2018年专四真题虚拟语气和情态动词 章振邦语法书页数标注

2018最新命题题库大全2018-2018高考英语试题分项解析汇编专题18 情态动词与虚拟语气（2018江苏卷,34﹚——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave itto a railway official.——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.A. will have stolenB. might have stolenC. should have stolenD. must have stolen【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。

【解析】句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。

但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。

——失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。

”will have done将来可以完成，must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。

should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。

might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。

（2018福建卷,25﹚——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?——I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .A.willB.mustC.mayD.can【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词的用法。

【解析】句意为“——需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗？——恐怕你得这样做，以防他开会迟到。

”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。

根据后半句，选B。

（2018福建卷,34﹚——Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.——I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A.attendedB.had attendedC.would sttendD.would haveattended【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。

2018年英语专业四级TEM-4真题及解析2018 年英语专业四级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART Ⅰ DICTATION [10 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.【答案与解析】Emotional Reaction to Music①No matter who you are, where you live, or what your cultural background is, people get some pleasure from listening to their favorite music. ②However, some people are simply not capable of enjoying music. ③This is not because they can‘t experience pleasure at all. ④They don‘ have trouble hearing music properly, either. ⑤Instead, they‘re just indifferent to music. ⑥Researchers have conducted studies to find out why some people have no emotional reaction to music. ⑦However, despite their efforts, the mystery r emains.【难点点评】1）句②中，capable 意为“能干的”，与“of”连用“表示能……的”，注意“of”不要遗漏。

专四语法（虚拟语气）虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

eg. If he comes, he will bring his violin.典型例题The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.A.will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained答案B。

真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。

注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。

从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。

条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形⏹If I had time, I would do it again.⏹If I had known of your arrival, I should have met you at the station.⏹If she had further considered the problem, she might have come to the correctconclusion.真题举例：1. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _____ quite such a crowd people there.（00, 49）[C]A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. w ouldn’t be2. If your car _____ during the first 12 months,take it to an authorized dealer.（98, 43）[B]A. shall needB. should needC. would needD. will need3. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.(09, 52) [B]A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been4. _____ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.(02, 60）[A]A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not5. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _____ able to advise you much better than I can. (05, 51) [A]A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were6. I was to have made a speech if _____. (97, 51) [C]A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。

第五节情态动词和虚拟语气解题攻略技法指导［对应学生用书P172］［基础考法］对于情态动词，通常是在具体的语境（尤其是对话）中考查其基本含义。

个别高频情态动词在特殊语境下的特殊含义（如：must “非得；偏要”，should "竟然”，shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、命令、威胁、允诺、规定等）是高考的热点和难点。

常见情态动词的基本用法是高考考查的重点。

（1）表示推测（可能性）对于情态动词表示推测的考查多以填空的形式出现，其特点有三：一是空格后紧跟动词原形；二是结合具体的语境命题；三是侧重must，can，could，may, might，should表示推测时在语气和句式上的差异。

典型例题（2015 •高考重庆卷改编）You be Carol.You have n't cha nged a bit after all these years.解析：句意：你一定是卡罗尔。

这么多年后你一点儿都没变。

根据语境可知，此处应该用情态动词表示推测，由下文“这么多年后你一点儿都没变”可推知此处为非常肯定的猜测。

故填must，意为“一定”。

考法总结：空后为动词原形，故此处只能填助动词或情态动词；根据下文内容可知此处是说话人的猜测，因为有“据”可循，所以非常肯定，故填语气最为强烈的情态动词must，意为 '一■定。

（2）表示必要性、义务、责任等主要集中在考查must（意为“必须” ），should和need等的用法上。

[典型例题2]（2016 •高考北京卷改编）1 love the weekend , because I ___________get up early on Saturdays and Sun days.解析：句意：我喜欢周末，因为在周六、日我不必早起。

根据句意可知填need n't ,意为“不必”。

考法总结：根据考题要求，无提示词填空题只填1个词，所以此处不能填do n't have to。

2018英语专四试题2 QUESTION BOOKLET TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART I DICTATION [10 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. Y ou will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE试卷用后随即销毁。

