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Nelson Mandela was a figure of international renown, and many details of his life and career were public knowledge. But here are six thing s you may not have known about the late South African leader.纳尔逊·曼德拉是国际知名人物，他生活和事业的许多细节为公众所熟知。
但这里提到的六件事可能是你对这位已故南非领导人并不了解的。
1. He was a boxing fan.In his youth, Nelson Mandela enjoyed boxing and long-distance running. Even during the 27 years he spent in prison, he would exercise every morning."I did not enjoy the violence of boxing so much as the science of it. I was intrigued （好奇的） by how one moved one's body to protect oneself, how one used a strategy both to attack and retreat, how one paced oneself over a match," he wrote in his autobiography Long Walk to Freedom."Boxing is egalitarian. In the ring, rank, age, colour and wealth are irrelevant...I never did any real fighting after I entered politics. My main interest was in training; I found the rigorous exercise to be an excellent outlet for tension and stress. After a strenuous workout, I felt both mentally and physically lighter," he wrote.Among the memorabilia in the Mandela Family Museum in Soweto, visitors can find the world championship belt given to Mandela by American boxer Sugar Ray Leonard.2. His original name was not N elson.Rolihlahla Mandela was nine years old when a teacher at the primary Methodist school where he was studying in Qunu, South Africa, gave him an English name - Nelson - in accordance with the custom to gi ve all school children Christian names.This was common practice in South Africa and in other part s of the continent, where a person could often be given an En glish name that foreigners would find easier to pronounce.Rolihlahla is not a common name in South Africa. It is Xhosa, one of the 11 official languages in the country, spoken by about 18% of the population. It literally means "pulling the branch of a tree", but its colloquial（通俗的） meaning is "troublemaker".His circumcision name was Dalibunga, meaning "founder of the Bunga", the traditional ruling body of the Transkei - the rural area where he was born. "To Xhosa traditionalists, this name is more acceptable than either of my two previous givennames," he wrote in his autobiography. However, in South Africa, Mr Mandela was often called by his clan name - Madiba - which South Africans used out of respect.3. He was on a US terror watch list until 2008.Prior to that, along with other former ANC leaders, Mr Mandela was only able to visit the US with special permission from the secretary of state, because the ANC had been designated a terrorist organisation by South Africa's former apartheid government.Ronald Reagan originally placed the ANC on the list in the 1980s."It is frankly a rather embarrassing matter that I still have to waive in my own counterparts - the foreign minister of South Africa, not to mention the great leader, Nelson Mandela," then-Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said in 2008.The bill scrapping the designation was introduced by Howard Berman, chairman of the House Committee on Fore ign Affairs, who promised to "wipe away" the "indignity".4. He forgot his glasses when he was released from prison.Mr Mandela's release on 11 February 1990 followed years of political pressure against apartheid. On the day, he was "astounded and a little bit alarmed", he recalled