不太大的房子的客厅里会面，商讨李所率的北弗吉尼亚军队投降条件时，美国人生活中一个伟大的篇章结束了，一个崭新的重要篇章开始了。
此二人是在实质上终止内战。
诚然，其他军队尚未投降，已失去主要支柱的逃亡的邦联政府仍将绝望地徒然挣扎数日，想法寻觅生机。
其实，在格兰特和李签署文件之时，一切都已结束。
他们拟定投降条件时用的那间小客厅成了见证美国史上强烈的戏剧性对照的场所。
这两位截然不同的将军都是强有力的人物，他们代表着两股相互冲突的力量的潮流，那两股潮流通过他们最终发生碰撞。
罗伯特·E·李所仰仗的信念是，古老的贵族观念或许能以某种方式继续存在下去，并左右美国人的生活。
李是弗吉尼亚州沿海低地人氏，他的生活背景是家庭、文化、传统……，是被移植到这个正在形成自身的传说与神话的新世界的骑士时代。
他体现了从骑士和英格兰乡绅时代流传下来的一种生活方式。
美国是个一切从头开始的国度，信奉的只不过是一种颇为模糊的信念，即人人拥有平等的权利，在世间应有平等的机会，如此而已。
在这样一个国度里，李代表着这样一种情感，即社会结构中保留一种明显的不平等多少有利于人类社会。
理应存在一个拥有土地的有闲阶级；反过来，社会本身应以土地为本，视其为财富与势力的主要来源。
（根据这一理想）这样一个社会会造就一个对社会有着强烈责任感的阶级，他们不是为自己获利活着，而是为了承担自己的特权所赋予的重大责任活着。
国家从他们中觅得领导人员；国家可依靠他们产生更加高尚的价值观念——思想方面的，行为方面的，个人风度方面的—以求国兴德盛。
李体现了这一贵族理想的最高尚的部分。
拥有土地的贵族通过他获得存在的理由。
四年间，南方各州拼死战斗，以捍卫李所代表的理想。
到后来，南部邦联似乎是为李而战；李本人似乎就是南部邦联……似乎是南部邦联所代表的生活方式能提供的菁华。
Unit 1恰到好处你一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上子？只他左敲敲，右敲敲，不准会将整个子翻，果敲来敲去到来只敲了半截。
而熟的木匠就不么干。
他每敲一下都会巧妙地正着落下去，一到底。
言也是如此。
一位秀的家造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的点。
差不多的，不准确的短，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修，都无法使一位追求真英的作家意。
他会一直思考，直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的。
法国人有一个很切的短来表达一个意思，即“ le mot juste”, 恰到好的。
有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人事，比如福楼拜常花几天的力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无。
在浩瀚的海中，与之有着微妙的区，要找到能恰如其分表达我意思的非易事。
不是扎的言功底和相当大的量的，需要人尽汁，要察敏。
是程的一个步，也是描述我的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和者深刻理解的一个。
有人：“在我思想未成文之前，我怎么知道自己的想法？” 听起来似乎很离，但它确很有道理。
找恰如其分的的确是件不容易的事。
一旦找到了那个，我就会感到很欣慰：辛得到了回。
准确地用言有助于我深入了解我描述的事物。
例如，当有人你：“某某是怎么的人？”你回答：“恩，我想他是个不的家伙，但他非常⋯⋯”接着你犹豫了，找到一个或短来明他到底在哪里。
当你找到一个恰当的短的候，你自己他的看法更清楚，也更精确了。
一些英根相同而意却截然不同。
例如human 和 humane, 二者的根相同，也相关，但用法完全不同。
“human action (人行 ) ”和“ humane action( 人道行 ) ”完全是两事。
我不能“人道力宣言”，而是“人宣言”。
有一种屠工具叫“ humane killer (麻醉屠宰机 ) ，而不是 human killer (人机器 ) 。
言中的坏手的例子在我身随可。
有人邀一名学生去吃，他写信予回复。
看他的信是尾的：“我将很高赴并不安（anxiety）期待着那个日子的到来。
”“ Anxiety ”含有和恐惧的意味。
带插头的毒品：电视和美国家庭（第一部分）在电视机这项发明进入美国人生活的25年后，它已经在人们的生活中根深蒂固，甚至美国至少有一个州的法律规定电视机是生活的必需品，而且如果负债，它可以和衣物、厨具等一样可免于作为财产抵押，并且看电视也成为人们生活中非常普遍甚至不可避免的活动。
只有在电视机进入人们生活的最初几年，作家和评论家们才有充分的洞察力可以将看电视这种活动本身和电视给我们提供的内容分开。
在哪些早期的日子里，作家们经常讨论电视对家庭生活的影响。
不过，奇怪的是，缺乏远见困扰着那些早期的观察家们：他们几乎无一例外地认为电视给家庭生活带来了非常正面的，有益的影响，而且这种影响简直非常奇妙。
早在1947年就有作家预言：“电视机将成为有孩子的每一个家庭的意向真正的财产。
”另一位评论家也声称：“电视将改变你的生活方式和你孩子的生活习惯，但是这种改变肯定是一种非常奇妙的进步。
”1949年，《纽约时报》电视评论家做出这样的评论：“无需调查我们就可以得出这样的结论：电视使家庭成员聚集到了一个房间。
”早期这些关于电视的文章每一篇都会刊登这样的照片或者插图：一家人舒适地围坐在电视机前，女儿坐在妈妈的腿上，男孩靠在爸爸的椅子扶手上，爸爸的手臂环绕着妈妈的肩。
谁会想到大约二十年后会是这样的结果：妈妈在厨房看电视剧，孩子们在自己的房间看动画片，而爸爸却在客厅里看球赛。
当然，在早期的时候，电视机的价格十分昂贵，到1975年百分之六十以上的美国家庭会拥有两台以上的电视机的想法在当时看来简直太荒谬了。
拥有多台电视机所导致的家庭分裂状况是早期的作家所没有预见的。
也没有人能够想象出孩子们最终花费在看电视上的时间会是多少，家长们会经常将看电视作为安抚孩子的手段，电视对于孩子的抚养方式又有多大的影响，孩子的家庭生活越来越多被看电视所主宰——总而言之，没有人能想象得到这一新的媒介支配家庭生活的强大力量。
后来，随着孩子看电视的时间的增加，家长们对于过多地看电视到底会给孩子带来怎样的影响表现出越来越多的忧虑。
Unit 5*fervent and imperious (l.2): vehement and overbearing*imperious (l.2): proud and arrogant; domineering; overbearing傲慢的；飞扬跋扈的；专横的E.g.: an imperious voice 傲慢的口气be imperious with somebody 对某人态度傲慢*the apple of one’s eye (ll.2-3)(Note 4): one that is dear; one’s favorite personn.瞳孔, 珍爱物, 宝贝，掌上明珠*waver (l.9): be uncertain in making a decision; be unsteady in movement犹豫不决，举棋不定；踌躇；动摇；踉跄，蹒跚E.g.: He wavered between accepting and refusing.他犹豫不决，不知是接受好，还是拒绝好。
