2013年首都师范大学英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷.doc

北京师范大学2013年博士入学英语试题与答案详解第一部分：试题部分Part I: Reading comprehension (45%)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then select the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D by marking the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1In contrast to rock musicians, jazz players prefer to spend their time with their music and tend to measure success by that single standard, as a trombonist once put it:”A jazz musician would rather play a good concert for three people than a bad one for three thousand.”All the same, with their fellow players, jazzmen are collegiate and gregarious, exchanging musical ideas in a spirit of mutual support or friendly competition, uniting in a collaborative effort to raise the level of their art. Even the greatest individualists have benefited from the talents of others.In this legendary band, Duke Ellington provided star soloists with the ideal framework for their abilities. At the same time, they inspired him with the rich material of their personal idioms and phrases, which found their way into his compositions. In fact, Ellington was so adept at recycling what he heard that one of them dismissed him as” not a composer but a compiler”.Ellington’s creative gifts were genuine and vast, but for much of his life he did receive crucial assistance not only from the involvement of his band, but from an actual day-in, day-out collaborator. In 1938 he met Billy Strayhorn, a youngpianist-composer who was immediately brought into the ducal fold. Stryhorn became Ellington’s altered ego, contributing scores to the band but functioning even more importantly as a silent partner, completing pieces Ellington left unfinished, reworking others and acting as all-purpose composer-sometimes credited, more often not.Ellington provided Strayhorn with financial security, artistic respect and the creative medium of the Ellington band. Throughout their partnership-which lasteduntil Strayhorn’s death in 1967—they never had a contract. Ellington simply paid all Strayhorn’s bills, never stipulated how much he should compose, and treated him as creative equal and friends, describing him as” my favorite human being”, Strayhorn, a homosexual bon vivant, brilliant but self-effacing, let Ellington take both the glory and the strain of stardom, while he relieved some of the artistic pressure with a talent comparable to the leader’s own.Though occasionally there was discord over the matter of official composer credit in their joint works, Ellington always publicly acknowledged his colleague’s contributions, and the many Strayhon originals in Ellington’s book speak for themselves, including the band’s famous theme and greatest hit,” Take the Train”. Thought the young man was adept at imitating the ducal style, his own unique voice, full of subtle impressionist colors, influenced a generation of later jazz composers.1.According to the article, jazzmen________.pete fiercely with each otherB.Are not sociable when they are with their fellow playersC.Refuse to exchange ideas about music with their fellow playersD.Collaborate a lot with their fellow players to improve the level of their art2.Which of the following statements is TRUE about Duke Ellington?A.He refused to collaborate with but a few talented musicians.B.He had little natural talent but rather used other’s genius for his ownpurposes.C.He entered into a collaborative relationship with Billy Strayhorn that suitedboth men.D.He often utilized material from lesser known musicians withoutacknowledgement.3.Of the Strayton\Ellington relationship, the author believes________.A.Both men were ultimately dissatisfied with their working arrangement.B.Strayhorn was respected and well compensated for his contributions to thebandC.Strayhorn provided the bulk of the creative talent while Ellington receivedpublic recognition for their effortD.While their professional relationship was productive, their personalities oftenclashed, putting a strain on their relationship4.The author feels jazz musicians________.A.Strive for commercial success over musical accomplishmentB.Differ from rock musicians in their ability to raise the level of their musicC.Are traditionally soloists who gain little from cooperative collaborationD.Gain much through mutual collaboration, although often individualists5.It is indicated that Billy Strayhon________.A.Wrote many famous songs and often attributed to Duke EllingtonB.Ended his work with Duke Ellington amid tension and frustrationC.Struggled financially as he never received proper credit for his workD.Was basically known for integrating different jazz themes into a largercompilation6.The title for this passage would be________.A．jazzmen Strayhorn and Ellington Walk AloneB．A Classic Collaborative Effort during Jazz’s Finest HourC．S trayhorn and Ellington: an Unequal and Frustration CollaborationD．Jazz is Never Played in Group: Ellington and Strayhorn Tell the World7.What is the possible meaning of the underlined word” hit” in the last paragraph?A. A successful playB.Striking vigorouslyC. A song that was welcomed by the publicD. A headline printed prominently to draw the public attention2A water is a giver and, at the same time, the taker of life. It covers most of the surface of the planet we live on and features large in the development of thehuman race. On present predictions, it is an element that is set to assume even greater significance.Throughout history, water has had a huge impact on our lives. Humankind has always had a rather ambiguous relationship with water, on the one hand receiving enormous benefit from it, not just as a drinking source, but as a provider of food and a means whereby to travel and to trade. But forced to live close to water in order to survive and to develop, the relationship has not always been peaceful or beneficial. In fact, it has been quite the contrary. What has essentially been a necessity for survival has turned out in many instances to have a very destructive andlife-threatening sideThrough the ages, great floods alternated with long periods of drought have assaulted people and their environment, hampering their fragile fight for survival. The dramatic changes to the environment that are now a feature of our daily news are not exactly new: fields that were once lush and fertile are now barren; lakes and rivers that were once teeming with life are now long gone; savannah has been turned to desert. What perhaps is new is our native wonder when faced with the forces of nature.Today, we are more aware of climatic changes around the world. Floods infar-flung places are instant hews for the whole world. Perhaps these events make us feel better as we face the destruction of our own property by floods and other natural disasters.In 2002, many parts of Europe suffered severe flood damage running into billions of euros. Properties across the continent collapsed into the sea as waves pounded the coastline wreaking havoc with sea defences. But it was not just the seas. Rivers swollen by heavy rains and by the effects of deforestation carried large volumes of water that wrecked many communities.Building stronger and more sophisticated river defences against flooding is the expensive short-term answer. There are simpler ways. Planting trees in highland areas, not just in Ganges Delta, is a cheaper and more attractive solution. Progress isalready being made in convincing countries that the emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases is causing considerable damage to the environment. But more effort is needed in this direction.And the future? If we are to believe the forecasts, it is predicted that two thirds of the world population will be without fresh water by 2025. But for a growing number of regions of the world the future is already with us. While some areas are devastated by flooding, scarcity of water in many other places is causing conflict. The state of Texas in the United States of America is suffering a shortage of water with the Rio Grande failing to reach the Gulf of Mexico for the first time in 50 years in the spring of 2002, pitting region against region as they vie for water sources. With many parts of the globe running dry through drought and increased water consumption, there is now talk of water being the new oil.Other doom-laden estimates suggest that, while tropical areas will become drier and uninhabitable, coastal regions and some low-lying islands will in all probability be submerged by the sea as the polar ice caps melt. Popular exotic destinations now visited by countless tourists will become no-go areas. Today’s holiday hotspots of southern Europe and elsewhere will literally become hotspots-too hot to live in or visit. With the current erratic behaviour of the weather, it is difficult not to subscribe to such despair.Some might say that this despondency is ill-founded, but we had ample proof that there is something not quite right with the climate. Many parts of the world have experienced devastating flooding. As the seasons revolve, the focus of the destruction moves from one continent to