later.Mr Mandela's reading glasses stayed behind in prison Mr Mandela and his then-wife Winnie were taken to the centre of Cape Town to address a huge and euphoric crowd. But when he pulled out the text of his speech, he realised he had forgotten his glasses and had to borrow Winnie's.5. He dressed up as a chauffeur to evade police.After going underground because of his ANC activities, Mr Mandela's ability to evade the secu rities services earned him the nickname "the black Pimpernel", after the novel The Scarlet Pimpernel, about a hero with a secret identity.A fake passport in the name of David Motsamayi used by Mr Mandela Mr Mandela is known to have disguised himself as a chauffe ur, a gardener and a chef in order to travel around the country unnoticed by the authorities. Nobody seems to know how Mr Mandela, who had been operating underground with a false identity, was ultimately exposed and arrested.6. He had his own law firm, but it took him years to get a law degree.Mr Mandela studied law on and off for 50 years from 1939, failing about half the courses he took.A two-year diploma in law on top of his university degree allowed him to practise, and in August 1952, he and Oliver Tambo established South Africa's first black law firm, Mandela and Tambo, in Johannesburg.He persevered to finally secure a law degree while in prison in 1989.。
讲述曼德拉英文作文高中英文：Mandela is one of the most influential figures in modern history. He was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary who served as the country's first black president from 1994 to 1999. Mandela was imprisoned for 27 years for his opposition to apartheid, but he never gave up his fight for justice and equality.Mandela's legacy is one of courage, perseverance, and forgiveness. He believed in the power of dialogue and reconciliation, and he worked tirelessly to bring about a peaceful transition from apartheid to democracy in South Africa. Mandela's leadership and vision continue to inspire people around the world to this day.One of Mandela's most famous quotes is "Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." This quote highlights the importance of educationin empowering individuals and creating positive change in society. Mandela himself was a lifelong learner, and he believed that education was the key to unlocking human potential and promoting social justice.Another important aspect of Mandela's legacy is his commitment to forgiveness and reconciliation. Despite the injustices he suffered and witnessed, Mandela never gave in to bitterness or hatred. Instead, he worked to buildbridges between different communities and promote healing and understanding. Mandela's example reminds us that forgiveness and compassion are essential for building a better world.中文：曼德拉是现代历史上最有影响力的人物之一。
曼德拉重要事迹英文作文英文：Nelson Mandela is a prominent figure in world history, known for his leadership and advocacy for racial equality in South Africa. He was born in 1918 and grew up in a country where discrimination against black people was deeply ingrained in society.One of Mandela's most important achievements was his role in ending apartheid in South Africa. He spent 27 years in prison for his activism, but even behind bars, he continued to fight for justice. His release in 1990 was a pivotal moment in the country's history and marked the beginning of a new era of democracy.Mandela's leadership