2018考研英语真题中常见词汇总结：法律类(2)_毙考题

法律英语学习必备词汇（二）法律术语是具有专门法学涵义的词语。

在法律语言中，法律词语和专门法律术语是意义表达的基础和核心。

鉴于法律术语的专业性特点和核心地位，在学习法律英语时我们应准确学习并牢记掌握法律词汇的意义和使用属性。

下面是法平整理的法律词语及其涵义，希望大家在学习过程中也有针对性地整理自己的glossary~Damages赔偿金：民事案件中被告支付给获胜的原告以赔偿其伤害的金钱。

补偿性赔偿金旨在支付原告的实际损失；惩罚性赔偿金则用于处罚被告。

Declaratory judgment确认之诉：此时法院根据成文法、遗嘱，或合约概述当事人的权利。

Defendant被告：民事案件中原告控告的人或组织；刑事案件中则是被控犯罪的人。

Deposition口供证词：在获法律之授权可主持宣誓的官员面前所做的口头证词。

在证据揭示过程中，这类陈述常用来检验潜在证人。

Discovery证据揭示：律师在准备审判时知悉对方论据的过程。

典型的证据揭示工具包括口头证词、书面询问，以及要求调阅相关文件。

Dissenting opinion异议：由反对法院审理案件结果的一名法院成员所写的意见书。

Diversity of citizenship suit不同公民资格之诉讼：某一州公民对其他州公民提出的民事法律程序。

En banc全院会审：由法院全体成员而非只有一个法官小组参与的开庭期。

Equity衡平法：法官得以发布一项补救办法以避免或纠正即将发生之不法行为的法律范畴；例如对工会的非法罢工发出禁止令。

Ex post facto law追溯法令：为美国宪法所禁止，此法在行为发生后才宣布该行为不合法。

Federal question联邦问题：如果一桩法院案件环绕着对联邦法、美国宪法，或条约的解释打转，则此案件便包含了一个联邦问题，并可由联邦法院审理。

Felony重罪：刑罚可能为死刑或囚禁于监狱的罪行。

Grand jury大陪审团：由16至23名公民组成的团体，负责听取由检察官提出的刑事指控之证据并判定是否有充分的理由相信某人已犯下罪行。

法律英语常用词汇汇总Legal English Vocabulary CompilationIntroduction:In the field of law, having a strong grasp of legal English vocabulary is crucial. It provides a foundation for effective communication, allowing lawyers, judges, and legal professionals to articulate their ideas accurately and precisely. This article aims to provide a comprehensive compilation of commonly used legal terms in English. By familiarizing yourself with these terms, you will enhance your understanding of legal documents, contracts, and discussions.1. Contractual Terms:- Offer: A proposal made by one party to another, indicating a willingness to enter into a legally binding agreement.- Acceptance: The expression of agreement to the terms outlined in an offer, creating a legally enforceable contract.- Consideration: Something of value exchanged between parties to a contract, usually money or a promise to perform specific actions.- Breach: A violation of the terms of a contract, resulting in a legal dispute between the parties involved.- Termination: The act of ending or canceling a contract, either through mutual agreement or due to a breach.2. Criminal Law Terms:- Defendant: An individual who has been accused of committing a crime and is on trial for that offense.- Prosecution: The party responsible for presenting the case in a criminal trial, aiming to prove the guilt of the accused.- Evidence: Facts or information presented in court to establish the truth or falsehood of an alleged fact.- Verdict: The decision made by a judge or jury at the conclusion of a criminal trial, determining the guilt or innocence of the defendant.- Sentencing: The process of determining the appropriate punishment for a convicted individual.3. Civil Law Terms:- Plaintiff: The party initiating a lawsuit, seeking a resolution or compensation for harm or damages suffered.- Defendant: The party against whom a lawsuit is filed, required to defend themselves against the allegations made.- Litigation: The process of resolving disputes or disagreements through the court system.- Damages: Monetary compensation awarded to a plaintiff in a civil case to compensate for losses or injuries suffered.- Injunction: A court order requiring a person or entity to refrain from certain activities or to perform specific actions.4. Intellectual Property Terms:- Copyright: Legal protection provided to original creative works, such as books, music, art, or software, preventing unauthorized copying or use.- Trademark: A symbol or phrase used to identify and distinguish goods or services from those of others, protected by law against unauthorized use.- Patent: A government-granted right that allows inventors to exclude others from making, using, or selling their invention for a limited time.- Trade Secret: Confidential and valuable business information, such as formulas, techniques, or customer lists, protected from disclosure or unauthorized use.5. Corporate Law Terms:- Incorporation: The process of forming a legal entity, such as a company or corporation, separate from its owners.- Shareholder: An individual or entity that owns shares or stock in a corporation, representing ownership and potentially receiving dividends.- Merger: The combination of two or more companies into a single entity, often for reasons of efficiency or expansion.- Acquisition: The purchase of a controlling interest in a company by another, resulting in one entity gaining control over the other.- Board of Directors: A group of elected or appointed individuals responsible for overseeing the management and direction of a company.Conclusion:A solid understanding of legal English vocabulary is indispensable for anyone involved in the legal field. By familiarizing yourself with the terms outlined in this article, you will be better equipped to navigate legal documents, contracts, and discussions. Remember, language is a powerful tool, and precision in legal matters is of utmost importance. Continuously expanding your legal English vocabulary will undoubtedly contribute to your professional growth and effectiveness in your legal career.。

2018考研英语真题中常见词汇总结：法律类(3)词汇是考研英语中最核心、最基础部分。

对于众多参加考研的非英语专业考生而言，涉及到专业术语的词汇难免会成为拦路虎。

下面整理了历年考研英语真题中反复出现的各类词汇，一起来看下吧！ 2018考研英语真题中常见词汇总结：法律类(3)1.disparity [dɪ spærɪtɪ] n.不同，不等记词根记忆：dis(不)+par(平等，相同)+ity(名词后缀)→不相同例Many organizations struggle with the disparity and distribution ofinformation. 信息的不一致和分散让很多组织十分烦恼。

