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【英语听力】英国女王配偶菲利普亲王与世长辞Prince Philip, the husband of Britain’s Queen Elizabeth has died. The royal family said he was 99 years old on Friday.The Duke of Edinburgh was Prince Philip’s official name. He had been by his wife’s side as she led the country for 69 years. She has been queen longer than any other ruler in British history.The British royal family said in a statement, “It is with deep sorrow that Her Majesty The Queen announces the death of her beloved husband, His Royal Highness The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.”“His Royal Highness passed away peacefully this morning at Windsor Castle. Further announcements will be made in due course. The Royal Family join with people around the world in mourning his loss.”Philip was born into the royal families of Greece and Denmark. His father was Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark and his mother was Princess Alice of Battenberg. Philip married Elizabeth in 1947.He helped to bring the British royal family tradition into modern life after World War Two. In Buckingham Palace, the official royal family home, he was said to be the one person the queen could turn to and trust.“He has, quite simply, been my strength and stay all these years,” Elizabeth said in a speech marking the 50th anniversary of their marriage in 1997. “I, and his whole family, and this and many other countries, owe him a debt greater than he would ever claim, or we shall ever know.”Philip spent four weeks in the hospital earlier this year. He received treatment for an infection and had surgery on his heart. He died just two months before he was to celebrate his 100th birthday.Buckingham Palace and government buildings across Britain lowered their flags. There are no public details about his funeral yet. But the ceremonies are likely be smaller and quieter than usual for royal deaths. That would reflect Philip’s well-known dislike of a big production.At times, Philip was known for comments considered as sexist and racist. The prince also completed more than 20,000 appearances as senior member of the royal family to help British interests at home and around the world. He headed organizations that help others in need and helped raise his four children, including Prince Charles, the heir to the throne. Philip retired from public life in August 2017.A former naval officer, Philip admitted he found it hard to give up his military career to take on the job as the queen’s partner. The prince once said to his old friend that his job “first, second and last —was never to let her [the queen] down.”British Prime Minister Boris Johnson said of Philip, “he helped to steer the royal family and the monarchy so that it “remains an institution indisputably vital to the balance and happi ness of our national life.”The British opposition leader Keir Starmer added, “He will be remembered most of all for his extraordinary commitment and devotion to The Queen.”I’m Jonathan Evans.【参考译文】英国女王伊丽莎白二世的丈夫菲利普亲王去世，王室称周五他才年满99岁。
英国王室继承历史简介文章正文：英国从829年开始有王朝的说法，一直延伸到现在，大约历经1000年。
大约经历11个王朝。
看欧洲历史，这些王朝名字，以及国王名字最麻烦，不好记。
但是一个简单的思路就是，欧洲很多人都是姓很多，但是名字很少，跟我们中国恰恰相反，我们是姓很少，名字很多，一般家族内不会重名，但是欧洲由于特殊原因，他们姓很多，比如我们常说的，克林顿，布什，特朗普，拜登，盖茨，马克思，恩格斯都是姓，而不是名字。
比尔盖茨，姓盖茨，这是家族的名字。
他叫比尔。
比尔盖茨，比尔克林顿。
英国基本上是欧洲不间断的传承。
可以说是从英国开始的。
英国的王朝，比如说都铎王朝，金雀花王朝，兰开斯特王朝，约克王朝，都是家族姓的名字。
就跟我们说，宋朝，也可以叫赵宋王朝。
因为王朝建立者姓赵，子孙都姓赵，所以可以叫赵宋王朝，理解了这一点，就可以理解英国法国德国等欧洲国家的国王名字了。
那些所谓的查理一世查理二世，爱德华三世等等，都是名字，而不是姓。
也就是说，他们王朝第三个国王叫查理，所以为了跟之前的第一个第二个查理国王区分，才叫查理三世。
哪怕第一百个国王叫查理，他的国王顺序就是查理100世。
换句话说，跟秦始皇当时想的一样，自己叫秦皇一世，有秦二世，秦三世，秦100世。
但是很可惜，秦朝二世而亡。
也就没有秦三世了。
所以理解了这一点，下面的王朝与国王的名字就好区分了。
威塞克斯王朝（829-1016年）合计约187年，15个国王。
相当于中国的唐末-北宋前50年。
也就说中国历史上科技文化最辉煌的时代，英国刚刚建立起王国政府，之前都是一盘散沙的时代。
丹麦王朝（1016-1042）丹麦打败了威塞克斯王朝的，开始统治英国，大约27年，英国历史上被丹麦海盗统治过。
历经3个国王威塞克斯王朝复辟（1042-1066）复辟了大约24年。
历经2个国王。
诺曼王朝（1066-1154年）大约89年，历经4个国王。
