2017年成考专升本《英语》动词不定式归纳

非谓语动词知识点汇总（专升本英语）一. 常接to do的搭配（1）动词+to do：decide/determine, learn, want, expect/ hope;refuse, manage, wish, pretend; offer, promise, choose, plan;agree, ask/ beg, help等记忆口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装；主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。

（2）动词+sb./sth. +to do：如：want, get, wish, expect, ask, tell, order, command, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, drive, forbid, encourage, call on, wait for, invite, teach, remind, request, prefer, train, warn等注：特殊动词常跟不带to的不定式作宾补，但变为被动语态后，不定式的to不能省略。

这类特殊动词有：记忆口诀：五看三使役：see/look/watch/notice/observe, make/let/have 二听一感半帮助：hear/listen to, feel, (to) help主动to字要离去，被动to字要回府。

（3）It形式主语① It + be + 形容词+ for/of ... + to do It be +difficult/easy/important/impossible/necessary（修饰事情）... for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是……的It be + careless/clever/foolish/silly/stupid/kind/brave（修饰人）... of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是……的It is important for me to learn a foreign language.It is kind of you to help me.② It + be +名词词组+ to do常用名词词组：a pity, a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour, a questionIt’s a pity to leave s o early.③ It + takes (sb.)+时间（金钱）+ to do It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot. 步行将花费一整天时间到达山顶。

不定式知识点归纳总结一、不定式的构成不定式是动词的一种形式，由“to + 动词原形”构成。

例如：to be, to do, to go等。

二、不定式的用法1. 作主语例句：To study hard is important for students.翻译：努力学习对学生来说是很重要的。

2. 作宾语例句：I want to learn English.翻译：我想学英语。

3. 作宾语补足语例句：She asked me to help her.翻译：她要求我帮助她。

4. 作表语例句：Her dream is to become a doctor.翻译：她的梦想是成为一名医生。

5. 作定语例句：There is a lot of work to do.翻译：有很多工作要做。

6. 作状语例句：He came here to see you.翻译：他来这里是为了见你。

7. 用在and, but, or连接两个不定式例句：I want to learn English and to improve my speaking skills.翻译：我想学英语，还想提高口语能力。

8. 与形容词和副词连用例句：I'm happy to meet you.翻译：见到你我很高兴。

9. 用在名词前表示目的，结果等例句：He gave us some advice to help us study better. 翻译：他给了我们一些建议，帮助我们更好地学习。

三、不定式的特殊用法1. with + 宾语 + 不定式例句：He left me with nothing to say.翻译：他让我无话可说。

2. for + 宾语 + to 不定式例句：We have a lot of work for you to do.翻译：我们有很多工作需要你做。

3. 不定式的被动形式例句：The book is difficult to finish.翻译：这本书难以完成。

优选文档一、非谓语动词非谓语动词是动词的几种特别形式，它不能够单独做谓语。

非谓语动词的形式有：动词不定式（to do ）、动名词（ doing）、现代分词（ doing）、过去分词（ done）。

（一）动词不定式1、结构：必然形式to do 否定形式not to do 比方： to read the text slowly2、主要语法功能：（ 1）做主语To know what to do is wisdom. To know how to do is skillIt is difficult to know oneself(2)做表语The first and best victory is to conquer self.(3)做宾语We hope to talk with the native speakers.有些及物动词常用不定式做宾语：afford/agree /arrange/begin/care/choose/claim/continue/decide/desire/determine/fail/forget/hate/hesitate/hope/intend/learn/like/long/manage/mean/offer/plan/prepare/pretend/promise/refuse/resolve/start/threaten/try/want(4)做定语： she was the only one to look after the children(5)做状语： we shall be very happy to cooperate with you in the project.(6)做宾语补足语： Please remind me to take my medicine tomorrow.有些及物动词的复合宾语中的宾语补足语中不定式不带to : 使役动词have let make please ; 感官动词 feel hear listen to look at notice observe see watch（7）做主语补足语： someone was heard to come up the stairs.3、不定式的时态（1）一般式：表示与谓语动词的动作是同时发生或是在以后发生。

动词不定式要点总结动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

一、常接不定式作宾语的动词有want，love，learn，agree，decide，hope，refuse 等。

例如：I'm learning to skate on real ice. 我正在真正的冰上学滑冰。

[特殊提醒]不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，通常用 it 作形式宾语，而把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后。