another. The impact on the environment is alarming and the cost to life depressing. It is a picture to which we will need to become accustomed.8.The writer believes that water________.A.Is gradually becoming of greater importance.B.Will have little impact on our lives in future.C.Is something we will need more than anything else.D.Will have even greater importance in our lives in the future.9.Humankind’s relationship with water has been________.A.Two-sidedB.One-sidedC.Purely one of great benefitD.Fairly frightening10.The writer suggest that________.A.We are in awe of the news we read and see on TV every dayB.Change to the environment leaves us speechlessC.We should not be in awe of the news we read and see on TV every dayD.Our surprise at the environmental change brought about by nature issomething new11.According to the text, planting trees________.A.Has to be coordinated internationallyB.Is more expensive than building sea and river defensesC.Is a less expensive answer to flooding than building river defensesD.Is not an answer to the problem of flooding in all regions12.By 2025, it is projected that________.A.At least half the world population will have fresh waterB.One-third of the world population will have fresh waterC.The majority of the world population will have fresh waterD.Fresh water will only be available to half of the world population13.According to the text, in the future low-lying islands________.A.Will still be habitableB.Will not be under waterC.Are likely to be under waterD.Will probably not be under water14.According to the writer________.A.People do not need to get used to environmental damageB.People will need to get used to climate changes that cause environmentaldamageC.People are now more used to environmental damage than they have been inthe pastD.The general despondency about environmental changes is ill-founded3The legend of Paul Revere’s midnight ride through the Massachusetts countryside in 1775 is known to most Americans, young and old. As the story goes, Paul Revere was a silversmith in Boston at the time of the American Revolution. When he learned that the British army planned to attack the towns and villages of Middlesex Country, farmhouse and village hall, to warn the local revolutionary soldiers of the planned attack. Because of his warning(according to legend)the struggling American colonies were able to defeat the British in an important battle.One reason for the popularity of the legend may be the publicity it has received through Henry Wadsworth Longfellwo’s commemorative poem, Paul Revere’s Ride. Longfellwo wrote the poem in 1861 and it has since then become one of the most well-known and well-loved poems in the country. The poem certainly captures the sense of danger and excitement , met with courage and ingenuity which many Americans associate with the American Revolution. It is easy to understand why the poem evokes such a large audience.However, Longfellow’s poem contains a number of historical errors. According to Longfellow’s poem, Paul Revere instructed a friend to watch the movement of the British troops and determine whether they marched inland or towards their boats. The friend was then to hang lanterns in the tower of the Old Church in Boston: one lantern if the British marched by land and two lanterns if they marched by sea. The expression” one if by land and two if by sea,” taken from Longfellow’s poem, has become very popular and is often quoted. But this idea contains two inaccuracies. First, the lanterns were hung in the tower of the Old Christ Church, not the Old NorthChurch, which is in a completely different part of Boston and would not have been visible from Paul Revere’s lookout point. Second, Longfellow confused the meaning of the number of lanterns to be hung: the actual arrangement was” two if by land and one if by sea.”Not all of Longfellow’s historical mistakes are so minor. It seems as though Longfellow chose to emphasize the idea of one hero struggling against many opposing forces, with only his own abilities to rely on. But actually, Paul Revere was only one of three riders delegated to warn the Revolutionary soldiers about the coming attack.Some people feel that Longfellow’s errors are insignificant, and that the ideals of courage and cunning are the important features of both the poem and the historical events which inspired it. But others feel that, while it probably makes little difference how many lanterns were hung from which church tower, the poem’s emphasis on the solitary hero runs counter to the most valuable idea in the poem: the idea of unity and cooperation in the face of danger. Critics of the poem raise an important question: Longfellow’s poem tells a famous story, and tells it powerfully—but is it the right story?15.According to the article, which of the following statements about Paul Revere isTURE?A.Paul Revere was a silversmith in BostonB.Paul Revere rode on horseback all alone in MassachusettsC.Paul Revere was instructed to watch closely the movements of the BritishtroopsD.Paul Revere was instructed to watch closely the movements of the Britishpeople16.Paul Revere RODE THROUGH Middlesex County because he wanted to warn thelocal townspeople that________.A.The British were going to steal their silverB.The British army was going to attack themC.The British were going to plunder the townD.They should escape from the British soldiers by sea instead of running awayover land17.According to the article, what is one of the factors that contribute to thepopularity of the story of Paul Revere?A.Longfellow’s poem” Paul Revere’s Ride”B.Paul Revere’s courage and braveryC.The important event of the American RevolutionD.An important question raised by critics of the poem18.According to the article, what the opponents of Longfellow’s poem reallymean________.A.Are all minorB.Make his poem unpopularC.May confuse people about the important ideas behind the historical eventson which the poem is basedD.Show that Longfellow did not care how many or from which church towerlanterns were hung19.The lantern hung from the tower of Old North Church________.A.Was visible from Paul Revere’s lookout pointB.Indicated that the British were going to attack by landC.Is one of many inaccuracies in Longfellow’s poemD.Indicated that the British were going to attack by sea20.The author thinks that Longfellow’s poem________.A.Has helped to publicize the story of Paul RevereB.Contains both major and minor historical inaccuraciesC.May emphasize the wrong features of the storyD.All of the above21.The author’s attitude toward Longfellow’ poem is________.rgely satiricalB.Partially criticalC.Fairly appreciativeD.Very ironical4In a perfectly free and open market economy, the type of employer—government or private—should have little or no impact on the earnings differentials between women and men. However, if there is discrimination against one sex, it is unlikely that the degree of discrimination by government and private employers will be the same. Differences in the degree of discrimination would result in earning differentials associated with the type of employer. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would result in earnings differentials associated with the type of employer. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employer would be greater. Thus, one would expect that, if women are being discriminated against, government employment would have a positive effect on women’s earnings as compared with their earnings from private employment. The results of a study by Fuchs support this assumption. Fuch’s result suggest that the earnings of women in an industry composed entirely of government employers would be 14.6 percent employers, other things being equal.In addition, both Fuchs and Sanborn have suggested that the effect of discrimination by consumers on the earnings of self-employed women may be greater than the effect of either government or private employer discrimination on the earnings of women employees. To test this hypothesis, Brown selected a large sample of White male and female workers from the 1970 Census and divided them into three categories: private employees, government employers, and self-employed. (Black workers were excluded from the sample to avoid picking up earning differentials that were the result of racial disparities.) Brown’s research design controlled for education, labor force participation, mobility, motivations, and age inorder to eliminate these factors as explanations of the study’s results. Brown’s results suggest that men and women are not treated the same by employers and consumers. For men, self—employment is the highest earnings category, with private employment next, and government lowest: For women, this order is reversed.One can infer from Brown’s results that consumer discriminate againstself-employed women. In addition, self-employed women may have more difficulty than men in getting good employees and may encounter discrimination from suppliers and from financial institutions.Brown’s results are clearly consistent with Fuchs’ argument that discrimination by consumers has a greater impact on the earnings of