中国经济学年会会议论文系列

中国经济发展参考论文中国改革开放了20多年,经济快速增长了20多年,如何看待中国的经济快速增长及其发展趋势这个话题也争论了20多年。

下文是店铺为大家搜集整理的关于中国经济发展参考论文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!中国经济发展参考论文篇1浅析中国生态经济建设发展为贯彻党的及十八届三中全会精神，由中国生态经济学学会、江西省社会科学院共同主办，江西省社会科学院生态经济学重点学科、《鄱阳湖学刊》编辑部联合承办的“2014中国生态经济建设暨全国生态文明先行示范区建设”论坛，于2014年6月28在南昌举行。

来自中国生态经济学会、中国社会科学院、中国科学院、中国人民大学、环境保护部华南环境科学所、福建省社会科学院、河南省社会科学院、湖南省社会科学院、湖南师范大学、江西省政府发展研究中心、江西省山江湖办、江西省科学院、江西省林业科学院、南昌大学、江西财经大学、江西农业大学等多家单位的150余名专家学者参加了此次论坛，并就如下问题展开了学术研讨。

一、生态经济和生态文明建设的共同发展中国社会科学院李周研究员从供需双方面分析了当前生态建设的形势。

从供给方面看，科学技术的进步，使人类具有了开发利用所有生态系统和自然资源的能力。

机械的投入使用，使人类的生产能力显著提升。

四通八达的陆海空交通系统的建成，保鲜技术的提高以及冷链运输装备的增强，大大弱化了经济系统与生态系统在空间上的对应性。

从需求方面看，医学成果推广导致的人口爆炸，引发了农产品总需求量的显著增加;收入水平的提高，引发了工业品和各种享乐品总需求量的显著增加，农产品、工业品、享乐品总需求量叠加在一起的显著增加，对自然生态系统造成了力度越来越大的冲击。

李周认为，生态经济现在已经上升为一种被越来越多的人所理解和接受的理论体系。

伴随着生态运动的全球化，追求生态环境与社会经济协调发展、人与自然和谐共处的生态经济形态，正在逐渐成为全人类的共识。

伴随着实业家和政治家的介入，现实经济也在朝着生态经济模式的方向发展。

2023年我国政治经济学年会征文随着我国经济的持续增长和全球地位的提升，我国政治经济学的研究也日益受到重视。

为了促进学术研究的交流和合作，以及推动我国政治经济学的发展，我国政治经济学会决定于2023年举办我国政治经济学年会，并征集相关论文。

以下是本次年会的主题和内容安排：一、主题：1.我国经济发展与全球化我国作为世界第二大经济体，其经济发展和全球化进程备受关注。

本次年会将围绕我国经济融入全球经济格局、参与全球产业链、推动区域和国际合作等议题展开讨论。

2.政治变革与经济发展我国的政治变革对经济发展产生深远影响。

本次年会将探讨我国政治体制改革对经济增长、产业结构调整、国家治理模式等方面的影响，并就政治稳定与经济可持续发展展开讨论。

3.政策调控与经济平衡我国政府在经济发展过程中采取了一系列政策调控举措。

本次年会将重点关注我国的宏观调控政策、产业政策、对外开放政策等方面，探讨这些政策对经济平衡、结构优化和创新发展的作用。

二、征文范围：1.宏观经济政策分析2.产业经济研究3.社会治理与经济发展4.全球化与国际合作5.创新驱动与科技发展6.乡村振兴与城市发展7.绿色发展与环境保护8.金融改革与风险防范三、征文要求：1.原创性：所提交的论文必须为原创作品，未在其他刊物或会议上发表。

2.学术性：所提交的论文必须具有较高的学术水平，符合学术伦理和规范。

3.完整性：所提交的论文必须具有较完整的论证体系和数据支撑。

4.语言：所提交的论文可以使用中文或英文撰写，但需附有中英文摘要。

5.格式：论文格式需符合我国政治经济学会相关规定。

四、提交方式：1.截止日期：请在截止日期前将论文提交至指定电流信箱。

2.评审流程：论文将由专家学者进行匿名评审，评选出符合要求的优秀论文，并邀请相关作者参加年会交流。

3.学术成果：优秀论文将有机会发表在我国政治经济学年会相关刊物或者针对会议成果进行出版。

我国政治经济学年会是一个交流学术、共享研究成果的重要评台，也是我国政治经济学研究的风向标和动向指示器。

中国经济论文参考文献一、中国经济论文期刊参考文献[1].中国经济全要素生产率变动:19521998.《世界经济文汇》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.被南京大学《核心期刊目录》收录CSSCI.2003年2期.张军.施少华.[2].基于CGE模型的CO2减排对中国经济的影响.《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2005年12期.王灿.陈吉宁.邹骥.[9].中国经济新常态的问题、挑战和对策研究综述.《财经科学》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.被南京大学《核心期刊目录》收录CSSCI.2015年5期.张国.[10].中国经济增速放缓与稳增长的路径选择.《社会科学研究》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.被南京大学《核心期刊目录》收录CSSCI.2014年3期.任保平.宋文月.二、中国经济论文参考文献学位论文类[1].19492011年中国经济通史研究的发展.作者：冯雪.史常理论及史学史扬州大学2013（学位年度）[2].批评隐喻视角下中国经济隐喻的历时研究——以《时代周刊》为例. 作者：钟佳奇.外国语言学及应用语言学浙江工商大学2014（学位年度）[3].股份制改革和分税制下中国经济效率损失的分析和测度.作者：王贵东.国民经济学中国海洋大学2013（学位年度）[4].“以人为本”视角下的中国经济包容性增长水平测度研究.作者：蒋微青.统计学河北经贸大学2014（学位年度）[5].基于1979年2008年数据中国经济动态效率研究.作者：张宇.管理科学与工程哈尔滨工业大学2010（学位年度）[6].国际原油定价权缺失对中国经济的影响及对策分析.作者：叶茜.金融学武汉理工大学2013（学位年度）[7].美国出口倍增计划对中国经济的影响研究.作者：米胜超.国际商务对外经济贸易大学2013（学位年度）[8].从关系过程看美国大报中的中国经济形象——一项语料库语言学方法辅助下的批评话语分析.作者：齐佩.英语语言文学河北师范大学2012（学位年度）[9].20世纪30年代世界经济大萧条对近代中国经济的影响——萧条的传导、影响以及应对.作者：张晓宇.经济史南开大学2011（学位年度）[10].论市场在当代中国经济中的作用.作者：张扬.马克思主义理论西南科技大学2015（学位年度）三、相关中国经济论文外文参考文献[1]InflationaryeffectofcoalpricechangeontheChineseeconomy. ZhanMingChen《Appliedenergy》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.2014Feb.[2]EmergybasedecologicalaccounttortheChineseeconomyin2004.M.M.JiangJ.B.ZhouB.ChenG.Q.Chen 《Communicationsinnonlinearscienceandnumericalsimulation》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.200810[3]GrowthandstructuralchangeinChina'senergyeconomy. FredrichKahrlDavidRolandHoist《Energy》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20097[4]IdentifyingtheenvironmentalsupportandconstraintstotheChineseec onomicgrowthAnapplicationoftheEmergyAccountingmethod. BoLouSergioUlgiati《Energypolicy》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.2013Apr.[5]Vehicletechnologies,fueleconomypolicies,andfuelconsumptionrate sofChinesevehicles.HongHuoKebinHeMichaelWangZhiliangYao《Energypolicy》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.2012Apr.[6]BiofuelDevelopment,FoodSecurityandtheUseofMarginalLandinChina. Qiu,HuanguangHuang,JikunKeyzer,MichielvanVeen,WimRozelle,ScottFisher, GuentherErmolieva,Tatiana.《JournalofEnvironmentalQuality》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20114[7]EnvironmentalSupplyChainCooperationandItsEffectontheCircularEc onomyPracticePerformanceRelationshipAmongChineseManufacturers. QinghuaZhuYongGengKeehungLai《JournalofIndustrialEcology》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.20113[8]Developinglowcarboneconomy:Actions,challengesandsolutionsforen ergysavingsinChina. JianHouPeidongZhangYongshengTianXianzhengYuanYanliYang 《Renewableenergy》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.201111[9]Developinglowcarboneconomy:Actions,challengesandsolutionsforen ergysavingsinChina. JianHouPeidongZhangYongshengTianXianzhengYuanYanliYang 《Renewableenergy》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.201111[10]EnergyconservationandcirculareconomyinChina'sprocessindustrie s.HuiquanLiWeijunBaoCaihongXiuYiZhangHongbinXu《Energy》,被EI收录EI.被SCI收录SCI.201011四、中国经济论文专著参考文献[1]西方媒体为何又转而“唱衰中国经济”?.王东，2012中国未来研究会2012年学术年会[2]“中国经济派”考论.吴敏超，2009中国社会科学院近代史研究所第十一届青年学术讨论会[3]辛亥革命前后中国经济的延续和变迁.朱荫贵，2012清帝逊位与民国肇建一百周年国际学术研讨会[4]中国经济失衡根源在于国民经济初次分配制度的缺陷基于人的发展经济学视角.巫，2012“财富的生产和分配:中外理论与政策”理论研讨会暨中国经济规律研究会第22届年会[5]经济全球化与中国经济发展道路面临的挑战.李欣广，2011经济全球化与中国经济科学发展高峰论坛暨中国经济规律研究会第21届年会[6]中国经济空间演化趋势与驱动机制.赵作权.宋敦江，2010中国地质矿产经济学会资源经济与规划专业委员会2010年学术年会[7]试论和谐的中国经济体构建.马先标，2011第十届WTO与中国国际学术年会[8]日本NHK纪录片中的中国经济形象.刘忠波，2014中国高校影视学会第十五届年会暨第八届“中国影视高层论坛”[9]2012年中国经济展望和宏观调控政策取向.范剑平，20122012年宏观经济与汽车市场形势高级研讨会[10]全球低碳框架与中国经济自主安全发展.倪晓宁，2011经济全球化与中国经济科学发展高峰论坛暨中国经济规律研究会第21届年会。

