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结构工程师社招面试英文自我介绍Good morning/afternoon/evening,My name is [Your Name], and I am here today to introduce myself for the position of Structural Engineer. I have a strong passion for structural engineering, and I am excited to have the opportunity to join your esteemed organization.I hold a Bachelor's degree in Civil Engineering from [Name of University]. During my academic years, I developed a solid foundation in structural analysis, design principles, and construction techniques. I also gained practical experience through internships where I had the chance to work on various projects, including high-rise buildings and bridges.After completing my education, I joined [Name of Company/Organization] as a Junior Structural Engineer. In this role, I was responsible for conducting structural analysis, preparing design calculations, and coordinating with architects and other engineering disciplines to ensure seamless project execution. I also had the opportunity to use software such as ETABS, SAP2000, and AutoCAD to create detailed structural drawings and models.In my time at [Name of Company/Organization], I successfully contributed to the completion of several notable projects. One of the highlights of my career was working on a large-scale commercial complex, where I was involved in designing the structural system that could withstand high wind loads and seismic forces. This experience not only enhanced my technical skills but also fostered my ability to work effectively in a team environment.As a structural engineer, I believe that attention to detail, strong analytical skills, and effective communication are essential. I am proficient in using industry-standard software and have a deep understanding of relevant building codes and regulations. Moreover, I am always eager to learn and stay updated with the latest advancements in the field of structural engineering.Besides my technical expertise, I am a dedicated and reliable professional. I am able to manage multiple tasks simultaneously, prioritize effectively, and meet deadlines without compromising the quality of my work. I am also a great team player, actively collaborating with colleagues to find innovative solutions and achieve project objectives.In conclusion, I am confident that my academic background, practical experience, and passion for structural engineering make me a suitable candidate for the role of a Structural Engineer. I am eager to contribute my skills and knowledge to your organization and be part of a team that creates exceptional structures.Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how my qualifications align with your requirements in more detail.Thank you.。
结构工程（Structural Engineering）（世毕盟留学）国内说起结构，主要指的是建筑结构(Building Structure)，比如分成混凝土，钢结构什么的；另外国内还设有防震减灾这个专业。
美国的结构工程范畴要稍微大一些，除了我们意义上的结构外，还包括地震工程，力学。
特别值得一说的是，桥梁也是结构工程的一部分，而不像国内，把桥与路放在一起。
结构的研究生在美国很好找工作。
从前一次的招聘会来看，凡是来土木要人的基本上都会要结构的学生。
因此，结构方向攻读硕士学位的美国人是相当多的。
如果大家看US News每年发布的排名的话，那么注意力可能会集中在前十左右的学校上。
其实，排名不代表全部；没有排进前十的学校未必实力就逊色一筹。
1、University of California-Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校)世界顶级名校之一，应该是公认的土木最强学校（虽然今年不知怎么被排在第二）,结构工程自然是其强项，SAP和Etabs就是它的成果之一。
伯克利的抗震实验室真是无法比拟的，加之其地处加州——最活跃的地震带之一——这种地质环境为其创造了天然的条件。
PEER实验室(Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research)在地震工程方面创下了不可磨灭的贡献，其建立的地震记录数据库是学者们不可多得的宝贵资源。
2、University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺大学厄本纳-尚佩恩分校)今年的NO.1。
不用说，UIUC工科的确超强，放在前五是没有人提异议的。
在结构方面，领军人物Spencer可谓是结构界的一名泰斗级人物。
UIUC在结构方面有好几个实验室，包括MAE(Mid-America Earthquake Center),SSTL(Smart Structure Technology Laboratory)几个在不同领域有分量的分支。
土木工程（英文：Civil Engineering）是建造各类工程设施的科学技术的统称。
它既指所应用的材料、设备和所进行的勘测、设计、施工、保养、维修等技术活动，也指工程建设的对象。
即建造在地上或地下、陆上或水中，直接或间接为人类生活、生产、军事、科研服务的各种工程设施，例如房屋、道路、铁路、管道、隧道、桥梁、运河、堤坝、港口、电站、飞机场、海洋平台、给水排水以及防护工程结构工程是土木工程的六个二级学科之一。
研究土木工程中具有共性的结构选型、力学分析、设计理论和建造技术和管理的学科。
结构工程学是用力学的方法来分析建筑物（如：房屋、桥梁、水坝等）和构筑物（如：挡土墙、烟囱、构架等）在各种荷载作用下的内力和变形，通过控制结构的内力和变形，达到结构在施工和使用过程中保证一定安全可靠度的目的。
结构工程分支：钢筋混凝土学钢结构设计预应力混凝土设计地震工程桥梁工程建筑工程Civil Engineering is called by a joint name of science and technology of building all kinds of Engineering facilities .It refers to the application of materials, equipment and conducted reconnaissance, design, construction, maintenance, repair, and other technical activities, also refers to the construction of the object. Is built on the ground or underground, on land or water, directly or indirectly for human life, production, military, scientific research and service of all kinds of engineering facilities, such as houses, roads, railways, pipelines, tunnels, bridges, canals, dams, ports, power stations, airports, offshore engineering, water supply and drainage and protectionAnd structural engineering is one of six secondary discipline of civil engineering. It is a discipline of study the common in selection of the structure, mechanics analysis and design theory and construction technology and management. Structure engineering uses the method of mechanics to analyze the building (such as houses, Bridges, dams, etc.) and structures (such as retaining wall, chimney, architecture, etc.) which are under various load of the internal force and deformation, by controlling the internal force and deformation of the structure, to achieve structure in the process of construction and for the purpose of the guarantee of safety reliability.At last ,structural engineering have some branches as follow ;Reinforced concrete learning ,Steel structure design ,Prestressed concrete design ,Earthquakeengineering ,Bridge engineering ,Construction engineering .。
