上海市松江区2019届高三英语一模

上海松江⾼三英语⼀模试卷松江区2019学年度第⼀学期期末质量监控试卷⾼三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions you wi 11 be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about i t, read the four possible answers on your paper, and deci de whi ch one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. Leave the errors in the paper? B? Let the woman use the typewriter?C? Read the newspaper again. D? Check the paper for mistakes?2.A. It takes time for her to learn new things?B? She should have been informed earlier?C? She won' t attend the meeting?D? She has made preparations for the meeting?3.A, American students are not talkative in class?B? Being talkative in class means active participation.C? She thinks highly of her experience in the American school?D? One can participate in class activities in different ways?4.A. Crying?B? Talking loudly?C. Watching TV. D? Having a walk.5. A. It is the only property she has?B? Her fat her asked her not to sell it.C? She inherited it from her father?D? Her father has nowhere to live after selling it?6. A. No one knows how to get it to work?B? It won the match in the company.C? It is second to none in communication.D? It works more efficiently than any employee?7. A. The food critic didn't speak highly of that restaurant?B? They waited a long time for the table at that restaurant?C? The food at the restaura nt was the best in Chinatown ?D? They used to work for a food magazine?8. A. She is too tired to go out? B. She has to write a paper?C? She doesn' t like coffee?D? She has to get up early the next day.9. A. Tom should have realized his mis take earlier ?B? Tom' s trousers don't match his jacket?C? Tom shouldn^ t have hurried to the office?D? Tom' s taste in clothes can be improved?10.A. He has been taken for a fool. B. He doesrf t (eel at ease in the firm.C? He has been given a better position. D. He doesn，t get onwell with the others?Section BDirections ： In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you wi 11 be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation ? The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and deci de whi ch one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions II through 13 are based 11. A. Motorcycle riding.B. He intended to open a delivery company in the future.C. He hoped to fully enjoy the city's festive atmosphere.D. He needed the experience as part of his social practice requirement.13. A. Packing a heavy load.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage*14. A. They can solve some of our most crucial problems ?B ? They lead to many exciting professional careers ?C ? They help establish government and private labs ?D ? They are the new application of mathematics ?15. A. They learn, make and analyze mathematical models ?B ? They help create new branches of the science ?C ? They make prediction in finance and economy ?D ? They work on the development of new technology ?16. A. The importance of research ? B. The necessity of modeling.on the following passage.B. Parcel wrapping. C ? Language training.D. Basic manners. 12. A. 11c wanted to learn how thedelivery of online shopping runs.B. Finding the way. C ? Asking for directions.D. Riding on narrow streets.C? The study of mathematics. D. The evolution of science.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. A chef? B. A nurse assistant?C? A medical transcriptionist? D. A housewife,18.A. Listening to the conversation between the doctor and patients?B? Writing down the medical report on the computer.C? Finding the problems in the medical treatment?D? Helping the doctor to take scare of patients.19.A. She gets paid every two weeks?B? She can explain it to her son.C? She can learn from different medical cases?D? She can balance work with domestic duties.20.A. He regards the job meaningless and looks down upon it.B? He insis ts that it should be done by the doc tor himself ?C? He is proud of his mother and understands her choice?D? He feels sorry that it is not paid as well as his father's job.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct? For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word thatbest fits each blank?Climbing the worlds highest mountain could not have been further from Xia Boyu， smind as a 25-year-old in 1974, when the played for the provincial soccer team in Qinghai ? But when the Chinese Mountaineering Association announced it was looking for climbers to join an upcoming journey, Xia put in an application so that he (21) at least get a free health check - up.After just a few months of training, Xia and his fellow climbers started climbing the 8, 848 ⼀metre mountain in January 1975? However, Xia suffered such severe frostbite (冻伤)after lending a teammate his sleeping bag (22) _______________________________ her later lost both of his feet?Three years later, a foreign expert (23) ___________ (invite) to assess Xia' s condition concluded that with artificial legs, Xia would be able to walk again and even climb mountains? It made him determined to challenge (24) __________________________to climb Mount Qomolangma again.Xia set himself a demanding schedule, (25) (wake) at 5 ? to train for five or six hours?Unfortunately, Xia suffered another major setback in 1996, when he (26) (diagnose) with lymphoma (淋巴瘤)?He had to undergo another round of amputation (截肢),losing part of his legs?It was not until 2014 that he was able to organize a team to make another at temp t at scaling the world? s highest mountain. Sadly, his team arrived at Qomolangma Base Camp, only to be informed that all journeys had been stopped, following an avalanche (雪朋)(27)_________________________________________________ had killed 16 people?The Nepalese government announced a ban on double - amputee climbers on Qomolongma in December 2017,but it didn， t last long after a protest (28) a disabled support group? That allowed Xia, at the age of 69, (29) (climb) to the top on May 14, 2018? The feeling, however, was not (30) he hadimagined it would be. T had thought when I finally reached the summit, I would shout it to the world?I would do all these poses for photos?But when the moment arrived, I just felt clam?” Xia said.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box? Each word can be used only once? Note that there is one word more than you need?Is it possible to make paper without trees Australian businessmen Kevin Garcia and Jon Tse spent a year researching a possible _31_ that could serve as a possible raw material for making paper? Then Garcia read about a Taiwanese company making commercial paper out of stone and a(n) _32_ struck?A year later, in July 2017, they launched Karst Stone Paper? The company produces paper without using wood or water? Their source is stone waste _33_ from construction sites and other industrial waste dumps?Tf you look at the whole process of how paper is traditionally made, it _34_ chopping trees, adding chemicals, using lots of water and then _35_, drying and flattening it into sheets of paper, ” said Garcia? Tt contributes to high carbon emission and deforestation.'In 2019, Garcia estimates Karst * s paper production has helped save 540 large timber trees (成材?⽊)from being deforested, 83, 100 liters (21, 953 gallons) of water from being used and 25, 500 kilograms (56, 218 pounds) of carbon dioxide from being _36_?"We collect disposed limestone (⽯灰⽯)from wherever we can find it, wash it, and grind it into fine powder, " he said? The powder is mixed with a HDPE resin （咼密度聚⼄烯树脂）,which _37_ over time from sunlight, leaving only calcium carbonate （碳酸纟丐）behind?The paper can be as thin as notebook paper or as thick as a cardboard paper and is waterproof, _38_ and difficuIt to tear? The notebooks cost $10 to $25? Karst1 s products are mainly sold through the company' s website, but are also stoeked in 100 stores, _39_ throughout Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom. "Over 70%。

松江区2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）I Listening Comprehension. （略）II Grammar and VocabularySection AClimbing the world’s highest mountain could not have been further from Xia Boyu's mind as 25-year-old in 1974, when he played for the provincial soccer team in Qinghai. But when the Chinese Mountaineering Association announced it was looking for climbers to join an upcoming journey, Xia put in an application so that he (21) at least get a free health check-up.After just a few months of training, Xia and his fellow climbers started climbing the 8,848-metre mountain in January 1975. However, Xia suffered such severe frostbite(冻伤) after lending a teammate his sleeping bag (22) he later lost both of his feet.Three years later, a foreign expert (23) (invite) to assess Xia's condition concluded that with artificial legs, Xia would be able to walk again and even climb mountains. It made him determined to challenge (24) to climb Mount Qomolangma again.Xia set himself a demanding schedule, (25) (wake) at 5 a.m. to train for five or six hours. Unfortunately, Xia suffered another major setback in 1996. when he (26) (diagnose) with lymphoma (淋巴瘤). He had to undergo another round of amputation (截肢), losing part of his legs.It was not until 2014 that he was able to organize a team to make another attempt at scaling the world's highest mountain. Sadly, his team arrived at Qomolangma Base Camp, only to be informed that all journeys had been stopped, following an avalanche (雪崩) (27) killed 16 people.The Nepalese government announced a ban on double-amputee climbers on Qomolongma in December 2017, but it didn't last long after a protest (28) a disabled support group. That allowed Xia, at the age of 69, (29) (climb) to the top on May 14, 2018. The feeling, however, was not (30) he had imagined it would be. "I had thought when I finally reached the summit, I would shout it to the world. I would do all these poses for photos. But when the moment arrived, I just felt calm, "Xia said.spent a year researching a possible 31 that could serve as possible raw material for making paper. Then Garcia read about a Taiwanese company making commercial paper out of stone and a(n) 32 struck.A year later, in July 2017, they launched Karst Stone Paper. The company produces paper without using wood or water. Their source is stone waste 33 from construction sites and otherindustrial waste dumps.“If you look at the whole process of how paper is traditionally made, it 34 chopping trees, adding chemicals, using lots of water and then 35 , drying and flattening it into sheets of paper,” said Garcia. “It contributes to high carbon emission and deforestation.”In 2019, Garcia estimates Karst’s paper production has helped save 540 large timber trees (成材木) from being deforested, 83,100 liters (21,953 gallons) of water from being used and 25,500 kilograms (56,218 pounds) of carbon dioxide from being 36 .“We collect disposed limestone (石灰石) from wherever we can find it, wash it, and grind it into fine powder,” he said. The powder is mixed with a HDPE resin (高密度聚乙烯树脂), which __37 over time from sunlight, leaving only calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) behind.The paper can be as thin as notebook paper or as thick as a cardboard paper and is waterproof, __38 and difficult to tear. The notebooks cost $10 to $25. Karst’s products are mainly sold through the company’s website, but are also stocked in 100 stores, 39 throughout Australia, the United States and the United Kingdo m. “O ver 70% of the customers are US-based,” he said.They hope to have the notebooks in 1,000 stores by the end of the year. Garcia said they are now thinking about 40 investors for the first time in order to scale up their operations. They declined to reveal how much the company makes or their annual revenue.III. Reading Comprehension.Section AWhat happens when the right to know comes up against the right not to know? The ease of genetic testing has brought this question to light. Two ___41___ legal cases – one in Britain, the other in Germany – stand to alter the way medicine is practiced.Both cases involve Huntington’s disease (HD), whose ___42___ inclu de loss of co-ordination (协调), mood changes and cognitive (认知的) decline. It develops between the ages of 30 and 50, and is eventually fatal. Every child of an ___43___ parent has a 50% chance of inheriting it.In the British case, ___44___ for trial at the High Court in London in November, a woman known as ABC – to protect the ___45___ of her daughter, who is a minor – is charging a London hospital, St. George’s Healthcare NHS Trust, for not ___46___ her father’s diagnosis of HD with her. ABC was pregnant at the time of his diagnosis, in 2009. She argues that had she been aware of it, she would have stopped the pregnancy. As it was, she found out only after giving birth to her daughter. She later tested ___47___ for HD.The German case is in some ways the mirror image of the British one. Unlike in Britain, in Germany the right not to know genetic information is protected in law. ___48___, in 2011 a doctor informed a woman that her divorced husband –the doctor’s patient – had tested positive for HD. This meant their two children were ___49___ the disease. She accused the doctor, who had acted with his patient’s permission. Both children being minors at the time, they could not legally be tested for the disease, which, as the women’s lawyers pointed out, is cur rently ___50___. They argued that she was therefore helpless to act on the information, and ___51___ suffered a reactive depression that prevented her from working.Both cases test a legal grey area. If the right to know is ___52___ recognized in Britain later this year, that may remove some uncertainties, but it will also create new ones. To what lengths should doctors go to track down and inform family members, ___53___?It is the law’s job to ___54___ these rights for the modern age. When the law falls b ehindtechnology, somebody often pays the price, and currently that somebody is ___55___. As these two cases demonstrate, they find themselves in a difficult situation – charged if they do, accused if they don’t.Section B(A)For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative."It's no secret that China has always been a source of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion shows.Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences."China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement" Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China, but some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. "Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs — and beating them hands down in design and sales.," adds Hill.For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers," she says, "China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. if you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China — its influences, its directions, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."56. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?A.It promoted the sales of artworks.B.It attracted a large number of visitors.C.It showed ancient Chinese clothes.D.It aimed to introduce Chinese models.57. What does Hill say about Chinese women?A. They do business all over the world.B. They admire super models.C. They start many fashion campaigns.D. They are setting the fashion58. The underlined phrase "taking on" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning toA. competing againstB. learning fromC. working withD. looking down on59. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text?A. Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New YorkB. Young. Models Selling Dreams to the WorldC. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion TrendsD. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics(B)60. What happened to Anita Lawrence after her husband's diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.C. She paid more attention to her own health.D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband61. According to Sam Kieffer's letter, what can we learn about John All?A. He is an expert in mountaineering.B. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C. Few people could survive in the same situation as lie did.D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader S Digest.62. In her letter, Janet Toole quoted two examples of Switzerland and Italy in order to .A. advise chefs to stop cooking live lobstersB. show how cruel it is to cook lobsters liveC. raise chefs' awareness of protecting animalsD. share with readers these countries' laws regarding cooking(C)The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, pure, unprejudiced, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more: it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is a very important assignment facing American journalists - to make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing as "local" news, because any event in the international area has a local reaction in the financial market, political circles, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life. There is in journalism a widespread view that when you start an interpretation, you are entering dangerous waters, the rushing tides of opinion. This is nonsense.The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall limit themselves to the "facts". This insistence raises two questions: What are the facts? Are the bare facts enough?As for the first question, consider how a so-called "factual" story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall make up the beginning of the article, which is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph. This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, where it has a large influence, or on page twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.Thus in the presentation of a so-called "factual" or "objective" story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which reporters and editors, calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their -news neutralism", arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news.The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective and subjective processes. If an editor is determined to give a prejudiced view of the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that support his particular viewpoint. Or he can do it by the place he gives a story - promoting it to page one or dragging it to page thirty.63. According to the first paragraph. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. If a reporter makes clear the facts he writes, he will no doubt get into trouble.B. Journalists must select facts objectively to make current events clear to the readers.C. The most important task of reporters is to provide unprejudiced facts for the readers.D. For reporters, interpretation of facts is no less important than presentation of the facts.64. The beginning of the article should present the most important fact because .A. it will influence the reader to continueB. most readers read only the first paragraphC. it details the general attitude of the writerD. it's the best way to write according to the schools of journalism65. Where a story is presented in a newspaper shows .A. the editor's prejudiceB. the reporter's backgroundC. the story's factual matterD. the story's effect on the readers66. Which of the following can best express the author's altitude toward objectiveness?A. Objectiveness is controlled by editors rather than writers.B. Properly choosing facts prepares a solid ground for objectiveness,C. He doesn't think there exists complete objectiveness in news writing.D. To make clear the news is a way to be objective and responsible for the readers.When he rolls into a gas station to fill his tank, Barkhad Dahir doesn't get out of his car. He pushes a few buttons on his cellphone and within seconds he has paid for the fuel. With the same quick pushes on his phone he pays for almost everything he needs.Electronic payments offer consumers convenience, provide profits for banks, credit card companies and payment processors and offer merchants improved cash flow and convenience. "I haven't seen cash for a long time. Almost every merchant even hawker (小贩) on the street accepts payment by cellphone. 67. " Says Adan Abokora, a democracy activist.Purchases are made by dialing a three-digit number, entering a four-digit PIN and then entering the retailer's payment number and the amount of money. Both customers and merchants receive text messages to confirm the payment. 68. For instance, the printing and handling of money is expensive. Cash payments can be anonymous (匿名的) and it is hard to track criminal activities conducted in secret. Many governments favor reducing cash dealings in order to better monitor and understand the activities of their citizens. The Swedish government has been discussing the removing of cash since 2010.69. Do they choose to rob? Do they sit at home and wait? What happens to people who rely on their cellphones to process money dealings when cell service and the Internet are interrupted?A world affected by terrorism and increasingly violent weather may not yet be ready to abandon currency."Other people fear that electronic payments may create security risks and enable dealings to be tracked and reported. 70. New technologies which balance and address these factors may enable people to remove cash.IV. Summary WritingIt goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical (词汇的) differences pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. —there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why some people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America, the language they spokewas naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots (同胞) on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. However, they immediately saw things which didn't exist in Europe, often items used and made by Native Americans, such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo. They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants. The word "boss", for example, was used by settlers from Holland in New York in the mid-17th century. It comes from the Dutch word "baas", which means master. The word "cookie" also comes from the Dutch "koekje".There are many words, phrases and even grammatical structures which are mistaken for Americanisms (美式英语用语) in Britain when they are nothing of the sort. Very often, they represent not an American import, but an original form of British English which has disappeared in Britain_ The verbs "guess" meaning think and "loan" meaning lend and the adjective "mad" meaning angry are frequently criticized as Americanisms, yet they all appeared in British English hundreds of years ago. In the case of "loan", it was used as long ago as 1,200 years! In fact, English spoken in the UK has changed so thoroughly in the last 500 years that American English now represents the last place where some original British English forms can he found.V. Translation72. 他很少意识到与他人交流的重要性。

学霸学习提醒一、课本是最好的老师。

要注重基础，反复研读课本，巩固基础知识。

二、要养成良好的学习习惯。

良好的学习习惯是高效率掌握知识的保障。

三、要保持良好的学习状态，自信踏实，刻苦努力，以饱满的精神迎接新一天的挑战。

《四、课堂上：专心听讲是第一位。

事实证明，自以为是的确是不好的习惯。

同样的例题，自己看懂与听老师讲懂是完全不同的两种效果。

五、建议同学们在课外多投入些时间做题，并且要从心里重视数学。

还应该准备一个错题本，老老实实地将每次错过的题抄在上面，并写上正确的解题思路，变不懂为精通。

特别提醒：请学习稍差的同学一定不要放弃，哪怕到最后一学期，也不能放弃。

只要按照老师说的去做，只要塌实地付出了，就一定会有奇迹出现。

永远不要放弃拼搏，因为奇迹只发生在相信奇迹存在的人身上松江区2018学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

