初中英语语法知识精讲精练动词

动词〔I〕知识归纳讲解及专项训练一、概述动词是表示动作或状态的词。

句子中的谓语成份是由动词充当的，谓语一般是句中不可缺少的成份，因此动词是英语词类中最重要的一种。

动词能够通过本身的转变来表示动作发生的时刻和说话人的语气、态度等。

1．动词的种类动词按其词义和在句中的作用能够分为：行为动词〔或称实义动词〕、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。

详见下表：动词分类特点例词例句行为动词 vt./vi. 表示动作或状态。

有完整的词义。

能独立作谓语。

按其带不带宾语、分为及物动词〔带宾语〕和不及物动词〔不带宾语〕help帮忙〔vt.〕 see看见〔vt.〕 go去〔vi.〕 fly飞〔vi.〕He often helps me. I can see a bird in the tree. Planes can fly.连系动词 link v. 本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，必需和表语一路组成谓语〔名词性合成谓语〕 be 是 look看起来 seem似乎 get变得 become变成，成为 He is an English teacher. They look the same.助动词 v. aux. 本身无词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和实义动词一路组成谓语。

可用来表示否定，疑问、时态、语态、语气等。

be; have; do; will; shall He doesn't speak English. We are playing basketball Do you have a brother?情态动词 mod v. 本身有必然词义，但不完整。

不能独立作谓语，只能和行为动词一路组成谓语，表示说话人的态度 can; many; must; need; dare; will; would; shall; should She can speak a little English. May I come in? We must go now.注意：1〕行为动词又可分为及物动词〔vt.〕和不及物动词〔vi.〕两种。

动词一.动词和动词短语二动词时态三动词语态四非谓语动词一．动词和动词短语（一）动词分类动词是表示动作或状态的词，按其词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词。

1．行为动词行为动词又称实义动词，可分为及物动词(vt)和不及物动词(vi)，及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，后跟宾语；不及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，但后面不能直接跟宾语，如要带宾语则与介词或副词构成短语。

如：More and more peThe students are listening to the teacher carefully.(vi)**常见的可带双宾的动词：“七给”（give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand）“一带”（bring），当直接宾语前置时，必须在后面加to。

如：My father gives me a book. = My father gives a book to me.**buy, draw, make 三个动词接双宾时，如前所说，后面加for。

如：My parents bought me a nice backpack. =My parents bought a nice backpack for me.**不及物动词指不能直接接宾语的动词。

自身意思完整，无需接宾语。

大多数即可为及物也可不及物。

Boys fly kites. Birds can fly.**除此之外，实义动词还有延续性和非延续性之分。

1）延续性动词是表示动作可以延续，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。

如：live，stay, study, work, keep, teach, sleep, stand, walk, wait, read, watch等。

You can keep this book for two weeks.2)非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，表示一经发生立即结束的动作。

中考英语语法专项复习动词的分类及动词短语【中考解读】【考点分布】1.实义动词2.连系动词3.助动词4.情态动词【考点内容】掌握实义动词中及物动词和不及物动词的语法作用和延续性动词的用法，牢记连系动词和助动词基本用法及情态动词的辨析与运用。

【命题趋势】1.考察在特殊语境中动词、连系动词、助动词及情态动词的运用2.实义动词的词义辨析【动词定义】：表示动作和状态的词【动词分类】：动词按照其词义和在句中的作用可分为：实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词一、系动词系动词有一定的词义，不但不完整，不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。

具体分类见下表She is a friendly girl and always gets on well with others.她很友好，总是能和别人友好相处。

She becomes more beautiful than three years ago.她比三年前漂亮多了。

The window remained open all the night.这扇窗子整夜开着。

The food in that restaurant looks delicious, but it tastes bad.那家餐馆的食物看起来不错，但尝起来难吃。

【注意】：（1）一般情况下，系动词没有被动语态形式。

（2）表示状态的系动词一般不用于进行时（feel除外）；变化系动词表示“渐渐……”，可用于进行时。

It’s getting warmer and warmer.天气渐渐变得暖和。

[同步练习]①—The oranges ____________sweet.—Of course. They are from Yongxing, Chenzhou.taste B. eat C. drink②—Why do you ______ so upset?—Because I didn’t get the first place in the English competition.look B.sound C.smell D. feelKey:A,A二、助动词助动词：本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、语气、人称和数，构成否定、疑问、强调、省略等。

初中英语语法：动词时态解说及练习动词时态专讲一、概的来是中考中考的重之一。

要点放在依据特定言境区使用一般在，一般去和在达成；一般在 ( 去 ) 与在 ( 去 ) 行；特定的状中的使用；合所得的言知确立正确的能力等。

上所述，的在中考中的地位特别重要。

因此考生在复考取必本惹起足的重。

二、各样的组成时态构成时态构成do / does did一般此刻时am / is / are 一般过去时was / were此刻进行时am / is / are + doing过去进行时was / were + doing此刻达成时have / has + done过去达成时had + doneshall / will + dowould + do 一般未来时am / is / are going + to过去未来时was / were going + to dodo三、各样的用法◆◆一般在1.表示常性或性的作，常与表示度的状用。