英语课程中的工程技术基础词汇在工程领域的学习和实践中，掌握基础的工程技术词汇对于提高学习效果和专业素养至关重要。
在英语课程中，学习和掌握与工程技术相关的词汇同样重要。
本文将介绍一些在英语课程中常见的工程技术基础词汇，以帮助学习者更好地理解和应用这些词汇。
一、施工工艺（Construction Techniques）1. 基础工程（Foundation Engineering）- 研究土壤和岩石的性质以及建筑物基础的设计与建造。
2. 结构工程（Structural Engineering）- 研究建筑物和桥梁等结构体系的设计和施工。
3. 混凝土技术（Concrete Technology）- 研究混凝土的性质、配合比和施工等相关技术。
4. 钢结构技术（Steel Structure Technology）- 研究钢结构的设计、制造和施工。
5. 土木工程（Civil Engineering）- 研究公共基础设施（如道路、桥梁、渠道等）的设计和施工。
二、测量与测绘（Surveying and Mapping）1. 三角测量（Trigonometric Surveying）- 利用三角形的几何原理进行测量和定位。
2. 地形测量（Topographic Surveying）- 测绘地表地形、地势和自然特征的方法和技术。
3. 全站仪（Total Station）- 可以测量距离、角度和高差等参数的仪器设备。
4. GPS定位（Global Positioning System）- 利用全球卫星定位系统进行测量和定位。
5. GIS地理信息系统（Geographic Information System）- 结合地图和数据分析的计算机系统，用于存储、管理和分析地理信息。
三、工程材料（Engineering Materials）1. 混凝土（Concrete）- 由水泥、砂、骨料等按一定比例配制而成的建筑材料。
2. 钢铁（Steel）- 一种常见的金属材料，用于制作结构框架、钢筋等。
结构专业常⽤英语词汇结构专业常⽤英语词汇1. ⼀般术语房屋建筑⼯程building engineering ⼟⽊⼯程civil engineering 建构筑物construction works 结构structure基础foundation地基ground; foundation soils ⽊结构timber structure 砌体结构masonry structure 钢结构steel structure 混凝⼟结构concrete structure 特种结构special engineering structure房屋建筑building⼯业建筑industrial building 民⽤建筑civil building⽔⼯建筑物marine structure 剪⼒墙结构shear wall structure 混合结构mixed structure 板柱结构slab-column system 框架结构frame structure 壳结构shell structure 拱结构arch strucuture桁架结构truss⽹架结构space grid structure 悬索结构cable-suspended structure 框架-剪⼒墙结构frame-shear wallstructure筒体结构tube structure ⾼耸结构high-rise structure 斜拉桥cable stayed bridge 悬索桥suspension bridge 桁架桥trussed bridge 拱桥arch bridge 引桥approach span 桥墩pier 隧道tunnel 混凝⼟坝concrete dam 渠道channel2. 结构构件构件member 部件component; assembly parts 梁beam截⾯section 板slab; plate 柱column 墙wall 壳shell 桁架truss框架frame刚架rigid frame排架bent frame简⽀梁 simply supported beam 悬臂梁cantilever beam 连续梁continuous beam 叠合梁superposed beam 伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint 截⽔沟(天沟)catch ditch;intercepting channel 排⽔沟 drainage ditch 护坡slope protection;revetment 挡⼟墙retaining wall ⽌⽔sealing; seal;节点joint 桩pile沉降缝settlement joint 防震缝aseismic joint施⼯缝construction joint基础梁foundation beam桩承台pile cap; bearing platform底板 bottom slab⽔池顶板basin top slab现浇墙板cast-in-place wall panel预制墙板pre-cast wall panel钢筋混凝⼟框架reinforced concreteframe钢筋混凝⼟柱reinforced concretecolumn先张法预应⼒混凝⼟管桩pretensioned spunconcrete piles钢筋混凝⼟现浇板cast-in-placereinforced concreteslab斜梁 stringer平台梁 beams of platform⼥⼉墙 parapet⼈孔盖板 manhole cover集⽔坑catchment pit溢流槽 flood relief channel 爬梯 ladder⽜腿 bracket仪表槽盒⽀架instrument trench support电缆⽀架cable trench support ⽀撑brace⽀架support3. 结构材料预埋件embedded plate钢板steel plate钢圆环 steel ring plate⾬⽔篦⼦板 rain water grating 钢筋reinforcing bar I 级 grade I热轧光圆钢筋hot rolled plainsteel bars热轧带肋钢筋hot rolled ribbedsteel bars插筋anchor rebar钢筋锚固长度bond length of rebars钢筋搭接bar splicing箍筋stirrup纵向钢筋longitudinal bar弯起钢筋bent-up bar钢筋间距rod spacing;bar spacing搭接长度overlapping length胀锚螺栓 expansion bolts螺母nut锚栓anchor bolt地脚螺栓foundation boltM30六⾓螺帽M30 six angle screw cap外露100，丝扣80outcrop 100mm，thread 80mm 垫⽚ washer C40混凝⼟C40 concrete: class 40早强剂early-strength admixture细⽯混凝⼟fine aggregate concrete防冻附加剂antifreeze admixture配合⽐mixture ratio抗渗等级P8 seepage class:抗压强度compression strength混凝⼟保护层厚度minimum concrete cover普通硅酸盐⽔泥ordinary portland cement 砂sand卵⽯pebble碎⽯crushed stone砾⽯gravel⾻料aggregate⽔泥cement粘⼟砖clay brick 垫层cushion4. 地基基础扩展基础spread foundation地基ground,foundation soils 刚性基础rigid foundation 独⽴基础single footing 联合基础combined footing 条形基础strip founcation 壳体基础shell foundation 箱形基础box foundation 筏形基础raft foundation 桩基础pile foundation沉井基础open caisson foundation ⼤直径桩基础cylinder pile foundation ⼟岩组合地基soil-rock composite ground地基允许变形值allowable subsoil deformation地基处理ground treatment 复合地基composite foundation 强夯dynamic compaction ⽀档结构retaining structure 基坑⼯程excavation engineering ⾼应变动⼒检测high strain dynamic testing of piles 单桩竖向抗压静载试验vertical compression bearing capacity static test for single pile 单桩⽔平静载试验lateral bearing capacitystatic test for single pile 单桩竖向抗拔静载试验vertical up-lifting bearing capacitystatic test for single pile 单桩竖向抗压极限承载⼒vertical ultimatecompress bearing capacity of a singlepile 桩侧摩阻⼒skin friction resistance 桩顶⽔平位移lateral displacement 桩端阻⼒end bearing resistance 单桩静载试验static test of single pile 单桩⽔平极限承载⼒ultimate lateral bearing capacity for a single pile 单桩竖向抗拔极限承载⼒ultimate vertical up-lifting bearing capacityfor a single pile 素填⼟ Plain Fill 粉⼟ Silt 粉质粘⼟ Silty Clay 淤泥质粉质粘⼟Sludgy Silty Clay 粉砂Silty Sand ⾼压缩性 high compressibility 中粗砂medium sand 中等压缩性 medium compressibility 中细砂fine sand 低压缩性 low compressibility 可塑~硬塑状态 plastic-hard plastic 泥质粉砂岩 Muddy Silty stone 流塑状态 flow plastic 粉砂质泥岩 Silty mudstone 局部软塑状态 partly soft plastic 泥岩 Mudstone 饱和saturated 强风化 high weathered 松散incompact 中等风化 medium weathered 轻微裂缝 slight defective pile 断桩 breakage of pile 桩⾝完整 pile of body integrity 缩颈 pile diameter reduction 缺陷 defect 压缩系数coefficient of compressibility 渗流seepage flow 内聚⼒（粘聚⼒） cohesion5. 