英语专业四级语言知识题及答案解析做学问的功夫，是细嚼慢咽的功夫。

好比吃饭一样，要嚼得烂，方好消化，才会对人体有益。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2018年英语专业四级语言知识题及答案解析，希望能给大家带来帮助!1.____in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown.A. Unpopular has as white been ?B. White has been as unpopularC. Unpopular has been as white ?D. Unpopular as white has been2.____for a long time, the fields are all dried up.A. There has been no rain ?B. Having no rainC. There having been no rain?D. There being no rain3. The millions of calculations involved, ____by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.A. had they been done ?B. they had been doneC. having been done ?D. they were done4. Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment____.A. which they are happening ?B. they are happeningC. which they happen ?D. they have happened5.____me most was that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.A. That amazedB. It amazed?C. Which amazedD. What amazed6. Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very young, ____she was twenty?five.A. her first real success did not come untilB. her real first success came until notC. since her first real success did not come untilD. not until her first real success7. You should know better than____ your little sister at home by herself.A. to leaveB. leavingC. to have leftD. left8. As the train will not leave until one hour later, we ____graba bite at the snack bar.A. may wellB. just as well ?C. might as wellD. as well9. She resorted to ____ when she had no money to buy foods for her children.A. have stolenB. stealC. stoleD. stealing10. The boy has admitted to ____ the window while playing football yesterday.A. breakingB. having been broken ?C. breakD. be breaking11. Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets ____in transit.A. misusedB. mishandledC. mistakenD. mislaid12.____money, she is quite rich. However, this does not mean that she is happy.A. ConcerningB. As to ?C. In terms ofD. In the light of13. A well?written composition ____good choice of words and clear organization among other things.A. calls forB. calls onC. calls upD. calls off14. It is ____with the customer not to let the shop assistants guess what she really likes and wants until the last moment.A. in her honorB. on her honorC. a point of honorD. an honor15. This house will probably come on the ____next month.A. fairB. marketC. shopD. store16. George was introduced to ____activities at a young age,when she was hire to act as a lookout for drugdealers.A. illegalB. lawfulC. faithfulD. peaceful17. An institution that properly carries the name university isa more comprehensive and complex institution than any other kind of higher education____.A. settlementB. establishmentC. costructionD. structure18. People’s status in society is frequently ____by how much they own.A. measuredB. examinedC. testedD. questioned19. Jack is so ____to his appearance that he never has his clothes pressed.A. adverseB. anonymousC. indifferentD. casual20. There is an increasing ____to make movies describing violence.A. strengthB. directionC. traditionD. trend答案与解析1. D) 【句意】虽然白色过去不受欢迎，但目前它是婚纱的首选颜色。

2018年英语专业四级考试真题答案与解析PART I DICTATIONEmotional Reaction to MusicNo matter who you are,where you live,/or what your cultural background is,/people get some pleasure from listening to their favorite music./However,some people are simply not capable of enjoying music./This is not because they can’t experience pleasure at all./They don’t have trouble hearing music properly,either./ Instead,they’re just indifferent to music./Researchers have conducted studies to find out/why some people have no emotional reaction to music./However,despite their efforts,the mystery remains.音乐的情绪反应无论是何身份，住处，或者文化背景，人们听到喜欢的音乐都会心情舒畅。

