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非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。
2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。
高考英语备考：动词-ed和动词-ing用法总结1、定义动词-ed和动词-ing形式常称作分词。
他们既有动词的特征，又有形容词和副词的特征，在英语中可以作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
2、构成（1）规则的动词后+ed构成动词-ed形式，不规则的需要记忆。
动词-ed形式没有一般式和完成式、主动语态和被动语态的变化。
（2）动词-ing形式有一般式和完成式、主动语态和被动语态区别。
3、用法（1）作定语单个的分词作定语，一般置于所修饰的词前;分词短语作定语置于所修饰的词后，相当于一个定语从句。
如：1 Many excited people wanted to travel on the underground. 许多兴奋的人们想乘地铁旅行。
2 The countries you referred to just now belong to developing countries. 你刚才提到的那些国家属于发展中国家。
3 People developed a kind of paper made from the fibers of plants.=People developed a kind of paper which/that was made from the fibers of plants.人们研制出一种用植物纤维制成的纸。
4 The houses being built are for the teachers.=The houses which/that are being built are for the teachers.正在（被）建的那些房子是给老师们的。
高考英语：非谓语动词考点精华讲义高三的一轮复习已经进行了一大半，许多同学做题依然错误百出，其中一个重要原因是不能看懂句子结构，甚至分不清谓语动词和非谓语动词。
今天分享一下我总结的非谓语动词复习讲义，希望能够帮助大家更好地掌握这一重要的语法专题。
一、分类：动词不定式、动词-ing形式、动词的过去分词总的特点：1.非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句主语保持一致。
2.Doing/T o do (sth.)+单数V : 非谓语动词作主语，谓语用单数。
二、动词不定式1、特点：表将来2、形式：①基本型：to+动词原形（do）。
②被动式：to be done ③完成时:to have done ④进行时：to be doing3、句子功能：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语（宾补）Eg: ①To catch the early train, you`ll have to get up early.(目的状语)②I rushed there in a taxi only to find the library closed.(结果状语：意外结果)。
③This is very good music to dance to.(定语)④It is necessary to learn English well.(主语，it 为形式主语)4、不定式的省略1）（为了避免重复）并列结构中第二个to：I want to get up early and read English.例外：前后表对比时，to不可省去:To be or not to be ,that is the question.It is better to lose one’s life than to lose one’s spirit.2) （为了避免重复）省去to后的不定式结构：—Would you liketo go shopping?—Yes,I`d like to.例外：to后有have/be时，保留be或have—Did you go shopping yesterday? —No, but I ought to have.5、不定式主动形式表被动意义1）主(sth)+ be + 主补/表语（表性质的adj. + to do）2) 主＋Vt + 宾语 + 宾补（adj.+ to do)3) 主 + Vt+ 宾语+定语(to do): 不定式作定语与所修饰的名词（代词）构成逻辑动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
语法（非谓语动词）I. 动词不定式和动名词的构成形式动词不定式是由“ to + 动词原形”构成；动名词由动词+ing构成。
主动式有：一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式；II. 动词不定式、动名词用法要点讲解一．做主语⒈不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1)把不定式置于句首。
如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。
如：①It＋be＋名词＋to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb + some time + to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to doIt is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to doIt seemed impossible to save money.在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等；在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。
在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。
非谓语动词写作指导第一局部：非谓语动词在剧中所做成分一、非谓语动词作状语George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.乔治战后归来，却被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。
One evening Harry phoned me, asking me to come to his flat as soon as possible.一天晚上哈里给我打，要求我尽快去他家。
Seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital immediately.因为受伤较重，他得被立即送往医院。
二、非谓语动词作宾语She pretended not to see me when I passed by.当我经过时，她假装没看见我。
I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，并记得在那里所看到的一切。
三、非谓语动词作宾补I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.我抬头看，注意到一条蛇正沿树蜿蜒而上，捕捉它的早餐。
I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much.发现我的家乡变化如此之大我感到很惊奇。
I saw him go upstairs.我看到他上楼了。
