国际象棋英文ppt

Chess set国际象棋棋具Colour棋色White白方Black黑方Piece棋子KingxxQueen后Rook车Bishop象KnightxxPawn兵Bishop of opposite colours异色格象Bishop of the same colours同色格象Bishop ending象残局Board棋盘Square方格Rank横线File直线Diagonal斜线Centre中心Wing侧翼Check将军Checkmate将杀Mate将杀Stalemate无子可动Discovered check闪将Double check双将Perpetual check长将To give check打将Checkmate将杀To give checkmate杀xx Exchange交换、兑子Move走子Capture吃子Castling王车易位Game对局Opening开局Middlegame中局Ending残局Result战绩Win赢棋Loss负Draw和Resign认输Crosstable成绩表一般指循环制的成绩表Point分Half a point半分Zero零Analysis拆棋Position局面Novelty新招Threat威胁Attack进攻Defence防御Variant变着Combination战术组合Sacrifice弃子Mistake错着Clock棋钟FlagxxTime时间Time trouble时间恐慌Score sheet记录纸Envelopexx信封Master大师Participant参赛者Tournament联赛Match对抗赛Olympaid奥林匹克赛Team队Captain队长Country国家Winner优胜者Champion冠军Drawing of lots抽签Number序号Round轮次To accept a draw接受和棋Adjourned game封局Adjourned position封棋局面Advantage n.优势Decisive advantage决定性优势Material advantage子力优势Obvious advantage明显优势Positional advantage局面优势Development advantage出子优势Space advantage空间优势To get advantage取得优势To have advantage拥有优势Chief arbiter主裁判International arbiter国际裁判National arbiter国家裁判To have the bye轮空Game of chess国际象棋对局Laws of chess国际象棋规则Castle v.王车易位Long castlingxx易位Short castling短易位Centre opening中心开局Central gambit中心弃兵开局Bishops’opening飞象开局Latvian gambit拉脱维亚弃兵开局Kings’gambitxx弃兵局Vienna gamexx开局Phlidor’s defence菲立道尔防御Four knights’game四马开局Italian gamexx开局Evans gambitxx弃兵局Two knights’defence双马防御Scotch gamexx开局Russian defence俄罗斯防御Spanish gamexx布局Caro-kann defence卡罗-康防御Alekhine’s defence阿列亨防御French defencexx防御Sicilian defence西西里防御Queen’s gambit后翼弃兵局Queen’s gambit acepted吃后翼弃兵局Slav defencexx防御Queen’s indian defence新印度防御Catalan system卡塔龙开局Kings indian defence古印度防御English opening英国式开局。

国际象棋英文规则International Chess RulesChess is a strategic board game played between two players on an 8x8 square board, with each player starting with 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns. The objective of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king, meaning the king is in a position to be captured and there is no way to prevent it.Setup:The board is placed with a light and dark square in the right-hand corner of each player. The pieces are set up as follows:- The rooks are placed on the corners.- The knights are placed next to the rooks.- The bishops are placed next to the knights.- The queen is placed on the same color as her pawn, which is placed in the second row from the player.- The king is placed on the remaining square of the row with the queen.- The pawns are placed on the second row, in front of the other pieces.Movement:- King: Moves one square in any direction.- Queen: Moves any number of squares along a rank, file, or diagonal.- Rook: Moves any number of squares along a rank or file.- Bishop: Moves any number of squares diagonally.- Knight: Moves to any of the squares immediately adjacent to it and then makes one further step at a right angle.- Pawn: Moves forward one square, but captures diagonally one square. Pawns have an additional move from their starting position called the double step, where they can move two squares forward if unobstructed.Special Rules:- Castling: The king and one of the rooks can move two squares towards each other, with the king moving to the square next to the rook, and the rook moving to the square the king crossed.- En Passant: When a pawn moves two squares from itsstarting position, and an opponent's pawn could have captured it had it only moved one square forward, the opponent has the option to capture "en passant" as if the pawn had only moved one square.- Promotion: If a pawn reaches the opponent's back rank, it can be promoted to any piece (except a king) of theplayer's choosing.Check and Checkmate:- Check: The king is under attack and in danger of being captured.- Checkmate: The king is in check and there is no legal move to escape capture.End of Game:The game ends when:- A checkmate occurs.- A player resigns, acknowledging defeat.- A draw is declared, which can happen in several ways including stalemate, agreement between players, threefold repetition of a position, or the fifty-move rule where no pawn moves or captures have been made in fifty moves.Etiquette:- It is customary to shake hands before and after the game.- Players should not touch pieces unless they intend to move them.- Once a move is made, it is considered final unless it's an illegal move, in which case the player can correct it.Scoring:The standard point values for pieces are:- Pawn: 1 point- Knight or Bishop: 3 points- Rook: 5 points- Queen: 9 points- King: The king cannot be captured, but the game is won by checkmating the opponent's king.Understanding these rules is essential for playing a game of chess. Mastery, however, comes with practice and strategic thinking.。