He never wavered in his determination to become a doctor.他想当医生的决心从未动摇过。
*premises (l.10): a house or other building with any surrounding land, considered as a particular piece of property; domain; territory（企业、机构等使用的）房屋连地基；生产场所；经营场址；领域E.g.: The firm moved to its new premises in 1971. 该公司于1971年迁至新址。
Keep off the premises. 禁止入内。
on the premises: 在房屋内；在场所内E.g.: Food bought in this shop may not be eaten / consumed on the premises.本店出售食品概不堂吃。
Unit One Hit the Nail on the Head1. drive sth home: force (the nail) into the right place; make sth unmistakably clear.2. scrupulous: painstaking, meticulous3. far afield: very far away4. rife:1) widespread, common 2)full of5. leader: British English for newspaper editorial6. coercion: pressure, compulsion7. epitomize: be typical of; serve as the typical example of8. disprove: prove to be contrary; refute9. expire: die, pass away; come to an end10. indigent: poverty-stricken, pennilessUnit Two Beware the dirty seas1. sluice: (v.) to pour as if from a sluice(水闸)，i.e., a man-made passage for water fitted with a gate for stopping and regulating the flow; (n.) a channel controlling water flow2. nurture: further the development of; care for3. evolve: develop gradually (by a long continuous process)4. endemic: (of a disease) found regularly in a particular place5. litany: repetition. The literal meaning of “litany” is “a prayer consisting of a series of invocations and supplications by the leader with responses by the congregation”.6. flush: pour; flood with water to clean out (See dictionary)7. lurk: exist unseen8. effluent: liquid wastes, such as chemicals or sewage that flows out from a factory or some other places into a river or the sea9. plankton: very small forms of plant and animal life that live in a body off water 浮游生物10. slime: unpleasant sticky substance, such as the thick sticky liquid on the skin of various fishUnit Three My Friend, Albert Einstein1. knack: a clever way of doing things2. be in awe of: have respect as well as fear and reverence for3. staggering: unexpectedly surprising; astounding4. vestiges: traces5. ultimately: finally; after a long series of time6. recalcitrant: hard to deal with; unmanageable7. worry: assail a problem again and again until it is solved, just like a dog biting some small animals repeatedly, shaking it or pulling it with the teeth8. surcease: (archaic) cessation, pause9. plausible: seeming to be reasonable10. a house of cards: an insecure scheme11. ineffable: unutterable; incapable of being expressed in words12. elusively whimsical: indescribably quaint or strange 捉摸不透的，古怪Unit Four The Invisible Poor1. perennial: lasting forever or for a long time2. rutted roads: roads with deep, narrow marks made by the wheels of vehicles3. be exempt from: be freed from a duty. service, payment, etc.4. tenement: a large building, especially one in the poor part of a city, which is divided into small flats which are rented cheaply5. affluent: wealthy, prosperous6. compound v.: /kom'paund/ make worse by adding (something) to . . . (often used