状：every day ， every other day，sometimes，often， usually，on Sunday⋯I leave home for school at 7 _________________ (每日清晨).The Olympic Games are held ____________________ (每四年).What do you ____________ (往常 ) do when you are free on Sunday2.用在客真谛，客存在，科学事或格言警语中。

The earth _________________ (着⋯⋯) the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海 __________中国的方。

Pride goes before a fall.者必。

注意：此种用法假如出在从句中，即便主句是去，从句也要用一般在。

中考英语动词专项复习【考点清单】一、常见系动词.........1.用来表示主语状态的系动词只有 be(am、is、are、was、were);延续系动词表示主语继续保持一种状态或态度,主要有keep、 remain stay stand等;表象系动词表示“看起来像”，主要有seem、appear、look等;感官系动词表示人的感觉，主要有feel、smell sound、taste 等;变化系动词表示主语变成什么样子,主要有 become、go、grow、turn、 get 等。

二、易混(短语)动词辨析………………2.arrive, get, reach这三个词都表示“到达”。

arrive 和 get 都是不及物动词，后边可直接接表示地点的副词,但接表示地点的名词时 arrive 后搭配介词in/at，get 后搭配介词to;arrive in 后面跟大地点，arrive at后面跟小地点。

reach是及物动词,后面直接跟地点名词作宾语。

3.borrow, lend, keepborrow 和lend均为非延续性动词,表示“借入”用 borrow,常用短语 borrow sth.from sB.;表示“借出”用lend,常用短语 lend sth.to sB.;keep“保存;借”,为延续性动词，可与时间段连用。

(类似的表达同一意义，但是否能与时间段连用的成对动词还有 have/buy、be dead/die 等)4.take, spend, cost, paytake通常表示“花时间”,不以人作主语，多用it takes/took/will take sB.some time to do sth.结构;spend 可表示“花费时间或金钱”,以人作主语，多用spenD...on sth.或spenD...(in) doing sth.;cost 通常表示“花钱”，不以人作主语，多用sth.cost sB.some money;pay表示“付款”，以人作主语,多用 pay some money for sth.5.look 短语动词look after 照顾look for 寻找look up 查阅look out 当心6.get 短语动词get off 下车get on 上车get along/on(with)(和……)相处;(某事)进展get over 克服get up 起床7.put 短语动词put up 建造;张贴 put down放下;写下put on穿上;增加(体重)put off 推迟put out 扑灭put away 放好,收好8.take短语动词take off 脱掉;起飞take place 发生take out 借;取take over 接管9.其他常用(短语)动词break out 爆发laugh at 嘲笑pay attention to 注意 take part in 参加turn on 启动;打开turn off 关闭turn调大turn down调低;拒绝还有一些(短语)动词需要我们在日常的学习中加强记忆,这里不再一一列举。

第六章动词一、动词概述1、动词的定义：表示动作和状态的词叫作动词。

2、动词的种类：(1)实义动词：表示行为、动作或状态的词。

实义动词词义完整，能独立作谓语，亦称为行为动词。

(2)系动词: 亦称连系动词，是用来帮助说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的动词，系动词本身有词义，但不能独立用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