例如：He found it very difficult to get to sleep.他发现入睡很艰难。

二、动词不定式常用作目的状语。

例如：He came to give us a talk yesterday. 他昨天来给我们作了个报告。

Mrs Brown went to see her doctor. 布朗夫人去看她的医生了。

三、 tell，ask，want，order，get，wish，warn，teach，invite 等动词后常跟不定式作宾语的补足语，构成 tell/ ask……sb to do sth (“告诉/请……某人做某事”)结构。

例如：Could you ask him to call me，please？请你让他给我打个电话，好吗？[特殊提醒]使役动词 let，make，have 等，感官动词 see，hear，feel，watch，notice，look at，listen to 等，后常跟不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。

例如：A woman saw it happen when she was walking past一.位妇女路过时看到(它掉下) 了。

We often heard her sing in the next room. 我们时常听到她在隔壁唱歌。

注意：在被动语态句子中，不定式前必须加 to.例如：He was made to do it. 他被迫做这件事。

动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式(to do)是英语课的一个重点，也是很多考试中要考查的一个项目。

你知道动词不定式的用法有哪些吗？接下来，小编给大家准备了动词不定式的用法总结,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。

●动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式，很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，掌握起来有困难。

下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆：一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化。

二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。

动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。

三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能，可在句中用做多种句子成分。

1、主语：常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主语。

例：To go in for sports helps youstay fit.(book4，L28)It helps you stay fit to go in for sports. It is dangerous to swim in the deep sea on your own.注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，逻辑主语由of引出时，表语的形容词为kind，nice，good，polite，clever，foolish，right，wrong等表示评价的形容词。

例：It's right of him to refuse the invitation1.(him为逻辑主语)2、表语：Our duty is to protect the enviroment.3、动词宾语：此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。

例：would you like to see my photos?Kevin planned to visit his uncle.(book4，L11)和plan用法一样的词还有：start，want，agree，hope，begin，decide等。

一、作主语I decided to ask for my money back.I decided that I would ask for my money back.When our visit to the farm was over,we expected to startback on foot. When our visit to the farm was over,we expected that wewould start back on foot.②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。

如：We think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well. He feels it his duty to help the poor.③介词but,except,besides+to do(do)在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to，带to不带do。

如：The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TVIt is+adj.+to do sth句型It is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour.④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to doIt is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays.⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to doIt seemed impossible to save money.决心decide determi n学会lear n想wan t希望expect wish hope,拒绝refus e 设法manage strive愿care假装pretend,主动ofer答应promise选choose计划plan,同意agree请求ask beg帮一帮help.为方便记忆大家把汉字连成句.另外再加上afford to do sth承担的起3.在一些动词之后，可以在连接代词（what/who/which)或者连接副词（how/when/where)以及whether后面接一个带to的动词不定式。

2017年湖北普通专升本实用英语语法笔记（七）Chapter 7. 动词不定式一、概念：动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。

这里的to是不定式标志,没有词义。

不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能,又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。

1、有些动词可以用不定式作宾语,大致上有三种情况。

车。

He offered to help me. 他表示愿意帮助我。

2)有些动词除了可以用不定式作宾语,还用不定式作补语,即有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。

例mind which to buy.2、不定式作补语men to fire.注：有些动词如make,have,get,want等可用不定式作做宾补,也可用分词作宾补。

现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。

2)有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构,不定式的动词往往是be,不定式一般可以省去。

例如：consider、find、believe、think、declare(声称)、appoint、guess、fancy(设想)、guess、judge、imagine、know。

例如：Charles Babbage is generally considered to have inventedthe first computer.3)有些动词可以跟there +to be的结构。

例如：believe、expect、intend、like、love、mean、prefer、want、wish、understand。

例如：We didn't expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。

3、不定式作主语不定式作主语,往往用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。

例如：It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。

语法一：时态和语态一）时态1，12种常见时态的基本用法，各种时态的基本表达方式以及时间顺序。

一般现在时：表示现状，性质，特点或者客观真理。

常与always，often，usually 等词连用现在进行时：表示正在发生的动作。

常与continually，constantly，all the time 等词连用现在完成时：表示已经完成或存在的状态。

常与since，for，yet，already等词连用现在完成进行时：表示动作持续到现在可能刚刚中止，也可能继续进行一般过去式：表示过去某一时刻发生的动作。

常与ago，yeaterday，when...等词连用过去进行时：表示过去某一时间段持续进行的动作。

常用词语现在进行时一样过去完成时：过去的过去，必须在过去的界定条件下才可以使用。

常用 by +过去的时间/ 一般过去式的句子过去完成进行时：动作持续到过去的一个时间可能刚刚中止，也可能继续进行一般将来时：将来的动作，主语will，shall，be going to ，be to 和be about to的区别将来进行时：将来的时间里可能持续发生的动作过去将来时：表示从过去某时间看将来要发生的事情将来完成时：动作要到将来某一时间完成。