四、非谓语动词作定语Laura was away in Paris fbr over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail waitingfor her.劳拉去巴黎待了一周多的时间。
高三英语语法复习讲座----非谓语动词非谓语动词是指动词的三种变化形式，在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式。
非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词〔分词包括现在分词和过去分词〕不定式的构成：是由“to+动词原形”构成即、to do，否认式是not to do不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
不定式的作用：不定式可以做主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语。
1、作主语不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。
往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。
如：It took us two hours to finish the exam.It is important for us to study English well.It is very kind of you to help me with my English.注意：〔1〕其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。
〔2〕当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is …to…的句型。
试比较：It is to support my own idea to believe him.〔错〕To believe him is to support my own idea .〔对〕〔3〕It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时，用of, 否则用for. It’s brave of him to save the boy. 可以说成，He is brave to save the boy.2、作宾语（1）动词+不定式。
如：He managed to escape from the fire.I find it hard to get along with him.〔it 作形式宾语〕注：以下动词通常用不定式作宾语：plan, hope, wish, promise, refuse, help, decide, learn,agree, choose等（2）动词+疑问词+to , “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。
非谓语动词 1.知道非谓语和谓语之间的区别2.掌握ing 、done 、to do 的不同用法3. .了解非谓语在句子都能做什么成分 [解读要点]（状语、定语、宾语、宾补、主语、表语）Many Chinese brands ，having developed their reputations over centuries ，are facing new challenges from the modern market.很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。
There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题仍需要解决。
[先试做题组]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save (save) their valuable time.2．The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment ， to allow (allow) more patients to be treated.[再解读要点]1．不定式作状语（to do ）作目的状语，可用in order to 替换，意为“为了；想要”。
To make it easier to get in touch with us ，you 'd better keep this card at hand.为了便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。
2．分词作状语非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。
现在分词（doing ）作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
1非谓语动词用法总结一．非谓语动词区别简表二．不定式的用法不定式不可作谓语，但它可以有自己的宾语、状语，构成不定式短语，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语（表用途）、状语或补足语。
高考对不定式的考查主要有不定式的时态、语态、作用、否定、省略、连词＋不定式等。
1.作主语不定式作主语表示具体的动作，通常指一件已知的事或目的。
不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事，做是另外一回事。
)（2）不定式短语较长时，通常放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。
eg:①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。
)②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。
)③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。
)2.作宾语（1）常只用不定式作宾语的动词有：want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend,decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,learn,choose,ref use,fail,manage,pretend等。
eg:①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我.)②She has agreed to come tomorrow.(他已同意明天来.)(2) 不定式较长时，作宾语，也可用it代替，放在后面。
eg;I find it difficult to do the job well.(3) “特殊疑问词﹢不定式to do结构”具有名词特征，可作宾语。
eg:①She didn’t know whether to go or not.②They haven’t decided when and where to build the school.（4）不定式可作介but,except,besides“除……之外”的宾语，介词前有实义动词do的任何一种形式，后边的不定式就无to,否则必带to。
eg:①I want to do nothing but play the computer games。
②I have no choice but to wait。
3.动词不定式作表语（1）不定式作表语放在be和其他系动词后，说明主语的内容。
同样，“特殊疑问词＋不定式”具有名词特征，也可作表语。
