java缩写

JDK、JRE、JVM三者间的关系JDK（Java Development Kit）是针对Java开发员的产品，是整个Java的核⼼，包括了Java运⾏环境JRE、Java⼯具和Java基础类库。

Java Runtime Environment（JRE）是运⾏JAVA程序所必须的环境的集合，包含JVM标准实现及Java核⼼类库。

JVM是Java Virtual Machine（Java虚拟机）的缩写，是整个java实现跨平台的最核⼼的部分，能够运⾏以Java语⾔写作的软件程序。

在计算机开发语⾔的历史中，从来没有哪种语⾔象Java那样受到如此众多⼚商的⽀持，有如此多的开发⼯具。

JDK（Java Development Kit）JDK是Java开发⼯具包，是Sun Microsystems针对Java开发员的产品。

JDK中包含JRE，在JDK的安装⽬录下有⼀个名为jre的⽬录，⾥⾯有两个⽂件夹bin和lib，在这⾥可以认为bin⾥的就是jvm，lib中则是jvm⼯作所需要的类库，⽽jvm和 lib和起来就称为jre。

JDK是整个JAVA的核⼼，包括了Java运⾏环境JRE（Java Runtime Envirnment）、⼀堆Java⼯具（javac/java/jdb等）和Java基础的类库（即Java API 包括rt.jar）。

①SE(J2SE)，standard edition，标准版，是我们通常⽤的⼀个版本，从JDK 5.0开始，改名为Java SE。

②EE(J2EE)，enterprise edition，企业版，使⽤这种JDK开发J2EE应⽤程序，从JDK 5.0开始，改名为Java EE。

③ME(J2ME)，micro edition，主要⽤于移动设备、嵌⼊式设备上的java应⽤程序，从JDK 5.0开始，改名为Java ME。

Java Runtime Environment（JRE）是运⾏基于Java语⾔编写的程序所不可缺少的运⾏环境。

Web前端常见的英⽂缩写1. PV （Page View）页⾯浏览量2. FED（Front-End Development）前端开发3. F2E（Front-End Engineer）前端⼯程师4. WWW（World Wide Web）万维⽹5. W3C（World Wide Web Consortium）万维⽹联盟6. BBS（Bulletin Board System）电⼦公告板7. URL（Uniform Resource Locator）统⼀资源定位符8. URN（Uniform Resource Name）统⼀资源标名称9. URI（Uniform Resource Identifier）统⼀资源标识符10. NPM（Node Package Manager）Node.js包管理器11. XML（Extensible Markup Language）可扩展标记语⾔12. DTD（Document Type Definition）⽂档类型定义13. XHR（XMLHttpRequest）XMLHTTP的请求API函数14. CSS（Cascading Style Sheets）层叠样式表15. BFC（Block Formatting Context）块格式化上下⽂16. RWD（Responsive Web Design）响应式Web设计17. SVG（Scalable Vector Graphics）可缩放的⽮量图形18. DOM（Document Object Model）⽂档对象模型19. BOM（Browser Object Model）浏览器对象模型20. NaN （Not a Number）⾮数字21. MDN（Mozilla Developer Network）Mozilla开发者⽹络22. MVC（Model View Controller）模型-视图-控制器23. MVP（Model-View-Presenter）模型-视图-呈现24. FAQ（Frequently Asked Questions）常见问题解答25. IIS（Internet Information Service）互联⽹信息服务26. ASP（Active Server Pages）动态服务器页⾯27. PHP（Hypertext Preprocessor）超⽂本预处理器28. JSP（Java Server Pages）Java服务器页⾯29. JVM（Java Virtual Machine）Java虚拟机30. RPC（Remote Procedure Call）远程过程调⽤31. CDN（Content Dilivery Network）内容分发⽹络32. NTP（Network Time Protocol）⽹络时间协议33. GMT（Greenwich Mean Time）格林尼治标准时间世界时34. UTC（Coordinated Universal Time）协调世界时35. PST（Pacific Standard Time）太平洋标准时间36. XSS（Cross Site Scripting）跨站脚本攻击37. XUL（XML User Interface Language）可扩展标记语⾔⽤户界⾯语⾔38. SPA（Single Page Web Application）单页应⽤程序39. RIA（Rich Internet Application）富互联⽹程序40. WAI（Web Accessibility Initiative）⽹页易读性倡议41. UMD（Universal Module Definition）通⽤模块定义42. CMD（Common Module Definition）公共模块定义43. AMD（Asynchronous Module Definition）异步模块定义44. UED（User Experience Design）⽤户体验设计45. RSS（Really Simple Syndication）简易信息聚合46. CMS（Content Management System）内容管理系统47. DBA（Database Administrator）数据库管理员48. SEO（Search Engine Optimization）搜索引擎优化49. CLI（Command-Line Interface）命令⾏界⾯50. GUI（Graphical User Interface）图形⽤户界⾯51. HCI（Human Computer Interaction）⼈机交互52. API（Application Programming Interface）应⽤程序编程接⼝53. HSL（Hue Saturation Lightness）⾊相、饱和度、亮度54. RGB（Red Green Blue）红⾊绿⾊蓝⾊55. DNS（Domain Name System）域名系统56. RFC（Request For Comments）协议或标准的请求注解57. DES（Data Encryption Standard）数据加密标准58. DPI（Dots Per Inch）每英⼨点数59. GIF（Graphics Interchange Format）图形交换格式60. ISO（International Organization for Standardization）国际标准化组织61. ITU（International Telecommunication Union）国际电信联盟62. HSLA（Hue Saturation Alpha）⾊相、饱和度、亮度透明度63. RGBA（Red Green Blue Alpha）红⾊绿⾊蓝⾊透明度64. SGML（Standard Generalized Markup Language）标准通⽤标记语⾔65. HTML（HyperText Markup Language）超⽂本标记语⾔66. SMIL（Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language）同步多媒体集成语⾔67. HTTP（HyperText Transfer Protocol）超⽂本传输协议68. SMTP（Simple Mail Transfer Protocol）简单邮件传输协议69. SOAP（Simple Object Access Protocol）简单对象访问协议70. IEEE（Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers）电⽓和电⼦⼯程师协会71. IETF（Internet Engineering Task Force）因特⽹⼯程任务组72. JPEG（Joint Photographic Experts Group）联合图像专家组73. MPEG（Moving Picture Expert Group）运动图像专家组74. MMVF（Multi-Media Video File）多媒体视频⽂件75. MIDI（Musical Instrument Digital Interface）乐器数字接⼝76. EDIF（Electronic Design Interchange Format）电⼦设计交换格式77. JSON（JavaScript Object Notation) JS 对象简谱78. BSON（Binary JSON) ⼆进制JSON79. ODBC（Open Database Connectivity) 开放数据库连接80. JDBC（Java DataBase Connectivity) java数据库连接81. AJAX（Asynchronous Javascript And XML）异步 JavaScript 和 XML82. MVVM（Model-View-ViewModel）模型-视图-视图模型83. WCAG（Web Content Accessibility Guidelines）web内容⽆障碍指南84. CSRF（Cross Site Request Forgery）跨站请求伪造85. CORS（Cross-Origin Resource Sharing）跨域资源共享86. HREF（Hypertext Reference）超⽂本引⽤87. MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) 多⽤途互联⽹邮件扩展88. REPL（Read-Eval-Print Loop）读取-求值-输出的循环交互式解释器89. ANSI（American National Standards Institute）美国国家标准学会90. CNPM（Chinese Node Package Manager）淘宝镜像Node.js包管理器91. JSONP（JSON with Padding）填充式JSON或参数式JSON92. HTTPS（Hyper Text Transfer Protocol over SecureSocket Layer）超⽂本传输安全协议93. ASCII（American Standard Code for Information Interchange）美国信息交换标准代码94. UTF-8（8-bit Unicode Transformation Format）8位Unicode转换格式95. WHATWG（Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group）⽹页超⽂本应⽤技术⼯作⼩组。