2. jurisdiction [,dʒʊərɪs dɪkʃən] n.司法权;权限记词根记忆：juris(法律)+dict(说，命令)+ion(名词后缀)→法律上命令→司法权例This case comes under the jurisdiction of a lower court.这个案件属于低一级法院的管辖范围。

3. comparison [kəm pærɪsən] n.比较，对照记词根记忆：com(共同)+pari(平等)+son(名词后缀)→比较例The article makes a comparison between the two poems. 这篇文章把这两首诗作了比较。

4. legitimate [,ɪlɪ dʒɪtɪmət] a.合法的记词根记忆：legitim(=legis)(合法)+ate(形容词后缀)→合法的例Their business operations are perfectly legitimate. 他们的商业活动完全合法。

5. census [ sensəs] n.人口普查记词根记忆：cens(判断)+us(名词后缀)→调查(人口)→普遍调查例In China, the 2010 census reveals there are now 118 boys for every 100girls, a skewed sex ratio that is higher than a decade ago.在中国，2010年人口普查结果显示，现在男女比例为118比100，这样一个不平衡的性别比例比十年前还要高。

2018年考研英语真题词汇resolve 消除，解释清楚；解决inherent 内在的，固有的；生来就有的willingness 乐意；心甘情愿stimuli 刺激（stimulus的复数）twist 意外转折electrified 带电的incur 招致；遭受；引起subsequent 随后的，继…之后的reproduce 使再次发生；再现fingernail 手指甲chalkboard 黑板schooling 学校教育withdrawal 撤走；收回inquiry 探究；探索；调查self-reliant 自力更生的self-destructive 自毁的，自残的self-evident 不证自明的，显而易见的self-deceptive 自欺的instinct 本能；直觉backfire 产生事与愿违的结果insight 洞悉；深刻见解profound 知识渊博的，理解深刻的，意义深远的resist 按捺；抗拒trace 追溯；找到overlook 忽视，忽略conceal 隐藏，隐瞒follow through 进行到底；坚持完成ahead of time 提前，提早determine 查明；测定；确定endeavor 尝试，努力justify 证明别人认为不合理的事有道理，为…辩护as though 好像，似乎utterly 完全地，十足地overwhelm 使不知所措，压倒graffiti 涂鸦，乱涂乱画accepted wisdom 传统信念，普遍看法mechanical memorization 机械记忆stuck with sth 粘住，无法摆脱insidious 暗中为害的prejudice 偏见inferiority 低等，劣等vocational education 职业教育evaporate 逐渐消逝headlong 轻率仓促的turn sth. on its head 使人完全改变思路be staring sb. in the face 非常清楚/容易看见（你却看不见）wake-up call 叫醒电话，警示，警钟one-size-fits-all 一刀切momentum 势头go on line 在运转，在运行commitment 承诺farsighted 有远见的plummeting 直线下降的，暴跌的stem from 出自，来源于notably 尤其是，特别是take the lead 取得领先地位underline 强调dismiss 拒绝考虑，否定，搁置play with 被接受，买账quick 聪明的，明锐的，反应快的put-down 贬损的话，奚落的话skeptic 持怀疑态度的人in part 在某种程度上place big bets on 在…上下大赌注be a rarity 极为罕见spike 激增mean less and less 作用越来越小upmarket 高级的，高端的acquire 购得，收购intricate 错综复杂的grocery chain 连锁杂货店physical product 实体产品enormously 极其，非常revealing 揭示内情的，泄密的plot 密谋，策划go through 被认可，成交；通过not so much…but…与其说毋宁说break the promise 食言clumsy 笨拙，不灵活的remedy 纠正，改正；治疗，救治to sb’s disadvantage 对…不利predatory 捕食性的，食肉的spammer 垃圾邮件发送者analogy 类推；类似；类比combat 防止，减轻distracted 心烦意乱的，思想不集中的put/place/set a premium on sb./sth. 重视，珍视retreat 静修期间ritual 程序，仪轨；习惯throughout the day 终日，整天keep to 坚持；信守；固守prioritise 按重要性排列craft 精心制作demotivate 使失去动力，使消极render 使变得；使处于某状态improvisation 即兴表演reap 收获，取得（成果）downtime 停工期，休息indulgence 沉溺，放纵psychiatry 精神病学pay a unique compliment 致以特别的赞美make the first move 迈出第一步，先采取行动stuck 卡住的jolt 颠簸，震动，摇晃；一阵强烈的感情（尤指震惊或惊讶）all of a sudden 突然wholeheartedly 全心全意地tick 打勾encyclopedia 百科全书institute 制定（政策等）；实行avenue 途径；手段passionately 炽热地，狂热地reschedule 重新安排terribly 非常necessitate 使…不可避免pie chart 饼状图per capita 人均dine out 外出进餐disposable income 可支配收入primary concern 首要关心的问题catering companies 餐饮企业respectively 各自地。

2018考研英语长难句解析：每日一句(32)2008年真题Section ⅡReading Comprehension Part A   Text 1 第4段第5句The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be indomestic situations,by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and theytend not to be one-shot deals.译文：女性遭遇到的人际关系暴力往往来自家庭内部，通常是由——很遗憾——父母或其他家庭成员施加的，并且这些行为往往不是一次性的。

分析：该句的主干结构为and连接的两个并列分句。

第一个分句的主干是The kinds of interpersonal violence…tendto be…，其中出现了that引导的定语从句，修饰主语。

在该定语从句中，主语为women，谓语为are exposedto，关系代词that则代替先行词The kinds of interpersonalviolence充当宾语。

该从句后面的动词tend是第一个分句的谓语，后面的动词不定式to be in domesticsituations是宾语。

Unfortunately是第一个分句中的插入语，by parents or other family members 是indomestic situations的同位语，都是用于说明第一个分句主语的状态和性质的。

第二个分句是主谓宾结构，主语2they指代第一个分句里的主语1，动词tend和否定词not构成谓语，后面的动词不定式to be one-shot deals是宾语。

词汇指南interpersonal[,intə pə:sənl](adj.)人与人之间的,人际关系的(2008年-阅读1、2010年-阅读3)(inter-在两者之间，personal-私人的,个人的→ 人与人之间的,人际关系的)考点搭配：Interpersonal link 人际关系(2010年-阅读3)violence[ vaiələns](n.)猛烈,激烈;暴力(行为)(高考词汇)(2008年-阅读1)(viol=whirl-旋转，ence-名词后缀→由高速旋转而带来的运动状态——即猛烈,激烈，引申出暴力(行为) 。

