CONVERSATION1.课程相关事务场景intro / basic course introductoryintermediate (level course higher coursesign up for …registerenroll♦Discussion讨论n, presentation个人陈述n, topic话题,主题n, lecture演讲(n.good choice好的选择, slide幻灯片n, library图书馆n, collection收集n, check支票n, librarian 图书馆管理员n Report报告n, office hour 教授答疑♦时间, submit上交v, on disk在磁盘上, hard copy硬皮书, soft copy软皮书, computer电脑n, print打印v, computer lab电脑实验室♦Project工程,计划n, tons of很多(a ton of ,tons of, cover 覆盖, re-write重写v, research data研究数据, information 信息n, input投入n,输入v, presentation个人陈述n, complete完整的adj, 完成vt♦Term paper学期报告, grade分数,成绩n, complicated复杂的adj, terrible mistake严重的(糟糕的错误, edited version编辑过的版本, submit上交n, overtired过度劳累adj, stressed有压力的adj, rushing(急急忙忙的against the clock争分夺秒, mark标记,分数n, draft起草vt,草图n, print打印vt(printer 打印机n, final paper期末论文, maintaining average保持平均水平, application申请n, drop 扔掉, re-take重上, due到期的adj, extension延期n, discuss 讨论vt, check back 查阅记录, re-reading评价, submission 上交n♦Information信息n, exam schedule考试规划表, term术语,学期n, date日期, book预定vt,书n, department部门,院系n, invigilator监考人n, sign up选择选修课程(required 必须的/compulsory 被强制的course必修课 (selective/elective/optional course选修课(register注册, sheet纸张=paper(a sheet of 张,表量词, bulletin board 公告栏, faculty lounge教师休息室, square正方形,广场n, draft起草,草图, dean系主任=department chair(person, review评估, draw up起草=draft=first version,♦Manual手工(manufacture制造,consult咨询, register 注册Physiology 生理学100, sophomore大学二年级生, second year course第二年课程, first year student新生, transfer转变, begin my first lecture开始我的第一堂课, introduce介绍,引进, complete完整的,完成, approach方法n,接近vt, laws of physics and chemistry法律的物理和化学, process of life生命的过程, vital force机体,生命力, philosophical approach哲学方法,scientific experimentation科学实验♦Final exam期末考试, midterm期中, multiple choice question多项选择的问题, essay question问答题, comprehensive exam综合考试, the subject主题,科目, review评估, textbook教科书, class note课堂笔记, the finalwill count for占比例50% of your grade最后的是你50%的成绩, research project 研究项目, run into problems遇到问题♦School bulletin学校公告, required writing course必修的写作课程, first year student新生, third year student大三学生, research paper研究论文, sign up选择选修课, cover the entire process of writing a research paper写包含整个过程的研究性论文, selecting topic选择话题, final format最后的格式, presentation个人陈述, hand in上交, assignment作业,任务, final grade期末成绩♦Class meeting班会, lecture演讲, different concept不同的观点, hand in上交, issue事件, revision 修订, grade成绩,分数♦Research paper研究论文, due到期, proposed topics被推荐的主题, make comment发表评论, the most frequent problem最常见的问题, broad宽阔部分, preliminary outline 初步概括, schedule规划表, available空闲的,可利用的, appointment约定, final outline最后描述, no more than two pages long不超过两页长, thesis statement中心思想句,论文观点, precise statement明确的观点, conclusion结论♦Workshop研讨会, intensive加强的,集中的, techniques and skills技术和技巧, personal attention个人看法, register注册, advantage优势♦Consecutive连贯的, community center社区活动中心, seminar研讨会, workshop 研讨会, beginning students新生, advanced students高年级学生,研究生, last four weeks最后四个星期, credit is awarded学分已获得, information信息♦Discuss讨论, schedule规划表, midterm期中, administer管理, attendance出席,出席人数, optional class选修课♦intro=introductory course / basic course♦intermediate course♦higher coursesigh up for / register / get enrolled 注册(课程 drop the course 弃课prerequisite 先决条件2.