指示代词

指示代词
指示代词：指示代词有单数和复数两种形式，表示“这个”，“那个”，“这些”，“那些”等指示概念的代词叫做指示代词。

分别为this
，that
，these ，
those.
搭配）
（复数，与are
搭配）
this （复数形式
these ），是指时间上或空间上离说话人较近的人或
物。

that （复数形式those ），是指时间上或空间上离说话人较远的人或物。

单数，近 单数，远 复数，近 复数，远
例句：1. This is a pizza.
2. That is a tiger.
3. These books are Misty ’s.
4. Those are my dolls.
Excises
填空
1.I like dogs, dogs are white（这些）
2.I want pizza.（这个）
3. pencils are in the bag.（那些）
4.I don’t like monster.（那个）
翻译
1.这个火车
2.那些风筝
3.这些笔记本
4.那个电脑游戏。

代词一：指示代词1.指示代词有this , that , these , those , such , same.2.指示代词的用法:(1).that 常用来代替前面出现的人.事. 物,以免重复.that代替可数名词和不可数名词;those可代替复数名词.2.指示代词的用法:(1).that 常用来代替前面出现的人.事.物,以免重复.that代替可数名词和不可数名词;those可代替复数名词.(2). 在打电话时,英语中常用this代替自己,that代替对方.例如:A: May I speak to Mr. Zhang, please?B: This is Zhang Ming speaking. Who’s that.(3). Such表示“如此,这样的人或事”.I have never seen such an interesting film before.(4). Same 表示“ 同样的人和物”,前面必须加the.例如:They arrived there at the same time.Lucy and Lily are in the same class.They do the same thing everyday.经典例析1.The weather in Australia is quite different from ___ of Shijiazhuang.A. itB. thatC. thoseD. ones2. The cars made in Japan are much cheaper than __ made in America.A. onesB. thoseC. thatD. it3.Can you believe that in _____ a rich country there should be ____ manypoor people ?A. such ; suchB. such ; soC. so ; soD. so ; such4. ---Hello! May I speak to Jim, please?--- Speaking. ___________?A. how are youB. Is that MikeC. are you JimD. who are you5. There are more people in Shanghai than in Tianjin. (同义句)The ____________ of shanghai is _______ than ______ of Tianjin.6. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.(同义句)I have _______ read _______ an interesting book before.二：不定代词1.不定代词主要有: each , every , both，all , either , neither , none , one , few ,a few , little , a little, many , much, other , another , some , any , no 以及some , any, no 和thing构成的合成词.不定代词的用法(1). Some , any , something , anything① Some和something多用于肯定句中.当说话人期望得到对方的肯定回答或表示请求建议时,some , something可用于疑问句中,而不用any 和anything.例如:②any和anything一般用于否定句.疑问句和条件句中.例如:1. Please ask the teacher if you have any questions to ask.2.There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.3. He is taller than any other boy in his class.注意事项1.形容词或不定式修饰不定代词时,作后置定语.★Be quiet ! I have something important to tell you.2. 不定代词作主语时谓语用单数.★Listen ! Someone is singing in the next room.3.Nothing表示否定，表示“什么事都没有”．等于not…anything. 反意疑问句使用肯定．He knew nothing about the accident, did he ?The police found nothing in the room.=The police didn’t find anything in the room.3.Nothing表示否定，表示“什么事都没有”．等于not…anything. 反意疑问句使用肯定．He knew nothing about the accident, did he ?The police found nothing in the room.=The police didn’t find anything in the room.1.I have some questions to ask you.2.There is something wrong with my watch. It doesn’t work.3.---Would you like something to drink ?--- No, thanks.4.---May I ask you some questions ?---Certainly. What’s it ?5.---Can I have some meat ?---Sure, here you are.三：经典例析1.Be quiet, boys and girls . I have ____to tell you.A. important somethingB. something importantC. anything importantD. important anything2. ---I feel a bit hungry.---Why don’t you have ____ bread?A. anyB. someC. littleD. a3. The teacher said nothing at the meeting yesterday .(同义句)The teacher ______ say __________ at the meeting yesterday.(2). each 和everyeach指两者或两者当中的人或事物中的每一个.every指三者或三者当中的每一个.each “每个,各,各自的”,强调个体;every强调整体,表示“每个都”.★There are many trees and flowers on each side of the street.★Every student has read this story.经典例析1.---How often are the Olympic Gams held?---______ four years.A. EveryB. EachC. InD. For2.There are many trees on ____ side of the street.A. allB. everyC. neitherD. each(3).both 和all ; neither 和either，both 表示“两者都”,常和and连用,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式.all指“三者或三者以上的全体”.