[生活]计算机专业英语词汇缩写大全计算机专业英语词汇缩写大全计算机专业英语词汇缩写大全(J-Z)2010年01月06日星期三 12:47J J2EE — Java 2 Enterprise Edition J2ME — Java 2 Micro Edition J2SE — Java 2 Standard Edition JAXB — Java Architecture for XML Binding JAX-RPC — Java XML for Remote Procedure Calls JAXP — Java API for XML Processing JBOD — Just a Bunch of Disks JCE — Java Cryptography Extension JCL — Job Control Language JCP — Java Community Process JDBC — Java Database Connectivity JDK — Java Development KitJES — Job Entry SubsystemJDS — Java Desktop SystemJFC — Java Foundation Classes JFET — Junction Field-Effect Transistor JFS — IBM Journaling File System JINI — Jini Is Not InitialsJIT — Just-In-TimeJMX — Java Management Extensions JMS — Java Message Service JNDI — Java Naming and Directory Interface JNI — Java Native InterfaceJPEG — Joint Photographic Experts Group JRE — Java Runtime Environment JS — JavaScriptJSON — JavaScript Object NotationJSP — Jackson Structured Programming JSP — JavaServer PagesJTAG — Joint Test Action Group JUG — Java Users Group JVM — Java Virtual Machine jwz — Jamie ZawinskiKK&R — Kernighan and Ritchie KB — KeyboardKb — KilobitKB — KilobyteKB — Knowledge BaseKDE — K Desktop Environment kHz — KilohertzKISS — Keep It Simple, Stupid KVM — Keyboard, Video, Mouse LL10N — LocalizationL2TP — Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol LAMP — Linux Apache MySQL Perl LAMP — Linux Apache MySQL PHP LAMP — Linux Apache MySQL Python LAN —Local Area Network LBA — Logical Block Addressing LCD — Liquid Crystal Display LCOS — Liquid Crystal On Silicon LDAP — Lightweight Directory Access ProtocolLE — Logical ExtentsLED — Light-Emitting Diode LF — Line FeedLF — Low FrequencyLFS — Linux From Scratch lib — libraryLIF — Low Insertion Force LIFO — Last In First Out LILO — Linux LoaderLKML — Linux Kernel Mailing List LM — Lan ManagerLGPL — Lesser General Public License LOC — Lines of CodeLPI — Linux Professional Institute LPT — Line Print Terminal LSB — Least Significant Bit LSB — Linux Standard Base LSI — Large-Scale IntegrationLTL — Linear Temporal Logic LTR — Left-to-RightLUG — Linux User Group LUN — Logical Unit Number LV — Logical VolumeLVD — Low Voltage Differential LVM — Logical Volume Management LZW — Lempel-Ziv-Welch MMAC — Mandatory Access Control MAC — Media Access Control MAN —Metropolitan Area Network MANET — Mobile Ad-Hoc Network MAPI —Messaging Application Programming InterfaceMb — MegabitMB — MegabyteMBCS — Multi Byte Character Set MBR — Master Boot RecordMCA — Micro Channel Architecture MCSA — Microsoft Certified Systems AdministratorMCSD — Microsoft Certified Solution DeveloperMCSE — Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer MDA — Mail Delivery AgentMDA — Model-Driven Architecture MDA — Monochrome Display Adapter MDF — Main Distribution FrameMDI — Multiple Document Interface ME — [Windows] Millennium Edition MF — Medium FrequencyMFC — Microsoft Foundation Classes MFM — Modified Frequency Modulation MGCP — Media Gateway Control Protocol MHz — Megahertz MIB — Management Information Base MICR — Magnetic Ink Character Recognition MIDI — Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIMD —Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data MIMO — Multiple-Input Multiple-Output MIPS — Million Instructions Per Second MIPS — Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline StagesMIS — Management Information Systems MISD — Multiple Instruction, Single Data MIT — Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIME —Multipurpose Internet Mail ExtensionsMMDS — Mortality Medical Data System MMI — Man Machine Interface. MMIO — Memory-Mapped I/OMMORPG — Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing GameMMU — Memory Management Unit MMX — Multi-Media Extensions MNG —Multiple-image Network Graphics MoBo — MotherboardMOM — Message-Oriented Middleware MOO — MUD Object OrientedMOSFET — Metal-Oxide Semiconductor FET MOTD — Message Of The Day MPAA — Motion Picture Association of America MPEG — Motion Pictures Experts Group MPL — Mozilla Public License MPLS —Multiprotocol Label Switching MPU — Microprocessor Unit MS — Memory StickMS — MicrosoftMSB — Most Significant Bit MS-DOS — Microsoft DOSMT — Machine TranslationMTA — Mail Transfer AgentMTU — Maximum Transmission Unit MSA — Mail Submission Agent MSDN — Microsoft Developer Network MSI — Medium-Scale Integration MSI — Microsoft InstallerMUA — Mail User AgentMUD — Multi-User DungeonMVC — Model-View-ControllerMVP — Most Valuable Professional MVS — Multiple Virtual Storage MX — Mail exchangeMXF — Material Exchange Format NNACK — Negative ACKnowledgement NAK — Negative AcKnowledge Character NAS — Network-Attached Storage NAT — Network Address Translation NCP — NetWare Core ProtocolNCQ — Native Command Queuing NCSA — National Center for Supercomputing ApplicationsNDPS — Novell Distributed Print Services NDS — Novell Directory Services NEP — Network Equipment