women than does discrimination by either government or private employers. Also, the fact that women do better working for government than for private employers implies that private employers are discriminating against women. The results do not prove that government does not discriminate against women. They do, however, demonstrate that if government is discriminating against women, its discrimination is not having as much effect on women’s earnings as is discrimination in the private sector.22.The passage mentions all of the following as difficulties that self-employedwomen may encounter expect________.A.Discrimination from suppliersB.Discrimination from consumersC.Problems in obtaining good employeesD.Problems in obtaining government assistance23.A study of the practices of financial institutions that revealed no discriminationagainst self-employed women would tend to contradict which of the following?A.Some explicit results of Brown’s study.B.Fuchs’ hypothesisC. A suggestion made by the authorD.Sanborn’s hypothesis24.According to Brown’s study, women’s earnings categories occur in which of thefollowing orders, from highest earnings to lowest earnings?ernment employment, private employment, self-employmentB.Self-employment, private employment, government employmentC.Private employment, self-employment, government employmentD.Private employment, government employment, self-employment25.Which of the following questions does the passage explicitly answer?A.Why do self-employed women have more difficulty than men in hiring highquality employees?B.Why do private employers discriminate more against women than dogovernment employees?C.Why were Black workers excluded from the sample used in Brown’s study?D.Why do suppliers discriminate against self-employed women?26.It can be inferred from the passage that the statements in the last paragraph aremost probably________.A.Brown’s elaboration of his research resultsB.The author’s conclusions, based on Fuchs’ and Brown’s resultsC.Brown’s tentative inference from his dataD.The author’s criticisms of Fuchs’ argument, based on Brown’s results27.Which of the following titles best describe the content of the passage as a whole?A.The necessity for Earnings Differentials in a Free Market Economy.B.How Discrimination Affects Women’s Choice of Type of Employment?C.The Relative Effect of Private Employer Discrimination on Men’s Earning asCompared to Women’s Earning.D.The Relative Effect of Discrimination by Government Employers, PrivateEmployers, and Consumers on Women’s Earnings.5Famed for their high-elevation forests, the Appalachian Mountains sweep south from Quebec to Alabama. Highest in New English and North Carolina, this broadsystem covers more than 1200 miles to form the rocky backbone of the eastern United States.The Blue Ridge Mountains form a substantial part, 615 miles, of the far-reaching Appalachians. They begin as a narrow, low ridge in Pennsylvania, then slowly spread and rise until they reach the height of 5938 feet at majestic Grandfather Mountain in North Carolina. The Blue Ridge technically includes among its major spurs the Great Smoky Mountains and the Black Mountains; Mount Mitchell, in the latter range I is at 6684 feet the highest peak east of the Mississippi River. Like the rest of the Appalachians, these mountains were once substantially higher and bolder. Their uplift was completed some 289 million years ago, and they have been drastically eroded ever since. At one time, immense continental glaciers covered the land as far south as Pennsylvania. Although they did not spread over the Blue Ridge, plants and animals far beyond their reach became adapted to the cold. When the climate warmed and the ice melted, the cold-adapted species retreated northward, surviving in the south only at higher, cooler elevations.Red Spruces and Fraser firs are remnants of the Ice Age, thriving in the higher elevations of the Blue Ridge; and local belches, birches, and red oaks are typical of forests father to the north. Sharing the high peaks is another distinctive plant community. This is the “bald”—a treeless area covered with grass, or more commonly, with broad-leaved shrubs. Often large and vigorous, the latter include huckleberries, mountain laurel, and most especially, rhododendron, an evergreen shrub that blossoms in June and creates some of the most spectacular wild gardens on Earth.28.The southernmost point of the Appalachian Mountains is in________.A.QuebecB. New EnglishC. AlabamaD. North Carolina29.The expression” the latter range” in paragraph two refers to________.A.AppalachiansB.The Black MountainsC.The Great Smoky MountainsD.Grandfather Mountain30.According to the passage, the melting of glaciers caused some plant speciesto________.A.Adapt to the heatB.Die outC.Grow bigger and strongerD.Move northward31.The author mentions all the following as plants that can be found in a “bald”EXPECT________.A.mountain laurelB.huckleberriesC.red oaksD.rhododendron32.where in the passage does the author mention what has happened to thedevelopment of the mountains since they reached their highest point?A.The second sentence of Paragraph One.B.The latter half of the second paragraph.C.The first two sentences of Paragraph Two.D.The whole Paragraph Two.33.According to the passage, a 615-mile expanse of the Appalachians is knownas________.A.The blue Ridge MountainsB.Grandfather MountainC.The Black MountainsD.The Great Smoky Mountains6Throughout the nineteenth century and into the twentieth, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in smalltowns and believed cities to be centers of corruption, crime, poverty, and moral degradation. Their distrust was caused, in part, by a national ideology they proclaimed farming the greatest occupation and rural living superior to urban living. This attitude prevailed even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential feature of the national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands abandoned the precarious life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people migrated from the countryside, they carried their fears and suspicious with them. These new urbanities, already convinced that cities were overwhelmed with great problems, eagerly embrace the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the chaos of the city.One of many reforms came in the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were usually operated by municipal governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would charge exorbitant rates for these essential services and deliver them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by regulating the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves. Proponents of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would insure widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a fair price.While some reforms focused on government and public behavior, others looked at the cities as a whole. Civic leaders, convinced that physical environment influenced human behavior, argued that cities should develop master plans to guide their future growth and development. City planning was nothing new, but the rapid industrialization and urban growth of the late nineteenth century took place without any consideration for order. Urban renewal in the twentieth century followed several courses. Some cites introduced plans to completely rebuild the city core. Most other cities contented themselves with zoning plans for regulating future growth. Certain parts of town were restricted to residential use, while others were set aside forindustrial or commercial development.34.What does the passage mainly discuss?A. A comparison of urban and rural life in the early twentieth century.B.The role of government in twentieth century urban renewal.C.Efforts to improve urban life in the early twentieth century.D.Methods of controlling urban growth in the twentieth century.35.The first paragraph suggests that most people who lived in rural areas________.A.Were suspicious of their neighborsB.Were very proud of their lifestyleC.Believed city government had too much powerD.Wanted to move to the cities36.In the early twentieth century, many rural dwellers migrated to the city in orderto________.A.Participate in the urban reform movementB.Seek financial securityply with a government ordinaceD.Avoid crime and corruption37.What concern did reformers have about privately owned utility companies?A.They feared the services would not be made available to all city dwellersB.They believed private ownership would slow economic growthC.They did not trust the companies to obey the government regulationsD.They wanted to ensure that the services would be provided to rural areas38.All of the following were the direct result of public utility reformsEXCEPT________.A.Local governments determined the rates charged by private utility companiesB.Some utility companies were owned and operated by local governmentsC.The availability of services was regulated by local governmentD.Private utility companies were required to pay a fee to local government39.Why does the author mention “industrialization” in Paragraph3?。