例如:Both mother and father are teachers.They all like this story.either指“两个之间,其中的一个”,常和or搭配使用:either …or…意为“不是……就是; 或者……或者”.而neither是指“两个人或事物中一个也不”,是both 的全盘否定,常和nor搭配.either…or…和neither…nor…连接的并列结构作主语时,谓语坚持就近原则★Neither people nor plants can live without water or air.★There is only one seat here, either you or I can take it.经典例析1.They were all asleep. _____ of themheard the sound.A. AllB. BothC. NoneD. Neither2.Both of them are right.(同义句)_________ of them _____ wrong.3.All of us have been to Shanghai. (否定句)______ of us ____ been to Shanghai.4. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars.____ of them have set a good example to us.A. AllB. NeitherC. BothD. None5.---Can you come and give us a talk on Thursday or Friday?---I’m afra id ____ day is possible.A. eitherB. neitherC. everyD. any6.---May I use your pen?---Yes, here are two and you can use _____ of them.A. bothB. everyC. anyD. either7. Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk ?___, thanks. I’d just like a cup of tea.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None8. They were all tired, but _____ of them stopped to have a rest.9. I have two watches, but __ of them works well.A. bothB. allC. neitherD. none10. ---When shall we meet again, this Sunday or next Sunday ?--- _____ time is OK.A. EitherB. AnyC. AnotherD. One(4) few , a few ; little , a little，few , a few 修饰可数名词,little, a little修饰不可数名词. Few , little 表示否定,意为“几乎没有”,a few , a little 表示肯定,意为“有一些”.例如:I can’t buy the dress because I havejust a little money.Few people can live to be 150 years.经典例析1. Kate is a nice girl. She says _____ but do much.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little2. I have a little good friends in our class.(改错)3. There is little water in the bottle, ___ _______? (补全反意疑问句)4. Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night,________?A. don’t theyB. do theyC. didn’t theyD. did they5. My uncle is so busy that he has ___time to have a good rest.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little6. ____ of them can arrive in time, can they ?A. FewB. A fewC. LittleD. A little(5).other , others ,another , the other①other 泛指“另外的或其它的人和物”, 常做定语.例如:★ I don’t like this color, have you got any other colors?②Others泛指“另一些人和物”,相当于名词性物主代词.例如:★ Study harder, or you’ll fall behind the others.③another泛指三者.三者以上不定数目中的“另一个”,只可修饰或代替单数名词.例如:★ Would you like another cake?★ Could you please show me another pair?④the other特指“两者中的另一个人或物”.常和one对照使用, one …the other …一个……另一个…….★I have two pencils , one is long , the other is short.不可不记another +基数词+复数名词=基数词+more+复数名词,another和more表示“还,再……”,但当基数词是one时,名词要用单数.例如:★I want to have another two apples.★I want to have two more apples.经典例析1. I have finished this book, can you lend me ______?A. two more booksB. two another booksC. more two booksD. two books another2.I have two brothers. One is a doctor. _______ is a teacher.A. otherB. the otherC. othersD. another3. Have you finished your homework?Not yet. I think it will take ____ ten minutes.A. otherB. othersC. anotherD. more4.Shanghai is the largest city in China(同义句)Shanghai is ______ than ____ ____ city in China.四：疑问代词疑问代词who, whom, whose , what 和which都是用来构成特殊疑问的.who 通常作主语和表语,whom作宾语.What可用来提问职业.人口.价格.年龄.颜色.日期.星期.高度和尺寸的大小.经典例析1.---_______ is your favourite athlete?--- Liu Xiang.A. WhoseB. WhomC. WhoD. Which2. ---_____ does your father look like?--- He is tall and thin.A. WhatB. WhereC. WhoD. Which3. ---______ man is your father ?---The one in a white shirt.A. WhoB. WhatC. WhoseD. Which4.The man who is watering the flowers is my uncle.(划线提问)_____ _____ is your uncle ?5. The watch is 180 Yuan.(划线提问)______ is the _______ of the watch?五：关系代词1.Who 是主格,只可指认。