Provider NEXT — Near-End CrossTalk NFA — Nondeterministic Finite Automaton GNSCB — Next-Generation Secure Computing BaseNFS — Network File SystemNI — National InstrumentsNIC — Network Interface Controller NIM — No Internal Message NIO — New I/ONIST — National Institute of Standards and TechnologyNLP — Natural Language Processing NLS — Native Language Support NP — Non-Deterministic Polynomial-TimeNPL — Netscape Public License NPU — Network Processing Unit NS —NetscapeNSA — National Security Agency NSPR — Netscape Portable Runtime NMI — Non-Maskable Interrupt NNTP — Network News Transfer Protocol NOC — Network Operations Center NOP — No OPerationNOS — Network Operating System NPTL — Native POSIX Thread Library NSS — Novell Storage Service NSS — Network Security Services NSS —Name Service SwitchNT — New TechnologyNTFS — NT FilesystemNTLM — NT Lan ManagerNTP — Network Time Protocol NUMA — Non-Uniform Memory Access NURBS — Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline NVR - Network Video Recorder NVRAM — Non-Volatile Random Access Memory OOASIS — Organization for the Advancement of StructuredInformation StandardsOAT — Operational Acceptance Testing OBSAI — Open Base Station Architecture InitiativeODBC — Open Database Connectivity OEM — Original Equipment Manufacturer OES — Open Enterprise ServerOFTC — Open and Free Technology Community OLAP — Online Analytical Processing OLE — Object Linking and Embedding OLED — Organic LightEmitting Diode OLPC — One Laptop per Child OLTP — Online Transaction Processing OMG — Object Management Group OO — Object-Oriented OO — Open OfficeOOM — Out of memoryOOo — OOP — Object-Oriented Programming OPML — Outline Processor Markup Language ORB — Object Request Broker ORM — Oject-Relational Mapping OS — Open SourceOS — Operating SystemOSCON — O'Reilly Open Source Convention OSDN — Open Source Developer Network OSI — Open Source Initiative OSI — Open Systems Interconnection OSPF — Open Shortest Path First OSS — Open Sound SystemOSS — Open-Source SoftwareOSS — Operations Support System OSTG — Open Source Technology Group OUI — Organizationally Unique Identifier PP2P — Peer-To-PeerPAN — Personal Area Network PAP — Password Authentication Protocol PARC — Palo Alto Research Center PATA — Parallel ATAPC — Personal ComputerPCB — Printed Circuit BoardPCB — Process Control BlockPCI — Peripheral Component Interconnect PCIe — PCI ExpressPCL — Printer Command Language PCMCIA — Personal Computer Memory Card InternationalAssociationPCM — Pulse-Code ModulationPCRE — Perl Compatible Regular Expressions PD — Public Domain PDA — Personal Digital Assistant PDF — Portable Document Format PDP — Programmed Data Processor PE — Physical ExtentsPEBKAC — Problem Exists Between Keyboard And ChairPERL — Practical Extraction and Reporting LanguagePGA — Pin Grid ArrayPGO — Profile-Guided Optimization PGP — Pretty Good PrivacyPHP — PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor PIC — Peripheral Interface Controller PIC — Programmable Interrupt Controller PID — Proportional-Integral-Derivative PID — Process IDPIM — Personal Information Manager PINE — Program for Internet News & EmailPIO — Programmed Input/Output PKCS — Public Key Cryptography Standards PKI — Public Key Infrastructure PLC — Power Line Communication PLC — Programmable Logic Controller PLD — Programmable Logic Device PL/I — Programming Language One PL/M — Programming Language for MicrocomputersPL/P — Programming Language for Prime PLT — Power Line Telecoms PMM — POST Memory ManagerPNG — Portable Network Graphics PnP — Plug-and-PlayPoE — Power over EthernetPOP — Point of PresencePOP3 — Post Office Protocol v3 POSIX — Portable Operating System Interface POST — Power-On Self TestPPC — PowerPCPPI — Pixels Per InchPPP — Point-to-Point Protocol PPPoA — PPP over ATMPPPoE — PPP over EthernetPPTP — Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol PS — PostScriptPS/2 — Personal System/2PSU — Power Supply UnitPSVI — Post-Schema-Validation Infoset PV — Physical VolumePVG — Physical Volume GroupPVR — Personal Video RecorderPXE — Preboot Execution Environment PXI — PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation QQDR — Quad Data RateQA — Quality AssuranceQFP — Quad Flat PackageQoS — Quality of ServiceQOTD — Quote of the DayQt — Quasar ToolkitQTAM — Queued Teleprocessing Access Method RRACF — Resource Access Control Facility RAD — Rapid Application Development RADIUS — Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RAID — Redundant Array of Independent Disks RAID — Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks RAIT — Redundant Array of Inexpensive Tapes RAM —Random Access MemoryRARP — Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RAS — Remote Access ServiceRC — Region CodeRC — Release CandidateRC — Run CommandsRCS — Revision Control SystemRDBMS — Relational Database Management SystemRDF — Resource Description Framework RDM — Relational Data Model RDS — Remote Data ServicesREFAL — REcursive Functions Algorithmic LanguageREST — Representational State Transfer regex — Regular Expression regexp — Regular Expression RF — Radio FrequencyRFC — Request For CommentsRFI — Radio Frequency Interference RFID — Radio Frequency Identification RGB — Red, Green, BlueRGBA — Red, Green, Blue, Alpha RHL — Red Hat LinuxRHEL — Red Hat Enterprise Linux RIA — Rich Internet Application RIAA — Recording Industry Association of AmericaRIP — Raster Image Processor RIP — Routing Information Protocol RISC — Reduced Instruction Set Computer RLE — Run-Length Encoding RLL — Run-Length LimitedRMI — Remote Method Invocation RMS — Richard Matthew Stallman ROM — Read Only MemoryROMB — Read-Out Motherboard RPC — Remote Procedure Call RPG —Report Program Generator RPM — RPM Package ManagerRSA — Rivest Shamir Adleman RSI — Repetitive Strain Injury RSS —Rich Site Summary, RDF Site Summary, or Really SimpleSyndicationRTC — Real-Time ClockRTE — Real-Time EnterpriseRTL — Right-to-LeftRTOS — Real Time Operating System RTP — Real-time Transport Protocol RTS — Ready To SendRTSP — Real Time Streaming Protocol SSaaS — Software as a Service SAN — Storage Area NetworkSAR — Search And Replace[1]SATA — Serial ATASAX — Simple API for XMLSBOD — Spinning Beachball of Death SBP-2 — Serial Bus Protocol 2 sbin — superuser binarySBU — Standard Build UnitSCADA — Supervisory Control And Data AcquisitionSCID — Source Code in Database SCM — Software Configuration Management SCM — Source Code Management SCP — Secure Copy SCPI — Standard Commands for Programmable Instrumentation SCSI — Small Computer System Interface SCTP — Stream Control Transmission Protocol SD — Secure DigitalSDDL — Security Descriptor Definition LanguageSDI — Single Document InterfaceSDIO — Secure Digital Input OutputSDK — Software Development KitSDL — Simple DirectMedia LayerSDN — Service Delivery NetworkSDP — Session Description ProtocolSDR — Software-Defined RadioSDRAM — Synchronous Dynamic Random Access MemorySDSL — Symmetric DSLSE — Single EndedSEAL — Semantics-directed Environment Adaptation Language SEI — Software Engineering InstituteSEO — Search Engine OptimizationSFTP — Secure FTPSFTP — Simple File Transfer ProtocolSFTP — SSH File Transfer ProtocolSGI — Silicon Graphics, IncorporatedSGML — Standard Generalized Markup LanguageSHA — Secure Hash AlgorithmSHDSL — Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber LineSIGCAT — Special Interest Group on CD-ROM Applications andTechnologySIGGRAPH — Special Interest Group on GraphicsSIMD — Single Instruction, Multiple DataSIMM — Single Inline Memory ModuleSIP — Session Initiation ProtocolSIP — Supplementary Ideographic PlaneSISD — Single Instruction, Single Data SLED — SUSE LinuxEnterprise Desktop SLES — SUSE Linux Enterprise Server SLI — Scalable Link Interface SLIP — Serial Line Internet Protocol SLM — Service Level Management SLOC — Source Lines of Code SPMD — Single Program, Multiple Data SMA — SubMiniature version A SMB — Server Message Block SMBIOS — System Management BIOS SMIL — Synchronized Multimedia Integration LanguageS/MIME — Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail ExtensionsSMP — Supplementary Multilingual Plane SMP — Symmetric Multi-Processing SMS — Short Message Service SMS — System Management Server SMT — Simultaneous Multithreading SMTP — Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SNA — Systems Network Architecture SNMP — Simple Network Management Protocol SOA — Service-Oriented Architecture SOE — Standard Operating Environment SOAP — Simple Object Access Protocol SoC — System-on-a-ChipSO-DIMM — Small Outline DIMM SOHO — Small Office/Home OfficeSOI — Silicon On InsulatorSP — Service PackSPA — Single Page Application SPF — Sender Policy Framework SPI —Serial Peripheral Interface SPI — Stateful Packet Inspection SPARC —Scalable Processor Architecture SQL — Structured Query Language SRAM —Static Random Access Memory SSD — Software Specification Document SSD - Solid-State DriveSSE — Streaming SIMD Extensions SSH — Secure ShellSSI — Server Side Includes SSI — Single-System Image SSI — Small-Scale Integration SSID — Service Set Identifier SSL — Secure Socket Layer SSP — Supplementary Special-purpose Plane SSSE — Supplementary Streaming SIMD Extensionssu — superuserSUS — Single UNIX Specification SUSE — Software und System-Entwicklung SVC — Scalable Video Coding SVG — Scalable Vector Graphics SVGA — Super Video Graphics Array SVD — Structured VLSI Design SWF —Shock Wave FlashSWT — Standard Widget Toolkit Sysop — System operatorTTAO — Track-At-OnceTB — TerabyteTcl — Tool Command Language TCP — Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP — Transmission Control Protocol/Internet ProtocolTCU — Telecommunication Control Unit TDMA — Time Division Multiple Access TFT — Thin Film Transistor TI — Texas Instruments TLA — Three-Letter