考研英语历年真题重点词组与词汇【衍】ANALYZE ANALYST ANALYTIC ANALYZABLEThe analysis of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police.对谋杀现场标本的分析为警察提供了一些有价值的线索。

approach接近，靠近解析：【注意】approach后面接地点、人物和目标时是及物动词，否则是不及物动词。

作及物动词时还可引申为研究，考虑，商洽等义，作名词时，可表示途径，态度等。

The time is approaching when we must be on board.我们上船的时间快到了。

area地带，地区解析：【同】district，zone，region【辨析】area表示面积，地区（面积较大，但不指行政单位）如the area of your hand；region指在地理上有天然界限或有自己特色的一个单位，或自治区等行政单位，也可指领域（同sphere，realm）；district性质较region相近，但一般比region小，如县级区用district；zone是个环绕区域，有严格的边界，如经济特区a recreation area重新改建的地区tropical regions of South America南美的热带地区a residential zone居住区assessment评估，估算，评价解析：动词assess【同】estimate,appraise,assess,evaluate这些词都表示对客体的重要性形成定论estimate暗示评价的主观性和不精确appraise表示专业水准的评估,名词appraisalassess表示为确定某物的应税价值而作出的权威估价evaluate表示在确定价值时经过了深思熟虑，不一定是金钱价值assume假定,设想，担任;承担;接受解析：【同】suppose【辨析】suppose最不正式，表示根据一定证据作出的见解，assume用于逻辑推理，强调一种缺乏证据的结论，以检验某种建议。

完整版)法律专业英语词汇Part 1: 刑法词汇1.罪犯（criminal）：犯罪行为的实施者。

2.杀人（murder）：故意造成他人死亡的行为。

3.盗窃（theft）：非法占有他人财产的行为。

4.强奸（rape）：非法性侵他人的行为。

5.纵火（arson）：故意放火的行为。

6.敲诈（___）：以暴力或威胁手段获取财产的行为。

7.走私（smuggling）：非法将商品或物品携带入境或出境。

8.贩毒（drug trafficking）：非法交易毒品或在毒品交易中参与。

9.偷税漏税（___）：通过欺诈手段逃避缴纳税款。

10.洗钱（money laundering）：将非法获取的资金合法化。

Part 2: 民事法词汇1.合同（contract）：双方达成的书面或口头协议，产生法律效力。

2.索赔（claim）：要求对方支付损失或赔偿的权利。

3.诉讼（n）：通过法律程序解决争端。

4.侵权（infringement）：侵犯他人权益或利益的行为。

5.损害赔偿（n）：对因他人行为受到损害的一方支付的补偿款项。

6.法定继承人（legal heir）：根据法律规定，有权继承遗产的人。

7.执行（enforcement）：将法律判决或裁决强制执行的行为。

8.违约（breach of contract）：不履行或违反合同中规定的义务。

9.诉讼费用（n costs）：诉讼过程中产生的费用，如律师费、鉴定费等。

10.司法鉴定（judicial appraisal）：法院指定的专门机构对相关事实或证据进行鉴定。

Part 3: 行政法词汇1.行政机关（administrative organ）：政府管理机关，行使行政权力。

2.行政处罚（administrative penalty）：行政机关根据法律或法规对违法行为采取的处罚措施。

3.行政许可（administrative license）：行政机关根据法律或法规对特定行为发出的批准文件。

考研英语词汇法律篇1.Tribunal n. 法官席, 审判员席, (特等)法庭. 裁决，公断the tribunal of public opinion.舆论的公断Military tribunal 军事法庭The Hague tribunal 海牙国际法庭2.Court n. 法院,立法机关、议会。

庭院球场, 奉承, 求爱, 殷勤vt.向...献殷勤, 追求, 设法获得(他人的支持等), 博得(喝彩), 招致(失败、危险等)a civil court 民事法庭a criminal court 刑事法庭juvenile court 少年法庭supreme court 最高法院kangaroo court 袋鼠法庭（非法或不按法律程序的法庭）3.suspect 嫌疑犯4．Plead vi.辩护, 恳求vt.为...辩护, 借口, 托称plead for more time.恳求更多的时间plead against a bill.反驳议案Your youth and simplicity plead for you in this instance.在这种情况下你的年轻和单纯成为有力的辩护plead guilty.承认罪行5.client 顾客，委托人6.case 案例，诉讼7.charge 控诉8.civilian lawyer 民事律师9.prosecute vt.实行, 从事, 告发, 起诉vi.告发, 起诉, 作检察官prosecute an inquiry [investigation]进行调查prosecute a search for...坚持查找...prosecute sb. for a crime指控[检举]某人犯罪prosecute a trade从事贸易He was prosecuted for murder.他被指控犯有谋杀罪。

(他因谋杀罪而被起诉。

)10.prosecutor 检举人 respondent被告 accused被告11.serve out 服刑 serve out in Australia12.custody n.监督，监视，看守，拘留His car was held in the custody of the police.他的汽车被警察扣压。

