下载文档原格式
中国菜的分类Classifications of Chinese Cuisine1.八大菜系Eight Famous Cuisines鲁菜Lu Cuisine (Shandong Cuisine)川菜Chuan Cuisine (Sichuan Cuisine)粤菜Yue Cuisine (Guangdong Cuisine)闽菜Min Cuisine (Fujian Cuisine)苏菜Su Cuisine (Jiangsu Cuisine)浙菜Zhe Cuisine (Zhejiang Cuisine)湘菜Xiang Cuisine (Hunan Cuisine)徽菜Hui Cuisine (Anhui Cuisine)2.菜品分类Types of Courses凉菜类Cold Dishes热菜类Hot Dishes汤羹粥煲类Soups, Congees and Casseroles主食和小吃Main Food and Snacks西餐Western Cuisine开胃菜(头盘及沙拉类)Appetizers and Salads汤类Soups副菜Entrées主菜Main Courses配菜Side Dishes甜点Desserts饮品Drinks一、酒精类饮品Alcoholic Beverages1. 国酒Chinese Wines2. 洋酒Imported Wines白兰地与威士忌Brandy and Whisky金酒与朗姆酒Gin and Rum伏特加与龙舌兰Vodka and Tequila利口酒和开胃酒Liqueurs and Aperitifs红酒Red Wine二、不含酒精类饮品Non-Alcoholic Beverages三、中国饮品文化Chinese Drinking Culture1. 中国茶文化Chinese Tea Culture2. 中国酒文化Chinese Wine Culture一．翻译原则1以主料为主，配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的主料和配料主料(名称/形状)+with+配料如：松仁香菇Chinese Mushrooms with Pine Nuts2.菜肴的主料和配汁主料with /in+汤汁(Sauce)如：冰梅凉瓜Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce2二．以烹制方法为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的做法和主料做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)如：拌双耳Tossed Black and White Fungus2.菜肴的做法、主料和配料做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+配料如：豌豆辣牛肉Saut éed Spicy Beef and Green Peas3.菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁做法(动词过去分词) + 主料(名称/形状)+with /in+汤汁如：川北凉粉Tossed Clear Noodles with Chili Sauce三．以形状、口感为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴形状或口感以及主配料形状/口感+ 主料如：玉兔馒头Rabbit-Shaped Mantou脆皮鸡Crispy Chicken2.菜肴的做法、形状或口感、做法以及主配料做法(动词过去分词)+ 形状/口感+ 主料+ 配料如：小炒黑山羊Sautéed Sliced Lamb with Pepper and Parsley3以人名、地名为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料人名(地名)+ 主料如：麻婆豆腐Mapo Tofu (Sautéed Tofu in Hot and Spicy Sauce)广东点心Cantonese Dim Sum 4.介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法做法(动词过去式)+ 主辅料+ 人名/地名+ Style 如：四川辣子鸡Spicy Chicken, Sichuan Style北京炸酱面Noodles with Soy Bean Paste, Beijing Style5体现中国餐饮文化，使用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则1.具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统食品，本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则，使用汉语拼音。