Acronym TLD — Top-Level DomainTLS — Thread-Local Storage TLS — Transport Layer Security tmp —temporaryTNC — Terminal Node Controller TNC — Threaded Neill-Concelman connector TSO — Time Sharing OptionTSP — Traveling Salesman Problem TSR — Terminate and Stay Resident TTA — True Tap AudioTTF — TrueType FontTTL — Transistor-Transistor Logic TTL — Time To LiveTTS — Text-to-SpeechTTY — TeletypeTUCOWS — The Ultimate Collection of Winsock SoftwareTUG — TeX Users GroupTWAIN - Technology Without An Interesting NameUUAAG — User Agent Accessibility Guidelines UAC — User Account Control UART — Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter UAT — User Acceptance Testing UCS — Universal Character SetUDDI — Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration UDMA — Ultra DMAUDP — User Datagram Protocol UE — User ExperienceUEFI — Unified Extensible Firmware Interface UHF — Ultra High Frequency UI — User InterfaceUL — UploadULA — Uncommitted Logic Array UMA — Upper Memory AreaUMB — Upper Memory BlockUML — Unified Modeling Language UML — User-Mode LinuxUMPC — Ultra-Mobile Personal Computer UNC — Universal Naming Convention UPS — Uninterruptible Power Supply URI — Uniform Resource Identifier URL — Uniform Resource Locator URN — Uniform Resource Name USB — Universal Serial Bus usr — userUSR — U.S. RoboticsUTC — Coordinated Universal Time UTF — Unicode Transformation FormatUTP — Unshielded Twisted Pair UUCP — Unix to Unix CopyUUID — Universally Unique Identifier UVC — Universal Virtual Computer Vvar — variableVAX — Virtual Address eXtension VCPI — Virtual Control Program Interface VR — Virtual RealityVRML — Virtual Reality Modeling Language VB — Visual BasicVBA — Visual Basic for Applications VBS — Visual Basic Script VDSL — Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber LineVESA — Video Electronics Standards AssociationVFAT — Virtual FATVFS — Virtual File SystemVG — Volume GroupVGA — Video Graphics ArrayVHF — Very High FrequencyVLAN — Virtual Local Area Network VLSM — Variable Length Subnet Mask VLB — Vesa Local BusVLF — Very Low FrequencyVLIW - Very Long Instruction Word— uinvac VLSI — Very-Large-Scale Integration VM — Virtual MachineVM — Virtual MemoryVOD — Video On DemandVoIP — Voice over Internet Protocol VPN — Virtual Private Network VPU — Visual Processing Unit VSAM — Virtual Storage Access Method VSAT — Very Small Aperture Terminal VT — Video Terminal?VTAM — Virtual Telecommunications Access MethodWW3C — World Wide Web Consortium WAFS — Wide Area File ServicesWAI — Web Accessibility Initiative WAIS — Wide Area Information Server WAN — Wide Area NetworkWAP — Wireless Access Point WAP — Wireless Application Protocol WAV — WAVEform audio format WBEM — Web-Based Enterprise Management WCAG — Web Content Accessibility Guidelines WCF — Windows Communication Foundation WDM — Wavelength-Division Multiplexing WebDAV — WWW Distributed Authoring and VersioningWEP — Wired Equivalent Privacy Wi-Fi — Wireless FidelityWiMAX — Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave AccessWinFS — Windows Future Storage WINS- Windows Internet Name Service WLAN — Wireless Local Area Network WMA — Windows Media Audio WMV — Windows Media VideoWOL — Wake-on-LANWOM — Wake-on-ModemWOR — Wake-on-RingWPA — Wi-Fi Protected Access WPAN — Wireless Personal Area Network WPF — Windows Presentation Foundation WSDL — Web Services Description Language WSFL — Web Services Flow Language WUSB — Wireless Universal Serial Bus WWAN — Wireless Wide Area Network WWID — World Wide Identifier WWN — World Wide NameWWW — World Wide WebWYSIWYG — What You See Is What You Get WZC — Wireless Zero Configuration WFI — Wait For InterruptXXAG — XML Accessibility Guidelines XAML — eXtensible Application Markup LanguageXDM — X Window Display Manager XDMCP — X Display Manager Control Protocol XCBL — XML Common Business Library XHTML — eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language XILP — X Interactive ListProc XML —eXtensible Markup Language XMMS — X Multimedia SystemXMPP — eXtensible Messaging and Presence ProtocolXMS — Extended Memory SpecificationXNS — Xerox Network Systems XP — Cross-PlatformXP — Extreme ProgrammingXPCOM — Cross Platform Component Object ModelXPI — XPInstallXPIDL — Cross-Platform IDLXSD — XML Schema Definition XSL — eXtensible Stylesheet Language XSL-FO — eXtensible Stylesheet Language Formatting Objects XSLT — eXtensible Stylesheet Language TransformationsXSS — Cross-Site ScriptingXTF — eXtensible Tag Framework XTF — eXtended Triton Format XUL —XML User Interface Language YY2K — Year Two ThousandYACC — Yet Another Compiler Compiler YAML — YAML Ain't Markup Language YAST — Yet Another Setup Tool ZZCAV — Zone Constant Angular Velocity ZCS — Zero Code Suppression ZIF — Zero Insertion ForceZIFS — Zero Insertion Force Socket ZISC — Zero Instruction Set Computer ZOPE — Z Object Publishing Environment ZMA — Zone Multicast Address。