2018考研英语：考研英语真题高频词组（二）考研词汇的复习是考研英语后续复习的基础，在此，小编考研为大家整理了考研英语真题高频词组(二)，希望对大家有所帮助。

101.charge…for 因…索取(费用); charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有…102.round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地ment on 评论mit oneself to 使自己承担… commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱;commit one’s idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来;commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论105.in common (和…)有共同之处,共用.be common to sb. 是与某人所共有的106.keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和…要好. pare…with … 把…与…比较pare…to… 把…比作…109.by comparison 比较起来110.in comparison with (=in contrast to) 和…比起来pensate for (=give sth. to make up for) 补偿, 赔偿,弥补compensate sb. for sth. 赔偿,弥plain of(or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告; complain about 抱怨某人或事情;complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.) 向某人抱怨…; complain (抱怨);complement (补充); compliment (恭维)ply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.) 遵守, 依从114.conceive of (think of, imagine, consider) 想象,设想115.concentrate on (or upon) 集中,专心116.be concerned with (=about) 与…有关117.concern oneself about / with 关心118.in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一点; at the conclusion of 当…结束时;119.condemn sb. to 判决120.on condition that (=if)以…为条件, 假如; in that = because 因为; now that = since 既然; for all that = although 尽管121.in / out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit) 健康状况好/不好; in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态122.confess(to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth. wrong)承认, 供认; confess to a crime 承认罪行.confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about one’s secret) 对…讲真心话, 依赖124.in confidence 推心置腹地; with confidence 满怀信心地have confidence in 对…有信心125.confidence in sb. / sth. 对…的信赖126.be confident of 有信心;confidential 机密的127.confine…to… 把…限制在某范围内128.confirm sb. in 使某人更坚定(信念等)129.conform to (=be in agreement with, comply with) 符合,遵照,遵守;(1)obey服从; (2) observe; (3)comply with照…办;(4)keep to遵循(5)abide by服从;(6)stick to按..做130.be confronted with(=be brought face to face with) 面对, 面临131.congratulate sb. on 祝贺132.in connection with(=with regard to)关于,133.be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察,知道134.consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意135.in consequence (=as a result) 结果136.in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于…的结果137.under consideration 在考虑中138.in consideration of (=in return for, on account of, because of )由于139.on no consideration(in no case)无论如何也不140. in a word总之;in other words 换言之; have a word with sb.谈一谈;have words with sb.争吵;have the last word有决定权; keep one s word 遵守诺言141. work out ideas 出主意;work out the amount of…计算出…的数量;work out a problem解决问题; work out a puzzle解谜142. at the thought of一想到143. yield to 对…屈服,投降,让步,顺从144. be worthy of (=be deserving of)值得,够得上, 配得上145.take…into consideration (=take account of, take…into account)考虑到, 把...考虑进去146.considerate (=thoughtful of the needs) 体贴的, 考虑他人需要的, considerable相当大的,值得考虑的147.consist of(=be composed of)由…组成的. consist in主要在于. consist with符合,与…一致148.be consistent with(=be in agreement with)与…一致. be consistent in一贯的,149. consult sb. on/ about sth. 向…征求…方面的意见, 就…向…请教150. to one’s heart’s content尽情地,痛痛快快151. be content with(=be satisfied with) 满足于be content to do sth. 愿意做某事152. contrary to (=in opposition to) 与…相反153. on the contrary 相反154. contrast…with 把…与…相对(对照)155. in contrast to/with 和…形成对比; by contrast 对比之下156. contribute to 有助于157. under control (被)控制住out of control无法控制158. at one’s convenience(=where and when it suits one) 在方便的时间或地点; be convenient to / for 对…方便159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.)使某人确信,try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做…160. cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付, 处理161. in the corner(of)在角落里;on(at) the comer of a street在街道拐弯处;round the comer拐过弯; be in a tight corner陷入困境162. correspond (with) ( =exchange letters regularly) 通信163. correspond to 相当于.correspond with 符合,一致164. at all costs不惜任何代价at the cost of 以…为代价165. a matter of course 理所当然的事166. as a matter of course 当然地, 自然地167. in (during) the course 在…过程中168. in due course (=without too much delay) 没经过太久, 到一定时候169. on credit赊购; with credit以优异成绩; to one’s credit使某人感到光荣; do sb. credit使…感到光荣170.be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的171. cure sb. of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病172.a danger to对…的危险; be in danger(of)处于…危险中; be out of danger脱离危险173. to date(=so far, until now) 到目前为止174. out of date过时的;up to date新式的,时兴的; date back to可追溯到; date from从某时期开始(有)175. deal with (=concern) 论及176. be in debt to sb. 欠…的债177. on the decline 在衰退中, 在减少中in decline 下降; on the increase 在增加178. to one’s delight 令某人感到高兴; to one’s regret 遗憾; sorrow悲痛; relief 安心; distress 苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise 惊奇; astonishment 惊奇;179. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢, 取乐180. take (a) delight in 喜欢干…, 以…为乐181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求(非物质的)东西. demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物质的)东西182.in demand有需求;on demand受到要求时183. be dependent on 依靠184. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物185. derive…from(=obtain…from)从…取得,由…来的.derive from(=come from)起源于186. despair of (=lose all hope of) 绝望187. in despair 绝望188. despite (=in spite of) 不管, 尽管189. in detail 详细地190. deviate from 偏离, 不按…办191. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食, 节食192. differ from…in 与…的区别在于…193. in difficulties…有困难,处境困难,194. discharge sb. (from)…for (=dismiss sb. from a job for) 因…解雇, 开除195. fall back (=retreat, turn back) 撤退; in disorder 慌乱地, 狼狈不堪196. on display(=being shown publicly)陈列197. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)处理掉198. beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议199. in dispute 在争议中200. in the distance 在远处. make out 辩认出。

2018考研英语必背词汇（二）11 The European Commission said that it had carried out“unannounced inspections” at big oil and biofuel companies, including Shell, BP, Norway’s Statoil, as well as at Platts, the world’s leading price-reporting agency.欧盟委员会声称已经对大型的石油和生物燃料公司展开“抽检”，包括壳牌石油公司，英国石油公司，挪威国家石油公司，以及全球领先的报价机构，普氏能源资讯。

commission◆n. 委员会；犯（罪）v. 委任；委托【构词】com+miss(=send/cast,送,放出,派,错过)+ion【近】council n. 委员会；理事会【词组】in commission 服役中shell n. 壳v. 去壳；剥落【派生】shell less a. 无壳的【近】crust n. 面包皮；硬外壳【词组】shell out 付款；交予leading a. 前列的；主要的agency n. 机构；代理；（政府的）局、处【构词】ag(=do/act,做,代理做)+ency 【近】department n. 部门；系；知识范围（Business this week/May 18, 2013）12 Charities who find Section501(c)(3)’s restrictions hamper their advocacy, often create a (c)(4) affiliate to pursue their lobbying agenda.认为（美国国内税收法）501(c)(3)免税条款的限制条件（501(c)(3)定义的组织禁止参加与公职选举有关的政治活动）妨碍了其政治主张的慈善机构，常常会创造出一个符合501(c)(4)类型的隶属组织来从事他们的游说活动。