相关事务+专业讨论场景♦Course课程, semester学期, summer session暑假班, elective 选修的, bird course 大学易学课程, splendor 壮丽,lecture hall演讲会堂, lab实验室, tough decision艰难的决定, pick 选择, choose选择, grade成绩,学分, relaxed放松的, paper 论文, final exam 期末考试, advice建议,忠告, sign up选择选修课Enquiry 询问,credit course学分制课程, off-campus在校园外, program程序,计划, remote远程, access进入,接近, internet 因特网,degree程度,学位, distance education远程教育, diploma毕业证书,学位证书, requirement必要条件,format格式,板式, print materials打印材料, audio-tapes 录音带, video录像, teleconferencing电话会议的, deliver发表, cost花费, fixed date指定日期, history 历史490♦Drop扔掉, fail失败, math 101数学101, rough粗糙的, test 测试, med school 医学院♦Use your advice用你的建议, do premed做医学预科生, introductory course基础入门课程, non-science major非科学专业, be weak in不擅长, do poorly in成绩不好, meet at the same time同一时间, modern drama course现代话剧课♦Semester学期, enroll in选课, graduate course研究生课程,qualified合格的, hard time keep up, favorite interest最喜欢的兴趣, challenging挑战的, easy grade♦Permission to register允许注册, take the prerequisite前提条件, the beginning course第一次课, catalog 目录, instructor指导者, previous experience以前的经历, formal training正式的培训, decision决定♦Signature签名, schedule card计划表卡片, advisor’s approval导师的批准, quite a heavy load相当重负载, drop the course放弃课程, seminar讨论会♦Sign up for a noncredit course选择无学分的课程, intermediate level中间水平, grade成绩,学分, regular meeting定期的会♦Transfer转变, bachelor’s degree学士学位, associate同事, selective选修的, letters of recommendation推荐信♦Hard course难的课程, rehearsal排演, extra time额外时间, once a week每星期一次♦Flight program飞行计划, degree学位, license执照, excellent reputation极好的名声, selective选修的3.迟到旷课场景♦feel good感觉舒服, cover覆盖,包含, lecture演讲, point out 指出, chapter章,回, textbook教科书, part角色, divide分开, project项目, focus专注, due到期的, show up 露面, note 笔记, transcribe抄写, email电子邮件♦Oversleep睡过头, talk about谈论♦trouble with my car我的汽车有问题, lecture series系列讲座, attend参加, admission承认,入场卷♦fill me in something做某事充实自己, dentist牙科医生, emergency紧急情况, missed somebody’s lecture错过某人的演讲, note笔记, make sense有意义4.转学场景♦Public university公立大学, private university私立大学, community college社区学院/社区大学, reputation名声, class size大小班级, personal attention个人看法, individual attention个人看法, interact互相影响, group discussion小组讨论, tuition学费, expense花费, cost费用, afford买得起, affordable负担得起的, location地点, environment环境, large city大城市, small town小城镇, college town大学城, top student尖子生, application申请, experience经验, special特别的♦5.实验室场景♦Laboratory实验室, research procedure调查步骤, lab assistant实验室助理, retrieve information检索信息, track the course跟踪过程, monitor监视器, track the progress跟着进展♦Lab instructor实验室指导员, lab experience实验室经历, setup设置,机构, equipment设备, result结果, grade成绩,分数, lab notebook实验手册, proper precautions适当防御措施, protective goggles防护眼镜, toxic effect of chemicals 化学品的毒性作用, lab procedure实验步骤, heavy metal重金属♦Workbook工作手册, material原材料, experiment实验available空闲的,可利用的6.图书馆场景♦Library图书馆, check out借书, spread out展开, focus专注, jam拥挤spot地点,弄脏的,现场的, crowd一群,群众, comfy舒服的, confirm确认, far away遥远的♦Due到期时间, finish完成,renew更新,续借, check支票, library card图书证, late 迟的, mixed up混淆不清的, request / require请求, pay the fine罚金, overdue过期的, pay支付, process过程, sign符号,签署, suspend中止, borrowing privilege特权syllabus 课程大纲loan period借贷senior thesis 毕业论文faculty 全体教员♦Librarian图书管理员, facilities设备(正式的, reference room参考书资料室, reference material参考资料, dictionary 字典, bibliography参考书目, literature guide文学引导, telephone book电话号码簿, periodical room, newspaper, magazine, academic journal, current issue近期杂刊, older issue旧的杂刊, catalog图书目录, listed by title 列标题, by author and by topic通过作者和主题, call number呼叫号码,图书编目号码♦Return返还, shelves书架, check out借书, reserve a book存库书, overnight use 一夜之间使用♦secondhand bookstore二手书店, inscription题词, front cover封面, signature签名,署名, poetry book诗集♦paperback section 平装部分, index 检索,索引♦exit gate出口大门, check out借书♦put a book on reserve♦Reserve预定, additional copy附加的副本, article文章♦abstract 摘要,文摘electronic 电子的format 形式♦get access to 进入database数据库7.