William Shakespeare was born in Stratford

莎士比亚简介英语带翻译Shakespeare: A Brief Introduction。

William Shakespeare is widely regarded as one of the greatest playwrights in history. He was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England in 1564 and died in 1616. Shakespeare wrote plays that are still performed today and his works have been translated into every major language in the world. In this article, we will provide a brief introduction to Shakespeare, including his life, his works, and his legacy.Life。

Shakespeare was born to John Shakespeare, a glove maker, and Mary Arden, the daughter of a wealthy landowner. Shakespeare attended grammar school in Stratford-upon-Avon and married Anne Hathaway in 1582. They had three children together, but little is known about Shakespeare's personal life.In 1592, Shakespeare moved to London and became an actor and playwright. He joined a company of actors called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, which later became the King's Men. Shakespeare wrote many plays during his time in London and became a shareholder in the Globe Theatre, where many of his plays were performed.Works。

The first period(1590 ~ 1600) historical drama, comedy.Theme:praise and support the monarchy. The second period(1601 ~ 1607) tragedy. Theme:Creation changed from the early praise for humanism to the exposition and criticism of darkness of the society. The third period (1608 ~ 1613) legendary fantasy drama.Theme: Wish to resolve conflicts between ideal and reality through the mythical imagination.
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Shakespeare probably left Stratford around 1586 He joined a company of traveling actors and went to London. He began to act and then he wrote plays for the stage. Shakespeare wrote 38 plays, including historical plays , comedies, Roman plays, and tragedies. He also wrote the most famous series of sonnet in the English language. Many of these poems were written to a ‘Dark Lady’ .Shakespeare’s theatrical company built the Globe Theater where many dramas were performed. All classes of society like his plays. Later Shakespeare became the boss of the theatrical company and they received royal protection.

莎士比亚简介英文作文William Shakespeare, also known as the Bard of Avon,was an English playwright and poet who lived in the late16th and early 17th centuries. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and is known forhis plays, sonnets, and other works.Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1564 and married Anne Hathaway at the age of 18. He moved to Londonto pursue a career in the theater and soon became a successful actor, playwright, and shareholder in the Globe Theatre.Shakespeare's works are known for their rich language, complex characters, and timeless themes. His plays, such as "Hamlet," "Macbeth," and "Romeo and Juliet," continue to be performed and studied around the world.In addition to his plays, Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets, which are among the most famous and influential poems inthe English language. These sonnets explore themes of love, beauty, and the passage of time.Shakespeare's legacy is immense, and his influence can be seen in literature, theater, and the arts to this day. He continues to be celebrated as a master of the written word and a profound chronicler of the human experience.。

WILLIAM SHAKESPEAREWilliam Shakespeare is world famous. We know quite a lot about him but there is still much that remains a mystery. We don’t know his date of birth. We don’t know the date of his marriage. We even have very little idea of what he looked like. So what DO we know about William Shakespeare, the man?When and where was Shakespeare born? William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, a market town in a farming area of the Midlands. About 1000 people lived there. Shakespeare was baptised on 26th April 1564, but we don’t know his exact date of birth.What was Shakespeare’s family like?William was born to prosperous parents. His mother, Mary, was the daughter of a local farmer. His father, John, was a glove-maker and wool trader with a large family house. When William was four years old, his father was elected Bailiff of Stratford – effectively the mayor. But his early life wasn’t easy. Although William was the third of eight children, he grew up as the oldest. Histwo older sisters both died very young. And William was lucky to survive. When he was just a baby, in 1564, plague killed about 200 people in Stratford – 1 in 5 of the population. Fortunately, William survived.Where did Shakespeare go to school?From the age of seven, boys like William went to grammar school. There was one in Stratford and it is still there today. But schooling was different then. The boys learned to read, speak and write in Latin. They also had to memorise and perform stories from history - useful skills for an actor and writer. Shakespeare probably left school aged fifteen.When did Shakespeare marry?In late 1582, we don’t know the exact date, Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway – a local farmer’s daughter. William was only 18 years old. Most men at this time married in their mid- to late-20s. So why did William marry so young? The answer came six months later, when William’s daughter, Susanna, was baptised.What do we know of Shakespeare’s family life? The answer is… practically nothing. We know William and Anne had two more children, Hamnet and Judith, twins, born in 1585. Anne and the three children probably lived with William’s parents at first. Later, they moved to New Place, a large house in Stratford. But it was a strange family life. Shakespeare spent most of histime 100 miles away, in London. This engraving of William Shakespeare was engraved by MartinDroeshout in 1623. It is used on the title page of the First Foliocollection of Shakespeare’s plays, but may be more flattering thanhe really looked.What did Shakespeare do in London?From about 1590 to 1613, Shakespeare lived mainly in London and by 1592 was a well-known actor there. He was also a playwright. His play, Henry VI , was performed at the Rose theatre in 1592. He went on to write, or co-write, about 40 plays. Shakespeare was also a poet and in 1609 published a book of 154 sonnets.And Shakespeare was a businessman too. He was asharer (part-owner) of a theatre company called The Lord Chamberlain’s Men . And from 1599, he was part-owner of the Globe Theatre.So, for about twenty years, he made money from acting, writing and running a theatre company.When did Shakespeare die?After 1613, Shakespeare spent more time at Stratford. Then, in January 1616, he made a will and died on 23rd April 1616. He is buried in Holy Trinity church in Stratford-upon-Avon.did you know?Shakespeare, England’s greatest writer, died on the day of England’s patron saint – St George’s Day – 23rd April.Shakespeare may have been born on St. George’s Day too. He was baptised on 26th April, so it is possible, but we really don’t know.© 2013 The Shakespeare Globe Trust. Permission granted to reproduce for personal and educational use only. Commercial copying, hiring, lending, is prohibited.SH AK ES PE AR E’S SI GN AT UR EWe have six surv iving vers ions of S hake spea re’s sign atur e. They are all d iffer ent. He w rote :• Willm Sha kp • Wm Sha kspe • Willm Sha kspe re • Willi am Sha kspe r • Willm Sha kspe re • Willi am Sha kesp ere•and Willi am Sha kesp eare .The last vers ion, take n fro m h is w ill in 1616 is the v ersio n we u se to day.Furt her R esou rcesNationa l Portra it Galler yThis web page has 92 imag es of Sh akespea re. We c an’t be sure any show ex actly wh at he loo ked like, but man y share similar features.www.np /collections/search/pe rson.php?Lin kID=m p04051Shakes peare B irthplac e TrustThis web page ha s 13 vid eos answ ering qu estions a bout Shakesp eare’s lif e.www.sh akespea .u k/explo re-shak espeare /about-shakesp eare。