法律英语词汇大全（完美版）一、基本法律词汇1. 法律（Law）：国家制定或认可的，用以规范社会成员行为、调整社会关系的规范总称。

2. 法规（Regulation）：国家行政机关根据法律制定的具有普遍约束力的规范性文件。

3. 条款（Clause）：法律、合同等文件中的具体规定。

4. 判决（Judgment）：法院对案件审理后作出的结论性意见。

5. 律师（Lawyer）：依法取得执业资格，为社会提供法律服务的专业人员。

6. 诉讼（Lawsuit）：当事人依法向法院提起的请求保护自己合法权益的程序。

二、刑法相关词汇1. 犯罪（Crime）：违反刑法规定，危害社会，依法应受刑罚处罚的行为。

2. 罪名（Charge）：对犯罪嫌疑人指控的具体犯罪名称。

3. 刑罚（Punishment）：国家对犯罪分子实行的一种强制措施，包括主刑和附加刑。

4. 刑事责任（Criminal Responsibility）：犯罪分子因其犯罪行为所应承担的法律责任。

5. 量刑（Sentencing）：法院根据犯罪分子的犯罪事实、情节和悔罪表现，依法决定刑罚的种类和幅度。

三、民法相关词汇1. 合同（Contract）：当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事法律关系的协议。

2. 权利（Right）：法律赋予当事人实现某种利益的可能性。

3. 义务（Obligation）：当事人依法应承担的责任。

4. 赔偿（Compensation）：因侵权行为给他人造成损失，依法应承担的经济补偿责任。

5. 继承（Inheritance）：继承人依法取得被继承人遗产的法律制度。

四、商法相关词汇1. 公司（Company）：依法设立的，以营利为目的的企业法人。

2. 股东（Shareholder）：持有公司股份，享有公司权益和承担公司风险的人。

3. 破产（Bankruptcy）：债务人因不能清偿到期债务，经法院宣告破产，对其财产进行清算的法律程序。

4. 票据（Bill）：具有一定格式，载明一定金额，由出票人签发，无条件支付给持票人或指定人的有价证券。

法律英语常用词汇法律英语常用词汇汇总法律通常是指由社会认可国家确认立法机关制定规范的行为规则，并由国家强制力(主要是司法机关)保证[1] 实施的，以规定当事人权利和义务为内容的，对全体社会成员具有普遍约束力的一种特殊行为规范(社会规范)。

以下是关于法律的英语常用词汇汇总。

一、律师部分案件受理费 court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case案由 cause of action案子 case包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits被告 defendant; the accused被上诉人 appellee被诉人 respondent; defendant本案律师 councel pro hac vice本地律师 local counsel毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate辩护词 defense; pleadings辩护律师 defense lawyer辩护要点 point of defense辩护意见 submission财产租赁 property tenancy裁定书 order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定)裁决书 award(用于仲裁)裁决书 verdict(用于陪审团)采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests查阅法条 source legal provisions产权转让 conveyancing出差 go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造 further study abroad出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion出示的证据 exhibit出庭 appear in court传票 summons; subpoena答辩状 answer; reply代理词 representation代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations代理仲裁 agency for arbitration代写文书 drafting of legal instruments待决案件 pending case当事人陈述 statement of the parties第三人 third party吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license调查笔录 investigative record调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence调解 mediation调解书 mediation二审案件 case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件 send e-mail法律顾问 legal consultants法律意见书 legal opinions法律援助 legal aid法律咨询 legal counseling法庭 division; tribunal法学博士学位 LL.D法学会 law society法学课程 legal courses法学硕士学位 LL.M法学系 faculty of law; department of law法学学士学位 LL.BJ.D法学院 law school法院公告 court announcement反诉状 counterclaim房地产律师 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer非合伙律师 associate lawyer非诉讼业务 non-litigation practice高级合伙人 senior partner高级律师 senior lawyer各类协议和合同 agreements and contracts公安局 Public Security Bureau公司上市 company listing公诉案件 public-prosecuting case公证书 notarial certificate国办律师事务所 state-run law office国际贸易 international trade国际诉讼 international litigation国内诉讼 domestic litigation合伙律师 partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, drafting and revision会见当事人 interview a client会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect兼职律师 part-time lawyer监狱 prison; jail鉴定结论 expert conclusion缴纳会费 membership dues举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi决定书 decision勘验笔录 record of request看守所 detention house抗诉书 protest控告人 accuser; complainant跨国诉讼 transnational litigation劳动争议 labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会 arbitration committee for labor disputes 劳改场 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm利害关系人 interested party; party in interest律管处处长 director of lawyer control department律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law律师惩戒 lawyer discipline律师法 Lawyer Law律师费 lawyer fee律师函lawyer’s letter律师见证 lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书 lawyer certification/authentication/witness律师卷宗lawyer’s docile; file律师刊物lawyer’s journal律师联系电话 contact phone number of a lawyer律师事务所 law office; law firm律师收费 billing by lawyer律师网站 lawyer website律师协会 National Bar Association律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association律师协会秘书长 secretary general of Bar Association律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition律师业务室lawyer’s office律师执业证 lawyer license律师助理 assistant lawyer律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate民事案件 civil case民事调解 civil mediation民事诉讼 civil litigation派出所 local police station; police substation判决 judgement;determination;sentence;verdict旁证 circumstantial evidence企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw企业重组 corporate restructure起诉状 information; indictment取消律师资格 disbar全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default 人民法院People’s Court人民检察院People’s Procuratorate认定事实 determine facts上诉案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case上诉人 appellant上诉状 petition for appeal涉外律师 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters 申请复议 administrative reconsideration petition申请加入律师协会application for admission to Law Association申请人 petitioner; claimant申诉案件 appeal case申诉人(仲裁) claimant; plaintiff申诉书 appeal for revision, petition for revision实习律师 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period实习律师证 certificate of apprentice lawyer视听证据 audio-visual reference material适用法律 apply law to facts受害人 victim书证 documentary evidence司法部 Ministry of Justice司法建议书 judicial advise司法局 Judicial Bureau司法局副局长 deputy director of Judicial Bureau司法局局长 director of Judicial Bureau司法统一考试 uniform judicial exam送达 service of process诉讼 litigation; action; lawsuit诉讼当事人 litigation party; litigious party诉讼业务 litigation practice诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim推销法律服务 promote/market legal service外国律师事务所 foreign law office委托代理合同 authorized representation contract委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent委托授权书 power of attorney物证 material evidence嫌疑人 criminal suspect项目融资 project financing项目谈判 project negotiating刑事案件 criminal case刑事诉讼 criminal litigation行政诉讼 administrative litigation休庭 adjourn the court; recess宣判 pronounce judgement; determination宣誓书 affidavit业务进修 attendance in advanced studies一审案件 case of trial of first instance与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreign law firms 原告 plaintiff证券律师 securities lawyer证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit执行笔录 execution record执业登记 registration for practice执业范围 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业申请 practice application执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyer license仲裁 arbitration仲裁案件 arbitration case仲裁机构 arbitration agency专门律师 specialized lawyer专职律师 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer撰写法律文章 write legal thesis资信调查 credit standing investigation自诉案件 private prosecuting case二、诉讼法律案件 case案件发回 remand/rimit a case案件名称 title of a case案卷材料 materials in the case案情陈述书 statement of case案外人 person other than involved in the case案值 total value involved in the case败诉方 losing party办案人员 personnel handling a case保全措施申请书 application for protective measures 报案 report a case被告 defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder被害人 victim被害人的诉讼代理人 victim’s agent ad litem被上诉人 respondent; the appellee被申请人 respondent被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed 被执行人 person subject to enforcement本诉 principal action必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord辩护 defense辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer辩护人 defender辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence 辩论阶段 stage of court debate驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书 notice of dismissal驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case 补充答辩 supplementary answer补充判决 supplementary judgement补充侦查 supplementary investigation不公开审理 trial in camera不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest 不起诉 nol pros不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation裁定 order; determination裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order裁定书 order; ruling裁决书 award采信的证据 admitted evidence查封 seal up撤回上诉 withdraw appeal撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据 exhibit除权判决 invalidating judgement传唤 summon; call传闻证据 hearsay答辩 answer; reply答辩陈述书 statement of defence答辩状 answer; reply大法官 associate justices; justice大检察官 deputy chief procurator代理控告 agency for accusation代理申诉 agency for appeal代理审判员 acting judge代为申请取保候审 agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure当事人陈述 statement of the parties当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court 地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院 inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate第三人 third party调查笔录 record of investigation定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结 freeze督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge独任庭 sole-judge bench独任仲裁员 sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决 judgement inter parties二审 trial of second instance二审案件 case of trial of second insurance罚款 impose a fine法定证据 statutory legal evidence法定证据制度 system of legal evidence法官 judges法警 bailiff; court police法律文书 legal instruments/papers法律援助 legal aid法律咨询 legal consulting法庭辩论 court debate法庭调查 court investigation法庭审理笔录 court record法庭审理方式 mode of court trial法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal法院 court法院公告 court announcement反诉 counterclaim反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim反诉状 counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action 复查 reexamination; recheck复验 reinspect高级法官 senior judge高级检察官 senior procurator高级人民法院Higher People’s Court告诉案件 case of complaint告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children公安部 Ministry of Public Security公安分局 public security sub-bureau公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理 trial in public公开审判制度 open trial system公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation 公诉案件 public-prosecuting case公诉词 statement of public prosecution公证机关 public notary office共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction管辖 jurisdiction国际司法协助 international judicial assistance海事法院 maritime court合议庭 collegial panel。

