Landlocked developing countries are very poor

英汉句子视译练习Only the United Nations offers a global forum where all Member States, large and small, and nongovernmental actors of every type, can take part in making decisions on world affairs and in elaborating the rules and guiding principles of the international system of which we are all a part.It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone the visit which I had intended to pay to China in January.With the increasing prosperity of Chinese economy, these scholars will play an important part in cementing future Sino-British links, both academically and commercially.There are more than 400 million displaced people worldwide—about half of them are children. Uprooted from their homes and either internally displaced within their own countries or forced to flee as refugees to other states, these people are caught in the difficult limbo between a turbulent past and an uncertain future.I am not a dreamer or philosopher. Like all of you, I too have a family and worry about their future. We have the resources to make a difference. We know how to make a difference. We have the courage to make a difference. We must now act to make a difference.The geographical handicaps and economic and ecological vulnerabilities of the landlocked developing countries and small island developing States, 26 of which are also least developed countries, continue to constrain their overall development.White and black citizens lived and worked very closely together in most communities.The risk is real that scarce resources, disease, and the displacement of people will then lead to disputes and conflicts which will impact on the security of all of us.Before taking your questions, let me mention two other issues that are of particular concern to me at the moment.The government wished to promote regional interests through mutually beneficial relations with the outside world.The Second World Assembly on Aging, held at Madrid in April 2002, highlighted the need to link aging to human rights and social and economic development.The Summit also holds the promise of creating an information society that provides new business opportunities and innovative ways to create prosperity while respecting the interests and cultural heritage of all nations.Today，I would like to share with you my own thoughts about the implications of the ongoing transition to the knowledge-based economy, as well as on how Asians can cope with this transition not only to survive but also to gain competitive strength.As an important segment of the global tourism industry, Asian tourism, though a later starter, has enjoyed a track record of sound development.Allow me, on behalf of the delegation that accompanies me and in my own name, to sincerely thank you for this and convey to you the message of friendship and fraternity of our people.There is no denying that China now plays a much more large role in world affairs than at any time in the last century.The wall that many people imagined to separate the rich countries and the poor came down on September 11 two years ago.Let me express my gratitude to the United Nations founding fathers for their vision in having left a legacy which was humanity’s best guarantee for continued survival.A vice-president of the International Olympic Committee was arrested in Seoul on charges of bribery, embezzlement and other irregularities.Among us, we have delegates from the Organizing Committees of the Games in Athens, in 2004; Turin, in 2006; and Beijing, in 2008: we greet them and wish them ever success with their undertaking.Slums go by various names—favelas, kampungs, bidonvilles, tugarios, gecekondus—but the meaning is the same: miserable living conditions.Nothing gives me greater pride as Prime Minister than this investment in the future—an investment in each individual young person and their future.I cannot conclude without saying that I am extremely proud of the staff in the World Bank Group.There is no better time than now to join in common effort to make a better world.I would fail in my duty if I do not highlight the problems faced by most of the Southeast Asian countries.It is nevertheless many years since our two worlds first touched.This can only be achieved by translating principles and norms into concrete deeds affecting the way people live.My country will submit its report between now and Kyoto.It will be very difficult to make a decision without knowing all the facts.We are very grateful to you for your effort to come all the way from China to present this document to us.In 1686 Robert Hooke of the Royal Society wrote that “A better knowledge of China’s civilization would lay open to us an empire of learning, hitherto fabulously described.”Retreat from unpleasant realities into comforting illusions rarely solves any problems.The meeting will resume at 5 p.m. after the experts have met privately.The challenge for the international community is to promote growth and sustainable development in a globalizing and liberalizing international economy.It is therefore in the interest of the industrial countries to adopt structural adjustment policies that will phase out the uncompetitive production of textile and clothing.On 17 December 1996, Member States did me great honour in electing me the Organization’s seventh Secretary-General. Since taking office, I have had one overriding objective: to induce greater unity of purpose, coherence of efforts and responsiveness throughout the Organization so that it can more effectively help meet the challenges of our times.We should understand the nature, level and scope of such a commitment.I have been struck in the China of today by the mood of realism and the practicaldetermination to achieve steady, well-based economic development within your own system of beliefs and principles.Aeroplanes carry passengers to various parts of the world in almost as many hours as it takes days to do the journey by other means.It is a long way from Peking to London. The distance has sometimes seemed compounded by historical, philosophical and political gaps in our outlooks.。

