考研英语一作文必备句与高级词汇替换

Dear Professor/Sir/Madam/Mr.Wang/Mr。

President/To Whom It May Concern/Notice尊敬的教授/先生/女士/王先生/校长先生/致相关人士/告示I am a senior from the Department of …我是…系的一名大四学生I am writing the letter in purpose of …我写这封信的目的是…I am writing this email to recommend to you my favorite …我写这封邮件是向你推荐我最喜欢的…I am so glad to hear that you have received … from … , Congratulations很高兴得知你收到了…的…,祝贺你I am writing to apologize for …我写信为…道歉Now something must be done to solve the problem现在我必须做一点事情来解决这个问题Please accept my sincere apology for any inconveniences it may cause对于由此可能带来的不便之处，请接受我诚挚的道歉I hope this will settle the matter to your satisfaction我希望这个解决办法能使你满意I have some suggestions for you to consider我有一些建议希望您采纳To crack this hard nut, I would like to propose several practical recommendations as follows为了解决这个难题,我想提出如下几个实用的建议I would greatly appreciate your taking my suggestions into consideration如果您能考虑我的建议，我将非常感谢I would like to discuss this matter in further detail我愿意进一步讨论这个问题I am looking forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience期待您在方便之时尽快给予我圆满的答复Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated十分感谢您对我的询问给予及时的关注My thanks for you to your generous help are beyond words我对您慷慨帮助的感谢难以言表I am severely disappointed to find that the service you have recently provided is far from satisfactory 我非常失望地发现您提供的服务远远不能令人满意I would like to receive some information about …我想了解有关…的一些信息I am very pleased to inform you that …is organizing a … entitled “…”on …（日期）in …(地点）我很高兴地通知您…将于…在…举办一个题为…的…We look forward to seeing you at this conference and to having you as an important part of this event 我们期待着您参与本次会议并成为会议重要的一员Prefer ence will be given to those experienced in … or other similar activities在…或其他类似活动中具有相关经验者优先考虑I just cannot tell you how sorry I was to learn of your …当我得知你…之后非常难过I am extremely honored to accept your invitation to …我非常荣幸地接受您的邀请去…The experience I had here are ones I will not forget for my entire life这将是我一生中很难忘的经历On behalf of … ，I warmly welcome yo u to attend the …我代表…热烈欢迎你们参加…As is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon that …这幅漫画以象征性手法描绘了…In the left—hand cartoon … On the contrary，in the right—hand drawing …在左边的漫画中…相反,在右边的漫画中…Who ever sees this cartoon can’t help laughing无论谁看到这幅漫画都忍不住笑了And below the drawing, there is a caption which says：…在图画下方，有个小标题写着：…Undoubtedly，the drawing symbolically reveal a serious problem in our daily life毫无疑问，这幅图画象征性地显示了我们日常生活中的一个严重问题The pictures subtly reflect the social phenomenon of …这些图片微妙地反映了…的社会现象The exaggerative cartoon subtly reveals the relationship between … and …这幅夸张的漫画微妙地揭示了…和…的关系Simple as it is, what the picture conveys to us is thought—provoking尽管这幅图画很简单,但它传达了发人深思的含义With the development of economy and society，competition becomes increasingly fierce随着经济和社会的发展，竞争日渐激烈The past decade has witnessed a dramatic development of …过去十年见证了…的发展We can not emphasize the importance of … too much我们再怎么强调…的重要性也不为过There is a general assumption that …人们普遍认为…Take an example to illustrate …/T ake us for example举一个例子来论证…/以我们为例Therefore，it is imperative for us to take some measures to enhance the sense of … in our society 因此，我们迫切需要采取措施来提高社会中的…意识On the basis of the analysis above，we may draw a conclusion that …根据以上分析，我们可以得出结论…Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive positive implications from these thought—provoking drawings 总之，我们很有必要从这些发人深省的图画中获取积极的含义It is high time that we placed great emphasis on this phenomenon我们早应该对这个现象给予高度关注了Only in this way can we address the problem