、2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写考试号和姓名。

3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A bus. B. A computer. C. A telescope. D.An elevator.|2. A. Salesman and customer. B. Boss and secretary.C. Husband and wife.D. Interviewer and interviewee.3. A. Stamp collecting. B. Reading. C. Painting. D.Photography.4. A. He lost a button at work.B. He thinks he damaged the woman’s calculator.C. He doesn’t know where he put the calculator.D. He’s not sure how to solve a maths problem.5. A. At 6:45. B. At 7:15. C. At 7:45. D. At 8:15.6. A. Borrow the books from the woman. B. Go to buy thebooks in the shop.C. Go to his grandpa for some books.D. Search for the books onthe Internet.7. A. Buying chairs. B. Preparing for a party.C. Arranging the place for a contest.D. Taking part in a contest.8. A. She works in a very nice restaurant.B. The restaurant food made her ill.C. Her job involves a lot of business dinners.D. She feels tired when preparing meals at home.—9. A. Amy didn’t seem to be nervous during her speech.B. Amy needs more training in making public speeches.C. The man didn’t think highly of Amy’s presentation.D. The man can hardly understand Amy’s presentation.10. A. In France. B. In China. C. In Italy. D. In Japan.Section B （15分）Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passagesand the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11. A. A notice was put in a window seat.B. Some of the seats were not occupied.C. There was a window seat unoccupied.D. The plane was not very crowded.12. A. Mr. Jackson was the last passenger to get on board the plane.B. Mr. Jackson was surprised to see the notice on the seat.C. Mr. Jackson sat next to the soldier.D. The plane Mr. Jackson took was heavily loaded with luggage.）13. A. The notice was put on the seat by the soldier.B. The soldier was waiting for his girlfriend.C. The girl was the last passenger who got on the plane.D. The seat by the window was kept for the last passenger.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Beijing was the most polluted city.B. The air quality index reading for Xi’an reached 500.<C. The AQI for Xingtai in Hebei Province was 491.D. Emergency measures against air pollution have not been taken.15. A. About 100 cities. B. About 50 cities.C. About 500 cities.D. About 20 cities.16. A. Limiting government vehicle use.B. Putting off all construction.C. Asking polluters to apologize for their action.D. Reducing the emissions from power companies.|Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. In a studio. B. In a clothing store.C. At a beach resort.D. At a fashion show.18. A. To live there permanently. B. To stay there for half a year.C. To find a better job to support herself.D. To sell leather goods for a British company.19. A. Designing fashion items for several companies.B. Modeling for a world-famous Italian company.C. Working as an employee for Ferragamo.D. Serving as a sales agent for Burberry.20. A. It has seen a steady decline in its profits.B. It has become much more competitive.—C. It has lost many customers to foreign competitors.D. It has attracted a lot of more designers from abroad.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Marvel and Disney Remember Stan Lee；Today, Marvel Comics and The Walt Disney Company pause and reflect with great sadness on the passing of Marvel Chairman Emeritus, Stan Lee. With a heavy heart, we share our deepest condolences（哀悼）(21) _____ his daughter and brother, and we honor and remember the creator, voice and champion of Marvel.“Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created. A super hero in his own right to Marvel fans around the world, Stan had the power to inspire, to entertain, and to connect. Nothing but his heart (22) _____ exceed the scale of his imagination.” said Bob Iger, Chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Company.Stan Lee loved the (23) _____ (write) word from an early age, and wanted to craft stories like those in his favorite books and films, which he consumed greedily. From a simple upbringing in Manhattan, young Stanley worked his way through a series of jobs (24) _____ he found himself an assistant at a comic book publishing company — Timely Comics.Marvel fans found a friend in Stan Lee. He introduced the famous “Stan’s Soapbox” to speak directly to his readers, (25) _____ (reach) a personal level rarely seen in comics of the day. Always pushing for new ways of creating comics, Sta n also started the “Marvel method” of plotting and art, creating some of (26) _____ (fantastic) stories in the industry to this day. An entire generation of young readers expanded and strengthened their vocabulary and knowledge through Stan’s stories.Roy Thomas, (27) _____ succeeded Lee as editor-in-chief at Marvel, had visited Lee two days before (28) _____ death to discuss the upcoming book The Stan Lee Story, and stated “I think he was ready to go. But he was still talking about doing more cameos（配角）. (29) _____ _____ _____ he had the energy for it and didn’t have to travel, Stan was always up (30) _____ (do) something more.”Marvel and the entire Walt Disney Company salute the life and career of Stan Lee and offer their undying gratitude for his unmatchable accomplishments within their halls. Every time you open a Marvel comic, Stan will be there.Section B （10分）（Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The ability of the herd mentality（从众心理）to increase people’s chances of liking or believing something may help explain a wide variety of phenomena. Aral (A managerial economist at the Massachusetts institute of technology) says, from housing ___31___ to gold prices and from political polls to restaurant reviews, the ___32___ that other people like something has a powerful ability to make people like it themselves.The new study ___33___ how simple it would be for companies to control reviews of their products by simply adding a few positive ___34___ of their own early reviews in the process, Aral adds.It found that effects were strongest when stories were about politics, business and cultures than for fun or lifestyle pieces. In situations where there are more ___35___ news reviews, you have to be a little more cautious about interpreting likes and dislikes.—“Think twice before you trust, how many likes something has,” he adds. “That’s something you have to ___36___ with a grain of salt (持怀疑态度).” And it’s a situation many online users ___37___ on a daily basis.Aral recently went to review a restaurant with a plan to give it threeout of five stars, but when he got to the ___38___, he was shown how other people describe the same place and those reviews include someone with five stars. Seeing those positive reviews made him think twice about his own___39___ average opinion.“A woman ___40___ how great it is, how great her great prices are and how the lemon sauce is so great,” he says. “Maybe it’s not such a good idea to say some rating right before you make your own.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.%Whether it’s from an awful breakup or a painful life event, some memories can return repeatedly to our mind for the entire lives. But, what if science can ___41___ your bad memories so that you can start all over again As is known to all, memory is an incredibly complex ____42___. While scientists used to believe it was like a filing cabinet and particular memories were stored in different sections of the brain, we now know this is___43___.In fact, each memory is a brain wide process. If you end up remembering something, it’s because the cells in your brain are being fired, ___44___ new connections and links and literally rebuild the circuitry of your mind. And this change is partially ___45___ by proteins in the brain. So what if the proteins aren’t availableSimply put, memories can’t be made. Seriously, scientists have t ested this by giving animals drugs that prevent these proteins from forming.___46___, the animals have no recollection of the things that took place shortly after the drug was taken. From this research, scientists actually found a way to target long-term memories for ___47___. You see, every single time you remember a memory, your brain is once again firing and rewiring.In fact, each time you reflect on a memory, you are physically changing that memory in your mind. And each time the memory is changed a little, it reflects your ___48___ thoughts. Remembering, to a great extent, is an act of ___49___ and imagination, which means that the more you reflect on old memories, the less accurate they will become. And scientists have actually quantified this change.After 9/11, hundreds of people were asked about their memories of the dreadful day. A year later, 37% of the details had changed. By 2004, nearly50% of the details had changed or gone ___50___. And because memories are formed and rebuilt every time, if you administer (服药) theprotein-preventing drug while recalling a memory, the memory can be___51___ removed.To test this, scientists took lab rats and played sound for them, shortly followed by an electric shock. ___52___ doing this for many times, the rats quickly learned that if they heard the sound, a shock was soon to follow. Therefore, they would stress up and freeze every time they heard it. Months later, these rats would still ___53___ the noise. However, if they administered the drug first, the rats would lose the memory of the sound, and simply continue on. They had lost their memory of that specific noise.To be sure that the drug wasn’t just causing large-scale brain damage, scientists repeated these experiments with various tones this time. Both sounds would warn for a shock and ___54___ the rats would fear both. But if they administered the drug and played only one of the sounds, the mice would only forget that one tone, while still remaining ___55___ of the other. Over time scientists have discovered specific drugs to target particular proteins across different parts of the brain.-41. A. refresh B. forget C. control D. erase42. A. range B. process C. idea D. structure43. A. incorrect B. evident C. partial D. complex44. A. eliminating B. decreasing C. bringing D. building45. A. inspired B. stopped C. identified D. perfected46. A. By contrast B. On the contrary C. As a result D. For example47. A. evaluation B. estimation C. deletion D. production48. A. terrified B. critical C. current D. former,49. A. repetition B. creation C. function D. reproduction50. A. uncontrolled B. complicated C. valuable D. missing51. A. repeatedly B. effectively C. hardly D. consistently52. A. Before B. Until C. After D. While53. A. turn to B. respond to C. adapt to D. return to54. A. surprisingly B. especially C. eventually D. similarly55. A. suspicious B. careful C. painful D. fearful￥Section B （22分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Who would win in a fight, a lion or a tiger Well, if size has anything to do with the matter, the tiger would win. That’s because tigers are the largest of all cat species. Tigers are not only large, they are also fast. They can sprint as fast as 40 miles per hour for short distances and leap as far as 30 feet horizontally. You might not think that such large, fast, and fierce creatures need help to survive, but they do.It is estimated that at the start of the 20th century, there were over 100,000 tigers living in the wild. By the turn of the century, the number of tigers outside of captivity dwindled to just over 3,000. Interestingly, the most serious threats that tigers face come from a much smaller species, one with an average weight of around 140 lbs. That species is Homo sapiens, better known as humans. Humans threaten tigers in primarily two ways: hunting and destroying habitat.Tigers are hunted for many reasons. People have long valued the famous striped skins. Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world, tiger pelts are worth around $10,000 on the black market. Though the fur would be incentive enough for most poachers, other parts of the tiger can also fetch a pretty penny. Some people in China and other Asian cultures believe that various tiger parts have healing properties. Traditional Chinese medicine calls for the use of tiger bones, amongst other parts, in some prescriptions.Tigers have also been hunted as game. In other words, people hunted tigers solely for the thrill and achievement of killing them. Such killings tookplace in large scale during the 19th and early 20th centuries, when an English hunter might claim to kill over a hundred tigers in their hunting career. Though this practice is much less popular today than it was in the past, it has not ceased entirely.Humans have done considerable damage to the world’s tiger population through hunting, but perhaps more damage has been caused through the destruction of habitat. Tigers once ranged widely across Asia, all the way from Turkey to the eastern coast of Russia. But over the past 100 years, tigers have lost 93% of their historic range. Instead of spanning all the way across Asia, the tiger population is now isolated in small pockets in southern and southeastern Asia. This is because humans have drastically changed the environments. Humans have built towns and cities. Road and transit systems were created to connect these towns and cities. To feed the people living in these areas, forests and fields have been cleared to create farmland.!A major obstacle to preserving tigers is the enormous amount of territory that each tiger requires. Each wild tiger demands between 200 and 300 square miles. Tigers are also both territorial and solitary animals. This means that they are protective of the areas that they claim and they generally do not share with other tigers. Because tigers need so much territory, it is really difficult for conservationists to acquire enough land to support a large population of tigers.56. Which of the following is NOT a reason in the article explaining why tigers are huntedA. Because tiger skins are worth a lot of money.B. Because tiger parts are used as medicines in some cultures.C. Because some tigers attack local villages.D. Because tigers are hunted for enjoyment by some people.57. The underlined word “incentive” in the third paragraph probably means ________.A. attractiveB. innovativeC. alternativeD. respective58. Which best explains why tigers have lost so much of their habitat according to the textA. Because tigers are under threat from other animals.B. Because tiger skins are extremely valuable.C. Because the environment has been changed.D. Because tigers need so much space to survive.59. Which of the following best describes the author’s main purpose in writing this articleA. To provide readers with interesting information about the lifestyles oftigers.！B. To persuade readers to help the world’s tiger population and to offer ways to help.C. To entertain readers with stories about how tigers hunt and are hunted.D. To explain to readers why the world’s tiger population is endangered.(B)Learning English Video Project1. Encounters in the UK (17 minutes)Watch | CommentsEncounters in the UK is the first film in thisdocumentary mini-series. It tells the story of four girls from different countries who travel to Cambridge in England to study English and stay with local families in what is called a “homestay” arrangement. For the four girls the homestay arrangement is a positive experience. As one of the homestay hosts explains: “It’s going to be a great experience, not only in terms of learning Englis h, but in learning about life.”Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments2. Insights from China (18 minutes)Watch | Comments；Never say dieBased in the busy, cosmopolitan city of Shanghai,Daniel Emme rson’s latest film Insights fromChina takes us inside the worlds of English language learning and teaching and the airline industry in China. “Insights from China” focuses largely on the staff and management of a Chinese airline company that has recently committed to learning English. Spring Airlines is the first low-cost airline in China.Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments3. Stories from Morocco (16 minutes)Watch | CommentsSet in Casablanca, Morocco, this film features footageand interviews focusing on key questions such as“Why are people learning English” and “Whattips and advice can learners offer” Staff and learners discuss the advantages and challenges of English language learning in Morocco. Interviewees touch on a variety of topics including British vs. American accents, multi-level classrooms, and the similarities of English to French and Spanish.Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments4. Thoughts from Brazil (17 minutes)Watch | CommentsLike Insights from China, Thoughts from Brazil also looks at modern trends in learning English, especially for children and teens.It will be of particular interest to all those who longfor a learning experience that is more interactive and communicative. Teens and young adults will find new ideas for combining personal interests such as music, gaming and social media with self-study. As Daniel Emmerson talks to learners and teachers of English in Sao Paulo, Brazil, he discovers that many of them have found for themselves the principle of learning by doing and have readily adapted it to the Internet era. Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments60. From the passage we can conclude that “Learning English VideoProject” is most probably______.【A. an online coursefocusing on language and cultureB. audio documents on language learningC. a series of English learning video programsD. a set of films on English-speaking countries61. If someone is interested in the comparison between English and otherlanguages, he might be interested to watch __________.A. Encounters in the UKB. Stories from MoroccoC. Thoughts from BrazilD. Insights from China62. What can we know about English learning in Sao Paulo, Brazil\A. Classroom teaching is more interactive and communicative.B. Homestay arrangement provides positive experience for learners.C. The Internet and games plays a major role in language learning.D. The principle of learning by doing is widely accepted by learners.(C)The Paris climate agreement finalised in December last year indicated a new era for climate action. For the first time, the world’s nations agreed to keep global warming well below 2℃.This is vital for climate-vulnerable nations. Fewer than 4% of countries are responsible for more than half of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. In a study published in Nature Scientific Reports, we reveal just how deep this injustice runs.~Developed nations such as Australia, the United States, Canada, and European countries are essentially climate “free-riders”: causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gas emissions, while paying few of the costs such as climate changes impact on food and water. In other words, a few countries are benefiting enormously from the consumption of fossil fuels, while at the same time contributing disproportionately to the global burden of climate change.On the other hand, there are many “forced riders”, who are suffering from the climate change impacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem. Many of the world’s most climate-vulnerable countries, the majority of which are African or small island states, produce a very small quantity of emissions. This is much like a non-smoker getting cancer from second-hand smoke, while the heavy smoker is fortunate enough to smoke in good health.The Paris agreement has been widely considered as a positive step forward in addressing climate change for all, although the details on addressing “climate justice” can be best described as incomplete.The goal of keeping global temperature rise “well below” 2℃ deserves to be praised but the emissions reduction promises submitted by countries leading up to the Paris talks are very unlikely to deliver on this.More than $100 billion in funding has been put on the table for supporting developing nations to reduce emissions. However, the agreement specifies that there is no formal distinction between developed and developing nations in their responsibility to cut emissions, effectively ignoring historical emissions. There is also very little detail on who will provide the funds or, importantly, who is responsible for their provision.Securing these funds and establishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate-vulnerable countries.The most climate-vulnerable countries in the world have contributed very little to creating the global disease from which they now suffer the most. There must urgently be a meaningful mobilization of the policies outlined in the agreement if we are to achieve national emissions reductions while helping the most vulnerable countries adapt to climate change.And it is clearly up to the current generation of leaders fromhigh-emitting nations to decide whether they want to be remembered as climate change tyrants (暴君) or pioneers.)63. The author is critical of the Paris climate agreement because ________.A. it is unfair to those climate-vulnerable nationsB. it aims to keep temperature rise below 2℃ onlyC. it is beneficial to only fewer than 4% of countriesD. it burdens developed countries with the full responsibility64. Why does the author call some developed countries climate“free-riders”A. They needn’t worry about the food and water they consume.B. They are better able to cope with the global climate change.~C. They hardly pay anything for the problems they have caused.D. They are free from the greenhouse effects affecting “forcedriders”.65. What does the author say about the $100 billion fundingA. It will motivate all nations to reduce carbon emissions.B. There is no final agreement on where it will come from.C. There is no clarification of how the money will be spent.D. It will effectively reduce greenhouse emissions worldwide.66. What urgent action must be taken to realize the Paris climate agreement；A. Encouraging high-emitting nations to take the initiative.B. Calling on all the nations concerned to make joint efforts.C. Pushing the current world leaders to come to a consensus.D. Putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once.Section C （8分）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note thatthere are two more sentences than you need.~~Travel the World by BikeRachel Hugens met her husband, Patrick, while bicycle touring. The Hugenses, who live in Boise, when not on their bikes, recently went on their latest round-the-world adventure. They visited 36 countries on a tour, touching Europe, Africa, Asia and South America.“Traveling by bike is the ultimate freedom,” Rachel said via email. “On a bike, you become part of the scenery. The landscape is not framed by a window. ____67____”A growing communityDennis Swift, secretary of the Southwest Idaho Mountain Biking Association, rode across the last year–from Seattle to Salem, Massachusetts. Six people started the tour and three finished, riding 52 out of 56 days. They averaged about 60 miles per riding day.“We took quite a few pictures; we didn’t keep our head down the whole way,” Swift said. “We got to meet different people. It’s the people that are probably most important.” Swift also rode through the Basque Country with a group of Boise cyclists last year. He’s planning to participate in a Virginia bike tour this year.“When you get older, your health is the number one priority.” he said, “____68____”Seeing the places in between[“Traveling by bicycle forces you to visit the places in between that many backpackers traveling by bus would pass by,” Patrick said.“____69____” The challenges, beyond the obvious mental and physical energy required, include navigating visa requirements, food choices, languagebarriers, poor riding surfaces and boxing bikes for air travel, Rachel said. Financial flexibility to travelThis is the third time that the couple has quit their jobs to tour. Rachel is a registered nurse; Patrick is an architect. Both regained their former jobs when they returned home in 2000 and 2007. They’re uncertain what will happen this time.They’ve given themselves financial flexibility by paying off their home, commuting to work by bike and avoiding some of the bills that are important parts for most (cell phones, cable TV). They travel with a $50 daily budget.“____70____” Rachel said. “We’ve met some cyclists traveling long term on a $10 daily budget. They can travel as long as their money lasts, so they’re motivated to spend wisely.”IV. Summary Writing （10分）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.~The drug store was closing for the night and Alfred Higgins was about to go home when his new boss approached him.“Empty your pockets please, Alfred,” Sam Carr demanded in a firm voice.Alfred pretended to be shocked but he knew he’d been caught. From his coat he withdrew a make-up kit, a lipstick and two tubes of toothpaste.“I’m disappointed in you, Alfred!” said the little gray-haired man.“Sorry, S ir. Please forgive me. I’ve never done such a thing before.” Alfred lied, hoping to gain the old man’s sympathy.Mr Carr’s brow furrowed (皱眉) as he reached for the phone, “Do you take me for a fool Let’s see what the police have to say. But first I’ll call your mother and let her know her son is heading to jail.”“Do whatever you want,” Alfred shot back, trying to sound big. But deep down he felt like a child. He imagined his mother rushing in, eyes burning with anger, maybe in tears. Yet he wanted her to come quickly before Mr. Carr called the police.！Mr. Carr was surprised when Mrs Higgins finally arrived. She was very calm, quiet and f riendly. “Is Alfred in trouble” she asked.“He’s been stealing from the store,” the old man coolly replied.Mrs. Higgins put out her hand and touched Mr. Carr’s arm with great gentleness as if she knew just how he felt. She spoke as if she did not want to。