课堂内容讨论场景♦Scholarship奖学金, bursary奖学金,财务办公室, department部门,院系, information信息, financial aid经济援助, monetary货币的,财政的, grant授予, determine决定,committee委员会, donor捐赠者, apply for申请, financially 财政上, in need在危难中, consider考虑, out-of-town位于室外的, requirement要求,必要条件, website 网站,on-line 在线上, submit上交, official官方的, document文件, in person亲自♦scholarship奖学金, available空闲的,可利用的, maintain 维持,保持, average平均数, mark标志, apply for申请, applicant申请人, committee委员会, honor荣誉,信用, award奖品,授予, exam考试, candidate候选人, weight体重, guarantee保证, grade point average (GPA年纪平均成绩, percent百分比, website网站,address地址,演讲,♦rigorous严厉的, extra-curricular课外的, hardship困苦的, achievement成就, letter of recommendation推荐信, fill满足, time consuming job耗费时间的工作, recommend推荐, eligibility适任,合格, enrollment登记8.论文场景♦Organize组织起来, essay散文, topic主题, chosen,挑选出来broad宽阔的, narrow it down缩小, compare比较, focused聚集, interested感兴趣的, begin开始, discussion讨论, opinion意见, fact事实, support支持, idea想法, check支票, statistics统计, percentage百分比, include包含, words话,字, rough draft草稿,底子, outline概要,break down分解, subtopic 副主题,office hour教授答疑时间, reference参考,参照, material原材料♦Research paper研究论文, discuss讨论, topic主题, recommend推荐,介绍, theory 理论, work progress工作过程♦Report报道, subject主题,科目, catalog目录,published source出版来源, gather material聚集材料♦Information信息, plagiarize剽窃,抄袭, failing grade♦不及格, gather聚集,收集, note笔记, assimilate theinformation thoroughly彻底的吸收信息, paraphrase释义,改述, capture the main idea找到主要观点, quote directly直接引用, finalize the research paper完成研究论文♦Draft起草,草图, pass it out in our classes通过它在我们的课程, clear up the problem消除问题9.实地考查场景♦List清单, supply供给, on site现场, kit工具箱,装备, notebook笔记本, axe斧, glove手套, instrument仪器,工具, measure测量, clean打扫, cancel取消, weather天气, clothes 衣服, outside户外, food食物, snack零食, transportation运输, transport运输, dig挖♦Trip leader旅行领队, participate参与, report报告, field 野外旅游trip field work 实地工作♦10.体育运动场景♦Spring cycling season春天骑自行车的季节, regular hobby 定期的业余爱好, physical fitness routine体能常规, bicyclist 骑脚踏车者, expert riders熟练地骑手♦Endurance test耐力测试, recreational cyclists娱乐的骑自行车的人, racers比赛者♦Ski patrol滑雪巡逻, ski patroller 滑雪巡逻人,safety安全♦Physical education class体育课, rock climbing攀岩运动, rope绳, belt带,腰带, buckle皮带扣, safety equipment安全设备, climbing trip攀登旅行11.游玩场景♦Break休息, racket 球拍, reserve a court预定球场♦Rock concert摇滚音乐会, vacation假期, weather天气12.打工场景♦Summer break暑假, work工作, job职业, offer提议, excellent opportunity极好的机会, practice实习, wonderful 奇妙的, dilemma困境, difficult decision不同的决定, plan计划, volunteer志愿者, NGO非政府组织,chance机会, share 分享, interesting有趣的, spend预算,花费, accept接受program程序, interview接见,采访, company公司,陪伴, application申请, apply for申请, money钱, advice建议,忠告tough艰苦的, exam 考试, stressed有压力的, dread恐惧的, cram the night上考场, part-time兼职的, money 钱, board 板balance平衡, hit the book用功学习,准备功课, energy能量, tired疲倦, sleep睡觉, consolation安慰get through通过,达到, fun有趣, fondness爱好,溺爱♦Announcement 宣布, hire雇佣, part-time assistant兼职助手, experience经验, research研究, daily日报♦Laboratory assistant实验室助理, fill out an application填写申请, fit into my schedule符合计划表fill in / fill out / fill up空缺职位:opening ; open spot ; vacancy; vacant position ♦Variety of job opportunities各式各样的工作机会, responsible for为...负责, volunteer志愿者, service 服务, positions are open位置是开放的, link of service服务链接, career training职业培训, program available可获得的项目, demand physical endurance需求身体耐力, receive no salary 没有得到薪水, pay for living expense支付生活开支, housing and food allowance住房供给和伙食补助, additional information额外的信息♦Internship program实习计划, advanced planning先进的规划, career opportunities就业机会, working experience工作经验, short term experience短期经验, permanent employment 永久雇佣, full-time全职的, academic credit学术信誉, supervise监督管理, hand out分发career advisory service职业咨询服务, living expense生活开支Run跑,经营;marathon马拉松赛跑, motivator动力, back into shape恢复到位, inspire激发, running buddies跑步伙伴,positive积极地, sponsor赞助者, tons of money很多钱, cause 原因paycheck payroll 工资单bank account 银行账户deposit 存款♦Introduce介绍, campus daily校园日报, volunteer志愿者, salary薪水, ceremony 典礼,仪式13.