UNIT 1 1) on balance 5) illustrated 9) involved 5) illustrated 9) involved 2) resist 6) budget 10) economic 3) haul 7) lowering 11) blasting 4) wicked 8) boundary 12) just about 2. 1)cut back/ down 2) pick up 3) get by 4) get through 5)face up to 6) turn in 7) making up for 8) think up 3. 1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy 2) often generate misleading thoughts 3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work 4) be suspected of doing everything for money 5) before he gets through life 4. 1) their indoor, a pro it, to invest in 2) device, the improvement, on a global scale 3) stacked, temptation, never dined out II Confusable Words 1. 1) house 2) Home 3) home, family 4) household 2. 1) doubt 2) suspect 3) doubted 3) doubted 4) suspected 5) suspect III. Word Formation 1) rise 2) inal 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows, whys 6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) search Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. Text-related 1) get by 2) temptation 3) get through 4) improvements 5) aside from 6) suspect 7) supplement 8) pro it 9) stacking 2. (Theme-related) 1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit 4) world 5) tough 6) fuels 7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance 10) ideal II. Translation 1. We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor.2. My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point. 3. The toys toys have have have to to to meet meet meet strict/ strict/ strict/ tough tough tough safety safety safety requirements requirements requirements before before before they they they can can can be be be sold sold sold to to children. 4. Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion. 5. When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world. A A decade decade decade ago, ago, ago, Nancy Nancy Nancy did did did what what what so so so many many many Americans Americans Americans dream dream dream about. about. about. She She She quit quit quit an an an executive executive position and opened/ set up a household device store store in in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives. But, to to run run run a a a small small small business business business on on on a a small small scale scale scale is is by by no no no means means means an an an easy easy easy job. job. job. Without Without Without her her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expense. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premium for the various kinds of insurance she needed. Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most dif icult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life. UNIT 2 Vocabulary I. 1. 1) decades 5) slender 9) on the side 9) on the side 2) historic 6) web 10) authorized 3) imposed 7) bade 11) terminal 4) religious 8) site 12) make the best of 2. 1) went through 2) stood up for 3) laid down 4) take on 5) let (us) down 6) draw on 7) fall into 8) pass for 3. 1) 1) The Europeans are fully con ident that the Americans will not be able to justify The Europeans are fully con ident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measures to protect the struggling American steel industry. 2) Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein, staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling. 3) There's not much you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves with drugs. 4) A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life. 5) It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run. 4. 1) As for, do not compel, capture of, have forged 2) At huge risk, the mission, shelter 3) who abolished, In the eyes of, racial II. Words with Multiple Meanings 1. I'll tell you in a minute how I have attained the genuine sense of belonging in America, but irst let me hear about your French trip. 2. Most McDonald's look almost the same on the outside, but actually there are about 16 different basic designs. 3. Loaning money from the banks is but one of the methods we can use to get through a inancial crisis. 4. This This second-hand second-hand second-hand car car car has has has been been been nothing nothing nothing but but but trouble; trouble; trouble; it's it's it's always always always breaking breaking down. 5. In your resume you've mentioned everything but one vital point. 6. Our Our technicians technicians technicians have have discovered a a simple simple simple but but but effective effective solution solution to to to the the problem. 7. I am sorry, but I think you shouldn't have lingered on over coffee and missed the last bus.. 8. The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, but by simple ignorance III. Usage 1) lonely 2)friendly 3) weekly, monthly 4)lovely 5) cowardly 6)kindly/ saintly 7) lively 8)motherly Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. Text-related 1)forged 1)forged 2) stand up 3) compelled 4)convictions 5)mission 6)abolish 7) intent on 8) risk 9)in the eyes of 10)threats 2. (Theme-related) 1) assistance 2) involved 3) estimated 4)coincidence 5)emerged 6) referred 7) numerous 8) stationed 9)concern 10)capture II. Translation 1. Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global inancial crisis, we are still con ident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis. 2. Under Under threat threat threat of of of constant constant constant sand sand sand storms, storms, storms, we we we were were were compelled compelled compelled to to to leave leave leave our our cherished village and move to the new settlement. 3. According According to to to a a a recent recent recent online online online survey, survey, survey, a a a lot lot lot of of of consumers consumers consumers say say say they they they may may may be be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials. 4. Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once. 5. Some Some scientists scientists scientists hold hold hold to to to the the the irm irm irm conviction conviction conviction that that that people people people will will will come come come to to to like like genetically genetically modi ied modi ied modi ied crops crops crops someday someday someday since since since they they they can can can increase increase increase yields yields yields and and and help help help combat combat hunger and disease in the developing world. Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting fugitive slaves. He He secretly secretly secretly returned returned returned to to to the the the United United United States States States from from from Canada Canada Canada several several several times times times to to to help help help others others others to to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping escaping slaves slaves and and Henson Henson Henson when when they they were were were on on on the the the run. run. run. He He He disguised disguised disguised them them them and and successfully avoided capture. Later he built a small settlement in Dresden in Canada for escaped slaves, slaves, setting setting up a chapel and a school. He held to the conviction conviction that that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed. UNIT 3 Vocabulary I. 1.1) threatens 2) by a small small margin margin 3)civilize 4)closed up 4)closed up 5)wandered 6) 6) paste 7) without so much as 8) sideways 9) hook up to 10) universal 11) chart 12) Bathed in 2. 1)narrowed down 2)looked back on 3)cut off 4) it into 5)wear(the other) down 6)lies in 7)put up 7)put up 8)stand for 3. 1)...which is likely to make people vulnerable to asthma has been found by researchers at the Department of Clinical Medicine in Oxford. 2)...with mirrored doors had to be built in so as to make their small bedroom look larger. 3)...feature the the space space space shuttle shuttle shuttle Challenger Challenger Challenger blowing blowing blowing up up up in in in January January January 1986---killing 1986---killing 1986---killing all all all seven seven crew. 4)...threatened to keep the pupils in after school, they were quieted at once. 5)... a re are a major b arrier to barrier to t he country's the country's e conomic economic growth due to the fact that/because imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange. 4. 1) looked back on/ atmosphere/urban life 2)era/ hooked up to the / the electronic 3) the suburb / a sophisticated / system / analyze / make errors II. 1) away 2)inside/in 3)forward/through 4)back 5)off 6)home 7) back down 7) back down 8)in...out III. 1) Internet is not such an unusual word as it used to be 2) Most men do not look unattractive in them 2) Most men do not look unattractive in them 3) Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment 3) Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment 4) The claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city's violent crimes. 4) The claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city's violent crimes. 5)His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life. 5)His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life. Comprehensive Exercises 1. Cloze 1. 1) Statistics 2)rural 2)rural 3)era 3)era 4)stood for 4)stood for 5)on the latch 6)vulnerable 6)vulnerable 7)barrier 7)barrier 8)electronic 8)electronic 9)re lection 10)civilized 2. 1) together 2)liable 2)liable 3)shift 4)electric 4)electric 5)cautious 5)cautious 6)sophisticated 6)sophisticated 7)thieves 7)thieves 8)break 8)break 9)chances 10)signs 10)signs II. Translation 1.1) The Internet is changing the way people live, (no matter) whether they are in urban or rural areas. 2)Medium-sized and and small small small companies companies companies are are are more more more vulnerable vulnerable vulnerable to to to the the the threat threat threat of of of the the the global global economic crisis than large ones. 3) With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart irst, and then provide critical re lections on the nations economic development. 4)It 4)It never never never occurred occurred occurred to to to him him him that that that their their their team team team would would would win win win the the the basketball basketball basketball match match match by by by a a a large large margin. 