作文莎士比亚英文简介英文：William Shakespeare is widely regarded as one of the greatest playwrights in the English language. He was bornin Stratford-upon-Avon, England in 1564 and wrote over 30 plays during his lifetime. His works are still studied and performed today, over 400 years after his death.Shakespeare's plays are known for their complex characters, intricate plots, and beautiful language. Some of his most famous works include Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and Macbeth. These plays explore themes such as love, betrayal, and the human condition, and continue to resonate with audiences around the world.In addition to his plays, Shakespeare also wrote sonnets, which are 14-line poems that follow a specific rhyme scheme. His sonnets are widely regarded as some of the most beautiful and profound poems in the Englishlanguage.Shakespeare's influence on literature and culturecannot be overstated. His works have been translated into every major language and have been adapted into countless films, plays, and other works of art. He is a true icon of English literature and a testament to the power of storytelling.中文：威廉·莎士比亚被广泛认为是英语语言中最伟大的剧作家之一。

莎士比亚的中英文介绍Introduction to ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare, often regarded as the greatest playwright in English literature, was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England in 1564. His works have had a profound impact on the world of literature and theatre, with his plays widely studied and performed to this day. This article provides a comprehensive introduction to Shakespeare's life and works, exploring his contributions to the literary world and his enduring legacy.生平概述 (Biography)Shakespeare was born into a middle-class family. Despite his humble origins, he received a solid education and showed a keen interest in literature from a young age. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, who bore him three children. In the late 1580s, he left his family and moved to London to pursue a career in the theatre.身世谜团 (Mystery Surrounding His Background)While much is known about Shakespeare's works, there remains a certain degree of mystery surrounding his personal life. Some scholars argue that the plays attributed to him were actually written by someone else or by a group of writers. However, the majority of literary experts agree that Shakespeare was indeed the author of the plays and sonnets attributed to him.文学贡献 (Literary Contributions)Shakespeare's literary contributions cannot be overstated. He wrote a total of 39 plays, consisting of comedies, tragedies, and histories, whichexplored a wide range of themes and emotions. Some of his most famous plays include "Romeo and Juliet," "Macbeth," "Hamlet," and "Othello." These works delve into the human condition, examining complex characters and presenting universal truths that continue to resonate with audiences today.Shakespeare's writing style was characterized by his mastery of language, his use of poetic devices such as iambic pentameter, and his ability to craft deeply moving and memorable dialogues. His plays employed a variety of literary techniques, including soliloquies, dramatic irony, and foreshadowing, which added depth and complexity to his storytelling.戏剧与剧院 (Drama and Theatres)During Shakespeare's time, theatre was a popular form of entertainment. His plays were performed at various venues, including the famous Globe Theatre, where he was a co-owner. The Globe Theatre provided a platform for Shakespeare to showcase his works to a wide audience, and his plays were enthusiastically received by both the nobility and the common people.莎士比亚的作品是根植于戏剧现场的，他的戏剧构思、人物塑造、情节发展等都与剧场环境密不可分。