[考研类试卷]2013年首都师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷英译汉1 most-favored nation treatment2 manned space program3 export-oriented economy4 renewable energy sources5 cultural devolution汉译英6 贫富不均7 公益事业8 销售旺季9 拜金主义10 与时俱进11 应试教育12 互利互惠13 民族复兴14 实干兴邦15 民意调查英译汉16 Will the sun rise where it sets and set where it rises? Can I relive the errors of yesterday and right them? Can I call back yesterday's wounds and make themwhole? ...Can I take back the evil that was spoken, the blows that were struck, the pain that was caused? No. Yesterday is buried forever.17 I have but one life and life is naught but a measurement of time. If I waste today I destroy the last page of my life. Therefore, each hour of this day will I cherish for it can never return. It cannot be banked today to be withdrawn on the morrow,for who can trap the wind? Each minute of this day will I grasp with both hands and fondle with love for its value is beyond price. What dying man can purchase another breath though he willingly give all his gold? What price dare I place on the hours ahead? I will make them priceless!(fondle: to handle or touch lovingly, affectionately, or tenderly)汉译英18 建设生态文明，是关系人民福祉、关乎民族未来的长远大计。

2013 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)英语第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分）第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你将有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例：What is the man going to rend?A. A newspaperB. A magazineC. A book答案是A1. What room does the man want?A. SimpleB. DoubleC. Twin2. What will the man buy?A. VegetableB. MeatC. Bread3. What does the man plan to do?A. Go fishingB. Go joggingC. Go camping4. How much is the change?A. $8B. $ 42C. $505. What’s the weathe r like this afternoon?第二节（共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15 分）听下面 4 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

听第 6 段材料，回答第6 至7 题。

6. When will the woman go to see the movie?A. Friday.B. SaturdayC. Sunday7. Where will the woman sit for the movie?A. In the front.B.In the middleC. At the back听第7 段材料，回答第8 至9 题。

【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。

目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师.北京师范大学英美文学考研试题（721）基础英语一.完形填空（20分）一篇短文，挖出20个空，讲learning second language对人大脑的好处，没有选项，没有首字母提示，全凭上下文分析，应该能填出来，只是不确定是否为最佳答案，难度不是很大。

二.阅读一（18分）heading搭配，多给了两个备选项，讲的是一个小型电影节三.阅读二（18分）段落排序，原文少了六个段落，给了七个选项，选进去，讲的是一些科学结论及research可信性，大家要学会辨别四.阅读三（24分）两道主观大题，一道12分，文章讲thinking分三个level，第一题阐释三个level是什么，并自己举例，第二大题elaborate作者最后一句话五.翻译（30分）一段比较formal的文章，从中截取了五六个长句子，讲的是在学校实行的种族隔离对儿童的影响，号召取消这样的隔离六.作文（40分）encouraging young people that they canaccomplish great things if they try hard enough is misleading and potentially harmful谈谈你的看法（941）英语语言文学一.单选（10分）唯一的五道选择题，范围比较宽，比如说以下作品共有的特点（lyrical啊，还是ballad之类的），或是以下五位作者属于哪个时代，还出了一个Emerson的self-reliance的小选段，分析作者这样说的意义等等（以前没看过也没关系，和阅读题一样直接分析就行）总之这五道应该是把基础知识看了就差不多。

2013 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分）第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你将有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

01. What room does the man want?A. SimpleB. DoubleC. Twin02. What will the man buy?A. VegetableB. MeatC. Bread03. What does the man plan to do?A. Go fishingB. Go joggingC. Go camping04. How much is the change?A. $8B. $ 42C. $5005. What’s the weather like this afternoon?第二节（共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15 分）听下面 4 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

听第6 段材料，回答第 6 至7 题。

06. When will the woman go to see the movie?A. Friday.B. SaturdayC. Sunday07. Where will the woman sit for the movie?A. In the front.B. In the middleC. At the back听第7 段材料，回答第8 至9 题。

08. When will the two speakers meet?A. On the 13thB. On the 14thC. On the 15th09. What is the man doing?A. Persuading the woman to accept his suggestion.B. Making an apology to the woman.C. Inviting the woman to lunch.听第8 段材料，回答第10 至12 题。

2013 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节单项填空（共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，共 15 分）21。

Volunteering gives you a chance_________ lives, including your own。

A。

change B。

changing C. changed D. to change22. Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs _________ you could have problemsA. or B。

and C. but D。

so23. Shakespeare's play Hamlet _________ into at least ten different films over the past years。

A。

had been made B。

was made C. has been made D. would be made24. _________ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level。

A. Find B。

Finding C。

To find D。

Found25。

-—- Do you think Mom and Dad _________ late? --— No, Swiss Air is usually on time.A. were B。

will be C。

would be D。

have been26. I have an appointment _________ Dr。

Smith， but I need to change it.A. to B。

off C。

with D。

from27。

2013高考英语北京卷试题及其答案解析D64. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired.B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.C. Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids.D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.65. What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?A. Availability of modern media.B. Inadequate social recognition.C. Lack of favorable chances.D. Huge population of fans.66. What is the author’s attitude toward modern celebrity?A. Sincere.B. Skeptical.C. Disapproving.D. Sympathetic.DMultitaskingPeople who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests. The findings, based on performances and self-evaluation by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can’t focus on one activity. And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things,” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah.Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensation-seeking (寻求刺激) or imperative (冲动) they were. They then evaluated the participants’ multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once. But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test. They also were more likely to admit to sensation-seeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted. “People multitask not because it’s going to lead to greater productivity, but because they’re distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important.” Sanbonmatsu said.Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.The findings do suggest, however, why the sensation-seeker who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving. “People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in t he group. “This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they’re dangerous.”67. The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask ________.A. seek high productivity constantlyB. prefer handling different things when getting boredC. are more focused when doing many things at a timeD. have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time68. When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they________.A. assessed the multitasking ability of the studentsB. evaluated the academic achievements of the studentsC. analyzed the effects of the participants’ tricky mental tasksD. measured the changes of the students’ understanding ability69. According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their________.A. limited power in calculationB. interests in doing things differentlyC. inability to concentrate on one taskD. impulsive desire to try new things70. From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually________.A. drive very skillfullyB. go in for different tasksC. fail to react quickly to potential dangersD. refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。