5) Looking back on my my twenty twenty years' years' teaching teaching in high school, I attribute my my success success to patience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge. 2. It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes. Thus exposing him to police patrols. Common sense tells us that lighting lighting is is is a a a barrier barrier barrier to to to criminal criminal criminal activity. activity. activity. A A A light light light should should should be be be ixed ixed ixed in in in the the the doorway doorway doorway and and switched on at night. Make sure/Assure yourself that you don't leave the door on the latch if you you happen happen to to be be be the the last last to to come come in. in. If you you decide decide decide to to to buy buy buy a a sophisticated sophisticated electronic electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station. UNIT 4 Vocabulary I. 1.1) accordingly accordingly 2) 2) loose loose 3) 3) concentration 4)stimulating 5) fabric 6)if anything 7) reality 8) intuition 9) tri le 10) at the turn of the century 11) mess 12) undermine 2. 1) approve of 2) slow down 3) taken in 4) sucked into 5) set apart 6) dozed off 7)call forth 8)stretch into 9) keep up with 10)believe in 3. 1)...provided inspiration for many artists and musicians over the decades. 2)...is credited to his powers of imagination 3)...on the foundations of an agricultural revolution 4)...not to make any complaints in the presence of the nurse. 5)...the outbreak of the Second World War. 4. 1) law/came to the conclusion/would get nowhere 2) in a row/dozed off/a mess of 3) outbreak of/ has undermined / has strained II. 1)With Christmas only a week away 2) With his physical condition improving day by day 3) With our GDP growing steadily 4) With all the shops closed 5) with her eyes closed 6) With the fog lifting during the night III. 1) like/as 2) as 3) like 4) like/as 5) as/like 5) as/like 6) as 7)like 8) as Comprehensive Exercises 1. Cloze 1. 1) caution 2) came to the conclusion that 3)never get anywhere 4)undermining 5) not give/care a ig 6) law 7) beyond any doubt 8)foundation 9)remarkable/impressive 9)remarkable/impressive 10) imagination 2. 1) extent 2)inventions 3)bet 4)manages 2)inventions 3)bet 4)manages 5)vision 6)eventually 7)achievement 8)poverty 8)poverty 9) utilized 10)breakthrough II. Translation 1.1) The volunteers volunteers sent/assigned sent/assigned by the Red Red Cross Cross Cross disinfected, disinfected, disinfected, with with great caution, the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague. 2)Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and gravity but failed. 3)Professor Wang received/won the Presidential Award for his excellence in stimulating students' creative imagination. 4) As there were some major design laws, the board of directors directors didn't didn't didn't approve approve approve of of the economic stimulus package. 5) Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan inally came to the conclusion that he had to face reality and take up/meet the challenge by himself. 2. What was remarkable about 2005 was perhaps that the UN declared it "The World Year of Physics". Physics". It It was was the the 100th anniversary anniversary of of Einstein's Einstein's theory theory of relativity relativity and and the 50th anniversary of his death. In 1905 Einstein published ive highly important essays in the history of science, thus revolutionizing physics. His great achievements can be credited to his his impressive impressive impressive powers powers powers of of of imagination, imagination, imagination, constant constant constant questioning, questioning, questioning, and and and not not not giving giving giving a a a ig ig ig for for authority. It is beyond doubt that Einstein was the greatest scientist in the 20th century. Unit 6 The Human Touch Text A Content Questions（P .172） 1. They found their t astes tastes tastes in art, chicory salad in art, chicory salad and bishop sleeves so much in tune that they set up a joint studio. 2. Johnsy would be abl e to recover from pneumonia if she wanted to live. 3. She wanted to paint the Bay of Naples some day. 4. She coul d see a bare yard, and an old ivy vine climbing half way up the brick wall. 5. Because she thought that she woul d die when the last leaf fell. 6. No. No. Because Because Because in in the text text the the the author author author mentions mentions mentions that that Behrman Behrman was was was a a failure in art. For For forty forty years he had been always about to paint a masterpiece, without ever actually starting one. 7. He was upset that Johnsy should have such a silly idea. 8. Because they were afraid that Johnsy would would die die if the leaves leaves on on it were all gone. 9. She saw the last l eaf on the vine. 10. It It rekindled rekindled rekindled her her her will will will to to to live. live. live. And And And she she she realized realized realized that that that it it was was a a a sin sin sin to to want to die. 11. He He caught caught caught pneumonia pneumonia pneumonia because because because he he he painted painted painted the the the last last last leaf leaf leaf on on on a a a rainy rainy and cold night in the yard and was wet through. 12. Yes, he inished his masterpiece eventually. It was his ine painting of the last leaf, the painting that saved Johnsy. Text Organization (P .173).173) 1. (P .173) 1). She mad e up her mind to die when the l ast l eaf fell. 2). She d ecid ed not to give up her life. 3). Behrman, a kind neighbor , who was aware of Johnsy's st ate of mind, risked d eath to paint the l ast l eaf and save her . 4). Because it was so perfect the girl s both mistook it for the real thing. 