最新了不起的盖茨比》中的修辞现象学士学位7603366

了不起的盖茨比》中的修辞现象学士学位7603366编号研究类型理论研究分类号学士学位论文（设计）Bachelor’s Thesis论文题目Rhetorical Devices in The Great Gatsby作者姓名学号所在院系学科专业名称导师及职称论文答辩时间学士学位论文（设计）诚信承诺书Contents1. Introduction (5)2. Cultural Backgrounds (5)2.1 The Life Experience of Fitzgerald and the Great Gatsby (5)2.2 the Introduction of the Great Gatsby (6)2.3 American Dream and its Disillusionment (6)2. Rhetorical Devices in The Great Gatsby (7)2.1 Simile (7)2.2 Metaphor (8)2.3 Contrast (12)2.4 Irony (16)2.5 Hyperbole (18)2.6 Euphemism (19)2.7 Understatement (20)2.8 Pun (20)3. The rhetorical function in The Great Gatsby (22)3.1 Aesthetic effects (22)3.2 Emotional effects (24)3.3 Behavioral effects (24)Bibliography (25)1. 目录序号按正文修改2. 内容补充3. 翻译部分语法校对修改4. 格式按文理要求修改Rhetorical Devices in The Great GatsbyCHEN Ying (Tutor: LI Guifang)(Department of Foreign Languages, College of Arts and Science, Hubei Normal University,Huangshi, China, 435002)Abstract: It will make us more pleasant and easier to accept if we use some rhetoric to express the same sentences, so it is often said that rhetoric is the persuasive speechart. This paper attempts to explore the rhetorical devices in The Great Gatsby andits rhetorical effects on expressing the theme of this novel by considering rhetoricin the novel to be the focus of attention, and the American Dream to be the clue tobe the basis. What’s more, it tried to know more about the rhetoric and revealrhetorical effect, aiming at flexibility in the use of the rhetoric.Key words: rhetoric, Devices，effect, use《了不起的盖茨比》中的修辞现象摘要：同样的言语人们用些修辞手法修辞一下往往使人身心愉悦，使得说话者要表达的意思更容易被接受，因此修辞学经常被说成具有劝说性演讲艺术。

本文将以《了不起的盖茨比》中的修辞手法为切入口，以文中的“美国梦”作为依据，探讨文中的修辞现象及修辞手法对文中主题的表达效果，进一步认识修辞手法及它们的作用，以达到能灵活运用这些修辞手法的效果。

关键词：修辞手法；现象；作用；运用中图分类号:H315Rhetorical Devices in The Great Gatsby1. IntroductionWhat is the theme of The Great Gatsby? The majority of scholars have discussed it, but little of them discussed it through discuss the rhetorical devices in the novel. We will discuss The Great Gatsby through rhetorical devices in it. We know that what rhetorical perused is good verbal expressive effect. People use speaking, writing and communication to express their feeling and ideas. They do this to complete certain speech acts. It is not purely to be pleased to see or the simply the pursuit of beauty enjoy. The general good rhetorical effect refers to accurate, concise, clear, vivid and moving speaking and it makes people easy to accept. （胡习之，2010，2） All we talked above are positive effect of rhetoric. This paper will talk about the positive effect of rhetoric，mainly on how Fitzgerald uses the rhetoric to depict the characters of people and analyze their life experience and their essence. It will also explain the tragedy of Gatsby, the tragedy of the whole United States during 1920th and what causes the tragedy.2. Cultural Backgrounds2.1 The Life Experience of Fitzgerald and the Great GatsbyF. Scott Fitzgerald is one of the popular novelists among the 1920’s to 1930’s in the United States of America. He is the typical novelist and detached observer, the leading participant who is struggle all his life for money at that period. He becomes rich through success in literary creation, but his completion is not popular in the depression period, he died before American participation in the World WarⅡ. His works are the paradigm writings of the Jazz Age. (Malcolm Cowley and Robert Cowley,1990:12). He is widely regarded as one of the greatest writers of the 20th century. He is also a number of the “Lost G eneration” of the1920th. His most famous novel is The Great Gatsby. He had ever express his love to two girl, one abandon him and married rich man, another married him because he become a rich manthrough his writing, he liv ed with his wife in a very luxury life, the money he earned is not enough for their money spend on party and traveling. He liv es happily with his wife but his wife got lunacy in latter years, he becomes a man who is boozy as his not success in writing Tender is the Night at that period and his wife got lunacy, and he died in 1940 for his heart failure. We know that he is the prototype of Gatsby from his similar life to Gatsby.His writing style is closely related to its theme. His writing style is from the carefully observed in life, carefully selected and the accumulation of satirical details. He reproduced the language and people’s way of thinking of that era accurately. In the section of the novel, he converts from one lively scene of description to the next, let the reader to develop their understanding and imagination of the tedious process. (跃世，1985：7)2.2 the Introduction of the Great GatsbyThe Great Gatsby is the most famous novel of F. Scott Fitzgerald，it has ever been played as film in 1929, 1949, 1974, and 2000. It will be played in 2013. The story took place in 1922. During 1920th, the United States becomes a prosper