1.八大菜系 Eight Famous Cuisines鲁菜 Lu Cuisine (Shandong Cuisine)川菜 Chuan Cuisine (Sichuan Cuisine)粤菜 Yue Cuisine (Guangdong Cuisine)闽菜 Min Cuisine (Fujian Cuisine)苏菜 Su Cuisine (Jiangsu Cuisine)浙菜 Zhe Cuisine (Zhejiang Cuisine)湘菜 Xiang Cuisine (Hunan Cuisine)徽菜 Hui Cuisine (Anhui Cuisine)2.菜品分类 Types of Courses凉菜类 Cold Dishes热菜类Hot Dishes汤羹粥煲类 Soups, Congees and Casseroles 主食和小吃 Main Food and Snacks西餐 Western Cuisine开胃菜(头盘及沙拉类)Appetizers and Salads 汤类 Soups副菜 Entrées主菜 Main Courses配菜 Side Dishes甜点 Desserts饮品Drinks一、酒精类饮品 Alcoholic Beverages1. 国酒 Chinese Wines2. 洋酒 Imported Wines白兰地与威士忌 Brandy and Whisky金酒与朗姆酒 Gin and Rum伏特加与龙舌兰 Vodka and Tequila利口酒和开胃酒 Liqueurs and Aperitifs红酒 Red Wine二、不含酒精类饮品 Non-Alcoholic Beverages三、中国饮品文化 Chinese Drinking Culture1. 中国茶文化 Chinese Tea Culture2. 中国酒文化 Chinese Wine Culture一．翻译原则1以主料为主，配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的主料和配料主料(名称/形状)+with+配料如：松仁香菇Chinese Mushrooms with Pine Nuts2.菜肴的主料和配汁主料with /in+汤汁(Sauce)如：冰梅凉瓜Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce2二．以烹制方法为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的做法和主料做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)如：拌双耳 Tossed Black and White Fungus2.菜肴的做法、主料和配料做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+配料如：豌豆辣牛肉 Sautéed Spicy Beef and Green Peas3.菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁做法(动词过去分词) + 主料(名称/形状)+with /in+汤汁如：川北凉粉 Tossed Clear Noodles with Chili Sauce三．以形状、口感为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴形状或口感以及主配料形状/口感+ 主料如：玉兔馒头Rabbit-Shaped Mantou脆皮鸡 Crispy Chicken2.菜肴的做法、形状或口感、做法以及主配料做法(动词过去分词)+ 形状/口感 + 主料 + 配料如：小炒黑山羊 Sautéed Sliced Lamb with Pepper and Parsley3以人名、地名为主，原料为辅的翻译原则1.菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料人名(地名)+ 主料如：麻婆豆腐 Mapo Tofu (Sautéed Tofu in Hot and Spicy Sauce)广东点心 Cantonese Dim Sum4.介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法做法(动词过去式)+ 主辅料+ 人名/地名+ Style如：四川辣子鸡Spicy Chicken, Sichuan Style北京炸酱面 Noodles with Soy Bean Paste, Beijing Style5体现中国餐饮文化，使用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则 1.具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统食品，本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则，使用汉语拼音。