然而，有些人就是没办法欣赏音乐。

这并不是因为他们完全不能体会快乐，也不是因为不能听音乐。

而是他们对音乐不敏感。

研究者们做了很多研究，想要探究为什么有些人对音乐不能产生情感上的反应。

然而，无论他们做多少工作，还是解不开谜团。

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A Talk1.seven2.sounds3.cognitive4.a sound changes5.six-month-old6.discriminate the sounds7.their first birthdays/one year old8.totally equivalent9.quite/obviously different10.taking statistics听力原文The Linguistic Gift of BabiesGood morning,everyone.In today’s lecture,I’m going to talk about something you can’t see.That is,what’s going on in the little brain of a baby.For example,how babies learn a language.It is always a question people show great interest in.Babies and children are geniuses until they turn seven,and then there’s a systematic decline.Work in my lab is focused on the first critical period in development,and that is the period in which babies try to master which sounds are used in their language.We think,by studying how the sounds are learned,we’ll have a model for the rest of language,and perhaps for critical periods that may exist in childhood for social, emotional and cognitive development.So we’ve been studying the babies by conducting an experiment.During our experiment,the baby,usually a six-monther,sits on a parent’s lap,and we train them to turn their heads when a sound changes—like from“ah”to“ee”.If they do so at the appropriate time,the black box lights up and a panda bear pounds a drum.What have we learned?Well,babies all over the world are what I like to describe as“citizens of the world”. They can discriminate all the sounds of all languages,no matter what country we’re testing and what language we’re using,and that’s remarkable because you know,I can’t do that.We’re culture-bound listeners.We can discriminate the sounds of our own language,but not those of foreign languages.So the question arises:When do those citizens of the world turn into the language-bound listeners that we are?And the answer:before their first birthdays.What you see here is performance on that head-turn task for babies tested in Tokyo and the United States,here in Seattle,as they listened to the“ra”and“la”—sounds important to English,but not to Japanese.So at six to eight months,the babies are totally equivalent.Two months later,something,something incredible occurs.The babies in the United States are getting a lot better while babies in Japan are getting a lot worse.So the question is:What’s happening during this critical two-month period?We know this is the critical period for sound development,but what’s going on up there?Maybe there are two things going on.The first is that the babies are listening intently to us,and they’re taking statistics as they listen to us talk—they’re taking statistics.That is to say,the two babies listen to their own mother speaking motherese—the universal language we use when we talk to kids.During the production of speech,when babies listen,what they’re doing is taking statistics,that is,sound distribution on the language that they hear.And those sound distributions grow and babies absorb more.And what we’ve learned is that babies are sensitive to the statistics,and the statistics of Japanese and English are very,very different.I mean,the sound distribution of both languages is different.So babies absorb the statistics of the language and it changes their brains;it changes them from the citizens of the world to the culture-bound listeners that we are because we as adults are no longer absorbing those statistics.In this case,of course,we’re arguing that the learning of language material may slow down when our distribution stabilizes.OK.Today,we just talked about a recent project on babies’language development.In our next lecture,we will concentrate on bilingual people,how bilinguals keep two sets of statistics in mind at once.听力翻译婴儿的语言天赋大家早上好。

2018全国高考汇编之虚构语气+神态动词一（2018安徽卷）30．People are recycling many things which they away in the past.A. had thrownB. will be throwingC. were throwingD. would have thrown【考点】观察神态动词用法【答案】D【分析】句义：人们作者回收利用他们过去常常会抛弃的东西。

Would have done过去常常做某事；是对过去发生的事情的推断。

假如不适应神态动词，能够使用一般过去时threw。

故D正确。

【贯通融会】I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.A. had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come【答案】D【考点】观察虚构语气的用法。

【分析】句意为“我原来能够早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。

”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，所以前句是对过去的虚构，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，应选D。

二（2018北京卷）27. ________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should【考点】观察神态动词词义辨析【答案】A【分析】此题观察的是神态动词基本义义辨析。

Can能够，可能；must一定，必定；非得；shall将要；should应当；句意：我能够和你说说吗？不会花好多时间的。

依据句意可知此题使用can I…？表示咨询对方能否赞同。

如：Can I use your dictionary?我能够使用你的词典吗？故A正确。

三（2018北京卷）34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be【考点】观察虚构语气【答案】D【分析】此题观察的是if条件状语从句的虚构语气。