country after World WarⅠ. This book is written in this period and it received a lot of critical acclaim, it also widely regarded as a “Great American Novel”, it expresses the essence of the era. Unlike his previous works, he changed his expressing his luxury life in the novel before and expresses the essence of that era in this novel. There are many rhetorical devices used to portray the essence of that era and the disillusion of American Dream in the novel.2.3 American Dream and its DisillusionmentThe American Dream is that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. It is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each man and each woman shall be able to attain to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable, and be recognized by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position." （James Truslow Adams，1931：214-215）. We know from it that all men are created equal. The American Dream means that everyone could grow up, receive a good education and career without artificial barriers. And we shouldn’t regardthe class, caste, religion, race and ethnicity. In the novel, Gatsby’s American Dream is the seek for money and love of Daisy, As Daisy left him because he is poor, she married a rich and powerful man Tom. He thinks that money can help him to get what he wants so he bought a villa in the west egg and spent large money for the party to attract Daisy’s attention. In Tom’s mind, Daisy is his goodness, she is rich and pure. In order to get Daisy, he quits his belief and becomes a bootlegger. Gatsby is a good man that Nick has ever met, he loves Daisy so much and he can do all for her, even the life. But Daisy married with Tom because Gatsby’s poring even though she had hesitated. Daisy thinks money and position are the most important in her life, she betrayed Gatsby two times. But Gatsby did n’t realize this. He lost his life under the plot between Daisy and Tom. This is the disillusionment of his American Dream.2. Rhetorical Devices in The Great Gatsby2.1 SimileSimile refers to a figure of speech that directly compares two things though some connectives, usually “like,”“as,”“than,” or a verb such as “resembles.” A simile differs from a metaphor in that the latter compares two unlike things by saying that one thing is the other thing.（X. J.Kennedy and Dana Gioia，2007：594）There are some similes used in the novel as follows：1) “I n his blue garden men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the star.”（F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：43）, the people in attendance are like moths, the attend Gatsby’s party because they are attracted by the bright lights and commotion, they are attracted because they yearn the richness and the commitment on Gatsby’s party. This reflects people pursue money like moths fly to the fire. They don’t respect the Gatsby and talk something bad to him, they attend the party only for money and free enjoyment.2) In the sentence that” and of Daisy, gleaming like silver, safe and proud above the hot struggles of the poor.”（F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：159-160）Daisy is described as “gleaming like silver, safe and proud above the hot struggles of the poor”. Silver, a most pure element, gives her an image of beauty and regality, emphasizing her status as an East Egger above the lower people. Daisy is rich and she enjoys this rich, she regards this import as well, she chooses to marry to Tom is also oriented from her thought that money beyond everything. Gatsby doesn’t realize this enough lead to his tragic death.3) We know from the sentence “They only completely stationary object in the room was an enormous couch on which two young women were buoyed up as though upon an anchored balloon. They were both in white and their dresses were rippling and fluttering as if they had just been blown back in after a short flight around the house”(F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：10). This image gives the two women a very flighty and airy feel, as if they had no substance, yet also a feel of a great energy. We can see it from Daisy’s circling around Tom and Gatsby and she looks power and money over everything. Jordan’s showing herself to be strength also reflects it. Their later action and character also show this image.2.2 MetaphorIn Webster’s New World Dictionary, we knew that a metaphor is a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another. (李鑫华，2000：18) It tells us not literal meaning but implied meaning. Let’s discuss the metaphor used in The Great Gatsby.1.It uses things as metaphor1) Gatsby’s house: The most characteristic metaphor in The Great Gatsby is Gatsby’s house, what happened in Gatsby’s house is the best metaphor of the whole era of 1920th, as everything happens in the Gatsby mansion is also happened in America at that time. Wealth gained heavily among the period