of …只有通过这种方式我们才能解决…的问题It is a desirable trait to possess for youngsters这是年轻人值得拥有的一种品质I believe we young people should face the difficulties in a right manner我认为我们年轻人应该以正确的方式面对困难Only by doing so can we help to make the world a better place只有这样我们才能将世界变成一个更美好的地方Most people today are aware of the environmental challenges facing our planet如今大多数人都意识到了我们的地球所面临的环境挑战… ，if used carelessly or without restraint，could prove to be a double—edged sword如果不够小心或没有节制地使用，…就会成为一柄双刃剑Every one of us should live up to the virtues passed down to us by our ancestors我们每个人都应该遵守从祖先那里传承下来的美德We should be sensible enough to absorb its virtues and to resist its dark side我们应该充满理智地取其精华，去其糟粕think———assert——-insist———deem--—argue——-hold the view that———认为many—--numerous-——a host of———a vast number of-——许多some-—-quite a few———several——-a slice of——-有些often———frequently——-经常most—-—the majority of the population———大多数人about—-—regarding—--concerning-—-关于must———it is a must for us to--—必须make-——enable---使能够more and more—--an increasing number of———越来越多very-——extremely—--desperately---pretty---highly—-—greatly———deeply--—非常want--—have a strong desire-—-想要have---possess--—有like-—-be crazy about-——have a passion for—-—喜欢try one's best to—-—spare no efforts to———竭尽全力show—--reveal———demonstrate-——illuminate—-—convey-—-express-——imply-—-显示know—-—realize———identify--—notice—-—recognize-—-understand—--figure out——-意识到get———acquire—-—attain——-obtain---gain—-—获得buy-——purchase——-买improve——-enhance———promote—-—strengthen———提高solve—--address———tackle--—resolve———cope with———解决change--—transform—-—改变lead to---contribute to——-导致stop-—-curb-——hinder--—avoid——-restrain———阻止use—-—take advantage of--—make good use of———利用emphasize———attach great importance to——-重视influence—--impact——-affect——-影响reason---cause———factor—-—原因problem-—-issue—--case——-trouble——-问题method———approach—-—方法thing———affair———business-——matter-——事情side———aspects——-dimension———方面develop-——cultivate-——foster-—-培养suggest-—-advocate———建议complete---fulfill—-—accomplish-——完成job———employment-——occupation—-—工作people———individuals-——characters---folks—-—人们customer——-shopper—-—client---purchaser—-—顾客old people-—-the old-——the aged—--老人young people-—-youths———青少年all kinds of people———people from all walks of life——-各行各业的人important-—-significant—-—essential———imperative-——vital—-—crucial——-重要的different———various——-diverse———a variety of——-不同的good———marvelous———remarkable--—unbelievable-——wonderful-——promising ———perfect-——excellent---outstanding—--meaningful———superb-——好的bad--—harmful——-damaging——-ill——-poor--—unsatisfactory---有害的difficult-—-complicated—--complex-——puzzling———困难的happy———delightful—--pleased—--joyful-——愉快的easy———effortless———simple——-简单的necessary-—-indispensable-—-必需的common———not uncommon——-shared——-everywhere-——universal——-普遍的obvious—-—self-evident———apparent———明显的helpful———favorable--—beneficial——-rewarding---有益的big-—-massive-——enormous—-—vast—-—large-——大的interesting--—amusing——-entertaining—-—有趣的popular———prevailing--—流行的beautiful—-—eye—catching—-—attractive———charming——-handsome--—有吸引力的so———consequently-—-therefore——-thus--—accordingly--—hence———as a result-—-所以because-——due to———owing to-——as-—-since--—因为if-——provided that———假设but——-nevertheless—--yet-—-however———但是then---subsequently——-furthermore-——moreover-——此外or—--if not-——otherwise-——或者lastly-——eventually—-—ultimately—-—as a final point---最后for example———to name only a few———例如in fact———as a matter of fact---essentially-——practically——-事实上。

