Lesson 4 Ivy League Diploma

实训英语阅读理解训练Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.Some people say that the study of liberal arts is a useless luxury we can not afford in hard times. Students, they argue, who do not develop salable skills will find it difficult to land a job upon graduation. But there is a problem in speaking of "salable skills". What skills are salable? Right now, skills for making automobiles are not highly salable, but they have been for decades and might be again. Skills are another example of varying salability, as the job market fluctuates. What's more, if one wants to build a curriculum exclusively on what is salable, one will have to make the courses very short and change them very often, in order to keep up with the rapid changes in the job market. But will not the effort be in vain? In very few things can we be sure of future salability, and in a society where people are free to study what they want, and work where they want, and invest as they want, there is no way to keep supply and demand in labor in perfect accord.A school that devotes itself totally to salable skills, especially in a time of high unemployment, sending young men and women into the world armed with only a narrow range of skills, is also sending lambs into the lion's den. If those people gain nothing more from their studies than supposedly salable skills, and can't make the sale because of changes in the job market, they have been cheated. But if those skills were more than salable, if study gave them a better understanding of the world around them and greater adaptability in a changing world, they have not been cheated. They will find some kind of job soon enough. Flexibility, and ability to change and learn new things, is a valuable skill. People who have learned how to learn can learn outside of school. That is where most ofus have learned to do what we do, not in school. Learning to learn is one of the highest liberal skills.52. From the passage, we can learn that the author is in favor of ____.A) teaching practical skills that can be sold in the current job marketB) a flexible curriculum that changes with the timesC) a liberal educationD) keeping a balance between the supply and demand in the labor market53. The word "fluctuate"(Line 5,Para.1) most probably means_______ .A) remain steady B) change in an irregular wayC) follow a set pattern D) become worse and worse54. According to the author, who of the following is more likely to get a job in times of high unemployment?A) A person with the ability to learn by himself.B) A construction worker.C) A car repairman.D) A person with quite a few salable skills.55. According to the author, in developing a curriculum school should _______.A) predict the salability of skills in the future job marketB) take the current job market into considerationC) consider what skills are salableD) focus on the ability to adapt to changes56. We can learn from the passage that _______.A) liberal arts education is being challenged nowB) schools that teach practical skills fare better during hard timesC) extracurricular activities are more important than classroom learningD) many students feel cheated by the educational systemPassage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior from feathering their own nests at the expense of their shareholders. The three most popular reforms have been recruiting more outside directors in order to make boards more independent, linking bosses' pay to various performance measures, and giving bosses share options, so that they have the same long-term interests as their shareholders.These reforms have been widely adopted by American's larger companies, and surveys suggest that many more companies are thinking of following their lead. But have they done any good? Three papers presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management in Boston this week suggest not. As is usually the case with boardroom tinkering, the consequences have differed from those intended.Start with those independent boards. On the face of it, dismissing the boss's friends from the board and replacing them with outsiders looks a perfect way to make senior managers more accountable. But that is not the conclusion of a study by Professor James Westphal. Instead, he found that bosses with a boardroom full of outsides spend much of their time building alliances, doing personal favors and generally pleasing the outsiders.All too often, these seductions succeed. Mr.Westphal found that, to a remarkable degree, "independent" boards pursue strategies that are likely to favor senior managers rather than shareholders. Such companies diversify their business, increase the pay of executives and weaken the link between pay and performance.To assess the impact of performance related pay, Mr.Westphal asked the bosses of 103 companies with sales of over $1 billion what measurements were used to determine their pay. The measurements varied widely, ranging from sales to earnings per share. But the researcher's big discovery was that bosses attend to measures that affect their own incomes and ignore or play down other factors that affect a company's overall success.In short, bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage-which is probably why they are the people who are put in charge of things. Here is a paradox for the management theorists: any boss who cannot beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having.57. What is the purpose of the large companies in recruiting outsiders and putting them on the board of directors?A) To diversify the business of the corporation.B) To enhance the cooperation between the senior managers and the board directors.C) To introduce effective reforms in business management.D) To protect the interests of the shareholders.58. What does Professor James Westphal's study suggest?A) Boardroom reforms have failed to achieve the desired result.B) Outside board directors tend to be more independent.C) With a boardroom full of outsiders, senior managers work more conscientiously.D) Cooperation between senior managers and board directors suffered from the reforms.59. The word "seduction"(Line 1,Para.4) probably means "________ ".A) efforts to conquerB) attempts to win overC) endeavors to increase profitsD) exertions to understand60. Which of the following statements is true?A) Corporate executives in general are worth the high pay they receive.B) The income of corporate executives is proportional to the growth of corporate profits.C) Corporate executives tend to take advantage of their position to enrich themselves.D) The performance of corporate executives affects their own interests more than those of the shareholders.61. How does the author feel about the efforts to control senior executives?A) Doubtful. B) Optimistic. C) Positive. D) Approving.Passage 3Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.You’re busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Let’s assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn’t it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University?More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or sheassumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university. Registrars at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week.Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them "impostors (骗子)"; another refers to them as "special cases". One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by "no such people". To avoid outright( 彻底的) lies, some job-seekers claim that they "attended" or "were associated with" a college or university. After carefully checking, a personnel officer may discover that "attending" means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that "being associated with" a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century--that’s when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you don’t wan t to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony diploma.One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from "Smoot State University". The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the "University of Purdue". As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.57. The main idea of this passage is that __[A] employers are checking more closely on applicants now[B] lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem[C] college degrees can now be purchased easily[D] employers are no longer interested in college degrees58. According to the passage, "special cases" refers to cases that __[A] students attend a school only part-time[B] students never attended a school they listed on their application[C] students purchase false degrees from commercial firms[D] students attended a famous school59. We can infer from the passage that __[A] performance is a better judge of ability than a college degree[B] experience is the best teacher[C] past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do[D] a degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job competition60. This passage implies that __[A] buying a false degree is not moral[B] personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools[C] most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school[D] society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications61. The underlined word "phony" means__[A] thorough [B] ultimate [C] false [D] decisivePassage 4Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Material culture refers to what can be seen, held, felt, used--what a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music culture. The most vivid body of material culture in it, of course, is musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources duringthe past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on music and, when it becomes widespread, on the music culture as a whole.One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media-~radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the "information revolution", a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music cultures all over the globe.62. Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because[A] it helps produce new cultural tools and technology[B] it can reflect the development of the nation[C] it helps understand the nation’s past and present[D] it can demonstrate the nation’s civilization63. It can be learned from this passage that __[A] the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music[B] Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestra[C] the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western music[D] the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis of Near Eastern music64. According to the author, music notation is important because[A] it has a great effect on the music culture as more and more people are able to read it[B] it tends to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicians[C] it is the printed version of standardized folk music[D] it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs65. It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into the world of music[A] has brought about an information revolution[B] has speeded up the appearance of a new generation of computers[C] has given rise to new forms of music culture[D] has led to the transformation of traditional musical instruments66. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?[A] Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later bereplaced by computers.[B] Music cannot be passed on to future generations unless it is recorded.[C] Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets[D] The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect Passage fiveQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.The Food and Drug Administration said on Wednesday that it is trying to track down as many as 386 piglets that may have been genetically engineered and wrongfully sold into the U.S. food supply.The focus of the FDA investigation is on pigs raised by researchers at the University of Illinois in Urbana Champaign. They engineered the animals with two genes: one is a cow gene that increases milk production in the sow; the other, a synthetic gene, makes the milk easier for piglets to digest. The goal was to raise bigger pigs faster.There has been no evidence that either genetically altered plants or animals actually trigger human illness, but critics warn that potential side effects remain unknown. University officials say their tests showed the piglets were not born with the altered genes, but FDA rules require even the offspring of genetically engineered animals to be destroyed so they won't get into the food supply.The FDA, in a quickly arranged news conference on Wednesday prompted by inquiries by USA TODAY, said the University of Illinois would face possible sanctions and fines for selling the piglets to a livestock broker, who in turn sold them to processing plants.Both the FDA and the university say the pigs that entered the market do not pose a risk to consumers. But the investigation follows action by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in December to fine a Texas company that contaminated 500,000 bushels of soybeans with corn that had been genetically altered to produce a