from the World WarⅠ to depression period, it was called “the Jazz Age”. But in domestic, social contradiction becomes sharp. Wrier use “the Gatsby residence” as a metaphor for contemporary American Society, it reveals the serious moral crisis people faced.2) Gatsby’s green light: The green light appears repeatedly in the novel, the green light represents Gatsby’s ultimate aspiration: to win Daisy’s love. In the sentence “Possibly it had occurred to him that the colossal significance of that light had now vanished forever.... Now it was again a green light on a dock. His count of enchanted objects had diminished by one” (F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：159-160). Gatsby realize his he must face that Daisy married to Tomand has a daughter, there are something he doesn’t about her among the five years, he can’t pass the time gap among them. Daisy is as ideal as the protagonist he creates in his mind.3) Car: We often use the car as a means of transportation, but many people use it as a symbol of social status and personal glory, it reveals this in Great Gatsby. The upstarts-Gatsby flaunts his wealth to recover his dream of Daisy. Wilson doesn’t own his own car, he repairs the car to make a living, and he is making a dream of a car. Mrs. Wilson looks a car as a direct way to enhance her identity and change her fate. When she goes a date with his lover, she let four taxis go away and choose the new light purple car. We all knew that new car is more scenery style and purple is a rich color; Mrs. Wilson’s vanity and potential heart bore there completely.（陈法春，1997：1-2）. In a result, she runs away from her husband and this strata the Wilson’s dream of car. Car provides comfort but also risk. In the novel, the car is not only used as damaged weapon but also the tool used to test the level of morality, it even is a sense of responsibility. As a weapon, it crushed the right hand of the drunken man. It also killed the Mrs. Wilson’s life. As a tool of testing the morality, it shows the irresponsible of Daisy and Tom, it also shows Gatsby’s compromise of ideal love to take the responsibility.（陈法春，1997：2-3）4)Eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg: These gigantic blue eyes look out at the valley of ashes behind a pair of yellow eyeglasses, George Wilson refers it to God, it is seeing everything happens before it, he saw the death of Myrtle and know Daisy run away after rushing to Myrtle, he witness the morality’s corruption of people. As in the novel “God knows whatyou've been doing, everything you've been doing”. (F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：170)2.It uses the name of people in novels as metaphor1) The name of Daisy refers to the essence of her personalityThe names used in the novel are not arbitrary, the name used in the novel implied something except the surface meaning. （王万兵，2003：2）. Daisy is a name of a flower; the white color is around the flower, while the yellow is in the middle of the flower.（卢珺杨祎郭徽，2008：4）. The yellow and white color of the flower suggests the money along with the emptiness. Daisy is the typical role who seeks for money, she loved Gatsby, but she marriedTom and abandon Gatsby for money, after she meets Gatsby many years later, she circles round Tomand Gatsby because Gatsby was a rich man at that time. She can betray love and his husband for money, she was born for money, and drunk for money. It is her empty of spirit, her degenerated morality and her dark heart that lead her cooperation with her husband plot to kill Gatsby.2) The name of Mumble refers to the essence of their personalityMumble means inarticulate speaking; this is the pungent irony of the people who went to Gatsby without paying. They talked about something not be good for him, they enjoy everything Gatsby supplied at the same time. We can know their immortal from all this, thus the name of Mumble refers to the essence of their personality.2.3ContrastFitzgerald changed the past straight forward Syria and preaching, he separated the story in the novel as some pictures, we can see the picture of the story and compare them, he doesn’t declare and be silent about his argument. But we can know the theme of the novel through our contrast of the picture. This picture seems different, incompatible, even conflict with each other, their natural and vivid explanation from every different point of view will present in front of us. We can know the Fitzgerald’s originality creation and remarkable writing skills. Coincidentally, this novel reveals the infinite artistic charm and deep ideological implication. There are many contrast in the novel, let’s analyze it.1. The contrast of the party and the funeralFitzgerald contrasts the big, noise and resplendent party when Gatsby is still alive with the variegated coloration, desolate and sad funeral.