2个威廉国王，1个亨利国王，相当于中国北宋时代。
英国皇室阶级划分
英国皇室阶级划分包括以下几个主要等级：
1.女王/国王（女王/国王是皇室最高领袖，代表英国皇室行使国家元首的职权）；
2.王储（王储是女王的继承人，通常为长子或长女）；
3.亲王/公主（亲王是女王的配偶，公主是王储的配偶；亲王和公主通常代表皇室参加各种活动，是皇室的象征）；
4.公爵/公爵夫人（公爵是女王授予最高等级的贵族，通常拥有大量的财富和土地；公爵夫人通常是公爵的妻子）；
5.侯爵/侯爵夫人（侯爵是女王授予第二等级的贵族，通常也拥有大量的财富和土地；侯爵夫人通常是侯爵的妻子）；
6.伯爵/伯爵夫人（伯爵是女王授予第三等级的贵族，通常拥有一定的财富和土地；伯爵夫人通常是伯爵的妻子）；
7.子爵/子爵夫人（子爵是女王授予第四等级的贵族，通常也拥有一定的财富和土地；子爵夫人通常是子爵的妻子）；
8.男爵/男爵夫人（男爵是女王授予第五等级的贵族，通常拥有较少的财富和土地；男爵夫人通常是男爵的妻子）；
9.准男爵/准男爵夫人（准男爵是女王授予第六等级的贵族，也拥有较少的财富和土地；准男爵夫人通常是准男爵的妻子）；
10.贵妇人（贵妇人是女王授予最低等级的贵族，通常是贵族家族的女性成员）。
除了以上等级外，还有勋爵、空军上校、海军上校、男爵、议员等称号。
这些等级和称号是根据个人在政治、军事、社会等方面的贡献和表现来授予的。
The British royal familyAbstract: The British Royal Family is the group of close relatives ofthe monarch of the United Kingdom. The term is also commonly applied to the same group of people as the relations of the monarch in her or his role as sovereign of any of the other Commonwealth realms, thus sometimes at variance with official national terms for the family. Members of the royal family belong to, either by birth or marriage, the House of Windsor, since 1917, when George V changed the name of the royal house from Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Members of the Royal Family carry out public duties; these individuals receive an annual payment known as a Parliamentary Annuity, the funds being supplied to cover office costs. Members of the Royal Family participate in hundreds of public engagements yearly throughout the whole of the United Kingdom, as formally recorded in the Court Circular, to honor, encourage and learn about the achievements or endeavors of individuals, institutions and enterprises in a variety of areas of life. The style His Majesty or Her Majesty is enjoyed by a king, a queen regnant, a queen consort, and a queen dowager. Female consorts of the British sovereign have not been created peers or peeresses. Male consorts, however, have sometimes been granted dukedoms.Key words: the British royal family, the members, the publicrole and image, Funding, Royal styles and titles, Peerages1. IntroductionMembers and relatives of the British Royal Family historically represented the monarch in various places throughout the British Empire, sometimes for extended periods as viceroys, or for specific ceremonies or events. Today, they often perform ceremonial and social duties throughout the United Kingdom and abroad on behalf of the UK, but, aside from the monarch, have no constitutional role in the affairs of government.2. The current members of the Royal Family·HM The Queen and HRH The Duke of Edinburgh (her consort)•TRH The Prince of Wales and The Duchess of Cornwall (The Queen's eldest son and his second wife)••• • • • •TRH Duke of Cambridge and Duchess of Cambridge (The Prince of Wales's elder son and his wife) o HRH Prince Henry of Wales (Commonly referred to as Prince Harry) (The Prince of Wales's younger son) HRH The Duke of York (The Queen's second son) o HRH Princess Beatrice of York (The Duke of York's elder daughter) o HRH Princess Eugenie of York (The Duke of York's younger daughter) TRH The Ear and Countess of Wessex (The Queen's third son and his wife) o Viscount Severn (The Earl of Wessex's son) o Lady Louise Windsor (The Earl of Wessex's daughter) HRH The Princess Royal (The Queen's daughter) TRH The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester (The Queen's cousin and his wife) TRH The Duke and Duchess of Kent (The Queen's cousin and his wife) TRH Prince and Princess Michael of Kent (The Queen's cousin and his wife) HRH Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy (The Queen's cousin)o3. Public role and imageMembers of the Royal Family participate in hundreds of public engagements yearly throughoutthe whole of the entire United Kingdom, as formally recorded in the Court Circular, to honor, encourage and learn about the achievements or endeavors