新发展研究生英语综合教程课文内容及翻译

Part B经济萧条造成了多么大的影响！雇主们回到了司机的座位自己开车，想改行的人不得不重新学会游戏规则。

作为一个经理代理人，我负责高级管理人员的职业安排，对于他们在职业上遇到的最艰难的挑战，我通常了如指掌。

在我看来，求职者应该遵循以下几条新规则是有好处的。

让人需要你比让人雇佣你更容易：有一句老话说得好：“先把你的脚跨进门内。

”不过，即使想那样做，现在也不容易。

因为公司在雇用员工之前完全有条件对求职者进行长时间的仔细考察。

有一个解决办法，就是先和公司作某种交易。

我的一个客户就与其公司达成一项为公司提供咨询服务的协议，并与公司共同承担风险，如果他能成功，他就会得到一份永久的工作。

他这一招还真奏效了。

学会自我欣赏：有位客户在求职面试时颇为沮丧，因为坐在对面负责面试的主管竟然是他以前的下属。

其实，这样的事情屡见不鲜。

毕竟，在网络行业繁荣的时期，随着不少企业家型人才外流，那些留守员工往往加官进职——很大程度上就是因为他们留下来没有跳槽。

像乌龟和兔子赛跑一样，乌龟艰难地爬向终点却乐观自信。

在求职市场，要摒弃傲慢，不要目中无人；不要搞小动作。

要摆正自己的位置，至于你从前的下属，你以后可以采取回避的方式对待。

不过要重新参与竞争，你必须首先回到队伍中。

Unit 2Part B英国式友谊遵循着一种不同的模式。

其基础是共同参与的活动。

在人生的不同阶段，活动会有很大的不同：在学校中发现共同的兴趣，在军队中共同服役，在国外一同完成任务，在危机中共住一间农舍。

在活动中，不管是什么样的活动，大家会步调一致：有时是两个男人或者两个女人，有时是两对夫妇，有时是三个人，他们或散步，或玩游戏，或讲故事，或者担任一个又累又烦的委员会委员，日常事务如何做，出什么危急情况怎么办，都是不难预料、一成不变的。

有英国朋友的美国人议论说：“即使在多年以后，你也可以在上次停留的地方继续开始。

”时隔很久会面时，朋友就像一对舞伴，在休息过后乐队重新奏响时再次共舞。

课文原文1-7 Unit 1 The Hidden Side of Happiness1 Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, whitewater rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark alleyways. Nobody asks for any of it. But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the better.Their refrain might go something like this: "I wish it hadn't happened, but I'm a better person for it."1飓风、房屋失火、癌症、激流漂筏失事、坠机、昏暗小巷遭歹徒袭击，没人想找上这些事儿。

但出人意料的是，很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。

他们可能都会这样说:“我希望这事没发生，但因为它我变得更完美了。

”2 We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations, perhaps because they testify to a bona fide type of psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster: There seems to be abuilt-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. Positive responses to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest.In fact, roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives subsequently in some ways improved.2我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学上的真理，这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中:在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会进发出来。

课文原文1-7 Unit 1 The Hidden Side of Happiness1 Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, whitewater rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark alleyways. Nobody asks for any of it. But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the better.Their refrain might go something like this: "I wish it hadn't happened, but I'm a better person for it."1飓风、房屋失火、癌症、激流漂筏失事、坠机、昏暗小巷遭歹徒袭击，没人想找上这些事儿。

但出人意料的是，很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。

他们可能都会这样说:“我希望这事没发生，但因为它我变得更完美了。

”2 We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations, perhaps because they testify to a bona fide type of psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster: There seems to be abuilt-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. Positive responses to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest.In fact, roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives subsequently in some ways improved.2我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学上的真理，这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中:在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会进发出来。

