新视野大学英语book4 unit2快速阅读答案Part 4 Skimmi ng and Scanni ng (Multip le Choice + BlankFillin g)(每小题：分)Direct ions: Read the follow ing passag e and then answer the questi ons. For questi ons 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choice s marked A, B, C and D. For questi ons 8-10, comple te the senten ces with the inform at ion givenin the passag e.Questi ons 1 to 10 are basedon the follow ing passag e.Locked Away Foreve rThe Sad Case of Rebecc a FalconOne nightwhen she was just 15, Rebecc a Falcon got drunkand made the decisi on that ruined her entire life. Now, she is servin g a life senten ce withou t chance of parole (假释) at the Lowell Correc tiona l Instit ution in Ocala,Florid a. Lookin g back, Falcon faults her choice of friend s."I was like a magnet for the wrongcrowd," she says.At the time, Falcon was living with her grandm other in Panama City, Florid a. On Novemb er 19, 1997, upsetover an ex-boyfri end, she downed a largeamount of alcoho l and hailed a taxi with an 18-year-old friend. Her friend had a gun and, within minute s, the taxi driver was shot in the head. The driver, Richar d Todd Philli ps, 25, died severa l days later. Each of the teenag ers latersaid the otherhad done the shooti ng.In Falcon's case, she was foundguilty of murder, though it was neverknownprecis ely what happen ed. "It brokemy heart," says Steven Sharp, one of the people who made the decisi on to send Falcon to prison. "Toughas it is, basedon the crime,I thinkit's approp riate. Still, it's terrib le to put a 15-year-old behind bars foreve r."Falcon's case is not so uncomm on in the US, but it is rare around the world. About9,700 Americ an prison ers are servin g life senten ces for crimes they commit ted before age 18. More than a fifthhave no chance for parole. Life withou t parole is availa ble for youngcrimin als in abouta dozencountr ies, but a recent report by HumanRights Watchand Amnest y Intern ation al foundonly 12 youngcrimin als—in Israel, SouthAfrica, and Tanzan ia—servin g such senten ces. In the U.S., more than 2,200 people are servin g life withou t parole for crimes they commit ted before turnin g 18. More than 350 are 15 or younge r.Cruel& Unusua l?Youngcrimin als are servin g life terms(with or withou t the possib ility of parole) in at least48 states, accord ing to a survey by The New York Times,and theirnumber s have increa sed sharpl y in the past decade. Of thoseimpris onedin 2001, 95 percen t were male and 55 percen t were black.Is such punish mentfair for youngoffend ers? In March2005, the Suprem e Courtruledthat the deathpenalt y for crimes commit ted by people under18 violat es the Eighth Amendm ent to the Consti tutio n, whichprohib its "crueland unusua l punish ments." That mighthave surpri sed the people who agreed to the Amendm ent in 1791, many of whom foundsuch execut ionsneithe r cruelnor unusua l. But the Courtsaid that the meanin g of the Amendm ent change s with "evolvi ng standa rds of decenc y." Theirdecisi on has convin ced lawyer s and activi sts that the next legalbattle groun d in the US will be over lifesenten ces for youngcrimin als."Unform ed" Person aliti esThe Suprem e Courtruledthat youths under18 who commit terrib le crimes are less blamew orthy than adults, at leastfor purpos es of the deathpenalt y: They are less mature, more willin g to give in to peer pressu re, and theirperson aliti es are unform ed. "Even a terrib le crimecommit ted by a youngperson," Justic e Anthon y M. Kenned y conclu ded, is not "eviden ce of a hopele sslyevil charac ter."Most of thoseyouthf ul qualit ies were eviden t in Falcon, who had troubl e fittin g in at school. She is in prison for murder, meanin g she partic ipate d in a crimethat led to a killin g but was not proved to have killed anyone.Jim Applem an, the lawyer that triedto put Falcon in jail, says she does not ever deserv e to be free. He is convin ced that she shot Philli ps. "If she were a 29-year-old or a 22-year-old," he says, "I have no doubtshe wouldhave gotten the deathpenalt y."Althou gh Falcon believ es her senten ce is unfair, she says her eightyearsin prison have change d her. "A certai n amount of time beingin jail was what I needed," she says. "But the law I fell underis for people who have no hope of beingchange d for the better, career