英语作文中必备的替换精髓词汇1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makespeople feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intenseor severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)65.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive),absorbing(something absorbing canattract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen)92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often)100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)。

英语写作常⽤⾼级替换词、⾼级词组和⾼级句型，⾼分作⽂不再难！50组⾼级替换词★ 形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的:healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊⼈的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活⼒的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流⾏的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive★ 动词：1. 提⾼，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养:develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，⿎励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻:ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten★ 名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. ⼈类：human beings= mankind = human race5. ⽼⼈：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens 6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. ⽼师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能⼒：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩⼦：children = offspring = descendant= kid★ 短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努⼒：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = tap = set about = go in for4. 在当代:in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age5. ⼤量的:a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of★⾼级词汇individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换gooddreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad, 如果bad做表语，可以由be less impressive替换(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：⽤many, if not most ⼀定要⼩⼼，many后⼀定要有词。

考研英语一作文必备句与高级词汇替换考研英语一作文必备句与高级词汇替换一、必备句1、提出自己的观点或建议：In my view, it would be beneficial to...2、强调重要性：The significance of... cannot be overemphasized.3、列出理由：The reasons for this trend are multiple.4、提出反方观点或看法：Some people may argue that...5、回应观点：Indeed, this viewpoint is supported by some studies, but I believe...6、举例说明：Take for example...7、描述现状和问题：Currently, there is a growing concern about...8、提出解决方案：To address this issue, we need to take some measures.9、总结观点：In conclusion, it is important to...二、高级词汇替换1、important -> significant -> crucial -> momentous2、think -> believe -> hold -> maintain -> argue3、very -> extremely -> thoroughly -> deeply4、same -> identical -> similar -> counterparts5、good -> excellent -> outstanding -> top-notch6、bad -> terrible -> awful -> dreadful7、many -> numerous -> abundant -> copious8、better -> superior -> precedence -> dominance9、worse -> inferior -> subordination -> redundancy10、more and more -> increasing/increasingly -> escalating/escalatingly -> swelling/swellingly三、常用短语和句型1、It is well-known that... 众所周知...2、There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问...3、According to the study/research, ... 根据研究，...4、The data/statistics show that... 数据/统计显示...5、In my opinion, the best way to solve the problem is to... 在我看来，解决问题的最好方法是...6、This is why I believe that... 这就是为什么我相信...7、One possible reason for this trend is that... 这种趋势的一个可能原因是...8、Another reason why...is that... 另一个原因是...9、Finally, we need to remember that... 最后，我们需要记住...10、In conclusion, it is essential to... 总之，必须...高考英语作文高级替换词汇高考英语作文：掌握这些高级替换词汇，让大家的文章更出彩在高考英语作文的写作中，词汇的选择和使用是非常重要的。

考研英语作文经典替换词汇1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people, persons2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以用be less impressive替换）Eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 很多大学生平时都沉迷于网络游戏、谈恋爱、宅在宿舍消磨时光，结果一旦临近毕业他们就发现自己的学习成绩太不尽如人意。

4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, many, if not most 替换 many 注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

5. a slice of, quite a few 替换 some6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think(因为是书面语，所以要加that)7 affair, business, matter 替换 thing8. shared 替换 common9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits10. for my part, from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion11. increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more(注意没有growingly这种形式，所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly)Eg. Sth. has gained growing popularity. 某物已经越来越受欢迎。

(一)词语替换常用名词替换表达：person→individualthing→affair;business;matterchoice→optionmeaning→implicationproblem→case;trouble;dilemma;crisis;disasterpicture→cartoon;drawing;illustrationfailure→setbackway→method;approach常用动词替换表达：describe→depict;illustrate;show;record;reflect;revealcause→trigger;give rise to;contribute into;translate into remember→keep in mindget→acquire;obtainsolve→settle;tackle;overcometry→attemptprepare for→pave the way for常用形容词替换：important→vital;critical;significant;be of importance;essential good→positive;favorable;promising;pleasure;excellentbad→harmful;unfavorable;poor;discouragingmany→countless;a great number of;a host ofnecessary→indispensablefamous→di stinguishedenough→abundant;adequatehuge→enormous;massive;vastpossible→be likely to(二)丰富句式1. 添加修饰在名词前面添加形容词Young people should be condemmed.Young peole giving up supporting their parents should be condemned.常用描述图片的形容词：educational;vivid;ironic;2. 句首添加状语Interestingly;unfortunately;obviously;especially;irnoically;not surprisingly;overall;just like;inaddition;besidesObviously，what the picture conveyed should be given further analysis.3. 多用复合句复合句类型比较多，但是在考研中一个主句一个从句这样的句式基本是标配。