同等学力英语试卷考试时间：180分钟满分：100分。

Part I: Vocabulary (10 points)Section A: Multiple Choice.Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. The new law will come into ______ next month.A. force.B. power.C. strength.D. influence.2. His ______ of the basic structures is good but his vocabulary is limited.A. hold.B. grip.C. grasp.D. seizure.3. The doctor gave him some medicine to ______ the pain.A. free.B. scatter.C. ease.D. decrease.4. We should ______ our energy and youth to the development of our country.A. dedicate.B. cater.C. ascribe.D. cling.5. The company is trying to ______ the latest technology to improve its production.A. adapt.B. adopt.C. adjust.D. addict.6. The ______ of the accident was a broken bottle on the road.A. cause.B. reason.C. excuse.D. factor.7. His speech was so ______ that half of the audience fell asleep.A. boring.B. bored.C. interesting.D. interested.8. She has a great ______ for music and dancing.A. feeling.B. emotion.C. passion.D. sentiment.9. The government has ______ a series of policies to boost economic growth.A. put out.B. put off.C. put forward.D. put up.10. It is ______ that he will win the game, considering his excellent performance.A. likely.B. like.C. alike.D. liking.Section B: Word Filling.Directions: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the box. Change the form if necessary. Each word can be used only once.aware, consequence, contribute, diverse, emerge.1. People are becoming more ______ of the importance of environmental protection.2. The ______ of this decision will be far - reaching.3. Everyone should ______ to the development of society.4. There are ______ cultures in this big city.5. New problems will ______ as the situation changes.Part II: Grammar (10 points)Section A: Multiple Choice.Directions: In this section, there are 10 sentences. Each sentence contains an underlined part. Beneath each sentence are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that can replace the underlined part without changing the original meaning. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. Having been told many times, but he still couldn't understand it.A. Having been told.B. Told.C. He had been told.D. Though he had been told.2. It was in this small village where we met for the first time.A. where?B. that.C. which.D. when?3. The book is well - worth reading. I can't wait to read it.A. very worth.B. quite worth.C. worthy.D. worthy of.4. I don't know the reason for his being late.A. why he is late.B. which he is late.C. that he is late.D. for which he is late.5. She is such a kind - hearted woman that all of us like her.A. so kind - hearted woman.B. such kind - hearted woman.C. so a kind - hearted woman.D. a so kind - hearted woman.6. If I were you, I will not go there alone.A. am.B. was.C. would.D. had been.7. The number of students in our school are increasing year by year.A. is.B. are.C. has been.D. have been.8. He is busy preparing for the exam, so he has no time to play.A. preparing.B. to prepare.C. in preparing.D. with preparing.9. The boy, together with his parents, go to the park every Sunday.A. goes.B. go.C. is going.D. are going.10. Not only he but also I am interested in English.A. He not only but also I.B. Not only he and I.C. Not only he but I also.D. He and not only I.Section B: Error Correction.Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. Then, without changing the meaning of the sentence, write down the correct form.1. I am looking forward to see you soon. (A) looking forward to (B) see(C) you (D) soon.2. She is more taller than her sister. (A) is (B) more (C) taller (D) than.3. There are a lot of informations in this book. (A) are (B) a lot of(C) informations (D) in.4. He has made a great progress in his study. (A) has made (B) a great(C) progress (D) in!5. My father has bought a new bike to me. (A) has bought (B) a new bike(C) to (D) me.Part III: Reading Comprehension (30 points)Section A: Multiple Choice.Directions: There are 3 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1.The Internet has become an important part of our daily lives. It allows us to communicate with people all over the world, access information, and do business. However, it also has some negative aspects.One of the problems is the spread of false information. With the ease of creating and sharing content on the Internet, some people may post untrue stories or rumors. This can cause confusion and harm to others. Another issue is privacy. As we use the Internet more and more, our personal information is at risk of being leaked or misused.Cyberbullying is also a growing concern. Some people use the anonymity of the Internet to bully and harass others, which can have a serious impact on the mental health of the victims.Despite these problems, the Internet continues to grow and evolve. New technologies are being developed to address these issues, such as better algorithms for filtering false information and stronger privacy protection measures.1. What is one of the negative aspects of the Internet according to the passage?A. It makes people communicate less in person.B. It spreads false information.C. It is too expensive to use.D. It is difficult to access information.2. What is the risk when we use the Internet?A. Losing our friends.B. Being attacked physically.C. Having our personal information leaked.D. Forgetting how to write.3. What is cyberbullying?A. Buying things on the Internet.B. Using the Internet to bully and harass others.C. Protecting the Internet environment.D. Teaching others how to use the Internet.4. What is being done to deal with the problems of the Internet?A. Stopping people from using the Internet.B. Developing new technologies.C. Asking the government to control the Internet.D. Ignoring the problems.Passage 2.Education is very important in a person's life. It not only equips people with knowledge and skills but also helps them develop good values and attitudes.In modern society, there are different types of education. Formal education usually takes place in schools, colleges, and universities. It follows a structured curriculum and is recognized by official certificates. Informal education, on the other hand, occurs outside of formal institutions. It can include learning from family, friends, and the community, as well as self - study.Lifelong education is also becoming more and more important. With the rapid development of science and technology, people need to keep learning throughout their lives to keep up with the changes. Lifelong education can be in the form of continuing education courses, online learning, or on - the - job training.1. What does education do for a person according to the passage?A. Only gives knowledge.B. Gives knowledge and helps develop values.C. Makes people rich.D. Helps people find jobs.2. Where does formal education usually take place?A. At home.B. In the park.C. In schools, colleges and universities.D. In the factory.3. What is informal education?A. Learning only from books.B. Learning outside of formal institutions.C. Learning from strangers.D. Learning without any purpose.4. Why is lifelong education important?A. Because people are bored with their jobs.B. Because science and technology are developing fast.C. Because people want to get more certificates.D. Because the government encourages it.Passage 3.The concept of sustainable development has been widely discussed in recent years. Sustainable development means meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meettheir own needs.In the field of energy, sustainable development requires us to find clean and renewable energy sources. Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas are non - renewable and cause environmental pollution. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro power are more environmentally friendly and sustainable.In agriculture, sustainable development involves using farming methods that protect the soil, water, and biodiversity. Organic farming, for example, reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which is beneficial to the environment and human health.1. What is sustainable development?A. Only focusing on the present needs.B. Meeting the present needs without harming future generations'ability to meet their needs.C. Ignoring the present needs.D. Using all resources as much as possible.2. Why are renewable energy sources important for sustainable development?A. Because they are cheaper.B. Because they are more powerful.C. Because they are clean and renewable.D. Because they are easier to use.3. What is an example of sustainable farming methods?A. Using a lot of chemical fertilizers.B. Using pesticides without limit.C. Organic farming.D. Cutting down all trees on the farm.Section B: Short Answer Questions.Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions briefly. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.The importance of reading cannot be overstated. Reading is not only a way to gain knowledge but also a means of entertainment. It can open our minds to different cultures, ideas, and perspectives.When we read books, we are exposed to the thoughts and experiences of the authors. We can learn from their wisdom and mistakes. Reading also improves our language skills, such as vocabulary, grammar, and writing ability.However, in modern society, many people spend less time reading. They are more attracted to electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets. These devices offer a variety of forms of entertainment, such as videos, games, and social media.1. What are the two main functions of reading according to the passage?2. How can reading help us?3. Why do many people spend less time reading in modern society?Part IV: Cloze (10 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.The world is changing at an 1______ pace. New technologies are emerging every day, and they are having a profound impact on our lives. For example,the Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, learn, and do business.Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets have also become an2______ part of our lives. We can use them to access information, stay in touch with friends and family, and even work remotely.However, these technological advancements also bring some challenges. One of the biggest challenges is the issue of privacy. As we use these devices and services, our personal information is being collected and stored by various companies. There is a risk that this information could be 3______ or misused.Another challenge is the digital divide. Not everyone has equal access to these new technologies. People in poor areas or developing countries may not have the resources or infrastructure to take advantage of the Internet and mobile devices. This can lead to a further 4______ between the rich and the poor.In order to address these challenges, governments and companies need to work together. Governments should 5______ policies to protect privacy and promote equal access to technology. Companies should be more transparent about how they collect and use personal information.1. A. alarming.B. amazing!C. amusing.D. annoying.2. A. integral.B. internal.C. initial.D. instant.3. A. leaked.B. lacked.C. linked.D. liked.4. A. gap.B. graph.C. grip.D. gulp.5. A. implement.B. imply.C. import.D. improve.Part V: Translation (20 points)Section A: English - Chinese Translation.Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1. The more you read, the more knowledge you will gain.2. It is important to keep a good balance between work and life.3. She is so kind that she is always ready to help others.4. With the development of science and technology, people's living standards have been greatly improved.5. We should make full use of our time to study and work.Section B: Chinese - English Translation.Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1. 他每天花很多时间练习英语口语。