第四讲：指示代词一.指示代词：是表示指示概念的代词，即用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。

二.this和these指说话人较近的人或物，that和those指说话人较远的人或物。

三.this和that指单数，these和those指复数.例题:那只狗 that dog 这个苹果 this apple这些学生 these students 那些尺子 those rulers四.指示代词和定冠词the不可同时使用。

This book is new. ( √ )The book is new. ( √ )This the book is new. ( × )五. 指示代词由单数句变成复数句：单数复数指示代词 this hese that those 人称代词 I weyou youhe/she/it they be动词 am/is are句型转换：1. What is this? （复数） What are these?2. That is a pen. ( 复数) Those are pens.注意：单数句子转变为复数句子，指示代词，人称代词，系动词，可数名词都要变化为复数形式。

六.指示代词的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句及回答：Is this/that a/an....? Yes,it is./No, it isn't. Are these/those....? Yes, they are./No, they aren't.What is this/that? It is a/an.....What are these/those? They are....指示代词练习题:一、填空。

1. I like _____ pants. _______ pants are red.(这些）2. I don't like ____ shoes. ____shoes are too small.(那些)3. I want _____(这个) sweater. I don't want________（那个）sweater._____ （那个）is too big.二、英汉互译。

初中语法大全讲解--指示代词指示代词精讲指示代词是用来表示“这个”，“那个”，“这些”，“那些”等意思的代词。

常见的指示代词有单数的this和that，复数的these和those，以及同样的same和such，还有代表物的it。

在使用指示代词时，this、that、these、those、same和the same都可以指人或物，而it通常只指物。

指示代词可以作为主语、宾语、表语和定语等。

例如，“This is a chair”表示“这是一把椅子”；“Have you read this?”表示“你读过这个吗？”；“Her plan is this”表示“她的计划是这样的”；“You can't swim at this time of the year”表示“你不能在这个时候游泳”。

此外，指示代词还有一些用法区别。

一般来说，this和these指较近的空间和时间，而that和those指较远的空间和时间。

例如，“This is a map of China and that is a map of the world”表示“这是一张中国地图，那是一张世界地图”；“In tho se years they led a hard life”表示“在那些岁月里，他们生活得很艰难”。