关于经济的优秀论文范文整理（共4篇）
很抱歉，我不能为你提供完整的4篇超过2000字的优秀经济
论文范文。

然而，我可以给你提供几个经济领域的论文主题，并提供每个主题的简短范文，以帮助你启发思路。

1. 经济增长与可持续发展
论文主题：可持续发展理念在经济增长中的应用
范文：可持续发展是全球经济发展的重要目标之一，论文通过分析可持续发展的概念、原则和实践，并探讨其如何与经济增长相结合，探讨可持续发展的意义和挑战。

2. 资本市场与金融创新
论文主题：金融创新对资本市场发展的影响
范文：金融创新在资本市场中扮演着重要的角色。

本文通过对金融创新的定义、类型和影响进行探讨，分析金融创新对资本市场发展的积极和负面影响，并提出提高金融创新的监管和风险管理的建议。

3. 全球贸易与经济不平等
论文主题：全球贸易对经济不平等的影响
范文：全球贸易在推动经济增长和国际合作方面发挥了重要作用。

然而，贸易自由化也加剧了全球范围内的经济不平等问题。

本文通过分析全球贸易的背景和发展趋势，探讨全球贸易对经济不平等的影响，并提出减少经济不平等的政策建议。

4. 创新与科技发展的影响
论文主题：创新与科技发展对经济增长的影响
范文：科技创新是经济增长和发展的关键驱动力之一。

本文通过对创新理论和科技发展的分析，探讨创新与科技发展对经济增长的影响，并讨论如何促进创新和科技发展，推动经济转型和发展。

以上是对4个经济领域常见论文主题的简要范文介绍，希望能帮助你在写作过程中找到适合的论文主题和相关论文范例。

如果你需要更详细的论文范例或更多的经济论文主题，请告诉我。

论中国经济发展论文改革开放30多年来，中国经济发展取得了举世瞩目的成就，创造了世界经济史上的又一个奇迹。

下文是店铺为大家搜集整理的关于中国经济发展论文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!中国经济发展论文篇1浅谈中国经济持续发展摘要：尽管目前全球处于金融危机，能源仍然起着重建世界经济新秩序的杠杆作用。

能否获取足够的石油和天然气来源，将决定中国成为一个超级大国的未来。

关键词：中国，经济，能源;石油一、中国能源需求的基本情况近40年来，中国石油消费量增加了25倍，占世界的8.5%。

自1991年起，中国在世界能源消费中的比重由9%增加到16%，接近于欧洲(18%)和最大石油消费者美国(21%)。

2008年，中国已加工3.42亿吨原油(增长了3.7%)，增长率为2.7个百分点，低于2007年，燃料产量达到2.08亿吨(增长了6.9%);石油开采量接近1.9亿吨(增长了2.3%)。

中国的油田大体分布在七个相距较远的不同地区，其余数量众多的中小油田较分散。

近几年来，中国开发了拥有大量碳氢化合物的矿区，如鄂尔多斯盆地、塔里木盆地、四川盆地等。

2007年5月，中国石油天然气集团公司在渤海湾滩海地区发现储量规模约30亿吨的大油田――冀东南堡油田，这是几十年来勘探发现的最大油田。

可是，这些勘探发现以及原油产出一时很难改变中国大量需求原油的现状。

中国政府期望加大勘探海域石油、天然气储量的开发力度，2010年，预计开采量上升3%，每天产量为390万桶。

截止1993年中国还是一个石油净出口国，原油生产供大于求。

而目前是石油进口大国且保持外部供应稳定上升的趋势。

2008年，中国进口了一亿七千九百万吨石油(增长9，6%)，国家对进口石油的依赖上升了1.8个百分点，达48%(2020年将超过60%)。

据预测，到2025年中国石油消费量将上升至每天1420万桶，其中1090万桶需要进口。

美国认为中国占世界石油消费量的14%，而国际能源署则认为达16%。

中国经济的论文范文2003年以来,中国经济保持了多年的持续高增长速度,与此同时中国经济运行也存在很多潜在的风险因素。

下文是店铺为大家搜集整理的关于中国经济的论文范文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!中国经济的论文范文篇1略论中国经济高增长时期的资本过度深化一、我国目前的收入分配差距现状及相关原因探究目前，国内外通用基尼系数来衡量一国国民收入分配差距。

自2000年开始，我国的基尼系数已经超过了0.4的警戒线，2010年为0.481，2011年为0.477，2012年为0.474，2013年为0.473。

我国的基尼系数表明我国社会的贫富差距已经突破了合理限度。

我国现阶段的收入分配差距，具体表现在四个方面：第一，行业间收入差距大，垄断性、资本密集型等行业收入偏高;第二，城乡居民收入差距较大，虽然近些年来城乡居民收入普遍提高，但二者差距仍较大;第三，区域间收入差距大，东部明显高于中西部;第四，不同阶层之间的收入差距明显，高、低收入者之间的差距逐渐拉大。

目前，国内外学者分别从政府因素、市场因素、人力资本和灰色收入等多方面角度对我国居民收入差距扩大的原因进行探究，政府也从税收、社会保障、公共服务等角度的政策措施努力改观现状。