常用 by + 将来的时间/ 一般现在时的句子2，make sure/certain，in case等词后面的从句常用现在时表示将来时3，主句是现在时态或将来时态，从句可以为任何时态。

主句为过去的时态，从句必须是过去的时态。

二）被动语态1，不能用被动语态的情况：A:不及物动词 B: 表示状态而不是动作的词，如cost，fit， lack ，want，wish suit等2，感官动词（hear，feel，listen to ，see，watch，notice等），使役动词：have，make，help，let等。

被动时，需要将to补上。

3，被动语态一般都与其他考点综合考察，当看到选项有被动选项时，首先应该考虑是否具有被动关系。

动词不定式用法归纳动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。

但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。

另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。

动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。

1．作主语可以直接作主语。

如： To see is to believe．但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。

如：It's wrong to play tricks on other people．It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．（Lesson 10）．点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。

2．作宾语a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。

attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange 安排 mean意欲，打算 begin开始 expect期望 appear似乎，显得 determine决定manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿 care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉，遗憾choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许 start开始 undertake承接 want想要 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 contrive设法，图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找，寻觅 try试图b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。

成人高考英语高起点不定式知识点2017成人高考英语高起点不定式知识点参加成人高考首先要掌握一定的知识点，这样才能够考好英语成考。

那么关于成人高考英语高起点不定式知识点有哪些呢?下面店铺为大家整理的成人高考英语高起点不定式知识点，希望大家喜欢。

成人高考英语高起点不定式知识点1、中文：为了准时，我们加快了步伐。

(误)So as to be in time we hurried.(正)In order to be in time we hurried.(so as to只可放在句中，in order to可放在句首或句中。

)2、中文：你说这些话真傻。

(误)It's very foolish for you to say so.(正)It's very foolish of you to say so.(表示评价的形容词被带逻辑主语的不定式修饰时，介词要用of.)3、中文：你没有告诉他们永远不要做那件事吗?(误)Didn't you ask them to never do that?(正)Didn't you ask them never to do that?(never要放在to之前。

)4、中文：你没有告诉他们永远不要做那件事吗?(误)Here is a new book for you to read it.(正)Here is a new book for you to read.(作形容词用法的带逻辑主语的不定式for you to read的宾语，实际上就是它所修饰的new book，其后不可再加宾语。

)5、中文：他够年龄，可以上学了。

(误)He is old enough so that he can go to school.(正)He is old enough to go to school.(形容词+enough+不定式表示足够…而可。

)6、中文：他太好了，寄给我许多书。

动词不定式的语法总结动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，是英语中常见的一种语法，学生一定要做好总结，拿下这个知识点。

小编为大家力荐了动词不定式常用的语法总结，给大家作为参考，欢迎阅读!动词不定式的七种用法动词不定式的基本形式为to+动词原形.1.动词不定式做主语.谓语用第三人称单数形式.如果主语较长则用it做形式主语,将真正的主语动词不定式放到句尾.egTo see is to believe.It's a bad habit to run after dinner.2 做表语.the important things is to save lives.3 做宾语he likes to play with children.4做宾语补足语.形容词做宾补时.常用it做形式宾语.把真正的宾语放到宾补之后.he feels it happy to help others.5做定语she asked me to help her with her English.6做状语you are never too old to learn.(结果状语)7特殊疑问词+动词不定式.I am thinking about what to say.动词的不定式的用法口诀①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。

②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。

③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。

④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。

⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。

⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。

动词不定式专题练习1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.A. producingB. to produceC. having producedD. produced2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music .A .making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D .to make herself heard4. I don’t know whether you happen_______ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the film stars had left.A .to tellB .to be toldC .tellingD .told6. You were silly not _______your car.A. to lockB. to have lockedC. lockingD. having locked7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued9. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.A. to shareB. to have sharedC. shareD. sharing10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.A. robbedB. to have been robbedC. being robbedD. having been robbed11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________ina fire.A. being destroyedB. having been destroyedC. to be destroyedD. to have been destroyed12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take placeB. to be taken placeC. to have taken placeD. being taken place13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.A. wait, to comeB. wait; comeC. waiting; comingD. waited; came17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.A. to solveB. solvingC. being solvedD. to be solving18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. having made19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.A. hearing, saying, to repairB. to hear, say, to repairC. hearing, say, repairingD. to hear, saying, to be repaired20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.--- I meant _________, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.。