钢结构钢结构 steel structure底漆 paint primer涂层 coating中间漆intermediate painting 油漆，涂料 paint⾯漆 finish coat流坠 hanging透底 disclosure皱⽪ wrinkle漏涂 miss painting返锈 rust again漆膜厚度 film thickness结构构件 structural member垂直⽀撑vertical bracing桁架 truss⼩⽴柱 postWA325钢格栅板 WA325 grating斜梁 stringer踏步板 treads钢梯 steel stairway踏步钢格板 grating for stair tread斜梯栏杆 guard rails不锈钢栏杆 stainless steel handrail预制场地 prefabrication area 平台栏杆 GR of platform原材料 raw material半成品 semi-finished goods除锈 remove rust, cleaning 切割 cutting喷砂 sand blasting打磨坡⼝ grinding型钢 section steel热轧⼯字钢hot-rolled I-beam steel热轧钢板 hot-rolled plates热轧不等边⾓钢hot-rolled unequal-legangle steel热轧等边⾓钢hot-rolled equal-legangle steel热轧H型钢hot-rolled H steel热轧槽钢hot-rolled channel steel ⽆缝钢管 seamless steel pipes扁钢 strap steel 不锈钢板 stainless steel plate垂直度 verticality分⽚组装be assembled by sections现场成框 framed at site焊缝 weld seam V型坡⼝V-type bevel焊缝⾼度 weld height焊枪 welding gun焊缝长度 weld length焊机 welding machine⽓焊 gas welding 焊炬 welding torch电焊 electric welding ⾃动和半⾃动电弧焊automatic andsemi-automatic welding ⼿⼯焊 hand welding对焊 butt welding 焊条weld rod, electrode ⾓焊缝 fillet 间断焊接 gap welding 咬边 undercut 针孔 pinhole 夹渣 slag裂纹 crack烧穿 burning out 漏焊 losing welding 弧坑 concavity 未焊透lack of fusion 打磨 grind⽕焰切割 torch cutting 喷砂除锈The sand blasting 机械钻孔drill by machine预拉⼒ prestressed ⾼强度⼤六⾓头螺栓Set of big hexagonalhigh-strength bolt 抗滑移系数Slide coefficient of faying surface 扭矩系数torsional moment coefficient终拧扭矩final torsional moment6. 荷载、强度、可靠度剪⼒shear 剪切变形shear deformation压⼒pressure 延伸率percentage of elongation 剪切模量shear modulus 拉⼒tension 应⼒stress 应变strain应⼒集中concentration of stress 应⼒松弛stress relaxation 应⼒图stress diagram 应⼒状态state of stress位移 displacement 弹性变形 elastic deformation 变形 deformation 塑性变形 plastic deformation 应变 strain 剪应变 shear strain 线应变 linear strain 主应变 principal strain 轴向⼒ normal force 主应⼒ principal stress 正应⼒ normal stress 预应⼒prestress应⼒应变曲线stress-strain curve 裂缝crack抗压强度compressive strength 抗弯强度bending strength 抗扭强度torsional strength 抗拉强度tensile strength 屈服yield屈服点yield point屈服荷载yield load 屈服极限limit of yielding 屈服强度yield strength 屈服强度下限lower limit of yield 荷载load横截⾯section, cross 承载⼒bearing capacity 承重结构bearing structure 弹性模量elastic modulus 塑性plasticity延性ductileity受弯构件member in bending轴向拉⼒axial tension受拉区tensile region可靠性reliability受压区compressive region粘结⼒cohesive force配筋率reinforcement ratio偏⼼受拉eccentric tension配箍率stirrup ratio偏⼼受压eccentric compression泊松⽐Poisson’s ratio偏⼼距eccentric distance跨度span疲劳强度fatigue strength跨⾼⽐span-to-depth ratio偏⼼荷载eccentric load设计限值 limiting design value截⾯宽度 breadth of section截⾯⾼度 height of section截⾯厚度 thickness of section截⾯直径 diameter of section截⾯⾯积 area of section截⾯周长 perimeter of section截⾯模量（抵抗矩） section modulus截⾯惯性矩 second moment of area截⾯极惯性矩polar second moment of area 截⾯回转半径 radius of gyration长细⽐slenderness ratio偏⼼矩 eccentricity偏⼼率 relative ecdentricity振动 vibration⾃振频率 natural frequency加速度 acceleration振周期natural period of vibration 频率 frequency振幅 amplitude of vibration⾃由度 degree of freedom振型 mode of vibration阻尼 damp共振 resonance强迫振动 forced vibration设计荷载design load挠度deflection设计强度design strength构造construction脆性破坏brittle failure延性破坏ductile failure可靠性 reliability适⽤性 serviceability安全性 safety耐久性 durability设计基准期 design reference period可靠概率 probability of survival可靠指标 reliability index失效概率 probability of failure概率设计法 probabilistic method极限状态设计法 limit states method容许应⼒设计法 permissible stressesmethod正常使⽤极限状态serviceability limitstates承载能⼒极限状态 ultimate limit states极限状态 limit states分项系数 partial safety factor体分布⼒ force per unit volume 作⽤ action⼒矩 moment of force线分布⼒ force per unit length永久作⽤ permanent action⾯分布⼒ force per unit area可变作⽤ variable action偶然作⽤ accidental action静态作⽤ static action固定作⽤ fixed adtion动态作⽤ dynamic action⾃重 self weight温度作⽤ temperature action施⼯荷载 site load地震作⽤ earthquake action⼟压⼒ earth pressure⽔压⼒ water pressure风荷载 wind load雪荷载 snow load风振 wind vibration吊车荷载crane load屋⾯活荷载floor live load浮⼒ buoyance浪压⼒（波浪⼒） wave pressure泥沙压⼒ silt pressute冰压⼒ ice pressure冻胀⼒ frost heave force静⽔压强 hydro-static pressure静⽔总压⼒total hydro-static pressure 动⽔压强 hydro-dynamic pressure压⼒⽔头 pressure head作⽤代表值 representative valueof an action作⽤准永久值quasi-permanent valueof an action作⽤标准值 characteristic valueof an action作⽤组合值combination value ofactions作⽤设计值 design value of anaction作⽤效应 effects of actions作⽤组合值系数coeffcient forcombination value ofactions作⽤效应系数coefficient of effectsof actions作⽤效应基本组合 fundamentalcombination foraction effects短期效应组合combination for short-term action effects作⽤效应偶然组合 accidentalcombination foraction effects长期效应组合combination for long-term action effects轴线axes标⾼elevation; datum mark坐标coordinate基准点，标⾼datum mark中⼼标⾼center elevation绝对标⾼absolute elevation相对标⾼relative elevation平⾯控制plane control⾼程控制elevation control⽔准点bench mark经纬仪transit坐标控制点coordinate control points ⽔准仪surveyor level测杆surveying rod 钢卷尺steel tape测距仪range finder7. ⼟建施⼯挖掘 excavate履带式推⼟机crawler dozer挖⼟机 excavator履带式起重机crawler crane反铲挖⼟机 back digger压路机 road roller挖沟机 trench digger翻⽃车 tipping skip铲运机 scraper⾃卸卡车 dumping truck洒⽔车 sprinkler回填 back fill⼟⽅⼯程 earth work蛙式打夯机 frog rammer钢筋切断机 bar cutter钢筋弯曲机 angle--bender基坑foundation pit双排竖管脚⼿架independent scaffold脚⼿架scaffold管⼦脚⼿架pipe scaffold 单排竖管脚⼿架putlog scaffold 满堂脚⼿架full framing ⽴杆 the standing pole 扫地杆 ground bars 横杆 ledger脚⼿板 scaffold board 防护栏 protective barrier,guard rail隔离剂 isolating agent扣件coupler旋转扣件swivel coupler ⼗字扣件double coupler 套筒扣件sleeve coupler 钢筋加⼯ rebar fabrication 铁丝 iron wire 钢筋连接rebar connection 绑扎lashing 搭接lap焊接 welding搭接接头 lap joint 焊接接头 welded joint 搭接焊lap welding 砂浆垫块mortar block制模，模板⼯程formwork 组合钢模板 combined steel formwork 模板form模板配板 formwork configuration 模板⽀设 formwork erection 安装偏差 installation deviation 模板接缝the formwork joint泵送混凝⼟pumping of concrete 混凝⼟中⼼搅拌站 centralized concretemixing plant 浇灌混凝⼟concrete pouring, depositing concrete,模板拆除 formwork removal 混凝⼟搅拌汽车concrete mixer truck混凝⼟搅拌concrete agitation 插⼊式振捣器 insertion type vibrator 振捣混凝⼟ vibrated concrete 平板振动器 plate vibrator 抹⼦，泥⼑ trowel 抹灰，抹光 toweling坍落度slump两组试块two sets of testing blocks 混凝⼟取样witness sampling of concrete混凝⼟施⼯缝处理treatment of concrete construction joint 初凝 initial set 终凝final set初凝时间 initial setting time 终凝时间final setting time 混凝⼟养护concrete curing 草垫 straw mattress回填back fill回填夯实backfill consolidation 1:2⽔泥砂浆20厚1:2 cenment mortarthickness 20mm 找平层leveling blacket 抹灰plastering抹平，找平screeding 抹灰底层rendering coat 抹光，压光trowel finish 灌缝；灌浆grout抹灰罩⾯层setting coat ⼆次灌浆post-grouting 填料filling 翼环plate ring套管pipe sleeve ⽯棉⽔泥asbestos cement 油⿇oil-- hemp 橡胶⽌⽔带rubber water stop 密封胶joint sealant 沥青涂层asphalt coating填缝板joint filler镀锌铁⽪galvanized iron sheet ure ;revetment80mmpile ompressibility area f vibration ssure ol pointsocks。