eg:①My job is to sweep the floor.②His goal was to enter the key university of Beijing.③The first question is how to find a better way to learn English well.(2)不定式作主语时，表语也必须为不定式，结构必须保持一致。
eg:To see is to believe.(3)如果主语部分的谓语动词或非谓语动词是实义动词do的某种形式，那么作表语的不定式可以省去to.eg:①The first thing to do is find her.②The only thing he could do was tell the truth.4.不定式作定语不定式作定语常放在所修饰的名词或代词后。
eg:①I have something important to tell you.(不定式与被修饰名词构成被动关系。
)②His wish to be an artist has never come true.( 不定式与被修饰名词构成同位关系。
)He is the right man to do the job. ( 不定式与被修饰名词构成主动关系。
)The little girl was unhappy because she had no friends to play with. ( 不定式与被修饰名词构成主动关系。
)（注：若不定式为不及物动词，其后须加上相应的介词。
)5.不定式作状语不定式作状语主要是表示目的、条件、原因和结果，可位于句首或句末，但句首时通常用逗号隔开。
eg:①We set off early that morning to catch the first bus.（目的）②To get a good result,she worked very hard.（目的）③I feel it an honor to be invited to the party.(条件)④She was very happy to get the first prize.(原因)⑤He worked hard only to fail.(结果)(注：1.不定式常用在so as 或in order后,与它们一起作谓语，表示目的，但so as引起的不定式不可置于句首。
eg:In order to avoid mistakes,check your homework.2.不定式表目的常和only连用，往往表示出乎意料的意想不到的不愿得到的结果。
eg:He hurried to the station only to find the train had left.)3．“形容词＋enough＋不定式”和“too＋形容词或副词（不表情感）＋不定式” 也可作结果状语。
eg:①He is old enough to go to school.② He is too weak to raise the stone.但“too＋表情感形容词（pleased,ready,glad,willing,anxious等）＋to do”表示肯定意义，too前面可用only,but等词修饰。
eg:①They were (only) too anxious to leave.(他们只是太急于离开了。
)②She is (only) too pleased to go home.(她非常高兴可以回家了。
)6.不定式作补语不定式作补语表示动作的完成。
宾语与作补语的不定式之间是主动关系。
（1）后接动词不定式作宾补的常见动词有：want,wish,expect,prefer,like,hate,ask,beg,request,require,beg,get,advise,persuade,invite,order,remind,pe rmit,allow,send,callon,wouldlike/love,arrange for,depend on等。
eg:①She wanted me to arrive there early.②Our headmaster call on us to work hard.（2）动词不定式可作感官动词（五看二听一感觉）即：see,look at,watch,observe,notice，hear,listen to，feel）和使让动词（let,make,have等）后面的宾补时，不定式符号to要省略，但如果句子变被动结构，必须带to.表示动作的完成。
eg:①He made them climb the hill.②They were made to climb the hill.(3)动词不定式可作形容词的补足语动词不定式可作形容词的补足语，句型为：(一)主语＋系动词＋表语（adj为convenient/easy/expensive/difficult/hard/impossible/pleasent等）＋to do.(注：to do常用主动表被动，其中do为vt,主语为to do的宾语。
)（二）主语＋find/think/consider/believe等＋宾语＋adj＋to do.(注：其中to do常用主动表被动，其中do为vt,主语为to do的宾语。
)eg: ①He is easy to fool.② The woman is easy to work with.③ He found the job is difficult to work out.（４）“特殊疑问词＋不定式to do”具有名词特征，可作宾补。
(谓语动词多为show,know,teach,tell 等。
)eg:I’ll tell you how to get there7不定式作评注性状语或插入语不定式可以作评注性状语或插入语,放在句子前面、中间或末尾。
常见的有to be frank,to be honest,to tell the truth,to begin with，to start with,to be short等。
eg:To begin with,I think you are wrong.三．动名词用法动名词具有动词和名词的特点，有一般式和完成式，有主动式和被动式，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语.否定形式在其前面加not.（1）动名词作主语动名词作主语表示抽象动作，指一件已知的事或经验。
eg:①Driving a car on the crowded road is boring.②Reading is my hobby.（2）常只用动名词作宾语的动词有：admit,avoid,appreciate,consider,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk ,resist,suggest等。
eg:①I can’t imagine marrying her.②She managed to escape being punished.以下动词词组后面只接动名词作宾语：give up,belong to,look forward to,keep on,insist on,be busy,get down to,be devoted to,have difficulty/trouble(in),have a good/wonderful time (in)等。
eg:①I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.②He gave up smoking three years.(3)动名词可作表语动名词可作表语，一般为主语的内容.表示一般性或习惯性的动作。
在概念上可以和主语划等号。
把主语和表语倒过来，句子的基本含义不变。
eg:His hobby is painting.(4)动名词可作定语动名词可作定语，表示所修饰事物的功能或用途。