报到注册场景♦Registration,登记,注册号time时间, determine决定, first year student新生, mail 邮件, designated date指定的日期, specific time特殊的时间, admission letter录取通知书, continuing students续读生, average平均的, previous以前的, session学期, pay工资, credit card信用卡, bank银行, teller 出纳员, confirmation slip确认单, in person亲自♦Registration登记,注册号, date日期, newly admitted student最近入学生, undergraduate大学生, junior大学三年级学生, sophomore大学二年级学生, returning student返校生, senior毕业班生,较高的,年长的, check支票, pay attention给予更多的关注, time时间, register注册, designated time指定的时间, pay支付, fee费用,小费, financial aid经济援助,助学金, financial officer财政官, sponsor赞助者, authorization letter授权书, on-line在线14.校园生活场景♦Move移动, accent口音, international group国际群体, major主修的, lucky运气, excellent卓越的, booklet小册子, regulation管理, rule规则, conductive传导的, quiet policy和平政策, self-policed自身监督, problem, allow容许, smoke, cook, plug插头, dryer烘干机, voltage电压, alarm警报, kitchen厨房, leftover残留物, clean-up day清洁日, hot water, meter米, washroom 盥洗室, laundry facility洗衣店设备, basement地下室, conserving energy保存能量, lounge area休息区, heat高温,压力, air-conditioning 空调系统, storage area 储存区, permit许可证, hallway走廊, community space社区空间, prior notification优先通知, safe安全, valuable贵重物品, housekeeper女管家, vacuum cleaner吸尘器, lock锁, key 钥匙, check支票, fire prevention equipment防火设备, cover 覆盖, overnight visitor夜晚的访问者, arrange安排, in advance预先, religious propaganda宗教宣传, dorm宿舍, furnishing供给,装备, park公园,停车场♦Roommate, dormitory宿舍, unpacking our things打开我们的东西, neat 整洁的♦Housing office, living off campus, cost, rent, utilities用具, need a car to commute 需要一辆车做通勤, noisy, peace and quiet安静♦Winter break寒假, dean系主任, vacation arrangement假期安排, fill up the forms 填表格, heating cost热气费, temporary accommodation临时住处♦Housing director安排住房的负责人, checkout procedure退房的步骤, leave for vacation动身去假期, return your key还钥匙,summer maintenance crew夏天的维修维护人员, residence advisor宿舍监管, pass around分发♦Apartment 公寓dump垃圾场, functional功能的, noisy有噪音的♦15.医院场景♦Diagnose诊断, patient’s illness, painful痛苦的, technological advance技术的提高/发展, blood and tissue sample血液和组织样本, diagnostic techniques诊断技术, detect diseases探查疾病, variations in temperature变更的温度, X rays, side effect副作用, uncomfortable, endure pain忍耐疼痛, health care卫生保健♦Medical clinic and infirmary医学诊所和医务室, nursing staff, get sick, a really bad cold, develop terrible coughs咳嗽, pneumonia肺炎, stay in the infirmary医务室, don’t feel well,rest more and skip a few classes休息太多和遗漏了很多课, get medical excuse得到医学借口, the clinic hour诊所小时, emergency number♦Modern medical facility现代医学设备, health needs, dental clinic牙科诊所, maternity ward产科病房, operating room手术室, special sugery 专门的外科,surgeons 外科医生♦Student Health Services, blood pressure血压, university nutritionists,大学营养学家processed foods加工食品, university hospital♦Pain, discharge排放,卸载, slight earache轻微耳朵痛, take it easy♦Prevention预防, symptoms症状, cough咳嗽, fever发烧, funny nose, head and bones ache, chill寒冷, flu流感, influenza流行性感冒, overtired过度疲劳, stressed out 有压力的, exposure to virus暴露于病毒, sneeze喷嚏, airborne virus 空气传播的病毒, body’s resistance抗体, ward off the flu避开流感, rest, eat well健康首选,吃得营养, drink a lot of water, immune system免疫系统, fight off illness,击退疾病immunized免疫的,vaccine疫苗,牛痘苗, university health center大学健康中心LECTURE1.