vaccine for pigs.Critics see such cases as evidence of the need for more government oversight of a burgeoning(新兴的)area of scientific research. "This is a small incident, but it's incidents like this that could destroy consumer confidence and export confidence," says Stephanie Childs of the Grocery Manufacturers of America. "We already have Europe shaky on biotech. The countries to which we export are going to look at this."The University of Illinois says it tested the DNA of every piglet eight times to make sure that the animal hadn't inherited the genetic engineering of its mother. Those piglets that did were put back into the study. Those that didn't were sold to the pig broker. "Any pig that was tested negative for the genes since 1999 has been sent off to market," says Charles Zukoski, vice chancellor for research.But FDA deputy commissioner Lester Crawford says that under the terms of the university's agreement with the FDA, the researchers were forbidden to remove the piglets without FDA approval. "The University of Illinois failed to check with FDA to see whether or not the animals could be sold on the open market. And they were not to be used under any circumstance for food."The FDA is responsible for regulating and overseeing transgenic animals because such genetic manipulation is considered an unapproved animal drug.57. The 386 piglets wrongfully sold into food supply are from ________.[A] Europe [B] an American research organization[C] a meat processing plant [D] an animal farm58. The purpose of the transgenic engineering research is to ________.[A] get pigs of larger size in a shorter time[B] make sows produce more milk[C] make cows produce more milk[D] make pigs grow more lean meat59. The 4th paragraph shows that the University of Illinois ________.[A] was criticized by the FDA[B] is in great trouble[C] is required by the FDA to call back the sold piglets[D] may have to pay the penalty60. The FDA declares that the wrongfully sold piglets ________.[A] may have side effects on consumers [B] may be harmful to consumers[C] are safe to consumers [D] may cause human illness61. It can be inferred from this passage that ________.[A] all the offspring have their mothers' genetic engineering[B] part of the offspring have their mothers' genetic engineering[C] none of the offspring have their mothers' genetic engineering[D] half of the offspring have their mothers' genetic engineeringPassage sixQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.A class action lawsuit has been filed against a prominent Toronto doctor by patients who allege he injected a banned substance into their faces for cosmetic purposes. The doctor had already been investigated for more than three years for using the liquid silicone, a product not authorized for use in Canada.Some patients say they are now suffering health problems and think the liquid silicone may be to blame. One of those patients is Anna Barbiero. She says her Toronto dermatologist told her he was using liquid silicone to smooth out wrinkles. what she says he didn't tell her is that it isn't approved for use in Canada. "I didn't know what liquid silicone was and he just called it 'liquidgold'," Barbiero remembers. After her last treatment, Anna discovered Dr. Sheldon Pollack had been ordered to stop using the silicone two years earlier by Health Canada. Experts say silicone can migrate through the body, and cause inflammation and deformities."My upper lip is always numb and it burns," Barbiero says. Barbiero is spearheading(带头)a lawsuit against the doctor, who her lawyer thinks mightinvolve up to 100 patients injected with the same material. "The fact, a physician of his stature would use an unauthorized product on a patient because he thought it was okay, is really very disturbing," says lawyer Douglas Elliott.Ontario's College of Physicians and Surgeons is also investigating Dr. Pollack to see if, in fact, he continued to use the silicone after agreeing to stop and whether he wrote in patient records that he used another legal product when he used silicone. However, in a letter to the College, Dr. Pollack wrote that he had always told patients that the silicone was not approved for sale in Canada, and had warned them of the risks. And in Barbiero's case, "...at the time of her first visit, prior to her ever receiving IGLS treatment, I specifically informed her that the material was not approved for sale in Canada by the Health Protection Branch and that I did receive the material from outside the country ...I would like to emphasize that, as is evident on Ms. Barbiero's chart, I drew a specific diagram on the chart which I carefully discussed with and explained to Ms. Barbiero as I did with every other patient to explain the nature and likelihood of complications and the reasons and consequences of those possible complications."Dr. Pollack declined to speak to CTV News, or to have his lawyer discuss the case. None of the allegations have been proven in court. But the case raises questions about the ability of governing bodies to monitor doctors. "There's a larger message and that is: buyer beware," says Nancy Neilsen of Cosmetic Surgery Canada, "It's incumbent(负有义务的)on consumers to do their research."62. Doctor Sheldon Pollack was charged that ________.[A] he had prescribed wrong medicine for patients by mistake[B] he had treated his patients with something illegal, causing bad result[C] he had pretended to be a prominent surgeon[D] he had sold an unauthorized product in large amount63. What does the word "dermatologist" (Line 2, Para. 2) mean?[A] A person whose work is filling, cleaning and taking out teeth.[B] A person whose work is studying mental diseases.[C] A person whose work is healing eye diseases.[D] A person whose work is curing skin diseases.64. The investigation of Ontario's College of Physicians and Surgeons is to find ________.[A] whether he still has illegal treatment on his patients[B] how many patients have been abused[C] if he told his patients about the risk[D] how much money he got from his illegal treatment65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?[A] Barbiero took the treatment after being told the risk.[B] Dr. Sheldon Pollack started his work with the patients' agreement to accept the potential risk.[C] A famous doctor should be authorized to use something he thinks okay on patients.[D] Barbiero is suffering a lot.66. From the ending part of the passage, we can conclude that________.[A] Barbiero will win the lawsuit[B] Dr. Sheldon Pollack will win the lawsuit[C] the cases have been dismissed[D] governing bodies to monitor doctor will be charged。