Unit1HumanReflections BeforeReadingActivities1.Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1)crush;(2)lifetime;(3)deceive;(4)smile;(5)right;(6)grateful;(7)arrives;(8)as surance;(9)return;(10)contentⅡ.LanguageFocusVocabularyPartA1.stranded;2.emeritus;3.erode;4.wondrous;5.yearning;6.shackled;7.salvation;8.nibble;9.imperfection;10.eruptPartB1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.B7.C8.A9.D10.BBank-Cloze(1)bored;(2)affiliate;(3)conducted;(4)valid;(5)ranging(6)fulfilling;(7)revealed;(8)tended;(9)Pressure;(10)toughTranslationPartA1.Forsome,marriageisthegraveoflove,whileforothers,marriageisaneffectiv esalvationforthosewholeadasolitarylife.2.Blessedwithagreathistoricalresponsibility,theConferenceisdestinedtoha vefar-reachingimpactonthedevelopmentoftheorganization.3.Allofthe seshowpeople’syearningforabetterlife,sotheyhavebeencarrie dforwardgenerationaftergeneration.4.IfCongressapprovedthebillnow,thepresidentwarned,thefragilepeaceprocessthatheistryingtokeepcouldfallapart.5.Thecouplemustbetolerantofthelittleimperfectionsineacho ther’schara cter,otherwisetheirmarriagemayendupindivorce.PartB爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

Unit 2 FriendshipⅡ. Language FocusV ocabularyPart A1. resourcefulness；2. proximity；3. intimidated；4. catalyst；5. overwhelming；6. anarchy；7. dwindled；8. hierarchy；9. quirks；10. rantingBank-Cloze(1) move; (2) forming; (3) sights; (4) produce; (5) value(6) appreciation; (7) expectations; (8) constitutes; (9) being; (10) distinguishedIV.译文友谊Text A友谊的艺术斯蒂芬妮·多戈夫斯蒂芬妮·多戈夫1989年大学毕业后就为杂志和报纸撰稿。

斯蒂芬妮·多戈夫是《亲职教育》的主编。

她的作品也发表在《纽约时代》和《纽约邮报》上。

在中年结交朋友1几年前的一个晚上，我发现自己陷入惶恐之中。

并不是真的出了什么事——我的家庭，我的健康都很好，我的事业也很忙碌和成功——我只是有一种模糊的沮丧感，想找个朋友鼓鼓劲。

一个人，能和我喝杯咖啡，让我尽情倾诉，直到阴霾散尽。

问题在于，没有这样的好友可以打电话，可以交心。

几年之间，我的所有的最老的，最熟的女朋友们，一个接一个的，搬离了这个城市，或是为了更好的工作，或是为了更好的气候，或是为了更好的男人。

2我给我最好的朋友挂了电话，她现在住在加利福尼亚的乡下，我收到了她的语音留言。

就在那时，我突然明白过来——寂寞就是我感到沮丧的根源。

我的社交生活已经减至几乎为零，而我一向很忙，直至此刻才察觉到这一点。

这给了我很大的打击。

我从大学，甚至从小学就拥有的老朋友们，挚友们，他们了解我的一切，当他们离开的时候，将我同他们的交情也带走了。

Unit 1 Human ReflectionsTranslationPart A1.对一些人来说，婚姻是爱情的坟墓；而对另一些人来说，婚姻是拯救那些过着孤单生活的人的好办法。

译：For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2.此次会议肩负着重大的历史责任，必然将对该组织的发展产生深远影响。

译：Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3.所有这些都寄寓着人们对美好生活的向往，因此得以代代流传。

译：All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4.总统警告说，如果国会现在通过这一法案，那么他一直努力维护的脆弱的和平进程可能就会破裂。

译：If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5.夫妻之间必须能够容忍彼此性格上的一些瑕疵，否则的话她们的婚姻很可能会以离婚而告终。

译：The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

Growing Up1 Fifty years ago parents still asked boys if they wanted to grow up to be president, and asked it not jokingly but seriously. Many parents who were hardly more than paupers still believed their sons could do it. Abraham Lincoln had done it. We were only sixty-five years from Lincoln. Many of grandfather who walked among us could remeber Lincoln. Men of grandfatherly age were the worst for asking if you wanted to grow up to be president. A surprising number of little boys said yes and meant it.五十年前父母大都会问男孩子们长大后想不想当总统，问这话时一本正经，并非开玩笑。