弯曲：bending弯矩：bending moment剪切：shear剪力：shearing force梁：beam柱：column节点：joint屈服：yield强度：strength------------------compressive of strength、bending of strength、tensile of strength 破坏：failure-----------------bending failure、、、、、稳定：stability失稳：lost stability buckling刚度：stiffness应力：stress应变：strain变形：deformation约束：constraint承载力：bearing capacity框架：framework规范：code安全因素：safety factor集中荷载：concentrated load分布荷载：distribution load恒载：dead load活载：live load永久荷载：sustained load桁架：truss塑性材料：elastic material弹性材料：plastic material断裂：fracture裂纹：flaw破坏：damage挠度：deflection纵梁：girder腹板：web翼缘：flange钢筋：rebar塑性铰：plastic hinge衰减：damping边界条件：boundary condition长细比：slenderness超静定结构：statically inderminate structure杆件：bar构件：member固定端：fixed end简支梁：simply supported beam 悬臂梁：cantilever beam极限应力：ultimate stress跨长：length of span拉力：tensile force临界力：critical force内力图：internal force diagram 扭转：torsion欧拉公式：Euler formula平面刚架：plane frame屈服极限：yield limit危险截面：critical section应力集中：stress concentration。
结构建筑专业术语1. 结构力学（Structural Mechanics）：研究力、应力和变形的科学原理，用于分析和设计建筑物的结构。
2. 设计荷载（Design Load）：在建筑物设计过程中考虑到的各种力学荷载，如自重、活荷载、雪荷载、风荷载等。
4. 结构模型（Structural Model）：用于分析和设计建筑物结构的数学模型，可以是二维或三维的。
5. 结构分析（Structural Analysis）：使用力学原理和数值计算方法，对建筑物的结构进行稳定性、强度和刚度等方面的分析。
6. 结构设计（Structural Design）：根据结构分析的结果和设计需求，确定合适的结构形式、尺寸和材料，以满足建筑物使用和安全要求的过程。
7. 结构系统（Structural System）：指建筑物的结构形式和组合方式，如框架结构、桁架结构、悬挂结构、贝壳结构等。
8. 承重墙（Load Bearing Wall）：用于承担建筑物重力荷载和横向荷载的墙体结构。
9. 钢结构（Steel Structure）：使用钢材作为主要结构材料的建筑物结构系统。
10. 混凝土结构（Concrete Structure）：使用混凝土材料作为主要结构材料的建筑物结构系统。
11. 预应力结构（Prestressed Structure）：在混凝土结构中引入预压力，以提高结构的承载能力和抗震性能。
12. 梁（Beam）：承载荷载并将其传递到支撑结构的水平构件，通常横截面为矩形或T形。
13. 柱（Column）：承载建筑物重力荷载并将其传递到地基的垂直结构元素。
14. 基础（Foundation）：将建筑物的重力荷载传递到地基并分散到地面的结构部分，通常包括浅基础和深基础。
15. 刚性连接（Rigid Connection）：将结构构件连接在一起的方法，使其能够传递力和阻止相对运动。
16. 弹性变形（Elastic Deformation）：结构在受力时通过弹性恢复能够发生的变形，超过弹性极限后会发生不可逆的塑性变形。
工程结构设计英语（Engineering structural design English）A column supporting member, such as a pile, a steel pile, or a concrete pile, that sinks, gets into, or is poured into the foundation of a pile.Sheet pile sheet piles are all or partially into the foundation, and the cross section is supported by rectangular plates, such as steel sheet piles and reinforced concrete sheet piles.Pavement pavement is paved with road material on the road bed, the structural layer for the vehicle, including surface layer (including wear layer), base and cushion.Carriageway lane highway for various vehicle parts in general, including fast lane and slow car lanes.Speed-changelane variable speed lane, acceleration lane and deceleration lane on a highway.A section of a road, especially a pedestrian, divided by a curb, barrier, or other device on a highway. Sidewalk.Lane; a separator strip; a strip of strips along the highway longitudinally separating lanes. In the middle of the road is called the median divider.Bicycle path bike lanes are for bicycles.Road shoulder highway shoulder is located at the edge of the carriageway to the edge of the subgrade, with a certain width of the strip structure. In order to maintain roadway functionand temporary parking, and as a lateral support of the road surface.Subgrade, side and ditch subgrade side ditches are vertical drains arranged on both sides of the subgrade for collecting and excluding the flowing water of the road surface, the shoulder and the slope.Catch ditch; intercepting channel (gutter) when the subgrade drainage ditches excavation slope in the hills above the catchment area is large, set up to intercept surface water to ensure the slope excavation slope is affected by water erosion of water facilities.Drainage ditch will drain ditchesdrainage ditches soil near the pit or subgrade to divert the water, reservoir or low-lying land, natural rivers or Bridge Department facilities.Slope protection; revetment revetment in order to prevent the slope from water erosion, on the slope of all kinds of paving and planting collectively.Retaining, wall retaining walls, mainly to withstand the earth pressure, prevent collapse of the wall of the building.Railway track railway track is located in the rail above the rail, sleeper, connecting parts, ballast, turnout and other ancillary equipment and other parts of the general term.Rail rail steel rolled into a certain length of I-shaped section steel to directly support the railway train load and guide thewheel of the train.The sleeper sleeper supports the rails, keeps the gauge and transfers the train load to the ballast bed.The overall structure of the track skeleton two track rail and sleeper connected with fasteners.The ballast bed is supported and fixed by the bed ballast bed, and the load on it is spread to the track component of the railway subgrade surface.Ballast ballast shall be used as standard graded gravel (or pebble) sand, ore ballast and other loose materials for railway ballast bed.A turnout switch divides a railroad track