一、课程基本信息课程编号：120450100课程名称：英语报刊选读（Selected Readings of English Newspapers）课程属性：专业方向课总学分：2总学时：32周学时：2先修课程：综合英语、英语泛读考试形式：考试适用专业：英语专业二、课程教学目的本课程旨在提高学生阅读和理解英语报刊的能力，使学生学到英语新闻学的基本知识，对英语报刊的语言风格与特点有所了解，了解英美历史、文化传统和当今社会的热点问题以及科技的最新发展状况等，以阅读和评论为主要训练的手段，注重阅读内容的理解和评论以及报刊文章、新闻的标题、导语以及结构分析。

通过本课程的学习学生能够丰富词汇、开拓视野，以便毕业后在工作中能快速摄取英语信息，跟上时代的步伐。

三、教学基本要求本课程可介于精读和泛读之间进行讲授，以帮助学生理解和掌握课文内容为主，讲课时可交替使用英语和汉语。

精读的目的是为了帮助学生学习泛读未规定的教学内容。

另外，要注重向学生介绍所涉及到的美英报刊的特点、报刊英语的风格等背景知识，以增加学生学习的趣味和积极性。

课程考核形式为课堂考察，作业与期末考试相结合。

四、课程基本内容及学时分配Unit One China Watch （4学时）Lesson OneText China opens doors of state-run companies to world's top talent （中国国企为世界高端人才敞开大门）（The Washington Post, November 16, 2011）新闻写作何谓NewsLesson TwoText An American in Beijing（中国经济迅猛发展，留学生蜂拥而至）（Time, April 4,2008）语言解说 PresenceLesson ThreeText Tiger Mom ... Meet Panda Dad（熊猫爸爸挑战虎妈育儿经）（The Wall Street Journal, March 29,2011）新闻写作新闻体裁Unit Two United States （Ⅰ）（4学时）Lesson FourText Is an Ivy League Diploma Worth It?（上常春藤名校，值吗？）（The Wall Street Journal, November 8,2011）读报知识 Ivy League & Seven Sisters CollegesLesson FiveText Debt Burden Alters Outlook for US Graduates（求学负债：美国毕业生前景堪忧）（The Financial Times, June 1,2012）学习方法读懂标题（I）Lesson SixText The Evolution Wars（进化论与上帝造人说之争）（Time, August 15, 2005）读报知识宗教Unit Three United States （Ⅱ）（4学时）Lesson SevenText Obama Wins a Second Term as U.S. President（奥巴马连任总统：任重道远）（The Washington Post, November 7,2012）读报知识美国总统选举Lesson EightText The Economy Sucks. But Is It' 92 Redux?（经济不振，难道08年大选是92年的翻版吗？）（Newsweek, January 21, 2008）语言解说 Stupid和Technical（ly）Lesson NineText Five myths about the American dream（对美国梦的种种困感）（The Washington Post, Jan 6,2012）新闻写作导语（Lead）Lesson TenText Is America-s new declinism for real?（美国是真的衰落了吗？）（Financial Times, November 24, 2008）语言解说 EstablishmentUnit Four United States（Ⅲ）（4学时）Unit Five Britain （4学时）Unit Six The World （4学时）Unit Seven Society （4学时）Unit Eight Business and Science （2学时）Unit Nine Sports and Entertainment（2学时）五、教材及主要参考书目郭影平《最新报刊英语阅读》东南大学出版社 2010马建国《英文报刊导读》，外语教学与研究出版社，2002周学艺《英美报刊文章选读（精选本）》，北京大学出版社1997周学艺《英美报刊文章选读（精选本）学习辅导》，北京大学出版社1997端木义万，《英美报刊阅读教程》南京大学出版社，1997。

Unit 1 personal QualitiesI. Teaching aims and demands1. Understand the background knowledge2. Learn about the new words and phrases3. Grasp the main idea and structure of the text4. Conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activitiesII. Teaching importance and difficulties1.Background information2.The usage of some new words and phrases3.Some sentence patterns difficult to understandIII. Teaching methodsA combination of traditional teaching methods with the communicative approach will be adopted. Special attention should be paid to classroom interaction. More encouragement is needed and more guidance will be given to them in their extracurricular study. Use the multimedia device where necessary.IV. Teaching procedurea. Warming-up Activities1.Duty ReportHave a brainstorming about words to describe personal qualitiesrmation related to the text1> Cross-cultural communicationThe key to effective cross-cultural communication is knowledge. First, it is essentialthat people understand the potential problems of cross-cultural communication, and make a conscious effort to overcome these problems. Second, it is important to assume that one’s efforts will not always be successful, and adjust one’s behavior appropriately.For example, one should always assume that there is a significant possibility that cultural differences are causing communication problems, and be willing to be patient and forgiving, rather than hostile and aggressive, if problems develop. One should respond slowly and carefully in cross-cultural exchanges, not jumping to the conclusion that you know what is being thought and said.Active listening can sometimes be used to check this out–by repeating what one thinks he or she heard, one can confirm that one understands the communication accurately. If words are used differently between languages or cultural groups, however, even active listening can overlook misunderstandings.2> Personal qualitiesPersonal qualities are personal characteristics of an individual. They are what make up one's personality. They help a person get along in a new situation. For example, dependability and patience are qualities that employers would like a good worker to have. Other qualities employers value are: honesty, assertiveness, flexibility, problem solving, friendliness, intelligence, leadership, enthusiasm, and a good sense of humor.Most employers want people who are dependable and who get along with others. Though skills are important, an employer will select new employees based on their personal qualities as well.b. Language points1. Personal qualities generally have either positive or negative connotations.一般来说,一个人的品质包括两个方面：积极的和消极的。