菜名中英文详细互译一.Poultry家禽类1．鸡鸭：Fresh Grade Legs(thigh) 鸡大腿Fresh Grade Breast 鸡胸chicken fryer小鸡块Chicken Drumsticks 鸡小腿Chicken Wings 鸡翅Turkey 火鸡chick gizzard鸡杂Duck trim drum鸭翼脾2.猪肉：Liver 猪肝Pork ribs 排骨feet 猪脚Kidney 猪腰bag 猪肚Hearts 猪心Pork Steak 猪排Pork-pieces 廋肉块Pork Chops 连骨猪排Rolled Pork loin 卷好的腰部瘦肉Rolled Pork Belly 卷好的腰部瘦肉连带皮Pork sausage meat 做香肠的绞肉Pork Fillet 小里肌肉Spare Rib Pork chops 带骨的瘦肉Spare Rib of Pork 小排骨肉Pork Dripping 猪油滴Lard 猪油Joint 有骨的大块肉Hock 蹄膀Casserole Pork 中间带骨的腿肉Butt猪的肩前腿肉3.牛肉:Stewing Beef 小块的瘦肉Steak & Kidney 牛肉块加牛腰ground beef已铰好的牛肉Frying steak 可煎食的大片牛排Rump Steak 大块牛排Leg Beef 牛键肉OX-Tail 牛尾OX-heart 牛心Homey come Tripe 蜂窝牛肚OX-T ongues 牛舌Barnsley Chops 带骨的腿肉Shoulder Chops 肩肉Porter House Steak 腰上的牛排肉Chuck Steak 头肩肉筋、油较多Tenderised Steak 拍打过的牛排Roll 牛肠Cowhells 牛筋Tripe Pieces 牛肚块Best thick seam 白牛肚4.羊肉：lamb chops羊肉片leg of lamb 羊腿二.海产类(Seafood)1.鱼（fish）：Herring 青鱼，鲱Salmon三文鱼Bass 鲈鱼Corvina黄花鱼Milkfish奶鱼Mullet梭鱼,胭脂鱼, 鲻鱼Cod 鳕鱼Tuna金枪鱼Sea Bream 海鲤Hake 鳕鱼类Carp 鲤鱼Halibut 大比目鱼flounder比目鱼Plaice欧蝶鱼Swordfish箭鱼Octopus 鱆鱼Squid 乌贼cuttlefish 墨鱼Dressed squid 花枝Mackerel 鲭Haddock 北大西洋鳕鱼Trout鲑鱼Cod Fillets 鳕鱼块Conger (Eel)鳗鱼Tilapia罗非鱼Dace鲮鱼Red Mullet 红鲣Herring roes 鲱鱼子Boiled Cod roes 鳕鱼子2.贝类海鲜(Shellfish):Oysters 牡犡Mussels 蚌类、黑色、椭圆形、没壳的是淡菜Crab 螃蟹Prawn 虾clams 蛤蚌scallops扇贝(小)Crab stick 蟹肉条Peeled Prawns 虾仁King Prawns 大虾Tiger Prawns 虎虾Whelks Tops 小螺肉Shrimps 基围虾Cockles 小贝肉Lobster 龙虾Winkles 田螺三.蔬菜类(V egetables): Daikon白萝卜Carrot 胡萝卜Radish 小胡萝卜Tomato 蕃茄Parsnip 欧洲萝卜Bok-choy小白菜long napa(suey choy) 大白菜Spinach菠菜Cabbage 卷心菜Potato 马铃薯russet potato褐色土豆Sweet potato红薯（红苕）Eggplant茄子Celery 芹菜Celery stalk芹菜梗Asparagus芦笋Lotus root莲藕Cilantro芫荽叶Cauliflower 白花菜Broccoli 绿花菜Spring onions（scallion 或green onion）葱Zucchini美洲南瓜（西葫芦）Mushroom 洋菇Chives Flower韭菜花shallot葱Red cabbage 紫色包心菜Squash(pumpkin)南瓜acorn squash小青南瓜Watercress 西洋菜豆瓣菜Baby corn 玉米尖Sweet corn 玉米Bitter melon苦瓜Beet甜菜chard甜菜Onion 洋葱lima bean 青豆Brussels sprout 球芽甘蓝（小包菜）Garlic 大蒜Ginger（root）姜Leeks韭菜Scallion(green onion) 葱Mustard & cress 芥菜苗Artichoke洋蓟Escarole 菊苣, 茅菜Chilly 辣椒Green Pepper 青椒Red pepper 红椒Y ellow pepper 黄椒Courgette小胡瓜,绿皮番瓜(不可生食) Coriander 香菜Cucumber黄瓜String bean（green bean）四季豆Pea豌豆lima bean青豆Bean sprout 绿豆芽Iceberg 透明包菜Lettuce 生菜romaine莴苣Swede or Turnip 芜菁Okra 秋葵Taro 大芋头Eddo 小芋头yam山药, 洋芋kale羽衣甘蓝四.水果类(fruits)：apple苹果peach桃子Lemon 柠檬Pear 梨子avocado南美梨cantaloupe美国香瓜Banana 香蕉Grape 葡萄raisins葡萄干plum 李子apricot杏子nectarine油桃honeydew(melon)哈密瓜orange 橙子tangerine 橘子guava番石榴Golden apple 黄绿苹果、脆甜Granny smith 绿苹果papaya木瓜Bramley绿苹果Mclntosh麦金托什红苹果coconut椰子nut核果,坚果Strawberry 草莓prunes干梅子blueberry 乌饭果cranberry酸莓raspberry山霉Mango 芒果fig 无花果pineapple 菠萝Kiwi 奇异果（弥猴桃）Star fruit 杨桃Cherry 樱桃watermelon西瓜grapefruit柚子lime 酸橙Dates 枣子lychee 荔枝Grape fruit 葡萄柚Coconut 椰子Fig 无花果五.