of individuals, institutions and enterprises in a variety of areas of life. As representatives of the Queen, they often also join the nation in commemorating historical events, holidays, celebratory and tragic occurrences, and may also sponsor or participate in numerous charitable, cultural and social activities. Their travels abroad on behalf of the UK draw celebrity-like attention to amicable relations within and between the Commonwealth and other nations, to British goods and trade, and to Britain as a historical, vacation, and tourist destination. Throughout their lives they draw enormous media coverage in the form of photographic, written and televised commentary on their activities, family relationships, rites of passage, personalities, attire, behavior, and public roles. Senior members of the royal family often drive themselves instead of having a driver.4．FundingMembers of the Royal Family carry out public duties; these individuals receive an annual payment known as a Parliamentary Annuity, the funds being supplied to cover office costs. These amounts are repaid by HM The Queen from her private funds. Though always voluntarily subject to the Value Added Tax and other indirect taxes, HM The Queen agreed to pay taxes on income and capital gains from 1992, although the details of this arrangement are both voluntary and secret. At the same time it was announced that only HM The Queen and HRH Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh would receive civil list payments. Since 1993 HM The Queen's personal estate (e.g. shareholdings, personal jewelry, Sandringham House and Balmoral Castle) will be subject to Inheritance Tax, though bequests from Sovereign to Sovereign are exempt.5. Royal styles and titlesThe style His Majesty or Her Majesty (HM) is enjoyed by a king, a queen regnant, a queen consort, and a queen dowager. Use of the style His Royal Highness or Her Royal Highness (HRH) and the titular dignity of Prince or Princess are governed by Letters Patent issued by George V on 30 November 1917 and published in the London Gazette on 11 December 1917. These Letters Patent state that henceforth only the children of the Sovereign, the children of the sons of the Sovereign, and the eldest son of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales would "have and at all times hold and enjoy the style, title or attribute of Royal Highness with their titular dignity of Prince or Princess prefixed to their respective Christian names or with their other titles of honor." They further state, "the grandchildren of the sons of any such Sovereign in the direct male line shall have the style and title enjoyed by the children of Dukes." Under these conventions, HM The Queen's children, the children of HRH Prince The Prince of Wales, HRH Prince The Duke of York and HRH Prince The Earl of Wessex are titled Princes or Princesses and styled Royal Highness. However, upon HRH Prince Edward's marriage in 1999, it was announced that his children would be styled as earl's children, but no Letters Patent were issued to deny them their princely status or HRH. The Duke of Gloucester, The Duke of Kent, Princess Alexandra, the Hon. Lady Ogilvy and Prince Michael of Kent enjoy the titular dignity of Prince or Princess and the style Royal Highness as male-line grandchildren of HM King George V. However, none of their children have royal titles. For example, the children of Prince Michael of Kent are known as Lord Frederick Windsor and Lady Gabriella Windsor, the courtesy titles as children of dukes. They are not entitled to any royal title. The children of HRHPrincess The Princess Royal, HRH Princess Alexandra and Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon, are not entitled to any royal title since princesses do not transmit their titles to theirchildren. An exception to this rule was when HM