into two or more than two devices.The railway shunting hump railway shunting hump uses shunting locomotive to push the railway train up to the summit, and uses the vehicle gravity to slip the vehicle into the shunting equipment of each shunting line.The continuous welded rail seamless track consists of several standard long rails welded together.Rail fastening will be fixed on the connecting rail fastening rail sleeper parts or other rail foundation, including spike, plate and fastening parts etc..Guard Rall guard rail, which is used to prevent the wheel from derailing or deviation to one side, the rail on the rail is not covered by the vertical load of the wheel.Rallway shoubder railway shoulder railway subgrade surface road bed covering part.Wharf Breast Wall Wharf in the upper vertical Wharf on the deck, fitted with anti flushing device, blocking wall after backfilling, and the lower part of the structure are connected into a whole component.The relieving slab unloading plate is used to reduce the earth fill pressure at the square pier and caisson wharf wall and to increase the stability of the wall member.The berthing member relies on a ship component to bear on the ship's impact force and force on the pier.Mooring post; the bollard system is used for mooring, berthing and berthing of ships, and for the mooring of the mooring systems with common column and storm column.Mooring ring mooring rings are laid at the front of the wharf or on the chest wall for the steel rings of the ship.Sluice locks the main chamber control flow chamber.Sluice gate; lock gate gate; a hydraulic component in a hydraulic structure that opens and closes the water and controls the flow of discharge.Sluic pier pier in chamber, pier parts supporting the gate, gate hole, connecting the two sides of the partition, that connects the two sides of the pier, said in the middle part of the pier.Apron apron in the discharge structure, the downstream side, to protect from damage or erosion of riverbed scour rigid bottom protection buildings.Apron feeders extension 海漫位于护坦或消力池下游侧, 用以调整流速分布, 继续消耗水流剩余动能, 保护河床免受冲刷的柔性护底建筑物.Stiling basin 消能池 (消力池) 位于泄水建筑物下游侧, 用以形成水跃以消减水流动能的池形建筑物.Roller bucket 消能戽 (消力戽) 位于泄水建筑物下游侧, 以反弧与过流面相接的戽斗形消减水流动能的设施.Apron feeders; impervious blanket 防渗铺盖在挡水建筑物上游侧透水地基表面铺设的延展层状防渗设施.Impervious curtain; cut-off 防渗帷幕在与挡水建筑物相接的地基和岸坡内, 灌注抗渗材料所形成的连续竖向阻截渗流的设施.Sealing; seal; waterstop 止水设置在水工建筑物各相邻部分或分段接缝间, 用以防止接缝而产生渗漏的设施.The connection 连接构件间或杆件间以某种方式的结合.Joint 节点构件或杆件相互连接的部位.Expansion and consraction joint 伸缩缝为减轻材料胀缩变形对建筑物的影响而在建筑物中预先设置的间隙.Settlement joint 沉降缝为减轻地基不均匀变形对建筑物的影响而在建筑物中预先设置的间隙.Asseismic joint 防震缝为减轻或防止相邻结构单元由地震作用引起的碰撞而预先设置的间隙.Construction joint 施工缝当混凝土施工时, 由于技术上或施工组织上的原因, 不能一次连续灌注时, 而在结构的规定位置留置的搭接面或后浇带.Spred foundation 扩展 (扩大) 基础将块石或混凝土砌筑的截面适当扩大, 以适应地基容许承载能力或变形的天然地基基础.Rigid foundation 刚性基础基础底部扩展部分不超过基础材料刚性角的天然地基基础.Single footing 独立基础用于单柱下并按材料和受力状态选定型式的基础.Combined footing 联合基础有两根或两根以上立柱 (筒体) 共用的基础; 或两种不同型式基础共同工作的基础.Strip foundation 条形基础水平长而狭的带状基础.The shell foundation 壳体基础以壳体结构形成的空间薄壁基础.Box foundation 箱形基础由钢筋混凝土底板、顶板、侧墙板和一定数量的内隔墙板组成整体的形似箱形的基础.Raft foundation 筏形基础支承整个建筑物或构筑物的大面积整体钢筋混凝土板式或梁板式基础.Pile foundation 桩基础由桩连接桩顶、桩帽和承台组成的深基础.Open caisson foundation 沉井基础上下敞口带刃脚的空心井筒状结构下沉水中到设计标高处, 以井筒作为结构外壳而建筑成的基础.Cylinder pile foundation; cylinder caisson foundation 管柱基础大直径钢筋混凝土或预应力混凝土圆管, 用人工或机械清除管内土、石, 下沉至地基中, 嵌固于岩层或坚实地层的基础.Caisson foundation 沉箱基础用气压排水, 开挖水下土 (岩) 层, 把闭口箱下沉到设计标高所建成的基础.Subgrade of highway (railway) 路基道路路面或铁路轨道下面的基础结构.高于原地面的填方路基称路堤, 低于原地面的挖方路基称路堑.Bed; bedding 基床一般指天然地基上开挖 (或不开挖) 的基槽、基坑, 经回填处理, 形成可以扩散上部结构荷载传给地基的传力层.分明基床和暗基床两类.Reliability 可靠性结构在规定的时间内, 在规定的条件下, 完成预定功能的能力, 它包括结构的安全性、适用性和耐久性.当以概率来度量时, 称可靠度.Safety 安全性结构在正常施工和正常使用条件下, 承受可能出现的各种作用的能力, 以及在偶然事件发生时和发生后, 仍保持必要的整体稳定性的能力.Serviceability 适用性结构在正常使用条件下, 满足预定使用要求的能力.Durability 耐久性结构在正常维护条件下, 随时间变化而仍能满足预定功能要求的能力.Basic variable 基本变量影响结构可靠度的各主要变量.They are generally random variables.In the structural reliability analysis of the design reference period design period, the reference time used for the relationship between the basic variables and time is taken into account.Probability, of, survival probability of a reliable probability structure or component capable of completing a predetermined function.Probability, of, failure probability of failure, structure or the probability that a component can not achieve a predetermined function.Reliability index reliability index, a quantitative index of structural reliability. It is the function value of the standard normal distribution inverse function at the reliable probability, and has a one-to-one relation with the failure probability in the numerical value.Calibration calibration method is used to determine the reliability index of structure or component used in design by back analysis of safety factor of existing structure or component.Decerministic method fixed value design method, basic variable as non random variable design calculation method. Among them, the reliability of the structure is measured by the experience based safety factor.Probabilistic, method, probability design method, basic variable, design method of random variable. Among them, the reliability of the structure is measured by the probability of failure based on probability theory.The permissible (allowable) stresses method allowable stress design method takes the principle that the stress of the structural member section is not greater than the allowable stress of the material specified in the specification, and the design method of the structural members is