2019-2020学年上海市松江区第二中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALast summer, Katie Steller pulled off the freeway on her way to work inMinneapolis. She stopped at a traffic light, where a man was sitting with a sign asking for help. She rolled down her window and shouted. “Hey. I’m driving around giving free haircuts. Do you want one right now?” The man laughed, then paused. “Actually,” he said, “I was really hoping to get a haircut.” Steller pulled out a red chair from her car and helped the man cut his hair immediately. After the work was done, the man looked in a mirror. “I look good!” he said.Up to now, Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts around the city to people with little influence, and she is strongly aware of the power of her cleanup job.As a teen, she suffered from a severe disease, causing her hair to get thinned, so her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut. “To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own barbershop so she could help people feel the way she’d felt that day. Not long after finishing cosmetology (美容术) school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets. Her aim was that by doing some kind acts, others would be inspired to spread their own.“Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely peoplelooked,” she said. “I thought maybe I’d go around and ask if people want free haircuts. I can’t fix their problems, but maybe I can help them feel less alone for a moment.”It all began with a belief in simple acts of kindness, such as a free haircut. “The way you show up in the world matters,” said Steller. “You have no idea what people are going to do with the kindness that you give them.”1. How does the writer begin the passage?A. By making a comparison.B. By giving a reason.C. By raising a question.D. By describing a scene.2. What made Stellar start the Red Chair Project?A. Her mother’s love for her.B. Her interest in cosmetology.C. Her care for those in need.D. Her wish to fight severe diseases.3. What did Stellar expect from the project?A. To spread kindness.B. To solve social problems.C. To deal with relationships.D. To make people look smarter.BI got my first bike when I was nine years old. Jimmy, the bike, was my first love. I rode it everywhere. The suburb, the back lanes, the fields and forests, the river paths and swampland were far more exciting than any adventure novel or television series.There’s nothing quite like the relationship between a child and his bicycle and the endless happiness two wheels and a pair of strong legs offer. No video or computer game can replace the liberation of being alone on a bicycle.As parents, to deny children the simple pleasure of riding a bike is a failure of our responsibilities to raise independent and stable young citizens. We should offer our children a healthy alternative to hours in front of an addictive screen. Studies have shown that cycling promotes not only muscle growth but brain growth. Guess which country has children with the best mental health outcomes and is regularly the top of listings of the happiest young people. No surprise it’s theNetherlands, the unquestioned leader among industrial countries in encouraging bicycle use.Our dependence on cars has degraded the public transport system, polluted our sky, led to the untimely death of thousands every year, and denied children safe access to their suburbs. A recent study found that 69% of children were accompanied to school. The same study found that a similar number of parents drove to work.In some regions ofJapan, when children start their first year of school, parents are expected to walk with them for the first few weeks, introducing them to residents and shopkeepers along the chosen route, letting the community take care of these children. However, driving children to school isproscribed. Children can choose to ride a bike or walk to school after they are familiar with the community, and it’s the community’s role to keep them safe.Therefore, I strongly advise the government to provide better infrastructure (基础设施). Build separated cycle lanes, decrease speed limits, and design street scapes that favour people over cars. The results will be less pollution, quieter suburbs, a healthier population and, best of all, happy and independent children.4. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He was addicted to computer games.B. He liked taking adventurous trips in nature.C. He had great fun exploring the outside by cycling.D.He got his first birthday present at the age of nine.5. Why does the author mention theNetherlandsin Paragraph 3?A. To introduce his good way of raising independent children.B. To illustrate the great influence riding has on mental health.C. To stress the importance of being physically and mentally healthy.D. To explain cycling does best in city development in theNetherlands.6. What does the underlined word “proscribed” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Recommended.B. Protected.C. Delayed.D. Forbidden.7. How does the author mainly support his idea?A. By analyzing causes.B. By listing examples.C.By giving definitions.D. By analyzing scientific data.COne day when I was 5, my mother criticized me for not finishing my rice and I got angry. I wanted to play outside and not to be made to finish eating my old rice. In my angry motion to open the screen door (纱门) with my foot, I kicked back about a 12-inch part of the lower left hand corner of the new screen door. But I had no regret, for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys.Today, I know if my child had done what I did, I would have criticized my child, and told him about how expensive this new screen door was, and I would have delivered a spanking (打屁股) for it. But my parents never said a word. They left the corner of the screen door pushed out, creating an opening, a crack in the defense against unwanted insects.For years, every time I saw that corner of the screen, it would remind me of my mistake from time to time. For years, I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who did it. For years, every time I saw a fly buzzing in the kitchen, I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot. I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing, silently blaming me every time a flying insectentered our home, making life more terrible for us all. My parents taught me a valuable lesson, one that a spanking or stern (严厉的) words perhaps could not deliver. Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me. Aboveall, it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.8. When the author damaged the door, his parents _______.A. scolded him for what he had doneB. left the door unrepairedC. told him how expensive it wasD. gave him a spanking9. How did the author feel every time he saw the damaged door?A. He felt ashamed of his uncontrolled anger at that time.B. He found that his family members no longer liked him.C. He found it destroyed the happy atmosphere at his home.D. He felt he had to work hard to make up for (弥补) the damage.10. The experience may cause the author _______.A. to hide his anger away from othersB. not to go against his parents’ willC. to have a better control of himselfD. not to make mistakes in the future11. What of the following is the main idea of this passage?A. Adults should ignore their children’s bad behavior.B. Parents shouldn’t educate their children.C. What is the best way to become a more patient person?D. Silent punishment may have a better effect on educating people.DA nurse has fulfilled (实现) a promise she made to her patient four years ago to one day attend her daughter's graduation from nursing school.Edina Habibovic, 22, graduated from Chamberlain University's College of Nursing in 2020. Her mother, Sevala Habibovic, 46, died in2017 after a two year fight with breast cancer.“I thought the medical field wasn't for me. Then, my mom got sick and I had all the experience going in and out of the hospital, ” Edina toldGood MorningAmerica. “When my mom passed away, I thought, ‘I want to dothis.’”she said.Sanja Josipovic, who at the time worked as a home health nurse with Northwestern Medicine in Winfield, Illinois, cared for Sevala inside her home. They often chatted and shared the latest news with each other over six months of care.“She was most worried about Edina because she was young and hadn't finished school yet, ” Sanja said. “We are like sisters; we care about and trust each other. She was a powerful and strong minded woman. She wasn't scared to die; she was just worried about her kids and husband.”Edina said her mother lived for being with her family and taking care of people. “When Sanja was working, my mom would still try to make her something to eat, no matter how sick she was, ” Edina added. When Sevala's life was coming to an end, she asked Sanja to take her place at her youngest daughter's nursing school graduation. “That was the only thing she was going to miss. Edina's graduation, ” said Sanja, who is a mother of three herself. She agreed.Due to COVID -19, there was no graduation or pinning ceremony. Edina's manager at Marianjoy Rehabilitation Hospital decided to host a pinning ceremony for her and have Sanja present the pin. “Sanja has fulfilled her promise, ” Edina said.Edina and Sanja are now caring for patients alongside one another as colleagues at Marianjoy.12. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Leaving the hospitalB. Working as a nurseC. Facing death positivelyD. Caring for Edina's mother13. What can be learned about Sanja and Sevala?A. They enjoyed volunteeringB. They were cancer survivorsC. They had unhappy marriagesD. They developed a close bond14. What would be Sevala's regret?A. The loss of the chance to study medicineB. Her absence from Edina's school graduationC. Failing to keep the promise made to SanjaD. Never cooking a good meal for her husband15. How did Sanja fulfill her promise?A. By taking care of Edina and her familyB. By helping Edina enter her dream hospitalC. By attending a special ceremony for EdinaD. By managing to become Edina's colleague第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海松江区古松学校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATop Four MarathonsPortland MarathonThe marathon welcomes 8 000 people every fall. It’s a great event for first-timers because everyone is cheered on with enthusiasm no matter how long it takes to cross the finish line. The time limit for the full marathon is now at a pace of minutes per mile, or 6 hours and 33 minutes, but in the past it had an open time limit. They promise you’ll still receive your medal if you fall behind the pace, but you have to finish using the sidewalks.TCS New York City MarathonAs the world’s biggest marathon, the TCS New York City Marathon attracts over 50,000 people to the Big Apple each November. The time limit is generous eight and a half hours, but participants must move to the sidewalk if they drop below 15-minute mile.The famous course snakes through five boroughs (行政区) of the city and crosses five bridges to end in Central Park.Honolulo MarathonThe marathon attracts over 30,000 participants each December. The race starts on Ala Moana Boulevard in downtown Honolulu and snakes its way along the breathtaking Hawaiian coastline to the finish line in Kapiolani Park. The start time is at 5: 00 am with finish line services officially open until 2: 00 pm. However, the organizers allow everyone to finish and have waiters on hand until 4: 00 pm.Boston MarathonThe marathon is held in May every year. For this event running isn’t allowed as the city streets aren’t closed off. Participants must instead make their way along sidewalks under the guidance of event organizers and city police. The event attracts over 8,000 people who can choose anything from three-mile walk to the full 26.2-mile Boston Marathon route.1.Where is a new marathon runner most likely to receive enthusiastic cheers?A.In Portland.B.In New York.C.In Honolulu.D.In Boston.2.What can we know about TCS New York City Marathon?A.It is extremely popular.B.It has an open time limit.C.It starts and ends in a park.D.It forbids using the sidewalk.3.Which marathon is held the earliest in a year?A.Portland Marathon.B.TCS New York City Marathon.C.Boston Marathon.D.Honolulu Marathon.BA North Atlantic right whale calf(幼崽) was discovered dead on the beach of an island off North Carolina. The male newborn was found on North Core Banks, part of the Cape Lookout National Seashore. The reports indicate that the animal died during birth or shortly after, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA). Scientists took DNA to determine the calf’s mother.This is the beginning of the right whale’s reproduction(繁殖) season, which begins mid-November and runs through mid-April. NOAA called this death a disastrous start to the season. Each new right whale calf brings so much hope for this badly endangered animals, and losses like this have a great impact on their recovery, NOAA said.The right whale is one of the rarest marine mammals(哺乳动物) in the world, according to NOAA. They will soon be extinct unless something is done to save it, researchers warn. This kind of whale has been experiencing an Unusual Death Event over the past three years, according to NOAA. Since 2017, at least 32 dead and 13 seriously wounded whales have been documented by the organization. “This means more than 10 percent of the remaining population,” according to NOAA.NOAA posted a piece of news on Monday, the same day they announced the calf’s death, warning boaters to be watchful as the whales are migrating(迁徙) nearly 1,000 miles along the Atlantic Coast. The organization calls for boaters to be watchful, slow down and to give these endangered whales plenty of room. They also ask all fishermen to remove their unused nets from the ocean to help avoid possibledamage.4. Why did scientists take DNA of the calf?A. To save its mother.B. To confirm its identity.C. To determine the time of its death.D. To uncover the cause of its death.5. How many right whales are left according to the passage?A. About 40.B. About 50.C. About 400.D. About 500.6. What do we know aboutNorth Atlanticright whales?A. Their reproduction season usually last about half a year.B. They are the rarest marine mammals in the world.C. They are experiencing a high death rate of newborns.D. Their habitat runs nearly 1,000 miles along the coast.7. What’s the main purpose of the news posted on Monday?A. To announce the calf’s unusual death.B. To remind boaters to watch the whales.C. To protect the boats against the whales.D. To assist the whales’ seasonal migration.CIn May this year, as part of our 150th anniversary, we asked readers aged between18 and 25 to enter an essay competition. The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them.The response was phenomenal: we received 661 entries. Some entrants hoped that science would make their lifetimes much longer than they can currently expect. Many looked forward to work that will end climate change. Others wanted to see advances in our understanding of human history, crop growth, space exploration, and medical technologies. The ideas were inspiring.The winner is a compelling essay by Yasmin Ali, a PhD student at the University of Nottingham, UK. Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today.All essays were judged by a group of Nature editors. The top ten submissions were then ranked by three members of a separate judging group: Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Nature; Faith Osier, a researcher; and Jess Wade, a physicist. All submissions were kept anonymous throughout the process.We also selected two runners-up(非冠军的获奖者).Physicist Robert Schittkoat Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, proposes that nuclear fusion(核聚变) could offer a solution to the climate crisis, in a piece that effortlessly mixes grand ambition with gentle humour. And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicagoin Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sex reproduction.The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next.8. What’s the essay competition about?A. The scientific expectation.B. The fantastic scientific ideas.C. The dreams of future life.D. The celebration of anniversary.9. Why Yasmin Ali was chosen the winner?A. She showed great talent in music.B. She found the cure for the loss of hearing.C. She appealed for people to care about hearing loss problem.D. She reminded people to remember the meaning of science development.10. What can we learn about the result of the essay competition?A. Robert Schittko won the second place.B. There were two winners in the essay competition.C. Matthew Zajac presented his view of same-sex reproduction.D. The two runners-up were selected for the same field they chose.11. What isthe author’s attitude to the competitors’ ideas about science expectations?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Impossible.D. Ignorant.DGlobal food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be amajor problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.12. What is the best title of this passage?A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the FutureC. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their HandsD. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields13. The character of the extensive farming is ________.A. very cost-effectiveB. to produce more crops per acreC. at cost of more new land to produce more foodD. very environmentally friendly14. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farmingB. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farmingC. the intensive farming needs less food producersD. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems15. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.A. poorer nationsB. the effects of extensive farmingC. wealthy nationsD.future food demand第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海松江区第二中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhat to Eat—and What to Skip—When It Comes to Takeout FoodIf the burden on your wallet doesn't bother you much, the effect your takeout habit can have on your waistline just might arouse your attention. Here's the best and worst of the lot for your belly.Steamed Vegetable Dumplings: Order This.When she orders Chinese, registered dietitian nutritionist Elisa Zied gets an order of steamed vegetable dumplings. "I often pair them with either chicken and broccoli in brown sauce（I ask for a little saucemade without sugar）or steamed shrimp dumplings," she tells us.Crab Wontons: Not That!When you deconstruct crab wontons, it's easy to see why they're a "Not That!" The inside is filled with crabmeat and cream cheese（which is just a fancy, spreadable fat）.The wonton is made of refined flour, egg and salt and the crispy（脆的）coating is a result of a deep oil bath.Peking Duck: Order This.Most of the fat from the skin flows out of the duck over the course of cooking, making this a healthier choice than most of the stir-fry dishes available. Order a side of steamed vegetables and serve it with a small scoop of brown rice. Done and done!Sweet and Sour Anything: Not That!Anything with “sweet and sour” in its title is a powerful cue that something has been deep-fried and covered in a sickly-sweet pink sauce. If you pair your selection with a side of rice, you're looking at a 1,000-calorie meal.Summer Roll: Order This.Summer rolls are steamed instead of fried—and typically filled with lean proteins and vegetables, making them a winning appetizer in our book. Pair them with an order of edamame（毛豆）and a broth-based soup for a satisfying, filling meal.Spring Roll: Not That!Spring=deep-fried, which is why we say to skip them! They're filled with fat and calories your belly doesn't need.1.What kind of cooking method should be skipped according to the text?A.Steaming.B.Stir-frying.C.Deep-frying.D.Boiling.2.Which of the following suits as a good starter for a meal?A.Chicken and broccoli.B.Steamed vegetable dumplings.C.Peking duck.D.Summer rolls.3.Where can the text be found?A.In a recipe.B.In a guidebook.C.In a science fiction.D.In a health magazine.BDoctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don’t listen because they already know it all, I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As 1 flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilot—and my boss—so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness sand said, we need to put the landing gear down now! That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn’t overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I’m in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they’re not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from landing gear up.4. What does the author say about doctors in general?A. They like flying by themselves.B. They are quick learners of CRM.C. They pretend to be good pilots.D. They are unwilling to take advice.5. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when .A. his boss landed the plane too lateB. he was in charge of a flying taskC. he saved the plane by speaking upD. his boss operated on a patient6. In the last paragraph landing gear up probably means .A. following flying requirementsB. making a mistake that may cost livesC. listening to what fellow doctors sayD. overreacting to different opinions7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying SafeB. A Pilot-Turned DoctorC. The Making of a Good PilotD. Flying Makes Me a Better DoctorCInAsia, there are special competitions where kites have complex designs and are fitted with instruments that make musical sounds as the wind blows through them. Although all kites have a similar structure (结构), they are widely different in size and shape. Kite-fighting competitions are also held, in which competitors use their kites to attack and bring down their opponents’ (对手) kites or cut their strings (线).For more than 15 years, the Big Wind Kite Factory has been giving kite-making and kite-flying classes for the children on an island inHawaii. In its kite-making lessons, students can make kites in as little as 20 minutes! Children as young as four years old can learn how to fly a kite. Jonathan Socher and his wife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980. Their kites are made of nylon (尼龙). Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne. The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite. The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern. The difference between this kite and the ones they make during the lessons is that it is a two-string controllable kite. Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes show students how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in. Then the controls are given to the students.Jonathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making and flying kites. Eventhe simplest structure can work, and can give hours of fun. Go on, give it a try!8. Which of the following is true according to the text?A. A hot knife is used to iron the nylon.B. Children never fly kites on their own in flying lessons.C. Kite strings must not be cut in kite-fighting competitions.D. Daphne designs kites for the Big Wind Kite Factory.9. What is different about the kite used for flying lessons?A. It has two strings.B. It is simple in design.C. It has a rainbow pattern.D. It is shaped like a diamond.10. According to Jonathan,what do you need to have fun with kites?A. A large kite.B. Any type of kite.C. A complex structure.D. A kite that impresses others.11. What is mainly described in the text?A. A kite factory.B. Kite-flying lessons.C. Special competitions.D. The kite-making process.DA 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to livea decade longer than a peer who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented. And although the average American’s expected span(预期寿命) has been smooth in recent year—and, shockingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017—that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree has continued to lengthen.This gap in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the report of the National Academy of Sciences. Anne Case and Angus Deation ofPrincetonUniversityfound that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelor’s degree started to become different in the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even wider in the 2010s.What is the link between schooling and longevity(长寿)? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greaterhealth.Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labor markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, havedecreased the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair”.The authors argued that the educational gap in mortality(致死率) will widenin the wake ofthe covid-19 pandemic. ForAmerica’s overall life expectancy to start climbing again, improvements will be needed across all social groups, not just among the privileged few.12. When did the lifespans of people with and without a degree vary greatly?A. In the 1990s.B. In the 2020sC. In the 2000sD. In the 2010s13. According to the article, changes in labor markets reduce jobs for those without a degree. Which change is NOT included?A. The rising spending of employer-provided health care.B. The gap in life expectancy.C. Raised request for better-educated workers.D. The development of automation.14. What does the underlined phrase “in the wake of” probably mean ?A. afterB. untilC. beforeD. while15. What is the best title for the text?A. Changes in labor market.B. Quit bad habits by Further studyC. Educated Americans live longer.D. Highly-educated people develop healthier lifestyles.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市松江区第二中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt was a weeknight and one of my twin daughters marched into the room, waving a book she'd finished. “Dad, why are books with science in them always about boys?” she asked.I told her that simply wasn't true; there were loads of great science fictions with girls in them. She agreed, but argued that in those stories it was the boys who were doing science, and the girls were justalong for the ride. My other daughter took her sister's side and challenged me to give an example.This left me in a difficult position. I could either go through our library to point out some wonderful examples of female-led science fictions, or just admit they were right and remain in my comfortable chair.I've been asked several times how I came up with the idea forA Problematic Paradoxand my answer is always the same: it came to me in a moment of inspiration. I like that answer because it's simple and makes me seem very creative. The fact that this explanation is not true bothers me from time to time. Here's the truth: the story wasn't my idea. It was my daughters who suggested I write something for them that had a girl doing science.My daughters were at an age when many young women turn away from STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math), believing those areas of study unfriendly or out-of-the-norm for girls. I also read about how important role models can be to young people. It's one thing to tell a person they can do something, but seeing someone like them doing that thing can be more powerful.So, I kept two guidelines for the book in mind: First, the story had to be fun for anyone, because it's as important for boys to understand that science is for everyone. Second, I wanted the main character, Nikola, to be imperfect. She should be someone with shortcomings as we all have. I think this not only makes a story more interesting to read, but also helps make it clear that the most extraordinary things can be done by ordinary people.1. What does the underlined phrase “along for the ride” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Entering a bike race.B. Offering vital help.C. Doing unimportant things.D. Playing the leading role.2. What do we know about the bookA Problematic Paradox1?A. Its main character is perfect.B. It is a female-led science fiction.C. It is intended to appeal to girls only.D. Its idea comes from the author's inspiration.3. Which of the following best describes the author's book?A. Serious and abstract.B. Simple and practical.C. Creative and well-organized.D. Inspiring and interesting.BPaper is an important part of modern life. People use it in school, at work, to make artwork and books, to wrap presents and much more. Trees are the most common material for paper these days.So how do people make paper out of trees today? People first cut trees, load them onto trucks and bring them to a factory. Machines cut open the outer coverings of the trees, and cut the trees into pieces. Those pieces are boiled into a soup. After that, it is hit flat, dried and cut up into sheets of paper.The entire process, from planting a small tree to buying your school notebook, takes a very long time. Just growing the trees takes 10 to 20 years.Making tons of paper from trees can harm the planet. Humans cut down 80, 000 to 160,000 trees around the world every day, and use many of them to make paper. Some of those trees come from tree farms. But people also cut down forests for paper, which means that animals and birds lose their homes.Cutting forests down also contributes to climate change, and paper factories pollute the air. After you throw paper, it often takes the paper six to nine years to break down. That's why recycling is important. It saves a lot of trees, slows climate change and helps protect endangered animals, birds and all creatures that rely on forests for their homes and food.So if paper isn't good for the environment, why don't people write on something else?The answer: They do. With computers, tablets and cellphones, people use much less paper than in the past. Maybe a day will come when we won't use paper at all — or will save it for very special books and artworks.4. What can we know about making paper out of trees?A. It costs much money.B. It takes a lot of time.C. It is very easy and fast.D. It is dangerous and difficult.5. What is the impact of paper production?A. It promotes the recycling.B. It does harm to the environment.C. It slows down the climate change.D. It protects the animals from losing homes.6. How will we use paper someday in the future according to the text?A. Use it for books only.B. Use the recycled paper.C. Treasure it occasionally.D. Use it for artworks.7. What idea does the author want to express from the text?A. The influence of making paper on environment.B. The wonderful experience of making paper.C. The necessary process of making paper.D. The good reasons for making paper.CThe term "bird brain" is frequently used to describe a person's lack of intelligence and good decision-making ability. However, some scientists believe it should be considered a praise, given that many birds can perform human tasks like producing and using tools, solving problems, and planning for future needs. Now,Griffin, an African Grey parrot, has proved that birds may even possess better visual memories than human adults and children.The study, led by Hrag Pailian, a researcher at Harvard University, had the parrot compete in the game against twenty-one undergraduate students and twenty-one 6 to 8-year-old children. The popular challenge involves hiding a small object under one of three or more upside-down cups, which are moved around. Participants are required to accurately identify the cup under which the object lies. To make the task more challenging, the researchers required participants to track two, three, and four objects at the same time.An analysis of the results showed thatGriffinoutperformed the 6 to 8-year-olds across all levels on average. Even more impressive, the "bird brain" performed as well as, or slightly better than, the 21 Harvard students on 12 of the 14 trials! It was only in the final two tests, which had the most objects and most movement, that the parrot fell behind the adults. However,Griffin's performance was never below that of the children.Griffinwas the candidate of choice because the scientists needed an animal that had a brain functionality similar to that of humans. "The fact that the smart parrot loves to show off his brain power in exchange for a few cashews (腰果) did not hurt either", said Irene Pepperberg, a Harvard lecturer, who has trained Griffin and several other African Grey parrots, has been studying the species for over four decades and is considered a pioneer in the study of bird intelligence.8. Whatwere the participants required to do in the study?A. Identify different kinds of objects.B. Tell where the hidden object lies.C. Track other participants' performance.D. Move around upside-down cups.9. What did the results of the study indicate?A. 6 to 8-year-olds did better thanGriffin.B. Parrots have a better memory than other birds.C. Harvard students have a better visual memory.D.Griffinoutsmarted Harvard students in some trials.10. Why wasGriffinchosen for the experiment?A. It was good at making decisions.B. It was specially trained for experiments.C. It had similar brain functions to human beings.D. It loved to show off his language power for some treats.11. What is the best title for the text?A. "Bird brain" becomes a term for a stupid person.B. Harvard lecturer pioneers in bird intelligence study.C. Parrot outsmarted Harvard students in visual memory test.D. Researchers made new discoveries about human intelligence.DSummer heat can be dangerous, and heat leads to tragedy far toooften. According to kidsandcars, org, an average of 37 young children per year die of car heat in the US, when they are accidentally left in a hot vehicle.For Bishop Curry, a fifth grader from Mckinney, Texas, one such incident hit close to home. A six-month-old baby from his neighborhood died after hours in a hot car. After hearing about her death, Curry decided that something needed to be done. Young Curry, who turned 11 this year, has always had a knack for inventing things, and he drew up a sketch (草图) of a device he called “Oasis.”The device would attach to carseats and watch the temperature inside the car. If it reached a certain temperature in the car, and the device sensed a child in the carseat, it would begin to circulate cool air. Curry alsodesigns the device using GPS and Wi-Fi technology, which would alarm the child’s parents and, if there was no response from them, the police.Curry’s father believes that the invention has potential. “The cool thing about Bishop’s thinking is none of this technology is new,” he said. “We feel like the way he’s thinking and combining all these technologies will get to production faster.” His father even introduced the device to Toyota, where he works as an engineer. The company was so impressed that they sent Curry and his father to a car safety conference in Michigan.In January, Curry’s father launched a campaign for the invention. They hope to raise money to finalize the patent, build models, and find a manufacturer. Their goal was $20,000, but so many people believed in Oasis’ potential that they have raised more than twice that — over $46,000.Curry’s father remembers the first time he saw his son’s sketch. “I was so proud of him for thinking of a solution,” he said. “We always just complain about things and rarely offer solutions.”12. What inspired Curry to invent Oasis?A. His narrow escape from death after being locked in a car.B. His knowledge of many children’s death because of car heat.C. The death of his neighbor’s baby after being left in a hot car.D. The injury of 37 children in his school in a car accident.13. What would Oasis do if it was hot in a car with a child?A. It would inform the parents or even the police.B. It would pump out the hot air in the car.C. It would sound the alarm attached to the car.D. It would get the window open to save the child.14. What does Curry’s father think is cool about Curry’s invention?A. It used some of the most advanced technology.B. It simply combined technologies that existed.C. It could accelerate production of new technology.D. It is the most advanced among similar products.15. Why did Curry’s father start a campaign to raise money?A. To conduct experiments to test the invention.B. To get other children devoted to inventions.C. To support a charity of medical aid for children.D. To get the patent and bring it to production.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海松江区古松学校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AStepping Out Into NatureThe classic road trip is more popular than ever. Here are several places to hit the open road.Colo-road TripsThe Colorado Tourism Office has made it easy for road-trippers to explore the state’s 24 Scenic & Historic Byways.A new microsite includes-an interactive map that enables travelers to explore options by region, interest or season. Travelers seeking inspiration can also access insider tips and side-trip suggestions for historic attractions, active adventures and highlight cultural opportunities.TheBeartooth Highway.Visitors of this extraordinary byway experience the grand sights ofMontana,WyomingandYellowstonePark. The windy 68-mile stretch introduces road explorers to one of the most diverse ecosystems accessible by auto. Breathtakingly beautiful, this All-American Road showcases wide, high alpine plateaus（高原）, painted with ice blue lakes, forested valleys, waterfalls and wildlife.SewardHighway,AlaskaThe road that connectsAnchorageto Seward is 127-mile treasure of natural beauty, wildlife and stories of adventure. The drive begins at the base of theChugach Mountains, hugs the scenic shores of Turnagain Arm and winds through gold mining towns, national forests and fishing villages. Expect waterfalls, glaciers, eagles and some good bear stories.The Lighthouse Trail,MaineTravel the 375 miles betweenKitteryandCalais,Maine, visiting lighthouses along the way. Hear tales of shipwrecks（海难）and of the difficult and lonely life led by those who kept the lights burning brightly. If possible, visit theMaineLighthouseMuseum. where artifacts and hands-on exhibits for children provide an appealing break.1.What makes Colo-road Tips special?A.Good bear stories.B.A scenic beach.C.Hands-on exhibits.D.An interactive map.2.Where can you explore state of gold miners?A.Colorado.B.Montana.C.Alaska.D.Maine3.Which place is suitable for a family with children?A.Colo-road Trips.B.TheBeartooth Highway.C.Seward Highway.D.The Lighthouse Trail.BA world in which extinct creatures could be brought back to life came a step closer yesterday. Australian scientists have managed to extract a gene from a preserved sample of a Tasmanian tiger and make it active. Thebreakthroughhas left them dreaming that one day they will be able to recreate the animal, which died out more than 70 years ago. And if it can be done with the Tasmanian tiger, it may also be possible to resurrect (复活) creatures that have been extinct for far longer.“There used to be a time when extinction meant forever, but no more, ” said Professor Mike Archer. “We are now able to seriously challenge whether those animals that have gone for ever. What has been achieved is a very important step in bringing back those animals that are extinct. And while I think that technically it is still pretty difficult at the moment, we can now see the possibilities. I’m personally convinced that the Tasmanian tiger will be brought back to life in my lifetime.”The breakthrough came after nine years of experiments by scientists at the University of Melbourne, who extracted a gene from one of several tigers preserved in alcohol in a Melbourne museum. They removed the equivalent gene from a mouse embryo implanted the tiger gene and then watched as the mouse continued to grow normally, suggesting the tiger gene had been activated.Team leader Dr. Andrew Pask said it was the first time DNA from an extinct species had been used to “induce (引起) a functional response in another living organism”.However, the animal’s entire gene structure would have to be revived in the same way to even begin the possibility of bringing the Tasmanian tiger back from the dead.Mick Mooney, a wildlife officer ofthe Tasmanian Government, was worried that such developments could encourage people’s indifference to the protection of endangered species.“If people think that we can bring animals back to life after they’ve gone, they will start saying that there is nothing to worry about because we can fix it up later.”4. What does the underlined word “breakthrough” in the l paragraph refer to?A. Scientists have recreated new animals.B. Scientists have resurrected endangered animal.C. It has turned out that some creatures would not go extinct.D. A tiger gene has been extracted successfully and activated.5. Scientists are carrying out the experiments in order to ________.A. bring extinct animals back to lifeB. transplant the genes of tigers into other animalsC. find out what factors lead to the animals’ extinctionD. find a new way to extract animals’ DNA6. Mike Archer thinks that ________.A. scientists now have no technological difficulty reconnecting extinct animalsB. it’ll be a century or so before a Tasmanian tiger walks on the earth againC. humans have come closer in reconnecting extinct animalsD. reconnecting extinct animals is impossible7. We can learn from Mick Mooncy’s words that_________.A. he thought it unnecessary to worry about endangered animalsB. his opinion is in contrast with that of the Tasmanian GovernmentC. he thought people should be encouraged to protect endangered animalsD. he is concerned that bringing extinct animals back to life may have a negative effectCOne day, when I was working as a psychologist（心理学家）in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me.“This boy has lost his family,” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically（同情）The first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon---in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began settingthem up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company（陪伴）. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“It’s your tum,” he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one…without any words---can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.8. When he first met the author, David .A. felt a little excitedB. looked a little nervousC. walked energeticallyD. showed up with his teacher9. David enjoyed being with the author because he .A. wanted to ask the author for adviceB. liked the children’s drawings in the officeC. beat the author many times in the chess gameD. needed to share sorrow with the author10. What can be inferred about David?A. He liked biking before he lost his family.B. He recovered after months of treatment.C. He went into university soon after starting to talk.D. He got friends in school before he met the author.11. What made David change?A. The author’s silent communication with him.B. His teacher’s help.C. The author’s friendship.D. His exchange of letters with the author.DWe've all heard it before：to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 am and Richard Branson at 5：45 am﹣and, as we all know, "the early bird's catches the worm. "But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it's a trait most of them share？And if the idea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, visualized and done one task before 8 am makes you want to roll over and hit snooze till next Saturday, are you really doomed to a less successful life？For about half of us, this isn't really an issue. It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't really morning or evening﹣oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright﹣eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effects can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work.Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self﹣directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they plan for the future more and have a better sense of well﹣being.Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive（认知）ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night﹣time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls areas healthy and wise as morning types﹣and a little bit wealthier.Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material？Don't set your alarm for 5 am Just yet. As it turns out, overhauling（全面改革）your sleep time may not have much effect"If people are left to their naturally preferred time, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader, " says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin（褪黑素）. "Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative physiological consequence. " Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose（葡萄糖）which can cause weight gain.12. What does the authordo in the first three paragraph？A. raising the problem→analyzing the problem → solving the problemB. leading in the topic→challenging a viewpoint → discussing about the topicC. presenting a viewpoint → providing supporting proofs→making a conclusionD. introducing a viewpoint →raising the question→presenting author's viewpoint13. What can we know from the 4th and 5th paragraph？A. Morning types tend to have clear goals and better mood.B. To beat night﹣time people ask them to do math calculation in themorning.C. Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth.D. Neither night owls nor morning persons perform better than the middle ones.14. Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support？A. Don't fall sleep in front of the TV.B. Avoid being regularly late for work.C. Stop setting your alarm for 5 am.D. Better not overhaul your sleep time.15. Why does the author write this article？A. To explain why some people are more successful.B.To compare the differences between early risersand night owls.C. To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.D. To argue against this view that the Carly bird catches the worm.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市松江区第一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AJuanito Estrella has been a housekeeping manager on the US-based large passenger ship Carnival Spirit for 18 months and feels he has found the suitable position in his career(职业). He has always wanted to travel. “I guess I am a really restless spirit.I like traveling, so when the chance came, I jumped at it,” he says.The chance came in the form of a newspaper advertisement for work on cruise ships（游船）. At the time Estrella was the housekeeping manager at a Melbourne hotel. He applied and, after two interviews, a medical check and police clearance, the job was his.Estrella is responsible(负责的)for the cleanliness of the ship, making sure that 160 crew work properly. “I enjoy it because there is no other work-you wake up each day in a different place anda different culture. It’s exciting when you go to the next country and you don’t understand the language,” he says.Estrella likes being busy and getting to know people from all over the world. The 1,000 crew come from 94 countries, and Estrella has learnt Spanish and a little Croatian.But there is adownside. “You cannot get really drunk...because you have safety responsibilities to yourself and others,” he says. “You don’t really think about home.You start to think about home only when you get closer to your vacation and wonder what you’ll be doing.”Life on the ship is anything but cruising. Estrella and his fellows work at least 10 hours a day, seven days a week. He warns the job is not for everybody. “You have to love being busy and be prepared to work every day-and to give up drinking too much alcohol.” In his spare time, if the ship sails into a port, Estrella explores it, otherwise he works out in the crew’s gym, goes on the internet or calls home.1.Which of the following is true?A.He has been a housekeeping manager for 18 months.B.He doesn’t drink wine now.C.He cannot speak a foreign language.D.He used to be a housekeeping manager.2.The underlined word“downside”in paragraph 5 probably means ________ .A.disappointmentB.disadvantageC.failureD.loss3.In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that life on the ship is ________.A.not a tiring journey at allB.just an interesting voyageC.far from a voyage for pleasureD.more than a pleasant travel by seaB“One person’s trash is another person’s treasure.” That’s a common expression, but the next time you throw something away, think about a twist on the old saying. What if your trash could become your own treasure? Many creative, thrifty, and environmentally minded people have come up with a way to makethathappen. It’s called upcycling. Our world would be a better place if everyone would begin upcycling.Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful. For example, how about that pair of jeans with a hole in one knee? It could become a new pillow for your bedroom.Upcycling is not the same as recycling. Upcycling is actually much better for the environment. Recycling takes an item made of glass, paper, metal, or plastic, breaks it down to its base material, and then uses that material to make another product. This requires a great deal of energy. On the other hand, when you choose to upcycle, the only energy you use is your own. And upcycling not only reduces the amount of trash that goes into our landfills, but it also protects natural resources, such as oil and gas. Recycling is good for the environment, but upcycling is even better.Upcycling also makes a family’s budget stretch further. Of course, the idea of reusing items to save money is not new. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, many families lived on a tight budget. People had to use what they already had in order to meet their needs.As responsible citizens, we should all be concerned with protecting our environment and budgeting our resources. Upcycling is a fun and creative way to help. The next time you go to toss something into the trash can, stop and think about what it could become. Chances are, there’s a brand-new item in your hand just waiting to be upcycled.4. Why does the author mention an old saying in the first paragraph?A. To arise reader’s awareness of upcycling.B. To stress the importance of upcycling.C. To lead in the topic of upcycling.D. To show the idea of upcycling.5. Which one below belongs to upcycling?A. An old ladder is transformed into a bookshelf.B. Old tin cans are transported to landfill.C. A broken wooden door is chopped up.D. Old cloth is made into a paper bed.6. What is the difference between recycling and upcycling?A. Upcycling is much more creative.B. Recycling is much easier to achieve.C. Recycling is much more cost-saving.D. Upcycling is much more energy-efficient.7. What can be inferred from the text?A. Upcycling is popular at present.B. Upcycling is replacing recycling.C. Upcycling is worth recommending.D. Upcycling is a tradition in daily life.CThere are many useful things we can do each day to feel better. It may take some efforts and time to make a habit of drinking 8 glasses of water daily or thinking more positively, but it is well worth it. What things do you do every day to feel better?Probably the healthiest thing you can do to feel better each day is to exercise early in the morning. You don't have to run the whole morning or spend a few hours in the gym. Even doing some easy exercise like walking, sit-ups or jumping the rope will help you feel better in no time!Again, due to our busy schedules, we don't get enough sleep each night. If you have trouble falling asleep, avoid watching TV or surfing the Internet right before bed. Also, try to make healthy bedtime snack choices and don't drink tea or coffee too late in the day.If you drink 3 glasses of water, 4 glasses of coffee or tea and a glass of soda each day and think that you drink enough water, think again. Your body needs water (not coffee or soda!) to function properly. Aiming to drink 7-8 glasses of water each day can make you feel better.Being positive is the key to a longer life. Positive thoughts can help improve your overall heath. Life is full of stressful situations and it's hard to stay cheerful when everything goes wrong, but your positive attitude can help you solve any problem and fight any stress faster and easier. Your positive attitude is especially good for your hearthealth. Smile, stay positive and live a longer life!8. In the author's opinion which can benefit us most in order that we feel better?A. Sleeping enough.B. Drinking enough water.C. Thinking more positively.D. Taking morning exercise.9. Which of the following agrees with what is said in Paragraph 3?A. Drinking tea or coffee makes us sleep less.B. Drinking tea before bed makes it harder to fall asleep.C. Watching TV or surfing the Internet leads to less sleep.D. Our busy schedules cause more difficulty in falling asleep.10. Why is water necessary to our body?A. Because it can make us feel better.B. Because it can have our body work smoothly.C. Because in can do more good to our body thancoffee.D. Because it can hep avoid feeling thirsty.11. What do we need most when everything goes wrong?A. Thinking positively.B. Thinking out wise ways.C. Having a right attitude.D. Staying cheerful.DKids ages 6 to13 inCape Town,South Africa, really do dig learning at school! With the help of the Earthchild Project, which is offered in schools in two townships, students make worm(蠕虫) farms. The worms break down food waste and make the soil richer. Kids grow seedlings(幼苗) in containers and learn about the importance of good nutrition.The school program also offers yoga(瑜伽). Teachers find that the exercises help students focus better. The students enjoy Earthchild activities. “The children gets so excited”, says teacher Vuyelwa Rola.“The society we are in has a lot of noise. When students are taking part in the Earthchild Project, they feel calm.”Director Janna Kretzmar came up with the idea for the project in 2005. She read about schools inIndiathat involved kids in yoga and learning outside the classroom. She developed the Earthchild Project to offer similar activities inCape Townschools.“We hope the Earthchild Project can help students find solutions to all the challenges they are facing in the world today,” Kretzmar said. “The best place to create change is with the youth, through education.”The Earthchild Project combines schoolwork with hiking, gardening, healthy living, and yoga. “We need more than just math and science to become happy, healthy, inspired, and active citizens of our communities,” says Kretzmar. In some communities inCape Town, children live in poverty. They must walk long distances to get clean drinking water. Life is hard. But according to the Earthchild Project’s Carly Appleby, the project works to give hope to every child. “Students who have hope,” she says, “aim for bigger goals”.12. What do students benefit from yoga?A. It helps them calm down.B. It helps them concentrate.C. They can learn some living skills.D. They can learn about the importance of nutrition.13. What are students’ attitude towards the Earthchild Project?A. Uncaring.B. Doubtful.C. Supportive.D. Negative.14. What do you know about the Earthchild Project?A. It was founded in 2005.B. It only offers outside activities.C. The idea came up by Vuyelwa Rola.D. It is aimed at helping students find solutions to challenges.15. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Hard Life inSouth Africa.B. Students’ school life inCape Town.C. Hope from Earthchild Project inCape Town.D. The differences between traditional lessons and Earthchild Project.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019 年上海市松江区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10 分）Directions ：In Section A，you will hear tenshort conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question willbe asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it ，read the four possible answers onyour paper ，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．（1 分）A ．A bus ．B ．A computer ．C．A telescope．D ．An elevator ．2．（1 分）A ．Salesman and customer．B ．Boss and secretary．C．Husband and wife ．D ．Interviewer and interviewee ．3．（1 分）A ．Stamp collecting ．B ．Reading．C．Painting ．D ．Photography．4．（1 分）A ．He lost a button at work ．B ．He thinks he damaged the woman's calculator ．C．He doesn't know where he put the calculator ．D ．He's not sure how to solve a maths problem ．5．（1 分）A ．At 6 ：45．B ．At 7 ：15．C．At 7 ：45．D ．At 8 ：15．6．（1 分）A ．Borrow the books from the woman ．B ．Go to buy the books in the shop ．C．Go to his grandpa for some books ．第1页（共46页）D ．Search for the books on the Internet ．7．（1 分）A ．Buying chairs ．B ．Preparing for a party ．C．Arranging the place for a contest ．D ．Taking part in a contest ．8．（1 分）A ．She works in a very nice restaurant ．B ．The restaurant food made her ill ．C．Her job involves a lot of business dinners ．D ．She feels tired when preparing meals at home ．9．（1 分）A ．Amy didn't seem to be nervous during her speech ．B ．Amy needs more training in making public speeches ．C．The man didn't think highly of Amy's presentation．D ．The man can hardly understand Amy's presentation ．10．（1 分）A ．In France．B ．In China ．C．In Italy ．D ．In Japan．11．（4.5 分）（1）A ． A notice was put in a window seat ．B ．Some of the seats were not occupied．C．There was a window seat unoccupied ．D ．The plane was not very crowded ．（2）A ．Mr ．Jackson was the last passenger to get on board the plane．B ．Mr ．Jackson was surprised to see the notice on the seat．C．Mr ．Jackson sat next to the soldier．D ．The plane Mr ．Jackson took was heavily loaded with luggage ．（3）A ．The notice was put on the seat by the soldier ．B ．The soldier was waiting for his girlfriend．C．The girl was the last passenger who got on the plane ．D ．The seat by the window was kept for the last passenger ．12．（4.5 分）（1）A．Beijing was the most pollutedcity ．第2页（共46页）B ．The air quality index reading for Xi'an reached 500．C．The AQI for Xingtai in Hebei Province was 491．D ．Emergency measures against air pollution have not been taken ．（2）A ．About 100 cities ．B ．About 50 cities ．C．About 500 cities ．D ．About 20 cities ．（3）A ．Limiting government vehicle use ．B ．Putting off all construction ．C．Asking polluters to apologize for their action．D ．Reducing the emissions from power companies ．13．（6 分）（1）A．In a studio ．B ．In a clothing store ．C．At a beach resort．D ．At a fashion show ．（2）A ．To live there permanently ．B ．To stay there for half a year ．C．To find a better job to support herself ．D ．To sell leather goods for a British company ．（3）A ．Designing fashion items for several companies ．B ．Modeling for a world ﹣famous Italian company ．C．Working as an employee for Ferragamo ．D ．Serving as a sales agent for Burberry ．（4）A ．It has seen a steady decline in its profits ．B ．It has become much more competitive ．C．It has lost many customers to foreign competitors ．D ．It has attracted a lot of more designers from abroad ．II. Grammar and VocabularySection A（10分）Directions：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blankswith a given word ，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ；for the other第3页（共46页）blanks，use one word that best fits each blank. 14．（10 分）Marvel and Disney Remember Stan LeeToday，Marvel Comics and The Walt Disney Company pause and reflect with greatsadness on the passing of Marvel Chairman Emeritus ，Stan Lee．With a heavy heart ，weshare our deepest condolences（哀悼）（1）his daughter and brother，and we honorand remember the creator，voice and champion of Marvel ．Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created． A super hero in his ownright to Marvel fans around the world ，Stan had the power to inspire ，to entertain，and toconnect．Nothing but his heart （2）exceed the scale of his imagination ．said BobIger，Chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Company ．Stan Lee loved the （3）（write）word from an early age，and wanted to craftstories like those in his favorite books and films ，which he consumed greedily ．From asimple upbringing in Manhattan ，young Stanley worked his way through a series of jobs（4）he found himself an assistant at a comic book publishing company ﹣Timely Comics ．Marvel fans found a friend in Stan Lee．He introduced the famous Stan's Soapbox tospeak directly to his readers ，（5）（reach）a personal level rarely seen in comicsof the day．Always pushing for new ways of creating comics，Stan also started the Marvelmethod of plotting and art ，creating some of （6）（fantastic）stories in the industryto this day．An entire generation of young readers expanded and strengthened theirvocabulary and knowledge through Stan's stories ．Roy Thomas，（7）succeeded Lee as editor﹣in﹣chief at Marvel ，had visitedLee two days before（8）death to discuss the upcoming book The Stan Lee Story ，and stated I think he was ready to go ．But he was still talking about doing more cameos （配角）．（9）he had the energy for it and didn't have to travel ，Stan was always up （10）（do）something more．尠Marvel and the entire Walt Disney Company salute the life and career of Stan Lee andoffer their undying gratitude for his unmatchable accomplishments within their halls．Every．Stan will be there time you open a Marvel comic ，Section B （10 分）Directions：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.第4页（共46页）Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10 分）A ．interpretB ．encounter C．subjectiveD ．ratingsE．previouslyJ．complimentsG．I ．illustrates bubbles．F beliefH．preciouslysiteK ．The ability of the herd mentality （从众心理）to increase people's chances ofliking or．Aral （ A managerialbelieving something may help explain a wide variety of phenomenaeconomist at the Massachusetts institute of technology ）says，from housing（1）togold prices and from political polls to restaurant reviews ，the （2）that other people．like something has a powerful ability to make people like it themselvesThe new study （3）how simple it would be for companies to control reviews of（4）their products by simply adding a few positiveof their own early reviews in the．process，Aral addspolitics ，business andwere aboutIt found that effects were strongest when storiescultures than for fun or lifestyle pieces ．In situations where there are more （5）newsreviews，you have to be a little more cautious about interpreting likes and dislikes ．twice before you trust，howsomething has，he adds．That'smany likesThink（持怀疑态度）something you have to （6）．And it's a situationwith a grain of salton a daily basis ）many online users （7．Aral recently went onYelp ．com to review a restaurant with a plan to give it three out offive stars，but when he got to the （8），he was shown how other people describethe same place and those reviews include someone with five stars．Seeing those positivereviews made him think twice about his own（9）average opinion ．A woman（10）how great it is ，how great her great prices are and how thelemon sauce is so great，he says．Maybe it's not such a good idea to say some rating rightbefore you make your own ．尠III.Reading ComprehensionSection A （15 分）Directions：For each blank in the followingpassage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with theword or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15 分）Whether it's from an awful breakup or a painful life event，some memories can returnrepeatedly to our mind for the entire lives ．But，what if science can （1）your bad第5页（共46页）memories so that you can start all over again ？As is known to all ，memory is an incrediblycomplex （2）．While scientists used to believe it was like a filingcabinet andparticular memories were stored in different sections of the brain ，we now know this is（3）．In fact ，each memory is a brain wide process ．If you end up remembering something ，it's because the cells in your brain are being fired ，（4）new connections and links andliterally rebuild the circuitry of your mind．And this change is partially（5）byproteins in the brain ．So what if the proteins aren't available ？Simply put ，memories can't be made．Seriously ，scientists have tested this by givinganimals drugs that prevent these proteins from forming．（6），the animals have norecollection of the things that took place shortly after the drug was taken．From this research，scientists actually found a way to target long﹣term memories for（7）．You see，every single time you remember a memory ，your brain is once again firing and rewiring．In fact ，each time you reflect on a memory ，you are physically changing that memory inyour mind ．And each time the memory is changed a little ，it reflects your（8）thoughts．Remembering ，to a great extent，is an act of （9）and imagination ，which means that the more you reflect on old memories ，the less accurate they willbecome．And scientists have actually quantified this change ．After 9/11 ，hundreds of people were asked about their memories of the dreadful day ．Ayear later，37% of the details had changed ．By 2004 ，nearly 50% of the details had changedor gone （10）．And because memories are formed and rebuilt every time，if youadminister （服药）the protein﹣preventing drug while recalling a memory ，the memory canbe （11）removed．To test this，scientists took lab rats and played sound for them ，shortly followed by anelectric shock ．（12）doing this for many times ，the rats quickly learned that if theyheard the sound， a shock was soon to follow ．Therefore ，they would stress up and freezeevery time they heard it ．Months later ，these ratswould still（13）thenoise．However ，if they administered the drug first ，the rats would lose the memory of thesound，and simply continue on ．They had lost their memory of that specific noise ．To be sure that the drug wasn't just causing large﹣scale brain damage，scientists第6页（共46页）repeated these experiments with various tones thistime ．Both sounds would warn for a shockand （14）the rats would fear both ．But if they administered the drug and playedonly one of the sounds ，the mice would only forget that one tone ，while still remaining（15）of the other ．Over time scientists have discovered specificdrugs to target particular proteinsacross different parts of the brain ．（1）A．refreshB ．forgetC．controlD ．eraseD ．C process range．．idea structureB （2）A．D ．complex partialC．B A（3）．incorrect．evidentD bringing．buildingC．（4）A eliminating decreasingB ．．D ．inspired）A．identifiedCB ．stopped．perfected （5D C On the contraryB ．．As a result．For example）（6 A．By contrastD ．deletionC estimation A （7）．evaluation．．productionBD currentC．criticalB ．．former．）（8 A terrifiedD function creationB repetition9（）A．．C．．reproductionD （10 valuableC．．missing complicatedB ．）A uncontrolled．D repeatedlyA 11（）．C effectivelyB ．．．hardly consistentlyD ．While After．）（12 A BeforeC UntilB ．．D ．respond toB turn to A 13（）．．return to adapt toC．D eventuallyC．especially．）（14 AsurprisinglyB ．．similarlyD C．suspicious．A 15（）．painful carefulB ．fearfulSection B （22 分）Directions：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followedby several questions or unfinished statements. For eachof them there are four choicesmarked A ，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given inthe passage you have just read.17．（8 分）Who would win in a fight，a lion or a tiger？Well，if size has anything to do withthe matter ，the tiger would win ．That's because tigers are the largest ofall catspecies．Tigers are not only large ，they are also fast．Theycan sprint as fast as 40miles per第7页（共46页）hour for short distances and leap as far as 30feet horizontally ．You might not think that suchlarge，fast，and fierce creatures need help to survive ，but they do ．It is estimated that at the start of the 20th century ，there were over 100，000 tigers livingin the wild ．By the turn of the century ，the number of tigers outside of captivity dwindled tojust over 3 ，000．Interestingly ，the most serious threats that tigers face come from a muchsmaller species，one with an average weight of around140lbs ．That species is Homo sapiens，better known as humans．Humans threaten tigers in primarilytwo ways：hunting anddestroying habitat ．Tigers are hunted for many reasons．People have long valued the famous stripedskins．Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world tiger pelts are，worth around ﹩10，000 on the black market ．Though the fur would be incentive enough formost poachers，other parts of the tiger can also fetch a pretty penny ．Some people in Chinaand other Asian cultures believe that various tiger parts have healing properties ．TraditionalChinese medicine calls for the use of tiger bones ，amongst other parts，in some prescriptions ．Tigers have also been hunted as game．In other words ，people hunted tigers solely forthe thrill and achievement of killing them．Such killings took place in large scale during the19th and early 20th centuries，when an English hunter might claim to kill over a hundredtigers in their hunting career ．Though this practice is much less popular today than it was inthe past，it has not ceased entirely．Humans have done considerable damage to the world's tiger population through hunting，but perhaps more damage has been caused through the destruction of habitat．Tigers onceranged widely across Asia ，all the way from Turkey to the eastern coast of Russia ．But overthe past 100 years，tigers have lost 93% of their historic range．Instead of spanning all theway across Asia ，the tiger population is now isolated in small pockets in southern andchanged thebecause humans Asia．Thisishave drasticallysoutheasternenvironments ．Humans have built towns and cities ．Road and transit systems were created toconnect these towns and cities ．To feed the people living in these areas ，forests and fieldshave been cleared to create farmland．A major obstacle to preserving tigers is the enormous amount of territory that each tigerrequires．Each wild tiger demands between 200 and 300 square miles ．Tigers are also both第8页（共46页）territorial and solitary animals ．This means that they are protective of the areas that they claimand they generally do not share with other tigers．Because tigers need so much territory ，it isreally difficult for conservationists to acquire enough land tosupport a large population oftigers．（1）Which of the following is NOT a reason in the article explaining why tigers are hunted？A ．Because tiger skins are worth a lot of money ．B ．Because tiger parts are used as medicines in some cultures．C．Because some tigers attack local villages ．D ．Because tigers are hunted for enjoyment by some people ．（2）The underlined word incentive in the third paragraph probably means．A ．attractiveB ．innovativeC．alternativeD ．respective（3）Which best explains why tigers have lost so much of their habitat according to the text？A ．Because tigers are under threat from other animals ．B ．Because tiger skins are extremely valuable ．C．Because the environment has been changed．D ．Because tigers need so much space to survive．（4）Which of the following best describes the author's main purpose in writing this article？A ．To provide readers with interesting information about thelifestyles of tigers．B ．To persuade readers to help the world's tiger population and to offer ways to help ．C．To entertain readers with stories about how tigers hunt and are hunted ．D ．To explain to readers why the world's tiger population is endangered ．18．（6 分）Learning English Video Project1．Encounters in the UK（17 minutes）第9页（共46页）Watch | CommentsEncounters in the UK is the first film in this documentary mini ﹣series．It tells the story offour girls from different countries who travel to Cambridge in England to study English andstay with local families in what is called a homestay arrangement．For the four girls thehomestay arrangement is a positive experience．As one of the homestay hosts explains：It'sgoing to be a great experience，not only in terms of learning English ，but in learning aboutlife ．尠Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles |Comments Insights from China．2（18 minutes）Watch | CommentsNever say dieBased in the busy，cosmopolitan city of Shanghai ，Daniel Emmerson's latest film Insightsfrom China takes us inside the worlds of English language learning and teaching and the airline第10 页（共46 页）industry in China ．Insights from China focuses largely on the staff and management of aChinese airline company that has recently committed to learning English．Spring Airlines isthe first low ﹣cost airline in China ．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments 3．Stories from Morocco（16 minutes）Watch | CommentsSet in Casablanca，Morocco ，this film features footage and interviews focusing on keyquestions such as Why are people learning English ？and What tips and advice can learnersoffer ？Staff and learners discuss the advantages and challenges of English language learningin Morocco ．Interviewees touch on a variety of topics including British vs．Americanaccents，multi ﹣level classrooms，and the similarities of English to French and Spanish ．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments 4．Thoughts from Brazil（17 minutes）第11 页（共46 页）Watch | CommentsLike Insights from China ，Thoughts from Brazil also looks at modern trends in learningEnglish ，especially for children and teens ．It will be of particular interest to all those wholong for a learning experience that is more interactive and communicative．Teens and youngadults will find new ideas for combining personal interests such as music，gaming and socialmedia with self ﹣study ．As Daniel Emmerson talks to learners and teachers of English in SaoPaulo，Brazil ，he discovers that many of them have found for themselves the principle oflearning by doing and have readily adapted it to the Internet era ．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments（1）From the passage we can conclude that Learning English Video Project is mostprobably．A ．an online coursefocusing on language and cultureB ．audio documents on language learningC．a series of English learning video programsD ．a set of films on English ﹣speaking countries（2）If someone is interested in the comparison between English and other languages，hemight be interested to watch．Encounters in the UKA ．Stories from MoroccoB ．C．Thoughts from BrazilD ．Insights from China（3）What can we know about English learning in Sao Paulo ，Brazil ？A ．Classroom teaching is more interactive and communicative ．B ．Homestay arrangement provides positive experience for learners ．C．The Internet and games plays a major role in language learning ．D ．The principle of learning by doing is widely accepted by learners．19．（8 分）The Paris climate agreement finalised in December last year indicated a new era forclimate action ．For the first time ，the world's nations agreed to keep global warming wellbelow 2℃．第12 页（共46 页）This is vital for climate ﹣vulnerable nations ．Fewer than 4% of countries are responsiblefor more than half of the world's greenhouse gas emissions．In a study published in NatureScientific Reports ，we reveal just how deep this injustice runs ．Developed nations such as Australia ，the United States，Canada，and Europeancountries are essentially climateree ﹣riders ：causing the majority of the problems throughhigh greenhouse gas emissions，while paying few of the costs such as climate changes impacton food and water．In other words ， a few countries are benefiting enormously from theconsumption of fossil fuels ，while at the same time contributingdisproportionately to theglobal burden of climate change ．On the other hand，there are manyorced riders ，who are suffering from the climatechange impacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem ．Many of the world's mostclimate﹣vulnerable countries，the majority of which are African or small island states，produce a very small quantity of emissions ．This is much like a non ﹣smoker getting cancerfrom second ﹣hand smoke，while the heavy smoker is fortunate enough to smoke in goodhealth．The Paris agreement has been widely considered as a positive step forward in addressingclimate change for all ，although the details on addressing climate justice can be best．described as incompleteThe goal of keeping global temperature rise well below 2℃deserves to be praised butthe emissions reduction promises submitted by countries leading up to the Paris talks are veryunlikely to deliver on this ．More than﹩100 billion in funding has been put on the table for supporting developingnations to reduce emissions．However ，the agreement specifies that there is no formaldistinction between developed and developing nations in their responsibility to cut emissions，effectively ignoring historical emissions．There is also very little detail on who will providethe funds or，importantly ，who is responsible for their provision ．Securing these funds andestablishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate﹣．vulnerable countriesThe most climate ﹣vulnerable countries in the world have contributed very littletocreating the global disease from which they now suffer the most．There must urgently be a页）第页（共13 46meaningful mobilization of the policies outlined in the agreement if we are to achieve nationalemissions reductions while helping the most vulnerable countries adapt to climatechange．And it is clearly up to the current generation of leaders from high﹣emitting nations todecide whether they want to be remembered as climate change tyrants（暴君）．or pioneers（1）The author is critical of the Paris climate agreement because．A ．it is unfair to those climate ﹣vulnerable nationsB ．it aims to keep temperature rise below 2 ℃onlyC．it is beneficial to only fewer than 4% of countriesD ．it burdens developed countries with the full responsibility（2）Why does the author call some developed countries climateA ．They needn't worry about the food and water they consume ．B ．They are better able to cope with the global climate change ．C．They hardly pay anything for the problems they have caused ．D ．They are free from the greenhouse effects affecting（3）What does the author say about the ﹩100 billion funding ？A ．It will motivate all nations to reduce carbon emissions．B ．There is no final agreement on where it will come from．C．There is no clarification of how the money will be spent．D ．It will effectively reduce greenhouse emissions worldwide．（4）What urgent action must be taken to realize the Paris climate agreement ？A ．Encouraging high ﹣emitting nations to take theinitiative ．B ．Calling on all the nations concerned to make joint efforts．C．Pushing the current world leaders to come to a consensus ．D ．Putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once ．Section C （8 分）Directions：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a propersentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two moresentences than you need.20．（8 分）第14 页（共46 页）A ．Bike tourism is on the rise in the United States and around the world，according to theAdventure Cycling Association ．B．Slowly ，you can see snapshots of people's daily livesand interact with them ．C．Travelling alters your attitude towards the whole world．D．What's good for the heart is good for the brain，so riding and staying fit is sort of apriority in my life．E．Traveling changes your view of money and what it can do for you．F．Every time you make a roadside stop ，you have the opportunity to meet people or seesomething new．Travel the World by BikeRachel Hugens met her husband，Patrick，while bicycle touring ．The Hugenses，wholive in Boise，when not on their bikes，recently went on their latest round﹣the﹣worldadventure．They visited 36countries on a tour ，touching Europe ，Africa ，Asia and SouthAmerica ．Traveling by bike is the ultimate freedom，Rachel said via email．On a bike，youbecome part of the scenery．The landscape is not framed by a window ．（1）A growing communityrode，Dennis Swift ，secretary of the Southwest Idaho Mountain Biking Associationacross the U．S last year﹣from Seattle to Salem ，Massachusetts．Six people started the tour。