William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare was born in 1564 and died in 1616. He is the greatest of all English poets in English history. He has become landmarks in the history of world culture.William Shakespeare belongs to Renaissance. In England, the 16th century was a period of breaking up of feudal relations and the establishing of the foundation of capitalism. New social and economic condition brought about great changes in the development of science and art. The great changes influence the thought of human at that time. The creation of writing style has changed. Renaissance meaning from French word, meaning “rebirth”, “revival”. Now it is used to indicate the intellectual and literary movement over Europe from the 14th to the early 17th century. Humanism is the core and essence of the Renaissance. About humanism, man is the measure of all things. Man has ability to perfect themselves to develop the individual. Man should enjoy the present life. So many poets and novelists create their work from gods to man.William Shakespeare creates 154 sonnets, 37dramas and 2 long narrative poems. He has a great significance in English literature history. He represents the climax of the Renaissance. He is the one of the few writers who can be indispensable in the Europe literary history. He is most influential man of the letter since the Renaissance. He is the representative of the Renaissance. Besides he has the most command of vocabulary, so people call him a master of use of vocabulary.His writing style is a combination of realism and romantism. In his works of poem. Sonnet 18 is the most famous and influential poetry in the world. Sonnets are fourteen lines, and rhyming in different patterns. William Shakespeare creates his own rhyming patterns of sonnet. And we call it William Shakespeare’s patterns. The rhyme of William Shakespeare’s sonnet 18 is a b a b, c d c d, e f e f, g g. In this poetry, we can get the main theme of Renaissance, humanism. Shakespeare use many rhetorical devices. In the beginning, the first sentence, should I compare thee to a summer’s day use rhetorical question and simile to attract reader’s interest. ‘You are more lovely and gentle than summer’s day’. In the third sentence, the word darling full of emotional color, itpersonifies the buds. In the fourth sentence use metaphor compare lease to life time. Our life is too short, we should cherish our life time. The next sentence, sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines, use rhetorical device, metaphor. And the next sentence use personification. In the seventh sentence, fair use rhetorical devices pun, it means beautiful person and the quality of beauty. In the last two sentence use parallelism to emphasize the emotion and the mood of this poetry. Summer’s day is too short, but your beauty can exist forever in my poetry.When I have read this poetry. I can get the wonderful use of rhetorical devices and vocabulary. He uses his master hand to describe the beauty of his friend. And his poetry, sonnet 18 represent a strong mood of his friendship, making me impressive.。

莎士比亚中英文简介William Shakespeare, widely regarded as the greatest playwright in the English language, was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England, in 1564. Despite being born into a middle-class family, Shakespeare went on to become a celebrated writer and actor during the Elizabethan era.莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）被广泛认为是英语世界中最伟大的剧作家，他于1564年出生在英国阿文河畔斯特拉特福（Stratford-upon-Avon）。

尽管出生在一个中产阶级家庭，莎士比亚在伊丽莎白时代成为了一位备受赞誉的作家和演员。

Shakespeare's works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, and 2 long narrative poems. His plays are categorized into three main genres: comedy, tragedy, and history. Some of his most well-known plays include "Romeo and Juliet," "Macbeth," "Hamlet," and "Othello." These plays explore and depict various themes such as love, ambition, power, revenge, and the complexities of human nature.莎士比亚的作品包括38部戏剧、154首十四行诗和两首长篇叙事诗。