2017年上半年CATTI二级笔译真题回顾英译中第一篇本文来自联合国官网《变革我们的世界：2030年可持续发展目标》，译文同样来自联合国官网。

This Agenda is a plan of action for people,planet and prosperity.It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom.We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions,including extreme poverty,is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development.本议程是为人类、地球与繁荣制订的行动计划。

它还旨在加强世界和平与自由。

我们认识到，消除一切形式和表现的贫困，包括消除极端贫困，是世界最大的挑战，也是实现可持续发展必不可少的要求。

We are resolved to free the human race from the alleviation of poverty and heal and protect our planet.We are determined to take the bold and transformative steps which are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path.我们决心让人类摆脱贫困和匮乏，让地球治愈创伤并得到保护。

我们决心大胆采取迫切需要的变革步骤，让世界走上可持续且具有恢复力的道路。

The17Sustainable Development Goals and169targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new universal Agenda.They seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals and complete what these did not achieve.They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls.They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development:the economic,social and environmental.我们今天宣布的17个可持续发展目标和169个具体目标展现了这个新全球议程的规模和雄心。

QUITO DECLARATION ON SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND HUMAN SETTLEMENTS FOR ALL基多宣言——全人类的永续城市和住区1. We, the Heads of State and Government, Ministers and High Representatives, have gathered at the United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development （Habitat III）from 17 to 20 October 2016 in Quito, Ecuador, with the participation of sub-national and local governments, parliamentarians, civil society, indigenous peoples and local communities, the private sector, professionals and practitioners, the scientific and academic community, and other relevant stakeholders, to adopt a New Urban Agenda.1. 我们是各个国家、政府的首脑、部长以及高级代表，在2016年的10月17-20日相聚于厄瓜多尔首都基多，参加联合国关于住房和永续城市发展的会议（人居III），通过了新城市议程。

参与会议的还有各个国家、省市和地方政府、议员、公民组织、原住民和当地居民、私营部门、专业人士和从业者、科研和学术群体，以及其他利益相关方。

2.By 2050 the world urban population is expected to nearly double, making urbanization one of the 21st century’s most transformative trends. As the population, economic activities, social and cultural interactions, as well as environmental and humanitarian impacts, are increasingly concentrated in cities, this poses massive sustainability challenges in terms of housing, infrastructure, basic services, food security, health, education, decent jobs, safety, and natural resources, among others. 2.到2050年，世界城市人口预计将接近翻番，使城镇化成为21世纪最大的变革趋势之一。