2019 年上海市松江区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10 分）Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．（1 分）A ． A bus．B． A computer ．C． A telescope．D． An elevator ．2．（1 分）A ．Salesman and customer．B． Boss and secretary．C． Husband and wife ．D． Interviewer and interviewee ．3．（1 分）A ．Stamp collecting ．B． Reading．C． Painting ．D． Photography．4．（1 分）A ． He lost a button at work ．B． He thinks he damaged the woman's calculator ．C． He doesn't know where he put the calculator ．D． He's not sure how to solve a maths problem ．5．（1 分）A ． At 6 ：45．B． At 7 ：15．C． At 7 ：45．D． At 8 ：15．6．（1 分）A ． Borrow the books from the woman ．B． Go to buy the books in the shop ．C． Go to his grandpa for some books ．D． Search for the books on the Internet ．7．（1 分）A ． Buying chairs ．B． Preparing for a party ．C． Arranging the place for a contest ．D． Taking part in a contest ．8．（1 分）A ．She works in a very nice restaurant ．B． The restaurant food made her ill ．C． Her job involves a lot of business dinners ．D． She feels tired when preparing meals at home．9．（1 分）A ． Amy didn't seem to be nervous during her speech ．B． Amy needs more training in making public speeches ．C． The man didn't think highly of Amy's presentation ．D． The man can hardly understand Amy's presentation ．10．（1 分）A ．In France．B． In China ．C． In Italy ．D． In Japan．11．（4.5 分）（1）A ． A notice was put in a window seat ．B． Some of the seats were not occupied．C． There was a window seat unoccupied ．D． The plane was not very crowded ．（2）A．Mr ． Jackson was the last passenger to get on board the plane．B． Mr ． Jackson was surprised to see the notice on the sea．tC． Mr ． Jackson sat next to the soldier．D． The plane Mr ． Jackson took was heavily loaded with luggage ．（3）A．The notice was put on the seat by the soldier ．B． The soldier was waiting for his girlfriend ．C． The girl was the last passenger who got on the plane ．D． The seat by the window was kept for the last passenger ．12．（4.5 分）（1）A．Beijing was the most polluted city ．B． The air quality index reading for Xi'an reached 500 ．C． The AQI for Xingtai in Hebei Province was 491 ．D． Emergency measures against air pollution have not been taken ．（2）A．About 100 cities ．B． About 50 cities ．C． About 500 cities ．D． About 20 cities ．（3）A．Limiting government vehicle use ．B． Putting off all construction ．C． Asking polluters to apologize for their action ．D． Reducing the emissions from power companies ．13．（6 分）（1）A．In a studio．B． In a clothing store ．C． At a beach resort．D． At a fashion show ．（2）A．To live there permanently ．B． To stay there for half a year ．C． To find a better job to support herself ．D． To sell leather goods for a British company ．（3）A．Designing fashion items for several companies ．B． Modeling for a world ﹣famous Italian company ．C． Working as an employee for Ferragamo ．D． Serving as a sales agent for Burberry．（4）A．It has seen a steady decline in its profits．B． It has become much more competitive ．C． It has lost many customers to foreign competitors ．D． It has attracted a lot of more designers from abroad ．II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10 分）Directions：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blankswith a given word ，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ；for the otherblanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10 分）Marvel and Disney Remember Stan LeeToday，Marvel Comics and The Walt Disney Company pause and reflect with great sadness on the passing of Marvel Chairman Emeritus ，Stan Lee．With a heavy heart ， we share our deepest condolences（哀悼）（1）his daughter and brother， and we honorand remember the creator，voice and champion of Marvel ．"Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created ． A super hero in his own right to Marvel fans around the world ，Stan had the power to inspire，to entertain，and to connect． Nothing but his heart （2）exceed the scale of his imagination ．" said Bob Iger，Chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Company ．Stan Lee loved the （3）（write） word from an early age ， and wanted to craft stories like those in his favorite books and films ，which he consumed greedily ． From a simple upbringing in Manhattan ，young Stanley worked his way through a series of jobs （4）he found himself an assistant at a comic book publishing company ﹣Timely Comics ．Marvel fans found a friend in Stan Lee ．He introduced the famous "Stan's Soapbox" to speak directly to his readers，（5）（reach） a personal level rarely seen in comics of the day．Always pushing for new ways of creating comics ， Stan also started the "Marvel method" of plotting and art ，creating some of （6）（fantastic）stories in the industry to this day．An entire generation of young readers expanded and strengthened their vocabulary and knowledge through Stan's stories ．Roy Thomas，（7）succeeded Lee as editor﹣in﹣chief at Marvel ， had visited Lee two days before （8）death to discuss the upcoming book The Stan Lee Story ，and stated "I think he was ready to go ． But he was still talking about doing more cameos （配角）．（9）he had the energy for it and didn't have to travel ，Stan was always up（10）（do）something more．"Marvel and the entire Walt Disney Company salute the life and career of Stan Lee and offer their undying gratitude for his unmatchable accomplishments within their halls ．Every time you open a Marvel comic ，Stan will be there ．Section B （10 分）Directions：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10 分）A．interpret B．encounter C．subjective D．ratings E．previously F．belief G．bubbles H．preciously I ．illustrates J．compliments K．siteThe ability of the herd mentality （从众心理）to increase people's chances of liking or believing something may help explain a wide variety of phenomena ．Aral （A managerial economist at the Massachusetts institute of technology ）says，from housing （1）to gold prices and from political polls to restaurant reviews ， the （2）that other people like something has a powerful ability to make people like it themselves ．The new study （3）how simple it would be for companies to control reviews of their products by simply adding a few positive （4）of their own early reviews in the process，Aral adds．It found that effects were strongest when stories were about politics ，business and cultures than for fun or lifestyle pieces ．In situations where there are more（5）news reviews，you have to be a little more cautious about interpreting likes and dislikes ．"Think twice before you trust，how many likes something has，" he adds．"That's something you have to （6）with a grain of salt （持怀疑态度）．" And it's a situation many online users （7）on a daily basis．Aral recently went onYelp ．com to review a restaurant with a plan to give it three out of five stars，but when he got to the （8），he was shown how other people describe the same place and those reviews include someone with five stars． Seeing those positive reviews made him think twice about his own （9）average opinion．"A woman （10）how great it is ，how great her great prices are and how the lemon sauce is so great，" he says．"Maybe it's not such a good idea to say some rating right before you make your own ．"III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15 分）Directions：For each blank in the followingpassage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with theword or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15 分）Whether it's from an awful breakup or a painful life event ，some memories can return repeatedly to our mind for the entire lives ． But， what if science can （1）your badmemories so that you can start all over again ？As is known to all ，memory is an incredibly complex （2）．While scientists used to believe it was like a filing cabinet and particular memories were stored in different sections of the brain ，we now know this is （3）．In fact，each memory is a brain wide process．If you end up remembering something ，it's because the cells in your brain are being fired ，（4）new connections and links and literally rebuild the circuitry of your mind ． And this change is partially （5）by proteins in the brain ．So what if the proteins aren't available ？Simply put ，memories can't be made． Seriously， scientists have tested this by giving animals drugs that prevent these proteins from forming ．（6），the animals have no recollection of the things that took place shortly after the drug was taken ． From this research，scientists actually found a way to target long ﹣term memories for （7）．You see，every single time you remember a memory ，your brain is once again firing and rewiring ．In fact，each time you reflect on a memory ，you are physically changing that memory inyour mind．And each time the memory is changed a little ，it reflects your （8）thoughts． Remembering， to a great extent， is an act of （9）and imagination ，which means that the more you reflect on old memories，the less accurate they will become．And scientists have actually quantified this change ．After 9/11 ， hundreds of people were asked about their memories of the dreadful day ． Ayear later，37% of the details had changed ．By 2004 ，nearly 50% of the details had changedor gone （10）．And because memories are formed and rebuilt every time ，if you administer （服药）the protein﹣preventing drug while recalling a memory ，the memory canbe （11）removed．To test this，scientists took lab rats and played sound for them ，shortly followed by an electric shock．（12）doing this for many times ， the rats quickly learned that if they heard the sound， a shock was soon to follow ．Therefore， they would stress up and freezeevery time they heard it ．Months later，these rats would still （13）the noise． However ， if they administered the drug first ， the rats would lose the memory of the sound， and simply continue on ．They had lost their memory of that specific noise ．To be sure that the drug wasn't just causing large﹣scale brain damage，scientistsrepeated these experiments with various tones this time ．Both sounds would warn for a shock and （14）the rats would fear both ．But if they administered the drug and played only one of the sounds，the mice would only forget that one tone ，while still remaining （15）of the other ．Over time scientists have discovered specific drugs to target particular proteins across different parts of the brain ．（1）A．refresh B．forget C．control D． erase（2）A．range B．process C．idea D． structure（3）A．incorrect B．evident C．partial D． complex（4）A．eliminating B．decreasing C．bringing D． building（5）A．inspired B．stopped C．identified D． perfected（6）A．By contrast B．On the contrary C．As a result D． For example（7）A．evaluation B．estimation C．deletion D． production（8）A．terrified B．critical C．current D． former（9）A．repetition B．creation C．function D． reproduction（10）A．uncontrolled B．complicated C．valuable D． missing（11）A ．repeatedly B．effectively C．hardly D． consistently（12）A．Before B．Until C．After D． While（13）A．turn to B．respond to C．adapt to D． return to（14）A．surprisingly B．especially C．eventually D． similarly（15）A．suspicious B．careful C．painful D． fearfulSection B （22 分）Directions：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followedby several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A ，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given inthe passage you have just read.17．（8 分）Who would win in a fight ， a lion or a tiger ？Well， if size has anything to do with the matter ，the tiger would win ．That's because tigers are the largest of all cat species． Tigers are not only large ， they are also fast． They can sprint as fast as 40miles perhour for short distances and leap as far as 30feet horizontally ．You might not think that such large，fast，and fierce creatures need help to survive ，but they do．It is estimated that at the start of the 20th century ， there were over 100，000 tigers living in the wild ． By the turn of the century ， the number of tigers outside of captivity dwindled to just over 3 ，000．Interestingly ，the most serious threats that tigers face come from a much smaller species，one with an average weight of around 140lbs ．That species is Homo sapiens，better known as humans． Humans threaten tigers in primarily two ways：hunting and destroying habitat ．Tigers are hunted for many reasons．People have long valued the famous striped skins．Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world ，tiger pelts are worth around ﹩10，000 on the black market ． Though the fur would be incentive enough formost poachers，other parts of the tiger can also fetch a pretty penny ．Some people in Chinaand other Asian cultures believe that various tiger parts have healing properties ．Traditional Chinese medicine calls for the use of tiger bones ，amongst other parts， in some prescriptions ．Tigers have also been hunted as game．In other words ，people hunted tigers solely forthe thrill and achievement of killing them ．Such killings took place in large scale during the 19th and early 20th centuries，when an English hunter might claim to kill over a hundred tigers in their hunting career ．Though this practice is much less popular today than it was in the past，it has not ceased entirely．Humans have done considerable damage to the world's tiger population through hunting ，but perhaps more damage has been caused through the destruction of habitat．Tigers onceranged widely across Asia ， all the way from Turkey to the eastern coast of Russia ． But overthe past 100 years，tigers have lost 93% of their historic range ． Instead of spanning all the way across Asia， the tiger population is now isolated in small pockets in southern and southeastern Asia ．This is because humans have drastically changed the environments．Humans have built towns and cities ．Road and transit systems were created to connect these towns and cities ．To feed the people living in these areas ，forests and fields have been cleared to create farmland．A major obstacle to preserving tigers is the enormous amount of territory that each tiger requires．Each wild tiger demands between 200 and 300 square miles ．Tigers are also bothterritorial and solitary animals ．This means that they are protective of the areas that they claim and they generally do not share with other tigers ．Because tigers need so much territory ，it is really difficult for conservationists to acquire enough land to support a large population of tigers．（1）Which of the following is NOT a reason in the article explaining why tigers are hunted ？A ． Because tiger skins are worth a lot of money ．B． Because tiger parts are used as medicines in some cultures．C． Because some tigers attack local villages ．D． Because tigers are hunted for enjoyment by some people ．（2）The underlined word "incentive" in the third paragraph probably means ．A ． attractiveB． innovativeC． alternativeD． respective（3）Which best explains why tigers have lost so much of their habitat according to the text ？A ． Because tigers are under threat from other animals ．B． Because tiger skins are extremely valuable ．C． Because the environment has been changed．D． Because tigers need so much space to survive．（4）Which of the following best describes the author's main purpose in writing this article ？A ． To provide readers with interesting information about the lifestyles of tigers ．B． To persuade readers to help the world's tiger population and to offer ways to help ．C． To entertain readers with stories about how tigers hunt and are hunted ．D． To explain to readers why the world's tiger population is endangered ．18．（6 分）Learning English Video Project1．Encounters in the UK （17 minutes）Watch | CommentsEncounters in the UK is the first film in this documentary mini ﹣series．It tells the story of four girls from different countries who travel to Cambridge in England to study English andstay with local families in what is called a "homestay" arrangement ．For the four girls the homestay arrangement is a positive experience． As one of the homestay hosts explains： "It'sgoing to be a great experience，not only in terms of learning English ，but in learning aboutlife ．"Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments2．Insights from China （18 minutes）Watch | CommentsNever say dieBased in the busy，cosmopolitan city of Shanghai ，Daniel Emmerson's latest film Insightsfrom China takes us inside the worlds of English language learning and teaching and the airlineindustry in China ．"Insights from China" focuses largely on the staff and management of a Chinese airline company that has recently committed to learning English ．Spring Airlines isthe first low ﹣cost airline in China ．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments3．Stories from Morocco （16 minutes）Watch | CommentsSet in Casablanca，Morocco ，this film features footage and interviews focusing on key questions such as "Why are people learning English ？" and "What tips and advice can learners offer ？" Staff and learners discuss the advantages and challenges of English language learning in Morocco ．Interviewees touch on a variety of topics including British vs ．American accents，multi ﹣level classrooms，and the similarities of English to French and Spanish ．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments4．Thoughts from Brazil （17 minutes）Watch | CommentsLike Insights from China ，Thoughts from Brazil also looks at modern trends in learningEnglish ， especially for children and teens ．It will be of particular interest to all those who long for a learning experience that is more interactive and communicative ．Teens and young adults will find new ideas for combining personal interests such as music ，gaming and social media with self ﹣study． As Daniel Emmerson talks to learners and teachers of English in Sao Paulo，Brazil ，he discovers that many of them have found for themselves the principle of learning by doing and have readily adapted it to the Internet era ．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments（1）From the passage we can conclude that "Learning English Video Project" is most probably ．A ． an online coursefocusing on language and cultureB． audio documents on language learningC． a series of English learning video programsD． a set of films on English ﹣speaking countries（2）If someone is interested in the comparison between English and other languages ，he might be interested to watch ．A ． Encounters in the UKB． Stories from MoroccoC． Thoughts from BrazilD． Insights from China（3）What can we know about English learning in Sao Paulo ，Brazil ？A ． Classroom teaching is more interactive and communicative ．B． Homestay arrangement provides positive experience for learners ．C． The Internet and games plays a major role in language learning ．D． The principle of learning by doing is widely accepted by learners ．19．（8 分）The Paris climate agreement finalised in December last year indicated a new era for climate action ．For the first time ，the world's nations agreed to keep global warming well below 2℃．This is vital for climate ﹣vulnerable nations． Fewer than 4% of countries are responsiblefor more than half of the world's greenhouse gas emissions ．In a study published in Nature Scientific Reports ，we reveal just how deep this injustice runs ．Developed nations such as Australia ，the United States，Canada，and Europeancountries are essentially climate "free ﹣riders"：causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gas emissions， while paying few of the costs such as climate changes impacton food and water．In other words， a few countries are benefiting enormously from the consumption of fossil fuels，while at the same time contributing disproportionately to the global burden of climate change ．On the other hand，there are many "forced riders" ，who are suffering from the climatechange impacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem ． Many of the world's mostclimate﹣vulnerable countries，the majority of which are African or small island states，produce a very small quantity of emissions ．This is much like a non ﹣smoker getting cancerfrom second ﹣hand smoke，while the heavy smoker is fortunate enough to smoke in goodhealth．The Paris agreement has been widely considered as a positive step forward in addressingclimate change for all，although the details on addressing "climate justice" can be best described as incomplete．The goal of keeping global temperature rise "well below" 2 ℃deserves to be praised butthe emissions reduction promises submitted by countries leading up to the Paris talks are very unlikely to deliver on this ．More than ﹩100 billion in funding has been put on the table for supporting developingnations to reduce emissions．However ，the agreement specifies that there is no formal distinction between developed and developing nations in their responsibility to cut emissions ，effectively ignoring historical emissions ．There is also very little detail on who will provide the funds or， importantly ， who is responsible for their provision ． Securing these funds and establishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate ﹣vulnerable countries ．The most climate ﹣vulnerable countries in the world have contributed very little to creating the global disease from which they now suffer the most ．There must urgently be ameaningful mobilization of the policies outlined in the agreement if we are to achieve national emissions reductions while helping the most vulnerable countries adapt to climate change ．And it is clearly up to the current generation of leaders from high ﹣emitting nations to decide whether they want to be remembered as climate change tyrants （暴君）or pioneers．（1）The author is critical of the Paris climate agreement because ．A ． it is unfair to those climate ﹣vulnerable nationsB． it aims to keep temperature rise below 2 ℃ onlyC． it is beneficial to only fewer than 4% of countriesD． it burdens developed countries with the full responsibility（2）Why does the author call some developed countries climate "free ﹣riders"？A ． They needn't worry about the food and water they consume ．B． They are better able to cope with the global climate change ．C． They hardly pay anything for the problems they have caused ．D． They are free from the greenhouse effects affecting "forced riders" ．（3）What does the author say about the ﹩100 billion funding ？A ． It will motivate all nations to reduce carbon emissions ．B． There is no final agreement on where it will come from ．C． There is no clarification of how the money will be spent ．D． It will effectively reduce greenhouse emissions worldwide ．（4）What urgent action must be taken to realize the Paris climate agreement ？A ． Encouraging high ﹣emitting nations to take the initiative ．B． Calling on all the nations concerned to make joint efforts ．C． Pushing the current world leaders to come to a consensus．D． Putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once ．Section C （8 分）Directions：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a propersentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8 分）A．Bike tourism is on the rise in the United States and around the world ，according to the Adventure Cycling Association ．B．Slowly ，you can see snapshots of people's daily lives and interact with them ．C．Travelling alters your attitude towards the whole world ．D．What's good for the heart is good for the brain ， so riding and staying fit is sort of a priority in my life ．E．Traveling changes your view of money and what it can do for you ．F．Every time you make a roadside stop ，you have the opportunity to meet people or see something new．Travel the World by BikeRachel Hugens met her husband，Patrick，while bicycle touring ．The Hugenses，wholive in Boise，when not on their bikes，recently went on their latest round﹣the﹣world adventure． They visited 36countries on a tour ， touching Europe ， Africa ， Asia and South America ．"Traveling by bike is the ultimate freedom ，" Rachel said via email ．"On a bike ，you become part of the scenery．The landscape is not framed by a window ．（1）"A growing communityDennis Swift ，secretary of the Southwest Idaho Mountain Biking Association ，rode across the U．S last year﹣from Seattle to Salem， Massachusetts． Six people started the tour and three finished，riding 52 out of 56 days ．They averaged about 60 miles per riding day ．"We took quite a few pictures ；we didn't keep our head down the whole way ，" Swift said．"We got to meet different people ．It's the people that are probably most important ．" Swift also rode through the Basque Country with a group of Boise cyclists last year．He's planning to participate in a Virginia bike tour this year ．"When you get older ，your health is the number one priority ．" he said，" （2）"Seeing the places in between"Traveling by bicycle forces you to visit the places in between that many backpackers traveling by bus would pass by ，" Patrick said ．" （3）" The challenges， beyondthe obvious mental and physical energy required ，include navigating visa requirements ，foodchoices，language barriers，poor riding surfaces and boxing bikes for air travel ，Rachel said．Financial flexibility to travelThis is the third time that the couple has quit their jobs to tour ． Rachel is a registered nurse；Patrick is an architect ．Both regained their former jobs when they returned home in 2000 and 2007． They're uncertain what will happen this time ．They've given themselves financial flexibility by paying off their home ，commuting to work by bike and avoiding some of the bills that are important parts for most （cell phones，cable TV ）．They travel with a ﹩50 daily budget ．"（4）"Rachel said．"We've metsome cyclists traveling long term on a﹩10 daily budget．They can travel as long as their money lasts，so they're motivated to spend wisely ．"IV. Summary Writing （10 分）21．（10 分）Directions ： Read the following passage ．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible ．The drug store was closing for the night and Alfred Higgins was about to go home when his new boss approached him．"Empty your pockets please ，Alfred ，" Sam Carr demanded in a firm voice ．Alfred pretended to be shocked but he knew he'd been caught．From his coat he withdrew a make ﹣up kit ， a lipstick and two tubes of toothpaste ．"I'm disappointed in you ，Alfred!" said the little gray ﹣haired man．"Sorry ，Sir．Please forgive me．I've never done such a thing before ．" Alfred lied ，hoping to gain the old man's sympathy ．Mr Carr's brow furrowed （皱眉）as he reached for the phone， "Do you take me for a fool ？Let's see what the police have to say ．But first I'll call your mother and let her know her son is heading to jail ．""Do whatever you want ，" Alfred shot back ，trying to sound big ．But deep down he felt like a child ．He imagined his mother rushing in，eyes burning with anger，maybe in tears．Yet he wanted her to come quickly before Mr ． Carr called the police ．Mr ．Carr was surprised when Mrs Higgins finally arrived ．She was very calm， quiet and friendly ．"Is Alfred in trouble ？" she asked．"He's been stealing from the store ，" the old man coolly replied ．。

