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第二讲名词知识接力【小学目标】1.能认识所学名词；2.知道名词有可数名词、不可数名词，以及可数名词有单数、复数形式；3.掌握可数名词复数的变化规则；4.能在名词与对应事物之间建立联想。
【初中目标】1.掌握名词的种类：普通名词和专有名词；2.能够识别并正确使用可数名词和不可数名词；3.学会不可数名词数量的表达方式。
精彩回顾在一些句型中找找规律，回忆一下我们在小学阶段都学习了哪些有关名词的知识呢？找规律1 Tom Mao ZedongBig Ben the Great WallMay Mother's DayChina BeijingAsia the Yangtze River2 book taxi dogFamily class peopleSnow air woodHappiness interest love3 book---books car---carsbus---buses watch---watchesbaby---babiespotato---potatoes tomato---tomatoesknife---knives half----halves4 rice milk coffee bread tea探求新知一、定义：名词（Noun）是表示人或事物的名称的词。
二、分类：1. 专有名词：个人、事物、机关等所专有的名称，如，Gina，the Great Wall，America。
它们是不能随意变动的。
普通名词：a) 个体名词：pen, worker, boy, table, nurseb) 集体名词：class, army, police, team, peoplec) 物质名词：water, glass, wood, sand, treed) 抽象名词：happiness, love, life, work2. 可数名词：指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式，如，an apple,two apples, a bag, some bags。
*实用文库汇编之不可数名词归纳* 四川省武胜县乐善中学符小林A. Abstract 抽象名词advice 建议age 年老beauty 美丽capitalism 资本主义communism 共产主义democracy 民主energy 能源fun 乐趣happiness 幸福help 帮助honesty 诚实information 信息justice 正义kindness 善良knowledge 知识laughter 笑声liberty 自由life 生命、生物、活力play 玩recreation 娱乐strength 实力trouble 麻烦truth 真理virtue 美德wisdom 智慧work 工作youth 青年B. Matter, material 物质名词air 空气beer 啤酒blood 血液bread 面包butter 黄油cake 蛋糕chalk 粉笔cheese 奶酪coal 煤coffee 咖啡electricity 电力fog 雾fish 鱼gold 黄金grass 草hair 头发juice 果汁lumber 木材meat 肉milk 牛奶oil 油oxygen 氧气paper 纸rain 雨rice 水稻smoke 烟雾snow 雪soap 肥皂soup 汤sugar 糖tea 茶water 水ice 冰ink 油墨iron 铁wine 葡萄酒wood 木C. Generic terms 属类business 商业change 零钱equipment 设备fruit 水果furniture 家具jewelry 珠宝luggage 行李machinery 机械mail 邮件money 金钱news 新闻propaganda 宣传scenery 风景slang 俚语stationery 文具traffic 交通vegetation 植被weather 天气D. Subject 学科biology 生物architecture 建筑art 艺术chemistry 化学economics 经济学engineering 工程English 英语geology 地质学grammar 语法history 历史literature 文学mathematics 数学music 音乐philosophy 哲学physics 物理学science 科学technology 技术vocabulary 词汇poetry 诗歌最常见的不可数名词有：(请把意思写出来)advice, baggage, change, furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage,money, news, progress, traffic absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment,experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck,marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, poetry，power，pride, rain, research,respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade,transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, work(二)不可数名词的转化有些名词的可数与不可数可以相互转化，但词义也同时发生变化，如：11.表示不同的种类，如food, wine, metal, wheat, rice等。
第2讲不可数名词名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念的词。
它有可数名词和不可数名词之分。
可数名词有单复数之分。
如:a bag, two bags。
而不可数名词,顾名思义,通常没有复数形式,不能在词尾加s或es变复数。
我们学过的不可数名词有哪些呢?一起来搜索一下吧!有:ice, rain, snow, wind, bread, meat, juice, sugar, food, rice, water, coffee, tea, milk, jam, chocolate, fruit, paper, hair 等,这些物质名词都是不可数名词。
还有像work (工作), help (帮助), love (爱), hope (希望), weather (天气) 等抽象名词也是不可数名词。
在使用不可数名词时,要注意以下几点:1.不可数名词前面不能直接加a / an。
如:I like to skate on an ice.( × )I like to skate on the ice. ( √ )我喜欢在冰上溜滑。
不可数名词如果要表示一定的数量,可以借助单位词。
如:a cube of ice 一方块冰three cups of tea三杯茶a bowl of rice 一碗米饭a bar of chocolate 一大块巧克力2.不可数名词的词尾不能加s或es变复数。
3.some, any, no, a little, much, a lot of等词往往可以加在不可数名词的前面,修饰不可数名词。
如:1)I don’t want any help. 我不需要任何帮助。
2)There’s some milk in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些牛奶。
把下面的句子都翻译对了吗?如果有错,请为其改正。
1. 请给我一些果汁。
( ) Give me some juices, please.2. 我喜欢坐在阳光下。
六年级英语知识点科普英语是一门国际通用语言，也是我国的一门重要学科。
在六年级英语学习中，有一些重要的知识点需要我们掌握，下面就来科普一下吧。
一、名词名词是英语中常用的词性，表示人、物、地点、植物等。
名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词两种。
可数名词可以单数和复数形式存在，而不可数名词一般只有单数形式。