全球储蓄过剩（GSG）HERA 住房及经济复苏法案The Foreign Correspondents’ Club of Japan 日本外国特派员协会Departments of Health and Human Services (HHS)美国卫生及公共服务部Social Security Administration (SSA)美国社会保障局ADBI Asian Development Bank InstituteAIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndromeASEAN Association of South-East Asian NationsASEAN+3 ASEAN + China, Japan and the Republic of KoreaBIMSTEC Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation CIS Commonwealth of Independent StatesCMI Chiang Mai InitiativeDAC Development Assistance Committee of the OECDEAS East Asia SummitESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the PacificFAO Food and Agriculture OrganizationFDI foreign direct investmentFTA free trade agreementGDP gross domestic productHIV human immunodeficiency virusID identityILO International Labour OrganizationIMF International Monetary FundLAC Latin America and the CaribbeanLDCs least developed countriesLLDCs landlocked developing countriesMDB multilateral development bankMDGs Millennium Development GoalsNGO non-governmental organizationODA official development assistanceOECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentPPP purchasing power paritySAARC South Asian Association for Regional CooperationSIDS Small island developing statesSPC Secretariat of the Pacific CommunityTB TuberculosisUNDP United Nations Development ProgrammeUNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationUNFPA United Nations Population FundUNICEF United Nations Children’s FundUNIFEM United Nations Development Fund for WomenVAT value added taxWDI World Development IndicatorsWFP World Food ProgrammeWHO World Health OrganizationWTO World Trade Organization美国铝业(AA)美国银行(BAC)全球五大风电企业之一的西班牙歌美飒（Gamesa）世界银行行长佐利克(Robert Zoellick)海峡两岸经济合作框架协议（ＥＣＦＡ）乔治-索罗斯(George Soros)欧洲人权法院(European Court of Human Rights)法国兴业银行(Societe Generale SA)(GLE)东京三菱日联银行(Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd)信用违约掉期(CDS)中海油总公司(CNOOC)渣打银行集团首席经济学家、全球研究部主管李籁思（Gerard Lyons）个人消费者金融保护局(Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection)United States Congress Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs美国参议院银行、住房和城市事务委员会FSMA2000=英国《金融服务及市场法令》Financial Service and Market Act 2000 CFD=Contract For Differece 差价合约FSA=英国金融服务管理局抵押贷款保险公司（mortgage insurer）新世纪金融公司（New Century Financial Corporation）寿险公司（life insurance companies）次级抵押贷款支持证券（RMBS）金融担保保险公司（financial guarantee insurance companies）国际财务报告标准（IFRSs）美国通用会计准则（US GAAP）公允价值（fair value）私募股权投资基金(private equity)经合组织保险和私人养老金委员会（IPPC）爱尔兰联合银行 Allied Irish Banks爱尔兰银行 Bank of Ireland PLC奥地利第一储蓄银行 Austria’s Erste Group Bank德国邮政银行 Deutsche Postbank AGWorld investment prosepects survey wips （联合国贸发会《世界投资前景调查》）IPA investment promotion agency 投资促进机构TNC Transnational company 跨国公司Promising investor-countries 最有投资价值的投资，这里的promising是有希望的、有前途、大有可为的意思Pay-as-you-go 现收现付Mobile capital流动资本Advers scenario 负面假设（场景、情形）Health care 公共卫生服务Medicaid：医疗补助（medic+aid）Medicare：医疗保险（medic+care）Social security contributions 社会保险缴款Social security tax 社会保险税Primary spending 基础支出（扣住利息支付的财政支出）Primary Fiscal Gap 基本财政缺口Public finance 公共财政（要比翻译成公共金融好）PIT personal Income Tax 个人所得税CIT Corporation Income Tax 企业所得税VAT Value Added Tas 增值税Commonwealth 联邦Commonwealth-state Relations 联邦-州关系General government spending 一般政府支出ARRA—American Recovery and Reinvestment Act(2009年美国复苏与再投资法案) 澳洲壳牌能源控股有公司(Shell Energy Holdings Australia)日本国土交通大臣前原诚司韩国文化体育观光部长官柳日本财政大臣野田佳彦(Yoshihiko Noda)纽约梅隆银行(Bank of New York Mellon)congressional budget office 美国国会办公室中国预托凭证(CDR)非银行金融机构（NBFCS）资产重组公司（ARCs）邓白氏（Dun & Bradstreet）咨询公司美国证券交易委员会(SEC)IPO(首次公开募股)摩根士丹利(MS)、摩根大通(JPM)、美国银行(BAC)和花旗集团(C)巴克莱银行(BCS)、瑞士信贷集团(CS)、德意志银行(DB)、高盛集团(GS)、加拿大皇家银行(RY)、和瑞士银行(UBS)纽约证券交易所(NYSE)美国商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)主席加里·詹斯勒(Gary Gensler)摩根士丹利(MS)、摩根大通(JPM)“多德-弗兰克法案”(Dodd-Frank Act)德国央行行长阿克塞尔-韦伯(Axel Weber)NBER（Naitonal Bureau of Economy Research）美国国家经济研究局全美独立企业联合会(National Federation of Independent Business——NFIB)本·伯南克(Ben S. Bernanke)、副主席威廉·达德利(William C. Dudley)、詹姆斯·布拉德(James Bullard)、伊丽莎白·杜克(Elizabeth A. Duke)、唐纳德·科恩(Donald L. Kohn)、桑德拉·皮亚纳托(Sandra Pianalto)、埃里克·罗森格林(Eric S. Rosengren)、丹尼尔·塔鲁洛(Daniel K. Tarullo)和凯文·瓦尔许(Kevin M. Warsh)；托马斯·霍利格(Thomas M. Hoenig)“格林斯潘对策”（―Greenspan put‖，有时也称之为“伯南克对策”，―Bernanke put‖）世贸组织《政府采购协定》(GPA )地方政府实体(Sub-Central Government Entities)(直译是下级中央政府实体，也有称次中央政府实体)，财政报告 call report房价波动 housing price volatility定价机制 pricing mechanism上市银行 listed bank票据产业 bill industrycash bond market 现券市场日均成交量 average daily turnover融资融券 securities borrowing and lendingAgricultural biomass industry 农村生物质能产业ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nation 东南亚国家联盟，简称“东盟”CDM Clean Development Mechannism 清洁发展机制CHP combined heat and power 热气联产CIAD-Center for integrated Agricultural Development 综合农业发展中心CIDA- Canadian International Development Agency 加拿大国际开发署CSPCB-Crop Straw Pricing Consultation Board 秸秆定价磋商GEF- Global Environment Facility 全球环境基金会GHG- Greenhouse Gas 全球环境基金会GTZ-German Agency for Technical Cooperation 德国技术合作公司Kfw—德国复兴开发银行LPG-Liquefied petroleum gas 液化石油气LPOG-Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Devepment国务院扶贫开发领导小组SIDA-Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency 瑞士国际开发合作署USAID-United States Agency for International Development 美国国际开发援助署EIRR=economical internal rate of return 经济内部回报率（收益率）FIRR=financial internal rate of return 财务内部回报率（收益率）O&M=operation and maintenance 运行与维护TSP= total suspended particles 总悬浮颗粒TCE= ton of coal equivalent 吨煤当量“现收现支(pay-as-you-go)”原则日本首相菅直人(Naoto Kan)“利差交易”(Carry Trade)西班牙首相何塞·刘易斯·罗德里格斯·萨帕特罗(Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero) 麦格理证券(Macquarie Securities)德国邮政银行(Postbank)葡萄牙商业银行(BCP)法国巴黎银行(BNP Paribas)瑞典北欧斯安银行(SEB)瑞典诺迪亚银行(NORDEA)奥地利厄斯特银行(Erste Bank)法律英语：Regulation 条例、规章Rule 规则Clause 泛指条款Section 节，也译作条Article 条 Articles 条例Provision 多指规定Stipulation 约定（而非法律规定）Part 编Chapter 章Section 节Article 条Paragraph 款Subparagraph 项Item 目中国海洋石油有限公司(CNOOC Ltd., CEO, 简称：中国海洋石油)欧洲央行(ECB)执委会成员汤普古格罗(Gertrude Tumpel-Gugerell)太平洋投资管理公司(PIMCO)比尔·格罗斯(Bill Gross)大卫·卢森博格(David Rosenberg)查德·克拉里达(Richard Clarida)所谓“就业不足率”(Under-employment Rate)，是指包括更希望获得全职岗位的兼职人员以及希望工作但却放弃寻找的人员在内的失业率。