2019 年上海市松江区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （ 10 分）Directions ： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ， read the four possible answers on your paper ， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（ 1 分） A ． A bus ．B ． A computer ．C． A telescope．D ． An elevator ．2．（ 1 分） A ． Salesman and customer．B ． Boss and secretary．C． Husband and wife ．D ． Interviewer and interviewee ．3．（ 1 分） A ． Stamp collecting ．B ． Reading．C． Painting ．D ． Photography．4．（ 1 分） A ． He lost a button at work ．B ． He thinks he damaged the woman's calculator ．C． He doesn't know where he put the calculator ．D ． He's not sure how to solve a maths problem ．5．（ 1 分） A ． At 6 ： 45．B ． At 7 ： 15．C． At 7 ： 45．D ． At 8 ： 15．6．（ 1 分） A ． Borrow the books from the woman ．B ． Go to buy the books in the shop ．C． Go to his grandpa for some books ．D ． Search for the books on the Internet ．7．（ 1 分） A ． Buying chairs ．B ． Preparing for a party ．C． Arranging the place for a contest ．D ． Taking part in a contest ．8．（ 1 分） A ． She works in a very nice restaurant ．B ． The restaurant food made her ill ．C． Her job involves a lot of business dinners ．D ． She feels tired when preparing meals at home ．9．（ 1 分） A ． Amy didn't seem to be nervous during her speech ．B ． Amy needs more training in making public speeches ．C． The man didn't think highly of Amy's presentation．D ． The man can hardly understand Amy's presentation ．10．（ 1 分） A ． In France．B ． In China ．C． In Italy ．D ． In Japan．11．（4.5 分）（1） A ． A notice was put in a window seat ．B ． Some of the seats were not occupied．C． There was a window seat unoccupied ．D ． The plane was not very crowded ．（2）A ． Mr ． Jackson was the last passenger to get on board the plane．B ． Mr ． Jackson was surprised to see the notice on the seat．C． Mr ． Jackson sat next to the soldier．D ． The plane Mr ． Jackson took was heavily loaded with luggage ．（3）A ． The notice was put on the seat by the soldier ．B ． The soldier was waiting for his girlfriend．C． The girl was the last passenger who got on the plane ．D ． The seat by the window was kept for the last passenger ．B ． The air quality index reading for Xi'an reached 500．C． The AQI for Xingtai in Hebei Province was 491．D ． Emergency measures against air pollution have not been taken ．（ 2）A ． About 100 cities ．B ． About 50 cities ．C． About 500 cities ．D ． About 20 cities ．（ 3）A ． Limiting government vehicle use ．B ． Putting off all construction ．C． Asking polluters to apologize for their action．D ． Reducing the emissions from power companies ．13．（ 6 分）（ 1） A． In a studio ．B ． In a clothing store ．C． At a beach resort．D ． At a fashion show ．（ 2）A ． To live there permanently ．B ． To stay there for half a year ．C． To find a better job to support herself ．D ． To sell leather goods for a British company ．（ 3）A ． Designing fashion items for several companies ．B ． Modeling for a world ﹣ famous Italian company ．C． Working as an employee for Ferragamo ．D ． Serving as a sales agent for Burberry ．（ 4）A ． It has seen a steady decline in its profits ．B ． It has become much more competitive ．C． It has lost many customers to foreign competitors ．D ． It has attracted a lot of more designers from abroad ．II. Grammar and VocabularySection A（10分）Directions：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanksblanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14．（ 10 分）Marvel and Disney Remember Stan LeeToday， Marvel Comics and The Walt Disney Company pause and reflect with great sadness on the passing of Marvel Chairman Emeritus ， Stan Lee． With a heavy heart ， we share our deepest condolences（哀悼）（ 1）his daughter and brother， and we honor and remember the creator， voice and champion of Marvel ．"Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created． A super hero in his own right to Marvel fans around the world ， Stan had the power to inspire ， to entertain， and to connect． Nothing but his heart （ 2）exceed the scale of his imagination ．" said Bob Iger， Chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Company ．Stan Lee loved the （ 3）（write）word from an early age，and wanted to craft stories like those in his favorite books and films ， which he consumed greedily ． From a simple upbringing in Manhattan ， young Stanley worked his way through a series of jobs（ 4）he found himself an assistant at a comic book publishing company ﹣ Timely Comics ．Marvel fans found a friend in Stan Lee．He introduced the famous "Stan's Soapbox" to speak directly to his readers ，（ 5）（reach）a personal level rarely seen in comics of the day． Always pushing for new ways of creating comics，Stan also started the "Marvel method" of plotting and art ， creating some of （ 6）（fantastic）stories in the industry to this day．An entire generation of young readers expanded and strengthened their vocabulary and knowledge through Stan's stories ．Roy Thomas，（ 7）succeeded Lee as editor﹣ in﹣ chief at Marvel ， had visited Lee two days before（8）death to discuss the upcoming book The Stan Lee Story ，and stated "I think he was ready to go ． But he was still talking about doing more cameos （配角）．（ 9）he had the energy for it and didn't have to travel ， Stan was always up （ 10）（do） something more． "Marvel and the entire Walt Disney Company salute the life and career of Stan Lee and offer their undying gratitude for his unmatchable accomplishments within their halls．Every time you open a Marvel comic ， Stan will be there ．Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（ 10 分）A ． interpret B ． encounter C． subjective D ． ratings E． previously F． belief G． bubbles H． preciously I ． illustrates J． compliments K ． siteThe ability of the herd mentality （从众心理） to increase people's chances of liking or believing something may help explain a wide variety of phenomena． Aral （ A managerial economist at the Massachusetts institute of technology ） says， from housing（ 1）to gold prices and from political polls to restaurant reviews ， the （2）that other people like something has a powerful ability to make people like it themselves．The new study （ 3）how simple it would be for companies to control reviews of their products by simply adding a few positive（ 4）of their own early reviews in the process， Aral adds ．It found that effects were strongest when stories were about politics ， business and cultures than for fun or lifestyle pieces ． In situations where there are more （ 5）news reviews， you have to be a little more cautious about interpreting likes and dislikes ．"Think twice before you trust， how many likes something has， " he adds． "That's something you have to （ 6）with a grain of salt（持怀疑态度）．" And it's a situation many online users （ 7）on a daily basis ．Aral recently went onYelp ． com to review a restaurant with a plan to give it three out of five stars， but when he got to the （ 8），he was shown how other people describe the same place and those reviews include someone with five stars． Seeing those positivereviews made him think twice about his own（9）average opinion ．"A woman（10）how great it is ， how great her great prices are and how the lemon sauce is so great， " he says． "Maybe it's not such a good idea to say some rating right before you make your own ． "III.Reading ComprehensionSection A （ 15 分）Directions： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（ 15 分）Whether it's from an awful breakup or a painful life event，some memories can returnmemories so that you can start all over again ？ As is known to all ， memory is an incredibly complex （ 2）．While scientists used to believe it was like a filing cabinet and particular memories were stored in different sections of the brain ， we now know this is （ 3）．In fact ， each memory is a brain wide process ． If you end up remembering something ，it's because the cells in your brain are being fired ，（ 4）new connections and links and literally rebuild the circuitry of your mind．And this change is partially（5）by proteins in the brain ． So what if the proteins aren't available ？Simply put ， memories can't be made． Seriously ， scientists have tested this by giving animals drugs that prevent these proteins from forming．（6），the animals have no recollection of the things that took place shortly after the drug was taken．From this research，scientists actually found a way to target long﹣term memories for（7）．You see，every single time you remember a memory ， your brain is once again firing and rewiring．In fact ， each time you reflect on a memory ， you are physically changing that memory in your mind ．And each time the memory is changed a little ，it reflects your（8）thoughts． Remembering ， to a great extent， is an act of （ 9）and imagination ，which means that the more you reflect on old memories ， the less accurate they will become． And scientists have actually quantified this change ．After 9/11 ， hundreds of people were asked about their memories of the dreadful day ． A year later， 37% of the details had changed ． By 2004 ， nearly 50% of the details had changed or gone （ 10）．And because memories are formed and rebuilt every time，if you administer （服药） the protein﹣ preventing drug while recalling a memory ， the memory can be （ 11）removed．To test this， scientists took lab rats and played sound for them ， shortly followed by an electric shock ．（ 12）doing this for many times ， the rats quickly learned that if they heard the sound， a shock was soon to follow ． Therefore ， they would stress up and freeze every time they heard it ．Months later ，these rats would still（13）the noise． However ， if they administered the drug first ， the rats would lose the memory of the sound， and simply continue on ． They had lost their memory of that specific noise ．repeated these experiments with various tones this time ． Both sounds would warn for a shock and （14）the rats would fear both ． But if they administered the drug and played only one of the sounds ， the mice would only forget that one tone ， while still remaining（ 15）of the other ． Over time scientists have discovered specific drugs to target particular proteins across different parts of the brain ．（1） A． refresh B ． forget C． control D ． erase（2） A． range B ． process C． idea D ． structure（3） A． incorrect B ． evident C． partial D ． complex（4） A． eliminating B ． decreasing C． bringing D ． building（5） A． inspired B ． stopped C． identified D ． perfected（6） A． By contrast B ． On the contrary C． As a result D ． For example（7） A． evaluation B ． estimation C． deletion D ． production（8） A． terrified B ． critical C． current D ． former（9） A． repetition B ． creation C． function D ． reproduction（10） A ． uncontrolled B ． complicated C． valuable D ． missing（11）A ． repeatedly B ． effectively C． hardly D ． consistently（12） A ． Before B ． Until C． After D ． While（13） A ． turn to B ． respond to C． adapt to D ． return to（14） A ． surprisingly B ． especially C． eventually D ． similarly（15） A ． suspicious B ． careful C． painful D ． fearfulSection B （ 22 分）Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A ， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（ 8 分）Who would win in a fight，a lion or a tiger？Well，if size has anything to do with the matter ，the tiger would win ．That's because tigers are the largest of all cathour for short distances and leap as far as 30feet horizontally ． You might not think that such large， fast， and fierce creatures need help to survive ， but they do ．It is estimated that at the start of the 20th century ， there were over 100，000 tigers livingin the wild ． By the turn of the century ， the number of tigers outside of captivity dwindled to just over 3 ， 000． Interestingly ， the most serious threats that tigers face come from a much smaller species， one with an average weight of around 140lbs ． That species is Homo sapiens，better known as humans． Humans threaten tigers in primarily two ways： hunting and destroying habitat ．Tigers are hunted for many reasons．People have long valued the famous striped skins． Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world，tiger pelts are worth around ﹩ 10，000 on the black market ． Though the fur would be incentive enough for most poachers， other parts of the tiger can also fetch a pretty penny ． Some people in China and other Asian cultures believe that various tiger parts have healing properties ． Traditional Chinese medicine calls for the use of tiger bones ， amongst other parts， in some prescriptions ．Tigers have also been hunted as game． In other words ， people hunted tigers solely for the thrill and achievement of killing them．Such killings took place in large scale during the19th and early 20th centuries， when an English hunter might claim to kill over a hundredtigers in their hunting career ． Though this practice is much less popular today than it was inthe past， it has not ceased entirely．Humans have done considerable damage to the world's tiger population through hunting，but perhaps more damage has been caused through the destruction of habitat． Tigers once ranged widely across Asia ， all the way from Turkey to the eastern coast of Russia ． But over the past 100 years， tigers have lost 93% of their historic range．Instead of spanning all the way across Asia ， the tiger population is now isolated in small pockets in southern and southeastern Asia．This is because humans have drastically changed the environments ． Humans have built towns and cities ． Road and transit systems were created to connect these towns and cities ． To feed the people living in these areas ， forests and fields have been cleared to create farmland．A major obstacle to preserving tigers is the enormous amount of territory that each tigerterritorial and solitary animals ． This means that they are protective of the areas that they claimand they generally do not share with other tigers really difficult for conservationists to acquire ．Because tigers need so much territory ， it is enough land to support a large population oftigers．（ 1）Which of the following is NOT a reason in the article explaining why tigers are hunted？A ． Because tiger skins are worth a lot of money ．B ． Because tiger parts are used as medicines in some cultures．C． Because some tigers attack local villages ．D ． Because tigers are hunted for enjoyment by some people ．（ 2）The underlined word "incentive" in the third paragraph probably means．A ． attractiveB ． innovativeC． alternativeD ． respective（ 3）Which best explains why tigers have lost so much of their habitat according to the text？A ． Because tigers are under threat from other animals ．B ． Because tiger skins are extremely valuable ．C． Because the environment has been changed．D ． Because tigers need so much space to survive．（ 4）Which of the following best describes the author's main purpose in writing this article？A ． To provide readers with interesting information about the lifestyles of tigers．B ． To persuade readers to help the world's tiger population and to offer ways to help ．C． To entertain readers with stories about how tigers hunt and are hunted ．D ． To explain to readers why the world's tiger population is endangered ．18．（ 6 分）Learning English Video Project1． Encounters in the UK（17 minutes）Watch | CommentsEncounters in the UK is the first film in this documentary mini﹣series．It tells the story of four girls from different countries who travel to Cambridge in England to study English andstay with local families in what is called a "homestay" arrangement．For the four girls thehomestay arrangement is a positive experience． As one of the homestay hosts explains： "It's going to be a great experience， not only in terms of learning English ， but in learning aboutlife ． "Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles |Comments2． Insights from China（18 minutes）Watch | CommentsNever say dieBased in the busy， cosmopolitan city of Shanghai ， Daniel Emmerson's latest film Insights from China takes us inside the worlds of English language learning and teaching and the airlineindustry in China ． "Insights from China" focuses largely on the staff and management of a Chinese airline company that has recently committed to learning English．Spring Airlines isthe first low ﹣ cost airline in China ．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments3． Stories from Morocco（16 minutes）Watch | CommentsSet in Casablanca， Morocco ， this film features footage and interviews focusing on key questions such as "Why are people learning English ？" and "What tips and advice can learners offer ？" Staff and learners discuss the advantages and challenges of English language learning in Morocco ． Interviewees touch on a variety of topics including British vs．American accents， multi ﹣level classrooms， and the similarities of English to French and Spanish ．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments4． Thoughts from Brazil（17 minutes）Watch | CommentsLike Insights from China ， Thoughts from Brazil also looks at modern trends in learning English ， especially for children and teens ． It will be of particular interest to all those who long for a learning experience that is more interactive and communicative．Teens and young adults will find new ideas for combining personal interests such as music，gaming and social media with self ﹣study ． As Daniel Emmerson talks to learners and teachers of English in Sao Paulo， Brazil ， he discovers that many of them have found for themselves the principle of learning by doing and have readily adapted it to the Internet era ．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments （1） From the passage we can conclude that "Learning English Video Project" is most probably．A ． an online coursefocusing on language and cultureB ． audio documents on language learningC． a series of English learning video programsD ． a set of films on English ﹣ speaking countries（ 2） If someone is interested in the comparison between English and other languages，he might be interested to watch．A ． Encounters in the UKB ． Stories from MoroccoC． Thoughts from BrazilD ． Insights from China（3）What can we know about English learning in Sao Paulo ， Brazil ？A ． Classroom teaching is more interactive and communicative ．B ． Homestay arrangement provides positive experience for learners ．C． The Internet and games plays a major role in language learning ．D ． The principle of learning by doing is widely accepted by learners．19．（ 8 分） The Paris climate agreement finalised in December last year indicated a new era for climate action ． For the first time ， the world's nations agreed to keep global warming well below 2℃．This is vital for climate ﹣vulnerable nations ． Fewer than 4% of countries are responsible for more than half of the world's greenhouse gas emissions．In a study published in Nature Scientific Reports ， we reveal just how deep this injustice runs ．Developed nations such as Australia ， the United States， Canada， and European countries are essentially climate "free ﹣ riders" ： causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gas emissions， while paying few of the costs such as climate changes impact on food and water． In other words ， a few countries are benefiting enormously from the consumption of fossil fuels ， while at the same time contributing disproportionately to the global burden of climate change ．On the other hand， there are many "forced riders" ， who are suffering from the climate change impacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem ． Many of the world's most climate﹣ vulnerable countries， the majority of which are African or small island states，produce a very small quantity of emissions ． This is much like a non ﹣ smoker getting cancer from second ﹣ hand smoke， while the heavy smoker is fortunate enough to smoke in good health．The Paris agreement has been widely considered as a positive step forward in addressing climate change for all ， although the details on addressing "climate justice" can be best described as incomplete．The goal of keeping global temperature rise "well below" 2℃ deserves to be praised but the emissions reduction promises submitted by countries leading up to the Paris talks are very unlikely to deliver on this ．More than﹩100 billion in funding has been put on the table for supporting developing nations to reduce emissions． However ， the agreement specifies that there is no formal distinction between developed and developing nations in their responsibility to cut emissions，effectively ignoring historical emissions．There is also very little detail on who will provide the funds or， importantly ， who is responsible for their provision ． Securing these funds and establishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate﹣vulnerable countries ．The most climate ﹣ vulnerable countries in the world have contributed very little tomeaningful mobilization of the policies outlined in the agreement if we are to achieve national emissions reductions while helping the most vulnerable countries adapt to climate change ．And it is clearly up to the current generation of leaders from high﹣emitting nations to decide whether they want to be remembered as climate change tyrants（暴君）or pioneers ．（ 1）The author is critical of the Paris climate agreement because．A ． it is unfair to those climate ﹣ vulnerable nationsB ． it aims to keep temperature rise below 2 ℃ onlyC． it is beneficial to only fewer than 4% of countriesD ． it burdens developed countries with the full responsibility（2）Why does the author call some developed countries climate "free ﹣ riders" ？A ． They needn't worry about the food and water they consume ．B ． They are better able to cope with the global climate change ．C． They hardly pay anything for the problems they have caused ．D ． They are free from the greenhouse effects affecting "forced riders" ．（3）What does the author say about the ﹩ 100 billion funding ？A ． It will motivate all nations to reduce carbon emissions．B ． There is no final agreement on where it will come from．C． There is no clarification of how the money will be spent．D ． It will effectively reduce greenhouse emissions worldwide．（4）What urgent action must be taken to realize the Paris climate agreement ？A ． Encouraging high ﹣emitting nations to take the initiative．B ． Calling on all the nations concerned to make joint efforts．C． Pushing the current world leaders to come to a consensus ．D ． Putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once ．Section C （ 8 分） Directions： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（ 8 分）A ． Bike tourism is on the rise in the United States and around the world，according to the Adventure Cycling Association ．B． Slowly ， you can see snapshots of people's daily lives and interact with them ．C． Travelling alters your attitude towards the whole world．D． What's good for the heart is good for the brain，so riding and staying fit is sort of a priority in my life．E． Traveling changes your view of money and what it can do for you．F． Every time you make a roadside stop ， you have the opportunity to meet people or see something new．Travel the World by BikeRachel Hugens met her husband， Patrick， while bicycle touring ． The Hugenses， who live in Boise， when not on their bikes， recently went on their latest round﹣ the﹣ world adventure． They visited 36countries on a tour ， touching Europe ， Africa ， Asia and South America ．"Traveling by bike is the ultimate freedom，" Rachel said via email．"On a bike，you become part of the scenery． The landscape is not framed by a window ．（ 1）"A growing communityDennis Swift ， secretary of the Southwest Idaho Mountain Biking Association ， rode across the U．S last year﹣ from Seattle to Salem ， Massachusetts． Six people started the tour and three finished ， riding 52 out of 56 days ． They averaged about 60 miles per riding day ．"We took quite a few pictures；we didn't keep our head down the whole way，" Swift said． "We got to meet different people ． It's the people that are probably most important ． " Swift also rode through the Basque Country with a group of Boise cyclists last year． He's planning to participate in a Virginia bike tour this year．"When you get older ， your health is the number one priority ．" he said， " （ 2）"Seeing the places in between"Traveling by bicycle forces you to visit the places in between that many backpackers traveling by bus would pass by ，" Patrick said ． " （ 3）" The challenges ， beyond the obvious mental and physical energy required ， include navigating visa requirements ， foodchoices， language barriers， poor riding surfaces and boxing bikes for air travel ， Rachel said．Financial flexibility to travelThis is the third time that the couple has quit their jobs to tour．Rachel is a registered nurse； Patrick is an architect ． Both regained their former jobs when they returned home in 2000 and 2007． They're uncertain what will happen this time．They've given themselves financial flexibility by paying off their home，commuting to work by bike and avoiding some of the bills that are important parts for most（cell phones，cable TV ）． They travel with a﹩50 daily budget．"（4）"Rachel said．"We've met some cyclists traveling long term on a﹩ 10 daily budget． They can travel as long as their money lasts， so they're motivated to spend wisely ． "IV . Summary Writing（10分）21．（ 10 分） Directions ： Read the following passage ． Summarize the main idea and the main point（ s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible ．The drug store was closing for the night and Alfred Higgins was about to go home when his new boss approached him．"Empty your pockets please ， Alfred ， " Sam Carr demanded in a firm voice ．Alfred pretended to be shocked but he knew he'd been caught． From his coat he withdrew a make ﹣ up kit ， a lipstick and two tubes of toothpaste ．"I'm disappointed in you ， Alfred!" said the little gray﹣haired man．"Sorry ， Sir． Please forgive me． I've never done such a thing before ． " Alfred lied ，hoping to gain the old man's sympathy ．Mr Carr's brow furrowed（皱眉）as he reached for the phone， "Do you take me for a fool ？ Let's see what the police have to say ． But first I'll call your mother and let her know her son is heading to jail ．""Do whatever you want ，" Alfred shot back ， trying to sound big ． But deep down he felt like a child ．He imagined his mother rushing in，eyes burning with anger，maybe in tears． Yet he wanted her to come quickly before Mr ． Carr called the police ．Mr ． Carr was surprised when Mrs Higgins finally arrived．She was very calm，quiet and friendly ． "Is Alfred in trouble ？ " she asked．。