(3)情态动词: 情态动词用在实义动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。

情态动词本身有一定词义，但是不能独立作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。

(4)助动词: 表示不同的时态、语态以及句子的否定和疑问。

助动词本身无词义，不可独立作谓语，只能协助主要动词构成谓语。

二、动词考点纵览三、综合练习1、系动词和助动词的用法( ) 1. The fish very delicious.A. smellsB. tastesC. looksD. sounds ( ) 2. What Mrs. White said sounds____.A. friendlyB. wonderfullyC. pleasantlyD. nicely ( ) 3. The poor girl ____ blind at the age of four.A. turnedB. goesC. becameD. went ( ) 4. When she was a child she____ .A. grew patienceB. was aliveC. ran wildD. came true ( ) 5. Her voice____ as if she has a cold.A. soundsB. listensC. hearsD. seems ( ) 6. This skirt___ as if it is made of cotton.A. isB. looksC. feelsD. seems ( ) 7. She looks ___ she hadn’t had a good meal for a week.A. thatB. as ifC. whenD. so far精品文档( ) 8. It ____that he was late for the bus.A. looksB. turnsC. getsD. seems( ) 9. These oranges taste_____.A. to be goodB. to be wellC. wellD. good( ) 10. ---Do you like the skirt?---Yes, it ____ very soft.A. feelsB. feltC. is feelingD. is felt( ) 11. The moment Mr. Green went to bed, he____ asleep.A. keptB. gotC. fellD. fall( ) 12. When I went home yesterday, it was ____ dark.A. goingB. gettingC. runningD. coming( ) 13. His plan ____ to be a perfect one.A. provedB. was provedC. is provingD. proving( ) 14. The flowers in the garden ____ sweet.A. soundB. tasteC. becomeD. smell( ) 15. He____ like his father in character.A. looksB. seemsC. isD. feels( ) 16. It____ another fine day tomorrow.A. seemsB. promisesC. appearsD. looks( ) 17. She ____ much younger than she really is.A. appearsB. growsC. becomesD. turns( ) 18. You____ very pale. Do you feel sick?A. lookedB. lookC. lookingD. are looked( ) 19. His wish to become a policeman has ____true.A. turnedB. realizedC. comeD. grown( ) 20. Her father ____a pilot.A. turnedB. grewC. has turnedD. has become( ) 21. Penny and I _______in Canada now.A. livesB. livingC. are livingD. lived( ) 22. Su Hai is _____to Canada.A. comeB. comingC. comesD. came( ) 23. Did you ______a good trip?A. haveB. hasC. hadD. having( ) 24. I’ll _____you the rooms in my house.A. showingB. to showC. showD. shows( ) 25.You can ______your hands in the bathroom.A. washesB. washedC. washD. washing2、情态动词的用法( ) 1. John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.A.mayB. canC. has toD. must( ) 2. They ___ do well in the exam.A. can be able toB. be able toC. can able toD. are able to( ) 3. ---May I take this book out?A. can’tB. may notC. needn’tD. aren’t( ) 4. You___ go and see a doctor at once because you’ve got a fever.A. canB. mustC. dareD. would( ) 5. ---Can you speak Japanese?---No, I____.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. needn’tD. may not( ) 6. ---He___ be in the classroom, I think.---No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.A. can; may notB. must; may notC. may; can’tD. may; mustn’t( ) 7. ---Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?---Thanks, but you___, I’ve had enough.A. may notB. must notC. can’tD. needn’t( ) 8. Even the top students in our class can’t work out this problem, so it be very difficult.A. mayB. mustC. canD. need( ) 9. He isn’t at school. I think he ___ be ill.A. canB. shallC. mustD. has to( ) 10. ___ I take this one?A. MayB. WillC. AreD. Do( ) 11. The children___ play football on the road.A. can’tB. canC. mustn’tD. must( ) 12. You ___ be late for school again next time.A. mustn’tB. needn’tC. don’t have toD. don’t need to( ) 13. ---Must I do my homework at once?---No, you___.A. needn’tB. mustn’tC. can’tD. may not( ) 14. His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.A. has not toB. don’t have toC. haven’t toD. doesn’t h ave to( ) 15. He had to give up the plan, ___ he?A. didB. didn’tC. doesD. doesn’t( ) 16. They had to walk here, ___ they?A. mustn’tB. didC. didn’tD. hadn’t( ) 17. He had better stay here, ___ he?A. didn’tB. don’tC. hadn’tD. isn’t( ) 18. You’d better___late next time.A. not to beB. not beC. won’t beD. don’t be( ) 19. You’d better ___ your hair ___ once a month.A. had; cutB. had; cuttedC. have; cutD. have; cutted( ) 20. You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.A. had better not toB. had not betterC. had betterD. had better not( ) 21. ---Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?--- .A. Here you areB. Sorry, I can’tC. Yes, pleaseD. Let me try( ) 22. ---Why don’t you ask Mike to go with us?A. I willB. I won’tC. I canD. I may( ) 23. ---___ I take the newspaper away?---No, you mustn’t. You____read it only here.A. Must; canB. May; canC. Need; mustD. Must; must( ) 24. Excuse me,___ you please pass me that cup?A. doB. shouldC. wouldD. must( ) 25. ___ you like to have another try?A. CouldB. WillC. WouldD. Do( ) 26. ---Would you like to go boating with us?---Yes, ___.A. I’d likeB. I wantC. I’d like toD. I do( ) 27. You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon.A. needn’tB. can’tC. mustn’tD. have to( ) 28. The poor man needs our help, ___ he?A. needB. do esn’tC. doesD. needn’t( ) 29. ---Must we do our homework now?---No, you___. You may have a rest first.A. mustn’tB. needn’tC. may notD. can’t( ) 30. Can you speak Japanese? No, I_____A. mustn’tB. can’tC. nee dn’tD. may not3、动词不定式、动名词和分词的用法( ) 1. Where is my passport? I remember______it here.You did not left it here. Remember_____it with you all the time.A. to put; to takeB. putting; to takeC. to put; takingD. putting; taking( ) 2. The tourists enjoy________ on the beach.A. lieB. liesC. lyingD. lay( ) 3. Would you like _________to the theatre with me?A. to goB. goingC. goD. be going( ) 4. They find it _________with animals.A. interesting to playB. interested to playC. interesting playingD. interested playing( ) 5. Would you mind_____quiet for a moment? I’m trying_____a form.A. keeping; to fill outB. keeping; fill outC. to keep; to fill outD. to keep; fill out( ) 6. Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble________your handwriting.A. to readB. to seeC. readingD. in seeing( ) 7. The thief took away the woman’s wallet without____ anything.A. sayingB. sayC. saidD. to say( ) 8. Please stop ____, boys, I have something important to ____ you.A. saying; talkB. telling; sayC. talking; speakD. talking; tell( ) 9. What about ____ double quantities of everything today? We have hardly time to go____ next week.A. buying; to shopB. buy; shoppingC. buying; shoppingD. to buy; shopping( ) 10. After ____ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A. being appliedB. appliedC. applyingD. apply( ) 11. ---Why were you so late for work today?---____ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.A. DrivingB. DrivesC. DriveD. Drove( ) 12. How can you keep the machine ____when you are away?A. runB. to runC. runningD. being run( ) 13. It was impolite of him ____without ____goodbye.A. to leave; sayingB. leaving; to sayC. to leave; to sayD. leaving; saying( ) 14. ---Why was Fred so sad?---He isn’t used ____ alone.A. beB. to beC. to beingD. having been( ) 15. After finishing his homework he went on______a letter to his parents.A. writeB. writingC. to writeD. wrote参考答案1、系动词和助动词的用法1. B2. A3. D4. C5. A6. C7. B8. D9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C2、情态动词的用法1. A2. D3. A4. B5. B6. C7. D8. B9. C 10. A 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. B22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. B3、动词不定式、动名词和分词的用法1. B2. C3. A4. A5. A6. C7. A8. D9. C 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. C文档说明(Word文档可以删除编辑)专注于精品文档：中考、高考、数学语文英语试卷、高中复习题目、小学试卷教案合同协议施工组织设计、期中、期末等测试，本文档目的是为了节省读者的工作时间，提高读者的工作效率，读者可以放心下载文档进行编辑使用.文档来源网络改编，审核有可能疏忽，如果有错误或侵权，请联系本店马上删除。