2017年5月CATTI英语二级笔译真题一、英译汉第一篇：出自The 2030 Agenda For Sustainable DevelopmentThis Agenda is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom. We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, including extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development.We are resolved to free the human race from the alleviation of poverty and heal and protect our planet.We are determined to take the bold and transformative steps which are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path.The 17Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new universal Agenda. They seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals and complete what these did not achieve. They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and environmental.We are meeting at a time of immense challenges to sustainable development.Billions of our citizens continue to live in poverty and are denied a life of dignity.There are rising inequalities within and among countries. Gender inequality remains a key challenge. Unemployment, particularly youth unemployment, is a major concern. Global health threats, more frequent and intense natural disasters, spiraling conflict, violent extremism, terrorism and related humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades.Natural resource depletion and adverse impacts of environmental degradation, including desertification, drought, land degradation,freshwater scarcity and loss of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces.Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to achieve sustainable development.The Millennium Development Goals were agreed 15 years ago provided an important framework for development and significant progress has been made in a number of areas. But the progress has been uneven, particularly in Africa, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries, and small island developing States, and some of the Millennium Development Goalsremain off-track,in particular those related to maternal, newborn and child health and to reproductive health. We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the Millennium Development Goals, including the off-track Millennium Development Goals, in particular by providing focused and scaled-up assistance to least developed countries and other countries in special situations, in line with relevant support programs. The new Agenda builds on the Millennium Development Goals and seeks to complete what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most vulnerable countries.二、英译汉第二篇：出自2010年EconomistEntrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, only half-jokingly, call it the URL strategy.The three letters usually stand for Uniform Resource Locator—the unique address of any file that is accessible via the internet. But in the world of internet start-ups, URL has another meaning: Ubiquity first, Revenue Later. This pretty much describes the strategy of most big online social networks, which over the past few years have concentrated on piling on users rather than worrying aboutprofits.That has allowed them to build huge followings, but it has also raised a big question-mark over their ability to make money from the audiences they have put together.At issue is whether the social-networking industry can come up with a wildly successful form of advertising in the same way that Google has been able to make billions of dollars from the targeted ads that run alongside the search results it serves up. Without such a formula,runs the argument, social networks such as Facebook will never amount to much.Doubters claim that the networks face two big handicaps. The first is that people logged into social-networking sites are there to hang out with their friends, so they will pay no attention to ads. The second is that because the sites let users generate their own content, they will find it hard to attract advertisers because brands will not want to take the risk of appearing alongside examples of profanity,obscenity or nudity—or all three at once.But the broader outlook for networking sites is more encouraging. One reason is that advertisers are being drawn to the leading sites by their sheer scale. Facebook's audience is bigger than any TV network that has ever existed on the face of the earth. Another thing that has attracted companies is the networks' ability to target ads with laser-like precision, thanks to the data they hold on their users' ages, gender, interests and so forth. Although there are still lingering concerns about brands appearing next to racy content, firms seem more willing to run this risk now that the networks' advertising proposition has become more compelling.In addition to advertising-driven business model, networks are already making healthy profits from sales of games and virtual goods. The beauty of this business for social networks is that the cost of producing and storing virtual inventory is minimal. Moreover, because these are closed markets, networks can fix prices at levels that generate fat margins. To some, the notion that big money can be made from selling make-believe items may seem bizarre. But the practice replicates the physical presents that people give to one another to cement relationships in the real world.三、汉译英第一篇：出自中国五矿集团公司介绍本公司是全球最大最强的冶金建设运营服务商，拥有24万在职员工，资产规模超7000亿元，境外机构、资源项目与承建工程遍布全球60多个国家和地区。