考研英语：阅读真题常见词汇考研英语：阅读真题常见词汇一、网络通信类1. Datebase 数据库2. date bit 数据位3. search agent 搜索代理；搜寻代理商；检索代理；代人；搜寻引擎4. interactive 交互式的5. key in 键入6. post 粘贴，帖子7. keyword 【关键词】：^p8. repeated viste 回访9. match 匹配项10. electronics电子学；电子学应用，电子器件11. telemunication 电信；电通信12. research productivity 研发才能13. electronic mail ____14. teleconference 远程会议15. distant conference site远程会议站16. sharing of information 信息共享17. microprocessor 微处理器18. transistor circuit 晶体管电路19. semiconductor 半导体20. electrify 电气化二、信息技术类1. multimedia多媒体2. multimedia learning system多媒体学习系统3. access time存取时间4. anti-virus programs杀毒软件5. assembler 汇编程序；汇编语言6. bar code条形码7. beeper传呼机8. buffer storage缓冲存储器9. call instruction呼叫指令10. cellular手机11. sat通讯卫星12. cordless telephone无绳13. cursor光标14. cyber crimes网上犯罪15. cyberspace电脑空间，网络世界，通讯、信息空间16. desktop台式计算机17. digital television数字电视18. electronic hearing aid电子助听器19. encryption加密20. fast-forward放录像带等时的快进21. fiber optic technology光纤技术22. firewall防火墙23. flat panel display平板显示技术24. floppy disk软盘25. geic engineering基因工程26. hacker黑客27. identifier标识符28. intelligent system智能系统29. intra内联网30. IT-industry信息产业31. jumbotran 〔电视机的〕超大屏幕32. know-how 〔技术〕窍门33. laser激光34. long-distance educational35. system远程教育系统36. microprocessor微处理机37. miniputer小型计算机38. modem调制解调器39. surfed网虫三、政治法律类1. parliament 国会，议会2. house of mons 下议院3. parliamentary debates 议会辩论4. self-evident principle 不言自明的法那么5. CIA〔central Intelligence agency)美国中央情报局6. verdict 陪审团的判决7. arbiter 仲裁者8. validity 有效性，合法性9. period terminate 截止日期10. suspension 中止，悬而未决11. in-house counsel 内部法律参谋12. citizenry 公民，国民13. basic right 根本权利14. privilege 特权15. higher up 上级，大人物16. elitism 出色人物统治论，精英论17. spymaster 组织首脑18. self-governing 自治的.，自我管理的19. espionage 活动四、地理天文类1. land mass 大陆块2. hemisphere 半球3. gravitation 地心引力4. solar system 太阳系5. natural phenomenon 自然现象6. drastic experiment 深度实验7. external result 外力作用的结果8. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳9. photosynthesis 光合作用10. ozone layer 臭氧层11. atmosphere pressure 气压12. air current 气流13. water vapor 水蒸汽14. saturation 饱和15. tidal wave 潮汐16. hot spot 热点17. ice cap 冰冠18. ice sheet 冰盾19. Ice age 冰河世纪20. light year 光年21. galaxy 星系22. cluster 星云23. detector 探测器24. space shuttle 宇宙飞船25. space exploration 宇宙勘探26. vertical flight 垂直飞行27. decibel 分贝28. velocity 速率29. inertia 惯性五、生物医学类1. evolution 进化2. evolutionary theory 进化论3. ariation 变异，变种4. gene 基因5. natural selection 物竞天择6. submicroscopic 亚微观的7. biomedical 生物医学的8. molecular biology 分子生物学9. epidemic 流行病10. cataract 白内障11. shot 皮下注射12. depressant 镇静剂13. mortality 死亡率14. sulfuric acid 硫酸15. bypass 替代管16. vaccine疫苗17. immunization 使免疫18. simple sugar 单糖19. tissue 组织20. hip 股骨21. nervous system 神经系统22. central nervous system中枢神经系统23. surgeon 外科医师24. physician 内科医师25. therapy 治疗26. clinical 临床的27. symptom 病症，征兆28. physical addiction 生理上瘾29. psychological disorder 心理失调30. psychological test 心理测试。