in the passive)7. existential: relating to human experience (a formal-word)8. lurid: sensational, shocking9. dispossessed: people who have lost all their possessions10. cynical: doubtful as to whether something will happen or whether it is worthwhile11. involvement: connection12. old rhetoric of reform: writings about reform in the past that sounded fine and important, but were really insincere and meaninglessUnit Five The Plug—in Drug:TV and the American Family,PartⅠ1. afflict: trouble2. asset: valuable object; advantage3. preposterous: unthinkable, absurd4. splintering: splitting, breaking up5. the peer group: a group of people of the same age, class, position. etc. here, group of children of the same age6. television-oriented: interested in and influenced by TV7. equivocal: ambiguous8. sorcerer: person who performs magic by using the power of evil spirits9. stint: fixed amount of work: here, the fixed TV programme10. conjure up: bring into the mind11. sane: (in this context) in possession of good relations/of a close bond12. backlog: a reserveUnit Six Preparing for College1. driving motive: the incentive / encouragement that urges them on;2. the rudiments: the basics, the fundamentals (The word rudiments is always in the plural form when used in this sense.)3. metaphysics: the branch of philosophy that deals with abstract concepts, etc. 形而上学，玄学，纯粹哲学4. conscious culture: the culture (i.e. customs, arts, etc,) that is directly perceptible or known to us5. fanatic: one who is very enthusiastic about a particular activity6. personify: express or represent ( a quality in human form)7. sedentary: inactive; done while sitting down8. underline: indicate the importance of9. balked: baffled; frustrated10. a maddening lot: a wild, uncontrollable group11. righteous sects: morally justifiable groups of people whose religious beliefs are considered different form those of a larger group12. relish: 味,味道,兴趣;开胃小菜;great enjoymentUnit Seven Grouping the Gifted:Pro1. innate: belonging to an individual from birth2. pursuit: an activity that one engages in as a profession, vocation, or avocation3. athlete: person who practises athletics; competitor or skilled performer in physical exercises4. heterogeneously: in such a way that members are very different from one another5. criterion /--ia: standard on which a decision may be based6. snob: one who has an offensive air of superiority (here, in matters of knowledge)7. elite: a socially superior group8. instill: put (ideas, etc. ) gradually but firmly into someone's mind by continuous effort9. spark: encourage; stimulate into greater activity10. latent: present and capable of becoming though not now visible or active11. skyrocket: rise or increase rapidly12. pay dividends: produce an advantage. especially as a result of an earlier action (dividend: that part of the money made by a business which is divided among those who own shares in the business 红利)Unit Eight Why Nothing Works1. savant: a man of learning, especially a person with detailed knowledge in some specialized field2. corollary: an immediate inference from a proved proposition3. forestall: defeat, prevent by prior measures4. commitment: a pledge to follow certain beliefs or a certain course of action; devotion (to duty etc. )5. artifact: a usually small object (as a tool or an ornament) showing human workmanship that has special historical interest6. evoke: bring to mind7. projectile point: the tip of a weapon that is thrust forward; spear or arrowhead8. band: a group of people formed for some common purpose and often with a leader9. barter: trade by exchanging one commodity for another10. alienation: a withdrawing or separation of a person from an object or position of former attachment; a feeling of not belonging to or being part of one's surroundingsUnit Nine Where Is the News Leading Us?1. symposium: a conference in which experts or scholars discuss a certain subject2. scrutinize: examine very closely and carefully3. distortion: misrepresentation; a false or dishonest account4. eruptive: (in this context) sensational, shocking, disturbing5. collide with: crash violently into; run into (one another)6. ingredient: a component part of something7. inhibitor: one who holds back, prevents8. deplete: exhaust, use up, reduce9. cynicism: disbelief in the sincerity of human motives10. antidote: remedy, corrective; something that prevents or counteracts11. envision: picture mentally, imagine, visualize12. caricature: a picture ludicrously滑稽的exaggerating the peculiarities or defects of persons or thingsUnit Ten Things:The Throw—Away Society1. Humanoid: having human form or characteristics2. texture: the degree of roughness or smoothness, coarseness or fineness, of a substance or material, especially as felt by touch; visual and tactile qualities of a surface3. staggering: stunning, wondrous, breathtaking4. deride: laugh at contemptuously; to scoff at or mock5. transience: temporariness, impermanence; the quality or state of being temporary or impermanent6. at a rapid clip: (informal) at a fast pace7. inextricably embedded: so deeply involved that it is impossible to get free8. boutique: a small fashionable clothes shop9. sumptuous: expensive and grand10. train: a part of a long dress that spreads over the ground behind the wearer11. A-line dresses: dresses with a flared bottom and close-fitting top, having an "A" or tent-like shape12. supplant: take the place of; replace。
新编大学英语综合教程Unit 6课文翻译Passage ABefore You ReadWhat do you think of the importance of making friends in daily life?你认为在日常生活中交朋友的重要性是什么？Friends and Friendship朋友和友情There is a famous line- No man is an island from John Donne's Devotion, written more than three hundred years ago. Even now almost everyone doesn't agree him more. No one could lead an ordinary life without friends. Otherwise, our life would be“boring”“dead", and even“out”. Especially in trouble, just like an old saying goes: a friend in need is a friend indeed. We need friends to pour out, communicate, help, support, and encourage. On the contrary, we also need friends to share our joys. But for some of us, it is not easy to make friend.有一句名言——没有人可以成为一座孤岛，这是约翰·唐恩写于三百多年前的关照。
即使现在，几乎每个人都不同意他。
没有朋友，没有人能过上平凡的生活。
否则，我们的生活会“无聊”“死亡”，甚至“出局”。