20GG-2018专四语法动词虚拟语气真题汇总201820. MP mother was determined to help those in need and shewould have been immenselP proud of what has been achievedthese last 20 Pears. The italicized part in the sentence eGpresses_______.A. a hPpothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise2017年15.“IfIwere P ou,Iwouldn’twaittoproposetoher.”Thesubjunctivemoodi nthesentenceisusedto _____ .A.alleviatehostilitPB.eGpressunfavorablefeelingsC.indicateuncertaintPD.makeasuggestion16.“It’sashamethatthecitPofficialshouldhavegonebac konhisword.”The modalauGiliarPSHOULDeGpress _____ .A.obligationB.disappointmentC.futureinthepastD.tentativeness19.A tthatmoment,withthecrowdwatchingme,IwasnotafraidintheordinarPsense,asI __________________________________________________________________________ afraidA.wouldhavebeen...hadbeenB.shouldbe...hadbeenC.couldbe...wereD.mighthavebeen...were2016年20.Thesentence IwishIhadbeenmorecarefulinspendingmoneP.eGpressest hespeaker's_____.A.hopeB.joPC.regretD.relief2015年58.IfPoueGplainedthesituationtoPourlawPer,he_____abletoadvisePoumuc hbetterthanIcan.A.willbeB.wasC.wouldbeD.were20GG年51.Itisessentialthathe_______allthefactsfirst.A.iseGaminingB.willeGamineC.eGaminesD.eGamine20GG年54.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?______.A.LucP insistedthathersongethomebefore5o’clock?B.Sheusedtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitPmetro.C.Walkstraightahead,anddon'tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.D.PaulwillcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabPFridaP.63.Ifit______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.A.weretorainB.wastorainC.wasrainingD.hadrained20GG年54．MPbossorderedthatthelegaldocuments____tohimbeforelunch．A．besentB．weresentC．weretobesentD．mustbesent20GG年61.It’sgettinglate.I’drather Pou______now.A.leftB.leaveC.areleavingD.willleave20GG年60.ItisnecessarPthathe____theassignmentwithoutdelaP.A.handinB.handsinC.musthandinD.hastohandin20GG年52.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English_____mucheasiertolearn.A.couldhavebeenB.wouldbeC.willbeD.wouldhavebeen20GG年52.HadJudPbeenmorecarefulonthemathseGam,she________muchbetterr esultsnow.A.wouldbegettingB.couldhavegotC.mustgetD.wouldget20GG年54.IfonlPthepatient________adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiot ics,hemightstillbealivenow.A.hadreceivedB.receivedC.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving60.Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe________toquitandfin dajobtosupporthisfamilP.A.hadhadB.hasC.hadD.wouldhave65.ItisabsolutelPessentialthatWilliam________hisstudPinspiteofsomelearn ingdifficulties.A.willcontinueB.continuedC.continueD.continues20GG年52. IfonlPI________plaPtheguitaraswellasPou!A.wouldB.couldC.shouldD.might54. It'shightimewe________cuttingdowntherainforests.A.stoppedB.hadtostopC.shallstopD.stop57. Iamsurprised________thiscitPisadullplacetolivein.A.thatPoushouldthinkB.bPwhatPouarethinkingC.thatPouwouldthinkD.withwhatPouwerethinking59.Itisimperativethatthegovernment________moreinvestmentintotheship buildingindustrP.A.attractsB.shallattractC.attractD.hasto20GG年51.IfPoueGplainedthesituationtoPoursolicitor,he________abletoadvisePou muchbetterthanIcan.A.wouldbeB.willhavebeenC.wasD.were60.Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe________us.Ithinkit'shightimewe________stron gactionsagainsthim.A.betraP ed…takeB.hadbetra P ed…tookC.hasbetra P ed…tookD.hasbetra Pe d…take63.________Pou________furtherproblemswithPourprinter,contactPourdeale rforadvice.A.If,had.B.Have,had.C.Should,have.D.Incase,had.20GG年42. ________,I'llmarrPhimallthesame.A.Washerichorpoor.B.Whetherrichorpoor.C.Wereherichorpoor.D.Beheric horpoor.44.________ifIhadarrivedPesterdaPwithoutlettingPouknowbeforehand?A.WouldPoubesurprised.B.WerePousurprised.C.HadPoubeensurprised.D.WouldPouhavebeensurprised.46.Itisimperativethatstudents________theirtermpapersontime.A.handinB.wouldhandinC.havetohandinD.handedin20GG年47. TheopeningceremonPisagreatoccasion.Itisessential________forthat.A.forustobepreparedB.thatwearepreparedC.ofustobepreparedD.ourbein gprepared20GG年50. ________forthefactthatshebrokeherleg,shemighthavepassedtheeGam.A.Haditnotbeen.B.Hadn'titbeen.C.Wasitnot.D.Wereitnot.20GG年20GG年49.AllofuswouldhaveenjoPedthepartPmuchmoreifthere________quitesuc hacrowdofpeoplethere.A.weren'tB.hasn'tbeenC.hadn'tbeenD.wouldn'tbe。

PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A B C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. The Bent Pyramid outsi de Cairo __________ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to build a smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to beTo have done【解析】本题考查非谓语动词中不定式的用法，属于专四语法高频考点，考点拓展：不定式的完成时to have done表示三种意思，第一，跟在表示情感类的词后，比如sorry happy blessed。

第二，跟在表示观点的谓语动词，比如is said/ thought/believed to have done 第三，跟在表示推断类的谓语动词之后seem/appear等。

本题意思：据说开罗外的金字塔是古代埃及人的一次尝试，尝试建立一个smooth-sided金字塔。

is believed to have been 为什么是is believed 这里表示现在人们也是这么认为，所以is believed 用的是现在时态，to have been 表示“尝试”这个动作发生的时态在被认为之前，当然是古老的埃及人们做了这个尝试之后，才有后来的人们的“据说”。

Subjunctive mood(P122, p. 129. P 143 动词过去完成体P181-190, 395)条件句14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.” The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. (p128) 2017A. past event for exact time referenceB. present event for tentativenessC. present event for uncertaintyD. past event for politenessV. in specific contexts, the simple past can also denote the present or the future time. There are two uses. One is known as the attitudinal past (属于“表态性过去时” (attitudinal past), 即表示说话人当前的试探性态度, 而非过去时间, 多用于表示意愿或心理状态的动词) , that is , the past tense is associated with the present time in independent clauses expressing a question, request or suggestion. Its effect is to make the question/request/suggestion less direct, implying a polite, somewhat tentative attitude试探性态度，婉转语气on the part of the speaker.A: Did you want me?B.Yes, I wondered if you could give me some help .Want, wonder, think, hopeThe other is what we call the hypothetical past.The simple past refers not to a fact but to a non-fact, and is typically found in that-clauses following such constructions asIt’s time….I wishI’d ratherSupposeAs if15. “If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to propose to her.” The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to ____D______.183A. alleviate hostilityB. express unfavorable feelingsC. indicate uncertaintyD. make a suggestionWere-subjunctive has only on form were, which applies to subjects of all persons, is hypothetical or unreal in meaningIf, if only, as if, as though, though,Wish, would rather, suppose, imagine,As it were( so to speak)宛如，好比54.If only the patient ______a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now. P 186 2007A.had receivedB.receivedC.should receiveD.were receiving正确答案为A). If only引导的虚拟语气,解释为”要是…该多好啊!”. 与现在的事实相反的则if only后接过去式did,和过去事实相反的则接过去完成时had done. 这里是说要是这个病人接受了不同的治疗方式(其实那个时候并没有接受),与过去事实相反用过去完成时. 句意: 如果那个病人不使用抗生素而是采用其他疗法,他现在可能还活着呢.51.If only I ______ play the guitar as well as you! 2006 P 186 P192A wouldB couldC shouldD might52. 正确答案为B). could表示能够,是一种一般能力. 表示具体能力用be able to . p. 192 If only引导的虚拟语气,表示”要是….该多好啊!”. 句意: 要是我能像你那样把吉他弹得那么好该多好啊!3. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ____ able to advise you much better than I can. （2005年51题）2015A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were15. If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he _______ able to advise you much better than I can. (2015)(395/381)2005A. will beB. wasC. would beD. were[译文]如果你把情况向你的事务律师说明，他会比我更能给你提出好的建议。

（完整版）2018.4.21大学英语专业四级真题语言知识部分答案详细解析2018.4.21 大学英语专业四级真题语言知识部分答案详细解析11.The Bent Pyramid outside Cario ______ ancient Egypt pyramid.A.has been believed to have beenB.was believed to beC.is believed to have been believed to be ’ s first attempt to-sidebuild a smooth解析： C. is believed to have been. 位于 Cariof 附近的弯曲金字塔被认为是古埃及第一次尝试建造的一个表面光滑的金字塔。

背景相关知识，弯曲金字塔，是公元前2600 年由第一位法老萨夫罗修建的，位于距离 Cario 西南 27 公里处的地区，它是仅存的表面平滑金字塔之一，塔身弯曲。

考点分析，sb/sth be believed to do/to be doing/tohave done用法 , sb/sth be believed todo(将来时态，代表某人某物被认为将要做某事），Lucy is believed to go to London. Lucy 被认为将要去伦敦。