*生物学antibody抗体toxin毒素immunity免疫immunology免疫学vaccine疫苗fungus 真菌bacteria细菌fermentation发酵inflection传染/ 感染microorganism / microbe微生物virus 病毒defection消毒sterilization灭菌biology生物学marine biology海洋生物学entomology昆虫学ornithology鸟类学microbiology微生物学genetics遗传学psychology 物种学parapsychology寄生虫学paleontology古生物学paleontologist 古生物学家dinosaur恐龙die out / extinction灭绝mammal哺乳动物carnivore食肉动物rodent啮齿类动物underwater水下的marine 海洋的scuba水下呼吸器diving 潜水/ 跳水one-celled organism单细胞有机体tissue(动植物细胞的组织protective camouflage保护色predator捕猎者oceanic snail 蜗牛animal adaptation 动物适应性survival of the fittest适者生存origin of species物种起源wild environment野生环境insecticide杀虫剂prenatal care 产后护理habitat栖息地tentacle触须prey捕食navigate导航tiny receptor接收器nerve / specimen 物种amphibian两栖类动物decline in the number数量减少gene基因genetic基因的,遗传的endangered species濒危动物survival活着的transition转变/过渡microbe微生物yeast 酵母(菌bacteria 细菌single-cell单细胞reptile爬行类动物hatch孵化descendant 后代incubation孵化nest巢offspring子孙chew up咀嚼unfertilized eggs未受精卵nutrient营养品nourishment营养品/ 食物feed 喂养cannibalism同类相食respiration呼吸ingestion摄食digestion消化digestive enzyme消化酶cell细胞cytoplasm细胞质plasma lemma / cell membrane细胞膜cell wall细胞壁protein蛋白质amino acid核酸plankton浮游生物heredity遗传mutation of species物种变异染色体chromosome genetic engineering遗传工程solitary独居的bio-diversity生物多样性metamorphosis变态/变形mutation变种variation变异vary varied动物学zoology动物学Darwinism达尔文学说natural selection自然选择phylum门class纲order目suborder亚目family科genus 属species 种invertebrate无脊椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物aquatic life 水生动物reptile爬行动物amphibian/amphibious animal两栖动物protozoa原生动物rodent啮齿动物ruminant反刍动物parasitic animal寄生动物primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate腔肠动物(如水母、海蜇、珊瑚等herbivore食草动物mammal哺乳动物homotherm 恒温动物cold-blooded animal冷血动物poikilotherm变温动物scavenger食腐动物carnivorous食肉的herbivorous食草的omnivorous杂食的bird鸟类incarnation 化身devour 吞herbal medicine herbal essence伪装hibernate 冬眠;蛰伏regeneration 再生predatorypredator 捕食者prey捕食hordes/swarms(昆虫等群flock(牛、羊等群community 动物的群落或人的部落population种群herd 兽群hygiene卫生sanitation公共卫生;卫生设施monogamous一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的polygamous一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的polyandrous一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的nomadic游牧的;流浪的trapper诱捕动物者niche小生态环境vestige 退化器fertilizer使受精单一的:mono-monolog monocycleuni-uniformunilateralsol-solar energysolosolitarydesolatetexture 质地,材质size & shapemyth mythologyreal world versionmetabolism新陈代谢breed(名词品种;(动词繁殖multiply / reproduce繁殖spawn(鱼、虾、蛙等孵anatomy 解剖appetite食欲学appetizer 开胃菜steak 牛排done medium rarecreature生物scales鳞feathers羽毛armor甲spinal cord脊椎digestive system消化系统excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统circulatory system循环系统respiratory system呼吸系统hormonal system内分泌系统digestive duct消化管esophagus食管stomach胃small intestine 小肠large intestine大肠anus肛门digestive gland消化腺salivary gland 唾液腺liver肝gallbladder胆pancreas胰squirrel松鼠marten貂bat蝙蝠squeak(老鼠等吱吱otter 水獭antelope羚羊gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩baboon 狒狒hyena鬣狗moose驼鹿beaver海狸elk麋鹿reindeer驯鹿giraffe长颈鹿rhinoceros犀牛hippo河马hippopotamus sloth树懒slothful懒惰的frog青蛙tadpole蝌蚪salamander 蝾螈scorpion蝎子turtle龟lizard蜥蜴chameleon变色龙caymen / crocodile鳄鱼centipede 蜈蚣robin知更鸟owl猫头鹰barnacle北极鹅penguin企鹅canary金丝雀chirp(鸟、虫的叫声vulture秃鹫crane鹤stork 鹳ptarmigan雷鸟migrate 迁移plumage羽体camouflage伪装wing翅膀bill(鸟嘴beak (鹰等的嘴insect昆虫wasp黄蜂hornet大黄蜂spider蜘蛛pest害虫worm虫/蠕虫cicada蝉mantis螳螂cockroach蟑螂earthworm蚯蚓antenna / tentacle触须larva幼虫2.海洋生物学jellyfish水母nettle fish海蜇coral珊瑚dolphin海豚whale鲸鱼shrimp小虾prawn对虾lobster龙虾crab螃蟹mussel贻贝;蚌类clam蛤蜊oyster牡蛎sponge海绵starfish海星squid 鱿鱼;乌贼burro / octopus章鱼sole鳎;鳎目鱼plaice鲽,红斑比目鱼3.