King George VI issued Letters Patent such that his heiress presumptive, HRH Princess Elizabeth, could transmit her title to her children. HRH Princess Margaret's son enjoys the courtesy title Viscount Linley as the son and heir of the Earl of Snowdon, while her daughter enjoys the courtesy title Lady. The children of HRH Princess Anne, The Princess Royal and Princess Alexandra have no titles, because Mark Phillips and Sir Angus Ogilvy did not accept hereditary peerages upon marriage. Women marrying sons and male-line grandsons of a Sovereign are normally styled Her Royal Highness followed by the feminized version of her husband's highest title. The wives of royal peers are known as "HRH The Duchess of ..." or " HRH The Countess of ..." Thus, the wives of The Duke of Kent, The Duke of Gloucester, and The Earl of Wessex are "HRH The Duchess of Kent," "HRH The Duchess of Gloucester," and "HRH The Countess of Wessex," respectively. Before her divorce, Diana, Princess of Wales enjoyed the title and style of "HRH the Princess of Wales." However, when a woman marries a prince who does not hold a peerage, she is known as HRH Princess [Her husband's Christian name], followed by whatever territorial or titular designation.6. PeeragesFemale consorts of the British sovereign have not been created peers or peeresses. Male consorts, however, have sometimes been granted dukedoms. Prince George of Denmark, the husband of the future Queen Anne, was created Duke of Cumberland in 1683. Queen Victoria's husband, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, was given the style Royal Highness before his marriage. In 1857, Queen Victoria granted him title of Prince Consort; however, Prince Albert was not made a British peer. Prince Philip, husband of the present Queen, was created Duke of Edinburgh and granted the style Royal Highness the day before his wedding Generally, the sons of the Sovereign are awarded peerage dignities to mark either adulthood or marriage. Originally, younger sons of the Sovereign were not styled Princes; thus, to indicate their exalted rank, peerage dignities were conferred upon them. From the time of Edward III, nearly every son of a Sovereign surviving into adulthood became a Duke. Certain dukedoms were granted more often than others, including the Dukedoms of York, Albany and Clarence. Normally, a peerage once awarded to a member of the Royal Family is not thereafter granted to any person outside the Royal Family.The Dukedom of York is generally created for the second son of the Sovereign. The first creation was in 1384; the dukedom merged in the Crown in 1461. Every Duke thereafter has either died without heirs or succeeded to the Crown, and so has not been able to leave the Royal Family. The pattern of awarding the dukedom to the second-eldest son of the Sovereign was upset by George I, who gave the Dukedom of York and Albany to his younger brother. The Dukedom of York and Albany was next granted by George II to the second son of his son, who had predeceased him. York and Albany featured one last time as a dukedom in 1784, when George III granted it to his second son. Thereafter, the dukedom has always borne the designation York, rather than York and Albany. The current duke is The Prince Andrew, second son of Queen Elizabeth II. The Dukedom of Albany served a function similar to the Dukedom of York in Scotland. The dukedom was created in 1398 for Robert Stewart, brother of King Robert III. It was at the time the only dukedom other than the Dukedom of Roth says. It was created thrice more in Scotland: twice for the second son of a Sovereign, and once for a brother of a Sovereign. It was last created in 1881 for the fourth son of Queen Victoria; the dukedom was then suspended under the Titles Deprivation Act after its holder fought on the side of Germany during World War I.7. ConclusionIn