during this time was crucial in bringing about change. He helped negotiate the end of apartheid and worked to create a new constitution that would guarantee equal rights for all South Africans. Healso encouraged reconciliation between black and white communities, promoting forgiveness and understanding.Another important aspect of Mandela's legacy is his commitment to education. He believed that education was key to breaking the cycle of poverty and inequality, and worked to establish schools and educational programs for disadvantaged communities.Overall, Nelson Mandela was a remarkable leader and a symbol of hope for millions of people around the world. His legacy continues to inspire us today, reminding us of the power of perseverance, forgiveness, and compassion.中文：曼德拉是世界历史上著名的人物，以其领导能力和对南非种族平等的倡导而闻名。
高考作文素材——曼德拉事迹每一年的热点都有可能是高考作文的出题方向，即使不是作文题目，无关曼德拉，但是，曼德拉的一生，曼德拉的精神都是我们值得歌颂的。
下面就是整理的曼德拉一部分生平事迹。
纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉，1918年7月18日－2013年12月5日，南非首位黑人总统，被尊称为“南非国父”。
生于南非特兰斯凯，曾于1994年至1999年间任南非总统，在他任职总统前是积极的反种族隔离人士。
曼德拉领导反种族隔离运动时，法院将他定罪，在牢中服刑了27年半，1990年2月11日出狱。
曼德拉在40年来获得了超过一百项奖项，最显著的是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。
2013年12月5日，曼德拉去世，享年95岁。
2013年12月6日，南非总统祖马发表全国讲话宣布，南非为曼德拉举行国葬，全国降半旗。
曼德拉一生致力于消除的差距依旧触目惊心地存在，在富裕的社区里，白人拥有豪宅而黑人只能给他们锄草施肥。
每当危机爆发，人们都期望听到曼德拉的声音。
“我渴望这位伟大领袖归来，”作曲家史蒂芬·米勒表示，“真是异常地怀旧啊！”“曼德拉是在南非转型期间起到决定性作用的人物，南非人民至今仍然认同曼德拉的价值观。
”克顿贝也说。
曼德拉是一个标志，他代表了历经千辛万苦、南非人民用生命作为代价所换来的政治转型。
对于这个国家而言，他扮演了“国父”的角色。
曼德拉的人格魅力和崇高声望同其一贯关心广大黑人群众的疾苦分不开。
1994年12月中旬，非国大第49届全国代表大会的开幕式。
会议开幕式在学校体育馆举行，当曼德拉精神焕发、笑盈盈地出现在主席台上时，台下群众一片欢腾、雀跃，高呼“曼德拉”、“曼德拉”，像一阵阵热浪激荡着整个体育馆，掌声和欢呼声长时间经久不息。
曼德拉频频招手致意，在群众的欢呼声中发表主旨讲话，阐述了新南非政府将以《重建和发展计划》建设南非，解决广大人民所关心的住房、水电、教育、就业等问题。
开幕式结束退场时，曼德拉被人们围得水泄不通，代表们纷纷争着要与自己爱戴的领袖握一握手，沸腾的场面足足长达半小时之久，他乐呵呵地同代表们在一起。
高考人物素材：曼德拉高考人物素材：曼德拉曼德拉于1994年至1999年间任南非总统，是首位黑人总统，被尊称为南非国父。
正面评价为了推翻南非白人种族主义统治，曼德拉进行了长达50年(1944—1994年)艰苦卓绝的斗争，铁窗面壁28年(1962—1990年)。
最终，从阶下囚一跃成为南非第一任黑人总统，为新南非开创了一个民主统一的局面。
南非终身名誉总统。
因脸上常带有笑容，被南非人民称之为“微笑大使”。
纳尔逊·曼德拉是二十世纪九十年代非洲乃至世界政坛上一颗最耀眼的和平主义者。
他领导的非国大在结束南非种族主义的斗争中发挥了极其重要的作用。
1994年4月新南非诞生，标志着非洲大陆反帝、反殖、反对种族隔离的政治解放任务胜利完成。
最终当选为南非历史上第一位黑人总统，享有崇高的声誉，被誉为“全球总统” 。
即使在狱中，曼德拉也多次成为全球焦点，他的号召力和影响力遍及全世界，全球53个国家的2000名市长为曼德拉的获释而签名请愿;英国78名议员发表联合声明，50多个城市市长在伦敦盛装游行，要求英国首相向南非施加压力，恢复曼德拉自由。
曼德拉是一个标志，他代表了历经千辛万苦、南非人民用生命作为代价所换来的政治转型。
对于这个国家而言，他扮演了“国父”的角色。
纪念日纳尔逊·曼德拉国际日2009年11月，联合国大会为表彰南非前总统对和平文化与自由的贡献，宣告7月18日为“纳尔逊·曼德拉国际日”。
致敬歌曲黄家驹在1990年8月3日到6日从巴布亚新几内亚之行回来后，创作了一首《光辉岁月》，黄家驹以这首歌向黑人领袖曼德拉致敬，歌颂了曼德拉伟大而辉煌的一生，充分地表达了自己对种族歧视的厌恶与憎恨。
曼德拉在听到这首歌曲之后，立即找人来翻译了歌词内容，当他听完歌词中的含义之后，不禁潸然泪下。
诗词《不可征服》威廉姆·恩内斯特·亨里(William Ernest Henley)于1975年作的一首诗，在描述曼德拉的电影《成事在人》里多次被提起。
曼德拉作文素材英文英文：Nelson Mandela is a well-known figure in the world. He was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He played a significantrole in ending apartheid and promoting racialreconciliation in South Africa.One of the most inspiring qualities of Mandela was his perseverance. He spent 27 years in prison for his anti-apartheid activities, but he never gave up his fight for freedom and equality. He once said, "The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall." This quote shows his determination to keep going despite the obstacles he faced.Another admirable trait of Mandela was his forgiveness. After being released from prison, he worked to promotereconciliation between the black and white communities in South Africa. He understood that forgiveness was necessary for healing and moving forward. He once said, "Forgiveness liberates the soul. It removes fear. That is why it is such a powerful weapon."中文：纳尔逊·曼德拉是世界上著名的人物。