然而，这些都未解决收入差距问题，我国居民收入分配差距拉大的问题从根本上来讲是在生产方式之中引起的。

二、中国经济高增长时期的资本深化与政府投资偏好马克思经济学分析，资本对劳动的比例越来越高(即资本深化)，会造成收入差别的扩大。

而反观我国的工业经济发展过程，实际上就是一条资本不断深化的发展之路。

三十多年来，中国经济呈现出持续快速增长，主要得益于工业化进程和对外开放。

我国的工业化发展长期以重工业为主导，并高度依赖大规模的资源投资。

在资本积累和技术进步的推动下，我国经济得以取得长足的发展。

政府连年扩大财政支出，兴建很多大型基础设施建设项目，而且，推动我国经济快速发展的无论是国有企业还是非国有企业，其资本劳动比都在不断提高。

中国经济发展的论文精选中国经济发展在过去几十年间取得了令人瞩目的成就，成为全球最大的经济体之一。

本文选取了几篇关于中国经济发展的论文，从不同的角度分析中国经济的成就、困境以及未来的发展方向。

一、《中国经济快速增长的原因及影响》这篇论文主要研究了中国经济快速增长的原因以及对中国社会和全球经济的影响。

作者指出，中国经济快速增长的原因有多方面，包括政府推动的改革开放政策、专注于制造业的发展、强大的人力资源和市场规模等。

此外，中国经济增长还带来了一系列社会、环境和全球经济的问题，如资源和环境压力、社会差距扩大等。

因此，中国需要继续进行结构性改革和可持续发展，以应对这些挑战。

二、《中国经济转型背景下的创新和创业》这篇论文探讨了中国经济转型背景下创新和创业的重要性及其对经济发展的影响。

作者认为，创新和创业是推动经济发展和转型的重要动力。

在过去几年中，中国政府积极鼓励创新和创业，推出了一系列政策和措施来支持企业家和创业者。

然而，中国的创新能力和创业环境仍然面临一些挑战，如知识产权保护不足、科技创新和高端人才引进不足等。

因此，中国需要继续加强创新和创业的支持，并改善相关的制度和环境，以实现经济转型和可持续发展。

三、《乡村振兴战略对中国农村经济发展的影响》这篇论文研究了乡村振兴战略对中国农村经济发展的影响。

作者指出，乡村振兴战略是中国政府当前重点推动的发展战略，旨在促进农村经济增长、改善农民生活和推动农村社会治理。

通过农村产业升级、农民收入提高和农村基础设施改善等措施，乡村振兴战略在一定程度上推动了中国农村经济的发展。

然而，乡村振兴战略仍面临着一些挑战，如城乡差距、农民技能培训和农村金融服务等问题。

因此，中国需要进一步完善政策措施，加强乡村振兴战略的实施，以实现全面建设小康社会的目标。

四、《中国参与全球贸易的影响及对策》这篇论文探讨了中国参与全球贸易的影响及相关的对策。

作者指出，中国是全球第二大进出口国，对全球贸易有着重要影响力。

中国经济发展的论文精选9篇。

大张旗鼓地宣传双阳经济建设、招商引资成果，让人们从希望中振奋精神、增强信心。

篇一我们除了在广播电视新闻中及时宣传报道双阳经济建设成果和招商引资情况外，还在电视台开辟专栏进行系列宣传，对重点名牌企业进行跟踪报道。

我们曾多次录制播放了阳阳矿泉水、一心药业等企业生产情况，以引导外资投入。

对水泥厂、啤酒厂等企业进行全面宣传报道，鼓励企业为双阳经济发展做贡献。

我国煤炭经济发展策略篇二（一）对煤炭行业进行有效地调整规划要保证我国煤炭经济持续发展，就需要对我国煤炭行业进行有效调整规划，以实现资源优化配置。

在对煤炭行业进行宏观调控过程中，要立足于当前实际市场需求，结合科学发展观念进行调整，优化我国煤炭行业产业结构，使其由粗放型向集约型进行转变，对于那些不符合安全标准小煤矿要进行严格取缔，确保我国煤炭经济安全健康发展。

（二）增强环保意识，促进可持续发展在我国煤炭经济发展过程中，需要增强环保意识来促进煤炭经济可持续发展。

一方面，煤炭企业要加强全体员工环保意识，利用先进科学技术来调整和改善煤矿作业形式，使其朝环保作业方式发展。

另一方面，在实施环保措施过程中要严格取缔粗放型经营煤炭企业，通过加大煤炭产品科技含量来增添煤炭产品附加值。

此外，还要加强对煤矿工人作业过程监督，严厉打击破坏生态环境煤矿开采工作。

（三）深化煤炭企业内部要提高我国煤炭企业市场竞争力，就需要对深化我国煤炭企业内部，通过建立一套科学完善企业管理制度来保证煤炭企业顺利发展。

在现代企业管理制度建立上，要完善法人结构、建立有效管理决策机制，通过打破地域限制，改变分散格局不利影响来发挥大型煤矿企业特殊优势，从总体上增强煤炭产业市场竞争力。

另一方面，煤炭企业也要注意拓展融资渠道，实现投资主体多元化，促进企业又快又好发展。

以新闻为主导，以专题、专栏为辅助，全面宣传双阳经济建设发展成果。

篇三广播电视新闻节目，要盯住双阳经济建设发展变化情况，及时捕捉经济信息，把双阳经济建设最新消息告诉听众和观众，让市民在最短时间内了解自己所在城市经济建设情况，电台、电视台都要继续办好经济建设方面专题和专栏，要系统地宣传区委、区政府发展战略、指导思想和工作目标。

中国经济问题论⽂范⽂3篇分析中国经济问题思考论⽂摘要：⽂章客观地评估了中国当前的经济形势，全⾯地分析了中国经济的基本⾯、隐患点和发展前景，⼤胆地提出了以⾃省为根本途径、以协作为必要条件等拯救经济的⼏点建议，旨在为中国经济的全⾯复苏提供参考。

关键词：中国经济；辩证；⾃省；协作据国际清算银⾏第79届年会年度报告称，“⽬前国际⾦融危机尚未结束，全球许多⾦融机构财务状况仍未好转，⾛出危机的路依然很窄。

”受国际⾦融危机的影响，中国经济的发展遭遇了多年未遇的困难和考验。

⾯对这场危机，也有⼈悲观失望、怨天尤⼈；也有⼈急躁冒进、病急乱投医。

必须尽快对中国经济形势做出正确评估，以⾃省为根本途径，以协作为必要条件，依据⾃⾝实际辨证施治，迎来中国经济的再增长！⼀、辩证看待中国当前的经济形势。

辩证思维⽅式、概率思维⽅式、系统思维⽅式是现代三⼤思维⽅式，辩证的⽅法、分析的⽅法、现象学⽅法和释义学⽅法是现代四⼤思想⽅法。

恩格斯把辩证的⽅法规定为“普遍联系的科学”，列宁称之为“最完整深刻⽽⽆⽚⾯性弊病的关于发展的学说”。

辩证的⽅法是我们正确评估当前经济形势的哲学依据。

从横向看，中国经济的基本⾯是好的，但⽭盾和隐患依然存在。

依据当代经济理论和国际惯例，评估⼀个国家的宏观经济形势有相互联系、相互制约的4项基本指标：第⼀，经济增长率。

2008年世界主要经济体经济增长率为：中国9%、俄罗斯6.8%、美国1.4%、欧元区1.2%、⽇本0.5%，可见中国是最⾼的。

但中国的国情决定经济增长率不能低于8%，⽽今年上半年只有7.1%，下半年“保⼋”⽐较艰巨。

第⼆，失业控制率。

据统计，2004年中国16-65岁劳动年龄⼈⼝为9.09亿，⽐美、⽇、英、德、法、意、加7国总和还多3个亿，随着农民⼯⼈数的增加，这种压⼒更⼤。

近年来，党和政府采取了⼀系列措施，使得中国失业率不是最⾼，却依然是绝对数和压⼒最⼤的国家。

第三，物价上涨率。

中国最近⼏年的物价上涨整体上属于正常的结构性上涨，但这种结构性上涨也会影响城镇居民的⽣活，特别是最近的粮⾷、猪⾁价格上涨。

经济学实证分析课题论文随着全球化的深入发展和信息技术的不断进步，各国间贸易联系日益紧密，国际经济关系也越来越复杂。

本文旨在通过实证分析，探讨贸易自由化对中国经济增长的影响。

首先，本文将运用因果关系的实证方法，通过收集相关数据并进行统计分析，来了解贸易自由化政策对中国经济增长的影响。

通过对贸易自由化政策实施前后中国经济增长情况的比较，可以初步了解贸易自由化政策对中国经济增长的作用。

其次，本文将考察贸易自由化政策在中国经济增长中的作用机制。

通过对相关经济理论的分析，可以初步掌握贸易自由化政策对中国经济增长的内在影响机制。

同时，本文还将运用实证分析方法，探讨贸易自由化政策对中国不同产业和地区的影响差异。

最后，本文将运用国际比较的实证方法，通过对中国与其他国家贸易自由化政策实施前后经济增长情况的比较，来了解贸易自由化政策对中国经济增长的国际影响。

结合国际比较的实证分析结果，可以更加深入地了解贸易自由化政策对中国经济增长的实际影响。

综上所述，本文旨在通过实证分析，探讨贸易自由化对中国经济增长的影响。

通过对贸易自由化政策实施前后中国经济增长情况的比较，考察贸易自由化政策在中国经济增长中的作用机制，并运用国际比较的实证方法来了解贸易自由化政策对中国经济增长的国际影响。