国际象棋开局分类（中英文对照）国际象棋开局分类（中英文对照）A00不规则开局Irregular OpeningsA01尼姆佐维奇-拉尔森进攻Nimzovich-Larsen attackA02伯德开局Bird's OpeningA03伯德开局Bird's OpeningA04列蒂开局Reti OpeningA05列蒂开局，2..Nf6Reti Opening, 2..Nf6A06列蒂开局，2..d5Reti Opening, 2..d5A07列蒂开局，王翼印度进攻(巴斯扎体系)Reti Opening, King's Indian attack (Barcza system)A08列蒂开局，王翼印度进攻Reti Opening, King's Indian attackA09列蒂开局，2..d5 3.c4Reti Opening, 2..d5 3.c4A10英吉利开局；(也可英国式开局，下同)English OpeningA11英吉利，卡罗-卡因防御式体系English, Caro-Kann defensive systemA12英吉利，卡罗-卡因防御式体系English, Caro-Kann defensive systemA13英吉利开局English OpeningA14英吉利开局，新卡塔兰拒弃兵English, Neo-Catalan declinedA15英吉利，1…Nf6(盎格鲁-印度防御)English, 1…Nf6 (Anglo-Indian defense)A16英吉利开局English OpeningA17英吉利开局English OpeningA18英吉利，米肯纳斯-卡尔斯变例English, Mikenas-Carls variationA19英吉利，米肯纳斯-卡尔斯，西西里变例English, Mikenas-Carls, Sicilian variation A20英吉利开局English Opening A21英吉利开局English OpeningA22英吉利开局English OpeningA23英吉利开局，布列曼体系，凯列斯变例English Opening, Bremen system, Keres variationA24英吉利开局，3…g6布列曼体系English Opening, Bremen system with 3…g6A25英吉利开局，先手西西里English Opening, Sicilian ReversedA26英吉利开局，封闭体系English Opening, Closed systemA27英吉利开局，三马体系English Opening, Three knights systemA28英吉利开局，四马体系English Opening, Four knights systemA29英吉利开局，四马体系，王翼侧翼象English Opening, Four knights, kingside FianchettoA30英吉利开局，对称变例English Opening, Symmetrical variationA31英吉利开局，对称变例，别诺尼结构English Opening, Symmetrical, Benoni formation A32英吉利开局，对称变例English Opening, SymmetricalA33英吉利开局，对称变例English Opening, SymmetricalA34英吉利开局，对称变例English Opening, SymmetricalA35英吉利开局，对称变例English Opening, SymmetricalA36英吉利开局，对称变例English Opening, SymmetricalA37英吉利开局，对称变例English Opening, SymmetricalA38英吉利开局，对称变例English Opening, SymmetricalA39英吉利开局，对称变例，d4主线English Opening, Symmetrical, Main line with d4 A40后兵开局Queen's pawn A41后兵开局Queen's pawnA42现代防御，阿维尔巴赫体系Modern defense, Averbakh systemA43旧式别诺尼防御Old Benoni defenseA44旧式别诺尼防御Old Benoni defenceA45后兵开局Queen's pawn gameA46后兵开局Queen's pawn gameA47后翼印度防御Queen's Indian defenseA48王翼印度，东印度防御King's Indian, East Indian defense A49王翼印度，侧翼象无c4King's Indian, Fianchetto without c4A50后兵开局Queen's pawn gameA51布达佩斯防御拒弃兵Budapest defense declinedA52布达佩斯防御Budapest defenseA53旧式印度防御Old Indian defenseA54旧式印度防御，乌克兰变例Old Indian, Ukrainian variation A55旧式印度防御，主线Old Indian, Main lineA56别诺尼防御Benoni defenseA57平科弃兵；伏尔加弃兵Benko gambitA58平科接受弃兵Benko gambit acceptedA59平科弃兵，7.e4Benko gambit, 7.e4A60别诺尼防御Benoni defenseA61别诺尼防御Benoni defenseA62别诺尼，侧翼象变例Benoni, Fianchetto variationA63别诺尼，侧翼象变例，9…Nbd7Benoni, Fianchetto variation, 9…Nbd7A64别诺尼，侧翼象变例，11…Re8Benoni, Fianchetto variation, 11…Re8A65别诺尼，6.e4Benoni, 6.e4A66别诺尼，兵涛变例Benoni, pawn storm variationA67别诺尼，泰曼诺夫变例Benoni, T aimanov variationA68别诺尼，四兵进攻Benoni, Four pawns attackA69别诺尼，四兵进攻，主线Benoni, Four pawns attack, Main lineA70别诺尼，e4和Nf3古典变例Benoni, Classical with e4 and Nf3A71别诺尼，古典变例，8.Bg5Benoni, Classical, 8.Bg5A72别诺尼，古典变例无9.O-OBenoni, Classical without 9.O-OA73别诺尼，古典变例，9.O-OBenoni, Classical, 9.O-OA74别诺尼，古典变例，9...a6, 10.a4Benoni, Classical, 9 (6)10.a4A75别诺尼，…a6和10…Bg4古典变例Benoni, Classical with …a6 and 10…Bg4A76别诺尼，古典变例，9…Re8Benoni, Classical, 9…Re8A77别诺尼，古典变例，9…Re8, 10.Nd2Benoni, Classical, 9…Re8, 10.Nd2A78别诺尼，…Re8和…Na6古典变例Benoni, Classical with …Re8 and …Na6A79别诺尼，古典变例，11.f3Benoni, Classical, 11.f3A80荷兰防御DutchA81荷兰防御Dutch defenseA82荷兰防御，斯汤顿弃兵Dutch, Staunton gambitA83荷兰防御，斯汤顿弃兵，斯汤顿的变化Dutch, Staunton gambit, Staunton's lineA84荷兰防御Dutch defenseA852.c4和3.Nc3荷兰防御Dutch with 2.c4 & 3.Nc3A862.c4和3.g3荷兰防御Dutch with 2.c4 & 3.g3A87荷兰防御，列宁格勒，主变Dutch, Leningrad, Main variationA88荷兰防御，列宁格勒7…c6主变Dutch, Leningrad, Mainvariation with 7…c6A89荷兰防御，列宁格勒Nc6主变Dutch, Leningrad, Main variation with Nc6A90荷兰防御Dutch defenseA91荷兰防御Dutch defenseA92荷兰防御Dutch defenseA93荷兰防御，石墙，鲍特维尼克变例Dutch, Stonewall, Botwinnik variationA94荷兰防御Ba3石墙Dutch, Stonewall with Ba3A95荷兰防御Nc3石墙Dutch, Stonewall with Nc3A96荷兰防御，古典变例Dutch, Classical variationA97荷兰防御，伊尔因-热涅夫斯基变例Dutch, Ilyin-Genevsky variationA98荷兰防御，Qc2伊尔因-热涅夫斯基变例Dutch, Ilyin-Genevsky variation with Qc2 A99荷兰防御，b3伊尔因-热涅夫斯基变例Dutch, Ilyin-Genevsky variation with b3B00王兵开局King's pawn OpeningB01斯堪地维纳亚(中心反击)中心防御Scandinavian (centercounter) center defenseB02阿廖欣防御Alekhine's defenseB03阿廖欣防御Alekhine's defenseB04阿廖欣防御，现代变例Alekhine's defense, Modern variationB05阿廖欣防御，现代变例，4…Bg4Alekhine's