高二英语选修8(北师大版)思维导图

考纲单词
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flee vt.&vi. 逃走 potential n. 潜在性,可能性 roll vi. (平稳地)移动;滚动 plug vt. 塞住 quilt n. 被子;被褥 dust n. 尘土,灰尘 adopt vt. 采用 rail n. 铁路 considerate adj. 体贴的;想得周到的 finance n. 资金 allocate vt. 分配,配给 politics n. 政治(活动)
常用短语
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『语用规律归纳』 1.表示“采取措施做某事”的常用短语 (1)take action to do sth (2)take measures to do sth (3)adopt measures to do sth (4)take steps to do sth
常用短语
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2.表示“除了……之外”的常用方式 (1)in addition to (2)apart from (3)aside from (4)other than (5)as well as (6)except for (7)besides... (8)on top of
考纲单词
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8.construct vt. 建造→construction n. 建筑→constructive adj. 建设 性的;构造上的→constructor n. 建设者;营造商 9.mountain n. 山→mountainous adj. 多山的 10.adopt vt. 采纳;收养→adoption n. 采纳,采用;收养;正式通过 →adoptive adj. 有收养关系的;过继的;被采纳的;接受的 11.consider vt. 考虑;认为→consideration n. 考虑;体谅;需要考虑的 事→considerate adj. 体贴的,想得周到的 12.calculate vt. 计算,算出→calculator n. 计算器;计算者 →calculation n. 计算 13.rough adj. 艰难的;粗糙的→roughly adv. 粗鲁地; 粗暴地 →roughness n. 粗糙; 粗略; 粗鲁 14.finance n. 资金→financial adj. 财政的; 金融的→financially adv. 财政上; 金融上

新课标·北师大版
第22讲 Unit 22 Environmental Protection
第22讲 Unit 22 Environmental Protection
第22讲 │ 美文欣赏
美文欣赏
全球气候变暖是目前人类面临的最大环境问题。请你根 据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，为“节能减排”献计献策。
我已在旅馆为你预订了一个房间。
(2) I'll _re_s_e_r_v_e_m__y_o_p__in_i_o_n_ (保留我的看法) at this time. (3) Policemen _p_r_es_e_r_v_e_o_r_d_e_r___ (维持秩序) in the streets. (4) The Ancient Egyptians khnoewwt_o_p_r_e_s_e_r_ve__d_e_a_d______
impossible to live on. 如果没有这些自然存在的气体，太阳的光线将会离开地球， 返回到太空，使地球变得寒冷，人类将无法居住。
2. _G_i_v_e_n___this data, _it_s_e_e_m__s_t_h_a_t the link between human
activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence. 鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地 球温度之间的联系并不仅仅是巧合。
第22讲 │ 基础梳理
基础梳理
Ⅰ.单词荟萃
1. b_o_t_a_n_i_ca_l_ adj. 植物的，植物学的→_b_o_t_a_n_y__ n. 植物学 2. _re_l_e_v_a_n_t_ adj. 有关的→ _re_l_e_v_a_n_c_e n. 有关，切题→

answer for 对………负责
I wonder who will answer for all of this. 我想知道谁将为这一切负责。 She said she was ready to answer for those who worked with her company. 她说她愿意对那些为她公司工作的人负责。
• Hunters in general have a lot to answer for in terms of endangered要an求im，a呼ls.吁
• We need to call for an end to illegal hunting.
• Every year police seize bags of tiger parts and arrest illegal hu依nt法ers没. 收
• Quite apart from the cost, we need to think about how much time the job will take.
except, besides和apart from 辨析 except指并不 包括在内，排除 besides 表示除此之外还有，另加 apart from 兼有以上两种意思
2. If we are not careful, the panda will become e_x_t_i_n_c_t and our children will only see them in books.
3. It is important to p__re_s_e_r_v_e forests because otherwise a lot of animals will have nowhere to live.