William Shakespeare （威廉·莎士比亚）Life experience :William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, a small country town. Shakespeare was the eldest son of Mary Arden, the daughter of a local landowner, and her husband, John Shakespeare (c. 1530-1601), a glover and wood dealer. John Aubrey (1626-1697) tells in Brief Lives that Shakespeare's father was a butcher and the young William exercised his father's trade, "but when he kill'd a Calfe he would do it in a high style, and make a speech." In 1568 John Shakespeare was made a mayor of Stratford and a justice of peace. His wool business failed in the 1570s, and in 1580 he was fined £40, with other 140 men, for failing to find surety to keep the peace. There is not record that his fine was paid. Later the church commissioners reported of him and eight other men that they had failed to attend church "for fear of process for debt". The family's position was restored in the 1590s by earnings of William Shakespeare, and in 1596 he was awarded a coat of arms. Very little is known about Shakespeare early life, and his later works have inspired a number of interpretations. Shakespeare is assumed to have been educated at Stratford Grammar School, and he may have spent the years 1580-82 as a teacher for the Roman Catholic Houghton family in Lancashire. When Shakespeare was 15, a woman from a nearby village drowned in the Avon. Her death was ruled accidental but it may have been a suicide. Later in Hamlet Shakespeare left open the question whether Ophelia died accidentally or by her own hand. At the age of 18, Shakespeare married a local girl, Anne Hathaway (died 1623), who was eight years older. Their first child, Susannah, was born within six months, and twins Hamnet and Judith were born in 1585. Hamnet, Shakespeare's only son, died in 1596, at the age of 11. It has often been suggested, that the lines in King John, beginning with "Grief fills the room of my absent child", reflects Shakespeare's grief.About 1610 Shakespeare returned to his birthplace, where he had a house, called New Place. Shakespeare died on April 23, 1616. His widow was legally entitled to a third of the estate.Literary career:He was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's famous dramatist.He created 37 plays, 154 sonnets, and 2 long narrative poems;Major works:Henry VI, Parts I, II, and III亨利六世Richard III (理查三世)Titus Andronicus (泰托斯.安东尼)four comedies:The Comedy of Errors (错误的喜剧) The Two Gentlemen of Verona (维洛那二绅士) The Taming of the Shrew (训悍记) Love's Labour's Lost (爱的徒劳) Richard II (理查二世)King John (约翰王)Henry IV (亨利四世)Henry V (亨利五世)six comedies:A Midsummer Night's Dream (仲夏夜之梦)The Merchant of Venice (威尼斯商人) Much Ado About Nothing (无事生非)As You Like It (皆大欢喜)Twelfth Night (第十二夜)The Merry Wives of Windsor (温莎的风流娘们儿)two tragedies:Romeo and Juliet(罗密欧与朱丽叶)Julis Caesar (凯撒大帝)Here will give you some detials about his master piece work____Hamlet. Hamlet was first printed in 1603. It is Shakespeare's largest drama, based on a lost play known as the Ur-Hamlet. Prince Hamlet, an enigmatic intellectual, mourns both his father's death and his mother's remarriage. His father's ghost appears to him and tells that Claudius, married to Queen Gertrude, Hamlet's mother, poisoned him. Hamlet, fascinated by cruelly witty games, swears revenge."The time is out of joint; O cursed spite, That ever I was born to set it right!"He arranges an old play whose story has a parallel to that of Claudius. Hamlet's behavior is considered mad. He kills the eavesdropping Polonius, the court chamberlain, by thrusting his sword through a curtain. Polonius's son Laertes returns to Denmark to avenge his father's death. Polonius's daughter Ofelia loves Hamlet, but the prince's sadistically brutal behavior drives her tomadness. "Get thee to a nunnery: why wouldst thou be a breeder of sinners?" he tells Ophelia who dies by drowning. Before the slaughter that ends the story, Hamlet says to his friend Horatio: "I shall win at the odds. But thou wouldst not think how ill all's here about my heart." A duel takes place and ends with the death of Gertrude, Laertes, Claudius, and Hamlet, whose final words are "the rest is silence."。

莎士比亚的一生简介英语版William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. He was the third child of John Shakespeare, a successful glove maker and town official, and Mary Arden, a local heiress.At the age of 18, Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway, a woman eight years his senior. They had three children together.Shakespeare began his career in the theater in the early 1590s, writing plays and performing as an actor with a theater company in London. He quickly gained popularity and success, becoming a shareholder in the company and eventually the lead playwright.Over the next 20 years, Shakespeare wrote some of his most famous plays, including Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear. He also became a wealthy businessman, investing in property and purchasing a home in Stratford-upon-Avon.In 1613, Shakespeare retired from the theater and returned to Stratford-upon-Avon. He lived there until his death in 1616 at the age of 52.Today, Shakespeare is widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language. His plays continue to be performed and studied around the world, and his influence on literature and culture is immeasurable.。

