初中英语语法一般过去时现在完成时讲解与练习专题经典练习

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7a U7一般过去时

时间标志,翻译成英文:

昨天——- 前天-—- 上星期---

上个月--- 刚刚—— 三天前—-

在三岁时—-

注:1。 由yesterday构成

2. 由 last 构成

3. 由 时间段+ago构成

1.动词原形变动词过去式:

is,am--— stop--- say-—-

are——— try——- take--

has/have--- play—- make--

do/does——- stay——- listen——

see--- fix——— watch—-

go——- mend—- open——

总结:

①一般情况下在动词原形后直接加__________________. 如: watch_______。

② 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,_____________. 如hope__________, live________。

③ 重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,即“辅+元+辅" (w和y除外),__________________.

如stop_______, drag______, drop_______, plan________chat________, kid______,

beg________, control__________, admit_______, prefer_________,

refer_________, permit_______, equip_________等.

④ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词变y为i, 再加ed. 如study_________, worry__________

“直、去、双、改”

2.be(was were)动词的适当形式填空

1. I ______ an English teacher now。

2. She _______ happy yesterday。

3。 They _______ glad to see each other last month.

4。 Helen and Nancy ________ good friends。

5. The little dog _____ two years old this year。

6。 Look, there ________ lots of grapes here。

7。 There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.

8. Today _____ the second of June。 Yesterday ______ the first of June。

3、用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday。

2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night。

3。 We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park。 (go) 4。 ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?

5。 ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.

6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday。

7。 I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.

8. What _________ she _________ (find) in the garden last morning?

She _________ (find) a beautiful butterfly。

9. It _________ (be) Ben's birthday last Friday

10。 10。 We all _________ (have) a good time last night。

4。 句型转换。

1. John went into the classroom just now。(改为否定句)

John ________ ________ into the classroom just now。

2. Lucy washed her clothes yesterday.(改为一般疑问句)

________ Lucy ____her clothes yesterday?

3. The children went back home after spending a few hours at camps。(就划线部分提问)

__________ ____________ the children go back?

4. He found some meat in the fridge(冰箱).(变一般疑问句)

___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?

5. There was some orange in the cup。(变一般疑问句)

_______ there _______ orange in the cup?

6. Frank read an interesting book about history. (一般疑问句)

_______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?

7。 My family went to the beach last week。 (划线提问)

________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?

8. I think she is Lily’s sister. (否定句。注意否定转移)

____________________

10。 He is a tall, thin boy。 (划线提问) _______ _______ he _______ ________?

8a5 8a6现在完成时(have/has done )

1. 用法

(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果

I have spent all of my money (so far)。(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)

Guo zijun has (just/already) come。 (含义:郭子君现在在这儿)

My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)

(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。

Mary has been ill for three days.

I have lived here since 1998。 2.标志词:

* 以already, just和yet为标

He hasn't come back yet。 他还没有回来。

* 以ever和never为标志

He has never been to Beijing。 他从没有到过北京。

* 以动作发生的次数为标志

He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。

* 以so far(到目前为止)为标+before

She has passed the exam so far。 到目前为止她已经通过了考试

* ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点(过去 从句)为标志

练习:

①for+时段

②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)

③since+时段+ago

④since+从句(过去时)

1。 用since和for填空

1。______two years 2。____two years ago 3。___last month 4。______ 1999

5._______yesterday 6._______ 4 o'clock 7 4 hours 8。_____an hour ago 9. ___we were children 10。_____ lunch time 11。____ she left

here

12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last.

13。 I've known him ______ we were children。

14。 Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years。

15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years. 16. It's about ten years __________ she left the city.

写出下列单词的过去分词形式

work _________ finish ___________ arrive___________ change_________

see___________ have___________ marry__________ visit__________

miss___________ prefer__________ do___________ hear____________

live____________ clean________ study___________ meet___________

be __________ climb___________ plan____________ take_________