专有名词和普通名词,名词单数变复数规则及练习

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名词
一、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类:
1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。

专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。

如:Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国) 专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。

如:the Great Wall(长城)
姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。

2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。

如:pupil, family, man, foot.
普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。

▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如:box, child, orange;
▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。

如:water, news, oil, population, information .
二、英语可数名词的单复数:
1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下:
①一般情况,在词尾加-s.
desk---desks 书桌girl---girls 女孩
boy---boys pen---pens
②以-s,-x,-ch,-sh 结尾的词,在词尾加--es
bus---buses box--boxes
brush--brushes watch--watch
③以辅音字母加-y结尾的词,变y为i,加-es
baby-babies 婴儿family--families家庭
④以-f或-fe结尾的词,变f或fe为v,再加-es
knife---knives刀leaf---leaves树叶
⑤以-o结尾的词,一般情况下,在词尾加-s,黑人英雄吃西红柿土豆除外。

photo---photos piano---pianos
negro---negroes 黑人hero---heroes 英雄
tomato---tomatoes西红柿potato--potatoes马铃薯
2、不规则变化:
man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep, tooth→teeth, fish→fish, chil d→chil dren, ox→oxen, goose→geese
三、不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。

如:a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.
同步练习题
把单数变成复数:
box__________ pencil_____________
watch________ star______________
door__________ window__________
bag__________ bowl____________
book_________ dog_________________
cat__________ flower__________-_____
tree_________ chair________________ people_______ girl_________________ man_________ woman______________ policeman__________ policewoman_________ tooth______________ goose________________ doctor_____________ teacher______________ child_____________ student______________ eye______________ ear________________ photo____________ map_______________ picture__________ desk_______________ life____________ leaf_______________ half____________ shelf_______________ wolf____________ bird______________ panda____________ lion______________ fish______________ deer____________ sheep______________ candy_____________ family_____________ baby_____________
toy________________ car_____________
bus________________ cup_____________ bottle_____________ lake______________ hill_______________ wall_____________ stamp____________ Chinese__________ festival_____________ mountain____________ floor_______________ noodle______________ fruit________________ dumpling___________ apple______________ pear________________ vegetable___________ grape_______________ banana_____________ cherry______________ watermelon__________ orange______________ ox__________________ foot_______________ arm________________ leg________________ necklace____________ game______________ computer___________ mouse_____________ dish_______________ tomato____________ potato_____________ onion_____________ cabbage___________ kite_______________ ship______________ chopstick__________ spoon____________ cloth_____________ pant_____________ shirt____________
hat______________ cap_____________ sweater___________ sock____________
gift_______________ present_________ lantern____________ sister__________ brother____________ light__________
key______________ monkey________ tiger____________ rabbit __________ snake___________ animal__________ frog____________ toad____________ shoe____________ knife____________ fan______________ glass____________ rose____________ brush __________ bear___________ son__________ uncle____________ aunt____________ eraser____________ plane____________。