crimin als who habitu allybreakthe law, and there's just no hope for them in societ y. I'm a comple telydiffer ent case.""This can be hard"The case of anothe r Florid a teenag er, Timoth y Kane, showshow youths can be sent away for life, even when they were not centra l figure s in a crime. (Florid a is amongthe states with the larges t number of youngoffend ers—about600—servin g life senten ces, about270 withou t parole.)On Jan. 26, 1992, Kane, then 14, was playin g videogamesat a friend's housein Hudson, Florid a, whilesome olderboys planne d a robber y. That night, five youths rode theirbikesover to a neighb or's home. Two backed out, but Kane follow ed AlvinMorton, 19, and BobbyGarner, 17, into the house.He did not want others to thinkhe was scared, he recall s. "This is the decisi on that shaped my life since," says Kane.He says he though t the housewouldbe empty. But Madeli ne Weisse r, 75, and her son, John Bowers, 55, were home. WhileKane hid behind a dining-room table, Morton shot and killed Bowers. He then stucka knifein Weisse r's neck; Garner steppe d on the knife, nearly cuttin g off her head.Morton was senten ced to death.Garner, like Kane, a youngoffend er, was givena life senten ce with no possib ility of parole for 50 years. Kane was also senten ced to life, but he may be able to get parole afterservin g 25 years. He doubts that the parole boardwillever let him out.Kane growsemotio nal when talkin g aboutthat Januar y night. "I witnes sed two people die," he says. "I regret that everyday of my life, beingany part of that and seeing that." He does not disput e that he deserv ed punish mentbut says his senten ce is harsh. His days at Sumter Correc tiona l Instit ution in Bushne ll, Florid a, are spentin the prison printshop making 55 centsan hour. "You have no hope of gettin g out," Kane says. "You have no family. You have no moralsuppor t here. This can be hard."Will the courtdo anythi ng to help?In decidi ng whethe r "evolvi ng standa rds" have turned agains t a partic ularpunish ment, the Suprem e Courtlooksat what the states are doing.Life withou t parole for youngoffend ers is widely used, and only threestates specif icall y ban it. If this form of punish mentis to be banned by virtue of its violat ing the Eighth Amendm ent, it will likely happen only when a majori ty of the states firstget rid of it.Robert W. Attrid ge, the lawyer in Kane's case, says he feelssorryfor him. "But he had option s," Attrid ge says. "He had a way out. Two otherboys decide d to leave."CouldTim Kane be your kid, beingin the wrongplaceat the wrongtime?" the lawyer asks. "I thinkhe could. It only takesone nightof bad judgme nt and, man, your life can be ruined."1.What happen ed on Novemb er 19, 1997?A. Falcon's boyfri end drankalcoho l.B. A taxi driver was shot.C. Falcon droveinto a taxi.D. Philli ps killed Falcon's friend.2.In the U.S., the number of people who are servin g life senten ce with no parole forcrimes they commit ted before age 18 is ________________.A. more than 2,200B. about9,700C. only 12D. more than 3503.Giving the deathpenalt y to people under18 goes agains t ________________.A. the Suprem e CourtB. standa rds of decenc y in 1791C. the Eighth Amendm entD. The New York Times4.The Suprem e Courtruledthat youngcrimin als under18 ________________.A. are pressu red by the deathpenalt yB. are guilty of terrib le crimesC. are hopele sslyevilD. are less blamew orthy than adults5.Falcon feelsthat she should have receiv ed ________________.A. an unfair senten ceB. the deathpenalt yC. some time in prisonD. a lifeti me in prison6.Florid a is one of the states with the most ________________.A. crimin als on paroleB. centra l figure s involv ed in crimesC. youngoffend ers with life senten cesD. youngpeople with no hope7.Who stucka knifein Madeli ne Weisse r's neck and killed her?A. Timoth y Kane.B. AlvinMorton.C. BobbyGarner.D. John Bowers.8.Even though he was not a centra l figure in the killin g, Garner was givena lifesenten ce withou t possib ility of 01_MYV ARIAB LE.9.Kane has had a hard time in prison becaus e he has no family, no moralsuppor t,and no hope of 01_MYV ARIAB LE.10.Accord ing to Robert W. Attrid ge, a youngperson's life can be perman ently affect edfor the worstfrom simply one nightof 01_MYV ARIAB LE.。