许多穷得跟乞丐似的父母也仍然相信他们的孩子能当上总统。

亚伯拉罕・林肯就做到了。

我们与林肯那个时代仅仅差65年。

依然健在的许多爷爷辈的人还能记得林肯时代。

就是他们最喜欢问你长大后想不想当总统。

回答说想当的小男孩数量多得惊人，而且他们是当真的。

2 I was asked many times myself. No, I didn’t want to grow up to be president. My mother was present during one of these interrogations. An elderly uncle, having posed the usual question and exposed my lack of interest in the presidency, asked, “Well, what do you want to be when you grow up.我就曾经被问过多次。

Unit 2 FriendshipⅡ. Language FocusV ocabularyPart A1. resourcefulness；2. proximity；3. intimidated；4. catalyst；5. overwhelming；6. anarchy；7. dwindled；8. hierarchy；9. quirks；10. rantingBank-Cloze(1) move; (2) forming; (3) sights; (4) produce; (5) value(6) appreciation; (7) expectations; (8) constitutes; (9) being; (10) distinguishedIV.译文友谊Text A友谊的艺术斯蒂芬妮·多戈夫斯蒂芬妮·多戈夫1989年大学毕业后就为杂志和报纸撰稿。

斯蒂芬妮·多戈夫是《亲职教育》的主编。

她的作品也发表在《纽约时代》和《纽约邮报》上。

在中年结交朋友1几年前的一个晚上，我发现自己陷入惶恐之中。

并不是真的出了什么事——我的家庭，我的健康都很好，我的事业也很忙碌和成功——我只是有一种模糊的沮丧感，想找个朋友鼓鼓劲。

一个人，能和我喝杯咖啡，让我尽情倾诉，直到阴霾散尽。

问题在于，没有这样的好友可以打电话，可以交心。

几年之间，我的所有的最老的，最熟的女朋友们，一个接一个的，搬离了这个城市，或是为了更好的工作，或是为了更好的气候，或是为了更好的男人。

2我给我最好的朋友挂了电话，她现在住在加利福尼亚的乡下，我收到了她的语音留言。

就在那时，我突然明白过来——寂寞就是我感到沮丧的根源。

我的社交生活已经减至几乎为零，而我一向很忙，直至此刻才察觉到这一点。

这给了我很大的打击。

我从大学，甚至从小学就拥有的老朋友们，挚友们，他们了解我的一切，当他们离开的时候，将我同他们的交情也带走了。

[实用参考]《新发展研究生英语》答案+课文翻译Unit1HumanReflections BeforeReadingActivities1.Fill in the blanks with the words Pou hear.(1)crush;(2)lifetime;(3)deceive;(4)smile;(5)right;(6)grateful;(7) arrives;(8)as surance;(9)return;(10)contentⅡ.LanguageFocusVocabularPPartA1.stranded;2.emeritus;3.erode;4.wondrous;5.Pearning;6.shackled;7.salvation;8.nibble;9.imperfection;10.eruptPartB1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.B7.C8.A9.D10.BBank-Cloze(1)bored;(2)affiliate;(3)conducted;(4)valid;(5)ranging(6)fulfilling;(7)revealed;(8)tended;(9)Pressure;(10)toughTranslationPartA1.Forsome,marriageisthegraveoflove,whileforothers,marriag eisaneffectiv esalvationforthosewholeadasolitarPlife.2.BlessedwithagreathistoricalresponsibilitP,theConferenceisd estinedtoha vefar-reachingimpactonthedevelopmentoftheorganization.3.Allofthe seshowp eople’s Pearningforabetterlife,sothePhavebeencarrie dforwardgenerationaftergeneration.4.IfCongressapprovedthebillnow,thepresidentwarned,thefra gilepeaceprocessthatheistrPingtokeepcouldfallapart.5.Thecouplemustbetolerantofthelittleimperfectionsineacho the r’schara cter,otherwisetheirmarriagemaPendupindivorce.PartB爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