谢霆锋在香港科技大学亚洲领袖讲座上的演讲时间:2012-05-10 13:51来源:口译网作者:口译网点击:7951次英汉双语字幕视频点击进入下载页面2012年4月19日，谢霆锋出席香港科技大学举办的“亚洲领袖讲座系列”首场讲座，他在讲座中指出，要诚实对待自己，并热爱自己所做的事是成功的关键。

他与出席讲座的约350名科大师生分享了他创办“PO朝霆”的过程、他的管理理念和人生体会等等。

谢霆锋在香港科技大学的演讲时告诉孩子们一定要拿到学位文凭，自己没有文凭别人总会怀疑自己。

社会残酷、忠于自己、如何面对自己的梦想等。

大约半年前，“香港科大商学院”力邀霆锋出席4月19日的亚洲领袖系列讲座，以CEO 身份跟学生分享成功之道，而霆锋更成为全日制工商管理硕士（MBA）课程教材。

能够被选中为MBA教材，霆锋更感到压力：“责任更加重大，压力很大，面对台下众多比自己更有学问、更有知识的人，我在台上说话，好像被别人脱光衣服一样，从答应之后，我心情一直都很忐忑和紧张。

”谢霆锋是著名演员和歌星，亦是香港最成功的青年企业家之一。

早于2003年，只有23岁的他创办了制作公司PO朝霆，锐意为亚洲电视广告及电影提供世界级的后期制作服务。

在过去短短的九年间，谢先生作为PO朝霆行政总裁，带领公司发展成为香港后期制作行业中领先的企业之一，公司在本地广告后期制作及上海高端影视后期制作的市场占有率分别约占一半。