2013年国际关系学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷(总分：56.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、匹配题(总题数：1，分数：40.00)1. Ode on Melancholy2. Love"s Labour"s Lost3. The Holy Grail and Other Poems4. The Beautiful and Damned5. Wessex Tales6. The Great God Brown7. Rob Roy8. The People of the Abyss9. Ash Wednesday10. The American ScholarII. The Book of Snobs12. Robinson Crusoe13. The Purloined Letter14. The House of the Seven Gables15. My Antonia16. The Lost Girl17. Amelia18. The Rise of Silas Lapham19. The Titan20. Poor Richard"s Almanack（分数：40.00）(1).Benjamin Franklin（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).Thomas Hardy（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).Ralph Waldo Emerson（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (4).John Keats（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (5).Nathaniel Hawthorne（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (6).D.H. Lawrence（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (7).Edgar Allan Poe（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (8).Alfred Tennyson（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (9).Eugene O"Neill（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (10).William Shakespeare（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (11).Jack London（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (12).Henry Fielding（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (13).William Dean Howells（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (14).Theodore Dreiser（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (15).T.S.Eliot（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (16).F. Scott Fitzgerald（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (17).Daniel Defoe（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (18).Sir Walter Scott（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (19).William Makepeace Thackeray（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________(20).Willa Cather（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________二、填空题(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.Symbolism is one of the most important characteristics of(1) 1"s work The Waste Land. The titles for the(2)2sections of the poem are themselves symbols. "The Burial of the (3) 3" obviously stands for the(4) 4of the western civilization.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________2.By far the largest portion of Emily Dickinson"s poetry concerns(5) 1and(6) 2.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________3.One of the great American(7) 1of the 1940s is Arthur(8) 2, who led the postwar new drama. He is best known as the author of "Death of a(9) 3". It is a sad version of the(10) 4dream.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________4.W. H. Auden"s last important long poem is "The Age of(11) 1" published in(12) 2. The age refers to the(13) 3time, especially the time during and shortly after the(14) 4World War.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________5.Charles Dickens, inspired by(15) 1 "s book French Revolution wished to write a novel on the historical event and the result was(16)" 2".（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________6.Fitzgerald was one of the great(17) 1 in American literature. T. S. Eliot read(18)" 2" three times and concluded that it was "the(19) 3that American fiction has taken since(20) 4".（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________三、评论题(总题数：2，分数：4.00)7.Please read the following poem and make comments in about 300 words.(50 points)The Man He Killed"Had he and I but met By some old ancient inn, We should have sat us down to wet Right many a nipperkin!"but ranged as infantry,And staring face to face,I shot at him as he at me,And killed him in his place."I shot him dead because—Because he was my foe,Just so: my foe of course he was;That"s clear enough; although"He thought he"d enlist, perhaps,Off-hand like—just as I—Was out of work—had sold his traps —No other reason why."Yes; quaint and curious war is!You shoot a fellow downYou"d treat if met where any bar is,Or help to half-a-crown. "1. half-pint of ale2. Possessions（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________8.Please read the following story and make comments in about 500 words.(70 points)Big Two-Hearted River PART I The train went on up the track out of sight, around one of the hills of burnt timber. Nick sat down on the bundle of canvas and bedding the baggage man had pitched out of the door of the baggage car. There was no town, nothing but the rails and the burned-over country. The thirteen saloons that had lined the one street of Seney had not left a trace. The foundations of the Mansion House hotel stuck up above the ground. The stone was chipped and split by the fire, it was all that was left of the town of Seney. Even the surface had been burned off the ground. Nick looked at the burned-over stretch of hillside, where he had expected to find the scattered houses of the town and then walked down the railroad track to the bridge over the river. The river was there. It swirled against the log spires of the bridge. Nick looked down into the clear, brown water, colored from the pebbly bottom, and watched the trout keeping themselves steady in the current with wavering fins. As he watched them they changed their positions again by quick angles, only to hold steady in the fast water again. Nick watched them a long time. He watched them holding themselves with their noses into the current, many trout in deep, fast moving water, slightly distorted as he watched far down through theglassy convex surface of the pool its surface pushing and swelling smooth against the resistance of the log-driven piles of the bridge. At the bottom of the pool were the big trout. Nick did not see them at first. Then he saw them at the bottom of the pool, big trout looking to hold themselves on the gravel bottom in a varying mist of gravel and sand, raised in spurts by the current. Nick looked down into the pool from the bridge. It was a hot day. A kingfisher flew up the stream. It was a long time since Nick had looked into a stream and seen trout. They were very satisfactory. As the shadow of the kingfisher moved up the stream, a big trout shot upstream in a long angle, only his shadow marking the angle, then lost his shadow as he came through the surface of the water, caught the sun, and then, as he went back into the stream under the surface, his shadow seemed to float down the stream with the current unresisting, to his post under the bridge where he tightened facing up into the current. Nick"s heart tightened as the trout moved. He felt all the old feeling. He turned and looked down the stream. It stretched away, pebbly-bottomed with shallows and big boulders and a deep pool as it curved away around the foot of a bluff.… From the time he had gotten down off the train and the baggage man had thrown his pack out of the open car door things had been different. Seney was burned, the country was burned over and changed, but it did not matter. It could not all be burned. He hiked along the road, sweating in the sun, climbing to cross the range of hills that separated the railway from the pine plains.