拉塞尔・贝克拉塞尔・贝克是美国专栏评论家、幽默作家和政论家。

他的作品以其幽默诙谐的语言对社会、政治等进行了强而有力地评论。

1五十年前父母大都会问男孩子们长大后想不想当总统 问这话时一本正经 并非开玩笑。

许多穷得跟乞丐似的父母也仍然相信他们的孩子能当上总统。

亚伯拉罕・林肯就做到了。

我们与林肯那个时代仅仅差 年。

依然健在的许多爷爷辈的人还能记得林肯时代。

就是他们最喜欢问你长大后想不想当总统。

回答说想当的小男孩数量多得惊人 而且他们是当真的。

2我就曾经被问过多次。

我会回答说不 我长大后不想当总统。

有一个年纪大的叔叔 当着母亲的面向我提出这个问烂了的问题 发现了我对当总统不感兴趣 他就接着又问 “那你长大了想干什么呢 ”3我那时喜欢到垃圾堆上去拣东西 收集空瓶子、有漂亮标签的罐子和废弃的杂志。

世界上最吸引我的工作立刻浮现在我的脑子里。

“我想当一个垃圾工。

”我说道。

4叔叔听后笑了 而母亲却觉察到了我那呆头呆脑的苗头 不免伤心。

“有点上进心吧 拉塞尔。

”她说道。

她叫我“拉塞尔”表明她不高兴 因为她夸我的时候总是叫我“小家伙”。

5 转眼间我长到了八岁 她觉得我得找个工作 开始踏上那条让我自己成就点什么的道路 而不能再四平八稳地坐失良机了。

“巴迪” 有一天她跟我说 “今天放学后马上回家。

有人要来 我要你见见他。

”6那天下午我冲进家门的时候 她正在客厅里跟柯蒂斯出版公司的一个负责人谈话。

他把我介绍给他。

他弯下腰和我握了握手 问我是不是像母亲说的那样渴望获得进入商界的机会。

7母亲在一旁忙说我决意要使自己成为一个有所成就的人。

8“是的。

”我低声说。

9“那么 你是否具备在商业上获得成功所需要的刚强、勇气和绝不放弃的精神呢 ”10母亲回答说我当然具备。

11“是的。

”我说。

12他盯着我好一会儿 默不作声 似乎在掂量着我是否值得他的信任 然后和我坦率地谈了起来。

他说 在走出关键性的一步之前 他得提醒我 年轻人为柯蒂斯出版公司工作要承担巨大的责任。

一、英译汉，汉译英PartA1从前有一个人，他有一个梦。

他梦到一片和平与和谐的土地。

他梦到一个不以肤色评判人的地方。

他梦到一个国家，在那里不同种族的孩子们在一起玩。

他梦到一个国家，在那里所有的人都是平等的。

有些人不喜欢他的梦，他们说这个梦永远不会实现。

有些人则对他的梦喝彩，他们想实现这个梦。

对一些人而言，这个崇高的理想已经实现，而对另一些人而言，还只是一个幻想.这个人，马丁·路德·金博士，在1963 年的一篇有名的演讲“我有一个梦”中表达了他的理想。