另一方面
9.meet one’s needs 满足某人的需要
10.方便 convenience
写作指导 常用句式 针对训练 素材积累 模板填空
Some people are in favor of the policy,arguing that it is a good way 1. to deal with the traffic jams (来处理交通堵塞).In addition,the policy will greatly 2. help reduce air pollution (帮助减少空气污 染).Others,however,are strongly against the restriction.On the one
写作指导 常用句式 针对训练 素材积累 模板填空
8.However,...of them hold a different view./...of them hold the opposite opinion.然而,他们中……持有不同的/相反的看法。
9.People who are against it don’t think so.反对它的人不这样认为。 10.However,each coin has two sides.然而,事情都有两面性。 11.Different from those...,...people think...与这些……不同,人们认 为…… 12.On the other hand,...people think that...另一方面,人们认为……
写作指导 常用句式 针对训练 素材积累 模板填空
(2016~2017河北波峰中学高二检测) 近来,一些大城市实施了车辆限购政策,人们对此有不同的意见。 请结合所给表格,写一篇短文,谈谈你对这个问题的看法。

Discussion
• If you were the neighbor of Yang Ming’s, what will you do?
• Do you think Mr. McKay should have been put in jail?
Grammar
Inversion
• 主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序 一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序（Natural Order）； 二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序（Inverted Order）。 • 英语句子的倒装：
a community?
Let’s read
Read the first report and answer:
1. Yang Ming is a drummer for the rock band “Storm”. He left his furnished flat because of the neighbor’s complaints. ( T ) 2. As Yang Ming is unmarried, he got badly along with his neighbors.( F ) 3. Yang Ming often drinks too much and his neighbor’s thought he set a bad example to the young.( T ) 4. According to passage 1 , Yang Ming will leave in a hotel for a long time.( F )
4. I am working on cao_n_se_r_v_a_ti_o_n___ project. We are tryisnpgectioessave the panda.

典句欣赏 理解诱思
C Z 晨读晚诵 HENDUWANSONG
自主预习
I ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱHU YU XI
H 合作学习 E ZUO XUE XI
S 随堂练习 UITANGLIANXI
但这种趋势在鞋业中引起了激烈的争议,因为店员花了那么多时 间为顾客拿鞋盒、提供有关鞋子舒适度的建议。许多网店店主无 须向州和地方缴纳销售税(通常占售价的5%至10%),这赋予电商一 项价格优势,使得不满进一步增强。弗吉尼亚州撒克逊鞋店老板加 里·韦纳表示,鞋类商店“非常担心”在实体店试穿、然后在网上购 买的行为。韦纳说:“我们还听过‘我妈让我进来试鞋码,这样她可以 在网上买’这种话。一字不差。我们是有教养的人。所以我们仍然 招待他们。”在被问及是否考虑过拒绝提供服务时,韦纳说:“我们每 次都考虑拒绝。但我们说出来了吗?没有。这种话没法说出口。”
Unit 24 Society
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典句欣赏 理解诱思
C Z 晨读晚诵 HENDUWANSONG
自主预习
I ZHU YU XI
H 合作学习 E ZUO XUE XI
S 随堂练习 UITANGLIANXI
【文章导语】 如果鞋子合脚,你却不买,鞋店老板可能会把你当 作冒充顾客进店行窃的扒手——这种事情在不久以后可能成为现 实。
C Z 晨读晚诵 HENDUWANSONG
自主预习
I ZHU YU XI
H 合作学习 E ZUO XUE XI
S 随堂练习 UITANGLIANXI
典句欣赏 理解诱思
译文 现在有一些人把商店当作试鞋间、选好最合适的款式后上网以 更便宜的价格购买,忧心忡忡的店主们对这种事情感到越来越头疼, 他们称这种人为“试穿贼”。与网店相比,实体商店的人员工资和租 金成本更高。实体店的老板们称,一些网购顾客正在白蹭他们的资 源。一个(实体店)店主说:“你来店里,然后基本上偷走了那项服务。 销售人员并不是没有别的顾客要招呼,有那些真正想买点东西的顾 客。因此,你偷走的不仅是(商店支付给销售人员的)工资,我还有本 来可能从其他顾客那里获得的利润损失。”在图书等其他零售领 域,网购者在商店里“研究产品”是很常见的行为——这种行为被称 为“参观陈列室”——并且只要有智能手机,“参观者”在实体店里面 时就可以在线购买某样产品。