“I n his blue garden men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the Champagne and the star.”（F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：43） they lost themselves in the Champagne and Jazz music of car. Unbelievably, the guests invited to the party only a few. The majority of people are unexpected. Sometimes, they haven’t seen Gatsby since their coming and leaving. All these people look Gatsby’s home as amusement ground of full filled with song and free enjoyment. On the contrary, those who like flying moth in the banquet never appear at his funeral. On the crucial moment, Gatsby’s lover-her real culprit Daisyshows her ingratitude for favors to leave him.（郑庆庆，2003：2）. This reveals the essenceof the people at Gatsby’s party. The using of the contrast makes it clearer to know the essence of people at Gatsby’s part.2. The contrast of the eastern and the western Fitzgerald looks the east egg as represent of the upper class, and looks the west egg as birthplace of fallen avatar. It is more likely to lead to our self- examination that Fitzgerald compares these two places. The couple of Buchanan gathered in the hustle and bustle of the east egg, while the upstart –Gatsby, who makes huge fortune overnight, lived in the west egg. Gatsby makes money all for his own effort. He insists his dream and loyal to love, he represents the people who live in the West. The western symbolizes the young, hope, enterprising, vigorous. On the contrary, the couple of Buchanan depends on their background of their family, and their inheriting of huge fortune. They lead a gay life, and have nothing to do. They have no goal in life. （郑庆庆，2003：2）. They live in depraved life and their moral corrupted.3. The contrast of Daisy and MyrtleThe novelist compares Daisy and Myrtle. The comparison of two female tells us corruption of morality and perishing of their worth’s standard.Daisy is Tom’s wife while Myrtle is his lover, they are different in identity, status, family background or appearance, the former noble birth, from the upper classes, and she is the legal wife of upper-class, she is melancholy and beautiful, with bright look, bright eyes, and bright warm mouth. She is a lady of high station. The latter is the wife of a poor car mechanic. She is the mistress who can’t be shown at all. She is vulgar, artificial. She is not beautiful at all, but she is full of vigor.（郑庆庆，2003：4）. Even they have so many differentials. The essence of them can’t be overlooked，they are all infected with secular breath, their insides are empty and vanity, they pursuit stimulation, what they seek is only enjoyment. Daisy circle round Tom and Gatsby for money and Myrtle become Tom’s mistress for money too.In the apartment where Tom and Myrtle tryst ,Myrtle get Tom’s a slap in her face because she shout the name of Daisy loudly, we can know from this : she is only a mistress and has no position in Tom’s mind that she has no right to call Daisy’s name. Come and have a look at Daisy, although she is the wife of Tom, but also can’t be valued and respected by her husband.As for Tom, she is only a vase which can be put away unheeded and be indifference to. Daisy and Myrtle are all willing to depend on and attachment to rich and powerful Tom because oftheir own vanity, selfish, corrupt nature. They betray their dignity and become the supplies and bird in a cage. Their vice and corruption are the vivid portrayal of the declining of moral and decaying of their worth’s standard.（郑庆庆，2003：4）4. The contrast of the ideal and realityWe will experience more about the tragic effect of Gatsby by comparing the ideal and tragedy of Gatsby. （郑庆庆，2003：4）. It will set people in deep thinking and arouse their awareness to change the spiritual emptiness and moral corruption, while Nick’s awakening symbolize people will wake up eventually, and they will work together to create a better world.Gatsby- the protagonist of the novel is full of hope for the future, who is persist themselves and love，he achieves all his costs in order to achieve his dream. He is the man who persists firmly in his pursuit of American Dream. His pursuit of material life is along with the idealism color. On the other hand, the harsh reality is a toll of his beautiful dream, and he became the martyr and victim of American Dream. Gatsby is from the lower society, he is a poor no background boy and who toils hard with the hope to enter the upper class. When it was American military service, he met a beautiful young and wealthy lady whose name is Daisy, and trapped in infatuation with her. In a result, Daisy married to rich and powerful Tom after he went away as he is just a pauper, this made Gatsby feel sad and set his mind to make money. In a short span of five years, he became an upstart who with a huge fortune. In order to regain the old days with Daisy, he bought a big villa to attract the various celebrities and elite’s arrival. He did all this to get the attention of Daisy.