以下英文全文由百度锋吧翻译组提供：2012-04-19 谢霆锋在香港科技大学亚洲领袖讲座上的演讲The Talk of Asian Leadership Series at HKUST by Nicholas TseKaren(MC): Welcome to the Asian leadership series. My name is Karen from the department of management, and I’m your MC for this evening.Some of you may wonder how this talk came about, actually it is through a conversation between the case manager and myself, about how much we want to find a young, successful Asian business leader, and someone who all our undergraduate students can relate to. And the he said ‘well, Karen have you heard about the founder of the post production office limited, Nicholas Tse?’ And I said ‘Perfect!’So, with the tremendous support of the post production office limited, we give you our delivering of the first Asian leadership series. So thank you very much for coming.So, since this talk is especially for you students, the whole event is going to be hosted by students. So the format is this: The first 20 minutes or so Mr. Nicholas Tse is going to share some of his experience and insights with us, and that will be followed by an about 45 minute chatting session between the 3 student interviewers and Mr. Nicholas Tse, and then we’ll be round up by a 15 minute Q&A session. So may I now invite the 3 student interviewers, Jocelyn, Mandy and Nathan to the floor please. So before we officially kick off the event, just a friendly reminder of some simple house rules. First can you please switch your mobile phones to silent mode, and secondly, no laptop, computer, no live recording, and third, I understand everyone is very excited but please remain seated during the event. And, last but not least, if you want to leave the lecture theatre during the event, can you please use the doors at the back.So, without further ado, can I please invite Professor Roger King, director of the Centre for the Business Case Studies and he himself a highly successful business leader to kick off the event.Professor King: Thank you all. It’s really a great, great honor and privilege for HKUST to have Mr. Nicholas Tse here. First of all I would like to also thank our president Tony, to be here, and our dean Brandon Chan, and of course many other honored guests, but, most importantly, you students.I think this is probably one of the biggest events we’ve ever had. Just to let you know Nicholas theregistry opened and within hours, it was totally full. In fact, this room only holds 400 people. Within a day and a half, we had 1700 people sign up, and they clearly didn’t come to see Tony. Nor me. But anyway, I was asked to say a few words about our case center, and many of you may or may not be aware of it, we have a case center here in HKUST’s business coup, which is relatively new. And let me just tell you why we started this thing. It was actually the encouragement of our Dean and basically most of you probably aware of the notion of the case study itself. For those of you who may not understand, case study actually brings in real-life business situations into the classroom by writing cases on that company usually, and but we also back it up with theory, and allow students to actually analyse the situation itself. So by having said that, there are a lot of other schools particularly Harvard, Ivy league and many many other schools do write cases. So why should we be writing cases? Well one of my colleagues Professor pang here and what we did was before I said to Leonard “Yes we will do this” because he asked me to do it on a proposal base I might say. So I said “Well, before we actually do this let’s take a survey and understand what are we currently do in our school and who uses the case method.” And so we did was we actually took a survey for all the faculty members that are teaching the MBA program itself. OK~ and what we discovered was first of all at the encouragement of the Dean we actually had 2/3 of the faculty responded to the survey over 66% and what was discovered was that students actually like class that have cases in it. NO.1, they gained higher scores for class that had that, so for those of