【名师导航】中考英语精讲复习 句子类型(要点提示+专项专练)
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冲刺中考提高英语写作水平的10个小技巧1合理使用省略句合理恰当地使用省略句,不仅可以使文章精练、简洁,而且会使文章更具文采和可读性。
如:(1) He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see himnow?→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?他可能很忙,要是这样,我以后再来拜访。
要是不忙,我现在可以见他吗?(2) If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.如果天气好,我们就去;如果天气不好,我们就不去了。
(3) She could have applied for th at job, but she didn’t do so.→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.她本可申请这份工作的,但她没有。
2免重复使用同一词语为了使表达更生动,更富表现力,同学们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思,尤其是一些老生常谈的词语。
如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字,就会立刻想起like,事实上,英语中表示类似意思的词和短语很多,如love,enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。
如:I like reading while my brother likes watching television.→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.我喜欢看书,而我的兄弟却喜欢看电视。
初三英语语法专题训练---几种特殊句型知识点讲解及练习精彩笔记1 简单句五种基本句型无论句子的结构多么复杂,都不会超出简单句的五种基本框架。
长句、难句都是这五种句型的扩充、套用和连用。
影响句型结构的主要因素是谓语动词。
“主谓”句型——主语+谓语“主谓宾”句型(一) ——主语+谓语+宾语简单句五种基本句型“主谓宾”句型(二) ——主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语“主谓宾”句型(三) ——主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语“主系表”句型——主语+系动词+表语六个成分即叙述的六要素:①who(谁做,主语),②action(做什么,谓语),③who/which/what(被做了什么,宾语),④how(状语,怎么做),⑤where (状语,在哪里做),⑥when(状语,何时做)。
注意:时间状语可以置于句末,也可以置于句首。
精彩笔记2 so do/does/did/ will/have+主语neither do/does/did/ will/have+主语He has finished it , so have I. he hasn’t done it, neither have I.If you don’t go there, neither_________I.精彩笔记3 “祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构(1)and用于“祈使句+and+简单句”这一结构中,其中祈使句相当于一个肯定的条件状语从句,并列连词and引导的简单句常用一般将来时。
如:Go at once, and you will see her. =If you go at once, you will see her.马上去,那么你就会见到她了。
(2)用于“祈使句+or+简单句”这一结构中,祈使句相当于一个否定的条件状语从句,并列连词or引导的简单句常用一般将来时。
Read this article, or you will understand that not everything can be bought with money.精彩笔记4 常用的并列连词and 从属连词。
语法专项突破专题十二句子的种类考点一肯定句变否定句陈述句是用来叙述一件事情或表明说话人的看法、态度等的句子。
其包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。
肯定句变否定句的方法有:1.若句中有be动词、情态动词或助动词,则分别在它们的后面加上not。
Paul is a doctor.保罗是一名医生。
→Paul isn't a doctor.保罗不是一名医生。
Jim can swim.吉姆会游泳。
→Jim can't swim.吉姆不会游泳。
I will buy a bike.我打算买一辆自行车。
→I won't buy a bike.我不打算买一辆自行车。
2.句中谓语动词是行为动词时,要在行为动词前加don't,doesn't或didn't,行为动词要用原形。
另外,还需要将原句子中的some改为any;too改为either;already改为yet;and改为or。
I have some apples,too.我也有一些苹果。
→I don't have any apples,either.我也没有一些苹果。
考点二一般疑问句英语中的疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种。
所谓一般疑问句,就是可以用yes或no来回答的疑问句。
1.肯定式的一般疑问句此类一般疑问句的结构为:“be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?”。
Are you a worker?你是一名工人吗?Can you dance?你会跳舞吗?Do you like Kobe?你喜欢科比吗?2.否定式的一般疑问句此类一般疑问句主要表示反问或惊讶,通常在be动词、情态动词或助动词后加not的简略式n't,并放在句首。
在否定式的一般疑问句的答语中,yes应翻译成“不”,no应翻译成“是的”。
—Aren't you a writer?难道你不是作家吗?—No,I'm not.是的,我不是。
英语中考”句型”专题精炼解说1.主语+谓语这种句型简称为主谓构造,其谓语一般都是不及物动词,后面可以有其他成分润饰。
如:Th i n gs ch an g e.H e sm i l e s h a p pi l y.2.主语+连系动词+表语这种句型称为主系表构造。
如:M r.S m i th i s a n ar ti s t.T h e h am bu r ge r ta s t e s go o d.注:表语位于系动词以后。
常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词得-i n g、从句来充任。