英语必修5课文翻译第一课：I am an English Teacher原文：I am an English teacher. I teach English in a middle school. My students are from different classes. They are in Grade Seven. I love my students and my work. I often play games with them and sing songs with them. Sometimes, I play basketball with them, too.I have three classes in the morning. They are interesting and exciting. I enjoy my classes. I usually have lunch at 12:00. After lunch, I have a short rest, and then I read books in my office. I like reading books. I think books are my best friends.In the afternoon, I have two classes. After class, I help my students with their English. I enjoy helping them. I usually leave the school at 5:00 p.m.译文：我是一名英语老师。
我在一所中学教英语。
我的学生来自不同的班级，都在七年级。
我喜欢我的学生和我的工作。
我经常和他们一起玩游戏、唱歌。
有时候，我也和他们一起打篮球。
早上我有三节课。
它们非常有趣和令人兴奋。
我喜欢我的课程。
我通常在12点吃午饭。
II.Translation P25我的祖母不识字，可是她有一箩筐的神话和传奇故事。
小时候我总是缠着她，要她给我讲故事。
而她在忙完家务之后，总会把我抱到膝上，一边讲故事一边有节奏地晃动我。
我父母发现了我对故事的浓厚兴趣后，不失时机地引导我进行阅读。
他们给我买了许多带插图的故事书，有空的时候就一遍遍地读给我听。
慢慢我认识了很多字，能够自行阅读了。
Although my grandmother was illiterate,she had a good stock of myths and legends.When I was young I gave her no peace,constantly asking her to tell me stories.After she had finished her housework,she would lift me onto her lap and tell stories,all the while rocking me in rhythm.Having noticed my interest in stories,my parents lost no time in initiating me into reading. They bought many storybooks with illustrations,and whenever free,they would read these stories to me over and over again.By and by I had a vocabulary large enough to read on my own.UNIT2II.Translation P58一项又一项的研究发现，食物和一些慢性疾病之间有密切关系。
例如，某些慢性疾病危险的降低与多吃植物为基本成分的食物有关。
因此，在过去的十年中，美国饮食协会敦促美国人减少动物脂肪的摄取，增加水果、蔬菜和谷物的消费。
Unit61, 如果对这器械有什么不清楚的地方，你可以写信到我们总公司去询问。
If there is anything you are not clear about the device, address your inquiry to your head office. 2, 在执行计划之前，我们最好把它的每一个方面仔细考虑，看看是否切实可行。
Before we put the new plan into practice, we had bitter scrutinize every aspect of it to make sure t hat it is practicable.3, 在新的规章执行后，我们预期这地区的情况会有好转。
We expect that there will be a change for the better in this area after the new regulations are imple mented.4, 不要把他的话当真，他仅仅是开个玩笑而已。
Don’t take his words literally. He is just cracking a joke.5, 在农业中应用固氮作用良好。
The prospect of employing (nitrogen fixation) in agriculture is promising.6, 他想发明一种不留痕迹的改正液的企图以失败告终。
His attempt at contriving a correcting fluid which leaves no marks on paper ended in failure.7, 那个外国人不会说汉语。
他用手势表达他的要求。
但是他无法把他的意思表达来。
The non-Chinese-speaking foreigner gestured to make a requested, but he just couldn’tget his idea across.8, 他不考虑这件事的迫切性而断然拒绝了，不留一丝余地。
Without considering the urgency of the matter, he gave us a flat refusal, once and for all.Unit71.他怪异行为有悖于一般的良好行为规范。
His strange behavior runs counter to the popular concept of good conduct.2. 可以肯定的是世界上鲜有人能同时在数学和科学领域的成就比牛顿更突出。
It is certain that few people in the world could have made such a great impact on the development of science and mathematics than Isaac Newton.3.你不该嘲笑孩子的失败，应鼓励他们再去尝试。
You are not suppose to deride the children for their failures; instead you should encourage them to try again,instead.4.在Judy毕业典礼的那天，她的叔叔婶婶以丰盛的晚餐来款待她。