2017年5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及解答Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following two passages into Chinese.Passage 1This agenda is a plan of action for people, the planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace and larger freedom. We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development. We are resolved to free the human race from poverty and heal and protect the planet. We are determined to take bold and transformative steps which are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path. The 17 sustainable development goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new global agenda. They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and empowerment for all women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic, social and environmental. The goals will stimulate action over the next 15 years in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet.We are meeting at a time of immense challenges to sustainable development. Billions of our citizens are denied a life of dignity. There are rising inequalities within and among countries. Gender inequality remains a key challenge. Unemployment is a major concern. Global health threats, frequent and intense natural disasters, spiraling conflicts, violent extremism, terrorism and related humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades. Natural resource depletion and the adverse impacts of environmental degradation, including desertification, drought, land degradation, freshwater scarcity and loss of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces. Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time, and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to achieve sustainable development. The survival of many societies and of the biological support systems of the planet are at risk. The Millennium Development Goals identified some 15 years ago provided an important framework for development, and significant progress has been made in a number of areas. But the progress has been uneven, particularly in Africa, the least developed countries, landlocked developing countries, and small-island developing states. And some of the Millennium Development Goals remain off track, in particular those related to maternal, newborn and child health and to reproductive health. We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the Millennium Development Goals, including the off-track Millennium Development Goals, in particular by providing focused and scaled-up assistance to the least developed countries and other countries in specialsituations, in line with relevant support programs. The new agenda builds on the existing Millennium Development Goals and seeks to complete what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most vulnerable countries.官方参照译文:本议程是为人类、地球与繁荣制订的行动计划。

2017年5月CATTI英语二级笔译真题一、英译汉第一篇：出自The 2030 Agenda For Sustainable DevelopmentThis Agenda is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom. We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, including extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development.We are resolved to free the human race from the alleviation of poverty and heal and protect our planet.We are determined to take the bold and transformative steps which are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path.The 17Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new universal Agenda. They seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals and complete what these did not achieve. They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions ofsustainable development: the economic, social and environmental.We are meeting at a time of immense challenges to sustainable development.Billions of our citizens continue to live in poverty and are denied a life of dignity.There are rising inequalities within and among countries. Gender inequality remains a key challenge. Unemployment, particularly youth unemployment, is a major concern. Global health threats, more frequent and intense natural disasters, spiraling conflict, violent extremism, terrorism and related humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades.Natural resource depletion and adverse impacts of environmental degradation, including desertification, drought, land degradation,freshwater scarcity and loss of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanityfaces.Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to achieve sustainable development.The Millennium Development Goals were agreed 15 years ago provided an important framework for development andsignificant progress has been made in a number of areas. But the progress has been uneven, particularly in Africa, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries, and small island developing States, and some of the Millennium Development Goals remain off-track,in particular those related to maternal, newborn and child health and to reproductive health. We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the Millennium Development Goals, including the off-track Millennium Development Goals, in particular by providing focused and scaled-up assistance to least developed countries and other countries in special situations, in line with relevant support programs. The new Agenda builds on the Millennium Development Goals and seeks to complete what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most vulnerable countries.二、英译汉第二篇：出自2010年EconomistEntrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, only half-jokingly, call it the URL strategy.The three letters usually stand for Uniform Resource Locator—the unique address of any file that is accessible via the internet. But in the world of internet start-ups, URL has another meaning: Ubiquity first, Revenue Later. This pretty much describes the strategy of most big online socialnetworks, which over the past few years have concentrated on piling on users rather than worrying about profits.That has allowed them to build huge followings, but it has also raised a big question-mark over their ability to make money from the audiences they have put together.At issue is whether the social-networking industry can come up with a wildly successful form of advertising in the same way that Google has been able to make billions of dollars from the targeted ads that run alongside the search results it serves up. Without such a formula,runs the argument, social networks such as Facebook will never amount to much.Doubters claim that the networks face two big handicaps. The first is that people logged into social-networking sites are there to hang out with their friends, so they will pay no attention to ads. The second is that because the sites let users generate their own content, they will find it hard to attract advertisers because brands will not want to take the risk of appearing alongside examples of profanity,obscenity or nudity—or all three at once.But the broader outlook for networking sites is more encouraging. One reason is that advertisers are being drawn to the leading sites by their sheer scale. Facebook's audience isbigger than any TV network that has ever existed on the face of the earth. Another thing that has attracted companies is the networks' ability to target ads with laser-like precision, thanks to the data they hold on their users' ages, gender, interests and so forth. Although there are still lingering concerns about brands appearing next to racy content, firms seem more willing to run this risk now that the networks' advertising proposition has become more compelling.In addition to advertising-driven business model, networks are already making healthy profits from sales of games and virtual goods. The beauty of this business for social networks is that the cost of producing and storing virtual inventory is minimal. Moreover, because these are closed markets, networks can fix prices at levels that generate fat margins. To some, the notion that big money can be made from selling make-believe items may seem bizarre. But the practice replicates the physical presents that people give to one another to cement relationships in the real world.三、汉译英第一篇：出自中国五矿集团公司介绍本公司是全球最大最强的冶金建设运营服务商，拥有24万在职员工，资产规模超7000亿元，境外机构、资源项目与承建工程遍布全球60多个国家和地区。