*植物学botany植物学botanical / botanic植物学的horticulture 园艺学aquatic plant水生植物parasite plant 寄生植物root根canopy 树冠层/顶棚foliage / leaf叶leaflet小叶rosette(叶的丛生stem茎stalk杆leafstalk叶柄shoot / sprout嫩芽/抽枝flower 花bud 花蕾petal 花瓣peel / skin果皮shell(硬果壳husk(干果壳/(玉米苞叶trunk树干bark 树皮branch 树枝bough大或者粗的树枝twig小树枝jungle 丛林lawn草坪meadow草地/牧场prairie 大草原mosses苔藓shrub / bush灌木cluster一簇(灌木fern蕨类植物horsetails 木贼类植物club mosses 石松类植物herb 草photosynthesis 光合作用chlorophyll 叶绿素symbiosis共生symbiotic 共生的wither / shrivel / fade凋谢blossom花pollen花粉pollinate传授花粉petal花瓣nectar花蜜tissue组织organ器官system 系统seeds 种子everlasting 永久的crossbreed杂交hybrid 杂种的root pressure根压bore腔/肠cohesion-tension凝聚压力column花柱necrosis坏死barren 贫瘠的;不生育的futile无用的carbohydrate (starch 碳水化合物(淀粉glucose葡萄糖starch淀粉fat脂肪protein蛋白质vitamin 维他命malnourished 营养不良的nutrition 营养perennial多年一生的annual一年一生的verdant 绿油油的,嫩绿的,翠绿的evergreen常青树conifer tree 针叶树larch落叶松pine松树spruce云杉juniper 刺柏;杜松sequoia红杉elm榆树walnut核桃树redwood 红木树plum blossom梅花orchid兰花chrysanthemum菊花water lily荷花/莲花rhododendron 杜鹃花rose 玫瑰carnation康乃馨lily 百合jasmine茉莉花helianthus / heliotrope / sunflower向日葵camellia茶花corn / maize / mealie玉米pumpkin南瓜tomato 番茄lettuce莴苣cabbage 卷心菜wheat 小麦rye 黑麦barley 大麦oats燕麦4.气象学meteorology 气象学meteorologist气象学家meteorological station气象站forecast / predict预报climate气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere对流层stratosphere 平流层mesosphere 中间层ionosphere电离层exosphere逸散层cold front 冷锋warm air mass热气团current(气流moisture潮湿,水气spell某种天气持续一段时间vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp / moist / humid潮湿humidity 湿度moisture潮湿/ 水分saturate饱和dew露frost 霜fog / mist 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水condense浓缩crystal 水晶体sheet(水、冰、雪的一层downpour / torrential rain大雨tempest (storm / torrential rain暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard / snowstorm暴风雪avalanche / snow slide 雪崩precipitation (雨、露、雪等降水thunder 雷breeze微风sandstorm 沙暴monsoon季风gale大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon台风hurricane飓风tornado / twister / cyclone龙卷风wind scale风级tsunami / seismic sea wave海啸tidal wave潮汐;浪潮upper atmosphere上层大气funnel漏斗云disaster / calamity / catastrophe灾难devastation破坏submerge 淹没drought 旱灾convection对流wind velocity风速wind direction 风向long-range forecast长期预报numerical weather prediction数值天气预报5.地质学crust地壳mantle 地幔core地核continental crust 大陆地壳oceanic crust海洋地壳layer / stratum地层stratigraphy 地层学fault 断层fault plane断层面fault zone断层带rift / crack / split断裂disintegration / decomposition分解erosion腐蚀fossil化石sedimentary rock 沉积岩metamorphic rock 变质岩limestone 石灰岩granite 花岗岩marble大理石lithosphere岩石圈magma / molten lava 岩浆quartz石英mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床rubble 碎石debris残骸platinum白金/铂金silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead 铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞/水银sodium 钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald 绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier 冰川glacial 冰川的glacial epoch / age / period冰川期glacial drift冰渍moraines冰碛iceberg冰山volcano 火山active volcano活火山extinct volcano死火山dormant volcano 休眠火山(sloping shield volcano盾状火山(平缓(steep-sided cone volcano锥状火山(陡峭eruption 火山喷发rupt---断掉eruptirrupt 突然闯入interrupt 打断corrupt 腐败abrupt 突然的bankrupt 破产的financial crisis 金融危机crater火山口,弹坑caldera(开口较大的火山口depression 洼地,凹陷处;盆地lava 火山岩浆volcanic dust火山尘volcanic ash火山灰geyser间歇喷泉hot spring温泉earthquake / quake / tremor / seism地震seismic地震的seismology地震学magnitude 震级seismic intensity scale震烈度seismic wave 地震波transverse wave横波longitudinal wave纵波epicenter震中epicentral distance震中距aftershock 余震cataclysm灾变tsunami / tidal / force海啸undersea landslide 海底山崩melt global warming 全球逐渐变暖aquifer 蓄水层swamp沼泽peat bog泥炭沼泽aquatic lifeaquarium 水族馆Great Canyon大峡谷Nile River尼罗河Colorado river 科罗拉多河crumples zones 地质缓冲地带bedrock岩床bulge凸起物6.