（郑庆庆，2003：5）. Living with the Daisy is the dream he pursuit all his life .but Daisy kills Myrtle and plot with Tom to kill him too. His dream corrupted. Fortunately, the tragedy of Gatsby woke up Nick; he recognized the essence and nature of the rich and comes back to his home, it represents the people of United States will also wake.2.4IronyIn Webster’s New World Dictionary, we know that irony refers to a method of humorous or subtly sarcastic expression in which the intended meaning of the words used is the directopposite of their usual sense.（李鑫华，2000：178）. The use of irony in the novel tells us thedeeper meaning of it. Many people take attention to the name of the people who attend Gatsby’s bequest. Let’s talk about it.Fitzgerald use many irony in the name of guests that joined Gatsby’s bouquet, le t’s analyze it. Nick describes the sense people on Gatsby’s party, these are their name.The Leeches: Leech means bloodsucker, they suck people’s blood and make people weakness, The Leeches attend Gatsby’s party but they insult and denigrate Gatsby’s character, but they also enjoy Gatsby’s entertainment on the party, they have some similarity with bloodsucker. The caricature in this behaved completely. There are some names like this as follows: Hornbeam, Palmetto, Chromes, Bull, Roebuck, Hammerhead, Whitebait. And it recorded in an old train timetable, which printed above: “This schedule in effect July 5th, 1922,”（F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：159-160）July 5th is next day of the United States’independent day, it is also the birthday of American democratic，the irony here is strongestin the whole novel, it is cruel mockery to American democratic.（陈希，2009，1）2.5 HyperboleIt refers to the use of exaggeration as a rhetorical device or figure of speech. It may be used to evoke strong feelings or create a strong impression, but it not meant to be taken literally. It is like the opposite of “understatement”."If personality is an unbroken series of successful gestures, then there was something gorgeous about him, some heightened sensitivity to the promises of life, as if he were related to one of those intricate machines that register earthquakes ten thousand miles away." (F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：4) Fitzgerald use hyperbole to describe a heightened sensitivity to the promises of life as intricate machines. We can now from this that Gatsby’s strong hoping to regain Daisy’s love and to live with her again, his hoping likes intricate machines that register earthquakes ten thousand miles away. This makes our feeling stronger how Gatsby love Daisy and how miserable Gatsby after he died.“Your place looks like the world’s fair,” (F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：87) we can know from it how prosperous the house Gatsby bought, Gatsby bought this house in order to attractDaisy, but he doesn’t know clearly what kind woman Daisy is, and he even think Daisy is pure and she is the goddess in his mind, he think that Daisy leaves him for he was poor, hethink he can regain her love through money, he doesn’t think Daisy can live with him for money, she will also leave him for money, this is what lead to his tragic.“Nobody’s coming to tea. It’s too late!” (F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：91) this is clearly a hyperbole because it is only two minutes until Daisy was expected to come over. This hyperbole creates a feeling of suspense and anxiety because the reader can know Gatsby’s eagerness for his waiting of the arriving of Daisy to achieve his dream. We can know this feeling from the hyperbole.2.6 EuphemismA euphemism refers to a way of saying something in better, less offensive or blunt terms. It always suggests something under the literal meaning.Editor Nick uses euphemism quite a bit in the story because he’s had a genteel upbringing. He tells us he his having “advantages” growing up. This is a statement of euphemism for his growing up in a rich family. And Nick says he lives on the “less fashionable” of the two landforms known as East Egg and West Egg. He is euphemistic because he says he lives on the side of the bay that is where the people where people own less money than those live in East Egg. He doesn’t say he lives in the place where people who are poor live on. Fitzgerald uses euphemism because it gives more a feeling of sophistication and privileged background that Nick has.“Good night,” called Miss Baker from the stairs, “I haven’t heard a word.” (F.Scott Fitzgerald, 1925:22). Miss Baker says she doesn’t hear a word, is it true? In fact, she has heard all they say and she is very interested in it and wants to know more, this is what under the words, and this lead to her dating with Nick. Knowing the meaning under the words is very important, many people often say something under their word for many reason, it is very necessary forus to understand it in order to have a good communication with the speaker.