The characteristics of the least developed countriesThe main characteristics of the least developed countries 1: continuous high poverty, most of the population is concentrated in rural areas, the total national income and export earnings (particularly dependent on exports of primary products) is heavily dependent on agriculture, a lot of people of lack of food. A landlocked least developed countries, extreme poverty and dependence on agriculture is more serious. In the 49 least developed countries, 32 countries (mostly in Africa) improved the huge debt restricts the development efforts, economic growth and food security Agriculture is the foundation of the economy most of the least developed countries, is the basis for food security and rural development. 2 the slow growth in agriculture, agricultural output and price volatility, these factors still is the main cause of persistent poverty and food insecurity in the least developed countries. Because the world agricultural market is becoming more and more marginal, at the beginning of the 70's the least developed countries in the global agricultural exports accounted for only 5%, while in the late 90's accounted for only 1%.In 2002 the "least developed countries" 3 report described the least developed countries (including the least developed landlocked developing countries and small island developing countries) the main poverty characteristics are: (I) universal - in 1995 - 99 years in these countries on less than a dollar a day people living number is estimated to be307000000 (II); the least developed countries in Africa's poverty is especially serious; (III) is becoming more and more serious, especially in extreme poverty in the least developed countries the increasing incidence of extreme poverty, rather than the least developed countries the rate dropped; (IV) not gay - especially different extreme poverty trends in Asia and Africa (V); heavily dependent on exports of primary products with the relevant (particularly those of the least developed countries by poverty challenge).Nearly 75% of the least developed countries the general population (650000000) of people living in rural areas, economic activity is 71% of the total population relates to agriculture. Therefore, the proportion of agricultural added value in these countries GDP, accounted for 31% of the estimated in 2000. However, although these national economy mainly depends on agriculture and agricultural product export, but exports in 2000 the value of the agricultural product accounts for only 14% of total merchandise exports because mainly dependent on primary export products. In general, these countries experienced extreme poverty the most lasting, in 2000 per capita gross national income of 4 estimates of $259.Since the early 70's, the least developed countries in food shortages population in the proportion of the total population has no big change, in the estimation of 196971 and 1998-2000 was 38%, the absolute numberand not enough food is from 116000000 to 240000000. But at the same time, all the developing countries food shortages population in the proportion of the total population from 37% to 18%.8 moreover, many least developed countries increasingly dependent on imported grain from the grain 60's net export country into 80's, 90's net food importing countries. Due to the market, the greater degree of integration and liberalization of trade, these countries also have the competition of external environment challenge. Many of the least developed countries in the world market and the domestic market competition ability is poor, which is reflected in the rising cost of food imports. According to the current is expected to increase by at least the most underdeveloped countries dependent on food imports in 2015. Most of the less developed countries failed to acquire the existing agricultural technology the most advanced, private investment in agriculture is low. In most of the least developed countries, in the primary agricultural and rural sector virtually no foreign direct investment. The investment gap has not been public investment external assistance. In food deficit countries like the highest (including most of the least developed countries in the agricultural public expenditure), many countries do not reflect the importance of the sector in total income or the potential contribution to alleviate hunger and poverty. 5 in addition,although the amount of commitment to the development of the least developed countries abroad every year from an average of 12900000 a year to $198190 years 199199 year of $15600000, but the proportion in the total commitment of agriculture in the fall 20%. 6The characteristics of the landlocked developing countriesThe 10 landlocked developing countries are very poor, in 2000 per capita gross national income of $356. The total population of the country is 73% in rural areas, 67% of the economically active population in agriculture.16 least developed landlocked developing countries 7 extreme poverty is the most significant in various countries, the per capita gross national income ($186), dependent on agriculture economic activity the highest proportion (82%). The landlocked developing countries are all developing countries in the poorest countries, the economic growth of the weakest, export revenue is heavily dependent on a few commodities limited.The common characteristics of the 11 landlocked developing countries are from the land into the sea, due to the inability to isolate them, and the world market. The transport distance too far in most countries, the difficult terrain and poor road and rail. Kazakhstan is the most isolatedcountries (from the nearest coast 3750 km), followed by Afghanistan, Niger, Chad, Zambia and Zimbabwe - the nearest estuaries are more than 2000 kilometers distance. Africa landlocked developing countries - the highest rate of freight export value, an estimated 40% of export earnings for transportation costs and insurance costs.12 the number of landlocked developing countries share in world imports and exports in a few. However, agricultural trade is an important component of these countries (between landlocked developing countries and transition countries trade not worth mentioning). In 2000, the least developed landlocked developing countries agricultural exports accounted for nearly 37% of total merchandise exports. Landlocked developing countries face high transportation costs often bring restrictions on trade barriers more than most favored nation, it is these countries continue to one of the main reasons for the poor.The 22 FAO according to request to provide technical cooperation to the least developed countries and other developing countries and emergency assistance, financed by the regular program and extra budgetary resources, and bilateral donors, multilateral institutions, other organizations of the United Nations system, the private sector and civil society to provide assistance. Method of least developed countries, landlocked developingcountries and small island developing States commitments made by FAO to implement, item by item to solve specific problems in these countries, taking into account the general characteristics and the specific needs of each country and challenge.23 the challenges facing many least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing countries into for technical assistance and field activities way fao. 10 because of civil strife and natural resources caused byEmergency also influence some of the least developed countries, including the agricultural and rural sector of some of the landlocked developing countries. Many least developed countries, although there are constraints, but has the potential to use the land and reservoir to improve agriculture (crop), the main focus of animal husbandry, fishery and forestry sector productivity - FAO many non emergency technical assistance.24 the organization on whether technical assistance to least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing, is based on the following three goals to provide 11: (I) to ensure that all people at any time to obtain nutrition full, safe, adequate food and foodshortages by 2015 will reduce the number of 50%; (II) contributes to the sustainable agriculture and rural development (including fisheries and Forestry), progress and welfare social economy; (III) the food and agriculture natural resources (including genetic resources conservation and sustainable utilization).。