… As he smoked his legs stretched out in front of him, he noticed a grasshopper walk along the ground and up onto his woolen sock. The grasshopper was black. As he had walked along the road, climbing, he had started grasshoppers from with dust. They were all black. They were not the big grasshoppers with yellow and black or red and black wings whirring out from their black wing sheathing as they fly up. These were just ordinary hoppers, but all a sooty black in color. Nick had wondered about them as he walked without really thinking about them. Now, as he watched the black hopper that was nibbling at the wool of his sock with its fourway lip he realized that they had all turned black from living in the burned-over land. He realized that the fire must have come the year before, but the grasshoppers were all black now. He wondered how long they would stay that way. Carefully he reached his hand down and took hold of the hopper by the wings. He turned him up, all his legs walking in the air, and looked at his jointed belly. Yes, it was black too, iridescent where the back and head were dusty. "Go on, hopper," Nick said, speaking out loud for the first time. "Fly away somewhere. He tossed the grasshopper up into the air and watched him sail away to a charcoal stump across the road.… The ground rose, wooded and sandy, to overlook the meadow, the stretch of river and the swamp. Nick dropped his pack and rod case and looked for a level piece of ground. He was very hungry and he wanted to make his camp before he cooked. Between two jack pines, the ground was quite level. He took the ax out of the pack and chopped out two projecting roots. That leveled a piece of ground large enough to sleep on. He smoothed out the sandy soil with his hand and pulled all the sweet fern bushes by their roots. His hands smelled good from the sweet fern. He smoothed the uprooted earth. He did not want anything making lumps under the blankets. When he had the ground smooth, he spread his blankets. One he folded double, next to the ground. The other two he spread on top. With the ax he slit off a bright slab of pine from one of the stumps and split it into pegs for the tent. He wanted them long and solid to hold in the ground. With the tern unpacked and spread on the ground, the pack, leaning against a jack pine, looked much smaller. Nick tied the rope that served the tent for a ridgepole to the trunk of one of the pine trees and pulled the tent up off the ground with the other end of the rope and tied it to the other pine. The tent hung on the rope like a canvas blanket on a clothesline. Nick poked a pole he had cut up under the back peak of the canvas and then made it a tent by pegging out the sides. He pegged the sides out taut and drove the pegs deep, hiring them down into the ground with the flat of the ax until the rope loops were buried and the canvas was drum tight. Across the open mouth of the tent Nick fixed cheesecloth to keep out mosquitoes. He trawled inside under the mosquito bar with various things from the pack to put at the head of the bed under the slant of the canvas. Inside the tent the light came through the brown canvas. It smelled pleasantly of canvas. Already there was something mysterious and homelike. Nick was happy as he crawled inside the tent. He had not been unhappy all day. This was different though. Now things were done. There had been this to do. Now it was done. It had been a hard trip. He was very tired. That was done. He had made his camp. He was settled. Nothing could touch him. It was a good place to camp. He was there, in the good place. He was in his home where he had made it. Now he was hungry. Nick was hungry. He did not believe he had ever been hungrier. He opened and emptied a can at pork and beans and a can of spaghetti into the flying pan. " I"ve got a right to eat this kind of stuff, if I"m willing to carry it, " Nick said. His voice sounded strange in the darkening woods. He did not speak again. Nick drove another big nail and hung up the bucket full of water. He dipped the coffee pot half full, put some more chips under the grill onto the fire and put the pot oil. He could not remember which way he made coffee. He could remember an argument about it with Hopkins, but not which side he had taken. He decided to brine it to a boil. He remembered now that was Hopkins"s way. He had once argued about everything with Hopkins. While he waited for the coffee toboil, he opened a small can of apricots. He liked to open cans. He emptied the can of apricots out into a tin cup. While he watched the coffee on the fire, he drank the juice syrup of the apricots, carefully at first to keep from spilling, then meditatively, sucking the apricots down. They were better than fresh apricots. The coffee boiled as he watched. The lid came up and coffee and grounds ran down the side of the pot. Nick took it off the grill. It was a triumph for Hopkins. He put sugar in the empty apricot cup and poured some of the coffee out to cool. It was too hot to pour and he used his hat to hold the handle of the coffee pot. He would not let it steep in the pot at all. Not the first cup. It should be straight. Hopkins deserved that. Hop was avers, serious coffee drinker. He was the most serious man Nick had ever known. Not heavy, serious. That was a long time ago Hopkins spoke without moving his lips. He had played polo. He made millions of dollars in Texas. He had borrowed carfare to go to Chicago when the wire came that his first big well had come in. He could have wired for money. That would have been too slow. They called Hop"s girl the Blonde Venus. Hop did not mind because she was not his real girl. Hopkins said very confidently that none of them would make fun of his real girl. He was right. Hopkins went away when the telegram came. That was on the Black River. It took eight days for the telegram to reach him. Hopkins gave away his 22-caliber Colt automatic pistol to Nick. He gave his camera to Bill. It was to remember him always by. They were all going fishing again next summer. The Hop Head was rich. He would get a yacht and they would all cruise along the north shore of Lake Superior. He was excited but serious. They said good-bye and all felt bad. It broke up the trip. They never saw Hopkins again. That was a long time ago on the Black River. Nick drank the coffee, the coffee according to Hopkins. The coffee was bitter. Nick laughed. It made a good ending to the story. His mind was starting to work. He knew he could choke it because he was tired enough. He spilled the coffee out of the pot and shook the grounds loose into the fire. He lit a cigarette and went inside the tent. He took off his shoes and trousers, sitting on the blankets, rolled the shoes up inside the trousers for a pillow and got in between the blankets. Out through the front of the tent he watched the glow of the fire when the night wind blew. It was a quiet night. The swamp was perfectly quiet. Nick stretched under the blanket comfortably. A mosquito hummed close to his ear. Nick sat up and lit a match. The mosquito was on the canvas, over his head Nick moved the match quickly up to it. The mosquito made a satisfactory hiss in the flame. The match went out. Nick lay down again under the blanket. He turned on his side and shut his eyes. He was sleepy. He felt sleep coming. He curled up under the blanket and went to sleep.PART II In the morning the sun was up and the tent was starting to get hot. Nick crawled out under the mosquito netting stretched across the mouth of the tent, to look at the morning. The grass was wet on his hands as he came out. The sun was just up over the hill. There was the meadow, the river and the swamp. There were birch trees in the green of the swamp on the other side of the river.The river was clear and smoothly fast in the early morning. Down about two hundred yards were three logs all the way across the stream. They made the water smooth and deep above them. As Nick watched, a mink crossed the river on the logs and went into the swamp. Nick was excited. He was excited by the early morning and the rivet; He was really too hurried to eat breakfast, but he knew he must. He built a little fire and put on the coffee pot. While the water was heating in the pot he took an empty bone and went down over the edge of the high ground to the meadow. The meadow was wet with dew and Nick wanted to catch grasshoppers for bait before the sun dried the grass. He found plenty of good