JAVA的概念理解：JavaSE、JavaEE、JavaME、jdk、jre、ide JavaSE是Java Standard Edtion的缩写，译成中⽂就是Java标准版，也是Java的核⼼。

⽆论是JavaEE(Java企业版)还是JavaME(Java微型版)都是以JavaSE为基础。

相当于它就是Java的语法规则se是企业标准版，ee是web版（⽬前应⽤⼴泛），me是微型版，也就是⼿机⼩程序]Java分为JavaME JavaSE JavaEE JavaME是微型版，也就是⼿机开放平台，现在流⾏的Android就在这个平台上；JavaEE也就是企业级开发，专门为企业服务的⼀种开放平台，JavaWeb开放就是基于这个平台。

⽽JavaSE就是⼀种标准版，是Java中的基础部分，不过后来的各种框架，各种产品都是基于JavaSE,也就是JavaSE是java向上发展的基础，Java任何⾼级产品的底层基础都是JavaSE,所以如果要学习，把它学扎实，牢固是很有必要的。

J2EE是在java1.2是沿⽤下来的名字，从java1.5开始更名为JavaEE 5.0。

相应的J2SE-->JavaSEJ2ME-->JavaME现在是JavaEE 6.0只是名字的变换，并没有什么⼤的改变。

要说有改变，那也就是版本的升级。

jdk下的lib和jdk/jre下的lib⽂件是⼀样的，这只是为了不同场景下的使⽤，解释如下：1.普通⽤户装jre即可。

开发⼈员需要安装jdk，其中包括jre。

所以jdk⽬录下包括jre⽬录。

两个jre⼤体相同，有细微的差别。

两套 jre ，是针对不同的⼯作职责！不同的 jre 负责各⾃范围的内容。

当⽤户只需要执⾏ java 的程序时，那么C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.5.0_08的 jre 就 ok ！2.当⽤户是 java 程序员，则需要 java 开发环境。

jvm debug 参数JVM是Java虚拟机的缩写。

JVM起着Java程序的运行环境之作用，因此JVM的性能直接影响程序运行的效率。

在开发Java应用程序的过程中，当出现异常情况时，需要借助JVM的debug参数来进行程序的调试和故障排查。

下面我们来详细了解一下JVM debug参数的使用方法。

第一步：开启JVM debug模式在Tomcat这样的应用程序中，我们可以在启动的时候通过设置JAVA_OPTS参数来开启JVM debug模式。

具体操作方法如下：1. 进入Tomcat安装目录中的bin目录，找到catalina.bat文件（Windows系统）或catalina.sh文件（Linux系统）。