莎士比亚英语介绍William Shakespeare, often referred to simply as "The Bard," is widely regarded as the greatest playwright in the English language. He was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England, in 1564 and died in 1616. Shakespeare's works, which include plays, sonnets, and narrative poems, are considered to be timeless classics and his influence on literature and language cannot be overstated.Shakespeare's plays are known for their complex characters, compelling plots, and universal themes. His most famous works include tragedies such as "Hamlet," "Macbeth," and "Romeo and Juliet," as well as comedies like "A Midsummer Night's Dream" and "Much Ado About Nothing." His historical plays, such as "Henry V" and "Richard III," also showcase his talent for creating vivid and memorable characters.What sets Shakespeare apart from other playwrights is his masterful use of language. He is credited with inventing new words and phrases that are still used in everyday English, such as "all's well that ends well" and "fair play." Shakespeare's plays are renowned for their poetic language, rich imagery, and witty wordplay. His verse flows smoothly and his ability to explore the depth of human emotions through language is unparalleled.Shakespeare's impact on literature and culture cannot be overstated. His plays have been performed countless times in theaters around the world and have been translated into numerous languages. His characters, such as Hamlet, Macbeth, and Juliet, have become iconic and have been portrayed by countless actors over the centuries.Shakespeare's works have also influenced other art forms, including opera, ballet, and film. His plays continue to be studied in schools and universities, and his words continue to resonate with audiences today. Shakespeare's ability to capture the essence of the human experience and explore timeless themes such as love, power, and tragedy makes him relevant in any era.In conclusion, William Shakespeare is a literary giant whose contributions to the English language and global culture are immeasurable. His plays continue to captivate and inspire audiences centuries after his death, and his legacy as the greatest playwright in the English language remains unchallenged.。

Self-interest versus love
Mercy versus Revenge
The law
Cross-dressing The pound of flesh
The End
Thank You Very Much
乐东中学 孙发泉制作
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什么表现,难道把他の战智牵出来,表演一个耍猴戏? "要开始了！"众公子也停止了议论纷纷把目光投向了场中の白重炙,想看看这个口出狂言の青年会有什么表现. 白重炙懒洋洋の走到了场中,吊足了大家の胃口后,却没有立刻开始行动.而是突然做出了一个特殊の举动,他身姿一抖,仰起了头,脊 骨突然间变得挺直,双手后附,神情严肃略带沧桑,眼神逐渐变得深邃起来,眉宇不经意间微微蹙起,俨然有一名青年练家子变成了一位落魄の中年诗人. 额！白重炙瞬间转变の气质还の确唬得众人一愣一愣の.这变脸の功夫特太快了吧,而且装の还真好像是那么回事般. "酒来！" 就在众人暗中嗤 之以鼻之时,白重炙突然大喝一声,人还是保持原来の姿势,只是伸出一只手摇摇对着风紫の方桌. 风紫嘿嘿一笑,单手轻轻在桌子上の一坛酒上拍了拍,酒坛直直稳稳飞了过去,中途竟然没有洒落一滴,也没有爆裂开来. 白重炙没有回头,似乎他背后张了眼睛般,在酒坛即将碰触他の手之前,化掌为 爪.轻易の抓起酒坛,然后身子往后微微侧仰,大口大口の喝起酒来. 在月光の照耀下,无『色』の酒『液』变成了莹白『色』,而此时莹白『色』の酒『液』从酒坛里洒落,汹涌直下,如同倾轧の银河般,流进了白重炙の口中,洒在了他の脸上,绽落在他の衣服上,滴在了草坪上,顿时浓烈の酒香溢满 了整个空间. "哈哈……好酒,剑来！" 一坛酒几乎喝尽,白重炙长笑一声,随手一挥,把酒坛甩向风紫.然后伸手直指他の那条方桌后面の独孤剑. 独

Shakespeare’s life and times
in 1616 Wealthy and renowned, Shakespeare retired to Stratford, and died at the age of fifty-two. He was buried in Holy Trinity Church in Stratford (斯普利 特的三圣教堂 ) At the time of Shakespeare’s death, such luminaries as Ben Jonson hailed him as the apogee(最高点) of Renaissance theatre.
sonnet
A sonnet is a fourteen-line lyric poem, traditionally written in iambic pentameter in lines ten syllables long, with accents falling on every second syllable There are certainly a number of intriguing continuities throughout the poems.
Artistic Features
b. He would shorten the time and intensify the story. There are usually several threads running through the play. C). Language and style: a. Irony is a good means of dramatic presentation. Disguise is also an important device to create dramatic irony, usually with woman disguised as man. b. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom. His influence on later writers is immeasurable. Almost all English writers after him have been influenced by him either in artistic point of view, in literary form or in language. D. Embodies the humanistic ideas (humanism is the core idea of the Renaissance )