另外，this和these常指后面将要讲到的事物，起到启下的作用，而that和those常指前面已经讲到过的事物，起到承上的作用。

these。

These2._____ book is mine。

______ book is yours?(那本)That。

That3._____ is a nice day。

_____ sun is shining.(今天)This。

The4._____ XXX。

_____ flowers over there are even more beautiful.(这些/那些)These。

代词一：指示代词1.指示代词有this , that , these , those , such , same.2.指示代词的用法:(1).that 常用来代替前面出现的人.事. 物,以免重复.that代替可数名词和不可数名词;those可代替复数名词.2.指示代词的用法:(1).that 常用来代替前面出现的人.事.物,以免重复.that代替可数名词和不可数名词;those可代替复数名词.(2). 在打电话时,英语中常用this代替自己,that代替对方.例如:A: May I speak to Mr. Zhang, please?B: This is Zhang Ming speaking. Who’s that.(3). Such表示“如此,这样的人或事”.I have never seen such an interesting film before.(4). Same 表示“ 同样的人和物”,前面必须加the.例如:They arrived there at the same time.Lucy and Lily are in the same class.They do the same thing everyday.经典例析1.The weather in Australia is quite different from ___ of Shijiazhuang.A. itB. thatC. thoseD. ones2. The cars made in Japan are much cheaper than __ made in America.A. onesB. thoseC. thatD. it3.Can you believe that in _____ a rich country there should be ____ manypoor people ?A. such ; suchB. such ; soC. so ; soD. so ; such4. ---Hello! May I speak to Jim, please?--- Speaking. ___________?A. how are youB. Is that MikeC. are you JimD. who are you5. There are more people in Shanghai than in Tianjin. (同义句)The ____________ of shanghai is _______ than ______ of Tianjin.6. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.(同义句)I have _______ read _______ an interesting book before.二：不定代词1.不定代词主要有: each , every , both，all , either , neither , none , one , few ,a few , little , a little, many , much, other , another , some , any , no 以及some , any, no 和thing构成的合成词.不定代词的用法(1). Some , any , something , anything① Some和something多用于肯定句中.当说话人期望得到对方的肯定回答或表示请求建议时,some , something可用于疑问句中,而不用any 和anything.例如:②any和anything一般用于否定句.疑问句和条件句中.例如:1. Please ask the teacher if you have any questions to ask.2.There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.3. He is taller than any other boy in his class.注意事项1.形容词或不定式修饰不定代词时,作后置定语.★Be quiet ! I have something important to tell you.2. 不定代词作主语时谓语用单数.★Listen ! Someone is singing in the next room.3.Nothing表示否定，表示“什么事都没有”．等于not…anything. 反意疑问句应用肯定．He knew nothing about the accident, did he ?The police found nothing in the room.=The police didn’t find anything in the room.3.Nothing表示否定，表示“什么事都没有”．等于not…anything. 反意疑问句应用肯定．He knew nothing about the accident, did he ?The police found nothing in the room.=The police didn’t find anything in the room.1.I have some questions to ask you.2.There is something wrong with my watch. It doesn’t work.3.---Would you like something to drink ?--- No, thanks.4.---May I ask you some questions ?---Certainly. What’s it ?5.---Can I have some meat ?---Sure, here you are.三：经典例析1.Be quiet, boys and girls . I have ____to tell you.A. important somethingB. something importantC. anything importantD. important anything2. ---I feel a bit hungry.---Why don’t you have ____ bread?A. anyB. someC. littleD. a3. The teacher said nothing at the meeting yesterday .(同义句)The teacher ______ say __________ at the meeting yesterday.(2). each 与everyeach指两者或两者当中的人或事物中的每一个.every指三者或三者当中的每一个.each “每个,各,各自的”,强调个体;every强调整体,表示“每个都”.★There are many trees and flowers on each side of the street.★Every student has read this story.经典例析1.---How often are the Olympic Gams held?---______ four years.A. EveryB. EachC. InD. For2.There are many trees on ____ side of the street.A. allB. everyC. neitherD. each(3).both 与all ; neither 与either，both 表示“两者都”,常与and连用,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式.all指“三者或三者以上的全体”.例如:Both mother and father are teachers.They all like this story.either指“两个之间,其中的一个”,常与or搭配使用:either …or…意为“不是……就是; 或者……或者”.而neither是指“两个人或事物中一个也不”,是both 的全盘否定,常与nor搭配.either…or…和neither…nor…连接的并列结构作主语时,谓语坚持就近原则★Neither people nor plants can live without water or air.★There is only one seat here, either you or I can take it.经典例析1.They were all asleep. _____ of themheard the sound.A. AllB. BothC. NoneD. Neither2.Both of them are right.(同义句)_________ of them _____ wrong.3.All of us have been to Shanghai. (否定句)______ of us ____ been to Shanghai.4. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars.____ of them have set a good example to us.A. AllB. NeitherC. BothD. None5.---Can you come and give us a talk on Thursday or Friday?---I’m afraid ____ day is possible.A. eitherB. neitherC. everyD. any6.---May I use your pen?---Yes, here are two and you can use _____ of them.A. bothB. everyC. anyD. either7. Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk ?___, thanks. I’d just like a cup of tea.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None8. They were all tired, but _____ of them stopped to have a rest.9. I have two watches, but __ of them works well.A. bothB. allC. neitherD. none10. ---When shall we meet again, this Sunday or next Sunday ?--- _____ time is OK.A. EitherB. AnyC. AnotherD. One(4) few , a few ; little , a little，few , a few 修饰可数名词,little, a little修饰不可数名词. Few , little 表示否定,意为“几乎没有”,a few , a little 表示肯定,意为“有一些”.例如:I can’t buy the dress because I havejust a little money.Few people can live to be 150 years.经典例析1. Kate is a nice girl. She says _____ but do much.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little2. I have a little good friends in our class.(改错)3. There is little water in the bottle, ___ _______? (补全反意疑问句)4. Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night,________?A. don’t theyB. do theyC. didn’t theyD. did they5. My uncle is so busy that he has ___time to have a good rest.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little6. ____ of them can arrive in time, can they ?A. FewB. A fewC. LittleD. A little(5).other , others ,another , the other①other 泛指“另外的或其它的人和物”, 常做定语.例如:★ I don’t like this color, h ave you got any other colors?②Others泛指“另一些人和物”,相当于名词性物主代词.例如:★ Study harder, or you’ll fall behind the others.③another泛指三者.三者以上不定数目中的“另一个”,只可修饰或代替单数名词.例如:★ Would you like another cake?★ Could you please show me another pair?④the other特指“两者中的另一个人或物”.常与one对照使用, one …the other …一个……另一个…….★I have two pencils , one is long , the other is short.不可不记another +基数词+复数名词=基数词+more+复数名词,another和more表示“还,再……”,但当基数词是one时,名词要用单数.例如:★I want to have another two apples.★I want to have two more apples.经典例析1. I have finished this book, can you lend me ______?A. two more booksB. two another booksC. more two booksD. two books another2.I have two brothers. One is a doctor. _______ is a teacher.A. otherB. the otherC. othersD. another3. Have you finished your homework?Not yet. I think it will take ____ ten minutes.A. otherB. othersC. anotherD. more4.Shanghai is the largest city in China(同义句)Shanghai is ______ than ____ ____ city in China.四：疑问代词疑问代词who, whom, whose , what 和which都是用来构成特殊疑问的.who 通常作主语和表语,whom作宾语.What可用来提问职业.人口.价格.年龄.颜色.日期.星期.高度和尺寸的大小.经典例析1.---_______ is your favourite athlete?--- Liu Xiang.A. WhoseB. WhomC. WhoD. Which2. ---_____ does your father look like?--- He is tall and thin.A. WhatB. WhereC. WhoD. Which3. ---______ man is your father ?---The one in a white shirt.A. WhoB. WhatC. WhoseD. Which4.The man who is watering the flowers is my uncle.(划线提问)_____ _____ is your uncle ?5. The watch is 180 Yuan.(划线提问)______ is the _______ of the watch?五：关系代词1.Who 是主格,只可指认。