Section Ⅷ
Grammar
单元语法项目——说服
语法图解
探究发现
①We should insist that advertising is more controlled, especially advertising aimed at children. ②On a personal level, we ought to visit the shops less and worry less about image. ③As a society, it's high time that we took/should take these issues more seriously. ④Protest groups are insisting that some of our money be given to the third world. ⑤If laws such as these came into being, a huge adjustment would be required ...
6．I_f_I__w_e_r_e_y_o__u (如果我是你), I would pay more attention to English idioms and phrases.
Jack came to the USA last year. When he was a newcomer to such a developed country, he was trapped in a spending circle. First of all, he had to work hard to earn more money. But the more money he earned, the less often he saw it. He started putting his signatures on credit cards and spending money he did not even have so that he could buy a car and a house of his own. Now he tries to deposit a little money or change it into

9. expose v. 暴露；揭露；使面临；使接触
expose a plot/secret/crime 揭露阴谋/秘密/罪行
expose ... to ... 使……暴露于
派生：exposure n. 暴露，揭露
exposition n. 展览会
The reporter was killed because he tried to expose a plot (揭露一个阴谋).
13. remark v. & n. 说 (接 that 从句)；评论；注意
make a remark on/about 批评；发表评论
remark on/upon 评论；谈论；议论
as remarked above 如上所述
派生：remarkable adj. 非凡的，引人注目的
remarkably adv. 相当地，非常地
(1) The post office is beyond the bridge (在桥的那一头). (2) The failure arose from circumstances beyond our control (我们无法控制的). (3) This chemistry problem is beyond me (我做不了). (4) The books on the upper shelf were beyond my reach (我伸手拿不到). (5) It will be shocking and beyond belief (难以置信) for most people.
15. burden n. 负担，负荷 v. 使负重；装载 (load)
be burdened with 担负，负载
bear/shoulder a heavy buden 负有/肩负重担

Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Tiring as it might be, the military training is believed to be
(be) the best opportunity to make lifelong friends. 2．We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a
[我的发现] (1)由句①可知，当直接引语为 陈述 句变为间接引语时，时 态、人称、时间状语以及指示代词等通常要改变。 (2)由句②可知，当直接引语为 一般疑问 句变为间接引语时， 首先变为 陈述句 语序，然后再加上连词 if 或 whether 来引导 间接引语。 (3)由句③可知，当直接引语为 祈使 句时，要加上合适的动 词，如ask, tell, order, require, demand等动词作谓语，然后将 该祈使句变成 动词不定式 作宾补。
2．动词＋sb.＋that ... 常用动词有warn, remind, tell等。 He warned me that I couldn't go out alone at night. 他警告我晚上不能单独出去。 She reminded me that I hadn't written to Mother. 她提醒我还没有给母亲写信。 3．动词＋sb.＋to do sth. 常用动词有advise, beg, order, promise等。 The doctor advised me to take more exercise. 医生建议我多加锻炼。
Section Ⅷ
Grammar
单元语法项目(一)——转述结构
语法图解
探究发现
①He said, “I'm busy preparing for the final exam now.” →He said that he was busy preparing for the final exam then. ②“Do you want the green shirt or the blue one？” asked mother. →Mother asked whether/if I wanted the green shirt or the blue one. ③The old man said, “Don't come here again next week.” →The old man asked us not to go there again the next week. ④Our teacher said, “Practice makes perfect.” →Our teacher said practice makes perfect. ⑤“Where did you spend your holiday this year, Jack？” She asked. →She asked Jack where he had spent his holiday that year.

3.Cosmetics4 All the women out there will be flabbergasted5 when they see the kind of variety and the rates at which otherwise expensive cosmetics from brands like Dior,Maybelline,Revlon,M.A.C are available during sales time.Quit throwing off all your hard-earned money on such expensive cosmetics and insist on buying these items only during sales to get great prices and bargains. 4.Refurbished6 electronic appliances and gadgets7 Electronic appliances and gadgets are items you must buy only during sales time from the refurbished division because paying a large price tag for its original cost is just a waste of money.After holiday season when a lot of people return unwanted gifts,they all hit the refurbished section and the prices are greatly cut down.Now,that’s a good enough reason for you to buy these items only during the sales,isn’t it?