the United Kingdom there is no strict legal or formal definition of who is or is not a member of the Royal Family, and different lists will include different people, those carrying the style Her or His Majesty , or Her or His Royal Highness are always considered members, which usually results in the application of the term to the monarch. the consort of the monarch, the widowed consorts of previous monarchs, the children of the monarch and previous monarchs, the male-line grandchildren of the monarch and previous monarchs, and the spouses and the widows of a monarch's and previous monarch's sons and male-line grandsons. The British royal family is a big and complicated royal family, and its family members lead an excellent and colorful royal life, which is witnessed by the public eyes.References·Project Britain- BRITISH LIFE AND CULTURE by Mandy Barrow;·Wikimedia projects- most of these terms derive from the Wikimedia Foundation project, which I found on the Internet.。
介绍英国的演讲稿1. 跪求引见英国的英语演讲稿,是关于景点的,帮帮忙啊英国王室的英文引见 British Royal Family The British Royal Family is a shared royal family. This article describes the Royal Family from the perspective of United Kingdom. In some other Commonwealth Realms, the concept, function and position of the royal family is similar, but the historical and cultural significance may differ. For information on the Royal Family in the other Realms, see Other Realms.Close relatives of the monarch of the United Kingdom are known by the appellation The Royal Family. Although there is no strict legal or formal definition of who is or is not a member of the Royal Family [1], and different lists will include different people, those carrying the style His or Her Majesty (HM) or His or Her Royal Highness (HRH) are generally considered members, which usually results in the application of the term to these persons:the monarch (the king or queen); the consort of the monarch (his or her spouse); the widowed consorts of previous monarchs (Queen Mother or Queen Dowager); the children of the monarch; the grandchildren of the monarch; the spouses and the widowed spouses of a monarch's son and male-line grandsons; and before 1917, great-grandchildren in the male line. The current BritishRoyal Family are members of the House of Windsor.Collaterals of the British Royal Family The following descendants (or widows) of the younger children of Queen Victoria, King Edward VII, and King George V The Earl of Harewood (grandson of King George V through his daughter Mary, Princess Royal), his second wife, and his children, and grandchilddren, as well as the children and grandchildren of his now deceased brother, Gerald Lascelles. The Duke of Fife (female-line great-grandson of King Edward VII) and his children and grandchildren The Lady Saltoun (widow of Alexander Ramsay of Mar, a female-line grandson of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, the third son of Queen Victoria), and her children and grandchildren The Marquess of Milford Haven (grandson of George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven, and a first cousin once removed of the Duke of Edinburgh), and his family The Countess Mountbatten of Burma (elder daughter of Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma and a first cousin of the Duke of Edinburgh), and her family The Earl of Harewood is a female-line first cousin of the Queen. The Duke of Fife, the Marquess of Milford Haven, the Countess Mountbatten of Burma, and the Lady Saltoun, and their respective families, as well as Lord Harewood's descendants, are so distant from the reigningsovereign that they are relatives of, rather than members of, the Royal Family.None of these persons receive any monies from the State or undertake official engagements on behalf of the Queen. However, the Queen does invite them to private family functions