告别曼德拉Nelson Mandela, who rose from militant antiapartheid activist to become the unifying president of a democratic South Africa and a global symbol of racial reconciliation, died at his Johannesburg home following a lengthy stay at a Pretoria hospital, President Jacob Zuma said Thursday. He was 95.南非总统祖马(Jacob Zuma)周四宣布，纳尔逊曼德拉(Nelson Mandela)在位于约翰内斯堡的家中去世，享年95岁。
曼德拉曾是积极投身反种族隔离制度的活动人士，后来成为在实现了民主的南非使各方团结在一起的总统。
同时他也是全球种族和解的一个象征。
曼德拉去世前在比勒陀利亚的一家医院长期住院治疗。
'He passed on peacefully,' Mr. Zuma said in a state television address. 'This is a moment of our deepest sorrow. Our nation has lost its greatest son.' 祖马在国有电视台发表讲话说，他平静地走了，此时此刻我们悲痛万分。
我们的国家失去了它最伟大的儿子。
Mr. Mandela spent nearly three months in the hospital through September, initially to treat a lung infection. It was the latest in a series of increasingly severe ailments South Africa's first black president had battled since contracting tuberculosis during his nearly three decades in prison for opposing the former white-minority regime.在截至9月份的近三个月中，曼德拉一直在住院治疗，最初是因为肺部感染。
曼德拉雕像耳朵内藏铜兔引争议South Africa's government has ordered sculptors to remove a bronze rabbit they hid in the ear of a Nelson Mandela statue, unveiled after the former president's death last month.南非政府要求雕塑家移除“暗藏”在南非前总统曼德拉雕像耳朵中的铜兔。
The statute intends to show t h a t Nelson Mandela reached out to all South AfricansIt wanted to "restore dignity back to the statue", a spokesman told the BBC.The sculptors reportedly inserted the rabbit as a tr ademark signature and to denote （表示） the haste with w hich they had to complete the st atue.Rabbit in the Afrikaans language is "haas", which also means haste."We don't think it's appropriate because Nelson Mandela never had a rabbit on his ear," Mogomotsi Mogodiri, the spokesman for the Departme nt of Arts and Culture, told the BBC's Focus on Africa radio programme."We'd want people to see that statue as a symbol of hope, not about something like a rabbit."Mr Mandela, who died at the age of 95, was widely acclaimed for his role in fighting white minority rule and promoting reconciliation after being elected South Africa's first black president in 1994.。
高考作文素材——永远的曼德拉当地时间2013年12月5日，南非前总统纳尔逊·曼德拉逝世，享年95岁。
尽管早有心理预期。
但曼德拉逝世的噩耗传来的那一刻，全世界依然震惊和不舍，陷入悲痛之中。
曼德拉的一生堪称传奇。
很少有人能在有生之年就被尊称为伟人，曼德拉却当之无愧。
曼德拉，享誉全球的诺贝尔和平奖得主，为了推翻南非白人种族主义统治，他铁窗面壁27年，进行了长达50年艰苦卓绝的斗争。
最终，从阶下囚一跃成为南非第一任黑人总统，为新南非开创了一个民主统一的局面。
“生命中最伟大的光辉不在于永不坠落，而是坠落后总能再度升起。
我欣赏这种有弹性的生命状态，快乐地经历风雨，笑对人生。
”曼德拉在自传《漫漫自由路》中写的这句话，道出了他人生岁月的真正光辉之处。
曼德拉逝世后，南非总统祖马宣布，南非将为曼德拉举行国葬。
全国将从12月6日起降半旗致哀，直至国葬结束。
一名英国外交人员说：“他是地球英雄，他的葬礼将是丘吉尔以来最大的国葬。
我想任何国家都会想要参与。
”祖马向全国发表电视讲话时表示，“我们民主国家的创始人曼德拉离开了我们。
他现在安息了，我们国家失去了一个最伟大的儿子，我们的人民失去了一位父亲……这是我们最悲伤的时刻。
”“曼德拉为自由进行了不懈的斗争，赢得了全世界的尊重；他的谦逊、爱心和人道精神赢得了人们的爱戴。
曼德拉的伟大之处在于他对人类的爱，他的品质正是我们所追求的。
”祖马呼吁南非人民继承曼德拉的遗志，建立一个没有剥削和压迫、没有种族和性别歧视、日益民主和繁荣的公正社会。
酋长之子到革命斗士曼德拉1918年7月18日出生于南非特兰凯斯一个部落酋长家庭，他的父亲葛德拉·曼德拉担任当地滕布人首领约金塔帕·达林迪耶博的顾问，娶了4个妻子，有4个儿子和9个女儿。
曼德拉是家中长子，被指定为酋长继承人，部族人称他为“马迪巴”。
曼德拉在其自传《漫漫自由路》中写道，父母不识字，是虔诚的基督徒。
他幼年时受“风俗、宗教和禁忌”约束，放过牛。
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South Africa's first black president and anti-apartheid icon Nelson Mandela has died at the age of 95. Pollitical leaders from all over the world made statements of their own about Mandela.