2. (P .173) Scenes Paragraph Characters Events 1 Paras 1-2 Sue, Johnsy Sue's roommate Johnsy caught 2 Paras 3-8 the doctor , The The doctor doctor doctor told told told Sue Sue Sue that that that Johnsy Johnsy 3 Paras 9-17 Johnsy, Sue Johnsy decided that she would die 4 Paras Behrman, Sue Sue told told Behrman Behrman Behrman about about about Johnsy's Johnsy's 5 Paras 22-33 Sue, Johnsy As Johnsy was encouraged by the will to live returned. 6 Paras 34-37 the d octor , Sue ■The The doctor doctor doctor tol tol told d d Sue Sue Sue that that that Johnsy Johnsy would recover , but Behrman caught pneumonia pneumonia himself himself himself and and and his his his case case was hopeless. 7 Paras Sue, Johnsy Sue Sue tol tol told d Johnsy Johnsy that that that Behrman Behrman Behrman had had performed a kind d eed without any thought of self. Language Sense Enhancement (P .174) I. 1) c urling 2) l ooking the part 3) masterpiece 4) to excess 5) For the rest 6) smelling strongly of 7) fancy 8) light and fragil e 9) slight hol d upon the worl d 10) streaming Language Focus (P .176).176) Vocabulary(P Vocabulary(P.176).176) 1. 1) masterpieces 2) fragil e e 3) fancy 4) nonsense 5) cling to 6)endure 7) acute 8) whistle 9) mock 10) subtracted 11) Sin 12) lutter/ luttering 2. (P .177)1) gave in/gave up 2) igure out 3) 3) sized sized sized up up 4) wiped out 5) pulling up 6) wear away 7) sit up 8) hear of / about 3. (P . 178) 1) Illnesses usually stand out in chil dhood memories. 2) According to the bull etin, Albright Coll College ege now offers a joint bachel bachelor's d or's d egree program in environmental studies together w ith with Duke University. 3) The new government is l ess oppressive, but viol ence still stalks the country. 4) There is scarcely any surface water in the desert. 5) The d emand for change in the el ection law is so persistent that both houses have promised to consider it. 4. (P . 178—179) 1) It was dreary lying in the tent with nothing to read, so we built a camp ire. Soon the smell of steaks, steaks, bread bread bread and and coffee coffee mingled mingled mingled with with that of fresh fresh grass grass grass and and earth. Other campers seemed to be d oing the same. Here and there peopl people were eating, drinking or dancing to their hearts' content, if e were eating, drinking or dancing to their hearts' content, if not to excess. What a merry night! 2) Miss Miss Florence, Florence, Florence, our our our music music music teacher, teacher, teacher, called called called to to to us us us to to to stop stop stop singing. singing. singing. I I didn't realize why until Sally tol d me in a whisper: " You are not in tune with the group!" 3) The The angry angry angry wife wife wife poured poured a a bucket bucket bucket of of of water water over her her drunken drunken husband, who was immediately wet through and stumbl stumbled ed backward: " You can't d o without drinks? I won't hear of any excuses. You certainly d o n't need it to turn loose your tongue!" on't need it to turn loose your tongue!" II. Words with Multipl e Meanings (P . 179—180) 1. He went to Paris on business last month. 2. The train to Brussels goes at 2:25p.m. 3. As soon as they arrived at the mead ow, the shepherd l et the sheep go. 4. We went expl oring together in the mountains. / We will go expl oring together in the mountains. 5. Let's go and have a drink in the bar. 6. The store is going to cl ose up soon. 7. South Koreans went crazy when their soccer players beat the Spanish team in the quarter inals. 8. When Mother came out of the house, she found her chil dren gone. III. Usage (P . 180)1. a little white wooden house 2. l ong, curly red hair 2. a large ol d round tabl e 3. a cheap Indian restaurant 4. a huge cool chocolate ice-cream 5. rapid technol o gical advance ogical advance 6. a handsome young Chinese American Comprehensive Exercises I. Cl o ze oze (P. 181) (A) 1. in tune 2. Scarcely 3. in a 4. cling to 5. merry 6. sat up 7. nonsense 8. fancy 9. sin 10. masterpi (B) 1. mission 2. involve 3. jail 4. not 5. collect 6. deliver 7. beautiful 8. vocation 9. need 10. small II. Translation (P . 182) 1. (P . 182) 1). The red house st ands out a gainst the ol against the ol d trees that reach high up to the sky . 2). The The salary salary salary in/for in/for in/for my my my new new new job job job is is is great, great, but for the rest , , I’m I’m I’m not not satis ied. 3). The waters of the two streams mingl mingle e near our village. 4). We shoul d not d not m ock mock at other peopl e’s religious beliefs. 5). The curtains curtains of of the room room are are are not not quite in tune with the the styl styl style e of the furniture. 2. (P . 182) Here and there we see young artists who st stand and out from other peopl from other peopl e. They may be in worn out jeans all the year round, or walk barefoot / in bare bare feet feet feet even even even in in in winter , winter , or or or drink drink to excess , , or or cling to the fancy of creating a masterpiece w ithout actually d without actually d o ing any creative work. In fact, oing any creative work. In fact, many of them act like this just to l ook the part, or to be "in tune w ith" with" other artists. They have forgotten that only through persistent effort can one achieve success. Unit 7 Text A Part II Text A Content Questions 1．