defense, Modern variation, 4...Bg4B06罗巴特什(现代)防御Robatsch (Modern) defenseB07皮尔茨防御；乌菲姆采夫防御Pirc defenseB08皮尔茨，古典(双马)方案Pirc, Classical (Two knights) systemB09皮尔茨(乌菲姆采夫)，奥地利进攻Pirc, Austrian attackB10卡罗-卡恩防御Caro-Kann defenseB11卡罗-卡恩防御，双马，3…Bg4Caro-Kann, Two knights, 3...Bg4B12卡罗-卡恩防御Caro-Kann defenseB13卡罗-卡恩防御，兑换变例Caro-Kann, Exchange variation B14卡罗-卡恩防御，帕诺夫-鲍特维尼克进攻，5…e6Caro-Kann, Panov-Botvinnik attack, 5...e6B15卡罗-卡恩防御Caro-Kann defenseB16卡罗-卡恩防御，布龙斯坦-拉尔森变例Caro-Kann, Bronstein-Larsen variationB17卡罗-卡恩防御，斯坦尼茨变例Caro-Kann, Steinitz variationB18卡罗-卡恩防御，古典变例Caro-Kann, Classical variation B19卡罗-卡恩防御，古典变例，7…Nd7Caro-Kann, Classical, 7...Nd7B20西西里防御Sicilian defenseB21西西里防御，格兰披治进攻Sicilian, Grand Prix attackB22西西里防御，阿拉宾变例(2.c3)Sicilian, Alapin's variation (2.c3)B23西西里防御，封闭式Sicilian, ClosedB24西西里防御，封闭式Sicilian, ClosedB25西西里防御，封闭式Sicilian, ClosedB26西西里防御，封闭式，6.Be3Sicilian, Closed, 6.Be3B27西西里防御Sicilian defenseB28西西里防御，奥凯利变例Sicilian, O'Kelly variationB29西西里防御，尼姆佐维奇-鲁宾斯坦变例Sicilian, Nimzovich-Rubinstein variation B30西西里防御Sicilian defenseB31西西里防御，尼姆佐维奇-罗索里莫(带…g6，无…d6)Sicilian, Nimzovich-Rossolimo attack (with …g6, without …d6).B32西西里防御Sicilian defenseB33西西里防御Sicilian defenseB34西西里防御，加速侧翼象，兑换变例Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Exchange variationB35西西里防御，加速侧翼象，现代变例带Bc4Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Modern variation with Bc4B36西西里防御，加速侧翼象，马洛契绑定Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Maroczy bindB37西西里防御，加速侧翼象，马洛契绑定，5…Bg7Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, M aroczy bind,5…Bg7B38西西里防御，加速侧翼象，马洛契绑定，6.Be3Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Maroczy bind,6.Be3B39西西里防御，加速侧翼象，布列热尔变例Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Breyer variationB40西西里防御Sicilian defenseB41西西里防御，卡恩变例Sicilian, Kan variationB42西西里防御，卡恩变例，5.Bd3Sicilian, Kan, 5.Bd3B43西西里防御，卡恩变例，5.Nc3Sicilian, Kan, 5.Nc3B44西西里防御Sicilian defenseB45西西里防御，泰曼诺夫变例Sicilian, Taimanov variationB46西西里防御，泰曼诺夫变例Sicilian, Taimanov variationB47西西里防御，泰曼诺夫(巴斯切科夫)变例Sicilian, Taimanov (Bastrikov) variation B48西西里防御，泰曼诺夫变例Sicilian, Taimanov variationB49西西里防御，泰曼诺夫变例Sicilian, Taimanov variationB50西西里防御SicilianB51西西里防御，卡纳尔-索科尔斯基(尼姆佐维奇-罗索里莫，莫斯科)进攻Sicilian, Canal-Sokolsky (Nimzovich-Rossolimo, Moscow) attackB52西西里防御，卡纳尔-索科尔斯基进攻，3…Bd7Sicilian, Canal-Sokolsky attack, 3...Bd7B53西西里防御，切克霍夫变例Sicilian, Chekhover variationB54西西里防御SicilianB55西西里防御，普宁斯变例，威尼斯进攻Sicilian, Prins variation, Venice attack B56西西里防御，SicilianB57西西里防御，索金(非舍文宁根)Sicilian, Sozin (not Scheveningen)B58西西里防御，古典式Sicilian, ClassicalB59西西里防御，布列斯拉夫斯基变例，7.Nb3Sicilian, Boleslavsky variation, 7.Nb3 B60西西里防御，里赫特尔-劳泽尔Sicilian, Richter-RauzerB61西西里防御，里赫特尔-劳泽尔，拉尔森变例，7.Qd2Sicilian, Richter-Rauzer, Larsen variation, 7.Qd2B62西西里防御，里赫特尔-劳泽尔，6…e6Sicilian, Richter-Rauzer, 6...e6B63西西里防御，里赫特尔-劳泽尔，劳泽尔进攻Sicilian, Richter-Rauzer, Rauzer attack B64西西里防御，里赫特尔-劳泽尔，劳泽尔进攻，7…Be7防御，9.f4Sicilian,Richter-Rauzer, Rauzer attack, 7...Be7 defense, 9.f4B65西西里防御，里赫特尔-劳泽尔，劳泽尔进攻，7…Be7防御，9…Nxd4Sicilian, Richter-Rauzer, Rauzer attack, 7...Be7 defense, 9...Nxd4B66西西里防御，里赫特尔-劳泽尔，劳泽尔进攻，7…a6Sicilian, Richter-Rauzer, Rauzer attack, 7...a6B67西西里防御，里赫特尔-劳泽尔，劳泽尔进攻，7…a6防御，8…Bd7Sicilian,Richter-Rauzer, Rauzer attack, 7...a6 defense, 8...Bd7B68西西里防御，里赫特尔-劳泽尔，劳泽尔进攻，7…a6防御，9…e7Sicilian,Richter-Rauzer, Rauzer attack, 7...a6 defense, 9...Be7B69西西里防御，里赫特尔-劳泽尔，劳泽尔进攻，7…a6防御，11.Bxf6Sicilian, Richter-Rauzer, Rauzer attack, 7...a6 defense, 11.Bxf6B70西西里防御，龙式变例Sicilian, Dragon variationB71西西里防御，龙式变例，列文菲舍变例Sicilian, Dragon, Levenfish variationB72西西里防御，龙式变例，6.Be3Sicilian, Dragon, 6.Be3B73西西里防御，龙式变例，古典式，8.0-0Sicilian, Dragon, Classical, 8.O-OB74西西里防御，龙式变例，古典式，9.Nb3Sicilian, Dragon, Classical, 9.Nb3B75西西里防御，龙式变例，南斯拉夫进攻Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav attackB76西西里防御，龙式变例，南斯拉夫进攻，7…0-0Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav attack, 7...O-OB77西西里防御，龙式变例，南斯拉夫进攻，9.Bc4Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav attack, 9.Bc4B78西西里防御，龙式变例，南斯拉夫进攻，10.O-O-OSicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav attack, 10.O-O-OB79西西里防御，龙式变例，南斯拉夫进攻，12.h4Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav attack, 12.h4B80西西里防御，舍文宁根变例Sicilian, Scheveningen variationB81西西里防御，舍文宁根变例，凯列斯进攻Sicilian, Scheveningen, Keres attackB82西西里防御，舍文宁根变例，6.f4Sicilian, Scheveningen, 6.f4B83西西里防御，舍文宁根变例，6.Be2Sicilian, Scheveningen, 6.Be2B84西西里防御，舍文宁根变例(保尔森)，古典变例Sicilian, Scheveningen (Paulsen), Classical variationB85西西里防御，舍文宁根变例，古典变例带…Qc7和…Nc6Sicilian, Scheveningen, Classical variation with ...Qc7 and ...Nc6B86西西里防御，索金进攻Sicilian, Sozin attackB87索金进攻带…a6和…b5Sozin with ...a6 and ...b5B88西西里防御，索金，列昂哈德变例Sicilian, Sozin, Leonhardt variationB89西西里防御，索金，7.Be3Sicilian, Sozin, 7.Be3B90西西里防御，纳道尔夫变例Sicilian, NajdorfB91西西里防御，纳道尔夫变例，侧翼象变例Sicilian, Najdorf, Zagreb (Fianchetto)variationB92西西里防御，纳道尔夫变例，侧翼象变例Sicilian, Najdorf, Zagreb (Fianchetto) variationB93西西里防御，纳道尔夫变例，6.f4Sicilian, Najdorf, 6.f4B94西西里防御，纳道尔夫变例，6.Bg5Sicilian, Najdorf, 6.Bg5 B95西西里防御，纳道尔夫变例，6…e6Sicilian, Najdorf, 6...e6 B96西西里防御，纳道尔夫变例，7.f4Sicilian, Najdorf, 7.f4B97西西里防御，纳道尔夫变例，7…Qb6Sicilian, Najdorf, 7...Qb6B98西西里防御，纳道尔夫变例，7…Be7Sicilian, Najdorf, 7...Be7B99西西里防御，纳道尔夫变例，7…Be7主线Sicilian, Najdorf, 7...Be7 Main lineC00法兰西防御French defenseC01法兰西防御，兑换变例French, Exchange variationC02法兰西防御，推进变例French, Advance variationC03法兰西防御，塔拉什French, TarraschC04法兰西防御，塔拉什，吉马德主线French, Tarrasch, Guimard Main lineC05法兰西防御，塔拉什，封闭变例French, Tarrasch, Closed variationC06法兰西防御，塔拉什，封闭变例，主线French, Tarrasch, Closed variation, Main line C07法兰西防御，塔拉什，开放变例French, Tarrasch, Open variationC08法兰西防御，塔拉什，开放变例，4.exd5 exd5French, Tarrasch, Open, 4.exd5 exd5 C09法兰西防御，塔拉什，开放变例，主线French, Tarrasch, Open variation, Main line C10法兰西防御，保尔森变例French, Paulsen variationC11法兰西防御French defenseC12法兰西防御，迈克卡西昂变例French, MacCutcheon variationC13法兰西防御，古典French, ClassicalC14法兰西防御，古典变例French, Classical variationC15法兰西防御，温纳维尔(尼姆佐维奇)变例French, Winawer (Nimzovich) variationC16法兰西防御，温纳维尔，推进变例French, Winawer, Advance variationC17法兰西防御，温纳维尔，推进变例French, Winawer, Advance variationC18法兰西防御，温纳维尔，推进变例French, Winawer, Advance variationC19法兰西防御，温纳维尔，推进变例，6…Ne7French, Winawer, Advan ce, 6...Ne7C20王兵开局King's pawn gameC21中心开局；丹麦弃兵center gameC22中心开局center gameC23飞象开局Bishop's OpeningC24飞象开局，柏林防御Bishop's Opening, Berlin defenseC25维也纳开局Vienna gameC26维也纳开局，佛克比尔变例Vienna, Falkbeer variationC27维也纳开局Vienna gameC28维也纳开局Vienna gameC29维也纳开弃兵，考夫曼变例Vienna gambit, Kaufmann variationC30王兵开局King's gambitC31拒王翼弃兵，佛克比尔反弃兵KGD, Falkbeer counter-gambitC32拒王翼弃兵，佛克比尔，5. Dxe4KGD, Falkbeer, 5. dxe4C33接受王翼弃兵King's gambit acceptedC34王翼马弃兵King's knight's gambitC35接受王翼弃兵，科宁汉姆防御KGA, Cunningham defense C36接受王翼弃兵，阿巴西亚防御(古典防御，现代防御)KGA, Abbazia defense (Classical defense, Modern defense) C37接受王翼弃兵，科沃爱德弃兵KGA, Quaade gambitC38王翼马弃兵King's knight's gambitC39王翼马弃兵King's knight's gambitC40王翼马开局King's knight OpeningC41菲利多尔防御Philidor's defenseC42俄罗斯防御；彼得罗夫防御Petrov's defenseC43俄罗斯防御(斯坦尼茨)进攻Petrov, Modern (Steinitz) attack C44王兵开局King's pawn gameC45苏格兰开局Scotch gameC46三马开局Three knights gameC47四马开局，苏格兰变例Four knights, Scotch variationC48四马开局，西班牙变例Four knights, Spanish variationC49四马开局，“双”路?洛佩兹Four knights, double Ruy LopezC50王兵开局King's pawn gameC51拒伊文斯弃兵Evans gambit declinedC52伊文斯弃兵Evans gambitC53瑞高钢琴Giuoco pianoC54瑞高钢琴Guioco pianoC55双马防御Two knights defenseC56双马防御Two knights defenseC57双马防御Two knights defenseC58双马防御Two knights defenseC59双马防御Two knights defenseC60西班牙开局(路易?洛佩兹)Ruy LopezC61西班牙开局，伯德防御Ruy Lopez, Bird's defenseC62西班牙开局，旧式斯坦尼茨防御Ruy Lopez, Old Steinitz defenceC63西班牙开局，舒切里曼防御Ruy Lopez, Schilemann defenseC64西班牙开局，古典(柯德尔)防御Ruy Lopez, Classical (Cordel) defenceC65西班牙开局，柏林防御Ruy Lopez, Berlin defenseC66西班牙开局，柏林防御，4.O-O, d6Ruy Lopez, Berlin defence, 4.O-O, d6C67西班牙开局，柏林防御，开放变例Ruy Lopez, Berlin defence, Open variationC68西班牙开局，兑换变例Ruy Lopez, Exchange variationC69西班牙开局，兑换变例，5.O-ORuy Lopez, Exchange variation, 5.O-OC70西班牙开局Ruy Lopez,C71西班牙开局，现代斯坦尼茨防御Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz defenseC72西班牙开局，现代斯坦尼茨防御5.0-0Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz defense 5.0-0 C73西班牙开局，现代斯坦尼茨防御，里赫特尔变例Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz defense, Richter variationC74西班牙开局，现代斯坦尼茨防御Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz defenseC75西班牙开局，现代斯坦尼茨防御Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz defenseC76西班牙开局，现代斯坦尼茨防御，侧翼象(布龙斯坦)防御Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz defense, Fianchetto (Bronstein) variation C77西班牙开局，摩菲防御Ruy Lopez, Morphy defenceC78西班牙开局，5.O-ORuy Lopez, 5.O-OC79西班牙开局，延迟斯坦尼茨防御(俄罗斯防御)Ruy Lopez, Steinitz defense deferred (Russian defence)C80西班牙开局，开放(塔拉什)防御Ruy Lopez, Open (Tarrasch) defenceC81西班牙开局，开放，霍维尔防御Ruy Lopez, Open, Howell attackC82西班牙开局，开放， 9.c3Ruy Lopez, Open, 9.c3C83西班牙开局，开放，古典防御Ruy Lopez, Open, Classical defenceC84西班牙开局，封闭防御Ruy Lopez, Closed defenseC85西班牙开局，兑换变例双重延迟Ruy Lopez, Exchange variation doubly deferred (DERLD)C86沃罗尔进攻Worrall attackC87西班牙开局，封闭，阿维尔巴赫变例Ruy Lopez, Closed, Averbach variationC88西班牙开局，封闭Ruy Lopez, ClosedC89西班牙开局，马歇尔反击Ruy Lopez, Marshall counter-attackC90西班牙开局，封闭(带...d6)Ruy Lo