2019年上海市松江区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A． A bus．B． A computer．C． A telescope．D．An elevator．2．（1分）A．Salesman and customer．B．Boss and secretary．C．Husband and wife．D．Interviewer and interviewee．3．（1分）A．Stamp collecting．B．Reading．C．Painting．D．Photography．4．（1分）A．He lost a button at work．B．He thinks he damaged the woman's calculator．C．He doesn't know where he put the calculator．D．He's not sure how to solve a maths problem．5．（1分）A．At 6：45．B．At 7：15．C．At 7：45．D．At 8：15．6．（1分）A．Borrow the books from the woman．B．Go to buy the books in the shop．C．Go to his grandpa for some books．D．Search for the books on the Internet．7．（1分）A．Buying chairs．B．Preparing for a party．C．Arranging the place for a contest．D．Taking part in a contest．8．（1分）A．She works in a very nice restaurant．B．The restaurant food made her ill．C．Her job involves a lot of business dinners．D．She feels tired when preparing meals at home．9．（1分）A．Amy didn't seem to be nervous during her speech．B．Amy needs more training in making public speeches．C．The man didn't think highly of Amy's presentation．D．The man can hardly understand Amy's presentation．10．（1分）A．In France．B．In China．C．In Italy．D．In Japan．11．（4.5分）（1）A． A notice was put in a window seat．B．Some of the seats were not occupied．C．There was a window seat unoccupied．D．The plane was not very crowded．（2）A．Mr．Jackson was the last passenger to get on board the plane．B．Mr．Jackson was surprised to see the notice on the seat．C．Mr．Jackson sat next to the soldier．D．The plane Mr．Jackson took was heavily loaded with luggage．（3）A．The notice was put on the seat by the soldier．B．The soldier was waiting for his girlfriend．C．The girl was the last passenger who got on the plane．D．The seat by the window was kept for the last passenger．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Beijing was the most polluted city．B．The air quality index reading for Xi'an reached 500．C．The AQI for Xingtai in Hebei Province was 491．D．Emergency measures against air pollution have not been taken．（2）A．About 100 cities．B．About 50 cities．C．About 500 cities．D．About 20 cities．（3）A．Limiting government vehicle use．B．Putting off all construction．C．Asking polluters to apologize for their action．D．Reducing the emissions from power companies．13．（6分）（1）A．In a studio．B．In a clothing store．C．At a beach resort．D．At a fashion show．（2）A．To live there permanently．B．To stay there for half a year．C．To find a better job to support herself．D．To sell leather goods for a British company．（3）A．Designing fashion items for several companies．B．Modeling for a world﹣famous Italian company．C．Working as an employee for Ferragamo．D．Serving as a sales agent for Burberry．（4）A．It has seen a steady decline in its profits．B．It has become much more competitive．C．It has lost many customers to foreign competitors．D．It has attracted a lot of more designers from abroad．II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10分）Directions：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For theblanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Marvel and Disney Remember Stan LeeToday，Marvel Comics and The Walt Disney Company pause and reflect with great sadness on the passing of Marvel Chairman Emeritus，Stan Lee．With a heavy heart，we share our deepest condolences （哀悼）（1）his daughter and brother，and we honor and remember the creator，voice and champion of Marvel．"Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created． A super hero in his own right to Marvel fans around the world，Stan had the power to inspire，to entertain，and to connect．Nothing but his heart （2）exceed the scale of his imagination．" said Bob Iger，Chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Company．Stan Lee loved the （3）（write）word from an early age，and wanted to craft stories like those in his favorite books and films，which he consumed greedily．From a simple upbringing in Manhattan，young Stanley worked his way through a series of jobs （4）he found himself an assistant at a comic book publishing company ﹣Timely Comics．Marvel fans found a friend in Stan Lee．He introduced the famous "Stan's Soapbox" to speak directly to his readers，（5）（reach） a personal level rarely seen in comics of the day．Always pushing for new ways of creating comics，Stan also started the "Marvel method" of plotting and art，creating some of （6）（fantastic）stories in the industry to this day．An entire generation of young readers expanded and strengthened their vocabulary and knowledge through Stan's stories．Roy Thomas，（7）succeeded Lee as editor﹣in﹣chief at Marvel，had visited Lee two days before （8）death to discuss the upcoming book The Stan Lee Story，and stated "I think he was ready to go．But he was still talking about doing more cameos（配角）．（9）he had the energy for it and didn't have to travel，Stan was always up （10）（do）something more．"Marvel and the entire Walt Disney Company salute the life and career of Stan Lee and offer their undying gratitude for his unmatchable accomplishments within their halls．Every time you open a Marvel comic，Stan will be there．Section B （10分）Directions：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）A．interpret B．encounter C．subjective D．ratings E．previously F．belief G．bubbles H．preciously I．illustrates J．compliments K．siteThe ability of the herd mentality（从众心理）to increase people's chances of liking or believing something may help explain a wide variety of phenomena．Aral （A managerial economist at the Massachusetts institute of technology）says，from housing （1）to gold prices and from political polls to restaurant reviews，the （2）that other people like something has a powerful ability to make people like it themselves．The new study （3）how simple it would be for companies to control reviews of their products by simply adding a few positive （4）of their own early reviews in the process，Aral adds．It found that effects were strongest when stories were about politics，business and cultures than for fun or lifestyle pieces．In situations where there are more （5）news reviews，you have to be a little more cautious about interpreting likes and dislikes．"Think twice before you trust，how many likes something has，" he adds．"That's something you have to （6）with a grain of salt （持怀疑态度）．" And it's a situation many online users （7）on a daily basis．Aral recently went onYelp．com to review a restaurant with a plan to give it three out of five stars，but when he got to the （8），he was shown how other people describe the same place and those reviews include someone with five stars．Seeing those positive reviews made him think twice about his own （9）average opinion．"A woman （10）how great it is，how great her great prices are and how the lemon sauce is so great，" he says．"Maybe it's not such a good idea to say some rating right before you make your own．"III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）Whether it's from an awful breakup or a painful life event，some memories can returnrepeatedly to our mind for the entire lives．But，what if science can （1）your bad memories so that you can start all over again？As is known to all，memory is an incredibly complex （2）．While scientists used to believe it was like a filing cabinet and particular memories were stored in different sections of the brain，we now know this is （3）．In fact，each memory is a brain wide process．If you end up remembering something，it's because the cells in your brain are being fired，（4）new connections and links and literally rebuild the circuitry of your mind．And this change is partially （5）by proteins in the brain．So what if the proteins aren't available？Simply put，memories can't be made．Seriously，scientists have tested this by giving animals drugs that prevent these proteins from forming．（6），the animals have no recollection of the things that took place shortly after the drug was taken．From this research，scientists actually found a way to target long﹣term memories for （7）．You see，every single time you remember a memory，your brain is once again firing and rewiring．In fact，each time you reflect on a memory，you are physically changing that memory in your mind．And each time the memory is changed a little，it reflects your （8）thoughts．Remembering，to a great extent，is an act of （9）and imagination，which means that the more you reflect on old memories，the less accurate they will become．And scientists have actually quantified this change．After 9/11，hundreds of people were asked about their memories of the dreadful day．A year later，37% of the details had changed．By 2004，nearly 50% of the details had changed or gone （10）．And because memories are formed and rebuilt every time，if you administer （服药）the protein﹣preventing drug while recalling a memory，the memory can be （11）removed．To test this，scientists took lab rats and played sound for them，shortly followed by an electric shock．（12）doing this for many times，the rats quickly learned that if they heard the sound， a shock was soon to follow．Therefore，they would stress up and freeze every time they heard it．Months later，these rats would still （13）the noise．However，if they administered the drug first，the rats would lose the memory of the sound，and simply continue on．They had lost their memory of that specific noise．To be sure that the drug wasn't just causing large﹣scale brain damage，scientists repeated these experiments with various tones this time．Both sounds would warn for a shock and （14）the rats would fear both．But if they administered the drug and played only one of the sounds，the mice would only forget that one tone，while still remaining （15）of the other．Over time scientists have discovered specific drugs to target particular proteins across different parts of the brain．（1）A．refresh B．forget C．control D．erase（2）A．range B．process C．idea D．structure（3）A．incorrect B．evident C．partial D．complex（4）A．eliminating B．decreasing C．bringing D．building（5）A．inspired B．stopped C．identified D．perfected（6）A．By contrast B．On the contrary C．As a result D．For example （7）A．evaluation B．estimation C．deletion D．production（8）A．terrified B．critical C．current D．former（9）A．repetition B．creation C．function D．reproduction （10）A．uncontrolled B．complicated C．valuable D．missing（11）A．repeatedly B．effectively C．hardly D．consistently （12）A．Before B．Until C．After D．While（13）A．turn to B．respond to C．adapt to D．return to（14）A．surprisingly B．especially C．eventually D．similarly（15）A．suspicious B．careful C．painful D．fearfulSection B （22分）Directions：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Who would win in a fight， a lion or a tiger？Well，if size has anything to do with the matter，the tiger would win．That's because tigers are the largest of all catspecies．Tigers are not only large，they are also fast．They can sprint as fast as 40miles per hour for short distances and leap as far as 30feet horizontally．You might not think that such large，fast，and fierce creatures need help to survive，but they do．It is estimated that at the start of the 20th century，there were over 100，000 tigers living in the wild．By the turn of the century，the number of tigers outside of captivity dwindled to just over 3，000．Interestingly，the most serious threats that tigers face come from a much smaller species，one with an average weight of around 140lbs．That species is Homo sapiens，better known as humans．Humans threaten tigers in primarily two ways：hunting and destroying habitat．Tigers are hunted for many reasons．People have long valued the famous striped skins．Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world，tiger pelts are worth around ﹩10，000 on the black market．Though the fur would be incentive enough for most poachers，other parts of the tiger can also fetch a pretty penny．Some people in China and other Asian cultures believe that various tiger parts have healing properties．Traditional Chinese medicine calls for the use of tiger bones，amongst other parts，in some prescriptions．Tigers have also been hunted as game．In other words，people hunted tigers solely for the thrill and achievement of killing them．Such killings took place in large scale during the 19th and early 20th centuries，when an English hunter might claim to kill over a hundred tigers in their hunting career．Though this practice is much less popular today than it was in the past，it has not ceased entirely．Humans have done considerable damage to the world's tiger population through hunting，but perhaps more damage has been caused through the destruction of habitat．Tigers once ranged widely across Asia，all the way from Turkey to the eastern coast of Russia．But over the past 100 years，tigers have lost 93% of their historic range．Instead of spanning all the way across Asia，the tiger population is now isolated in small pockets in southern and southeastern Asia．This is because humans have drastically changed the environments．Humans have built towns and cities．Road and transit systems were created to connect these towns and cities．To feed the people living in these areas，forests and fields have been cleared to create farmland．A major obstacle to preserving tigers is the enormous amount of territory that each tigerrequires．Each wild tiger demands between 200 and 300 square miles．Tigers are also both territorial and solitary animals．This means that they are protective of the areas that they claim and they generally do not share with other tigers．Because tigers need so much territory，it is really difficult for conservationists to acquire enough land to support a large population of tigers．（1）Which of the following is NOT a reason in the article explaining why tigers are hunted？A．Because tiger skins are worth a lot of money．B．Because tiger parts are used as medicines in some cultures．C．Because some tigers attack local villages．D．Because tigers are hunted for enjoyment by some people．（2）The underlined word "incentive" in the third paragraph probably means．A．attractiveB．innovativeC．alternativeD．respective（3）Which best explains why tigers have lost so much of their habitat according to the text？A．Because tigers are under threat from other animals．B．Because tiger skins are extremely valuable．C．Because the environment has been changed．D．Because tigers need so much space to survive．（4）Which of the following best describes the author's main purpose in writing this article？A．To provide readers with interesting information about the lifestyles of tigers．B．To persuade readers to help the world's tiger population and to offer ways to help．C．To entertain readers with stories about how tigers hunt and are hunted．D．To explain to readers why the world's tiger population is endangered．18．（6分）Learning English Video Project1．Encounters in the UK （17 minutes）Watch | CommentsEncounters in the UK is the first film in this documentary mini﹣series．It tells the story of four girls from different countries who travel to Cambridge in England to study English andstay with local families in what is called a "homestay" arrangement．For the four girls the homestay arrangement is a positive experience．As one of the homestay hosts explains："It's going to be a great experience，not only in terms of learning English，but in learning aboutlife．"Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments2．Insights from China （18 minutes）Watch | CommentsNever say dieBased in the busy，cosmopolitan city of Shanghai，Daniel Emmerson's latest film Insightsfrom China takes us inside the worlds of English language learning and teaching and the airline industry in China．"Insights from China" focuses largely on the staff and management of a Chinese airline company that has recently committed to learning English．Spring Airlines isthe first low﹣cost airline in China．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments3．Stories from Morocco （16 minutes）Watch | CommentsSet in Casablanca，Morocco，this film features footage and interviews focusing on key questions such as "Why are people learning English？" and "What tips and advice can learners offer？" Staff and learners discuss the advantages and challenges of English language learning in Morocco．Interviewees touch on a variety of topics including British vs．American accents，multi﹣level classrooms，and the similarities of English to French and Spanish．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments4．Thoughts from Brazil （17 minutes）Watch | CommentsLike Insights from China，Thoughts from Brazil also looks at modern trends in learning English，especially for children and teens．It will be of particular interest to all those who long for a learning experience that is more interactive and communicative．Teens and young adults will find new ideas for combining personal interests such as music，gaming and social media with self﹣study．As Daniel Emmerson talks to learners and teachers of English in Sao Paulo，Brazil，he discovers that many of them have found for themselves the principle of learning by doing and have readily adapted it to the Internet era．Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments（1）From the passage we can conclude that "Learning English Video Project" is most probably．A．an online coursefocusing on language and cultureB．audio documents on language learningC． a series of English learning video programsD． a set of films on English﹣speaking countries（2）If someone is interested in the comparison between English and other languages，he might be interested to watch．A．Encounters in the UKB．Stories from MoroccoC．Thoughts from BrazilD．Insights from China（3）What can we know about English learning in Sao Paulo，Brazil？A．Classroom teaching is more interactive and communicative．B．Homestay arrangement provides positive experience for learners．C．The Internet and games plays a major role in language learning．D．The principle of learning by doing is widely accepted by learners．19．（8分）The Paris climate agreement finalised in December last year indicated a new era for climate action．For the first time，the world's nations agreed to keep global warming well below 2℃．This is vital for climate﹣vulnerable nations．Fewer than 4% of countries are responsible for more than half of the world's greenhouse gas emissions．In a study published in Nature Scientific Reports，we reveal just how deep this injustice runs．Developed nations such as Australia，the United States，Canada，and European countries are essentially climate "free﹣riders"：causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gas emissions，while paying few of the costs such as climate changes impact on food and water．In other words， a few countries are benefiting enormously from the consumption of fossil fuels，while at the same time contributing disproportionately to the global burden of climate change．On the other hand，there are many "forced riders"，who are suffering from the climate change impacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem．Many of the world's most climate﹣vulnerable countries，the majority of which are African or small island states，produce a very small quantity of emissions．This is much like a non﹣smoker getting cancer from second﹣hand smoke，while the heavy smoker is fortunate enough to smoke in good health．The Paris agreement has been widely considered as a positive step forward in addressing climate change for all，although the details on addressing "climate justice" can be best described as incomplete．The goal of keeping global temperature rise "well below" 2℃deserves to be praised but the emissions reduction promises submitted by countries leading up to the Paris talks are very unlikely to deliver on this．More than ﹩100 billion in funding has been put on the table for supporting developingnations to reduce emissions．However，the agreement specifies that there is no formal distinction between developed and developing nations in their responsibility to cut emissions，effectively ignoring historical emissions．There is also very little detail on who will providethe funds or，importantly，who is responsible for their provision．Securing these funds and establishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate﹣vulnerable countries．The most climate﹣vulnerable countries in the world have contributed very little to creating the global disease from which they now suffer the most．There must urgently be a meaningful mobilization of the policies outlined in the agreement if we are to achieve national emissions reductions while helping the most vulnerable countries adapt to climate change．And it is clearly up to the current generation of leaders from high﹣emitting nations to decide whether they want to be remembered as climate change tyrants （暴君）or pioneers．（1）The author is critical of the Paris climate agreement because．A．it is unfair to those climate﹣vulnerable nationsB．it aims to keep temperature rise below 2℃onlyC．it is beneficial to only fewer than 4% of countriesD．it burdens developed countries with the full responsibility（2）Why does the author call some developed countries climate "free﹣riders"？A．They needn't worry about the food and water they consume．B．They are better able to cope with the global climate change．C．They hardly pay anything for the problems they have caused．D．They are free from the greenhouse effects affecting "forced riders"．（3）What does the author say about the ﹩100 billion funding？A．It will motivate all nations to reduce carbon emissions．B．There is no final agreement on where it will come from．C．There is no clarification of how the money will be spent．D．It will effectively reduce greenhouse emissions worldwide．（4）What urgent action must be taken to realize the Paris climate agreement？A．Encouraging high﹣emitting nations to take the initiative．B．Calling on all the nations concerned to make joint efforts．C．Pushing the current world leaders to come to a consensus．D．Putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once．Section C （8分）Directions：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）A．Bike tourism is on the rise in the United States and around the world，according to the Adventure Cycling Association．B．Slowly，you can see snapshots of people's daily lives and interact with them．C．Travelling alters your attitude towards the whole world．D．What's good for the heart is good for the brain，so riding and staying fit is sort of a priority in my life．E．Traveling changes your view of money and what it can do for you．F．Every time you make a roadside stop，you have the opportunity to meet people or see something new．Travel the World by BikeRachel Hugens met her husband，Patrick，while bicycle touring．The Hugenses，who live in Boise，when not on their bikes，recently went on their latest round﹣the﹣world adventure．They visited 36countries on a tour，touching Europe，Africa，Asia and South America．"Traveling by bike is the ultimate freedom，" Rachel said via email．"On a bike，you become part of the scenery．The landscape is not framed by a window．（1）"A growing communityDennis Swift，secretary of the Southwest Idaho Mountain Biking Association，rode across the U．S last year﹣from Seattle to Salem，Massachusetts．Six people started the tour and three finished，riding 52 out of 56 days．They averaged about 60 miles per riding day．"We took quite a few pictures；we didn't keep our head down the whole way，" Swift said．"We got to meet different people．It's the people that are probably most important．"Swift also rode through the Basque Country with a group of Boise cyclists last year．He's planning to participate in a Virginia bike tour this year．"When you get older，your health is the number one priority．" he said，" （2）"Seeing the places in between"Traveling by bicycle forces you to visit the places in between that many backpackers traveling by bus would pass by，" Patrick said．" （3）" The challenges，beyond the obvious mental and physical energy required，include navigating visa requirements，food choices，language barriers，poor riding surfaces and boxing bikes for air travel，Rachel said．Financial flexibility to travelThis is the third time that the couple has quit their jobs to tour．Rachel is a registered nurse；Patrick is an architect．Both regained their former jobs when they returned home in 2000 and 2007．They're uncertain what will happen this time．They've given themselves financial flexibility by paying off their home，commuting to work by bike and avoiding some of the bills that are important parts for most （cell phones，cable TV）．They travel with a ﹩50 daily budget．"（4）"Rachel said．"We've met some cyclists traveling long term on a﹩10 daily budget．They can travel as long as their money lasts，so they're motivated to spend wisely．"IV. Summary Writing （10分）21．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．The drug store was closing for the night and Alfred Higgins was about to go home when his new boss approached him．"Empty your pockets please，Alfred，" Sam Carr demanded in a firm voice．Alfred pretended to be shocked but he knew he'd been caught．From his coat he withdrew a make﹣up kit， a lipstick and two tubes of toothpaste．"I'm disappointed in you，Alfred!" said the little gray﹣haired man．"Sorry，Sir．Please forgive me．I've never done such a thing before．" Alfred lied，hoping to gain the old man's sympathy．Mr Carr's brow furrowed （皱眉）as he reached for the phone，"Do you take me for afool？Let's see what the police have to say．But first I'll call your mother and let her know her son is heading to jail．""Do whatever you want，" Alfred shot back，trying to sound big．But deep down he felt like a child．He imagined his mother rushing in，eyes burning with anger，maybe in tears．Yet he wanted her to come quickly before Mr．Carr called the police．Mr．Carr was surprised when Mrs Higgins finally arrived．She was very calm，quiet and friendly．"Is Alfred in trouble？" she asked．"He's been stealing from the store，" the old man coolly replied．Mrs．Higgins put out her hand and touched Mr．Carr's arm with great gentleness as if she knew just how he felt．She spoke as if she did not want to cause him any more trouble．"What do you want to do，Mr．Carr？"The woman's calm and gentle manner disarmed the once﹣angry store﹣owner．"I was going to get a cop．But I don't want to be cruel．Tell your son not to come back here again，and I'll let it go．" Then he warmly shook Mrs．Higgins's hand．Mrs．Higgins thanked the old man for his kindness，then mother and son left．They walked along the street in silence．When they arrived home his mother simply said，"Go to bed，you fool．"In his bedroom，Alfred heard his mother in the kitchen．He felt no shame，only pride in his mother's actions．"She was smooth!" he thought．He went to the kitchen to tell her how great she was，but was shocked by what he saw．His mother's face looked frightened，broken．Not the cool，bright face he saw earlier．Her lips moved nervously．She looked very old．There were tears in her eyes．This picture of his mother made him want to cry．He felt his youth ending．He saw all the troubles he brought her and the deep lines of worry in her grey face．He seemed to have never really seen his mother like that．V. Translation （15分）Directions：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（3分）这是他第一次一本正经地评价我的衣着．（comment）23．（4分）住校能使学生有更多的时间和精力投入到学业中．（enable）24．（4分）最让我担心的是这孩子除了在线游戏之外，似乎对周围的一切都视而不。