常见系动词有:(1)表状况系动词---b e如:H e i s a te ac h e r. He i s i l l.(2)持续系动词--用来示意主语持续或坚持一种状况或态度,常见有ke e p, r e m ai n,s t a y,如:H e al wa y s ke p t si l e n t。
(3)表像系动词--用来示意"看起来像"这一概念,重要有se e m, a p pe ar, l o o k,如:H e l o o k s ti re d.H e se e m s(to be) ve ry s a d.(4)感官系动词---感官系动词重要有f e e l,s m e l l, so u n d,t a s te,如:T h i s ki n d o f cl o th f e e l s ve ry so f t.T h at so u n d s i n te r e st i n g.T h i s f l o we r sm e l l s ve ry s we e t.I t ta s te s d e l i ci o u s.(5)改变系动词--这些系动词示意主语变成什么样,重要有b e co m e, g ro w, tu rn, f al l,g e t, go, co m e,等。
专题9 简单句与并列句考点一、简单句的类型及其用法1. 基本句型一:主+谓= S+Vi (主+不及物动词)简单句 基本句型一:主+谓= S+Vi (主+不及物动词) 1)S + Vi + 副词(状语)eg :Birds sing beautifully. 2)S + Vi + 介词短语(状语)eg :He went on holiday. 3)S + Vi + 不定式(状语)eg :We stopped to have a rest. 4)S + Vi + 分词(状语)eg :I'll go swimming. 基本句型二:S+ V系+ P(主+系+表) 1)S + V + 名词/代词 eg :He is a boy. 2)S + V + 形容词 eg :She is beautiful. 3)S + V +副词 eg :Class isover. 4)S + V + 介词短语 eg :He isin good health. 5)S + V+ 分词 eg :He is excited. 基本句型三:S+ Vt + O(主+及物+宾) 1)S + Vt + 名词/代词 eg :I like music. She hates him. 2)S + Vt + 不定式 eg :I want to help him. 3)S + Vt + 疑问词+ 不定式 eg :I don't know what to do. ★常用于这句型的动词有:ask, decide, forget, know 等。
4)S + Vt + 动名词 eg :I enjoyliving here. ★常用于这句型的动词有:advise, enjoy, finish, mind,等。
5)S + Vt + 宾语从句 eg :I don't think (that) he is right. ★常用于这句型的动词有:hope, know, notice, think,等。
2024届九年级英语中考一轮复习【语法专题】形容词和副词的比较级最高级句型和注意点总结与练习九年级英语教研室整理形容词和副词的比较级、最高级句型(1)形容词及副词比较级的句型:①比较级+than…:…比…较为…。
即:“A+动词+形容词或副词比较级+than+B”。
两者相比较,A比B更…一些。
eg:His brother is younger than I(me).他弟弟比我年轻。
Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan.北京比武汉更漂亮。
注意:在比较级前有时可加一些修饰语,如much,a lot,a little,still,even等以示强调或加强语气。
eg:This box is a little heavier than yours.这个箱子比你的要稍重一些。
This movie is much more interesting than that one.这部影片比那部有趣得多。
②as…as:…和…相同。
即:A+动词+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B,表示A和B两者比较,程度相同,“…和…相同”。
eg:My uncle is as tall as your father.我叔叔和你父亲一样高。
My dog is as old as that one.我的狗与那个狗一样大。
③ A+not+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B,表示A,B两者程度不同,即“A不如B那么…”。
eg:My uncle is not as tall as your father.我叔叔不如你父亲高。
Tom is not as honest as John.汤姆不如约翰诚实。
He can't run as /so fast as you.他没你跑得快。
④“比较级+ and +比较级”或“more and more +原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)”,意为“越来越…”。
eg:Our city is more and more beautiful.我们的城市越来越美丽了。
初三复习:有关英语句子的考点集汇讲解和训练初三系列复习资料(7)有关英语句子的考点集汇,讲解和训练七、句子种类【考点直击】按照句子的用途,英语句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
按照句子的结构,英语句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
中考对句子的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:1. 陈述句的构成形式及基本用法;2. 祈使句的构成形式及基本用法;3. 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的构成形式及基本用法;4. 由what, how引导的感叹句的构成形式、用法及区别对于各种从句的用法我们在后面分别论述。
【名师点睛】一. 陈述句的构成形式及基本用法1. 陈述句:陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人看法(包括肯定和否定)的句子。
通常用降调,句末用句号“.”。
Tom has a new car.The flower isn’t beautiful.2. 陈述句否定式的构成(1) 如果肯定陈述句的谓语部分含有助动词、情态动词或连系动词be,则只需在这些动词后加not即可构成否定式。
He is playing the guitar.(肯定)He is not playing the guitar.(否定)We can get there before dark.(肯定)We can’t get thee before dark.(否定)(2) 如果陈述句的谓语动词是实义动词,而其中又没有情态动词或助动词时,则需根据人称和时态在该实义动词前加don’t, doesn’t或didn’t。
同时把该实义动词变为原形。