2018考研英语阅读常见词汇总结：政治与法律类考研英语阅读重在素材的积累，而词汇和短语更是素材积累的基础，考研英语大纲也不能全面的覆盖词汇和短语。

下面小编考研整理总结了考研英语阅读中常见的词汇类别，方便考生记忆！2018考研英语阅读常见词汇总结：政治与法律类accusation控告acquit宣判无罪amend修正appeal上诉apprehend拘押，逮捕arbitration仲裁，调停armed conflicts武装冲突attorney律师authorize授权autonomous自治的bilateral talks双边会淡civil law民法code法规，法典confinement关押，禁闭congressman国会议员conspiracy阴谋constitution宪法consul领事convict宣判有罪court法院court of appeal中级法院custody拘留criminal law刑法decree法令defendant被告defender辩护人defuse缓合，平息despot独裁者disarmament解除武装enforce实施，使生效established international practice国际惯例federal government联邦政府hierarchy等级制度humanitarian aid人道主义援助illicit非法的indemnity赔偿institution制度intellectual property.right知识产权interim government过渡政府joint declaration联合声明judicial司法的judiciary司法部jury陪审团lawsuit诉讼legal liability法律义务legislation立法legislative立法的legislature立法机构legitimate合法的litigant诉讼当事人litigation诉讼municipal市政的offense犯罪parliament议会pending未决的petition请愿plaintiff(民事)原告plead申诉，辩护probation缓刑.察看public prosecutor检查官reconciliation和解Representative众议院议员ruling(法官等)裁定secretary部长senate参议院senator参议员sovereignty主权statute成文法stipulation条文，规定subpoena传票suit起诉suitor(刑事)原告summit meeting首脑会议峰会terrorist attack恐怖袭击terrorist organizations恐怖组织undersecretary次长usurpation篡夺violation违犯。

2018 年英语专八常用法律词汇大全应届毕业生网为大家整理了2018 年英语业八常用法律词汇汇总，供各位考生参考，希望对大家有所帮助。

A
achievement n. 成就
about adv.. 关于
absence from U.K 离开英国
academic a.专科院校的。

研究院的;学术的
academic student 专科院校学生
address n.地址，住址
address for service(令状，传票的)送达地址
addresee n.收件人;收信人
addressor n.发件人;发信人
adjustment n.调整,适应
adjustment of status 调整身份
admission n. 入境
admission number 入境号码
admissible a. 可以接收的,可准入境的
adopt v.收养;正式通过
adopted children 养子女
advance n.前进。

进行
advanced degree 高等学位
affidavit n.宣誓书;正式书面陈述;保证书
affidavit of support 经济担保书
affirmation n.证实。