2019年上海市松江区高考英语一模试卷I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（10分）Directions：InSectionA，youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation，aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaco nversationandthequestionaboutit，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper，1．（1B．C．D．2．（1B．C．D．Interviewerandinterviewee．3．（1分）A．Stampcollecting．B．Reading．C．Painting．D．Photography．4．（1分）A．Helostabuttonatwork．B．Hethinkshedamagedthewoman'scalculator．C．Hedoesn'tknowwhereheputthecalculator．D．5．（1B．C．D．6．（1B．C．D．SearchforthebooksontheInternet．7．（1分）A．Buyingchairs．B．Preparingforaparty．C．Arrangingtheplaceforacontest．D．Takingpartinacontest．8．（1分）A．Sheworksinaverynicerestaurant．B．Therestaurantfoodmadeherill．C．Herjobinvolvesalotofbusinessdinners．D．9．（1B．C．D．10．（1B．C．D．InJapan．11．（4.5分）（1）A．Anoticewasputinawindowseat．B．Someoftheseatswerenotoccupied．C．Therewasawindowseatunoccupied．D．Theplanewasnotverycrowded．（2）A．Mr．Jacksonwasthelastpassengertogetonboardtheplane．B．Mr．Jacksonwassurprisedtoseethenoticeontheseat．C．Mr．Jacksonsatnexttothesoldier．D．（3）B．C．D．12．（4.5B．C．D．Emergencymeasuresagainstairpollutionhavenotbeentaken．（2）A．About100cities．B．About50cities．C．About500cities．D．About20cities．（3）A．Limitinggovernmentvehicleuse．B．Puttingoffallconstruction．C．Askingpolluterstoapologizefortheiraction．D．13．（6B．C．D．（2）B．C．D．TosellleathergoodsforaBritishcompany．（3）A．Designingfashionitemsforseveralcompanies．B．Modelingforaworld﹣famousItaliancompany．C．WorkingasanemployeeforFerragamo．D．ServingasasalesagentforBurberry．（4）A．Ithasseenasteadydeclineinitsprofits．B．Ithasbecomemuchmorecompetitive．C．Ithaslostmanycustomerstoforeigncompetitors．D．，，14．（10，，，，Stanhadthepowertoinspire，toentertain，andtoconnect．Nothingbuthisheart（2）exceedthescaleofhisimagination．"saidBobIger，ChairmanandCEOoftheWaltDisneyCompany．StanLeelovedthe（3）（write）wordfromanearlyage，andwantedtocraftstorieslikethoseinhisfavoritebooksandfilms，whichheconsumedgreedily．FromasimpleupbringinginManhattan，youngStanleyworkedhiswaythroughaseriesofjobs （4）hefoundhimselfanassistantatacomicbookpublishingcompany﹣TimelyComics．MarvelfansfoundafriendinStanLee．Heintroducedthefamous"Stan'sSoapbox"tospeakdirectlytohisreaders，（5）（reach）apersonallevelrarelyseenincomicsoftheday．Alwayspushingfornewwaysofcreatingcomics，Stanalsostartedthe"Marvelmethod"ofplottingandart，creatingsomeof（6）（fantastic）storiesintheindustrytothisday．Anentiregenerationofyoungreadersexpandedandstrengthenedtheirvocabularyandknowl edgethroughStan'sstories．RoyThomas，（7）succeededLeeaseditor﹣in﹣chiefatMarvel，hadvisitedLeetwodaysbefore（8），（9）：15．（10F．）toincreasepeople'schancesoflikingorbelievingsomethingmayhelpexplainawidevarietyofphenomena．Aral （AmanagerialeconomistattheMassachusettsinstituteoftechnology）says，fromhousing（1）togoldpricesandfrompoliticalpollstorestaurantreviews，the（2）thatotherpeoplelikesomethinghasapowerfulabilitytomakepeoplelikeitthemselves．Thenewstudy（3）howsimpleitwouldbeforcompaniestocontrolreviewsoftheirproductsbysimplyaddingafewpositive（4）Itfoundthateffectswerestrongestwhenstorieswereaboutpolitics，businessandculturesthanforfunorlifestylepieces．Insituationswheretherearemore（5）newsreviews，youhavetobealittlemorecautiousaboutinterpretinglikesanddislikes．"Thinktwicebeforeyoutrust，howmanylikessomethinghas，"headds．"That'ssomethingyouhaveto（6）withagrainofsalt（持怀疑态度）．"Andit'sasituationmanyonlineusers（7）onadailybasis．（8），，：，，1）（2）．Infact，eachmemoryisabrainwideprocess．Ifyouenduprememberingsomething，it'sbecausethecellsinyourbrainarebeingfired，（4）newconnectionsandlinksandliterallyrebuildthecircuitryofyourmind．Andthischangeispartially（5）byproteinsinthebrain．Sowhatiftheproteinsaren'tavailable？Simplyput，memoriescan'tbemade．Seriously，theanimalshavenorecollectionofthethingsthattookplaceshortlyafterthedrugwastaken．Fromthisresearch，scientistsactuallyfoundawaytotargetlong﹣termmemoriesfor（7）．Yousee，everysingletimeyourememberamemory，yourbrainisonceagainfiringandrewiring．Infact，eachtimeyoureflectonamemory，youarephysicallychangingthatmemoryinyourmind．Andeachtimethememoryischangedalittle，itreflectsyour（8）thoughts．Remembering，toagreatextent，isanactof（9）andimagination，，，（10﹣（12），However，，，（14），themicewouldonlyforgetthatonetone，whilestillremaining（15）oftheother．Overtimescientistshavediscoveredspecificdrugstotargetparticularproteinsacrossdifferentpartsofthebrain．（1）A．refresh B．forget C．control D．erase（2）A．range B．process C．idea D．structure（3）A．incorrect B．evident C．partial D．complex（4）A．eliminating B．decreasing C．bringing D．building（5）A．inspired B．stopped C．identified D．perfected（6）A．Bycontrast B．Onthecontrary C．Asaresult D．Forexample（8）（9）（10（11（12（13（14）A．surprisingly B．especially C．eventually D．similarly（15）A．suspicious B．careful C．painful D．fearfulSectionB（22分）Directions：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，17．（8分）Whowouldwininafight，alionoratiger？Well，ifsizehasanythingtodowiththematter，thetigerwouldwin．That'sbecausetigersarethelargestofallcatspecies．Tigersarenotonlylarge，theyarealsofast．Theycansprintasfastas40milesperhourforshortdistancesandleapasfaras30feethorizontally．Youmightn otthinkthatsuchlarge，fast，andfiercecreaturesneedhelptosurvive，buttheydo．Itisestimatedthatatthestartofthe20thcentury，therewereover100，000tigerslivinginthewild．Bytheturnofthecentury，，，，，，，，，rtodaythanitwasinthepast，ithasnotceasedentirely．Humanshavedoneconsiderabledamagetotheworld'stigerpopulationthroughhunting，butperhapsmoredamagehasbeencausedthroughthedestructionofhabitat．TigersoncerangedwidelyacrossAsia，allthewayfromTurkeytotheeasterncoastofRussia．Butoverthepast100years，tigershavelost93%oftheirhistoricrange．InsteadofspanningallthewayacrossAsia，thetigerpopulationisnowisolatedinsmallpocketsinsouthernandsoutheasternAsia．Thisisbecausehumanshavedrastically changedtheenvironments．Humanshavebuilttownsandcities．Roadandtransitsystemswerecreatedtoconnectthesetownsandcities．Tofeedthepeoplelivingintheseareas，forestsandfieldshavebeenclearedtocreatefarmland．Amajorobstacletopreservingtigersistheenormousamountofterritorythateachtigerrequires．Eachwildtigerdemandsbetw een200and300squaremiles．Tigersarealsobothterritorialandsolitaryanimals．Thismeansthattheyareprotectiveoftheare asthattheyclaimandtheygenerallydonotsharewithothertigers．Becausetigersneedsomuchterritory，itisreallydifficultforconservationiststoacquireenoughlandtosupportalargepopulationoftigers．（1）A．B．C．D．（2）A．B．C．alternativeD．respective（3）Whichbestexplainswhytigershavelostsomuchoftheirhabitataccordingtothetext？A．Becausetigersareunderthreatfromotheranimals．B．Becausetigerskinsareextremelyvaluable．C．Becausetheenvironmenthasbeenchanged．D．Becausetigersneedsomuchspacetosurvive．（4）Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle？A．B．C．D．18．（6EncountersintheUKisthefirstfilminthisdocumentarymini﹣series．IttellsthestoryoffourgirlsfromdifferentcountrieswhotraveltoCambridgeinEnglandtostudyEnglishandstaywithlo calfamiliesinwhatiscalleda"homestay"arrangement．Forthefourgirlsthehomestayarrangementisapositiveexperience．Asoneofthehomestayhostsexplains："It'sgoingtobeagreatexperience，notonlyintermsoflearningEnglish，butinlearningaboutlife．"WatchwithSubtitles|WatchwithoutSubtitles|Comments2．InsightsfromChina（18minutes）Watch|CommentsNeversaydie？WatchwithSubtitles|WatchwithoutSubtitles|Comments4．ThoughtsfromBrazil（17minutes）Watch|CommentsLikeInsightsfromChina，ThoughtsfromBrazilalsolooksatmoderntrendsinlearningEnglish，especiallyforchildrenandteens．Itwillbeofparticularinteresttoallthosewholongforalearningexperiencethatismoreinterac tiveandcommunicative．Teensandyoungadultswillfindnewideasforcombiningpersonalinterestssuchasmusic，gamingandsocialmediawithself﹣study．AsDanielEmmersontalkstolearnersandteachersofEnglishinSaoPaulo，Brazil，hediscoversthatmanyofthemhavefoundforthemselvestheprincipleoflearningbydoingandhavereadilyadaptedittotheInternetera．（1）A．B．C．D．（2）hemightbeinterestedtowatch．A．B．C．ThoughtsfromBrazilD．InsightsfromChina（3）WhatcanweknowaboutEnglishlearninginSaoPaulo，Brazil？A．Classroomteachingismoreinteractiveandcommunicative．B．Homestayarrangementprovidespositiveexperienceforlearners．C．TheInternetandgamesplaysamajorroleinlanguagelearning．D．Theprincipleoflearningbydoingiswidelyacceptedbylearners．19．（8，﹣．In﹣riders"，，，，tclimate，produceaverysmallquantityofemissions．Thisismuchlikeanon﹣smokergettingcancerfromsecond﹣handsmoke，whiletheheavysmokerisfortunateenoughtosmokeingoodhealth．TheParisagreementhasbeenwidelyconsideredasapositivestepforwardinaddressingclimatechangeforall，althoughthedetailsonaddressing"climatejustice"canbebestdescribedasincomplete．Thegoalofkeepingglobaltemperaturerise"wellbelow"2℃deservestobepraisedbuttheemissionsreductionpromisessubmittedbycountriesleadinguptotheParistalksareveryunlikelytodeliveronthis．Morethan﹩100billioninfundinghasbeenputonthetableforsupportingdevelopingnationstoreduceemissions．However，theagreementspecifiesthatthereisnoformaldistinctionbetweendevelopedanddevelopingnationsintheirresponsibilitytocut emissions，effectivelyignoringhistoricalemissions．Thereisalsoverylittledetailonwhowillprovidethefundsor，importantly，whoisresponsiblefortheirprovision．Securingthesefundsandestablishingwhoisresponsibleforraisingthemwillalsobevita﹣．﹣（1）A．B．C．D．itburdensdevelopedcountrieswiththefullresponsibility（2）Whydoestheauthorcallsomedevelopedcountriesclimate"free﹣riders"？A．Theyneedn'tworryaboutthefoodandwatertheyconsume．B．Theyarebetterabletocopewiththeglobalclimatechange．C．Theyhardlypayanythingfortheproblemstheyhavecaused．D．Theyarefreefromthegreenhouseeffectsaffecting"forcedriders"．（3）Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthe﹩100billionfunding？A．B．C．D．（4）A．B．C．D．SectionC（8分）Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.No tethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.20．（8分）A．BiketourismisontheriseintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld，accordingtotheAdventureCyclingAssociation．B．Slowly，youcanseesnapshotsofpeople'sdailylivesandinteractwiththem．C．Travellingaltersyourattitudetowardsthewholeworld．D．E．，，Africa，，DennisSwift，secretaryoftheSouthwestIdahoMountainBikingAssociation，rodeacrosstheU．Slastyear﹣fromSeattletoSalem，Massachusetts．Sixpeoplestartedthetourandthreefinished，riding52outof56days．Theyaveragedabout60milesperridingday．"Wetookquiteafewpictures；wedidn'tkeepourheaddownthewholeway，"Swiftsaid．"Wegottomeetdifferentpeople．It'sthepeoplethatareprobablymostimportant．"SwiftalsorodethroughtheBasqueCountrywithagroupofBoisecyclistslastyear．He'splanningtoparticipateinaVirginiabiketourthisyear．"Whenyougetolder，yourhealthisthenumberonepriority．"hesaid，"（2）"Seeingtheplacesinbetween"Travelingbybicycleforcesyoutovisittheplacesinbetweenthatmanybackpackerstravelingbybuswouldpassby，，，；，，﹩IV21．（10分）Directions：Readthefollowingpassage．Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words．Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible．ThedrugstorewasclosingforthenightandAlfredHigginswasabouttogohomewhenhisnewbossapproachedhim．"Emptyyourpocketsplease，Alfred，"SamCarrdemandedinafirmvoice．Alfredpretendedtobeshockedbutheknewhe'dbeencaught．Fromhiscoathewithdrewamake﹣upkit，alipstickandtwotubesoftoothpaste．"I'mdisappointedinyou，Alfred!"saidthelittlegray﹣hairedman．"Sorry，Sir．Pleaseforgiveme．I'veneverdonesuchathingbefore．"Alfredlied，hopingtogaintheoldman'ssympathy．MrCarr'sbrowfurrowed（皱眉）ashereachedforthephone，"Doyoutakemeforafool？，，Mr．？Mrs．﹣owner，andI'llletitgo．"ThenhewarmlyshookMrs．Higgins'shand．Mrs．Higginsthankedtheoldmanforhiskindness，thenmotherandsonleft．Theywalkedalongthestreetinsilence．Whentheyarrivedhomehismothersimplysaid，"Gotobed，youfool．"butwasshockedbywhathesaw．Hismother'sfacelookedfrightened，broken．Notthecool，brightfacehesawearlier．Herlipsmovednervously．Shelookedveryold．Thereweretearsinhereyes．Thispictureofhismothermadehimwanttocry．Hefelthisyouthending．HesawallthetroubleshebroughtherandthedeeplinV22．（323．（424．（425．（4代价．（26．（25．很多高中生会利用课余时间进行知识拓展，现在有两种常见的授课方式可供选择：网络授课（onlineteaching）和传统面授（face﹣to﹣faceteaching），你更倾向于那种授课形式呢？请说说你的理由．2019年上海市松江区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（10分）Directions：InSectionA，youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation，aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaco nversationandthequestionaboutit，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper，anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．（1分）A．Abus．B．C．D．2．（1B．Bossandsecretary．C．Husbandandwife．D．Interviewerandinterviewee．【解答】B【点评】略3．（1分）A．Stampcollecting．B．C．D．4．（1B．Hethinkshedamagedthewoman'scalculator．C．Hedoesn'tknowwhereheputthecalculator．D．He'snotsurehowtosolveamathsproblem．【解答】B【点评】略5．（1分）A．At6：45．B．C．D．6．（1B．Gotobuythebooksintheshop．C．Gotohisgrandpaforsomebooks．D．SearchforthebooksontheInternet．【解答】D【点评】略7．（1分）A．Buyingchairs．B．C．D．8．（1B．Therestaurantfoodmadeherill．C．Herjobinvolvesalotofbusinessdinners．D．Shefeelstiredwhenpreparingmealsathome．【解答】C【点评】略9．（1分）A．Amydidn'tseemtobenervousduringherspeech．B．C．D．10．（1B．InChina．C．InItaly．D．InJapan．【解答】B【点评】略11．（4.5分）（1）A．Anoticewasputinawindowseat．B．C．D．（2）B．C．D．（3）B．Thesoldierwaswaitingforhisgirlfriend．C．Thegirlwasthelastpassengerwhogotontheplane．D．Theseatbythewindowwaskeptforthelastpassenger．【解答】CBA【点评】略12．（4.5分）（1）A．Beijingwasthemostpollutedcity．B．C．D．（2）B．C．D．（3）B．Puttingoffallconstruction．C．Askingpolluterstoapologizefortheiraction．D．Reducingtheemissionsfrompowercompanies．【解答】CAC【点评】略13．（6分）（1）A．Inastudio．B．C．D．（2）B．C．D．（3）B．Modelingforaworld﹣famousItaliancompany．C．WorkingasanemployeeforFerragamo．D．ServingasasalesagentforBurberry．B．Ithasbecomemuchmorecompetitive．C．Ithaslostmanycustomerstoforeigncompetitors．D．Ithasattractedalotofmoredesignersfromabroad．【考点】16：长对话理解．，，14．（10，，StanLee．Withaheavyheart，weshareourdeepestcondolences（哀悼）（1）with hisdaughterandbrother，andwehonorandrememberthecreator，voiceandchampionofMarvel．"StanLeewasasextraordinaryasthecharactershecreated．AsuperheroinhisownrighttoMarvelfansaroundtheworld，Stanhadthepowertoinspire，toentertain，andtoconnect．Nothingbuthisheart（2）could exceedthescaleofhisimagination．"saidBobIger，ChairmanandCEOoftheWaltDisneyCompany．StanLeelovedthe（3）written（write）wordfromanearlyage，andwantedtocraftstorieslikethoseinhisfavoritebooksandfilms，whichheconsumedgreedily．FromasimpleupbringinginManhattan，youngStanleyworkedhiswaythroughaseriesofjobs （4）until hefoundhimselfanassistantatacomicbookpublishingcompany﹣TimelyComics．MarvelfansfoundafriendinStanLee．Heintroducedthefamous"Stan'sSoapbox"tospeakdirectlytohisreaders，（5）reaching（reach）apersonallevelrarelyseenincomicsoftheday．Alwayspushingfornewwaysofcreatingcomics，Stanalsostartedthe"Marvelmethod"ofplottingandart，creatingsomeof（6）themostfantastic（fantastic）2．could．考查情态动词，只有他的心才可以超越想象，因为是过去时，故填could．3．written．考查形容词，形容词修饰名词word，书写的文字，故填written．4．until．考查连词，直到做了漫画书发行公司助理，故填until引导时间状语从句．5．reaching．考查非谓语，he与reach是主动关系，故填现在分词做状语，故填reaching．6．themostfantastic．考查最高级，创造最好的故事，表示最高级，故填themostfantastic．7．who．考查连词，先行词是RoyThomas，在定语从句中做主语，故填关系代词who．8．his．考查代词，在他去世之前，death是名词，故填形容词性物主代词his．9．．10．：15．（10F．Theabilityoftheherdmentality（从众心理）toincreasepeople'schancesoflikingorbelievingsomethingmayhelpexplainawidevarietyofphenomena．Aral （AmanagerialeconomistattheMassachusettsinstituteoftechnology）says，fromhousing（1）G togoldpricesandfrompoliticalpollstorestaurantreviews，the（2）F thatotherpeoplelikesomethinghasapowerfulabilitytomakepeoplelikeitthemselves．Thenewstudy（3）Ihowsimpleitwouldbeforcompaniestocontrolreviewsoftheirproductsbysimplyaddingafewpositive（4）D oftheirownearlyreviewsintheprocess，Araladds．Itfoundthateffectswerestrongestwhenstorieswereaboutpolitics，businessandculturesthanforfunorlifestylepieces．Insituationswheretherearemore（5）C newsreviews，youhavetobealittlemorecautiousaboutinterpretinglikesanddislikes．1．G．句意理解题．根据句意可知，从房地产泡沫到黄金价格，从政治民意调查到餐馆评论．故选G．2．F．句意理解题．根据句意可知，相信别人喜欢的东西，会有强大的能力让人们喜欢它自己．故选F．3．I．句意理解题．根据句意可知，这项新研究表明，企业控制对其产品的评论是多么简单．故选I．4．D．句意理解题．根据句意可知，这项新研究表明简单的将是企业控制的评论他们的产品，只需添加一些自己的积极的评级早期评论．故选D．5．C．句意理解题．根据句意可知，在有更多主观新闻评论的情况下，你必须在表达好恶时更加谨慎．故选C．6．A．句意理解题．根据句意可知，这是你必须有所保留的解释．故选A．7．B．句意理解题．根据句意可知，这是许多在线用户每天都会遇到的情况．故选B．8．K5分）．故选K．9．E E．10．J J．：，16，）D yourbadmemoriessothatyoucanstartalloveragain？Asisknowntoall，memoryisanincrediblycomplex（2）B．Whilescientistsusedtobelieveitwaslikeafilingcabinetandparticularmemorieswerestoredindifferentsectionsofthebra in，wenowknowthisis（3）A．Infact，eachmemoryisabrainwideprocess．Ifyouenduprememberingsomething，it'sbecausethecellsinyourbrainarebeingfired，（4）D newconnectionsandlinksandliterallyrebuildthecircuitryofyourmind．Andthischangeispartially（5）A byproteinsinthebrain．Sowhatiftheproteinsaren'tavailable？Simplyput，memoriescan'tbemade．Seriously，scientistshavetestedthisbygivinganimalsdrugsthatpreventtheseproteinsfromforming．（6）C，theanimalshavenorecollectionofthethingsthattookplaceshortlyafterthedrugwastaken．Fromthisresearch，scientistsactuallyfoundawaytotargetlong﹣termmemoriesfor（7）C．Yousee，everysingletimeyourememberamemory，yourbrainisonceagainfiringandrewiring．，（8）C，，，10）D．﹣12）C，However，，Tobesurethatthedrugwasn'tjustcausinglarge﹣scalebraindamage，scientistsrepeatedtheseexperimentswithvarioustonesthistime．Bothsoundswouldwarnforashockand（14）C theratswouldfearboth．Butiftheyadministeredthedrugandplayedonlyoneofthesounds，themicewouldonlyforgetthatonetone，whilestillremaining（15）D oftheother．Overtimescientistshavediscoveredspecificdrugstotargetparticularproteinsacrossdifferentpartsofthebrain．（1）A．refresh B．forget C．control D．erase（2）A．range B．process C．idea D．structure （3）A．incorrect B．evident C．partial D．complex （4）A．eliminating B．decreasing C．bringing D．building （5）Array（6）（7）（8）（9）（10（11（12（13）A．turnto B．respondto C．adaptto D．returnto （14）A．surprisingly B．especially C．eventually D．similarly （15）A．suspicious B．careful C．painful D．fearful【考点】M6：人生感悟类阅读．【分析】短文主要讲了科学家通过实验找出能让人们忘记回忆的方法，通过服用一些药物能慢慢地忘记一些事情．【解答】1﹣15DBADACCCBDBCBCD1．D．动词的辨析，refresh使恢复，forget忘记，control控制，erase擦除，如果科学家能够清除掉你那些2．据下文的3．A，，故答案为A．4．D5．A6．C7．C．名词的辨析，evaluation评估，estimation估计，deletion删除，production生产，从这个研究中，科学家找到了针对删除长期记忆的方法，故答案为C．8．C．形容词的辨析，terrified害怕的，critical关键的，current现今的，former之前的，每次你的回忆改变了一点，它反映了你的现在想法，故答案为C．9．B．名词的辨析，repetition重复，creation创造，function功能，reproduction再生产，根据下文的imagination可知，此处指的是记忆是创造和想象的一种行为，故答案为B．10．D．形容词的辨析，uncontrolled不能控制的，complicated复杂的，valuable珍贵的，missing缺失的，到2004年的时候，大概有50%的细节人们回忆起来已经变了，或者是记不起来了，故答案为D．11．B．副词的辨析，repeatedly重复地，effectively有效率地，hardly几乎不，consistently一贯地，如果你服用阻止蛋白的药，那么这些回忆就能有效地被移除，故答案为B．12．为C．13．14．15．．SectionB（22分）Directions：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemt herearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.17．（8分）Whowouldwininafight，alionoratiger？Well，ifsizehasanythingtodowiththematter，thetigerwouldwin．That'sbecausetigersarethelargestofallcatspecies．Tigersarenotonlylarge，theyarealsofast．Theycansprintasfastas40milesperhourforshortdistancesandleapasfaras30feethorizontally．Youmightnotthinkthatsuchlarge，fast，andfiercecreaturesneedhelptosurvive，buttheydo．Itisestimatedthatatthestartofthe20thcentury，therewereover100，000tigerslivinginthewild．Bytheturnofthecentury，thenumberoftigersoutsideofcaptivitydwindledtojustover3，000．Interestingly，themostseriousthreatsthattigersfacecomefromamuchsmallerspecies，onewithanaverageweightofaround140lbs．ThatspeciesisHomosapiens，betterknownashumans．Humansthreatentigersinprimarilytwoways：huntinganddestroyinghabitat．，，，，，，，allthewayfromTurkeytotheeasterncoastofRussia．Butoverthepast100years，tigershavelost93%oftheirhistoricrange．InsteadofspanningallthewayacrossAsia，thetigerpopulationisnowisolatedinsmallpocketsinsouthernandsoutheasternAsia．Thisisbecausehumanshavedrastically changedtheenvironments．Humanshavebuilttownsandcities．Roadandtransitsystemswerecreatedtoconnectthesetown sandcities．Tofeedthepeoplelivingintheseareas，forestsandfieldshavebeenclearedtocreatefarmland．Amajorobstacletopreservingtigersistheenormousamountofterritorythateachtigerrequires．Eachwildtigerdemandsbetween200and300squaremiles．Tigersarealsobothterritorialandsolitaryanimals．Thismeansthattheyareprotectiveoftheare asthattheyclaimandtheygenerallydonotsharewithothertigers．Becausetigersneedsomuchterritory，itisreallydifficultforconservationiststoacquireenoughlandtosupportalargepopulationoftigers．（1）WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasoninthearticleexplainingwhytigersarehunted？CA．Becausetigerskinsareworthalotofmoney．B．C．D．（2）A．B．C．D．（3）Whichbestexplainswhytigershavelostsomuchoftheirhabitataccordingtothetext？CA．Becausetigersareunderthreatfromotheranimals．B．Becausetigerskinsareextremelyvaluable．C．Becausetheenvironmenthasbeenchanged．D．Becausetigersneedsomuchspacetosurvive．（4）Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle？D A．Toprovidereaderswithinterestinginformationaboutthelifestylesoftigers．B．Topersuadereaderstohelptheworld'stigerpopulationandtoofferwaystohelp．C．D．【容，…，2．A．词义猜测题．根据文章第三段内容，Thoughthefurwouldbeincentiveenoughformostpoachers，otherpartsofthetigercanalsofetchaprettypenny．虽然皮毛对大多数偷猎者来说足具有吸引力的，但老虎的其他部分也能挣到相当可观的钱．结合选项，故选A．3．C．细节题．根据文章倒数第二段内容，InsteadofspanningallthewayacrossAsia，thetigerpopulationisnowisolatedinsmallpocketsinsouthernandsoutheasternAsia．Thisisbecausehumanshavedrastically changedtheenvironments．现在，老虎的数量已经被隔离在亚洲南部和东南部的小地方，而不是横跨整个亚洲，这是因为人类已经彻底改变了环境．结合选项，故选C．4．D．写作目的题．根据文章内容，作者通过对一些数据和事实的分析告知读者为什么世界上老虎的数量濒临灭绝．主要在于人类对其的猎杀以及对其生存环境的破坏．结合选项，故选D．【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．18．（6series．，2．InsightsfromChina（18minutes）Watch|CommentsNeversaydieBasedinthebusy，cosmopolitancityofShanghai，DanielEmmerson'slatestfilmInsightsfromChinatakesusinsidetheworldsofEnglishlanguagelearningandteachingandtheai rlineindustryinChina．"InsightsfromChina"focuseslargelyonthestaffandmanagementofaChineseairlinecompanythatha srecentlycommittedtolearningEnglish．SpringAirlinesisthefirstlow﹣costairlineinChina．WatchwithSubtitles|WatchwithoutSubtitles|Comments3．StoriesfromMorocco（16minutes）？LikeInsightsfromChina，ThoughtsfromBrazilalsolooksatmoderntrendsinlearningEnglish，especiallyforchildrenandteens．Itwillbeofparticularinteresttoallthosewholongforalearningexperiencethatismoreinterac tiveandcommunicative．Teensandyoungadultswillfindnewideasforcombiningpersonalinterestssuchasmusic，gamingandsocialmediawithself﹣study．AsDanielEmmersontalkstolearnersandteachersofEnglishinSaoPaulo，Brazil，hediscoversthatmanyofthemhavefoundforthemselvestheprincipleoflearningbydoingandhavereadilyadaptedittotheInternetera．WatchwithSubtitles|WatchwithoutSubtitles|Comments（1）Fromthepassagewecanconcludethat"LearningEnglishVideoProject"ismostprobably C．A．anonlinecoursefocusingonlanguageandcultureB．audiodocumentsonlanguagelearningC．D．（2）hemightbeinterestedtowatch B．A．B．C．D．（3）A．B．Homestayarrangementprovidespositiveexperienceforlearners．C．TheInternetandgamesplaysamajorroleinlanguagelearning．D．Theprincipleoflearningbydoingiswidelyacceptedbylearners．【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读．【分析】本文属于广告类阅读，主要向我们介绍了三个学习英语的短视频，它们是学习英语的视频项目，向有不同需求的读者提供了不同的学习视频．【解答】1．C．推理判断题，根据1．EncountersintheUK（17minutes）2．StoriesfromMorocco（16minutes）3．ThoughtsfromBrazil（17minutes）可知学习英语视频节目是一系列短的视频节目，故选C．2．B．细节理解题，根据IntervieweestouchonavarietyoftopicsincludingBritishvs．Americanaccents，multi﹣levelclassrooms，andthesimilaritiesofEnglishtoFrenchandSpanish．可知StoriesfromMorocco中介绍了英国和美国口音和英语，法语和西班牙语的相似性，故选B．3．D．细节理解题，根据AsDanielEmmersontalkstolearnersandteachersofEnglishinSaoPaulo，Brazil，hediscoversthatmanyofthemhavefoundforthemselvestheprincipleoflearningbydoingandhavereadilyadaptedittotheInter netera19．（8，﹣．In﹣riders"，，，，tclimate，produceaverysmallquantityofemissions．Thisismuchlikeanon﹣smokergettingcancerfromsecond﹣handsmoke，whiletheheavysmokerisfortunateenoughtosmokeingoodhealth．TheParisagreementhasbeenwidelyconsideredasapositivestepforwardinaddressingclimatechangeforall，althoughthedetailsonaddressing"climatejustice"canbebestdescribedasincomplete．Thegoalofkeepingglobaltemperaturerise"wellbelow"2℃deservestobepraisedbuttheemissionsreductionpromisessubmittedbycountriesleadinguptotheParistalksareveryunlikelyt odeliveronthis．Morethan﹩100billioninfundinghasbeenputonthetableforsupportingdevelopingnationstoreduceemissions．However，theagreementspecifiesthatthereisnoformaldistinctionbetweendevelopedanddevelopingnationsintheirresponsibilitytocut emissions，effectivelyignoringhistoricalemissions．Thereisalsoverylittledetailonwhowillprovidethefundsor，importantly，whoisresponsiblefortheirprovision．Securingthesefundsandestablishingwhoisresponsibleforraisingthemwillalsobevita lforthefutureofclimate﹣vulnerablecountries．Themostclimate﹣vulnerablecountriesintheworldhavecontributedverylittletocreatingtheglobaldiseasefromwhichtheynowsufferthemost．﹣（1）A．B．C．D．（2）A．B．C．D．（3）A．B．C．Thereisnoclarificationofhowthemoneywillbespent．D．Itwilleffectivelyreducegreenhouseemissionsworldwide．（4）WhaturgentactionmustbetakentorealizetheParisclimateagreement？DA．Encouraginghigh﹣emittingnationstotaketheinitiative．B．Callingonallthenationsconcernedtomakejointefforts．C．Pushingthecurrentworldleaderstocometoaconsensus．D．Puttingineffectthepoliciesintheagreementatonce．【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读．【分析】去年12月达成的巴黎气候协定标志着气候行动的新时代．世界各国第一次同意将全球变暖保持在2℃以下．只有不到4%的国家对世界上一半以上的温室气体排放负有责任．在发表在《自然》杂志上的一份科学报告中，我们揭示了这种不公正的程度．【解答】1．A细节理解题．根据第二段Thisisvitalforclimate﹣vulnerablenations．Fewerthan4%ofcountriesareresponsibleformorethanhalfoftheworld'sgreenhousegasemissions．In astudypublishedinNatureScientificReports，werevealjusthowdeepthisinjusticeruns．只有不到4%的国家对世界上一半以上的温室气体排放负有责任．在发表在《自然》杂志上的一份科学报告中，我们揭示了这种不公正的程2．C Canada，：，3．B，4二段【点评】本文要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，把握文章的真正内涵．要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，合理推断出答案．SectionC（8分）Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.No tethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.20．（8分）A．BiketourismisontheriseintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld，。