pez, closed (with (6)C91西班牙开局，封闭，9.d4Ruy Lopez, closed, 9.d4C92西班牙开局，封闭，9.d4Ruy Lopez, closed, 9.d4C93西班牙开局，封闭，斯梅斯洛夫防御Ruy Lopez, closed,Smyslov defenseC94西班牙开局，封闭，布列热尔防御Ruy Lopez, Closed, Breyer defenseC95西班牙开局，封闭，布列热尔防御，10.d4Ruy Lopez, closed, Breyer, 10.d4C96西班牙开局，封闭，8…Na5Ruy Lopez, closed, 8...Na5C97西班牙开局，封闭，奇戈林防御Ruy Lopez, Closed, Chigorin defenseC98西班牙开局，封闭，奇戈林防御，12…Nc6Ruy Lopez, Closed, Chigorin, 12...Nc6C99西班牙开局，封闭，奇戈林防御，12…c5d4Ruy Lopez, Closed, Chigorin, 12...c5d4 D00后兵开局Queen's pawn game D01里赫特尔-威列索夫进攻Richter-Veresov attackD02后兵开局，2. Nf3Queen's pawn game, 2. Nf3D03托列进攻，塔塔科维变例Torre attack, Tartakower variationD04后兵开局Queen's pawn gameD05后兵开局，楚克尔托特变例Queen's pawn game, Zukertort variationD06后翼弃兵Queen's GambitD07拒后翼弃兵，奇戈林防御QGD; Chigorin defenseD08拒后翼弃兵，阿尔宾反弃兵QGD; Albin counter-gambitD09拒后翼弃兵，阿尔宾反弃兵，5.g3QGD; Albin counter-gambit, 5.g3D10拒后翼弃兵，斯拉夫防御QGD; Slav defenseD11拒后翼弃兵，斯拉夫防御，3.Nf3QGD; Slav defense, 3.Nf3 D12拒后翼弃兵，斯拉夫防御，4.e3 Bf5QGD; Slav defense, 4.e3 Bf5D13拒后翼弃兵，斯拉夫防御，兑换变例QGD; Slav defense, Exchange variationD14拒后翼弃兵，斯拉夫防御，兑换变例QGD; Slav defense, Exchange variationD15拒后翼弃兵，斯拉夫接受，兑换变例，6.Bf4 Bf5QGD; Slav accepted, Exchange variation, 6.Bf4 Bf5D16拒后翼弃兵，斯拉夫接受，阿拉宾变例QGD; Slav accepted, Alapin variation D17拒后翼弃兵，斯拉夫防御，捷克防御QGD; Slav defense, Czech defenceD18拒后翼弃兵，荷兰变例QGD; Dutch variationD19拒后翼弃兵，荷兰变例QGD; Dutch variationD20接受后翼弃兵Queen's Gambit acceptedD21接受后翼弃兵，3.Nf3QGA, 3.Nf3D22接受后翼弃兵，阿廖欣防御QGA; Alekhine defenseD23接受后翼弃兵Queen's gambit acceptedD24接受后翼弃兵，4.Nc3QGA, 4.Nc3D25接受后翼弃兵，4.e3QGA, 4.e3D26接受后翼弃兵，古典变例QGA; classical variationD27接受后翼弃兵，古典变例QGA; classical variationD28接受后翼弃兵，古典变例7.Qe2QGA; Classical variation 7.Qe2D29接受后翼弃兵，古典变例8…Bb7QGA; Classical variation 8…Bb7D30拒后翼弃兵QGDD31拒后翼弃兵，3.Nc3QGD, 3.Nc3D32拒后翼弃兵，塔拉什防御QGD; T arrasch defenseD33拒后翼弃兵，塔拉什防御，施莱切特-鲁宾斯坦体系QGD; Tarrasch,Schlechter-Rubinstein systemD34拒后翼弃兵，塔拉什防御，7…Be7QGD; Tarrasch, 7…Be7D35拒后翼弃兵，3…Nf6QGD; 3…Nf6D36拒后翼弃兵，兑换，局面路线，6.Qc2QGD; Exchange,positional line, 6.Qc2 D37拒后翼弃兵，4.Nf3QGD; 4.Nf3 D38拒后翼弃兵，拉戈金变例QGD; Ragozin variationD39拒后翼弃兵，拉戈金，维也纳变例QGD; Ragozin, Vienna variationD40拒后翼弃兵，半塔拉什防御，QGD; Semi-Tarrasch defense D41拒后翼弃兵，半塔拉什防御，5.cdQGD; Semi-Tarrasch, 5.cdD42拒后翼弃兵，半塔拉什防御，7.Bd3QGD; Semi-Tarrasch, 7.Bd3D43拒后翼弃兵，半斯拉夫QGD; Semi-SlavD44拒后翼弃兵，半斯拉夫 5.Bg5 dcQGD; Semi-Slav 5.Bg5 dc D45拒后翼弃兵，半斯拉夫 5.e3QGD; Semi-Slav 5.e3D46拒后翼弃兵，半斯拉夫 6.Bd3QGD; Semi-Slav 6.Bd3D47拒后翼弃兵，半斯拉夫 7.Bc4QGD; Semi-Slav 7.Bc4D48拒后翼弃兵，梅兰，8…a6QGD; Meran, 8…a6D49拒后翼弃兵，梅兰，11. Nxb5QGD; Meran, 11. Nxb5D50拒后翼弃兵，4.Bg5QGD; 4.Bg5D51拒后翼弃兵，4.Bg5 Nbd7QGD; 4.Bg5 Nbd7D52拒后翼弃兵，QGDD53拒后翼弃兵，4.Bg5 Be7QGD; 4.Bg5 Be7D54拒后翼弃兵，反新正统变例QGD; Anti-neo-Orthodox variationD55拒后翼弃兵，6.Nf3QGD; 6.Nf3D56拒后翼弃兵，拉斯克防御QGD; Lasker defenseD57拒后翼弃兵，拉斯克防御，主线QGD; Lasker defense, Main lineD58拒后翼弃兵，塔塔科维(马卡贡诺夫-邦达列夫斯基)体系QGD; Tartakower(Makagonov-Bondarevsky) systemD59拒后翼弃兵，拒后翼弃兵，塔塔科维(马卡贡诺夫-邦达列夫斯基)体系，8.cd Nxd5QGD; Tartakower (Makagonov-Bondarevsky) system, 8.cd Nxd5D60拒后翼弃兵，正统防御QGD; Orthodox defenseD61拒后翼弃兵，正统防御，鲁宾斯坦变例QGD; Orthodox defense, Rubinstein variation D62拒后翼弃兵，正统防御，7.Qc2 c5, 8.cd(鲁宾斯坦)QGD; Orthodox defense, 7.Qc2 c5, 8.cd (Rubinstein)D63拒后翼弃兵，正统防御，7.Rc1QGD; Orthodox defense, 7.Rc1D64拒后翼弃兵，正统防御，鲁宾斯坦进攻(带Rc1)QGD; Orthodox defense, Rubinstein attack (with Rc1)D65拒后翼弃兵，正统防御，鲁宾斯坦进攻，主线QGD; Orthodox defense, Rubinstein attack, Main lineD66拒后翼弃兵，正统防御，Bd3 路线QGD; Orthodox defense, Bd3 lineD67拒后翼弃兵，正统防御，Bd3 路线，卡帕布兰卡QGD; Orthodox defense, Bd3 line, Capablanca freeing manoever D68拒后翼弃兵，正统防御，古典变例QGD; Orthodox defense, Classical variationD69拒后翼弃兵，正统防御，古典，13.dxe5QGD; Orthodox defense, Classical, 13.dxe5 D70新格林菲尔德防御Neo-Gruenfeld defenseD71新格林菲尔德防御，5.cdNeo-Gruenfeld, 5.cdD72新格林菲尔德防御，5.cd，主线Neo-Gruenfeld, 5.cd, Main lineD73新格林菲尔德防御，5.Nf3Neo-Gruenfeld, 5.Nf3D74新格林菲尔德防御，6.cd Nxd5, 7.O-ONeo-Gruenfeld, 6.cd Nxd5, 7.O-OD75新格林菲尔德防御，6.cd Nxd5，7.O-O c5，8.Nc3Neo-Gruenfeld, 6.cd Nxd5, 7.O-O c5, 8.Nc3D76新格林菲尔德防御，6.cd Nxd5，7.O-O Nb6Neo-Gruenfeld, 6.cd Nxd5, 7.O-O Nb6D77新格林菲尔德防御，6.O-ONeo-Gruenfeld, 6.O-OD78新格林菲尔德防御，6.O-O c6Neo-Gruenfeld, 6.O-O c6D79新格林菲尔德防御，6.O-O，主线Neo-Gruenfeld, 6.O-O, Main lineD80格林菲尔德防御Gruenfeld defenseD81格林菲尔德防御，俄罗斯变例Gruenfeld; Russian variation D82格林菲尔德防御，4.Bf4Gruenfeld 4.Bf4D83格林菲尔德弃兵Gruenfeld gambitD84格林菲尔德防御接受弃兵Gruenfeld gambit acceptedD85格林菲尔德防御，兑换变例Gruenfeld, exchange variation D86格林菲尔德防御，兑换，古典变例Gruenfeld, Exchange, Classical variationD87格林菲尔德防御，兑换，斯帕斯基变例Gruenfeld, Exchange, Spassky variationD88格林菲尔德防御，斯帕斯基变例，主线，10…cd，11.cdGruenfeld, Spassky variation, Main line, 10…cd, 11.cdD89格林菲尔德防御，斯帕斯基变例，主线，13.Bd3Gruenfeld, Spassky variation, Main line, 