小学指示代词知识点总结指示代词是代词的一种，用来指示特定的人或物。

在小学的语文教学中，学生们需要掌握和运用指示代词，以便清晰地表达自己的意思。

本文将从指示代词的分类、用法和注意事项等方面进行总结，帮助小学生更好地掌握指示代词的知识。

一、指示代词的分类1. 近指示代词：this（单数）、these（复数）这些指示代词用来指示离说话人较近的人或物，如“this book”（这本书）、“these pens”（这些钢笔）。

2. 远指示代词：that（单数）、those（复数）这些指示代词用来指示离说话人较远的人或物，如“that cat”（那只猫）、“those flowers”（那些花）。

二、指示代词的用法1. 代替特定的人或物：指示代词可以代替特定的人或物，用来引起对上下文中的事物的关注，如“Look at this photo”（看这张照片）。

2. 引出新的人或物：指示代词也可以用来引出新的人或物，帮助说话人和听话人更好地理解上下文中的情景，如“This is my friend”（这是我的朋友）。

3. 表示选择：指示代词还可以用来表示选择，比如“Do you want this one or that one?”（你想要这个还是那个？）。

三、指示代词的注意事项1. 写作时要注意单复数的变化：在使用指示代词时，要根据所代替的名词的数来选择合适的指示代词形式，如“this book” 和“these books”。