2017年5月CATTI英语二级笔译真题一、英译汉第一篇：出自The 2030 Agenda For Sustainable DevelopmentThis Agenda is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom. We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, including extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development.We are resolved to free the human race from the alleviation of poverty and heal and protect our planet.We are determined to take the bold and transformative steps which are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path.The 17Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new universal Agenda. They seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals and complete what these did not achieve. They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and environmental.We are meeting at a time of immense challenges to sustainable development.Billions of our citizens continue to live in poverty and are denied a life of dignity.There are rising inequalities within and among countries. Gender inequality remains a key challenge. Unemployment, particularly youth unemployment, is a major concern. Global health threats, more frequent and intense natural disasters, spiraling conflict, violent extremism, terrorism and related humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades.Natural resource depletion and adverse impacts of environmental degradation, including desertification, drought, land degradation,freshwater scarcity and loss of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces.Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to achieve sustainable development.The Millennium Development Goals were agreed 15 years ago provided an important framework for development and significant progress has been made in a number of areas. But the progress has been uneven, particularly in Africa, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries, and small island developing States, and some of the Millennium Development Goalsremain off-track,in particular those related to maternal, newborn and child health and to reproductive health. We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the Millennium Development Goals, including the off-track Millennium Development Goals, in particular by providing focused and scaled-up assistance to least developed countries and other countries in special situations, in line with relevant support programs. The new Agenda builds on the Millennium Development Goals and seeks to complete what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most vulnerable countries.二、英译汉第二篇：出自2010年EconomistEntrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, only half-jokingly, call it the URL strategy.The three letters usually stand for Uniform Resource Locator—the unique address of any file that is accessible via the internet. But in the world of internet start-ups, URL has another meaning: Ubiquity first, Revenue Later. This pretty much describes the strategy of most big online social networks, which over the past few years have concentrated on piling on users rather than worrying aboutprofits.That has allowed them to build huge followings, but it has also raised a big question-mark over their ability to make money from the audiences they have put together.At issue is whether the social-networking industry can come up with a wildly successful form of advertising in the same way that Google has been able to make billions of dollars from the targeted ads that run alongside the search results it serves up. Without such a formula,runs the argument, social networks such as Facebook will never amount to much.Doubters claim that the networks face two big handicaps. The first is that people logged into social-networking sites are there to hang out with their friends, so they will pay no attention to ads. The second is that because the sites let users generate their own content, they will find it hard to attract advertisers because brands will not want to take the risk of appearing alongside examples of profanity,obscenity or nudity—or all three at once.But the broader outlook for networking sites is more encouraging. One reason is that advertisers are being drawn to the leading sites by their sheer scale. Facebook's audience is bigger than any TV network that has ever existed on the face of the earth. Another thing that has attracted companies is the networks' ability to target ads with laser-like precision, thanks to the data they hold on their users' ages, gender, interests and so forth. Although there are still lingering concerns about brands appearing next to racy content, firms seem more willing to run this risk now that the networks' advertising proposition has become more compelling.In addition to advertising-driven business model, networks are already making healthy profits from sales of games and virtual goods. The beauty of this business for social networks is that the cost of producing and storing virtual inventory is minimal. Moreover, because these are closed markets, networks can fix prices at levels that generate fat margins. To some, the notion that big money can be made from selling make-believe items may seem bizarre. But the practice replicates the physical presents that people give to one another to cement relationships in the real world.三、汉译英第一篇：出自中国五矿集团公司介绍本公司是全球最大最强的冶金建设运营服务商，拥有24万在职员工，资产规模超7000亿元，境外机构、资源项目与承建工程遍布全球60多个国家和地区。