确认，誓言，事实的陈述。

2018考研英语词汇表accommodate 使适应，使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴，伴随She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等）accomplish one's purposeaccord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words.account 记述，叙述give a brief account of what has happenedaccumulate 积累，积攒，积聚accumulate wisdomaccurate 准确的，精确的an accurate estimateaccuse 指控，指责They accused her publicly of stealing their books.accustom 使习惯于accustom oneself to rising (to rise) earlyacquaint 使认识，使了解activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动They have planted secret agents in manycountries who could be activated wheneverneeded.acute 尖锐的，敏锐的an acute thinkeraddress 演说 a television addressadhere 黏附，附着Paste is used to make one页脚内容1surface adhere to another.adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and itsadjacent suburbsadjoin 贴近，与...毗邻His house adjoins thelake.administrate 掌管，料理...的事务In many Japanese homes,the funds are administrated by the wife.adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 afilm aimed at adolescentsadvance 使向前移动advance a chessman advantage 有利条件，优点Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term.adverse 不友好的，敌对的She felt adverse to her husband's friends. advocate 拥护，提倡，主张advocate self-defenceaesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美an aesthetic theoryaffliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated companyaffirm 断言，申明affirm the truth of a statementaggravate 加重，加剧，恶化aggravate the declining economy 页脚内容2aggressive 侵犯的，侵略的an aggressive weaponagitate 搅动（液体等）The machine agitated the mixture.alarm 惊恐，忧虑The bandits scattered in alarm.alert 警惕的，留神的In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.allege 断言，宣称The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt. allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给allocate funds for new projects allied 结盟的，有关联的allied nationsallowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowancealternate 交替，轮流Night and day alternate.amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者an amateur golfer ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的an ambiguous answer amend 修改，修订amend the spelling in sb.'s paperamuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣）The clown at the circus amused the children.anchor 锚The anchor catches (drags).announce 宣布，声称It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.页脚内容3annoy 使恼怒，使生气She was annoyed at (with) his lightheardattitude.anonymous 匿名的，无名的an anonymous letter (phone call)anticipate 预期，预料The directors anticipated a fall in demand (thatdemand would fall).apart 成零碎Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent 显然的，明明白白的It was apparent that they all understood.applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.apply 涂，敷He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint 任命，委派They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.appraise 估量，估计appraise the infant's weightappreciate 感激I appreciated your help much.apprehend 对...担心Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?approach 靠近，接近John is approaching manhood.appropriate 恰当的，相称的Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.approve 赞成，同意I couldn't approve his conduct.approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的The approximate time is 10 o'clock.apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes.页脚内容4arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的an arbitrary choicearise 起立，起身arise from one's seatarouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry.array 排列，队形The troops were formed in battle array.articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的He is articulateabout everything in the field of economics.artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的artificial pricecontrolsascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高The airplaneascended into the cloud.ascertain 查明，弄清，确定I ascertained that he wasdead.ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的I am ashamed for being sostupid.ashore 向岸，向陆地He swam ashore.aside 在旁边We stood aside to let her pass.assault 攻击，袭击We made an assault on the enemyfort.assemble 集合，召集assemble the members of页脚内容5Parliament for a special meeting.assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言He asserted hisinnocence.assess 估价，评价，评论assess the present state of theeconomyassign 分配，布置（作业）The teacher assigned (us)a new lesson.assimilate 吸收，消化He is quick to assimilate newideas.associate （使）联系，（使）结合We naturally associated thename of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.assume 假定，假设Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) theweather si favarable.assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证assurance 保证，把握，信心He gave me his assurance that he would help.astonish 使惊讶I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach 系，贴，连接attach a label to a suitcaseattain 达到，获得attain one’s goalattend 出席，参加（会议等）attend a wedding页脚内容6attendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率Our class has perfect attendance today. attentive 注意的，专心的an attentive audienceattribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work. auxiliary 辅助的an auxiliary rocketavail 有利于，有助于Will force alone avail us?average 平均数，平均The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.avert 挡开，防止，避免Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.awake 醒，觉醒awake from sleepbang （突发的）sudden loud bangbare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的walk in bare feetbeforehand 预先，事先If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand. behave 举止端正，听话Do behave.bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.bias 偏见，偏心have a bias against sb.(或sth.)blame 责备，责怪Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of windblaze 火焰The fire sprang into a blaze.页脚内容7blunt 钝的The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红blush with(或for) joyboast 自吹自擂，自夸的话He is full of boasts.bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and boltsboom 低沉有回响的声音The great bell tolled with a deep boom.border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand bore 钻孔，挖（通道）bore through a wallbound 跳跃，弹回She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly. boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加boycott uncooperative manufacturesbrace 托架，支架He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.breed （使）繁殖Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe 贿赂accept(或take)a bribe from sb.brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holidaybrisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pacebrittle 易碎的，一碰就破的brittle glassbrush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brushbump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.页脚内容8burst 爆炸，爆裂The boiler burst.calculate 计算，推算calculate the distance between New York and Chicagocapture 俘虏，捕获capture butterfliescase 事例，事实，事情This is a case of poor judgment.cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a schemecasual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meetingcease 停止，终止，结束The music ceased suddenly.character （事物的）性质，特质The furniture in Tom’sapartment was pretentious and without character.charge 要（价），收（费）The airlines charge half price forstudents.charm 魅力，魔力This thriving resort town has retained itsvillage charm.chase 追逐，追求The police chased the escaping thief andcaught him at last.check 使突然停止，制止check one’s stepscherish 珍爱，珍视cherish one’s native landchew 嚼，咀嚼He chewed a mouthful of meat.页脚内容9choke 窒息，噎住be choked by smokechorus 合唱队chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的chronic indigestionclarity 澄清，阐明clarify an issuecling 粘着The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boycluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a clusterof touristsclutch 紧抓，紧握clutch at an opportunitycoherent 一致的，协调的lack coherent political goalscoincide 相符，相一致100 Centigrade coincides with 212Fahrenheit.collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作He andI collaborated in writing plays.collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解The roof collapsed under the weightof the snow.collide 碰撞，互撞The car collided with the truck.commemorate 纪念，庆祝commemorate a holiday页脚内容10commend 表扬，称赞commend a soldier for bravery compact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggage compare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machinecompatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的You shouldchoose a roommate more compatible to your tastes.compile 汇编，编制compile an anthology of poemscomply 遵从，顺从，服从comply with rules(safetyregulations)compose 组成，构成England, Scotland, and Walescompose the island of Great Britain.compress 压缩He compresses a lifetime as a soldierinto a few sentencescomprise 包含，包括The shipyard comprises threedocks.compromise 妥协，折衷compromise over thehard-fought next.compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subjectconceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽He concealed hisdisappointment from his friends.页脚内容11conceive 构想出，设想conceive an ideaconcentrate 集中，专心concentrate one’s attentioncondemn 谴责We all condemn cruelty to children.condense （使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁condensea speech to halfconfine 限制，使局限They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.conform 遵照，适应confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)confront （使）面临，（使）遭遇The war confronted him with hardships.conscious 意识到的，自觉地They were conscious that he disapproved.consent 同意，赞同，准许The people will never consent to another war.conserve 保护，保藏，保存conserve natural resourcesconsider 考虑，细想Consider carefully before doing anything.consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms.页脚内容12consolidate 巩固，加强consolidate one’s positionconspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的Hefelt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage.constitute 组成，构成constitute a threat to sb.consult 请教，与......商量consult a doctorabout one’s illnessconsume 消费,花费: consume much of one’s time in readingcontact 接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sbcontain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve itemscontaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the aircontempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sbcontest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of theregioncontract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact withcontradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theorycontrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary viewcontrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrastbetween the two forms of government页脚内容13contribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every paydaycontrive设计,想出:contrive a new methodcontroversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversyconvention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a conventionconvert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gasconvey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric current convict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smugglingcoordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agenciescordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipationcorrespondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondentcorresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprints 页脚内容14corrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodesthe confidence that must exist between buyer and sellercorrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt lifecount数,计算: count the moneycourse课程,科目:an English coursecourtesy 谦恭有礼。