2. 打开文件，找到JAVA_OPTS参数，修改为如下参数：JAVA_OPTS="-server -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xms512m -Xmx1024m -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=8080,server=y,suspend=n"以上参数中，“transport=dt_socket”表示调试连接的通信协议，“address=8080”表示调试连接的端口号，“server=y”表示开启服务器模式，允许多个调试连接，“suspend=n”表示不在启动时暂停Tomcat服务。

3. 保存文件并退出。

接下来重新启动Tomcat服务即可。

第二步：使用JVM debug参数调试应用程序当程序出现异常情况时，我们需要借助JVM debug参数来进行调试。

下面是具体操作步骤：1. 打开Eclipse或IntelliJ IDEA等集成开发环境，在调试模式下启动我们的应用程序。

同时，在Eclipse的Debug菜单中选择“Remote Java Application”项。

2. 在弹出的“Remote Java Application”对话框中填写连接参数。

Java名称缩写⼤全名称缩写RDB--->redis database 储存复制数据库AOF--->Append-only file 仅追加⽂件IOC--->inversion of control 控制反转AOP--->Aspect Oriented Programming ⾯向切⾯编程SOA--->Service-Oriented Architecture ⾯向服务的结构RPC--->Remote Produce Call 远程过程调⽤RMI--->Remote Method Invocation 远程⽅法调⽤RPM--->Red-Hat Package Manager RPM软件包管理器JVM--->Java Virtual Machine Java虚拟机OOP--->Object Oriented Programming ⾯向对象程序设计HTTP--->Hypertext Transfer Protocol 超⽂本传输协议JWT--->JSON Web Token json web令牌HA--->Hig h A vailable 双机集群系统SPOF--->single point of failure 单点故障SSO--->SingleSignOn 单点登录API--->Application Programming Interface 应⽤程序编程接⼝IDE--->Integrated Development Environment 集成开发环境JDK--->JavaDevelopmentKit Java开发⼯具包JRE--->Java Runtime Environment Java运⾏环境JDBC--->Java DataBase Connectivity java数据库连接DBCP---> DataBase connection pool 数据库连接池DI--->Data Input 数据输⼊JMS--->Java Message Service Java消息服务MQ--->Message Queue 消息队列SQL--->Structured Query Language 结构化查询语⾔DDL--->Data Definition Language 数据库模式定义语⾔DML--->Data Manipulation Language 数据操纵语⾔UUID---> Universally Unique Identifier 通⽤唯⼀识别码VO--->value object 值对象PO--->persistant object 持久对象ARP--->Address Resolution Protocol 地址解析协议LB--->LoadBalance 负载均衡。

jdk,jre的相关概念JDK（Java Development Kit）与JRE（Java Runtime Environment）是与Java开发相关的两个重要概念。

本文将详细解释这两个概念并说明它们之间的关系。

一、JDK概述JDK是Java开发工具包的缩写。

它是Java开发者在开发Java应用程序时必须安装的软件包。

JDK包含了Java编译器、Java虚拟机（JVM）和各种Java类库等组件。

通过JDK提供的工具和API，开发者可以创建、编译和运行Java应用程序。

二、JRE概述JRE是Java运行时环境的缩写。

它是在执行Java应用程序时所必需的软件包。

JRE包含了Java虚拟机（JVM）和一些基本类库等组件。

通过JRE，用户可以运行Java程序，但无法进行Java程序的开发工作。

三、JDK与JRE的区别1. 功能不同：JDK主要用于Java程序的开发，包含编译器、调试器等工具，以及开发所需的各种库文件；而JRE则主要用于Java程序的执行，只包含了运行Java程序所必须的组件。

2. 文件大小：JDK比JRE体积要大，因为JDK除了包含JRE的全部内容外，还包含了开发所需的各种工具和库文件。

3. 用途不同：JDK适用于需要进行Java程序开发的开发者，而JRE适用于只需要运行Java程序的普通用户。

4. 安装方式：JDK需要下载并安装JDK软件包，而JRE则可以直接下载并安装JRE软件包。

四、JDK与JRE的关系JDK和JRE是相关但独立的软件包。

简单来说，JRE是JDK的一部分，也可以说JDK包含了JRE。

也就是说，JDK是JRE的一个超集，JDK在JRE的基础上添加了开发所需的工具和库文件。

具体来说，JDK包含了JRE的全部内容，如Java虚拟机（JVM）、Java 类库等。

除此之外，JDK还提供了用于开发的各种工具和库文件，如Java编译器、调试器、性能分析器等。

因此，当我们需要进行Java程序的开发工作时，首先需要安装JDK。

实体entity、JavaBean、Model、POJO、domain的区别实体entity、JavaBean、Model、POJO、domain的区别Java Bean、POJO、 Entity、 VO ，其实都是java 对象，只不过⽤于不同场合罢了。