13.Bd3D90格林菲尔德防御，三马变例Gruenfeld, Three knights variationD91格林菲尔德防御，三马变例Gruenfeld, Three knights variationD92格林菲尔德防御，5.Bf4Gruenfeld, 5.Bf4D93格林菲尔德防御带5. Bf4 O-O 6. E3Gruenfeld with 5. Bf4 O-O 6. E3D94格林菲尔德防御，5.e3Gruenfeld, 5.e3D95格林菲尔德防御带5. E3 O-O 6. Qb3Gruenfeld with 5. E3 O-O 6. Qb3D96格林菲尔德防御，俄罗斯变例Gruenfeld, Russian variation D97格林菲尔德防御，俄罗斯变例带7. E4Gruenfeld, Russian variation with 7. E4D98格林菲尔德防御，俄罗斯，斯梅斯洛夫变例Gruenfeld, Russian, Smyslov variation D99格林菲尔德防御，斯梅斯洛夫，主线Gruenfeld defense, Smyslov, Main lineE00后兵开局Queen's pawn gameE01卡塔兰(加泰罗尼亚)，封闭Catalan, closedE02卡塔兰，开放，5.Qa4Catalan, open, 5.Qa4E03卡塔兰，开放，阿廖欣变例Catalan, open, Alekhine variationE04卡塔兰，开放，5.Nf3Catalan, Open, 5.Nf3E05卡塔兰，开放，古典路线Catalan, Open, Classical lineE06卡塔兰，封闭，5.Nf3Catalan, Closed, 5.Nf3E07卡塔兰，封闭，6…Nbd7C atalan, Closed, 6...Nbd7E08卡塔兰，封闭，7.Qc2Catalan, Closed, 7.Qc2E09卡塔兰，封闭，主线Catalan, Closed, Main lineE10后兵开局 3. Nf3Queen's pawn game 3. Nf3E11波刚-印度防御Bogo-Indian defenseE12后翼印度防御Queen's Indian defenseE13后翼印度防御，4.Nc3，主线Queen's Indian, 4.Nc3, Main lineE14后翼印度防御，4.e3Queen's Indian, 4.e3E15后翼印度防御，4.g3Queen's Indian, 4.g3E16后翼印度防御，卡帕布兰卡变例Queen's Indian, Capablanca variationE17后翼印度防御，5.Bg2 Be7Queen's Indian, 5.Bg2 Be7E18后翼印度防御，旧式主线，7.Nc3Queen's Indian, Old Main line, 7.Nc3E19后翼印度防御，旧式主线，9.Qxc3Queen's Indian, OldMain line, 9.Qxc3E20尼姆佐-印度防御Nimzo-Indian defenseE21尼姆佐-印度防御，三马变例Nimzo-Indian, Three knights variationE22尼姆佐-印度防御，斯皮尔曼变例Nimzo-Indian, Spielmann variationE23尼姆佐-印度防御，斯皮尔曼，4…c5，5.dc Nc6Nimzo-Indian, Spielmann, 4...c5, 5.dc Nc6E24尼姆佐-印度防御，杰米什变例Nimzo-Indian, Saemisch variationE25尼姆佐-印度防御，杰米什，凯列斯变例Nimzo-Indian, Saemisch variation, Keres variationE26尼姆佐-印度防御，杰米什，4. A3 Bxc3+ 5. Bxc3 c5 6. E3Nimzo-Indian, Saemisch variation, 4. a3 Bxc3+ 5. bxc3 c5 6. e3 E27尼姆佐-印度防御，杰米什，5…0-0Nimzo-Indian, Saemisch variation, 5...0-0E28尼姆佐-印度防御，杰米什，6. E3Nimzo-Indian, Saemisch variation, 6. e3E29尼姆佐-印度防御，杰米什，主线Nimzo-Indian, Saemisch variation, Main lineE30尼姆佐-印度防御，列宁格勒变例Nimzo-Indian, Leningrad variation,E31尼姆佐-印度防御，列宁格勒变例，主线Nimzo-Indian, Leningrad variation, main line E32尼姆佐-印度防御，古典变例Nimzo-Indian, Classical variationE33尼姆佐-印度防御，古典变例，4…Nc6Nimzo-Indian, Classical variation, 4...Nc6 E34尼姆佐-印度防御，古典，挪阿变例Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Noa variationE35尼姆佐-印度防御，古典，挪阿变例，5. Cxd5 exd5Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Noa variation, 5. cxd5 exd5E36尼姆佐-印度防御，古典，挪阿变例，5. A3Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Noa variation, 5. a3E37尼姆佐-印度防御，古典，挪阿变例，主线，7.Qc2Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Noa variation, Main line, 7.Qc2E38尼姆佐-印度防御，古典，4…c5Nimzo-Indian, Classical, 4...c5E39尼姆佐-印度防御，古典，皮尔茨变例Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Pirc variationE40尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3E41尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3 c5Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 c5E42尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3 c5，5.Ne2(鲁宾斯坦)Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 c5, 5.Ne2 (Rubinstein)E43尼姆佐-印度防御，菲舍尔变例Nimzo-Indian, Fischer variationE44尼姆佐-印度防御，菲舍尔变例，5.Ne2Nimzo-Indian, Fischer variation, 5.Ne2E45尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3，布龙斯坦变例Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Bronstein (Byrne) variationE46尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3 O-ONimzo-Indian, 4.e3 O-OE47尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3 O-O, 5.Bd3Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 O-O, 5.Bd3E48尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3 O-O, 5.Bd3 d5Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 O-O, 5.Bd3 d5E49尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3，鲍特维尼克体系Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Botvinnik systemE50尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3 e8g8，5.Nf3，无…d5Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 e8g8, 5.Nf3, without ...d5E51尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3 e8g8, 5.Nf3 d7d5Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 e8g8, 5.Nf3 d7d5E52尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3，主线带…b6Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3,Main line with ...b6E53尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3，主线带…c5Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Main line with ...c5E54尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3，格里高利奇体系带7…dcNimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Gligoric system with 