“He informed me that he was in the “artistic game”, and I gathered later that he was a photographer and had made the dim enlargement of Mrs. Wilson’s mother which hovered like an ectoplasm on the wall.( F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：33-34). Mr. McKee says he is an artist instead of a photographer, we know from this he does this for showing off himself. He wantsto behave as he is an exalted and elegant man. Fitzgerald uses euphemism to let’s know hisirony to Mr. McKee.2.7 UnderstatementIt refers to a statement that is restrained in ironic contrast to what might have been said.It is often seen understatement in English articles. There is something different between euphemism and understatement, from the explanation we can know it. There are some examples of the use of understatement.“Twenty miles from the city a pair of enormous eggs, identical in contour and separated only by a courtesy bay,…”.( F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：7). Fitzgerald doesn’t use little or small to depict the bay, he uses courtesy, and it form contrast between enormous and courtesy, let’s know the little of the bay stronger, the use of understatement to depict the bay let us know that even though the bay is little, but the life between them are distinctively difference and the status of the people in society is also difference.“I can’t complain,” answered Wilson unconvincingly”. (F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：7). We can know Wilson is perfunctory to answer Tom, he doesn’t live happily, he can’t live a happy life because his poor in material. This is also an understatement, we can know from his talking he doesn’t live well, this is what lead to his wife betray him and frequently date with Tom, although Tom looks her as toy.2.8 PunThe pun refers to the humorous use of a word, or of words which are formed or sounded alike but have different meanings, in such a way as to play on two or more of the possible application; a play on words.（李鑫华，2000：189）In the sentence: “ it happens one autumn night, five years ag o﹍then he kissed her. At his lips’ touch she blossomed for him like a flower and the incarnation was complete” (F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：118). This statement use pun tells us Gatsby’s flesh touching with Daisy and his feeling of own Daisy whole. It tells us Gatsby wants to own Daisy not only in body but also in spirits. As he touches her, he feels tha t his own her, it likes a beautiful dream.“That dog? That dog’s a boy.”“It’s a bitch,’’ said Tom decisively. “Here’s your money. Go and buy ten more dogs with it.”? (F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：31). We can know from the novel the dog is a boy, and whyTom says it is a bitch. In literal, he says the dog is a bitch, but we know he says Myrtle is a bitch in fact. We can know it from the sentence “Go and buy ten more dogs with it”, Tom doesn’t happy about Myrtle’s buying dog, so he says she is a bitch, we can know from this it is definite that Myrtle’s tragic ending.In the sentence: “Her voice sang: “It’s romantic, isn’t it, Tom?”（ F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：19). As Nick and Baker at here, she can’t quarrel with Tom before guest, she uses a pun to ask whether Myrtle’s voice is beautiful to tell Tom she is angry about it. She hates Tom’s this behavior. Many people use pun to express their meaning when they can’t tell other directly. We can also use this when necessary.“As Tom took up the receiver the compressed heat exploded into sound and we were listening to the portentous chords of Mendelssohn’s Wedding March from the ballroom below.” (F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：135-136). Here portentous is pun, whether the Wedding March predicts that Daisy will leave Tom and live with Gatsby or Daisy will refuse Gatsby and live with Tom. This part is the peak of their contradiction. Daisy loves money surpasses everything, thus she circle between Gatsby. Here Wedding March is full of irony.“Jay Gatsby” had broken up like glass against Tom’s malice, and the long secret extravaganza was played out. (F. Scott Fitzgerald，1925：158). There the long secret extravaganza was played out is also Gatsby’s love with Daisy end, and his love end because Tom and Daisy’s plot, and the use of pun here is also full of irony, Daisy and Tom are plot to make a false charge against Gatsby, but Gatsby still stay outside Daisy’s house to protect his goodness. Gatsby’s tragic ending is obvious.3. The rhetorical function in The Great Gatsby3.1 Aesthetic effectsAs early as in the Ancient Greece in 4th century BC, the rhetoric appears as the art of persuasive speech（牟晓鸣，2006：1）, and rhetoric refers to reach a certain rhetorical。