动词讲解与练习一、动词分类1.行为动词（实义动词）。

实义动词可分为及物动词（一般情况下，其后要跟宾语，意义才完整）和不及物动词（之后不能也不需要跟宾语），许多动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。

如：We study English.(及物) We study hard.（不及物）2.连系动词。

连系动词和表语一起连用，充当谓语。

常用的连系动词是be（是），look（显得），feel（感到），turn（变成），get（变得），become（成为）。

3.助动词。

助动词本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示否定，疑问，简略答语等。

如：Do you like oranges ?Yes, I do. I don’t know him . Will you go to the zoo?4.情态动词。

本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态，情态动词没有人称和数的变化，常见的情态动词有：can（could）,may（might）, must, need 等。

二、动词时态在英语中，同样一个动作，由于发生的时间不一样，所表示的形式就不一样，这就叫时态。

1、一般现在时用法：(1)表示经常发生，反复进行的动作，常用的时间状语有：often，usually，always，everyday，sometimes 等。

We have breakfast every day . (2)表示客观真理。

如：The earth turns around the sun .(3)表示特征，状态和能力。

如：It’s big .(4)在时间状语和条件状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。

如:I will be a teacher when I grow up . They will stay at home if it rains .构成：(1).主语不是第三人称单数时，动词用原型。

编辑：潘玉银-s形式(be为am，is，are)二、概念及用法1。

Jim gets up at six every day.2.。

3.Light travels faster than sound.4。

用一般现在是表示将来的两种情况:(1。

Don’t worry.（If it doesn’t rain tomorrow，we will go to the park。

Please call me as soon as she comes back。

提示：与一般现在时连用的时间状语有：always，usually，often，sometimes, never, every day，twice a week 等。

am（is，are）+ 动词—ing二、概念及用法1。

I'm looking for my key now。

2。

I’m coming.3.He is always thinking of others first.My father is always losing his car keys。

提示：与现在进行时连用的时间状语有：now, at the moment, at present, right now等.-ed//不规则动词过去式二、概念及用法1. 过去发生的动作或存在的状态（与现在无关)。

He went to Beijing last year.He told me that he played football well。

提示：与一般过去时连用的时间状语有:yesterday, the day before yesterday，the next day，two days later，last year，in the 1980s等.will/shall + 动词原形,be going to /be about to /be to + 动词原形二、概念及用法1. will + 动词原形，第一人称用“shall/will + 动词原形”。