希望本文的研究成果能够为贸易自由化政策的制定和实施提供一定的参考。

在实证分析中，我们将收集中国外贸数据，包括出口和进口的变化情况以及贸易自由化政策实施前后的经济增长率。

通过对这些数据进行经济计量分析，我们可以得出贸易自由化政策对中国经济增长的实际影响。

这将有助于我们更好地理解贸易自由化政策对中国经济的长期效果。

此外，我们还将考虑一些影响因素，例如外部环境变化、国际市场需求波动以及国内经济政策变化等。

通过构建经济增长模型，并结合实际数据进行验证，我们可以更全面地评估贸易自由化政策对中国经济增长的影响。

在考察贸易自由化政策的作用机制时，我们将会着重分析中国不同产业和地区的情况。

论文大焖锅：2016年11月NBER中国经济会议论文速递1.Estimating the Unofficial Income of Officials: The Case of China由于腐败具有非法性和隐蔽性，测量政府官员的非正式收入变得十分困难。

由Yongheng Deng, Shangjin Wei和Jing Wu教授合作撰写的最新工作论文“Estimating the Unofficial Incomeof Officials: The Case of China”提出了一种新的测量方法。

作者假设家庭住房支出与永久性收入之间存在稳定关系，并将永久性收入分解为正式收入和非正式收入。

利用来自住房公积金和社保基金的家庭数据，对修改后的住房支出函数估计结果显示官员的非正式收入与正式收入之比约为67%，且这一比例随着职位级别的上升而快速增大。

2.Can Governments Harvest Connections with Firms? Evidence from China既有的政商关系文献主要讨论企业从寻租活动中的得益，较少关注政府从中可以获取哪些利益。

由Yu-Hsiang Lei教授撰写的最新工作论文“Can Governments Harvest Connections with Firms? Evidence fr本人系天天论文网就职11年的资深论文编辑；工作中与各大医学期刊杂志社进行学术交流过程中建立了稳定的编辑朋友圈，系多家医学杂志社的特约编辑，常年为医学期刊杂志供稿，负责天天论文网医学论文·分检·编校·推送·指导等工作！工作企鹅1:1550116010工作企鹅2：766085044om China”则探究了政府与企业之间的动态、互惠关系。

2001年的分税制改革规定地方政府以2001年地方税收为基数，往后年份实行增量分成，这刺激了地方政府在2001年收取更多的税额。

2023年我国经济学年会会议手册一、介绍2023年我国经济学年会会议手册是一本汇集了我国经济领域最新研究成果和学术观点的重要文献。

会议手册内容全面、深入，旨在促进学术交流和学科发展，对于了解我国经济的现状和未来具有重要意义。

二、主题内容1. 我国经济形势分析2023年我国经济学年会会议手册首先对我国经济的总体形势进行了分析。

包括经济增长、产业结构、就业形势、对外贸易等方面的内容。

在这一部分，学者们对我国经济当前所面临的挑战和机遇进行了深入探讨，提出了许多新颖的见解和观点。

2. 我国经济政策研究除了对我国经济形势进行分析外，2023年我国经济学年会会议手册还收录了大量关于我国经济政策的研究成果。

学者们针对我国当前的宏观经济政策、产业政策、金融政策等方面进行了系统研究，并提出了许多创新性的政策建议。

3. 我国经济领域前沿论文会议手册还收录了许多关于我国经济领域的前沿研究成果和理论探讨。

包括经济增长模式、产业升级、科技创新、人力资源发展等方面的论文。

这些论文涉及到了许多新的理论和观点，对于推动我国经济的发展具有重要的指导意义。

三、总结和展望2023年我国经济学年会会议手册内容丰富，涵盖了我国经济领域的各个方面。

该会议手册深度和广度兼具，为了解我国经济的现状和未来发展提供了重要参考。

笔者个人认为，随着我国经济的日益发展，学术界需要不断深化对我国经济的研究，为我国经济的健康发展提供更多有益的理论支持。

以上所述，便是对2023年我国经济学年会会议手册的全面评估和个人观点。

希望以上内容能够帮助您更全面、深刻地了解相关主题。

知识，等你来答。

我国经济的发展一直备受全球关注，特别是在当前全球经济形势不确定性增加的情况下，我国作为世界第二大经济体，其经济状况对全球经济格局具有重要影响。

2023年我国经济学年会会议手册的发布，对于学术界和经济研究者来说具有重要意义。

本次会议手册汇集了我国经济领域最新研究成果和学术观点，全面地呈现了我国经济的形势、政策和前沿论文，为理解我国经济的现状和未来发展提供了重要参考。

我国经济学年会2023会议手册序号一：我国经济学年会2023会议手册的重要性我国经济学年会是我国经济学会每年举办的重要学术会议，旨在促进我国经济学领域的学术交流和研究成果的展示。

而会议手册作为会议的重要组成部分，承载着会议议程、演讲嘉宾介绍、论文摘要等重要信息，对参会者了解会议内容和组织安排起着至关重要的作用。

序号二：我国经济学年会2023会议手册的内容安排我国经济学年会2023会议手册将包括以下内容：- 学术委员会名单- 会议议程安排- 主题演讲嘉宾介绍- 分论坛议题及演讲人信息- 论文摘要- 会议指南序号三：我国经济学年会2023会议手册的深度评估在深度评估我国经济学年会2023会议手册内容时，我们需要从不同的维度进行分析：1. 学术委员会名单的专业背景和学术水平，以及其对会议内容的贡献；2. 会议议程安排是否能够全面覆盖我国经济学领域的热点议题；3. 主题演讲嘉宾的学术地位和演讲内容的前瞻性；4. 各分论坛议题的针对性和演讲人的学术背景；5. 论文摘要是否能够反映我国经济学领域的最新研究成果；6. 会议指南是否清晰明了，对参会者提供了充分的信息。

通过全面评估我国经济学年会2023会议手册，可以确保参会者能够全面、深入地了解会议的内容和安排，从而更好地参与和交流。

序号四：我国经济学年会2023会议手册的广度评估在广度评估我国经济学年会2023会议手册内容时，我们需要考虑以下方面：1. 会议手册是否能够覆盖我国经济学领域的多个子领域；2. 是否能够涵盖不同学术流派和观点；3. 是否能够吸引国内外知名学者和青年学者的参与；4. 是否能够激发与会者的学术思考和讨论。

通过广度评估，我们可以确保我国经济学年会2023会议手册能够在学术领域中起到引领和交流的作用，促进学术研究的深入发展。

序号五：我国经济学年会2023会议手册的个人观点和理解作为撰写人，我认为我国经济学年会2023会议手册的质量和内容对于会议的成功举办和学术交流具有非常重要的意义。