calculated.Ultimate strength method ultimate strength design method considering damage stage state of structure material calculation method of structure component design, also known as the limit design method, the load factor design method, damage stage design method, limit load design method.Limit states method limit state design method to prevent structure or component from reaching the limit state of certain functional requirements as the basis of structural design calculation method.The critical state of a limit, States, structure, or component that satisfies a functional requirement specified in a design. Beyond this state, the structure or component ceases to satisfy the requirements of the function.Limit state equation limit equation of state, when the structure or component is in the limit state, the relation of the basic variables.Ultimate, limit, states carrying capacity, ultimate state, structure or component to the maximum load capacity, or to reach the limit state of deformation which is not suitable for continued load.Sevceability limit states the serviceability limit state, structure, or component reaching the limit state of a permissible limit applied to the function.Design of limit state method of partial coefficient partial factor safety, in order to ensure that the design of the structure or component reliability is provided, and the model used in the calculation of coefficient, divided into the role of partial coefficient and resistance coefficient of two.Design situation is designed with different design requirements, different structure is affected by the different conditions in the design reference period, as the structural design of selected structural system, design value,reliability requirements and so on.The duration of the persistent siltuation persistence is long, almost the same as the structural design reference period.The short duration of transient situation presents a high probability of design.The occurrence of accidental, situation, contingency, occurrence, or occurrence, with a short duration and a low probability of design.。
1 工程用语1、Steel material 钢材parent metal 母材plank 板材planking 铺板backfilling plate backfilling plate 、、padding plate 垫板connecting plate 连接板fringe plate 翼缘板gusset plate 节点板ten let 样板web plate 腹板intermediate stiffener 中间加劲肋edge stiffener 边缘加劲肋longitudinal stiffener 纵向加劲肋steel column base 钢柱脚steel pipe steel pipe、、steel tube 钢管steel support 钢支座steel strip 钢带steel section 型钢steel plate element 钢板件steel plate 钢板steel wire 钢丝stiffener 加劲肋allowable slenderness ratio of steel member allowable slenderness ratio of steel member 钢构件容许长细比钢构件容许长细比2、hot-rolled section steel 热轧型钢angle steel angle steel 角钢角钢channel 槽钢flat bar 扁钢shaped steel 型钢steel column 钢柱seamless steel tube 无缝钢管profiled steel sheet 压型钢板purling 檩条Steel beam Steel beam 梁梁box girder box girder 箱形梁箱形梁cantilever beam cantilever beam 挑梁挑梁continuous beam 连续梁simply supported beam 简支梁girder 主梁lintel 过梁过梁non non－－uniform beam 变截面梁变截面梁ceiling ceiling 吊顶吊顶吊顶ceiling beam ceiling beam 吊顶梁吊顶梁吊顶梁bridge crane bridge crane 桥式吊车桥式吊车桥式吊车crane beam 吊车梁吊车梁 crane block 吊车车挡吊车车挡crane span 吊车跨度吊车跨度span 跨度跨度column bracing column bracing 柱间支撑柱间支撑柱间支撑joist 搁栅搁栅lacing and batten elements 缀材缀材((缀件缀件) )latticed shell 网壳结构网壳结构light gage channel 轻型槽钢轻型槽钢light gage I light gage I－－beam 轻型工字钢轻型工字钢light steel truss 轻钢桁架轻钢桁架light light－－weight steel structure 轻钢结构轻钢结构 lipped angle 卷角钢卷角钢lipped channel 卷边槽钢卷边槽钢lipped zees, lipped Z-bar 卷边Z 形钢形钢inclined brace 斜撑斜撑rail 栏杆栏杆Steel rail 钢轨钢轨Steel rail fastening 钢轨扣件钢轨扣件ring beam 圈梁圈梁rivet 铆钉铆钉riveted connection 铆钉连接铆钉连接riveted steel beam 铆接钢梁铆接钢梁 riveted steel structure 铆接钢结构铆接钢结构ro11ed beam 型钢梁型钢梁roof bracing system 屋架支撑系统屋架支撑系统roof plate 屋面板屋面板roof truss 屋架屋架corbel 牛腿牛腿3、covered electrode 焊条，电焊条焊条，电焊条arc weld arc weld 电弧焊电弧焊电弧焊 automatic submerged arc welding automatic submerged arc welding 埋弧自动焊埋弧自动焊埋弧自动焊automatic welding automatic welding 自动焊接自动焊接自动焊接back chipping back chipping 清根清根清根butt weld butt weld 对接焊缝对接焊缝对接焊缝continuous weld 连续焊缝连续焊缝fillet weld 角焊缝角焊缝girth weld 环形焊缝环形焊缝leg size of fillet weld 角焊缝焊脚尺寸角焊缝焊脚尺寸flat welding position 平焊平焊plug weld 塞焊缝塞焊缝point welding 点焊点焊 groove 坡口坡口groove weld 坡口焊缝坡口焊缝longitudinal weld 纵向焊缝纵向焊缝slot weld 槽焊缝槽焊缝interface 接口接口effective cross-section area of fillet weld 角焊缝有效截面积角焊缝有效截面积 effective depth of section 截面有效高度截面有效高度effective length of fillet weld 角焊缝有效计算长度角焊缝有效计算长度incomplete penetration 未焊透未焊透incomplete fusion 未溶合未溶合incompletely filled groove 未焊满未焊满 slag inclusion 夹渣夹渣weld 焊缝焊缝weld crack 焊接裂纹焊接裂纹weld defects 焊接缺陷焊接缺陷welded steel structure 焊接钢结构焊接钢结构welding rod 焊条焊条welding wire 焊丝焊丝gas cutting 气割气割gas welding 气焊气焊edge cutting 铲边铲边edge planning 刨边刨边 rust removal by spurting iron sand 抛丸除锈抛丸除锈rust removal by spurting sand 喷砂除锈喷砂除锈4、bolt bolt 螺栓螺栓螺栓nut 螺母螺母pitch 螺距螺距finished bolt 精制螺栓精制螺栓anchor bolt anchor bolt 锚栓锚栓锚栓bolted connection bolted connection 螺栓连接螺栓连接螺栓连接assembling joint assembling joint 拼接接头拼接接头拼接接头 effective diameter of bolt or high-strength bolt 螺栓螺栓((或高强度螺栓或高强度螺栓))有效直径效直径high-strength bolt 高强度螺栓高强度螺栓high-strength bolt with large hexagon bead 大六角头高强度螺栓大六角头高强度螺栓 high-strength bolted bearing type join 承压型高强度螺栓连接承压型高强度螺栓连接high-strength bolted connection 高强度螺栓连接高强度螺栓连接high-strength bolted friction high-strength bolted friction－－type connection 摩擦型高强度螺栓连接摩擦型高强度螺栓连接 high-strength bolted friction-type joint 摩擦型高强度螺栓连接摩擦型高强度螺栓连接 hinged connection 铰接铰接dowel action 销栓作用销栓作用dowelled joint 销连接销连接 linen tape 皮尺皮尺dial gauge 百分表百分表documents 文档文档telescope 望远镜望远镜jack 