2. 距离的理解：学生在使用指示代词时，要注意所指示的人或物与自己的位置关系，选择合适的指示代词形式，如“this”（这）和“that”（那）。

3. 搭配的注意：指示代词也要与名词搭配使用，不能随意替换，比如“this book”（这本书）和“that house”（那所房子）。

在小学的语文教学中，教师可以通过例句和练习帮助学生掌握指示代词的知识，引导他们在日常生活和学习中正确使用指示代词，提高语言表达能力。

指示代词专讲指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词，表示“这个/些”、“那个/些”。

一、常见的指示代词二、指示代词的句法功能及作用1. 指示代词在句中可以作主语、定语、表语、宾语等成分。

例如：This is a good idea. 这是个好主意。

(作主语)Those are for you. 那些是给你的。

(作主语)Such is the way to work out the problem. 这就是解决这个难题的方法。

(主语) What is the use of those books? 那些书是做什么用的？(作定语)Put these bags in the corner. 把这些袋子放在角落里。

(作定语)I have never seen such a clever child before. 我以前从未见过这么聪明的孩子。

(作定语)Those two dresses are the same. 那两件裙子是一样的。

(作表语)What I want is that. 我想要的是那个。

(作表语)She likes painting, but I don’t like that. 她喜欢画画，但我不喜欢。

(作动词宾语)Don’t tell her about that. 别把那件事告诉她。

(作介词宾语)2. this, these, that, those的用法区别①this和these是近指代词，指时间或空间较近的人或事物；that和those 是远指代词，指时间或空间上较远的人或事物。

例如：This present is for her and that one is yours. 这个礼物是给她的，那个是你的I don’t like these books. Could you please show me those ones? 我不喜欢这些书。

能不能把那些把给我看一看？【考点例证：山西中考】—Look! What’s ________ in the sky?看！空中的那个是什么？—It looks like a kite. 看起来像一个风筝。

指示代词指示代词是一种代词，用于在句子中指代某人或某物，以避免重复使用名词。

它们通过指示、代替和指定名词的方式来增加句子的清晰度和连贯性。

指示代词可以分为人称代词、指示代词、反身代词和不定代词等不同类型。

接下来，我们将对每种类型的指示代词进行介绍。

首先是人称代词。

人称代词用于代替特定的人或一组人，分为主格代词、宾格代词和所有格代词。

主格代词包括"I"（我）、"you"（你）、"he"（他）、"she"（她）、"it"（它）、"we"（我们）和"they"（他们）。

例如，句子"Mary is my sister. She is a doctor."中的"She"代替了前面提到的"Mary"。

宾格代词包括"me"（我）、"you"（你）、"him"（他）、"her"（她）、"it"（它）、"us"（我们）和"them"（他们）。

例如，句子"Jim called me yesterday. I thanked him for his help."中的"me"和"him"分别指代"Jim"和另一个人。

所有格代词包括"mine"（我的）、"yours"（你的）、"his"（他的）、"hers"（她的）、"its"（它的）、"ours"（我们的）和"theirs"（他们的）。

指示代词一、定义：用来指示或标识人或事物的代词，叫做指示代词。

指示代词的单数形式如下表：二、否定句和一般疑问句：1) 否定句: 在Be动词后加not.2) 一般疑问句：将Be动词移至句首。

三、肯定回答和否定回答先确定一般疑问句中的指示代词或指示代词+名词的结构相对应的代词。

在简略回答时，千万不能照抄原先的结构。

e.g. Is this woman a nurse? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.（this woman指nurse，用she替代）Is that dog cute? Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.（that dog用it替代）一、将下列句子改成否定句和一般疑问句。

e.g. This is a doctor. This is not a doctor.That girl is happy. Is that girl happy?1.This is a student.2. That man is thin.____________________ ________________________________________ ____________________二、用人称代词代替句子中的斜体部分。

1. This is a boy. ________________________________2. That is a girl. ________________________________3.This man is Mr. Wood. ________________________________4. This dog is cute. ________________________________5.Mr. Smith and Mrs.Smith are teachers._____________________________三、根据所给疑问句，用肯定和否定简略形式回答。