7...dcE55尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3，格里高利奇体系，布龙斯坦变例Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Gligoric system, Bronstein variation E56尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3，主线带7…Nc6Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Main line with 7...Nc6 E57尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3，主线带8…dxc4 和9…Bxc4 cxd4Nimzo-Indian, 4. e3, Main line with 8...dxc4 and 9...Bxc4 cxd4E58尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3，主线带8…Bxc3Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Main line with 8...Bxc3 E59尼姆佐-印度防御，4.e3，主线Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Main lineE60王翼印度防御King's Indian defenseE61王翼印度防御，3.Nc3King's Indian defense, 3.Nc3E62王翼印度防御，侧翼象变例King's Indian, Fianchetto variationE63王翼印度防御，侧翼象，潘诺变例King's Indian, Fianchetto, Panno variationE64王翼印度防御，侧翼象，南斯拉夫体系King's Indian, Fianchetto, Yugoslav system E65王翼印度防御，南斯拉夫体系，7.O-OKing's Indian, Yugoslav, 7.O-OE66王翼印度防御，侧翼象，南斯拉夫潘诺King's Indian, Fianchetto, Yugoslav Panno E67王翼印度防御，侧翼象带…Nd7King's Indian, Fianchetto with ...Nd7E68王翼印度防御，侧翼象，古典变例，8.e4King's Indian, Fianchetto, Classical variation, 8.e4E69王翼印度防御，侧翼象，古典主线King's Indian, Fianchetto, Classical Main line E70王翼印度防御，4.e4King's Indian, 4.e4E71王翼印度防御，马卡贡诺夫体系(5.h3)King's Indian, Makagonov system (5.h3)E72王翼印度防御带e4 & g3King's Indian with e4 & g3E73王翼印度防御，5.Be2King's Indian, 5.Be2E74王翼印度防御，阿维尔巴赫，6…c5King's Indian, Averbakh, 6...c5E75王翼印度防御，阿维尔巴赫，主线King's Indian, Averbakh, Main lineE76王翼印度防御，四兵进攻King's Indian, Four pawns attack E77王翼印度防御，四兵进攻，6.Be2King's Indian, Four pawns attack, 6.Be2E78王翼印度防御，四兵进攻，带Be2和Nf3King's Indian, Four pawns attack, with Be2 and Nf3E79王翼印度防御，四兵进攻，主线King's Indian, Four pawns attack, Main lineE80王翼印度防御，杰米什变例King's Indian, Saemisch variationE81王翼印度防御，杰米什，5…O-OKing's Indian, Saemisch, 5...O-OE82王翼印度防御，杰米什，双侧翼象变例King's Indian, Saemisch, double Fianchetto variationE83王翼印度防御，杰米什，6…Nc6King's Indian, Saemisch, 6...Nc6E84王翼印度防御，杰米什，潘诺主线King's Indian, Saemisch, Panno Main lineE85王翼印度防御，杰米什，正统变例King's Indian, Saemisch, Orthodox variationE86王翼印度防御，杰米什，正统，7.Nge2 c6King's Indian, Saemisch, Orthodox, 7.Nge2 c6E87王翼印度防御，杰米什，正统，7.d5King's Indian,Saemisch, Orthodox, 7.d5E88王翼印度防御，杰米什，正统，7.d5 c6King's Indian, Saemisch, Orthodox, 7.d5 c6 E89王翼印度防御，杰米什，正统主线King's Indian, Saemisch, Orthodox Main lineE90王翼印度防御，5.Nf3King's Indian, 5.Nf3E91王翼印度防御，6.Be2King's Indian, 6.Be2E92王翼印度防御，古典变例King's Indian, Classical variation E93王翼印度防御，彼得罗辛体系，主线King's Indian, Petrosian system, Main line E94王翼印度防御，正统变例King's Indian, Orthodox variationE95王翼印度防御，正统，7…Nbd7, 8.Re1King's Indian, Orthodox, 7...Nbd7, 8.Re1E96王翼印度防御，正统，7…Nbd7，主线King's Indian, Orthodox, 7...Nbd7, Main line E97王翼印度防御，正统，阿朗宁-泰曼诺夫变例(南斯拉夫进攻)King's Indian, Orthodox, Aronin-Taimanov variation (Yugoslav attack / Mar del Plata variation) E98王翼印度防御，正统，阿朗宁-泰曼诺夫变例，9.Ne1King's Indian, Orthodox, Aronin-Taimanov, 9.Ne1E99王翼印度防御，正统，阿朗宁-泰曼诺夫变例，主线King's Indian, Orthodox, Aronin-Taimanov, Main line。

The Charm of International Chess: A Blend of Strategy and CreativityChess, a timeless game of strategy and wit, has captivated generations across the globe. Originating in India over a thousand years ago, it has evolved to become a symbol of intellectual prowess and a medium for cultural exchange. The board, divided into 64 squares, serves as a canvas for two opposing forces to engage in a fierce battle of wits.Each player commands a team of sixteen pieces, each with its unique move and purpose. The white pieces, typically played by the player who moves first, symbolize the forces of light and order, while the black pieces, moved by the second player, represent darkness and chaos. This contrast not only adds aesthetic value to the game but also represents the dynamic nature of strategic thinking. The game begins with a simple setup, but the complexity soon unfolds. Players must anticipate their opponent's moves, plan ahead, and adapt their strategy as the game progresses. The opening phase, known as the "opening," requires players to establish a solid foundation anddevelop their pieces effectively. The middle game, or "middlegame," is where the real action takes place, as players jockey their forces to gain an advantage. The endgame, the final phase, is a test of patience and precision, as players strive to convert their positional advantages into a winning position.The beauty of chess lies in its simplicity and yet the profound depth it offers. It is a game that can be enjoyed by children and grandmasters alike, each