William Shakespeare (1564-1616) & “Sonnet 18”I. A general descriptionWilliam Shakespeare was one of the greatest giants of the Renaissance, the typical representative of Renaissance humanism, whose influence has gone beyond his time and been strongly felt in all later generations. He is the most popular and most widely respected writer in all English literature. The popular sayings we have and use today come more from Shakespeare than from any other source except from the Bible. His plays are still performed after all these years, and his poems are still read, despite the fact that the language has changed since his days. He is, to use the words of Ben Johnson, his contemporary playwright and also close friend, “not of an age, but for all time.”II. LifeShakespeare was born in Stratford-on-Avon,a small town to the northwest of London. His father was a businessman who dealt with the trade of wool and leather. At the age of 7, he attended the grammar school of the town where he learned “little Latin and less Greek”. When he was 14, his father went into debt and Shakespeare had to leave school and became a country schoolmaster, to help support his family. In 1582 he was married Anne Hathaway, who was 8 years older than her boy husband.In 1584 Shakespeare left his own town. Why he did so remains a mystery. The most popular explanation was that he was prosecuted by a big landlord for poaching on his estate. Shakespeare avenged himself by composing a satirical ballad which soon became popular throughout the countryside. The landlord felt so angry that he decided to redouble his persecution. Then Shakespeare was forced to leave Stratford and disappeared from view ever since. In 1592 he reappeared as a rising actor. He learned much of the technique of dramatic art from his personal experience with the stage. Shakespeare probably began to write plays around 1590, at first in co-operation with other playwrights or engaged in revising old plays. Then his two narrative poems, Venus and Adonis (1593), The Rape of Lucrece (1594)were published. Shakespeare’s career as an actor and playwright lasted more than 20 years. Many of his plays were popular and quite a number of them were published in his life time. After his death a collection of his plays, 37 altogether, were published by two of his friends. In 1611, he retired from London to his native town. He died in Stratford in 1616.III. Four Stages of Shakespeare’s Writing Career (P68)Shakespeare’s writing career may be roughly divided into four stages:The early years were years of apprenticeship from 1590 to 1594. During this period he wrote his early historical plays, a group of comedies and a romantic tragedy. The historical plays include: Henry VI(Part I, II&III), Richard III. The comedies include: The Comedy of Errors, The Two Gentlemen of Veron a and L ove’s Labour’s Lost. The romantic tragedy is Romeo and Juliet.The works written during the first period was full of optimistic atmosphere of humanism.This is a period of experimentation. It is marked by imitation of existing plays, by exaggerated language and by the frequent use of rhymed couplets. In his plays we can see the spirit of youthfulness and rich imagination.The second period is one of rapid growth and development from 1595 to 1600. This is mainly a period of great comedies and mature historical plays. It includes 6 comedies, 5 historical plays and a Roman tragedy.Six comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream *The Merchant of Venice *The Merry Wives of WindsorMuch Ado about NothingAs You Like It *Twelfth Night *Five historical plays: Richard IIHenry IV (Part I &II)Henry VKing JohnA Roman tragedy: Julius CaesarHis sonnets are also considered to be written in this period.The works in this period show more careful and artistic, better plot, and a marked increased in the knowledge of human nature.The third period is one of gloom and depression from1601 to 1607. This is mainly the period of great tragedies and dark comedies. His four great tragedies were written during this period:Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth.The works written in this period reflect the social contradictions of the time.The fourth period is a period of calm after storm from 1608 to 1612. Shakespeare’s works in this period is mainly romantic drama such as Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and Tempest.A historical play, Henry VIII, was also written in this period.IV. Main Points of Shakespeare’s AchievementsShakespeare has been universally acknowledged to be the summit of the English Renaissance, and one of the greatest writers in the literary world. He made a lot of achievements in literary writing in his life, especially in drama composition.A. Shakespeare is one of the founders of realism in world literature. He reflected the trend of history in giving voice to the desires and aspirations of the people. After long years of foreign and domestic wars, both the people and the newly rising bourgeoisie longed for peace under a strong monarch who would unite the whole country. In the first two periods, Shakespeare wrote a number of plays with the history of England as their background. His plays cover the whole transitional period of England from medieval time to modern time. His historical plays are full of patriotism and a feeling of national pride and glory.B. Shakespeare’s humanism: More important than his historical sense of his time, Shakespeare reflects the spirit of his age in his works. The sudden awakening of national glory was closely connected with the sudden discovery of the glory that manfound in himself. This humanist view is reflected in his comedies as well as in his late tragedies. And we can find the course of change in his humanism. In his early stage, his plays were filled with optimistic spirit, no matter whether in comedies or tragedies. He had firm belief in the nobility of human nature and in the power of love. People were innocent and were looking at the world with a wonderful eye as if their eyes were newly open to the wonder of the world. Man, who had been debased in the Medieval Age, was now master of himself, and could overcome evils in this world. But with the development of time Shakespeare became more nature and his knowledge of human nature grew in depth. The more he knew about human nature, the more he was depressed at the ugliness of human nature. The pessimistic view appears in his tragedies. However, the humane dramatist at last overcame spiritual crisis and recovered his faith in human nature and wrote the beautiful romances which ended his career.C. Shakespeare’s characterization:Shakespeare was most successful in characterization. In his plays, he described a great number of characters, from kings to clowns, rascals and grave-diggers; from lunatics to ghosts; from lovers to man-haters. Shakespeare’s characters are round, in the sense that they have many aspects. In his characters, vice and virtue co-exist and that’s true of the common sense of humanity. For example, Richard III is, in a way, a hero as well as a villain, his psychology being far from simple.D. Shakespeare’s originality:Shakespeare drew most of his materials