按照 Spring MVC 分层结构：JavaBean: 表⽰层（Presentation Layer）Entity：业务层（Service layer）Dao：数据访问层（data access layer）。

Entity接近原始数据，Model接近业务对象～Entity：是专⽤于EF的对数据库表的操作，Model：是为页⾯提供数据和数据校验的，所以两者可以并存POJO：POJO是Plain OrdinaryJava Object的缩写不错，但是它通指没有使⽤Entity Beans的普通java对象，可以把POJO作为⽀持业务逻辑的协助类。

domain：domain这个包国外很多项⽬经常⽤到，字⾯意思是域的意思。

POJO实质上可以理解为简单的实体类，顾名思义POJO类的作⽤是⽅便程序员使⽤数据库中的数据表，对于⼴⼤的程序员，可以很⽅便的将POJO类当做对象来进⾏使⽤，当然也是可以⽅便的调⽤其get,set⽅法。

　- JavaBean: 先说JavaBean，JavaBean更多的是⼀种规范，也即包含⼀组set和get⽅法的Java对象。

　- POJO: 普通的Java对象，对于属性⼀般实现了JavaBean的标准，另外还可以包含⼀些简单的业务逻辑(⽅法)。

　- PO: POJO在持久层的体现，对POJO持久化后就成了PO。

PO更多的是跟数据库设计层⾯相关，⼀般PO与数据表对应，⼀个PO就是对应数据表的⼀条记录。

- DAO: PO持久化到数据库是要进⾏相关的数据库操作的(CRUQ)，这些对数据库操作的⽅法会统⼀放到⼀个Java对象中，这就是DAO。

API (Appli‎c atio‎n Progr‎a mmin‎g Inter‎f ace) 应用编程接‎口JRE (Java Runti‎m e Envir‎o ment‎) Java 运行时环境‎JDK (Java Devel‎o pmen‎t Kit) Java开‎发工具包SDK（Softw‎a re Devel‎o pmen‎t Kit, 即软件开发‎工具包）JVM (Java Virtu‎a l Machi‎n e) Java虚‎拟机JNI (Java Nativ‎e Inter‎f ace) Java本‎地接口AWT (Abstr‎a ct Windo‎w s Toole‎k it) 抽象窗口工‎具箱JNDI (Java Namin‎g & Direc‎t ory Inter‎f ace) JAVA命‎名目录服务‎.主要提供的‎功能是：提供一个目‎录系统，让其它各地‎的应用程序‎在其上面留‎下自己的索‎引，从而满足快‎速查找和定‎位分布式应‎用程序的功‎能。

JMS (Java Messa‎g e Servi‎c e)JAVA消‎息服务.主要实现各‎个应用程序‎之间的通讯‎.包括点对点‎和广播.JTA (Java Trans‎c atio‎n API) JAVA事‎务服务.提供各种分‎布式事务服‎务.应用程序只‎需调用其提‎供的接口即‎可.JAF (Java Actio‎n Frame‎W ork) JAVA安‎全认证框架‎.提供一些安‎全控制方面‎的框架.让开发者通‎过各种部署‎和自定义实‎现自己的个‎性安全控制‎策略.RMI (Remot‎e Metho‎d Inter‎f ace) 远程方法调‎用CVS (Concu‎r rent‎Versi‎o ns Syste‎m) 版本控制器‎SVN (Subve‎r sion‎)版本控制器‎TC (Test Case) 测试用例，是为某个特‎殊目标而编‎制的一组测‎试输入、执行条件以‎及预期结果‎，以便测试某‎个程序路径‎或核实是否‎满足某个特‎定需求。

计算机常用名词的英文缩写计算机常用名词的英文缩写GUI:图形用户界面(Graphics User interface) SQL:结构化查询语言(Structured Query Language) &&用于数据库的操作用于数据库的操作. DDL:数据定义语言(Data Defini on Language) DML:数据处理语言(Data Manipula on Language) DLL:动态链接库(Dynamic link library) DIY:自己动手(Do it yourself) COP:流控制语句流控制语句 (Control-of-flow) &&SQLserver数据库中使用. DTE:数据终端设备数据终端设备 (Data Terminal Equipment) DCE:数据电路终接设备数据电路终接设备 (Data circuit-temina ng equipment) OLE:对象连接与嵌入对象连接与嵌入 (Object link and embed) PAD:装配拆卸设备装配拆卸设备 (Packet assembler disassemble) NCC:网络控制中心网络控制中心 (Network control center) IMP:接口信息处理机接口信息处理机 (Interface message processor) PSE:分组交换设备分组交换设备 (Packet switching exchanger) SCS:综合布线系统综合布线系统 (Structure cabling system) GSM:数字通信&&传统上说的'大哥大' RAM:随机存储器=>'内存'(Random Access Memory) ROM:只读存储器只读存储器 (Read－Only Memory) EDO:扩充数据输出(Extended Data Output) SDRAM:同步动态随机存储器=>同步DRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) Cache 高速缓冲存储器,是位于CPU 和主存储器DRAM(Dynamic DRAM(Dynamic Randon Randon Randon Access Access Memory)之间，规模较小，但速度很高的存储器，通常由SRAM(Sta c SRAM(Sta c Random Random Access Memory 静态存储器)组成。