例子：可数名词：book（书），books（书籍）不可数名词：water（水），milk（牛奶）二、动词动词是表示动作或状态的词性。
动词的形式包括一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时等。
我们需要根据句子的时态和语境来正确使用动词。
例子：一般现在时：I eat an apple every day.一般过去时：She watched a movie last night.现在进行时：They are playing football in the park.三、形容词形容词用来描述名词的特征或性质。
形容词可以放在名词前面，也可以放在系动词后面。
例子：放在名词前面：a red apple（一个红苹果）放在系动词后面：The apple is red.（这个苹果是红色的。
）四、副词副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，用来表示方式、程度等。
副词一般放在动词或形容词之前。
例子：修饰动词：She sings beautifully.（她唱得很好听。
）修饰形容词：He is extremely tall.（他非常高。
）修饰副词：She runs very fast.（她跑得非常快。
）五、代词代词用来替代名词，分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词等。
代词可以帮助我们避免重复使用名词，使句子更简洁明了。
例子：人称代词：I（我），you（你），he（他），she（她），we （我们），they（他们）物主代词：my（我的），your（你的），his（他的），her （她的），their（他们的）指示代词：this（这个），that（那个），these（这些），those （那些）六、时态时态是表示动作或状态发生的时间的形式。
第2讲不可数名词名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念的词。
它有可数名词和不可数名词之分。
可数名词有单复数之分。
如:a bag, twobags。
而不可数名词,顾名思义,通常没有复数形式,不能在词尾加s或es变复数。
我们学过的不可数名词有哪些呢?一起来搜索一下吧!有:ice, rain, snow, wind, bread, meat, juice, sugar, food, rice, water, coffee, tea, milk, jam, chocolate, fruit, paper, hair 等,这些物质名词都是不可数名词。
还有像 work (工作), help (帮助), love (爱), hope (希望), weather (天气) 等抽象名词也是不可数名词。
在使用不可数名词时,要注意以下几点:1.不可数名词前面不能直接加a / an。
如:I like to skate on an ice.( × )I like to skate on the ice. ( √ )我喜欢在冰上溜滑。
不可数名词如果要表示一定的数量,可以借助单位词。
如:a cube of ice 一方块冰 three cups of tea三杯茶a bowl of rice 一碗米饭a bar of chocolate 一大块巧克力2.不可数名词的词尾不能加s或es变复数。
3.some, any, no, a little, much, a lotof等词往往可以加在不可数名词的前面,修饰不可数名词。
如:1)I don’t want any help. 我不需要任何帮助。
2)There’s some milk in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些牛奶。
把下面的句子都翻译对了吗?如果有错,请为其改正。
1. 请给我一些果汁。
( ) Give me some juices, please.2. 我喜欢坐在阳光下。
( ) I like to sit in a sun.3. 桌子上有两碗米饭。
( ) There are two rices on the table.4. 他们喜欢在风中玩耍。
( ) They like to play in the wind.bread面包 beer啤酒cloth布 coffee咖啡cream奶油 dust尘土gin杜松子酒 glass玻璃gold黄金 ice冰jam果酱 oil油paper纸 sand沙soap肥皂 stone石头tea茶 water水wine葡萄酒 wood木头advice忠告／主意beauty美丽，漂亮courage勇气 death死亡experience经验 fear担心help帮助 hope希望horror恐惧 information消息／信息knowledge知识 mercy仁慈pity同情 relief救济suspicion猜疑 work工作baggage行李 camping露营damage损害 furniture家具luggage 行李 parking停车shopping购物 weather气候a bit of news一件消息a cake of soap一块肥皂a drop of oil一滴油a grain of sand一粒沙子a pane of glass一块玻璃a piece of advice一条忠告a pot of jam一罐果酱a sheet of paper一页纸记住这十个词，人称雷打不动的十大金刚：advice, news, information, progress, work. fun, weather, music,health,luck。
在使用这些词时，不管其前面有多少修饰语，其前一定不要用不定冠词a或an。
二、名词所有格的构成法1. 主要是在词尾加’ s 构成。
如:This is Tom’s desk . 这是汤姆的书桌。
That is Mike’s book. 那是迈克的书。
2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾s ,则仅加一个’ . 如:the teachers’ reading room 教师阅览室the pupils’ pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒3. 如果原词是复数形式，但不是以s 结尾，变为所有格形式需在后面加上’ s 。
如：the children’s palace 少年宫men’s room 男厕所*名词所有格口诀：名词所有格，s前面加一撇’，复数s放在尾，后加一撇就完结，两人共有算一个，后面只加一个撇。
1、不可数名词的数的变化2、名词所有格的学习及应用3、可数不可数名词的对比学习1. ____________ are sold in this bookstore.A. Children’s booksB. Children books解析：孩子们的书翻译为A2. Some friends of _________ will come here.A. John’sB. John解析;John的朋友为A3. Can you give me ______________?A. some papersB. a piece of paper解析：纸为不可数名词不可以加s，故答案选择B4. The blouse is made of ________.A. a woolB. these woodC. woolsD. wool解析：羊毛为不可数名词不可以加s也不可以用a和these ，故答案为D5. There are three ______ and seven ______ in the picture.A. cows, sheepsB. cows, sheepC. cow, sheepD. cow, sheeps解析：羊的复数是特殊变形单复同形，牛的复数是cows，故答案选择B6. June 1 is _______.A. children’s dayB. children’s DayC. Children’s DayD. Children’s day解析：节日是专有名词第一个字母大写，孩子们的后边用‘s。