考研中写作的紧急替换词一、单词（及在文中上下文）替换及搭配：1、员工（工人）：people、worker、employee、staff2、汽车：motorcar、auto、automobile、3、工资: pay、income、wage、salary、payment、earning、paycheck、have a greener paycheck、4、通过(方式):by、though、via、by means of5、Google：the search giant、the world’s la rgest search engine、the search champion、the defending champion、the California company、the public company上市公司、the NASDAQ-listed company、the blue-chip company蓝筹股、6、President Bush：the US government、the Federal government、the Bush Administration、the Administration7、Beckham: one of the most recognized faces in the global soccer field8、繁荣: boom、prosper、thrive、flourish、9、Recover: revive、pick up、rebound / Recovery =revival10、Recession : slump、slide、slip、downturn、depression、11、fashion(方法)：in a similar fashion、in a similar、in a similar manner12、trend：phenomenon、tendency、tide/irreversible trend、unstoppable trend、reverse the trend13、shift: change sth (fundamentally/dramatically/sharply/substantially)14、spot(v)：see、catch、recognize、catch sight of、pick up. Ex. He has good eye for spotting mistakes.他识别错误的洞察力很强。

1. 表达“喜欢做某事”或“对某事有兴趣”be interested inbe into sth.have/develop (an) interest inbe fond ofbe keen onbe passionate abouthave the passion forbe crazy abouthave a fancy fortake a fancy tohave a taste forhave an appetite forbe fascinated bybe hooked on2. 表达“想要做某事”want to dowould like to dofeel like doinghave a (strong) desire to dodesire to dobe eager to dolong to dobe longing to dobe dying to dohunger to dobe hungry to dobe desperate to dobe thirsty to dohave an itch to do3. 表达“关于”aboutconcerningas foras towith respect toin respect ofwith/in reference to with regard toin terms of4. 表达“因为，由于”thanks toowing tobecause ofdue toas a result ofon account ofin consequence offor this/that reason5. 表达“不得不做某事，只得做某事”have to dohave no choice but to docan do nothing but dohave no option but to dohave no alternative but to docan’t choose but docan’t help but do6. 表达“取代，代替”in place ofinstead ofrather thantake the place oftake one’s placein preference to7. 表达“因此，结果”sothereforethushenceconsequently accordinglyas a resultin consequenceon this/that account 8. 表达“首先”firstfirstlyfirst of allin the first placeto begin withto start with9. 表达“必须”You should do sthYou had better do...You ought to do...You are supposed to do...It’s high time that you did/should do... It would be a good idea for you to do...10. 表达“影响”affecthave effect on sb/sthhave great influence on sb/sth11. 表达“有利于”do good forbenefit sbSb benefit from sthBe beneficial to sb12. 表达“不有利于”Be bad forDo damage to sbDo harm toBe harmful to sbhave terrible influence on sb/sth。

考研中写作的紧急替换词一、单词（及在文中上下文）替换及搭配：1、员工（工人）：people、worker、employee、staff2、汽车：motorcar、auto、automobile、3、工资: pay、income、wage、salary、payment、earning、paycheck、have a greener paycheck、4、通过(方式):by、though、via、by means of5、Google：the search giant、the world’s la rgest search engine、the search champion、the defending champion、the California company、the public company上市公司、the NASDAQ-listed company、the blue-chip company蓝筹股、6、President Bush：the US government、the Federal government、the Bush Administration、the Administration7、Beckham: one of the most recognized faces in the global soccer field8、繁荣: boom、prosper、thrive、flourish、9、Recover: revive、pick up、rebound / Recovery =revival10、Recession : slump、slide、slip、downturn、depression、11、fashion(方法)：in a similar fashion、in a similar、in a similar manner12、trend：phenomenon、tendency、tide/irreversible trend、unstoppable trend、reverse the trend13、shift: change sth (fundamentally/dramatically/sharply/substantially)14、spot(v)：see、catch、recognize、catch sight of、pick up. Ex. He has good eye for spotting mistakes.他识别错误的洞察力很强。

考研英语作文高分牛词替换动词替换：1.Improve 提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变：Transform3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate这两个词用了就牛X了6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect，protect这个词用在保护具体的东西。

7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for（这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个）形容词替换：1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive名词替换：1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human raceHumanityHumankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary societyIn present-day societyIn this day and age（这是最牛的说法）考研政治模板世经：1、（关键词）国际新秩序6句美国3句：美国打着建立新秩序旗号，实际是维护旧秩序；国际旧秩序的实质就是国与国之间地位的不平等，少数资本主义国家剥削、压迫多数发展中国家；所谓美国的领导，就是维护这种不平等。