千斤顶千斤顶grip 夹具夹具hoisting ring 吊环吊环truck crane 吊车吊车Compensate a machine 补偿器补偿器5、 crack 裂缝裂缝crack width 裂缝宽度裂缝宽度cutting 切割切割deflection 挠度挠度deformation joint 变形缝变形缝settlement joint 沉降缝沉降缝expansion joint 伸缩缝伸缩缝self weight 自重自重construction weight 结构自重结构自重cavitations cavitations 孔洞孔洞孔洞chimney chimney 烟囱烟囱烟囱 net height 净高净高clear height clear height 净高净高净高relative elevation 相对高程相对高程winter construction 冬期施工冬期施工safety factor 安全系数安全系数local stability 局部稳定局部稳定local instability 局部失稳局部失稳high level water-supply tank 高位给水箱高位给水箱her her－－resistance rating 耐火等级耐火等级acceptable quality acceptable quality 合格质量合格质量合格质量compliance control 合格控制合格控制 1ive 1oad on roof 屋面活荷载屋面活荷载Action Action 作用作用作用ageing of structure ageing of structure 结构老化结构老化结构老化6、general progress schedule of construction project 建设项目总进度计划建设项目总进度计划 invite tenders of project construction 建筑工程施工招标建筑工程施工招标preparation for construction 建设准备建设准备annual schedule of construction project annual schedule of construction project 建设项目年度计划建设项目年度计划建设项目年度计划 architectural design architectural design 建筑设计建筑设计建筑设计building building 建筑物建筑物建筑物building area building area 建筑面积建筑面积建筑面积building height building height 建筑高度建筑高度建筑高度building construction design building construction design 建筑构造设计建筑构造设计建筑构造设计building construction standard building construction standard 建筑标准建筑标准建筑标准building construction survey building construction survey 建筑施工测量建筑施工测量建筑施工测量building density building density 建筑密度建筑密度建筑密度building installation engineering contract building installation engineering contract 建筑安装工程合同建筑安装工程合同建筑安装工程合同 building main axis building main axis 建筑主轴线建筑主轴线建筑主轴线building waterproofing building waterproofing 建筑防水建筑防水建筑防水 fire prevention for building 建筑防火建筑防火fire protection design of structure 结构防火设计结构防火设计building ground elevation building ground elevation 地坪标高地坪标高地坪标高construction basis 建设依据建设依据construction condition 建设条件建设条件construction joint 施工缝施工缝construction period 建设工期建设工期construction standard 建设标准建设标准construction project 建设项目建设项目design of building structures 建筑结构设计建筑结构设计design strength 设计强度设计强度 construction 构造构造detailing requirements 构造要求构造要求ductile failure 延性破坏延性破坏ductility 延性延性dotty factor 延性系数延性系数durability 耐久性耐久性durability of structure 结构耐久性结构耐久性7、earthquake 地震地震earthquake action 地震作用地震作用 earthquake resistant behavior of structure 结构抗震性能结构抗震性能earthquake resistant capacity of structure 结构抗震能力结构抗震能力earthquake resistant design of structure 结构抗震设计结构抗震设计earthquake-resistant detailing requirements 抗震构造要求抗震构造要求 effective height 计算高度计算高度elevation 标高标高elongation rate 伸长率伸长率engineering survey 工程测量工程测量8、inclined section 斜截面斜截面 load 荷载荷载loading 加载加载pressure 压力压力pressure venting 泄压泄压residual stress 残余应力残余应力stress 应力应力stress concentration 应力集中应力集中yield point 屈服点屈服点yield strength 屈服强度屈服强度fatigue strength 疲劳强度疲劳强度9、inspection and turning-over of completed project 竣工验收竣工验收 general plan of completed project 竣工总平面图竣工总平面图completed drawing 竣工图竣工图completed project 竣工项目竣工项目final account for completed project 竣工决算竣工决算10、cement cement 水泥水泥水泥Sand 沙子沙子Pebble 石子石子 Concrete 混凝土混凝土Reinforcing bar 钢筋钢筋Template 模板Shear a dint wall 剪力墙剪力墙剪力墙Scaffo ld 脚手架脚手架Mix blend 搅拌fired common brick 烧结普通砖烧结普通砖flow construction 流水施工流水施工foundation 基础基础frame 框架框架frame structure 框架结构框架结构11、碳钢管碳钢管 carbon steel tube carbon steel tube公称直径公称直径 nominal diameter nominal diameter预埋件预埋件 embedded part embedded part轴测图轴测图 axonometric drawing axonometric drawing 布置图布置图 arrangement diagram arrangement diagram氧乙炔气割氧乙炔气割 oxyacetylene gas cutting oxyacetylene gas cutting 低合金钢管低合金钢管 low alloy steel low alloy steel 型钢型钢 profile steel profile steel钢板钢板 steel plate steel plate 熔渣熔渣 slag slag飞溅飞溅 welding spatter welding spatter定位焊定位焊 tacking tacking引弧引弧 generating of arc generating of arc。
结构工程方向介绍英文作文Introduction。
Structural engineering is a field that deals with the design, analysis, and construction of structures such as buildings, bridges, towers, and other types of infrastructure. Structural engineers use their expertise to ensure that structures are safe, durable, and able to withstand the forces of nature and human use. This article will explore the role of structural engineers, the skills required to be successful in this field, and some of the challenges that structural engineers face.Role of Structural Engineers。
Structural engineers play a critical role in the construction industry. They are responsible for ensuring that structures are designed and built to withstand the forces of nature and human use. They work closely with architects, contractors, and other professionals to ensurethat structures are safe, functional, and aesthetically pleasing.Structural engineers are involved in all stages of a project, from the initial design to the final construction. They use their expertise to analyze the forces that will act on a structure and determine the best materials and design to ensure its safety and durability. They also oversee the construction process to ensure that it is carried out according to the design specifications.Skills Required for Success。