经济学类论文(5篇)经济学类论文(5篇)经济学类论文范文第1篇依据笔者多年的微积分课程教学体会，目前微积分教学的实际状况不容乐观。

课时少，内容多，老师受教学方案和教学大纲的制约，往往忙于赶进度，不易照看到同学的感受。

课堂教学仍旧是老师讲、同学听的模式，同学没能成为教学过程中的主体，没有真正融入教学过程，同学与老师主客体倒置，这在相当大的程度上降低了同学学学数学的爱好，肯定程度上挫伤了同学的学习乐观性。

教学内容抽象，理论性强，教材偏向于纯数学的理论和计算，同学得到的是一大堆的数学定理、公式，缺乏直观的演示，导致同学对微积分这门课程产生畏难心情。

缺乏数学与经济之间的相互渗透，使同学学习微积分的目的不明确，为学微积分而学微积分，很多同学学完微积分后不会详细应用，从而造成同学的学习爱好不高，教学效果不好，微积分学习形成了一种不良循环。

尤其是新形势下市场经济的快速进展对高校毕业生技能素养提出了更高的要求，经济数学的教学工作必需跟上时展的步伐。

微积分的教学改革势在必行。

2存在问题的缘由分析笔者认为，造成上述状况的缘由是多方面的，大体上可以分为教学内容、教学方法和教学手段等三个方面的缘由。

2．1从教学内容方面看目前的微积分教材非常注意理论的严谨性。

微积分的教学内容和体系长期以来基本沿用过去已形成的相对稳定的固有模式，以传授基本概念、基本理论和基本方法为主要目的。

从内容绽开的层次看，大多仍沿用传统的"概念（定义）定理（结论）例题'固定模式，过分强调了形式倾向严格化的东西，如极限的定义等，注意严密的规律推理和解题技巧，而忽视了微积分教育最本质的东西应是直观化和形象化。

理论介绍缺少实际背景的铺垫。

课堂上同学的思维总是被按部就班地朝着固定的方向引导，往往重视理论学问而忽视了其实际背景和应用价值。

这使同学感到微积分课程特别抽象，特别难学，特别神奇。

2．2从教学方法方面看目前大多数微积分的教学，出于对理论性和学问体系的严谨性考虑，教学方法仍显得抽象而陈旧，讲课中往往过于注意学问的系统传授而忽视了学问的产生和应用背景；偏重符号演算和解题技巧的训练，忽视从直观（主要来自应用和美感）和问题背景方面的引导。