2019-2020学年上海市松江区第一中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThis is a list of places to spend the 2020 Olympics if you aren't going to Japan.AustraliaThe fact that the summer Olympics fall during Australia's winter season is worth keeping in mind for two reasons: it makes traveling there cheaper, and it's still not too cold. As far as the Olympics are concerned, there will be no shortage of opportunities to watch the Games in between your various explorations of the country and its limitless activities.ThailandThailand is a breathtaking place 10 spend some time during any summer, and provides a perfect setting for Olympie viewing: You can go scuba diving one morning before watching sports all afternoon, or simply duck out for world-famous street food in between events. But Thai sports fans may also be taking extra interest in the Olympics these days.United StatesThe U.S. is likely to be as interested in the Olympics as any other nation, given is collection of athletes who will be taking center stage. You can rest assured it won't be difficult to watch the Games no matter where you're visiting specifically. This leaves you with all sorts of fun options. You can visit a luxury ski resort town like Aspen, which turns into a gorgeous hiking destination in the summer.Great BritainNot unlike the U, s. Britain will make for a fun place to spend the 2020 Olympics because there's a great deal of national interest in a number of different sports, and the local athletes are expected to be competitive. Summer can also be a good time to be in Britain in general," with ly mild temperatures allowing for full exploration of the country. That means you can stay in the beautiful Lake District if you like, hiking or kayaking when you're not watching the Games.1.What is special about Australia as a destination in an Olympic summer?A.Its season.B.Its activities.C.Its sports.D.Its scenery,2.Which country can you go to if you are a street food lover?A.Australia.B.Thailand.C.United States.D.Great Britain.3.What do the U. S. and Britain have in common as fun places to spend the 2020 Olympics?A.They both have a pleasant temperature.B.They are both interested in the Games.CThey both own lots of sports centers. D.They are both English-speaking countries.BMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.4. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous5. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition6. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.7. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesCEven plant can run a fever，especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．But unlike human，plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up．A decade ago，adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick wayto take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress．The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的）target pesticide（杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field，which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．Evenbetter，Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye．Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops．The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running "fevers"．Farmers could then spot﹣spray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984，after only three years．Farmers resisted thenew technology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find．But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进）in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation．Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works．"This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，" says George Oerther of Texas A& M，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture，thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade．But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．8. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ．A. facing an infrared scannerB. sprayed with pesticidesC. exposed to extreme sun raysD. inpoor physical condition9. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely，we can use infrared scanning to ．A draw a color1﹣coded mapB evaluate the damage to the cropsC. locate the problem areaD. measure the size of the affected area10. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．A. the lack of official supportB. its high costC. the lack of financial supportD. its failure to help increase production11. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ．A. full support from agricultural expertsB. the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureC. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produceD. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on cropsDCigarettes aren’t just harmful when they’re being smoked. Even when cigarette ends go out and are cold, new research has found they continue to give off harmful chemicals in the air. In the first 24 hours alone, scientists say a used cigarette end will produce 14 percent of the nicotine (尼古丁) that an actively burning cigarette would produce.While most of these chemicals are released within a day of being put out,an analysis for the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) found the level of nicotine fell by just 50% five days later.“I was ly surprised,” since environmental engineer Dustin Poppendieck from the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). “The numbers are significant and could have important impacts when cigarette ends are dealt with indoors or in cars. While much attention has been paid to the health influence of first-hand, second-hand and now third-hand smoking, it is not the case when it comes to the actual cigarette end of the matter.”To measure emissions (排放) from this forgotten thing, Poppendieck and his team placed 2,100 cigarettesthat were recently put out inside a special room. Once the ends weresealed away, the team measured eight chemicals commonly produced by cigarettes, four of which the FDA have their eye on for being harmful or potentially so.After setting the room’s temperature, the researchers tested how emissions changed under certain conditions. When the air temperature of the room was higher, for instance, they noticed the ends produced these chemicals at higher rates. This finding might discourage those who want to leave ashtrays (烟灰缸) out for days ata time, especially in the heat.12. What do the researchers say about cigarette ends?A They contain little nicotine.B. They produce no nicotine five days later.C. They give off nicotine for days.D. They create as much nicotine as burning cigarettes.13. What do Poppendieck’s words suggest?A. First-hand smoking does most harm.B. The findings are within his expectation.C. Cigarettes should be dealt with indoors.D. Health influence of cigarette ends is ignored.14. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to not cleaning ashtrays for days?A. Unclear.B. Disapproving.C. Unconcerned.D. Puzzled.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Used Cigarette Ends Release Harmful ChemicalsB. Cigarettes Are More Harmful While Being SmokedC. Research Found Reasons For Cigarette Ends’ HarmD. Cigarette Ends Produce More Chemicals in the Heat第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019年松江区高三英语一模重点词汇总结上海高中教研教学室编写一词多义和一词多性1. reflect v. 反射，考虑反照，映出如：His face was reflected in the mirror. 他的脸映照在镜子里。

如: The windows reflected the bright afternoon sunlight.窗户反射着午后明媚的阳光。

如：Our newspaper aims to reflect the views of the local community .我们的报纸旨在表达当地人民的心声。

如：reflect on sth 认真思考，反思2. scale n. 规模，比例，级别v. 测量，衡量，如：on a large scale 很大规模如：It was impossible to comprehend the full scale of the disaster.这场灾难的深重程度是无法充分认识的如：to evaluate performance on a scale from 1 to 10 按照1到10 来评估业绩如：the social scale 社会等级体系如：the kitchen/ weighing scales 厨房用称如： a scale model 按照比例缩放的模型如：the first woman to scale the world’s five highest peaks 第一位登上世界五大高峰的女性3. craft n. 手艺，飞行器，诡计vt. 手工制作，精巧地制作如：a craft fair 手工艺品交易会如：the writer’s craft 写作技巧如：He knew how to win by craft and diplomacy what he could not gain by force. 他擅长通过计谋和外交手段赢得他用武力无法得到的东西。