On her graduation day, Judy was treated to a sumptuous dinner by her uncle and aunt.5.对于他在公司的过往表现，没有人有什么不满。
With respect to his past record in the firm , no one has anything to complain about.6.他们的自由和我们的自由息息相关，我们不能单独行动。
Their freedom is inextricably bound to ours. We cannot act alone.7.我年迈的叔祖母不习惯使用市场上盛行的一次性物品。
My aged great aunt is not used to disposable products which flood the market today.8.他在考试中作弊被抓住后，名字马上从应考者名单上删去。
His name was immediately eliminatedfrom the list of candidates after he was caught cheating in the exam.Unit81.他企图影射John是肇事者，结果是徒劳的。
His attempt at insinuating that John was the culprit turned out to be futile.2.当他未能完成期望他做的事时，他很善于临时找个借口来为自己开脱。
He is very clever at improvising excuses when he fails to de what is expected of him.3.他此行去西藏可以满足他想参观布达拉宫的愿望了。
His trip to Tibet will gratify his desire to see the Potala.4.这个公司人力资源雄厚，足以应对其他大公司的挑战。
This corporation commandsdistinguished human resources,rich enough to meet challenges from other big corporations.5.我认为这恐怕不是我们双方都能接受的变通办法。
我们难道想不出来一个更好的方案来处理这个问题？I don’t think that could be an acceptable alternative for both of us.Can’t we come up with a better one for this problem?6.总爱胡思乱想和动不动就心血来潮都是有害的。
It is harmful to indulge in whims and caprices.7.对不属于你的东西不要作非分之想。
Try not to lay your hands on anything that you are not entitled to.8.他没有来参加竞赛。
可能把这件事全部忘记了。
He did not come to the competition. It may well be that he had forgotten all about it.Unit91.比赛的结果不仅取决于球员的个人技术，还取决于全队所有球员能否把握好时机。
The outcome of the game depends not just on the skills of individual players but also on the timing of all the player of the team.2.接下来我想问的是，我们如何维持一个恒定的自我呢？What I want to ask next is how we could sustain a constant self-identity?3.从迷梦中醒悟过来之后他为自己所做的蠢事感到可耻.He felt ashamed of himself for the foolish thing he had done when his infatuation was over.4.皮肤科的医生告诫人们要小心阳光的直射，因为会有患皮肤癌的危险。
Skin doctor warm people to be careful with direct sun exposure because of the risk of skon cancer.5.她的头部伤得很厉害，但是她最终还是爬出了窗口。
Her head was seriously injured,but she eventually managed to climb out of the window.6.我们该怎么做才能使我们的展览摊位比别人的更突出呢？How can we make our exhibit booth stand out from the others?7.他设法冒充一名绅士，但每个人都知道他只是一个暴发户。
He tried to pass for a gentleman;but everyone knew he was just an upstart.8.他强调说，政界人士和媒体评论员都应该在言辞上有所冷静。
He stresses that both politicians and commentators in the media need to cool their rhetoric.Unit101.习俗不同于传统在于前者是一个社会中一般被接受的行为规范，而后者则是指从过去传到现在的思维和行为的习惯方式。
Conventions are different from tradition in that the former are the generally accepted standards of behavior in a society, whereas the latter refers to the customary way of thinking or behaving that has been passed down from the past to the present.2.孔孟之道在很长一段时期内统治着中国社会。
For a long time the teaching of Confucius and Mencius held way over Chinese society.3.他的潦草书写只有他自己看得懂。
His scribbling is unintelligible to any one but himself.4.我们必须在有可能发生最坏事态的前提下采取行动。
We must act on the premise that the worst can happen.5.早在儿童学会说话和理解口头语言之前，他们就掌握了通过比较视觉外观的差异来辨识物体的能力。
Long before children are capable of using and understanding verbal language,they possess the ability to differentiate between objects with visual difference.6.植物园的一个显著特色就是它的面积宽广。