The Effects of Bank Market Share on Profits: It’s Not Just Bank Size that MattersChung-Hua Shen*& Meng-Wen Wu*** National Taiwan University，** National Chengchi UniversityAbout the AuthorsChung-Hua Shen, Department of Finance, National Taiwan University, Phone: 886-2-33611087, Fax: 886-2-33611087, E-mail:chshen01@.twMeng-Wen Wu, Department of Money and Banking, National Chengchi University, Phone: 886-6-3120366, E-mail:g1352509@.twThe Effects of Bank Market Share on Profits: It’s Not Just Bank Size that MattersAbstract This paper investigates whether market share affects profits in the banking industry, a phenomenon that we refer to here as the market share effect. Earlier empirical studies have reported mixed results on this issue but mostly use single country data. We employ data for 44 countries from 1998-2004 to investigate this issue. Furthermore, we postulate five institutional factors--structure, efficiency, regulations, government governance and the wealth of a country--to investigate whether any of them could magnify or mitigate the market share effect. Our results show that while structure moderately fuels the market share effect, efficiency does so to a much greater extent. Regulations on different banking activities generate mixed results. Sound government governance is beneficial to escalates the effect and the wealth of a country strengthens the effect, albeit only modestlyKeywords: Market Share, Bank Concentration, Efficiency, Entry BarrierJEL:D43, G21, G28, G38,I IntroductionStudies as to whether bank market shares have a positive effect on bank profits have been engulfed in controversy. In their seminal work, Buzzell, Gale, Bradley and Sultan (1975) identified 37 factors that could affect a company’s profits, and among the most important is market share.1Brouthers, Hastenbury and V en’s (1998) survey of the factors behind mergers and acquisitions supports this view. And, the report of the Group of Ten (2001, p. 101) also stresses that size is the greatest motivation for mergers, reporting that “although mergers and tie-ups seen thus far may not have an obvious strategic goal, the general conclusion is that “bigger is better”.2In Europe, it can be readily noted that the market shares of the three largest banks have all been on the rise, which suggests that market share is considered critical, even though the reason is controversial (Dymski 1999, Deutsche Bank Research 2004). In Asia, particularly since the 1997 Asian crisis, governments have either forced or encouraged1The report is “Profit Impact of Market Strategies (OIMS)” of the Marketing Science Institute, Harvard Business School.2Based on interviews with bankers, they report that, “Interviewees all agreed that the motives for consolidation are affected by the size of the financial institutions involved.”banks to merge for the purpose of becoming larger. Chong, Liu and Tan (2006), for example, report that Bank Negara Malaysia (Malaysia’s central bank) announced a scheme to force the consolidation of the country’s 58 financial institutions into 10 anchor banks, and they point out that “The main objective of the forced merger scheme was to create bigger banks”. Along similar lines, in 2004, the Taiwan government announced that the goal of its second bank policy reform was to have at least three very large banks, each with a market share exceeding 10%, for a total share of more than 30%.3Simply put, market share is customarily deemed a crucial factor affecting bank profits.While the argument that a larger market share can generate greater profits is widely accepted in the practical field and among authorities, academic empirical research results have been far from conclusive. Solid evidence in support of the notion above can be found in discussing the validity of the hypothesis of structure-conduct-performance (SCP) versus the efficiency-structure (ES) in the earlier period, with the structure proxied by the concentration ratio and the efficiency by the market structure. In this regard, Smirlock (1985) and Evanoff and Fortier (1988), for example, found that market share is positively related to profit. Similarly, using the data of banks in Italy, Belgium, France, Holland and Spain, Molyneux and Forbes (1995) attested to a positive relationship between market share and profits. Berger (1995), slightly recently, argued that any comparison between SCP and ES without taking into account real efficiency estimators may be misspecified. By using the U.S. data, he regarded the concentration ratio and market share as market power, and into the regression, he added two efficiency measures, X-efficiency (Xeff) and scale efficiency (Seff), and his results were still in support of the positive relationship between market share and profit. Similar findings were obtained using European data (Goldberg and Rai, 1996).But it cannot be overlooked that conflicting results providing evidence that smaller market-share or middle-size banks which have better profits have also been reported. Berger and Hannan (1998) proposed the quiet life hypothesis which argues3For more information on Taiwan’s second phase of financial reform, readers are referred to/News/taiwan/archives/2007/05/24/2003362231that managers of large banks tend to opt for an easy way of life and do not pursue profit-maximization because they face little competition. Employing UK banks as their sample, Kosmidou, Pasiouras, Doumpos and Zopounidis (2003) find that smaller banks have economies of scale (EOS) and superior profits. Vennet (1998) found that, unlike large banks with assets greater than 1,000 billion euros, European banks with assets of less than 10 billion euros show evidence of EOS. Other studies of scale economy have also found that the average cost curve in banking has a relatively flat U-shape, with medium-sized banks being slightly more scale efficient. (Mester 1987, Clark 1988, Humphrey 1990, Berger, Hunter, and Timme 1993).Further complicating the issue, still other empirical results have shown that the market shares of banks are not at all related to profits. Using bank data for Switzerland, West Germany and New York, Leo (1984) did not find any significant relationship between market shares and profits. Eichengreen and Gibson (2001) employ Greek bank data, Claeys and V ander Vennet (2003) use European bank data, and Bourke (1989) and Molyneux and Forbes (1995) use the largest banks of 12 European countries, but none find any evidence that the two are related.Given the absence of a broad-based consensus, the purpose of this paper is to break the logjam concerning the relationship between market share and profits, which we refer to as the market share effect hereafter. By most accounts, one of the reasons for the mixed results can be attributed to the different samples that have been used. As Leo (1994) pointed out, the true relation between market share and performance can best be explored by adopting cross-country data. He himself, however, adopted data of only three countries seemingly because of data unavailability. To investigate this issue, this paper improves upon Leo’s efforts by using bank data from 44 countries.The use of cross-country data allows for a more profound, more complete understanding of the reasons for the mixed results since we are able to investigate whether the unique “institutional factors” of individual countries matter or not. This paper proposes five “institutional factors”to investigate which ones could conceivably strengthen or weaken the effects of market share on profits, and therefore, better account for the mixed results. The first two institutional factors are based on theconcepts of SCP and ES that are respectively proxied by the concentration ratio and efficiency.4We hypothesize that the effects of market share are enhanced in more concentrated markets or when banks are more efficient. Worth noting here is that the purpose of this paper is not to examine the validity of SCP vis-à-vis ES per se as typically done in the literature.The remaining three institutional factors here are government governance (hereafter governance), bank restrictions and country wealth, which are often found to strengthen or weaken the relations between financial variables and performance, especially in cross-country studies. For example, Shen and Chang (2005), in a related but slightly different study, found that good governance do have influence on the effect of bank restrictions on performance. Shen and Lee (2006) find that not only governance but also income and region can affect the relationship between growth and financial development. Berger, Demirgüç-Kunt, Levine and Haubrich (2004) maintain that indicators for regulation, entry restrictions and other legal impediments to bank competition have important effects on the relation between banks and economic growth. These five institutional factors are accounted for in details in the next section.Two caveats must be pointed out. The terms ‘large market shares’ and ‘large’are used interchangeably throughout this paper. We recognize that the two underlying concepts are not completely the same. A bank with large market share is usually a large bank but a large bank does not necessarily have a large market share. For example, when a country has many banks, a large bank may not have a large share, such as in the case of the U.S.5Thus, we are cautious in interpreting our results when confusion arises. Next, because of the large number of countries, our estimations may suffer from heteroscedasticity of countries. We have difficulty in using the conventional econometric methods, such as fixed or random effects to remove it owing to the missing data, which causes the panel data to be unbalanced. Thus, we add regional dummies to mitigate this impact.4The proxy for efficiency has a long history. Initially, efficiency was proxied by market shares (Smirlock 1985, and Evanoff and Fortier 1988), but later on, it came to be proxied by Xeff and Seff (Berger, 1995). This paper first uses cost/income as the proxy for efficiecy measure and thus uses Xeff and Seff as the robust testing.5We are told that the market share of each bank is restricted to be less than 10% in U.S.The remainder of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 discusses the five financial institutional factors affecting the relationship between market share and profits. Section 3 presents the econometric model we employ. Section 4 provides the descriptions and sources of the data. Section 5 highlights the empirical analysis of the relationship between market share and profits and shows how it is affected by the five financial institutional factors. Section 6 concludes.2. Financial Institutional Factors2.1 Structure: Concentration Enhancing EffectWe first hypothesize that banks with a large market share are more effective in terms of making a higher profit in a more concentrated market, which we refer to as the concentration enhancing effect. The SCP hypothesis argues that when the concentration ratio increases, banks have greater monopoly power to affect the deposit and loan rates and therefore earn profits. As a case in point, Berger and Hannan (1989) used U.S. data and confirmed that banks in more concentrated markets charge higher rates on small- and medium-sized enterprise loans and pay lower rates on retail deposits. This however stands in contrast to the results of Goldberg and Rai (1996) who found the opposite results when using European data. Gale (1972) divided his sample into high- and low-concentration markets and concluded that large banks in concentrated markets have greater power to affect price. These conflicting empirical evidence are thus worth more studies by using more sample countries. Smirlock’s (1985) study was similar to ours since it considered the interaction terms of market share and concentration ratio6, but it used market share as proxy for efficiency. Smirlock (1985), however, did not employ cross-country data and therefore did not make use ofinstitutional differences.Structure typically refers to the concentration ratio of deposits or the loans of the first three (i.e., k=3) largest banks, which is denoted as CR3. But we also attempt other k=4 and 5.6Smirlock (1985) used the interaction terms of market share and concentration ratio to indirectly test whether the finding-- market concentration has no effect on bank profitability once market share is properly considered-- is due to a potential relationship between market share and monopoly rent- sharing.2.2 Efficiency: Efficiency Enhancing EffectThe efficiency enhancing effect that we introduce here, suggests that the efficiency of bank efficiency can fuel the effect of market shares on profits. This assertion is based on the ES hypothesis that the efficiency of a bank first increases its profitability and then augments its market shares. Berger (1995) used U.S. data and Goldberg and Rai (1996) used European country data and empirically showed that bank efficiency can increase profits. And, in other studies, though they did not use banks as their sample, Lambson (1987) and Hay and Liu (1997) showed that in a competitive market, the efficiency of firms could affect their market share, and subsequently their profits.Two approaches have been used to measure efficiency. The first one involves adopting cost/income. Given his skepticism about the measure of X-efficiency,7 V ennet (2002) adopts the cost/income measure to investigate the efficiency of European banks. He, like most Wall Street analysts and regulators, view this indicator as the key measure of bank efficiency. Also, see Demirgüç-Kunt, Laeven and Levine (2004) for the similar application. The second one is the X-efficiency and Scale-efficiency, which are obtained by estimating a cost function, where the former is the measure of efficiency relative to its peer banks and the latter is a measure of that bank’s own economies of scale (Berger, 1993, 1995). In their survey of 113 papers, Berger and Humphrey (1997) reported that large banks exhibit more about Xeff and less about Seff, which simply means that large banks can still increase profits by improving X-efficiency but are uneasy go gain profits by expanding the scale.This paper first uses cost/income to proxy the efficiency of banks because of its wide acceptance as the measure and the easy calculation. Then, we estimate the cost function of our 44 sample countries to obtain Xeff and Seff that we employ to test for robustness.2.3 Regulation: Uncertain EffectRegulations