熟食类(deli):sausages 香肠corned beef 腌咸牛肉bologna大红肠salami 意大利香肠bacon熏肉ham火腿肉stewing beef 炖牛肉Smoked Bacon 熏肉roast烤肉corned beef咸牛肉Pork Burgers 汉堡肉potato salad凉拌马铃薯core slaw凉拌卷心菜丝macaroni salad凉拌空心面seafood salad凉拌海鲜Smoked mackerel with crushed pepper corn 带有黑胡椒粒的熏鲭Dried fish 鱼干Canned罐装的Black Pudding 黑香肠Smoked Salmon 熏三文鱼六.谷类食品(Cereals):1.米类:Long rice 长米，较硬Pudding rice or short rice 软短米Brown rice 糙米THAI Fragrant rice 泰国香米Glutinous rice 糯米Sago 西贾米oat燕麦, 麦片粥2.面类:Strong flour 高筋面粉Plain flour 中筋面粉macaroni 意大利空心面spaghetti意大利式细面条Self- raising flour 低筋面粉Whole meal flour 小麦面粉Instant noodle方便面Noodles 面条Rice-noodle 米粉V ermicelli（rice stick）细面条, 粉条七.调味品类（Seasoning，condiments,relish）:Brown sugar 砂糖dark Brown Sugar 红糖Rock Sugar 冰糖Maltose 麦芽糖Custer sugar 白砂糖（适用于做糕点）Icing Sugar 糖粉（可用在打鲜奶油及装饰蛋糕外层）Soy sauce 酱油，分生抽（light）及老抽两种Vinegar 醋Cornstarch 太白粉,玉米淀粉Sesame Seeds 芝麻Sesame oil 麻油cooking oil 菜油olive oil橄榄油（植物油）Creamed Coconut 椰油Oyster sauce 蚝油Canola oil 加拿大芥花油（菜油）broth 肉汤Pepper 胡椒Chinese red pepper 花椒monosodium glutamate味精Red chilli powder 辣椒粉sesame芝麻Sesame paste 芝麻酱Salt black bean 豆鼓peanut butter花生酱Bean curd sheet 腐皮Tofu 豆腐bean curd豆干，干子Sea vegetable or Sea weed 海带Green bean 绿豆Red Bean 红豆Black bean 黑豆Red kidney bean 大红豆Dried mushroom 冬菇Silk noodles 粉丝hazelnut榛子almond杏仁Agar-agar 燕菜Bamboo shoots 竹笋罐头Star anise 八角fennel茴香clove丁香Wantun skin 馄饨皮Dried chestnut 干粟子Tiger lily buds 金针Red date 红枣Water chestnuts 荸荠罐头Dried shrimps 虾米Cashew nuts 腰果walnut胡桃cream 奶油cheddar cheese 英国切达干酪butter 黄油margarine 植物奶油cream cheese干酪cottage cheese 白干酪mozzarella 意大利白干酪yogurt 酸奶juice 果汁marmalade橘子或柠檬酱jelly果冻Cake mix蛋糕粉syrup糖浆, 果汁salad dressing沙拉酱mashed potatoes土豆泥sundae圣代冰淇淋jam果酱marmalade橘子酱mustard 芥末ketchup调味番茄酱mayonnaise蛋黄酱spices 香料Skim milk脱脂牛奶Low-fat milk低脂牛奶Buttermilk 脱脂酸牛奶Soya drink 豆浆，八.零食糖果类(Snack Foods and Confectionery): Biscuits 点心crackers 咸饼干bulk bagels 散装硬面包圈Cookies 小甜饼干muffins 松饼Pretzels 焦盐脆饼条popcorn爆玉米花nuts果仁peanut花生potato chips 炸马铃薯片corn chips炸玉米片tortilla chips 墨西哥炸玉米片nacho chips墨西哥辣炸玉米片crisps 各式洋芋片tortilla玉米粉圆饼Bun小圆面包,圈taco墨西哥玉米面豆卷pancake薄烤饼French fries炸薯条ice cream cone圆筒冰淇淋九.腌菜(Pickles)Sour mustard 咸酸菜preserved mustard 泡菜preserved szechuan pickle四川榨菜Pickled mustard-green 酸菜。