grasshoppers. They were at the base of the grass, stems. Sometimes they clung to a grass stem. They were cold and wet with the dew, and could not jump until the sun warmed them. Nick picked them up, taking only the medium-sized brown ones, and put them into the bottle. He turned over a log and just under the shelter of the edge were several hundred hoppers. It was a grasshopper lodging house. Nick put about fifty of the medium browns into the bottle. While he was picking up the hoppers the others warmed in the sun and commenced to hop away. They flew when they hopped. At first they made one flight and stayed stiff when they landed, as though they were dead. Nick knew that by the time he was through with breakfast they would be as lively as ever. Without dew in the grass it would take him all day to catch a bottle full of good grasshoppers and he would have to crush many of them, slamming at them with his hat. He washed his hands at the stream. He was excited to be near it. Then he walked up to the tent. The hoppers were already jumping stiffly in the grass. In the bottle, warmed by the sun, they were jumping in a mass. Nick put in a pine stick as a cork. It plugged the mouth of the bottle enough, so the hoppers could not get out and left plenty of air passage.… Holding the rod in his right hand he let out line against the pull of the grasshopper in the current. He stripped off line from the reel with his left hand and let it run free. He could see the hopper in the little waves of the current. It went out of sight. There was a tug on the line. Nick pulled against the taut line. It was his first strike. Holding the now living rod across the current, he hauled in the line with his left hand. The rod bent in jerks, the trout pulling against the current. Nick knew it was a small one. He lifted the rod straight up in the air. It bowed with the pull. He saw the trout in the water jerking with his head and body against the shifting tangent of the line in the stream. Nick took the line in his left hand and pulled the trout, thumping tiredly against the current, tothe surface. His back was mottled the clear, water-over-gravel color, his side flashing in the sun. The rod under his right arm, Nick stooped, dipping his right hand into the current. He held the trout, never still, with his moist right hand, while he unhooked the barb from his mouth, then dropped him back into the stream. He hung unsteadily in the current, then settled to the bottom beside a stone. Nick reached down his hand to touch him, his arm to the elbow under water. The trout was steady in the moving stream resting on the gravel, beside a stone. As Nick"s fingers touched him, touched his smooth, cool, underwater feeling, he was gone, gone in a shadow across the bottom of the stream. He"s all right, Nick thought. He was only tired.… Now the water deepened up his thighs sharply and coldly. Ahead was the smooth dammed-back flood of water above the logs. The water was smooth and dark; on the left, the lower edge of the meadow; on the right the swamp. Nick leaned back against the current and took a hopper from the bottle. He threaded the hopper on the hook and spat on him for good luck. Then he pulled several yards of line from the reel and tossed the hopper out ahead onto the fast, dark water. It floated down towards the logs, then the weight of the line pulled the bait under the surface. Nick held the rod in his right hand, letting the line run out through his fingers. There was a long tug. Nick struck and the rod came alive and dangerous, bent double, the line tightening, coming out of water, tightening, all in a heavy, dangerous, steady pull. Nick felt the moment when the leader would break if the strain increased deep and the swamp looked solid with cedar trees, their trunks close together, their branches solid. It would not be possible to walk through a swamp like that. The branches grew so low. You would have to keep almost level with the ground to move at all. You could not crash through the branches. That must be why the animals that lived in swamps were built the way they were, Nick thought. He wished he had brought something to read. He felt like reading. He did not feel like going on into the swamp. He looked down the river. A big cedar slanted all the way across the stream. Beyond that the river went into the swamp. Nick did not want to go in there now. He felt a reaction against deep wading with the water deepening up under his armpits, to hook big trout in places impossible to land them. In the swamp the banks were bare, the big cedars came together overhead, the sun did not come through, except in patches; in the fast deep water, in the half-light, the fishing would be tragic. In the swamp fishing was a tragic adventure. Nick did not want it. He didn"t want to go up the stream any further today. He took out his knife, opened it and stuck it in the log. Then he pulled up the sack, reached into it and brought out one of the trout. Holding him near the tail, hard to hold, alive, in his hand, he whacked him against the log. The trout quivered, rigid. Nick laid him on the log in the shade and broke the neck of the other fish the same way. He laid them side-by-side on the log. They were fine trout. Nick cleaned them, slitting them from the vent to the tip of the jaw. All the insides and the gills and tongue came out in one piece. They were both males; long gray-white strips of milt, smooth and clean. All the insides clean and compact, and let the line go.… The leader had broken where the hook was tied to it. Nick took it in his hand. He thought of the trout somewhere on the bottom, holding himself steady over the gravel, far down below the light, under the logs, with the hook in his jaw. Nick knew the trout"s teeth would cut through the snell of the hook. The hook would imbed itself in his jaw. He"d bet the trout was angry. Anything that size would be angry. That was a trout. He had been solidly hooked. Solid as a rock. He felt like a rock, too, before he started off. By God, he was a big one. By God, he was the biggest one I ever heard of. Nick climbed out onto the meadow and stood, water running down his trousers and out of his shoes, his shoes squelchy. He went over and sat on the logs. He did not want to rush his sensations any. He sat on the logs, smoking, drying in the sun, the sun warm on his back, the river shallow ahead entering the woods, curving into the woods, shallows, light glittering, big water-smooth rocks, cedars along the bank and white birches, the logs warm in the sun, smooth to sit on, without bark, gray to the touch; slowly the feeling of disappointment left him. It went away slowly, the feeling of disappointment that came sharply after the thrill that made his shoulders itch. It was all right now. His rod lying out on the logs, Nick tied a new hook on the leader, pulling the gut tight until it crimped into itself in a hard knot.… Ahead the river narrowed and went into a swamp. The river became smooth and coming out all together. Nick took the offal ashore for the minks to find. He washed the trout in the stream. When he held them back up in the water, they looked like live fish. Their color was not gone yet. He washed his hands and dried them on the log. Then he laid the trout on the sack spread out on the log, rolled them up in it, tied the bundle and put it in the landing net. His knife was still standing, blade stuck in the log. He cleaned it on the wood and put it in his pocket. Nick stood up on the log, holding his rod, the landing net hanging heavy, then stepped into the water and splashed ashore. He climbed the bank and cut up into the woods, to ward the high ground. He was going back to camp. He looked back. The river just showed through the trees. There were plenty of days coming when he could fish the swamp.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。