are a double-edged sword; on the one hand, they deter large banks 7He argues that the standard error of' the estimates from the cost function are not accounted for in the subsequent profit regression.from partaking in tremendously risky activities and protect them from default. In this sense, they enhance the positive effects of large size banks on profits. On the other hand, regulations limit large banks from optimizing their business, such as in highly diversified activities that would otherwise increase risk. In this case, the restrictions mitigate the positive effects of large size banks. Godlewski (2006) supports the former argument, and by contrast, Francisco (2004) holds that banks in countries with stricter regulations have a lower charter value, which ironically enough increases their incentive to adopt risk-laden policies. In short, whether greater restrictions are beneficial to banks may in effect depend on the actual type of regulation.With this in mind, we consider two types of regulatory restrictions. The first set comprises restrictions on banking activities in securities (Restrict_S), insurance(Restrict_I) and real restate (Restrict_E). These three indices measure the degree of regulatory restrictiveness on each activity based on a range of 1 to 4, with a larger number representing greater restrictiveness. That is, the higher the number, the more restrictive the regulation of country is. It is important to note that it is not easy to predict a priori the effects of these restrictions on bank performance, as explained above. For example, Shen and Chang (2005) find that restrictions on securities and insurance reduce banking profits but that restrictions on real estate have the opposite effect. They contend that this is largely because of the high risk of real estate during their sample period; Countries with tighter restrictions on real estate were able to insulate their banks from investing in these falling markets, thus shielding them from bad loans and allowing them to make higher profits. Briefly stated then, the effects of the degree of regulatory restrictiveness in securities (Restrict_S), insurance (Restrict_I) and real restate (Restrict_E) on bank profits are uncertain.In the second type of regulatory restrictions is the entrance restrictions, but they too are at the center of contradictory opinions. One is the view that new entries could be a hindrance to the market, which means that allowing foreign banks or a new local bank to be established increases competition in the market and thus shrinks the profits of existing large banks. Gilbert (1984) shares this view, claiming that when there is unrestricted entry into banking markets, the pricing of banking services mustbe influenced by the threat of entry by firms not already in the market, irrespective of the existing structure of the market. Thus, large banks tend not to monopolize the local market and their monopoly power decreases when the entrance threshold level is low. Evanoff and Fortier (1988) found strong support for the argument that market share matters when markets are characterized with significant entry barriers. The second view--that new entries could be beneficial to the market -- is based on the premise that the entrance of foreign banks increases efficiency and the competitiveness and this on the grounds that they are threatened or can learn more management and governance skills from the new entries. In a similar vein, Berger et al. (2000) propose the global advantage hypothesis that posits that some efficiently managed foreign institutions are able to overcome cross-border disadvantages and operate more efficiently than domestic institutions by disseminating their superior managerial skills or best-practice policies and procedures over more resources, thereby lowering costs. Lensink and Hermes (2004) also maintain that foreign bank entry may lead to positive spill-over effects.8Micco, Panizza and Yanez’s (2004) results provide solid evidence to support this view; they contend that in developing countries, the entry of foreign banks plays an invaluable role by prompting domestic banks to become more efficient in terms of overhead costs and spreads.In the present study, we consider two entrance restrictions, as suggested by Barth et al., (2006). The first pertains to limitations on foreign bank entry/ownership (EntryFor), which measures whether foreign banks are allowed to own domestic banks and whether foreign banks are allowed to partake in a country’s banking industry. Its range is from 0 to 3, with a higher value indicative of greater ease for and fewer restrictions on a foreign bank. The second type of restriction is related to requirements (EntryReq) with respect to various types of legal submissions for a local bank to obtain a banking license. It represents the ease with which a foreign bank can set up as a new local bank and ranges from 0 to 8, where a higher value denote greater8Lensink and Hermes (2004) advocate that, first of all, foreign banks may introduce new financial services and that this may motivate domestic banks to also develop such new services, thereby improving the overall efficiency of financial intermediation in the domestic financial system. Moreover, foreign banks may introduce modern and more efficient banking techniques that are new to domestic banks. These up-to-date banking techniques may be copied. Additionally, foreign banks may help to improve the management of domestic banks, especially if foreign banks directly participate in the management of those domestic banks -- for example, in the case of a joint-venture or take-over.difficulty. The expected sign is uncertain2.4 Government Governance: Governance Enhancing EffectSound government governance is expected to enhance the effect of market shares in that better government governance permits banks to fully devote their time and skills, and this is what we refer to here as the governance enhancing effect. Good governance, which comprises a lower degree of corruption, better law and order, and a more effective legal systemdo indeed reduce transaction costs, strengthen trust and encourage economic agents to become fully committed. Good governance is often found to enhance the relationship between some economic forces. To cite a few examples, it enhances the positive relationship between financial deepening and economic growth (Shen and Lee 2006), reduces the negative effect of restrictions on banking activities in securities (Shen and Chang 2005), and it mitigated the consequences of the Asian financial crisis (Mitton 2002). We hypothesize that good government governance can increase the effects of market shares.9Our three governance indices are the protection of investor (Protect_I), the protection of creditor (Protect_C) and the efficiency of law (LawEff), which are taken from La Porta, Lopez-de-Silanes, Shleifer, and Vishny (hereafter LLSV) (1998). As for the first of these, investors may be better protected when dividend rights are tightly linked to voting rights. We use anti-director rights as the proxy because shareholders exercise their power by voting for directors. In the case of the second governance index, proxied by creditor rights, which are more complex than shareholder rights because the most basic creditor right is the right to repossess and then liquidate or keep collateral and to have a say in reorganization should a loan be in default. As regards the third one, the efficiency of law can serve as a substitute for weak rules since active and well-operated courts can step in and rescue investors should they ever be abused by managers. We use the product of the efficiency of the judicial system and the rule of law as the proxy here. It is expected that a country with a good governance index should have more creditability and less corruption, which9Beck, Demirgüç-Kunt, and Maksimovic (2005) find that firms that operate in underdeveloped systems with higher levels of corruption are affected by all types of hindrance to a greater extent than firms operating in countries with less corruption.may or may not improve banks ’ performance when these banks are restricted with regard to engaging in various activities.2.5 Wealth of Countries: Rich Country EffectA large bank in a rich country tends to have more opportunity to sell its products, which we refer to here as the rich country effect . Neely and Wheelock (1997) found that in the U.S., banks earn higher profits in areas with high GDP per capita. Grigorian and Manole (2002) support this view, claiming that large banks in rich countries earn higher profits by virtue of their superior skills and greater efficiency. Thus, we expect that when a country is more prosperous, it intensifies the effects of market share on profits. We use GDP per capita (GDPper) as the proxy for the wealth of countries.3. Econometric ModelOur model is expressed as follows:kit it kit kit kit kit εααααα+++++=GDPgrow StateOwn L/D MS ROA 43210, (1)Region Z 2101βββα++= (2) whereZ = [Structure, Efficiency, Regulation, Governance, Income ]where k =1,…,K ,N i ,...,1=, T t ,...,1=, and K =1,877 is the number of banks used in this paper, N = 44 is the number of countries, and T =7 is the sample period. The dependent variable, ROA, is the proxy for bank profit, MS is the market share of bank assets, L/D is the ratio of loans over deposits, StateOwn is the shares owned by government and GDPgrow is the GDP growth rate.The five financial institutional factors are summarized in Z: Structure is proxied by the concentration ratio of the three largest banks (CR3) based on deposits; Efficiency is first proxied by Costs / Income, then proxied by Xeff and Seff in our robustness testing; Regulation includes restrictions on banking activity and entry barriers; the former is proxied by restrictions on securities (Restrict_S), on insurance(Restrict_I) and on real estate (Restrict_E); the latter is proxied by limitations on foreign bank entry/ownership (EntryFor) and entry into banking requirements (EntryReq); Governance includes the protection of investor (Protect_I), proxied by anti-director rights, the protection of creditor (Protect_C), proxied by creditor rights, and the efficiency of law (LawEff), proxied by the product of rule of law and efficiency of judicial system; and Income is proxied by GDP per capita (GDPper). Our regional dummy (Region) is catchall variables that are used to control the remaining heterogeneity, including European (Euro for short), North American, Latin American (Latin for short), Asian, and African.We refer to Equation (1) as the basic model and Equations (1) and (2) simultaneously as the extended model. In the basic model, we study whether the α, has a positive or negative effect on bank profit or not. Then, we coefficient of MS,1investigate whether the institutional factors could affectα. The missing data in our1sample cause our panel to be unbalanced, which makes the estimation of the model using the fixed or random effects of the panel difficult. For this reason, we use the simple ordinary least squares (OLS) with White heteroscedasticy errors and weighted least squares (WLS).4. Sources of the Data and Basic StatisticsOur sample banks are taken from 44 countries, where 25 are high-income countries, 8 upper-middle income countries, 7 lower-middle income countries and 4 low-income countries.10The total number of banks is 1,877 banks, comprising commercial banks, saving banks and cooperative banks. The bank financial statement data are primarily based on consolidated data, but unconsolidated data are used when consolidated data are not available. The sample covers the 1998-2004 period.The data used in this study are obtained from a number of different sources. The10The high-income countries comprise Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the U.S.A.; the upper middle-income countries are Argentina, Chile, Malaysia, Mexico, South Africa, Taiwan, Turkey and Uruguay; the lower middle-income countries include Brazil, Colombia, Egypt, Peru, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand; and the low-income countries are India, Kenya, Nigeria and Pakistan.financial variables, i.e. ROA, MS, Cost/Income, L/D and StateOwn, are taken from the Bankscope data set, published by Fitch-IBCA Ltd, and it contains annual balance sheet data for a wide variety of banks;the macro variables GDPper and GDPgrow are taken from the World Development Index (WDI), published by the World Bank; the regulation variables, i.e. restrictions on banking activities and on entry are taken from Barth et al. (2006); and the governance variables, i.e. Protect_I and Protect_C and LawEff, are taken from LLSV. See Table 1 for the definitions and sources of the variables.Table 2 presents the basic statistics of the above variables for the 44 countries. The average values of the dependent variable, ROA, are given in the first column. For all countries, the average is 0.746,and the highest value is for Nigeria (2.019%), followed by Brazil (1.838%) and Kenya (1.782%). The lowest value falls on Thailand (–1.415%) that is just slightly ahead of Uruguay (–0.723%) and Korea (–0.239%).In the second column, MS (market share) shows an average of 3.249%. The three highest ratios are found in Finland (11.722%), New Zealand (11.191%) and Singapore (10.141%), whereas the lowest, in an ascending order, are in the U.S.A.(0.222%), Germany (0.2777%) and Japan (0.296%). The general trend is that MS is greater in Nordic countries and smaller in countries with a large number of banks. The three countries with the highest L/D ratios are South Africa (418.2%), Denmark (323.807%) and Portugal (300.8%), while those with the lowest are Turkey (39.273%), Nigeria (43.5%) and Pakistan (48.6%). As expected, the lending ratios of high-income countries are higher than those of low-income countries.Table 3 reports the basic statistics of market structure (CR3), bank efficiency (Cost/Income), regulation (Restrict_S, Restrict_I, Restrict_R, Entry For, and EntryReq) and economic development (GDPper). The three countries with the highest CR3 are Finland (78.8%), Singapore (66.8%) and Sri Lanka (64.7%), whereas the three with the lowest values are the U.S.A. (12.7%), Japan (18.3%) and Italy (24.8%). The countries with the highest and lowest CR3 are slightly overlapped with those of MS. Reported in the next three columns are the three restrictions on bank activities, the 1998 - 2004 scores of which we average. The averages of Resrict_S, Restrict_E。