专业英语（结构工程）1.abbreviated drawing2.aberration3.absorb ji4.acceptable limit5.access eye6.accessories7.accidental action8.account9.acid rain10.acting force11.action face12.action spot13.action of gravity14.activity15.actual size16.adaptive plate17.addendum18.additional stirrup19.additional stress20.adhere21.adhesion22.adhesive23.adit24.adjustment25.admissible load26.admissible strain27.admissible stress28.affect29.after contraction30.age31.ageing of struction32.aging resistance33.aggregate34.aging of cold drawn bar35.agitation36.air-crack37.align dubbing38.alkali-aggregate reaction39.allocation40.allowable capacity41.allowable error42.alternate load43.amplitude44.analysis45.ancient architecture46.angle table47.angle-table48.anti-acid49.anticorrosion50.antifreeze51.antiseismic52.appearance of fatigue53.apparent force54.arc55.arching effect56.assembling57.axial58.bar list59.basement60.beam61.beaded support62.batten63.bearer64.beater65.bending deflection66.bending failure67.bent frame68.best value69.biaxial bending70.bilateral support71.bind72.blend73.block74.bolt75.bolt hole76.bond beam77.bond crack78.bonded79.boom hoist80.bracing81.braking82.breaking83.brick84.bridge crane85.bridging beam86.brittleness88.bundle of bars89.butt weld90.butt pin91.ACI Building Code92.allowable or permissible stresses93.allowable—stress design94.architectural design95.axial force96.bending moment97.cable net structure98.cable tension99.cladding wallposite materialputer—aided designputer simulation103.concrete and masonry structure 104.concrete beam105.conditions of operation106.crack width107.critical design load108.cross—bracing109.decision—making process 110.deflection111.design process112.diagonal bracing113.earthquake load114.earthquake—resistant design 115.factor of safety116.fixed end117.live load118.limit state119.precast120.plastic hinge121.cable122.cableway123.cage124.calamity125.caliper126.calm127.cameo128.canopy129.cap130.carbonation132.casting133.cave134.cavity block135.ceiling136.cement137.cementation138.centage139.centering140.ceram141.channel142.check-hole143.checkout144.chord145.cloister146.closed curve147.coarse sand148.cobble149.cohesive soil150.cold bending151.cohesive soil,clayey soil 152.continental sedimentation 153.confined ground water 154.dispersive soil155.clay minerals156.continental sedimentation 157.cleavage158.chemical sedimentary rock 159.confined water160.critical state soil mechanics 161.course of bricks162.cushion163.center line164.certification of fitness 165.colonnade166.column167.datum mark168.collar extension169.clamping fixture170.content gauge171.datum markponent part173.dip deviation174.dryingpression joint177.development permit178.deep excavation and building protection 179.critical state soil mechanics180.drop gate181.padding plate182.partition183.penetrated butt weld184.percentage of reinforcement185.perforated brick186.pilastered wall)187.pit·188.pith189.plain concrete structure190.plane hypothesis191.plane structure192.plank193.plug weld194.plywood195.plywood structure196.pockmark197.sted198.steel bar199.teel column component200.steel columnbase201.steel fiber reinforced concrete structure·202.steel hanger203.steel mesh reinforced brick masonry member 204.steel pipe205.steel plate206.steel plateelement207.steel strip208.steel support209.steel tie210.steel tube211.Finite Element Method212.timber structure213.masonry structure214.concrete structure215.steelstructure216.steel and concrete composite structure 217.plain concrete218.reinforced concrete220.pre-stressed concrete221.statically determinate structure 222.statically indeterminate structure 223.truss structure224.spatial grid structure225.concentrated force226.pressure227.hydrostatic pressure228.uniform pressure229.body force230.gravity231.line load232.bending moment233.torque234.stress235.stain236.normal stress237.shearing stress238.principal stress239.deformation240.internal force241.access242.additional243.additional stirrups244.adopted245.agree246.alignment247.allow248.alternately placed249.anchorage250.anchorage length251.可适用的,可应用的252.建筑253.建筑学的254.附加,添加255.附件256.阳台257.钢筋标号258.底部,基础259.地库260.基础板261.倾斜度262.承重墙263.弯曲264.包扎,捆绑265.碎石子266.垫层267.块268.螺钉269.热压焊接机270.钻孔桩271.每侧272.底部273.边梁274.核心墙275.保护层276.大样277.尺寸278.分布钢筋279.排水280.高差281.导管282.构件283.立面284.下降285.建筑标高286.固定287.夹紧装置,夹具288.布置图289.一般（总）说明290.等级291.轴线292.简要地说明293.缩略平面294.布局295.图例296.局部平面297.预应力298.斜坡,车道299.(玻璃)幕墙300.剪力301.疲劳破坏302.应力集中303.抗拉强度304.抗压强度305.抗弯强度306.弹性307.纤维增强复合材料308.参数，系数，参量309.基质，基片，底层310.力学311.样品312.张量，变分法313.表面的，浅薄的314.浪费，消散，损耗315.系数316.剥离，分层317.入口，极限，临界值318.配置，结构319.尺寸320.模量，系数321.制造，伪造，装配322.过滤，筛选323.振动，摆动324.相似的，模拟的325.复杂的，弄复杂，久经世故的人326.对称的，均匀的327.单独地，唯一地328.促进，帮助，使容易329.刚度，僵硬330.流量，不稳定，流出，融化331.拱332.柱333.脚手架334.角钢335.延展性336易碎的337.横向钢筋338.节点339.钢筋保护层340.剪切变形341.拉力342.压力343.延伸率344.位移345.应力松弛346.应力图347.应力应变曲线348.应力状态349.钢丝350.箍筋351.箍筋间距352.加载353抗扭强度354.裂缝355.屈服点356屈服荷载357.屈服极限358.屈服强度359.屈服强度下限360.横截面361.承载力362.承重结构363.弹性模量364.预应力钢筋混凝土365.预应力钢筋366.预应力损失367.预制板368.现浇钢筋混凝土结构369.双向配筋370.悬臂梁371.公路施工,372.层铺法施工373.弃土堆374.压实度375.击实试验376.干密度377.含水量378.结构力学；379.结构设计380.恒载381.活载382.竖向力383.水平力384.压应力385.拉应力386.剪切力387.抗拉强度388.抗压强度389.钢筋混凝土390.素混凝土391.预应力混凝土392.先张法393.后张法394.预制混凝土395.工程合同396.合同条款397.违约398.竞标,公开招标399.总价合同400.单价合同401.线形设计402.沥青混合混凝土403.沥青混合料面层404.基层405.垫层406.半刚性基层407.半填半挖式408.施工缝409.纵向接缝410.横向接缝411.胀缝412.粗集料413.细集料414.矿粉415.碎石416.：级配曲线417.间断级配）418.（连续级配）419.（软化点）420.（针入度指数）421.（脆点）422.(出入口控制）423.立体交叉424.(路面标线）425.上承式桥426.下承式桥427.计算跨径428.净跨径429.小跨径桥430.中跨径桥431.大跨径桥432.梁桥433.拱桥434.斜拉桥(斜张桥) 435.悬索桥436.刚构桥437.下部结构438.上部结构439.主跨440.边跨441.桩基础442.预制桩443.就地灌注桩444.斜交（桥）445.杆件结构446.实体结构447.板壳结构448.结构的计算简图449.结点450.铰结点451.刚结点452.铰支座453.滚轴支座454.固定支座455.静力荷载456.动力荷载457.组合结构458.刚体459.几何不变体系460.几何可变体系461.常变体系462.瞬变体系463.自由度464.约束465.单铰467.链杆468.单刚结点469.虚铰470.必要约束471.多余约束472.静定结构473.超静定结构474.内力475.弯矩476.剪力477.轴力478.多跨静定梁479.基本部分480.附属部分481.平面桁架482.简单桁架483.联合桁架484.复杂桁架485.自内力486.结点法487.结点荷载488.对称结构489.对称荷载490.反对称荷载491.对称性492.零杆493.推力494.三铰拱495.合理拱轴496.虚功原理497.虚力原理498.位移499.广义位移500.广义力。