考古学archaeology考古学paleontology古生物学anthropology人类学archaeologist人类学家pale-anthropology】gist古人类学家ecological anthropologist生态人类学家psychological anthropologist心理人类学家originate起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人(科homogeneous同以种族(种类的tribe 部落clan氏族excavation挖掘excavate / unearth挖掘ruins遗迹/废墟remains遗产/遗骸artifact手工艺品relic遗物/文物antique 古物/古董antiquity古代/古老Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age 青铜器时代Iron Age铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的morphology形态学skull颅骨cranial 颅骨的fossil化石ancient civilization古代文明cave man山顶洞人cultural relics文物rock painting岩画7.地理学hemisphere 半球meridian 子午线/ 经线parallel 平行圈latitude纬线longitude经线/ 经度elevation海拔altitude高度/ 海拔horizon地平线equator赤道temperature latitudes温带地区tropics 热带地区Arctic / the North Pole 北极Antarctic 南极the Antarctic Continent 南极洲the Antarctic Circle南极圈the Arctic Circle 北极圈aurora极光tropics of Cancer 北回归线tropics ofCapricorn 南回归线international date line国际日期变更线time difference 时差time zone时区topography 地形/ 地形学plain平原plateau / highland 高地lowland 低地basin 盆地oasis绿洲enclave飞地peak山峰cordillera / ranges山脉carven / cave 洞穴terrain地域subterranean地底下coastland 沿海地区coastline海岸线watershed 分水岭upper reaches上游lower reaches下游tributary 支流deposit沉积spring / fountain泉水iceberg 冰山riverbed河床gulf / bay海湾waterfall 瀑布cascade小瀑布;喷流reef暗礁tide湖水torrent 水的急流tropical rain forest热带雨林continental island 大陆岛volcanic island 火山岛coral island珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛archipelago群岛delta三角洲landlocked area 内陆inland waterway 内陆河subcontinent 次大陆cliff山崖valley山谷hillside / mountain slope山坡continental shelf大陆架canyon / gorge峡谷channel / strait 海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial 地球的/陆地的terrestrial heat / geothermal 地热terrestrial magnetism 地磁continental drift 大陆漂移学sea-floor spreading 海床扩展evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度ocean bottom 海床sediment 沉积物tropical热带的temperate 温带的frigid 寒带的frost heaving冻胀现象tundra苔原,冻原fieldstone卵石the Mediterranean Sea地中海the primeval forest原始森林Scandinavia斯堪的纳维亚(半岛(瑞典、挪威、丹麦、冰岛的泛称fjord峡湾coral reef珊瑚礁Chalk白垩纪cataclysm大洪水ridge山脊;分水岭abyss 深渊territory 版图;领土地域Pyrenees比利牛斯山脉Carpathians喀尔巴阡山脉Vesuvius维苏威火山Pompeii庞贝precipice悬崖eon世;纪;代glacier冰河Pangaea 盘古大陆dune 沙丘Lagoon 咸水湖8.*天文学astronomy天文学astronomical observatory天文台planetarium天文馆astrophysics 天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学cosmos / universe 宇宙cosmology宇宙infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmic radiation宇宙辐射cosmic rays宇宙射线celestial天体的celestial body/heavenly body天体celestial map / sky atlas天体图celestial sphere天球dwarf / dwarf star矮星quasar类星体constellation 星座galaxy / Milky Way银河系star cluster星团asterism星群solar system 太阳系solar corona日冕solar eclipse日食solar radiation 太阳辐射planet行星planetoid / asteroid 小行星revolve旋转twinkle闪烁naked eye肉眼Mercury 水星Venus金星Earth 地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn 土星Uranus天王星Neptune 海王星Pluto 冥王星Cupid JunomythGreek and Roman mythology 神话学interdisciplinary approach to teachinginterlibrary disciplineorbit 轨道spin旋转satellite 卫星lunar月球的meteor流星meteor shower流星雨star恒星meteoroid流星体meteorite 陨石comet 彗星space / outer space太空,外层空间spacecraft / spaceship宇宙飞船space shuttle航天飞机space telescope空间望远镜astronaut / spaceman 宇航员space suit 宇航服stellar 恒星的intergalactic星系间的interstellar 恒星间的interplanetary行星间的asteroid小行星nebula 星云space debris 太空垃圾ammonia氨photosphere光球;光球层chromospheres 色球;色球层日冕层sunspot太阳黑子(发生在光球层flare耀斑(发生在色球层solar prominence日珥(发生在色球层convection zone对流层vacuum真空infrared ray红外线absolute magnitude 绝对量级emission发射/散发high-resolution高清晰度interferometer 干扰仪,干涉仪illusive object 幻影体faint 微弱的image 影像gravitational force吸引力molten融化的leap year闰年rotation 自转revolution公转black hole 黑洞ultraviolet ray紫外线luminosity光度light year光年9.