He plays the violin well.(肯定)He doesn’t play the violin well.(否定)She won the game.(肯定)She didn’t win the game.(否定)(3) 如果句子是there be结构或谓语动词是have(有),除了be和have之后加not之外,句中如果有some要变为any。
句子类型【要点提示】英语句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1. 简单句由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成,其五种基本句型分别为:“主语 + 不及物动词”、“主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语”、“主语 + 系动词 + 表语”、“主语 + 双宾动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”、“主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”。
2. 并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句(即分句)组成。
常用的连词或副词有and, but, or, then, so等。
3. 复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
初中阶段要求掌握宾语从句和状语从句的简单用法。
【考点分述】句子类型的考点主要集中在复合句上面,下面就初中阶段需要掌握的复合句的用法作一归纳。
1. 宾语从句1)由that引导的宾语从句。
有大量的动词可以接that引导的宾语从句,如advise, agree, believe, decide, find, hear, hope, insist, know, learn, mean, realize, say, see, show, suggest, tell, think, wish等。
2)由连接代(副)词引导的宾语从句。
这类连接代(副)词主要有what, who, which, where, why, how, whether, if等。
3)直接引语变间接引语时常用到宾语从句。
2. 状语从句1)时间状语从句。
时间状语从句通常由when, while, as, since, after, before, as soon as, till / until等引导。
其中需要我们注意的是:当主句是一般将来时,时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
例如:I won’t go out until my mother returns.2) 地点状语从句。
地点状语从句通常由where,wherever等引导。
3) 原因状语从句。
原因状语从句通常由because,since, as等引导。
其中需要我们注意的是:because 和 so 不能同时出现一个句子中。
例如:Because she failed again, so she was unhappy. (×)She failed again, so she was unhappy. (√)4) 条件状语从句。
条件状语从句通常由if, unless等引导。
其中需要我们注意的是:当主句是一般将来时,条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
例如:If you will work hard, you’ll succeed. (×)If you work hard, you’ll succeed. (√)5) 目的状语从句。
目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that等引导。
6) 结果状语从句。
结果状语从句通常由so, so ...that, such ... that等引导。
其中需要我们注意的是:在such ... that引导的结果状语从句中,such 后接名词, 在so ... that引导的结果状语从句中,so后接形容词或副词。
当名词前有many, few, much, little等词时,通常用so,而不用such。
例如:Eric was so good at Maths that he got the first place in the Maths contest.He gave me such good advice that I finished the task easily.Mike had so little money that he was unable to buy a mobile phone.7) 让步状语从句。
让步状语从句通常由even though, even if, although, though等来引导。
其中需要我们注意的是:在含有although或though引导的让步状语从句的复合句中,主句不能同时出现but。
例如:Although / Though he is famous, but he is not happy. (×)Although / Though he is famous, he is not happy. (√)8) 方式状语从句。
方式状语从句通常由as引导。
9) 比较状语从句。
比较状语从句通常由as / so ...as,than等引导。
【专项练习】Ⅰ. 请根据汉语句子意思,将下列句子译成英语。
1. 她很早就到了。
___________________________________________2. 这种纸摸起来很柔软。
___________________________________________3. 你能把那本字典递给我吗?___________________________________________ 4. 我停下来找那支钢笔,但没找到。
___________________________________________5. 上个月我们选了他当班长。
___________________________________________6. 我听见那个女孩在隔壁房间唱歌。
___________________________________________7. 他的女儿嫁给了一个工程师。
___________________________________________8. 湖里有许多鱼。
___________________________________________9. 这就是你想要的那本杂志。
___________________________________________10. 我认为他在八点前不会回来的。
___________________________________________Ⅱ. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
( )1. We won’t get there on time __________ we leave early tomorrow morning.