中国经济发展论文摘要：本论文旨在分析中国经济发展的现状和趋势，并探讨对中国经济发展的影响因素以及未来发展的挑战和机遇。

通过对中国经济发展的历史回顾和对当前经济数据的分析，我们发现中国经济在过去几十年取得了巨大的成就，成为全球第二大经济体。

然而，中国也面临着一系列的挑战，如人口老龄化、环境污染和经济结构转型等。

为了实现可持续发展，中国政府需要制定合适的政策和措施，促进经济结构调整、创新驱动发展和绿色发展。

1. 引言中国经济在过去几十年取得了惊人的增长速度，成为全球经济的重要参与者和贡献者。

然而，随着经济规模的不断扩大，中国也面临着一系列的挑战和问题。

本论文将从以下几个方面对中国经济发展进行分析和讨论。

2. 中国经济发展的历史回顾中国经济改革开放以来取得了巨大的成就。

通过引进外资、推动市场化改革和加入世界贸易组织等措施，中国成功地实现了经济的快速增长。

特别是在制造业和出口方面，中国成为全球的制造工厂和贸易大国。

3. 中国经济发展的现状和趋势当前，中国经济面临着一些新的挑战。

首先，人口老龄化问题日益突出，给社会保障和养老金体系带来了巨大压力。

其次，环境污染问题严重，对人民健康和可持续发展造成了威胁。

此外，中国经济结构也需要进行转型，从依赖出口和投资驱动转向以消费和创新为主导的经济增长模式。

4. 影响中国经济发展的因素中国经济发展的成功离不开多种因素的影响。

政府的政策支持和改革举措为经济发展提供了有力保障。

外商直接投资和技术引进促进了中国经济的快速增长。

教育和人力资源的发展为经济结构调整和创新提供了坚实基础。

此外，中国的市场规模和消费潜力也为经济发展提供了巨大机遇。

5. 中国经济发展的挑战和机遇中国经济发展面临着一系列的挑战，如经济结构调整、环境污染治理和金融风险防范等。

然而，这些挑战也带来了机遇。

通过推动经济结构调整，中国可以实现更加可持续的发展。

加强环境保护和绿色产业发展可以为中国经济注入新的动力。

经济学研究论文范文案例与分析在经济学领域中，研究论文是学术界中重要的形式之一。

通过分析现有的范文案例，我们可以更好地理解如何撰写一篇符合学术要求的经济学研究论文。

本文将提供一些经济学研究论文范文案例，并对其进行分析和解读。

一、案例一：《市场定价和竞争对电信行业盈利能力的影响》本文选取了市场定价和竞争对电信行业盈利能力的影响作为研究主题。

文章通过归纳过去的研究成果，构建了一个完整的研究框架。

首先，作者详细介绍了电信行业的背景和重要性。

其次，作者提出了研究目的和假设，并设计了一套有效的研究方法。

然后，作者使用统计分析和实证研究，以证明市场定价和竞争对电信行业盈利能力的影响。

最后，作者对研究结果进行了深入的讨论和结论。

这篇论文的优点在于研究思路清晰，研究方法科学合理。

文章的结构合理有序，段落间过渡自然流畅。

此外，作者还充分考虑了背景和重要性，通过具体案例和数据支持，提升了论文的可信度和说服力。

二、案例二：《全球化对发展中国家经济增长的影响：基于中国的实证研究》本文的研究主题是全球化对发展中国家经济增长的影响。

作者采用了实证研究方法，以中国作为研究对象。

文章首先介绍了全球化的概念和发展背景，接着详细讨论了全球化对发展中国家经济增长的理论框架。

然后，作者选择了中国作为实证研究的案例，并使用统计数据和分析模型揭示了全球化对中国经济增长的实际影响。

这篇论文的优点在于研究对象的选择和数据的合理运用。

作者通过充分挖掘和利用大量的统计数据，对研究结果进行了有效的支持和解释。

此外，文章还包含了对全球化的深入理解和批判性思考，从而提供了对发展中国家经济增长的有效分析和理论依据。

三、案例三：《技术创新对经济增长的影响：国际比较和实证分析》本文以技术创新对经济增长的影响为主题，采用了国际比较和实证研究的方法。

文章首先对技术创新的概念和理论进行了详细的阐述，然后通过对多个国家的比较分析，揭示了技术创新对经济增长的重要性和影响机制。

中国经济的形势与政策论文目录一、内容综述 (2)1.1 研究背景与意义 (3)1.2 文献综述 (3)1.3 论文结构安排 (5)二、中国经济形势分析 (6)2.1 经济增长现状 (7)2.2 经济结构调整 (8)2.3 经济周期波动 (10)2.4 面临的挑战与机遇 (11)三、中国经济政策解读 (12)3.1 宏观调控政策 (13)3.2 产业政策 (15)3.3 财政政策 (16)3.4 货币政策 (18)四、政策对中国经济的影响 (19)4.1 政策对经济增长的影响 (20)4.2 政策对产业结构调整的影响 (22)4.3 政策对就业市场的影响 (23)4.4 政策对国际贸易的影响 (24)五、案例分析 (26)5.1 供给侧结构性改革案例 (27)5.2 “一带一路”倡议实施案例 (28)5.3 新兴产业园区发展案例 (29)六、结论与建议 (30)6.1 研究结论 (31)6.2 对未来经济发展的展望 (33)6.3 对政策制定的建议 (34)一、内容综述在当前全球经济格局不断变革的大背景下，中国经济的形势与政策成为国内外学术界和政策制定者关注的焦点。

这篇论文将对中国经济的当前形势以及相关政策进行全面综述。

中国经济已经步入新时代，表现为经济增速由高速增长转向高质量发展阶段。

中国经济形势总体稳定，但也面临着一些挑战和风险。

经济增长速度虽然有所放缓，但依然保持在合理区间，经济结构持续优化，创新动能加快形成。

全球经济形势的不确定性也给中国经济带来了一定的压力和挑战。

面对国内外经济环境的变化，中国政府采取了一系列政策措施来保持经济稳定增长和优化经济结构。

这些政策包括深化改革开放，推动高质量发展，加强创新驱动，优化产业结构，推动区域协调发展等。

政府还加强了对金融、房地产等领域的监管，防范和化解风险。

中国经济的形势和政策是密切相关的，经济发展形势的变化要求政府不断调整和优化经济政策，以适应经济发展的需要。