故答案选择cA部分汉译英1．Tom的足球 _________________ 2. 老师们的自行车_________________ 3．学生们的课桌 _________________ 4.哥哥的文具盒_________________ 5．姑姑的卡片 _________________ 6.猴子们的香蕉_________________ 7．蚂蚁们的早餐 _________________ 8.妈妈的包_________________9．姐姐的连衣裙_________________ 10女孩们的苹果_________________ B部分1. I want to buy ________.A. two bottles of inkB. two bottle of inkC. two bottle of inksD. two bottles of inks2. They don’t have to do _______ today.A. much homeworkB. many homeworksC. many homeworkD. much homeworks3. ______ room is next to their parents’.A. Kate’s and Joan’sB. Kate’s and JoanC. Kate and Joan’sD. Kate and Joan4. Miss Green is a friend of _______.A. Mary’s mother’sB. Mary’s motherC. Mary mother’sD. mother’s of Mary5. Tom is ______. He will come to see me.A. my a friendB. a friendC. mine friendD. a friend of mine6. Sheep _______ white and milk _______ also white.A. is, areB. are, isC. is, isD. are, are7. I’d like to have a glass of milk and _______.A. two breadsB. two pieces of breadsC.two pieces of breadD. two piece of bread8. He bought _______.A. two pairs of shoesB. two pair of shoesC. two pairs of shoeD. two pair of shoeC阅读练习No. 1Anny sat in their backyard(后院), thinking. She was trying to think of a way to earn money during the summer vacation. Suddenly, she had an idea! Her parents paid her to walk their dog every day. Maybe other people would pay her to walk their dogs.Anny went to many houses and asked the people if she could exercise their pets. Some of the people didn't have a dog. Others wanted to walk their own pets themselves, but five people did hire Anny. She was delighted.Every morning that summer she walked the dogs. By the end of the vacation, Anny had saved( ) 1.The best title is ______________.A. Traveling During the SummerB. Waiting for School to BeginC. A Girl Finds a PetD. Getting Paid to Walk Dogs( ) 2. During the vacation Anny saved _________.A. five dollarsB. eighty dollarsC. one hundred dollarsD. ninety dollars( ) 3. To earn money, Anny _______________.A. washed windowsB. sold papersC. went to schoolD. walked dogs( ) 4. When Anny was working, she was __________.A. outsideB. in a carC. in a lakeD. inside a house( ) 5. The underlined word "delighted" means "_________".A. very tallB. very happyC. sickD. coldKeydbdabNo.2lot of boys and girls in Western Countries are wearing the same kinds of clothes, and many of them have long hair, so it is often difficult to tell whether they are boys or girls.One day, an old man went for walk in a park in Washington, and when he was tired, he sat down on a bench. A young person was standing on the other side."My goodness!" the old man said the person next to him on the bench. "Do you see that person with long hair? Is it a boy or a girl?""A girl," said his neighbor. "She's my daughter.""Oh!" the old man said quickly. "Please forgive me, I didn't know that you were her mother.""I'm not," said the other person, "I'm her father."1. Some of the boys Western Countries look like girls because ________.A. they are not tall enoughB. they walk slowly like girlsC. their clothes and hair are like girls'D. they always wear very fine clothes2. The old man went to the park one day ________.A. to have a walkB. to see the young personsC. to do some exercisesD. to sit on the bench and have a walk3. When the old man saw a young person with long hair he thought ________.A. it was a young womanB. it was a boyC. it was a girlD. it was the person's daughter4. What was the person next to the old man look like? ________.A. He looked like a business man（商人）.B. He looked like a young man.C. He looked like the young person's father.D. He looked like a woman.5. This story happened（发生）in ________.A. FranceB. EnglandC. AmericaD. AustraliaKeyCACDC一．选择填空。