其实这个根植于“美国梦”的理想，并不是个完全新奇的主张。

从一开始，这个由移民所组成的国家，使欢迎渴望自由和追求生活新起点的人的到来。

但不同种族的到来同时也造成了紧张的气氛。

PartA1 （答案）Once a man had a dream, he dreamed of a land of peace and harmony.He dreamed of a place where people were not judged by their skin color. He dreamed of a country where children of different races could play together.’tlike He dreamed of a nation where all people were equal. Some people didnhis dream. They said it would never happen. Some people applauded hisdream. They wanted to make it happen. This noble vision has come true forsome. For others, it ’s still just a fantasy.In 1963, this man, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. , expressed his vision in thefamous speech, "I Have a Dream." But the dream———rooted in the American Dream ——— wasn ’treally new. From the beginning, this nation of immigrants welcomed people desiring freedom and a new start. However, the coming together of different races and ethnic groups created some tensions.PartB1The United States is currently shifting from being a nation of immigrantsOf mainly European descent to one of immigrants from other parts of theworld, such as Asia and Latin America. The number of recent immigrants has skyrocketed.they desire to escape economic hardship in their native countriesas well as seek a better education and a more prosperous life in America."theland of opportunity".Although there are frequent conflictsbetween the cultures they have brought with them from the "old country" andthose found in America, most immigrants learn to adjust to and love theiradopted land.Americans have also learned much from the customs and ideas ofthe immigrants and are often influenced by them in subtle and interestingways.Immigrants bring their native cultural, political, and social patterns and attitudes, varied academic and religious backgrounds, as well as theirethnic arts, sports, holidays, festivals, and foods.They have greatly enriched American life.For immigrants from all parts of the world, the United States has been a "melting pot" in which the foreigners have sometimes remained culturally and linguistically what they were in their native lands, even as they move toward becoming citizens of the United States, a country whose people share a common cultural outlook and set of values.The melting pot does not meltaway all recollections of another way of life in other place———nor should it.On the contrary, immigrants should maintain the languages, skills, religions, customs and arts of their own heritage, even while they are working towards entering the mainstream of American culture.PartB1 （答案）目前，美国正在从一个主要由欧洲移民构成的国家向来自世界各地（如亚洲、拉丁美洲）的移民构成的国家转变，其移民数量骤增。

一、英译汉，汉译英PartA1从前有一个人，他有一个梦。

他梦到一片和平与和谐的土地。

他梦到一个不以肤色评判人的地方。

他梦到一个国家，在那里不同种族的孩子们在一起玩。

他梦到一个国家，在那里所有的人都是平等的。

有些人不喜欢他的梦，他们说这个梦永远不会实现。

有些人则对他的梦喝彩，他们想实现这个梦。

对一些人而言，这个崇高的理想已经实现，而对另一些人而言，还只是一个幻想.这个人，马丁·路德·金博士，在1963年的一篇有名的演讲“我有一个梦”中表达了他的理想。

其实这个根植于“美国梦”的理想，并不是个完全新奇的主张。

从一开始，这个由移民所组成的国家，使欢迎渴望自由和追求生活新起点的人的到来。

但不同种族的到来同时也造成了紧张的气氛。

PartA1（答案）Once a man had a dream, he dreamed of a land of peace and harmony. He dreamed of a place where people were not judged by their skin color. He dreamed of a country where children of different races could play together. He dreamed of a nation where all people were equal. Some people didn’t like his dream. They said it would never happen. Some people applauded his dream. They wanted to make it happen. This noble vision has come true for some. For others, it’s still just a fantasy.In 1963, this man, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. , expressed his vision in the famous speech, "I Have a Dream." But the dream ——— rooted in the American Dream ——— wasn’t really new. From the beginning, this nation of immigrants welcomed people desiring freedom and a new start. However, the coming together of different races and ethnic groups created some tensions. PartB1The United States is currently shifting from being a nation of immigrants Of mainly European descent to one of immigrants from other parts of the world, such as Asia and Latin America. The number of recent immigrants has skyrocketed.they desire to escape economic hardship in their native countries as well as seek a better education and a more prosperous life in America."the land of opportunity".Although there are frequent conflictsbetween the cultures they have brought with them from the "old country" and those found in America, most immigrants learn to adjust to and love their adopted land.Americans have also learned much from the customs and ideas of the immigrants and are often influenced by them in subtle and interestingways.Immigrants bring their native cultural, political, and social patterns and attitudes, varied academic and religious backgrounds, as well as their ethnic arts, sports, holidays, festivals, and foods.They have greatly enriched American life.For immigrants from all parts of the world, the United States has been a "melting pot" in which the foreigners have sometimes remained culturally and linguistically what they were in their native lands, even as they move toward becoming citizens of the United States, a country whose people share a common cultural outlook and set of values.The melting pot does not melt away all recollections of another way of life in other place———nor should it. On the contrary, immigrants should maintain the languages, skills, religions, customs and arts of their own heritage, even while they are working towards entering the mainstream of American culture.PartB1（答案）目前，美国正在从一个主要由欧洲移民构成的国家向来自世界各地（如亚洲、拉丁美洲）的移民构成的国家转变，其移民数量骤增。