（没去）；sb/sth be believed to be doing(现在时态，某人或某事物正在做某事) ，Lucy is believed to going to London. Lucy 被认为正在去伦敦的路上。

（在去的路上）；sb/sth be believed to have done(过去时态，代表某人某事物被认为应该做过某事)，Lucy isbelieved to have gone to London. Lucy 被认为去过伦敦。

（已经去了）。

拓展句型，The refugees from Syria are believed to have committedvarious crimes in Germany sinceJune 2015. 人们相信叙利亚来的难民自 2015 年 6 月份以来已经在德国犯下了各种罪行。

Subjunctive Mood1. 语气Mood语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对一事物和人的态度和看法。

包括陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气三种。

陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。

②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！祈使语气祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。

① Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。

② Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。

虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。

②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。

③May you succeed!祝您成功！虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达未能成为事实或者不可能成为事实的情况，或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况。

此外还可用来表示命令、建议、设想、祝愿（或could have done 本来可以- - -might have done 本来可能- - -should / ought to have done 本来应该做- - -shouldn’t / ought not to have done 本不该做- -你本不应该告诉她真相。

You shouldn’t have told her the truth .needn’t have done 本不必做- - -比较：didn’t need to do 没必要做也没有做- - -我没必要擦窗户。

2000-2018历年专四语法动词虚拟语气真题编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2000-2018历年专四语法动词虚拟语气真题）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2000-2018历年专四语法动词虚拟语气真题的全部内容。

2000-2018专四语法动词虚拟语气真题汇总201820.My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last20years.The italicizedpart in the sentence expresses_______。

A。

a hypothesis B。

a suggestion C.a contradiction D。

a surprise2017年15。

“If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to propose to her." The subjunctive mood in the sentence is usedto ____ .A.alleviate hostilityB.express unfavorable feelingsC.indicate uncertaintyD.make a suggestion16。

“It’s a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word。

专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气2018年高考题1.2018·江苏24. It’s strange that he _______have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might答案B点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。

It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。

但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。

试比较： It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪。

） It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. （虚拟语气，说话者是在责备他本不应该犯错。

）2.2018·江苏27. There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to bee more involved.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. have had答案A解析考查虚拟语气。

句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。

本题考查wish引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过去时。

故选A。

点睛：本题考查wish引导的虚拟语气。

由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气：1．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。

2．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might 动词原形。

英语专四词汇语法辅导试题及答案2018年英语专四词汇语法辅导试题及答案人不能象走兽那样活着，应该追求知识和美德。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的.2018年英语专四词汇语法辅导试题及答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!1. It was not until midnight the camping site.A. that they reachedB. that they did not reachC. did they reachD. did they not reach2. It is predicated that existing reserves of fossil fuel by 2045.A. have been run outB. are going to be run outC. will have run outD. have run out3. Only by increasing its exports drastically from the present trade imbalance.A. the country can emergeB. the country might emergeC. can the country emergeD. the country might emerged4. The more acid you add to the solution， it becomes.A. cloudierB. the cloudiestC. more cloudyD. the cloudier5. The lecture said “It‘s time you the literature review.”A. beganB. should beginC. beginD. are beginning6. way you do it， the answer is always the same.A. HoweverB. WhicheverC. WhoeverD. Why ever7. producing methane， the process also produces carbon monoxide.A. ApartB. As wellC. BesidesD. In addition8. Einstein， changed our ways of seeing the universe， did not learn to read until he was ten.A. which theoriesB. that his theoriesC. whose theoriesD. who theories9. It is not so much the language the legal jargons that makesthe book difficult to understand.A. butB. norC. asD. like10. The shop has sold many refrigerators of this kind and the rest on sale today.A. isB. hasC. haveD. are11.The owner and captain refused to leave ship which was sinking.A. hisB. aC. theirD. /12. The petrol station lies within of Victoria‘s farm.A. fifteen-minute-driveB. fifteen minutes‘ driveC. fifteen minute‘s driveD. fifteen minutes drive13. Some of his answers were correct，but I don‘t remember .A. what oneB. which oneC. fewD. not14. There is man downstairs waiting for you.A. anyB. someC. fewD. not15. This CD costs me the one I bought the other day.A. as much as three timesB. as much money as three timesC. three times as much asD. three times as expensive as参考答案：ACCDA BCCCD ABDBC。