动词不定式的归纳总结动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成的，否定形式为“not to+动词原形”构成的，这里的to没有词义，只是为了构成不定式的一种符号，是非谓语动词形式的一种，动词不定式在句中不能独立作谓语，除了不能作谓语以外，其他成分都可以作，因此，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语。

❶ 动词不定式做主语：这种情况一般要改成it作形式主语的形式，后接不定式，为了避免头重脚轻。

●“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是…的”中句中的形容词多为描述性的词语，不对人或物的品格进行评价，如difficult, easy, hard, inportant, dangerous, inpossible等。

eg To learn English is very important for me 对我来说学英语很重要。

=It is very important for me to learn English.For you to make more friends is a good plan. 广交朋友是个好办法。

= It's a good plan for you to make more friends.●“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”意为"做某事对某人来说是…的”。

其中句中的形容词用于描述人的性格、品质, 如：kind, good, nice, right, wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish 等。

eg It was stupid of him to press the emergency button. 他按了紧急按钮，这真愚蠢。

❷ 本单元我们主要学习动词不定式作宾语的用法：现就动词不定式作宾语的用法介绍如下：●谓语动词＋动词不定式，此类动词很多，常见的有：want, like, wish, hate, prefer, hope, continue, manage, try, ask, offer（主动提出）, start, forget, promise, mean, pretend（假装）, intend（打算）, begin, attempt（试图）, decide, learn, desire （渴望）, agree, care, choose, determine（查明）, undertake（承担，承诺）,expect 等eg Some students hate to study English. 有些学生不喜欢研读英语。

动词不定式要点归纳一、不定式作主语1. 单个不定式以及两个或两个以上疑问词+不定式作主语，谓语动词都用单数。

When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.2. 不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，而将不定式后置。

Is it necessary to complete the design before National Day?3. 不定式的复合结构用for/of sb. to do sth. 表示。

这一句型中的介词用for 还是of ，取决于前面的形容词。

如形容词是表示容观情况的easy , difficult , hard , important , necessary 等时用for ；如形容词是表示人的特征、状态、或性质的foolish , silly ,stupid, clever , wise , kind , nice , lazy , polite ,impolite, careless , honest, brave, proud 等时用of 。

如：It is important for us to learn a foreign language.It was foolish of you to give up what you rightly owned.二、不定式作宾语1. agree, ask, beg, choose, decide, expect, fail, force, hope, learn, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish, would like, should love 等动词（短语）后只能跟不定式作宾语。

We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.2. 以下动词（短语）既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同。

成考专升本《英语》动词不定式归纳（2）2017年成考专升本《英语》动词不定式归纳四、不定式作状语注意作状语的'动词不定式要与其逻辑主语在意义上和数上的一致。

1、表示目的22) its plans to promote disarmaments,the party has decided to establish a campaign headquarters with Benjamin Seaman as its leader.[A]Although[B]To carry out[C]Except that[D] Make23) pure lead,the lead ore is mined,then smelted,and finally refined.[A] Obtaining[B] Being obtained[C] T o obtain[D] It is obtained24) When they met,Leonardo and his enemy were fighting.[A]killed each other[B]killing each other[C]to be killed each other[D]to kill each other表示原因It's very kind of you to say so. / I am pretty pleased to hear the news that you are elected as the president of the club. / I'm sorry to interrupt you. / They are quite surprised to see the great changes taking place in the area.五、伴随状况在下列表示能力、愿望、倾向等语义的形容词后边也要接不定式：able(但其同义词“ capable”后面要接“of+动名词”),anxious, eager, glad, inclined(倾向于),liable, likely, pleased, ready等。

不定式一、形式功能：动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

否定式：not + (to) do 以do为例，动词不定式的构成如下：（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.例如：I'm nice to meet you. 很高兴见到你。

He seems to know a lot. 他看起来懂得很多。

We plan to pay a visit. 我们计划花钱去参观。

He wants to be an artist. 他想成为一个艺术家。

The patient asked to be operated on at once. 病人要求马上手术。

The teacher ordered the work to be done. 老师要求完成工作。

（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：The boy pretended to be working hard. 男孩假装工作得很努力。

He seems to be reading in his room. 看起来他正在他的房间里面读书。

（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：I regretted having told a lie. 我后悔我说谎了。

I happened to have seen the film. 我偶然看过这部电影。

He is pleased to have met his friend. 他很高兴能遇上他的朋友。

二、不定式的句法功能：（1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。

To lose your heart means failure. 灰心意味着失败。

动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。