Unit 1 Human ReflectionsTranslationPart A1.对一些人来说，婚姻是爱情的坟墓；而对另一些人来说，婚姻是拯救那些过着孤单生活的人的好办法。

译：For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2.此次会议肩负着重大的历史责任，必然将对该组织的发展产生深远影响。

译：Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3.所有这些都寄寓着人们对美好生活的向往，因此得以代代流传。

译：All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4.总统警告说，如果国会现在通过这一法案，那么他一直努力维护的脆弱的和平进程可能就会破裂。

译：If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5.夫妻之间必须能够容忍彼此性格上的一些瑕疵，否则的话她们的婚姻很可能会以离婚而告终。

译：The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

UnitOne核心员工的特征大卫·G 詹森1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时 我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。

我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理 给我解释一下。

“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工在某个专业领域 你可以指望他们把活儿干好。

在我的小组中 有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家 其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的 ”他说 “他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。

当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候 我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人 其他公司经理不想失去的员工。

我们只招募核心员工。

”2这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话 目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。

他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。

然而 每家公司也从新人中招人。

他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。

“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。

假如他们看起来有同样特征的话 我们就在他们身上赌一把。

”只是这样有点儿冒险。

3“这是一种有根据的猜测 ”我的人事经理客户说。

作为未来的一名员工 你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险 你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。

4特征1 无私的合作者职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。

关于这个特征人们已经写了大量的文章。

它之所以值得被反复谈及 是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。

“这里需要合作 ”费策尔说 “企业的环境并不需要单打独斗 争强好胜 所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。

在企业环境中 没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。

”5许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。

因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色 并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。

你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力 为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。

这个方法 加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们” 而不是“我” 能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。

1 五十年前父母大都会问男孩子们长大后想不想当总统，问这话时一本正经，并非开玩笑。

许多穷得跟乞丐似的父母也仍然相信他们的孩子能当上总统。

亚伯拉罕・林肯就做到了。

我们与林肯那个时代仅仅差65年。

依然健在的许多爷爷辈的人还能记得林肯时代。

就是他们最喜欢问你长大后想不想当总统。

回答说想当的小男孩数量多得惊人，而且他们是当真的。

2 我就曾经被问过多次。

我会回答说不，我长大后不想当总统。

有一个年纪大的叔叔，当着母亲的面向我提出这个问烂了的问题，发现了我对当总统不感兴趣，他就接着又问：“那你长大了想干什么呢？”3 我那时喜欢到垃圾堆上去拣东西，收集空瓶子、有漂亮标签的罐子和废弃的杂志。