英语专业英美文学试卷及答案期末英美文学试卷 AI. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). (10 x 1’=10’)1. ( ) Chaucer is the first English short-story teller and the founder of Englishpoetry as well as the founder of English realism. His masterpiece TheCanterbury tales contains 26 stories.2. ( ) English Renaissance is an age of essay and drama.3. ( ) The rise of the modern novel is closely related to the rise of the middleclass and an urban life.4. ( ) The French Revolution and the American War of Independence were two biginfluences that brought about the English Romantic Movement.5. ( ) Charlotte’s novels are all about lonely and neglected young women witha fierce longing for life and love. Her novels are more or less based on herown experience and feelings and the life as she sees around.6. ( ) The leading figures of the naturalism at the turn of 19th century are ThomasHardy, John Galsworthy and Bernard Shaw.7. ( ) Emily Dic kinson is remembered as the “All American Writer”.8. ( )The Civil War divides the American literature into romantic literature andrealist literature.9. ( ) Mark Twain is the first American writer to discover an American languageand American consciousness.10. ( ) In the decade of the 1910s, American literature achieved a new diversityand reached its greatest heights.II. Fill in the blanks. (20 x 1’=20’)11. The most enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was ___________.12. The War of Independence lasted eight years till__________.13. Ralph Waldo Emerson's essay__________ has been regarded as "America's Declaration of Intellectual Independence".?? It called on American writers to write about America in a way peculiarly American.14. The American ___________ writers paid a great interest in the realities of life and described the integrity of human c haracter reacting under various circumstances and pictured the pioneers of the Far West, the new immigrants and the struggles ofthe working class. The leading figures were ____________, ____________, ____________, ____________, etc.15. No period in American history is more eventful than that between the two worldwars. The literary features of the time can be seen in the writings of those ________ writers as Ezra Pound, and the writers of the Lost Generation as ___________.16. Two features of English Renaissance are the curiosity for ___________ and theinterest in the activities of _____________________.17. Sha kespeare’s earliest great success in tragedy is ____________, a play of youth and love, with the famous balcony scene.18. There are three types of poets in 17th century English literature. They are Puritan poets, ___________ poets and ______________ poets.19. Pope’s An Essay on Criticism is a didactic poem w ritten in ___________________.20. ___________ has been regarded by some as “Father of the English Novel” for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.21. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is an epigrammatic line by _______________.22. Lawrence’s most controversial novel is ___________, the best probably_________.III. Multiple choice. (20 x 1’=20’)23. Among the three major works by John Milton ________ is indeed the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A. Paradise RegainedB. Samson AgonistesC. LycidasD. Paradise Lost24. Francis Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and __________.A. complicityB. complexityC. powerfulnessD. mildness25. As one of the greatest masters of English prose, _______ defined a good styleas “proper words in proper places”.A. Henry FieldingB. Jonathan SwiftC. Samuel JohnsonD. Alexander Pope26. The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan is often said to be concerned with thesearch for _________.A. material wealthB. spiritual salvationC. universal truthD. self-fulfillment27. “It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of agood fortune must be in want of a wife.” The quoted part is taken from _________.A. Jane EyreB. Wuthering HeightsC. Pride and PrejudiceD. Sense and Sensibility28. Which of the following poems is a landmark in English poetry?A. Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB. “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” by William WordsworthC. “Remorse” by Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman29. The most distinguishing feature of Charles Dickens’works is his _________.A. simple vocabularyB. bitter and sharp criticismC. character-portrayalD. pictures of happiness30. “My Last Duchess”is a poem t hat best exemplifies Robert Browning’s ________.A. sensitive ear for the sounds of the English languageB. excellent choice of wordsC. mastering of the metrical devicesD. use of the dramatic monologue31. ________ is the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist, with ______as his encyclopedia-like masterpiece.A James Joyce, UlyssesB. . Foster, A Passage to IndiaC. D. H. Lawrence, Sons and loversD. Virginia Woolf, Mrs. Dalloway32. Which of the following comments on Charles Dickens is wrong?A. Dickens is one of the greatest critical realist writers of the Modern PeriodB. His serious intention is to expose and criticize all the poverty, injustice,hypocrisy and corruptness he sees all around him.C. The later works show the development of Dickens towards a highly conscious artistof the modern type.D. A Tale of Two Cities is one of his late works.33. _____w as known as “the poets’ poet”．A. William ShakespeareB. Edmund SpenserC. John DonneD. John Milton34. Which of the following poet belongs to the active Romantic poet?A. KeatsB. SoutheyC. WordsworthD. Coleridge35. ______ is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A. BeowulfB. The Canterbury TalesC. Don JuanD. Paradise Lost36. ___________ is the first modern American novel.A. Tom SawyerB. Huckleberry FinnC. The Sketch BookD. The Leatherstocking Tales37. Which of the following statements is NOT true of American Transcendentalism?A. It can be clearly defined as a part of American Romantic literary movement.B. It can be defined philosophically as “the recognition in man of the capacityof knowing truth intuitively”.C. Ralph Waldo Emerson was the chief advocate of this spiritual movement.D. It sprang from South America in the late l9th century.38. The theme of Washington Irving’s Rip Van Winkle is _________.A. the conflict of human psycheB. the fight against racial discriminationC. the familial conflictD. the nostalgia for the unrecoverable past39. The Nobel Prize Committee highly praised ________ for “his powerful style-forming mastery of the art” of creating modern diction.A. Ezra PoundB. Ernest HemingwayC. Robert FrostD. Theodore Dreiser40. Who exerts the single most important influence on literary naturalism?A. EmersonB. Jack LondonC. Theodore DreiserD. Darwin41. ________ is NOT true in describing American naturalists.A. they were deeply influenced by DarwinismB. they were identified with French novelist and theorist Emile ZolaC. they chose their subjects for the lower ranks or societyD. they used more serious and more sympathetic tone in writing than realists42. Henry James’ｓfame generally rests upon his novels and stories with ________.A. international themeB. national themeC. European themeD. regional themeIV. Explain the following literary items.(4x 5’=20’)43.Spenserian Stanza/doc/4614326257.html,ke Poets45.Humanism46.BalladV. Questions. (3x 10’=30’)47. “Robinson Crusoe”is usually considered as Daniel Defoe’s masterpiece. Discuss why it became so successful when it was published?48. What is "Byronic hero"?49. Mark Twain and Henry James are two representatives of the realistic writers inAmerican literat ure. How is Twain ’s realism different form James ’s realism? 参考答案：I. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).(本题共10空，每空1分，共10分) 1-5: FFTTT 6-10: FFTTFII. Fill in the blanks.(本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分) 11.(American) Puritanism 12.1783 13.The American Scholar 14.realistic; Mark Twain; Henry James; Jack London; Theodore Dreiser. 15.Imagist; Hemingway. 16.the classical literature; humanity. 17.Romeo and Juliet 18.Cavalier; Metaphysical 19.heroic couplet 20.Henry Fielding 21.John Keats /doc/4614326257.html,dy Chatterley ’ｓ lover ; The RainbowIII. Multiple choice.（本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分) IV. Explain the following literary items. （本题4小题,每小题5分,共20分）43. Spenserian Stanza: it refers to a verse form created by Edmund Spenser for his poems. Each stanza has nine lines. Each of the first eight lines is in iambicpentameter, and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter line. The rhythm scheme is题号23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 答案 D C B B C A C D A A B A A B D D B D D Aababbcbcc44. Lake Poets: it refers to those English romantic poets at the beginning of the19th century, William Wordsworth, for example, who lived in the heart of the LakeDistrict in the north-western part of England and enjoyed the experience of livingclose to nature, and these poets were the older generation of Romantic poets whohad been deeply influenced by the French Revolution of 1789 and its effects. In their writings, they described the beautiful scenes and the country people of the area.45. Humanism refers to the literary culture in the Renaissance.Humanists emphasize the capacities of the human mind and the achievements of human culture. Humanismbecame t he central theme of English Renaissance. Thomas More and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.46. Ballad: a story told in songs, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second andfourth rhymed.V. Questions.（本题3小题,每小题10分,共30分）47.A: Robinson Crusoe is supposedly based on the real adventure of an Alexander Selkirk who once stayed alone on the uninhabited island for five year4s. Actually, the story is an imagination.B: In Robinson Crusoe, Defoe traces the growth of Robinson from a na?ve and artless youth into a shrewd and hardened man, tempered by numerous trials in his eventfullife.C. In the novel, Robinson is a real hero and he is an embodiment of the risingmiddle-class virtues in the mid-eighteenth century England. Robinson is a trueempire-builder, a colonizer and a foreign trader, who has the courage and will toface hardships and who has determination to preserve himself and improve his livelihood by struggling against nature.D. Robinson Crusoe is an adventure story very much i n the spirit of the time. Because of the above reasons, when it was published, people all liked that story, and itbecame an immediate success.48. Byronic hero is a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin. With immensesuperiority in his passions and powers, this Byronic hero would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules wither in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies. The conflict is usually one of rebellious individuals against outworn social systems and conventions. Such a hero appeared in many o f his works, for example, "Don Juan". The figure is somewhat modeled on the life and personality of Byron himself, andmakes Byron famous both at home and abroad.49.A. Mark Twain’s realism is tainted with local color, preferring to have his wonregion and people at the forefront of his stories.B. James’s realism is concerned with the “inner world”of man and the international theme.C. Twain’s language is simple and colloquial and he employs humor in his writing.D. James’s language is elaborate and refined with lengthy psychological analyses.。