from sources that were known to his audience. But his plays are original because he introduced into the old materials a new spirit that gives new life to his plays.E. Shakespeare as a great poet: Shakespeare was not only a great dramatist, but also a great poem. Apart from his sonnets and long poems, his dramas are also poetic. They are rich in images, humorous expressions, metaphor and symbols. His writing style varies with the different moods he expressed. It can be lyrical, poetical, ecstatic, pathetic, cynical, sarcastic and ironic.F. Shakespeare as master of the English language: Shakespeare was the master of the English language. It is estimated that he had a command of about 16,000 words. Many of his quotations and phrases have been absorbed into the English language. He was especially successful in dealing with the different meanings of the same word or words having the same sound but different meanings.His contribution to English literature not only lies in the creation of many immortal works, but also in the improvement of the dramatic techniques and the creation of Shakespearian sonnet by revising the Italian sonnet.Sonnet 18I. Questions1.What’s the metrical form of Sonnet 18?It consists of three quatrains with a rhyme scheme abab cdcd efed and ends with a couplet rhyming gg. In the three quatrains the theme is put forward and developed, and in the couplet the sonnet ends with a surprise conclusion.2.What’s the foot used in this sonnet?Five-foot iambus/iambic pentameter.thou---you (subject) thee---you(object) thy---your thine---yourII. Detailed StudyL1: This is a rhetorical question which expects no answer.Thee refers to one of Shakespeare’s friends.Shakespeare intends to compare his friend to a summer’s day. This indicates there must be some similarity between the two, otherwise they can not be compared.A summer’s day in usually hot an d full of sunshine, but in England, summerhas the best weather because it is neither too hot nor too cold. Strong wind becomes less frequent than in other seasons. It seldom rains and people may leave their umbrellas at home.L2: More lovely is used h ere instead of lovelier only for syllable’s sake.temperate: soft; gentle; mildL1-2: How can I compare you to a summer’s day since you’re lovelier and gentler than a summer’s day?L3: In May(early summer), young flowers begin to bloom, but strong winds destroy the lovely buds of them. That means not everything in summer isgood. Summer has its shortcomings.L4: lease (a legal term): a written agreement, made according to law, by which the use of a building or piece of land is given by its owner to somebody for acertain time in return for rent.Here summer is personified as a tenant holding a “lease” for a short term andtime is holding that “lease” like some kind of eternal landlord.This line means summer can never last long. It has too short durations.L1-4: The first quatrain is the introduction of the poem. It brings out the topic. The poet is going to talk about his friend, his goodness, and his beauty. Hisfriend is better than the best. He is talking very cleverly about his friend. Hewants to convey to us the idea that his friend is perfect.L5-6: These two lines are in inverted order. The normal order is: Sometime the eye of heaven shines too hot, And often his gold complexion is dimm’d.Brightness is the striking characteristics of eyes. The eyes of heavenoriginally refer to the sun and moon. We know the moon has nothing to dowith hotness, so the eye of heaven in the fifth line only refers to the sun.L6: But the sun’s gold complexion is often darken ed by clouds.L7: Two “fairs” have got different meanings. The first fair means individual beauty , every beautiful thing or person, while the second means the whole beauty, the concept of beauty.Beauty will not accompany a person or a thing forever. It will go away as time goes on. Or the beauty of every beautiful person or thing will fade away at some future time.L8: nature’s changing course: the law of change in the natural world What’s the content of law?Everything is changing. Everything beautiful or every beautiful person may lose its beauty. Their beauty may be destroyed unexpectedly by the law of change in the natural world.L5-8: The second quatrain serves as the elucidation of the poem.Summary: In the first quatrain, the poet talks about something specific such as his friend, summer’s day, while in the second quatrain , something general is discussed such as beauty, nature.L9: Here summer means youthfulness.childhood—springyouthhood(best t ime of a person’s life)---summermiddle age---autumnold age---winterP: You will be always young.L10: You will never lose the possession of the beauty you own. Your beauty will never disappear.L11: Death is used here as personi fication. Death often boasts about his power,”Every human being is within my control. Every person will die no matter how long he lives.”As to my friend, even death can never say that he is within my control. That’s to say, his friend is always young. He will never die.In fact, what is talked about in L9-11 is against the natural law.L12: When you’re written in a poem, and this poem goes with the line. Since the line is eternal/everlasting, you’ll be eternal. You will never lose your b eauty.Even death will not dare to be near to you.L9-12: The third quatrain serves as transition. It covers the theme of the poem.L13-14: As long as human beings can breathe or see/this world has human beingsto live in, then this poem will live together with the human beings. It will beeternal. You will be immortal. Your beauty will be everlasting.The fourth couplet serves as conclusion. In it the theme of the poem isexpressed clearly. Poem is eternal. Man is immortal. Man’s beauty iseverlasting.III. CommentFrom very ancient time to Middle Ages, even to the age of Renaissance, the mind of Western people was controlled by religion. God is the most powerful. People all thought they lived in this world only for God, but not for themselves. Do you think they could enjoy the happy life in this way? In Sonnet 18, Shakespeare says something about the power of his friend, from which we can learn man is eternal. Man is the most powerful. Then man can do everything according to his own will.This is a beautiful lyric, yet it is full of philosophic reasoning. In fact, not all poems are valuable in times. Only those full of progressive significance and artistic value will be eternal.The sonnet is rich in simple, unaffected yet compelling images and symbols. The language, too, is comparatively unadorned for the sonnets; it is not heavy with alliteration or assonance. The lines are self-contained and all of them end with some punctuation, which signals a pause. Thematically, the poem is, on the surface, simply a statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved, but another important theme is the power of the speaker’s poem to defy time and last forever, carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations. The beloved’s “eternal summer”shall not fade precisely because it is embodied in the sonnet. In other words, if man is immortal, this is because poetry, which preserves man’s beauty, is immortal.。