世界上最吸引我的工作立刻浮现在我的脑子里。

“我想当一个垃圾工。

”我说道。

4 叔叔听后笑了，而母亲却觉察到了我那呆头呆脑的苗头，不免伤心。

“有点上进心吧，拉塞尔。

”她说道。

她叫我“拉塞尔”表明她不高兴，因为她夸我的时候总是叫我“小家伙”。

5 转眼间我长到了八岁，她觉得我得找个工作，开始踏上那条让我自己成就点什么的道路，而不能再四平八稳地坐失良机了。

“巴迪”，有一天她跟我说，“今天放学后马上回家。

有人要来，我要你见见他。

”6 那天下午我冲进家门的时候，她正在客厅里跟柯蒂斯出版公司的一个负责人谈话。

他把我介绍给他。

他弯下腰和我握了握手，问我是不是像母亲说的那样渴望获得进入商界的机会。

7 母亲在一旁忙说我决意要使自己成为一个有所成就的人。

8 “是的。

”我低声说。

9 “那么，你是否具备在商业上获得成功所需要的刚强、勇气和绝不放弃的精神呢？”10 母亲回答说我当然具备。

11 “是的。

”我说。

12 他盯着我好一会儿，默不作声，似乎在掂量着我是否值得他的信任，然后和我坦率地谈了起来。

他说，在走出关键性的一步之前，他得提醒我，年轻人为柯蒂斯出版公司工作要承担巨大的责任。

它是美国最了不起的公司之一，也许是世界上最了不起的出版公司。

毫无疑问，我肯定听说过《星期六晚邮报》吧？13 岂止听说过母亲说全家人可是都知道《星期六邮报》的，而且说我实际上是它的忠实读者。

UNIT11. Recently, one of us had the opportunity to speak with a medical student about a research rotation that the student was planning to do. She would be working with Dr. Z, who had given her the project of writing a paper for which he had designed the protocol, collected the data, and compiled the results. The student was to do a literature search and write the first draft of the manuscript. For this she would become first author on the final publication. When concerns were raised about the proposed project, Dr. Z was shocked. "l thought I was doing her a favor," he said innocently, "and besides, I hate writing!"2. Dr. Z is perhaps a bit naive. Certainly, most researchers would know that the student's work would not merit first authorship. They would know that "gift" authorship is not an acceptable research practice. However, an earlier experience in our work makes us wonder. Several years ago, in conjunction with the grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Pott Secondary Education (FIPSE), a team of philosophers and scientists at Dartmouth College 2 ran a University Seminar series for faculty on the topic "Ethical Issues in scientific Research."At one seminar, a senior researcher (let's call him Professor R) argued a similar position to that of Dr. Z. In this case Professor R knew that "gift" authorship, authorship without a significant research contribution, was an unacceptable research practice. However, he had a reason to give authorship to his student.The student had worked for several years on a project suggested by him and the project had yielded to publishable data. Believing that he had a duty to the student to ensure a publication, Professor R had given the student some data that he himself had collected and told the student to write it up. The student had worked hard, he said, albeit on another project, and the student would do the writing. Thus, he reasoned, the authorship was not a "gift."3. These two stories point up a major reason for encouraging courses in research ethics: Good intentions do not necessarily result in ethical decisions. Both of the faculty members in the above scenarios "meant well." In both cases, the faculty members truly believed that what they were doing was morally acceptable. In the first case, Dr. Z's indefensible error was that he was unaware of the conventions of the field.In particular, he seemed blissfully oblivious to the meaning of first authorship. In the second case, Professor R was do ng what he thought best for the student without taking into consideration that moral. ty is a public system and that his actions with regard to a single student have public consequences for the practice of science as a profession.4. Well-meaning scientists, such as those just mentioned, can, with the best of intentions, make unethical decisions. In some cases, such decisions may lead individuals to become embroiled in cases of 1. 最近，我们当中的一员有机会与一名医科学生谈论她正计划要做的一个实验室轮转项目。

新发展研究生英语综合教程课文翻译集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]U n i t1w h y m a r r i a g e s f a i l1这些日子，许多婚姻以离婚结束，我们最神圣的誓言不再与真理联系在一起了。

“幸运地”和“直到死亡我们做了一部分”是表面上看起来已经过时了。

为什么夫妻一起呆在一起变得如此困难？出了什么问题？我们发生了什么事，接近一半的婚姻注定离婚法庭？我们如何创造一个社会，其中42％的孩子将在单亲家庭中长大？如果统计数据只能衡量孤独，遗憾，痛苦，失去自信和对未来的恐惧，数字将超出量化。

2即使每一个破碎的婚姻是独一无二的，我们仍然可以找到共同的危险，婚姻绝望的共同原因。

每个婚姻都有一个危机点，每个婚姻都测试耐力，亲密和变化的能力。

外部压力，如工作失调，疾病，不育，与孩子的麻烦，照顾老化的父母，和所有其他生命的瘟疫飓风爆炸我们的海岸的方式。

有些婚姻在这些暴风雨中生存下来，其他婚姻却没有。

然而，婚姻失败，不仅仅是因为外部天气，而是因为内部气候变得太热或太冷，太湍急或太吝啬。

3当我们看看我们如何选择我们的合作伙伴，并在浪漫的开始有什么期望存在，一些灾难的原因变得相当清楚。

我们都选择无意识的准确性，将与我们重新创建我们的第一个家的情感模式的伴侣。

威斯康星大学婚姻治疗师和精神病学荣誉教授Carl A. Whitaker博士解释说：“从幼年时代起，我们每个人都携带婚姻，女性气质，男性气质，母性，父亲和所有其他家庭角色的模式。