finding their own challenges and joys within its intricate web of possibilities. The game has also transcended its original purpose, becoming a symbol of intellectual competition and a桥梁between cultures.The International Chess Federation (FIDE), the governing body for the sport, organizes various tournaments and championships that attract the best players from around the world. These events not only showcase the remarkable skills of the players but also serve as a platform for cultural exchange and understanding.Chess has also found its way into the mainstream, with numerous books, movies, and even computer games dedicatedto its rich history and strategy. This has further expanded its reach, making it accessible to a wider audience.In conclusion, chess is much more than just a game. It is a testament to the power of human creativity and strategic thinking. It is a universal language that transcends boundaries and brings people together. As long as there are minds willing to挑战the complexities of this ancient game, chess will continue to thrive and inspire generations to come.**国际象棋的魅力：策略与创意的完美结合**国际象棋，这一历史悠久、充满智慧的策略游戏，已经迷倒了全球数代玩家。

国际象棋常用英语国际象棋常用英语词汇Chess国际象棋 King王（国王） Queen后（皇后） Bishop['bɪʃəp]象（主教）Knight[naɪt]马（骑士） Rook[rʊk]车（城堡） Pawn pɔːn]兵（奴隶）Board棋盘 Position[pə'zɪʃ(ə)n]局面 Checkmate['tʃekmeɪt]将死 Game 对局对弈比赛Openings开局middlegame midgame中局 Endgames残局 Tactics['tæktɪks]战术FEN Forsyth-Edwards Notation福斯夫-爱德华兹记录法 PGN Portable Game Notation可移植式棋局记录法Database数据库 castle['kɑːs(ə)l]王车易位 open file开放线 pawn structure兵型 double check双将 pin牵制 fork击双(捉双) center中心王翼kingside 后翼 queenside 过路兵 pass pawn 棋格 square 封锁blockade 提议和棋 offer draw(大)错、劣、漏、臭着 blunder ['blʌndə]规则 rule 超快棋(闪电战) blitz [blɪts]认输 resign [rɪ'zaɪn]记谱 notation 棋子，子力(除兵之外)piece重子 heavy pieces 轻子minor-pieces Chess set棋具 chess player 下象棋者、棋手 Participane参赛者 Arbiter['ɑːbɪtə]裁判 Master大师 winner优胜者 champion冠军 Tournament锦标赛、联赛Match对抗赛 Olympiad奥林匹克赛 correspondence chess国际象棋通讯赛 team队、组 captain队长 country国家 drawingof lots抽签 number序号 round轮次 category['kætɪg(ə)rɪ]级别game of chess国际象棋对局 laws of chess国际象棋规则 Colour 颜色 White白棋 Black黑棋 bishop of opposite colors异色格象 bishop of the same colors同色格象 bishop ending象残局Diagonal斜线、对角线Centralization中心化 Wing翼 notation坐标 Rank 1）横排2）名次Fili[fili]竖行 start开始走子 Move着、回合 Bye：to have the bye轮空 chance机会 chances to win胜机 gambit['gæmbɪt开局时牺牲一子而取得优势(弃兵) Long castling长易位 Short castling短易位 Exchange兑换 to give check打将 check将军 Discovered check闪将 perpetual pə'petʃʊəl; check长将 to mate, to checkmate 将死to give checkmate杀王 Stalemate无子可动、僵局 accept接受、同意 to accept a draw同意和棋 accurate['ækjʊrət]准确、精确的adjojrn[ə'dʒɜːn]封棋 adjourneg game封局 Result成绩 to block阻挡 to draw和棋 to win胜 to lose败 to take吃 to huff[hʌf]威迫 breakthrough突破 over the board面对面实战the best result最好的成绩 better is (was)较好的是 badge bædʒ]证章、徽章 Rank 横线 File 直线 Diagonal 斜线 Centre 中心 Wing 侧翼Check 将军 Checkmate 将杀 Mate 将杀 Stalemate 无子可动 Discovered check 闪将 Double check 双将 Perpetual check 长将 To give check 打将Checkmate 将杀 To give checkmate 杀王 Exchange 交换、兑子 Move 走子Capture 吃子 Castling 王车易位 Game 对局 Opening 开局 Middlegame 中局 Ending 残局 Result 战绩 Win 赢棋 Loss 负 Draw 和 Resign 认输Crosstable 成绩表一般指循环制的成绩表 Point 分 Half a point 半分Zero 零 Analysis [ə'nælɪsɪs]拆棋 Novelty 新招 Threat 威胁 Attack进攻 Defence 防御 Variant 变着 Combination 战术组合 Sacrifice 弃子Mistake 错着 Clock 棋钟 Flag 钟旗 Time 时间 Time trouble 时间恐慌Score sheet 记录纸 Envelope 封棋信封 Master 大师 Participant 参赛者 Tournament 联赛 Match 对抗赛 Olympaid 奥林匹克赛 Team 队Captain 队长 Country 国家 Winner 优胜者 Champion 冠军Drawing of lots 抽签 Number 序号 Round 轮次 To accept a draw 接受和棋 Adjourned game 封局 Adjourned position 封棋局面 Advantage n. 优势 Decisive advantage 决定性优势 Material advantage 子力优势Obvious advantage 明显优势 Positional advantage 局面优势Development advantage 出子优势 Space advantage 空间优势 To get advantage 取得优势 To have advantage 拥有优势 Chief arbiter 主裁判International arbiter 国际裁判 National arbiter 国家裁判 To have the bye 轮空 Game of chess 国际象棋对局 Laws of chess 国际象棋规则Castle 王车易位 Long castling 长易位 Short castling 短易位 Centre opening 中心开局 Central gambit 中心弃兵开局 Bishops opening 飞象开局Latvian gambit 拉脱维亚弃兵开局 Kings gambit 王翼弃兵局 Vienna game 维也纳开局 Phlidor’s defence 菲立道尔防御 Four knights’game 四马开局Italian game 意大利开局 Evans gambit 伊文思弃兵局 Two knights’defence 双马防御 Scotch game 苏格兰开局 Russian defence 俄罗斯防御Spanish game 西班牙布局 Caro-kann defence 卡罗-康防御 Alekhine’s defence 阿列亨防御 French defence 法兰西防御 Sicilian defence 西西里防御 Queen’s gambit 后翼弃兵局 Queen’s gambit acepted吃后翼弃兵局 Slav defence 斯拉夫防御 Queens indian defence新印度防御Catalan system 卡塔龙开局 Kings indian defence 古印度防御 English opening 英国式开局。