环保相关ecology 生态学ecosystem生态系统balance of nature自然界生态平衡fauna动物群flora 植物群rain forest雨林food chain 食物链acid rain酸雨carbonic acid 碳酸sulfuric acid 硫酸greenhouse effect温室效应infrared radiation 红外线辐射ozone layer / ozonosphere臭氧层ultraviolet radiation紫外辐射pollution control污染控制air pollution 空气控制water pollution 水污染noxious / toxic 有毒的fumes (有毒的废气waste 废物solid waste固体废物sewage / wastewater污水sewage purification污水净化swage disposal污水处理decibel (噪音分贝10.能源相关fossil fuel矿物燃料process of photosynthesis光合作用solar energy太阳能nonrenewable不可再生的energy conservation 保护能源resource资源energy source能源资源tidal energy 潮汐能fuel-efficient节能型的rush hour高峰期zero emission 零辐射wildness野生/天然preservation保护atmosphere大气carbon碳dioxide 二氧化物burning of coal and oil煤油燃烧global warming全球变暖greenhouse effect温室效应rise in sea level海平面上升long-term climatic change长期的气候变化environmental recycling center再循环利用中心litter/trash garbage垃圾pollutant污染物desertification沙漠化deforest 滥伐森林drought干旱water shortage 水源缺乏offshore spillage 近海岸溢出carbon dioxide release 二氧化碳排放industrial sewage工业污水deteriorate恶化recycling再循环purify 净化acid rain酸雨sewage disposal污水处理environment protection环境保护ozone layer臭氧层waste disposal废物处理emission(汽车废气的排放soot烟尘El Niño 厄尔尼诺现象11.新技术发明相关12.人类学artist艺术家choreographer舞蹈编排家critic 批评家criticize 批评criticism 批评satire 讽刺satirist讽刺作家inventor 发明家biographer自传作家sculptor雕塑家feminist 女权主义者humanitarian人道主义者imagist 意象派诗人phil anthrop ist 慈善家proprietor业主mortal 犯人philosophy 哲学precursor先驱figurehead 名誉领袖disciple 学徒apprentice 学徒mechanic机械工minimalist简单抽象派艺术家avant-garde前卫派territory领域genre风格/体裁eccentric 古怪的odd怪诞的/奇数的weird怪异的/不可思议的romantic 浪漫的innocent天真的/无罪的lovelorn相思病苦的emotional 情绪的/情感的sentimental感伤的/多愁善感的cheerless无精打采的/无生命力的patriarchal 家长的/族长的rigid 僵化的spare简朴的clumsy笨拙的zigzag曲折的contemporary当代的acclaimed受欢迎的preeminent 杰出的versatile(人多才多艺的/(物多功能的household家庭的/家喻户晓的genuine 真正的authentic逼真的/原汁原味的symbolic象征性的immortal 不朽的/神nostalgia怀旧主义/思乡emotive感人的prodigious巨大的classic 经典的posthumous死后的13.发展史a文学prose 散文diary日记autobiography 传记,自传editorial 社论narrative prose叙述性narration 旁白,叙述descriptive prose 描写的essay随笔poetry 诗歌ballad民谣lullaby催眠曲fiction小说allegory寓言fairy tale童话legend传说proverb 谚语model人物原型leading character主人公main plot主要情节prelude序曲prologue序言epilogue 尾声literary criticism文学批评literary studies文学研究schools of literature文学流派comparative literature比较文学realism现实主义surrealism超现实主义futurism未来主义modernism 现代主义aestheticism唯美主义b音乐musical instrument乐器orchestra(管弦乐队choir 唱诗班shook rattle摇拨浪鼓pound drum 击鼓foot beat跺脚note 音符score乐谱movement 乐章fanatical 狂热的hillbilly music 乡村音乐folk music民间音乐pop music流行音乐classical music古典音乐Jazz爵士乐symphony交响乐rock and roll 摇滚乐band music / wind music管乐string弦乐violin小提琴viola中提琴cello大提琴harp 竖琴horn号;喇叭clarinet 单簧管oboe双簧管keyboard instrument键盘乐器percussion 震荡/打击乐器vocal music声乐concerto协奏曲sonata奏鸣曲serenade小夜曲solo独奏/独唱duet二重唱conducting指挥podium指挥台accompaniment伴奏quality音质volume音量chord和弦harmony和声rest 休止time节拍lullaby催眠曲prelude 序曲epilogue尾声c政治经济subsistence存活,生活subsistence wage刚够养家糊口的工资subsistence level 收支平衡的生活水平kinship亲属关系,血缘关系commodity商品check支票;收据;账单bank loan银行贷款interest利息withdraw从银行账户中提款honor (acheque/bill/draft承兑 a run on a bank挤兑the Great Depression大萧条consumerism消费主义(认为高消费对个人和社会有利的看法;保护消费者权益主义affluence富裕,富足sophisticated世故的,老练的;复杂的,尖端的d建筑。
![托福听力场景学科分类词汇大全[宝典]18页word](https://img.taocdn.com/s1/m/c1c8c23e77232f60dccca114.png)