“我们每个人都爱上一个有我们父母品质的伴侣，他们将帮助我们重新发现我们过去生活的心理幸福和痛苦。

我们可能认为我们发现了一个不像爸爸的男人，但随后他回到喝酒或毒品，或者一次又一次地失去了他的工作，或者像爸爸那样默默地坐在电视机前面。

一个男人可以选择一个不喜欢孩子的女人，就像他的母亲，或者像他的母亲一样赌了家庭储蓄。

或者他可以选择一个苗条的妻子，似乎不像他的肥胖母亲，但后来发现有其他的瘾，摧毁他们的相互幸福。

[实用参考]《新发展研究生英语》答案+课文翻译Unit1HumanReflections BeforeReadingActivities1.Fill in the blanks with the words Pou hear.(1)crush;(2)lifetime;(3)deceive;(4)smile;(5)right;(6)grateful;(7) arrives;(8)as surance;(9)return;(10)contentⅡ.LanguageFocusVocabularPPartA1.stranded;2.emeritus;3.erode;4.wondrous;5.Pearning;6.shackled;7.salvation;8.nibble;9.imperfection;10.eruptPartB1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.B7.C8.A9.D10.BBank-Cloze(1)bored;(2)affiliate;(3)conducted;(4)valid;(5)ranging(6)fulfilling;(7)revealed;(8)tended;(9)Pressure;(10)toughTranslationPartA1.Forsome,marriageisthegraveoflove,whileforothers,marriag eisaneffectiv esalvationforthosewholeadasolitarPlife.2.BlessedwithagreathistoricalresponsibilitP,theConferenceisd estinedtoha vefar-reachingimpactonthedevelopmentoftheorganization.3.Allofthe seshowp eople’s Pearningforabetterlife,sothePhavebeencarrie dforwardgenerationaftergeneration.4.IfCongressapprovedthebillnow,thepresidentwarned,thefra gilepeaceprocessthatheistrPingtokeepcouldfallapart.5.Thecouplemustbetolerantofthelittleimperfectionsineacho the r’schara cter,otherwisetheirmarriagemaPendupindivorce.PartB爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

UNIT41. Think for a moment about your own life — the activities of your day, the possessions you enjoy, the surroundings in which you live. Is there anything you don’t have at this moment that you would like to have? Anything that you have, but that you would like more of? If your answer is “no,” then congratulations — either you are well advanced on the path of Zen self-denial, or else you are a close relative of Ted Turner . The rest of us, however, would benefit from an increase in our material standard of living. This simple truth is at the very core of economics. It can be restated this way: we all face the problem of scarcity.2 Almost everything in your daily life is scarce. You would benefit from a larger room or apartment, so you have a scarcity of space. You have only two pairs of shoes and could use a third for hiking; you have a scarcity of shoes. You would love to take a trip to Chicago, but it is difficult for you to find the time or the money to go — trips to Chicago are scarce.3 Because of scarcity, each of us is forced to make choices. We must allocate our scarce time to different activities: work, play, education, sleep, shopping, and more. We must allocate our scarce spending power among different goods and services: food, furniture, movies, long-distance phone calls, and many others.4 Economists study the choices we make as individuals and how those choices shape our economy. For example, the goods that each of us decides to buy ultimately determine which goods business firms will produce. This, in turn, explains which firms and industries will hire new workers and which will lay them off.5. Economists also study the more subtle and indirect effects of individual choice on our society. Will most Americans continue to live in houses, or — like Europeans will most of us end up in apartments? Will we have an educated and well-informed citizenry? Will museums and libraries be forced to close down? Will traffic congestion in our cities continue to worsen, or is there relief in sight? These questions hinge, in large part, on the separate decisions of millions of people. To answer them requires an understanding of how people make choices under conditions of scarcity.6. Think for a moment about the goals of our society. We want a high standard of living for all citizens: clean air, safe streets, and good schools. What is holding us back from accomplishing all of these goals in a way that would satisfy everyone? You probably already know the answer: scarcity. 1. 想一想你的生活：你每天从事的活动，你所拥有的财产，你所居住的环境。