南非首位黑人前总统，反抗种族隔离政策的政治领袖纳尔逊·曼德拉逝世，享年95岁。
各国政要纷纷致辞表示对曼德拉的悼念。
President Obama
美国总统奥巴马
"I cannot imagine my life without the example of Madiba...He no longer belongs to us -- he belongs to the ages."
“如果没有马迪巴（曼德拉的家族名）的激励，我无法设想我生命的走向会如何......他不再属于我们，而是属于一个时代。
”。
It is one of the supreme ironies that on 11 February 1990, the day that Nelson Mandela was released after 27-and-a-half years in prison, the event that much of South Africa and the rest of the world had been waiting decades for, the country was not ready for him.
在1990年2月11日，被囚禁27年半的的曼德拉终于获释，这真是个极大的讽刺。
因为大部分南非人和世界上其他人民都等这一刻数十年了，这个国家还没有准备好迎接他的变革。
The iconic image of that moment –a lean, beaming（喜气洋洋的） Mandela in a dark suit emerging from Victor Verster prison holding hands with Winnie, both raising triumphant（得意洋洋的） clenched fist salutes – belied the chaos around them.
T he first person to shake Mandela's hand as he exited the prison gates was John Battersby, a journalist with the Christian Science Monitor, who had arrived on the scene five minutes before only to walk straight into Mandela, who greeted him with his trademark bonhomie (much to the chagrin懊恼，委屈 of the rest of the journalist pack, who had been waiting outside the gates for 11 hours).
The release, at 5 pm, was an hour late. Mandela had not been seen in public in almost three decades, and that was in 1962, 14 years beforeSouth Africa got television. He had been absent all that time. Yet in his absence he had grown ever more present.
The convoy stopped a few times so that Mandela could get out and speak t o ordinary South Africans along the route. People stared dazed and disbelieving as the convoy made its slow, 40-mile journey to downtown Cape Town.
In the city centre, the expectant crowd of more than 60,000 crushed into the Grand Parade in front of the City Hall, and in the extreme heat, grew restless. Late afternoon gave way to evening a nd hundreds of people fainted and had to be treated
by the first-aid ambulances. Skirmishes broke out and a number of people were shot by police.
All eyes were on the balcony where Mandela was to make his appearance. Familiar faces showed themselves to polite cheering, but people had not come to see Allan Boesak or Jesse Jackson. When Mandela and entourage finally arrived, some time before midnight, he appeared stiff and serious. He read from a prepared speech, carefully spelling out each word.
Many South Africans were not pleased on that balmy evening with what he had to say. Mandela reaffirmed his dedication to the cause of the struggle and the African National Congress, and called for disciplined mass a ction. This disappointed many whites and those in the business community who, somewhat stupidly, had not expected him to sound so militant.
But he also declared that President FW de Klerk was a "man of integrity", legitimating the Afrikaner leader in the eyes of the black majority, and thereby vali dating negotiations with the regime as the route to liberation.
This perplexed many of his young followers who were gearing up for the final assault on the apartheid state.
His voice becoming extraordinarily powerful, Mandela c losed by repeating his pledge from the Rivo nia dock, before he was taken off to life imprisonment on Robb en Island, that he was prepared to die in the struggle against white and black domination.
Remembering the euphoria of that night, where Mandela stood tall, reunited with his wife and family, and ready to start building the new South Africa, we could not have known that it would take four more years and many thousands of deaths to reach the promised land.。