and to participate in official royal occasions, such as the Trooping the Colour, the Golden Jubilee celebrations, and ceremonial or state funerals.There are three living former spouses of members of the British Royal Family:Sarah, Duchess of York (the former wife of the Duke of York), Captain Mark Phillips (the first husband of the Princess Royal), and The Earl of Snowdon (the former husband of the late Princess Margaret). Recently deceased members of the Royal Family include:HRH Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester (widow of Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, and mother to the present Duke of Gloucester) HRH The Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon (sister of the Queen) Diana, Princess of Wales (first wife of Charles, Prince of Wales) HM Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother (widow of King George VI and mother of the Queen)。
介绍英国的英语作文八年级As a country with a rich history and diverse culture,the United Kingdom is a fascinating subject to explore inan English essay. From its iconic landmarks to itsinfluential literature, there are countless topics to cover when discussing the UK. Below, I will delve into thevarious aspects of the country in both English and Chinese.The United Kingdom, located off the northwestern coastof mainland Europe, is made up of four constituent countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Each of these nations has its own distinct culture and traditions, adding to the overall diversity of the UK.One of the most famous aspects of the UK is its monarchy. With a history dating back over a thousand years, theBritish royal family is a source of fascination for people around the world. The pomp and ceremony surrounding events such as royal weddings and coronations have made the monarchy an enduring symbol of British identity.In addition to its monarchy, the UK is also known forits contributions to literature. From the works of WilliamShakespeare to the novels of Jane Austen and Charles Dickens, British literature has had a profound impact onthe world. The UK is also home to some of the most prestigious universities in the world, including the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge.Furthermore, the UK is renowned for its iconic landmarks. From the historic Tower of London to the modernarchitecture of London's skyline, there is no shortage of impressive sights to see. The UK is also home to beautiful countryside, including the rolling hills of the LakeDistrict and the rugged coastline of Cornwall.In terms of modern culture, the UK has a thriving music and film industry. British bands and musicians haveachieved global success, and the UK has produced some ofthe most iconic films and television shows in history.Overall, the United Kingdom is a country with a rich and varied heritage. Its history, literature, landmarks, and modern culture all contribute to its unique identity on the world stage.英国是一个历史悠久、文化多样的国家，探讨英国是一个非常有趣的话题。
英国皇室列表英国皇室：威塞克斯王朝(续)：1爱德华(1042-1066)(忏悔者，埃塞尔雷德二世之子，以母系血统继承哈迪卡努特)2哈罗德.戈德温 (1066)(爱德华部下，1066年贤人会议选举继位)英国皇室：诺曼王朝1威廉一世(1028年9月-1087年9月9日)(诺曼底公爵1035-1087，英格兰国王1066-1087.忏悔者爱德华表弟，黑斯廷斯战役击败哈罗德成为英格兰国王)2威廉二世(1060-1100)(英格兰国王1087-1100 )(威廉一世之次子。
长兄罗伯特继承诺曼公国)3亨利一世(1068-1135)(英格兰国王1100-1135)4斯蒂芬(1096-1154)(英格兰国王1135-1154)(威廉二世和亨利一世外甥，法国的布鲁瓦伯爵之子，母亲阿黛拉是威廉一世四女。
)英国皇室：金雀花王朝(安茹王朝)1亨利二世(1133-1189)(英格兰国王1154-1189 )(安茹伯爵戈特弗雷德和亨利一世的女儿玛蒂尔达之子。
同阿基坦女公爵埃丽诺结婚，取得法国南部大片领地。
在位期间确立对爱尔兰统治权)2理查一世(1157年9月8日-1199年4月6日)(英格兰国王1189-1199)(参加十字军东征，获得狮心王的称号。
镇压阿基坦叛乱时身亡。
身为国王十年，在英格兰的时间只有六个月)3约翰(1167-1216)(英格兰国王1199-1216)(无地王，在贵族胁迫下签署《大宪章》，布汶战役被法国击败，失去大部分大陆领地)4亨利三世(1207-1272)(英格兰国王1216-1272)5爱德华一世(1239-1307)(英格兰国王1272-1307)6爱德华二世(1284-1329)(英格兰国王1307-1327)(征服苏格兰失败，承认其独立。
被王后伊莎贝拉和小舅子法王查理四世谋害)7爱德华三世(1312-1377)(英格兰国王1327-1377)发动英法百年战争，在克莱西和普瓦提埃大破法国骑士团，获得法国西南的大片土地)8理查二世(1367-1400)(英格兰国王1377-1399)(黑太子爱德华之子。