A surgeon’s scar cuts across his lower back. The ingers on his right he can’t tie his shoes. His mother’s hand are so twisted that challenges and the voices of those who believed him stupid, incapable of living independently keep him going on. 2．He is a d oor-to-door salesman. His weapons are: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat, hat and a briefcase. 3．He is afraid that someone will steal his briefcase. He was different in that cerebral palsy affected his speech, hands and walk. ed and then Lincoln High School, where 4．First a school for the disablhe was placed in a class for slow kids. 5．She was certain that he could rise above his limitations. 6．He applied for a salesman’s job.7．With his mother setting up a meeting with a Watkins representative, as well as by his own persistence. 8．He lacked con idence. It took him quite a while to have the courage to ring the irst doorbell. 9．He keeps coming back until the customer buys. He tells himself not to worry if hid day has not turned out to be pro itable. 10． Because he was laid up for ive months after band surgery and coul couldn’t work.dn’t work.11． Like a home of the past era. He leads a solitary life. 12． No, he doesn’t. Because he lives a life of dignity.Text Organization 1.Part Parts s Paragrap Time of the Bill's Activities 1Paras 1-7 early preparation for the day's work 2Paras mid-morning mid-morning on his way to work on his way to work 3Paras Last door-to-door selling 4Paras evening eating a frozen dinner and d oing some 2.ParagraphWhat is written about Bill's past Paras his disability, his schooling, and his hard struggl e to make a Para 71 his back surgery and the selling of his house Vocabulary: 1) disabl ed 2) impatient 3) solitary 4) crushed 5) feel like 6) lashed 7) echoing 8) paused 9) betrayed 10) laundry 11) section 12) tilted 2. 1) cared for 2) hang on 3) was laid up with 4) are gaining on 5) kicked up 6) went off 7) drop ... off 8)straighten out 3. 1) … sometimes didn't register with her . 2) … in disorder, drawers pulled out , shoes and boots scattered. 3) … was transferred from Father's account to my account. 4) … a pledge to contribute 1000,000dollars to the Chil dren in Need Needed charity ed charity campaign. 5) … the most pro itabl e business in that province. 4. 4. 1) gaining on; 1) gaining on; off balance; was laid up in; scar on 2) a crippl e\ crippl ed ; surgery , limitations, in literature. 3) 3) commission commission commission ; ; on on the the the phone phone phone ; ; his his territory territory territory ; ; ; never never never registers registers with II. Usage 1. I never did go over these books, although I probably shoul d have. 2. I know this is a personal question. You d on't have to answer me if you d on't want to. 3. I think this topic shoul d have attracted far more attention from phil philosophers than it has. osophers than it has. 4. "I think you're right." — "I'm sure I am." 5. "He thought that the condition was hereditary in his case." —"Well, it might be." 6. "Sugar?" ---- "No. Maybe next time." 7. The house is only a buil ding. It is a place to live, nothing more. 8. DIANE: You didn't! Tell me you didn't! FATHER: Oh, yes. Anything for my chil dren. III. Word Family1.1) bored 2) boredom 3) bored 4) boringly 5) boring 2. 1) 2) 3) encouraging 4) 3. 1) frozen 2) freeze 3) freezing 4) freezer 5) freeze Comprehensive ExercisesI Cl Cloze oze 1. Text -related -related 1) off … f eet 2) signature 3) commission 4) on the phone 5) laid up 6) surgery 7) territory 8) disorder 9) applying for 10) dignity 2. Theme-related 1）didn’t 2) read 3) come 4) money 5) because 6) earning 7) doing 8) own 9) obviously 10) value II. Translation I. I I grew grew grew terribly terribly terribly scared scared scared when when when I I I heard heard heard sound sound sound of of of foot foot footsteps steps steps echoing echoing round the hallway at midnight yesterday. 2. The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12months. 3. Snowstorms threw communications and transportation into disord disorder er er. . 4. I’ve been suffering a l ot of stress from work lately, I feel like taking a vacation at the seasid e. 5. Living Living in in in an an an apartment apartment apartment is is all all right, right, right, but but but it it has its its limitations--- limitations--- limitations--- for for exampl example, you d e, you d o n’t have your own gard on’t have your own gard ens. 6. Tom was born a crippl e, with one of his l ower limbs usel ess. Early in his chil dhood, he l earned that unl ess he so exerted himself as to rise above his his limitations, limitations, limitations, he he he coul coul d d not not not earn earn earn a a a living, living, living, and and and unl unl ess ess he he he succeed succeed succeeded ed ed in in making a living on his own, he coul d not win/gain the respect of others. That was the price he had to pay for his dignity as a human being. om T om applied applied applied for for for numerous numerous numerous jobs, jobs, jobs, only only only to to to be be be turned turned turned d d own, own, before before before he he inally got one as a d elivery boy for a Pizza Hut. He then worked as a sal es representative for a sportswear company in a territory no one else woul d want. Today he owns a fairly pro itabl e retail shop in his hometown, and hires several people to work for him. Part III TextB Comprehension Check2. 。
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