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. because( )2. ________they had finished their work, they went home.A. WhenB. WhileC. AfterD. Until( )3. The students can’t answer the question, ________ it is too hard.A. beforeB. althoughC. afterD. because( )4. He didn’t go home __________the rain stopped.A. whenB. afterC. sinceD. until( )5. —Have you found your gloves?—Yes, they were lying _________ I often put my watch.A. whatB. whichC. howD. where( )6. He wants to find a better job__________ he canmake more money.A. as soon asB. so thatC. whereD. while( )7. You must take the medicine___________ you get well.A. whileB. sinceC. tillD. so( )8. The old man helped lots of children with their schooling, __________he was not rich enough.A. ifB. unlessC. sinceD. though( )9. —Why don’t you join the basketball club?— ___________I am not interested in it.A. BecauseB. ForC. AsD. Since( )10. —_________ he is rich, __________there is something that he can’t buy. —Yes. Such as friendship and love.A. Because, 不填B. Though, 不填C. Because, soD. Though, but( )11.___________he is old, he is healthy enough.A. IfB. ButC. As soon asD. Although( )12. ____________I thought the book was boring, the other students in my class liked it.A. SoB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. If( )13. You will make great progress_________ you study very hard.A. ifB. unlessC. beforeD. until( )14. —How long have you been collecting stamps?— ____________I was ten years old.A. WhenB. SinceC. BeforeD. After( )15.__________ I didn’t feel well yesterday, I asked for leave.A. AlthoughB. ButC. UnlessD. Because( )16. —Where is my radio?—You lent it to me _________ you were in the classroom yesterday.A. whenB. whereC. becauseD. before( )17. You should ask for your mother’ssuggestions __________ you make your own decision.A. afterB. beforeC. untilD. as( )18. He met many difficulties _________he waslooking for his first job.A. beforeB. as soon asC. whileD. until( )19. You can cross the stree t____________ the traffic lights turn green.A. thoughB. butC. beforeD. after( )20. We’ll go climbing if it___________ this weekend.A. won’t rainB. isn’t rainingC. wasn’t rainingD. doesn’t rain( )21. Don’t worry. I will help you ___________ I finish my work.A. whileB. as soon asC. unlessD. though( )22. __________I was having dinner, Scott called me.A. SinceB. WhileC. BecauseD. If( )23. She can run as fast_________ her mother, she is only ten years old.A. as, thoughB. as, unlessC. than, whenD. than, as( )24. __________you have come, you shouldn’t go away soon.A. AlthoughB. BecauseC. SinceD. So that( )25. Do you mind __________I go to visit your farm this weekend?A. ifB. becauseC. asD. until( )26. The boy had been sent to hospital _________the policemen came.A. asB. whileC. whenD. if( )27. Mary finds it easier to speak_________ to write.A. asB. thanC. soD. if( )28. He was watching TV___________ the alien (外星人) came in.A. whileB. asC. sinceD. when( )29. _________ he refused my invitation, I was not angry with him.A. BecauseB. ButC. ThoughD. As( )30. He ate _________food _________ he couldn’t go to sleep qui ckly.A. so much, thatB. so many, soC. so much, asD. so many, that Ⅲ. 同义句转换,每空一词(含缩写)。