3.How many times did he get married?
A. once ★ B. twice C. three times William Shakespeare
Introduction
In 1582 Shakespeare was married to Anne Hathaway, a farmer’s daughter, who was eight years older than her boy husband. They had three children: Susanna and the twins, Judith and Hamnet.
Othello A.________
King Lear B.________ Macbeth C.________
William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616 )
Hamlet D.________
Do you know some of Shakespeare’s comedies ? 终成眷属 All’s Well that Ends Well
Words,words, only words, mo matter from the heart. Meaning: it’s all empty words, and there isn’t any truth in them. You just talk, but you don,t mean it.
Romeo, why are you Romeo? Deny your father, and refuse your name…<Romeo & Juliet>
Meaning: if only you had a different name, we would not have this problem and would be together forever.

The


second period (1595～1600)


Richard II (1595～96) A Midsummer Night's Dream (1595～96) King John (1596～97) The Merchant of Venice (1596～97) Henry IV, Part I (1597) Henry IV, Part II (1597) Much Ado about Nothing (1598～ 99) Henry V (1598～99) The Merry Wives of Windsor (1598～1601) Julius Caesar (1599) As You Like It (1599～1600) Twelfth Night (1599～1600)
Plot: Romeo and Juliet , the pair of young lovers, belong to two hostile families, Montague and Capulet, so their union in marriage is impossible. More unfortunately, Romeo kills Juliet’s cousin in anger and is banished; Juliet is engaged to somebody else by her parents.
Merchant of Venice




Source: The story of Merchant of Venice is of Italian origin. Character: There are four main characters in it; Shylock, the money lender; Antonio, a Christian merchant; Bassanio, a young man who is the dear friend of Antonio; Portia, a beautiful girl who is the heroine. Theme: The central theme of this comedy is the triumph of love and friendship over insatiable greed and brutality( as represented by Shylock). Chracterization: Portia is an ideal woman who is beautiful, cultured, courteous, witty; at the same time Shylock is also a powerful figure who is avaricious, pride, religious, racial.

William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in April 1564, and his birth is traditionally celebrated on April 23. The facts of his life, English Renaissance great playwright and poet, European Renaissance humanism literature easement.埃文河畔的威廉·莎士比亚生于1564年4月,他出生在4月23日是西方传统的节日。

他的生活的事实,英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人,欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者。

The prologue tells the audience that this story will be about two prominent families of Verona, Italy, whose ancient feud is erupting anew and that a "pair of star-cross'd lovers" from these families will end the violence by ending their own lives.开场白告诉观众,这个故事将两个突出的意大利,维罗纳,家庭不和是它古老的爆发,一个“重新对star-cross会情人”从这些家庭将结束暴力以结束自己的生命。

Born in antagonistic one pair of young men and women of two families, Romeo and Juliet, they are desperate for love, however, hatred of bloodshed between the time the family so that they can not love openly. Juliet'swet nurse in the help, they can be met.出生在对立的一对青年男女两个家庭,罗密欧与朱丽叶,他们都在渴望爱,然而,仇恨的流血时间之间的家庭,以便他们能不爱公开。