you who are teaching this is great news. The second thing is that (they) actually like the professor that’s teaching it. And the third thing was how come we always study western company cases, why don’t we have more Asian cases? And therefore our main main focus is now on Asian. In fact, my colleagues and I （某人名）as well, have now coined the concept——Asian cases by Asians for Asians. Now it’s not to say that someone from Harvard they ask for a case we don’t give it to them. But I would hope that in a few years, they would actually come to us and ask for cases. Why? Because a Harvard professor their thinking-class is very very western. They don’t really understand how businesses are conducted in this part. And hence that’s our primary goal here. And we are also very very lucky that many of our faculties now have been supporting the concept itself and in fact even though 10-year system in the school doesn’t necessarily recognize those centres involved in writing cases or even teaching cases, but we are moving along that long. So this is the purpose of that and in fact many our cases we are able to invite honoured guest to come but more importantly in the classroom sometimes. And I recall one of my cases the individual that came to the class, this is the person that actually in the case itself, he said to me “Roger, you know what? This is great~! I’m getting so many good suggestions from students. In fact, it’s the cheapest consulting service I’ve ever had” so you know the whole idea is you need to participate for you students in this room. And it’s a great great opportunity to analyses real-life situations.So I’m sure again that you’re not here because you want to listen to me. So it gives me great pleasure, and Nicholas really needs no introduction, but here today he’s coming as a entrepreneur, a business he’s founded, several years back, when he was only , guess how old? 22! That was only yesterday right? And he has a very very successful business. He has an office here in Hong Kong of course, as well as in Shanghai I understand.So, without further ado, I would like to invite Nicholas to come up.NIC: Hello. Thank you for the warm welcome. And…Ladies and gentlemen welcome and thank you for having me on campus. This is truly overwhelming. Really. I’m instructed to deliver a speech in English. So therefore I will be speaking in English. But if any of you prefer to speak in Cantonese or mandarin, please feel free to do so. I do hope that at the end of the session, both parties you and I will gain something out of it and leave behind somewhat, to take it as memory, all right? Wow, this is really intense right now, for me, really, maybe because this is my first time to show up as an entrepreneur, in front of the crowd. What is very odd is that I’ve been doing this most of my life. I have been giving speeches and performances, and talks around the world. The crowds ranging from 30 people to 130,000 people, but never have been so uptight and nerve-racking. Maybe it’s because I am simply put in front of a crowd of academics. And I feel that I’m not actually out of my…I do feel I’m talking to another caliber; I’m left out. So the first point is really to tell you I dropped out of school in grade 10. And I urge you really to go through your education. Most of you I think have gone half way. Really. Might as well go all the way and grab that piece of paper! If I had the chance to take all the wealth and so called fame and glory that I have right now, and buy back 15 years of life, but keep the knowledge that I have now and relive the physique I had 15 years ago and trade places with you right now. I would make that trade in a heartbeat, really. I dropped out school when I was…maybe in grade 10, and ever since I set put into the so called business world. There has not been a day that has gone by without me hating myself regretting that I did not fully commit to my education. Maybe fine arts, agriculture, architecture, ceramics…who knows, I don’t know. MBA. But, I dropped. And every day that has gone by, I do regret. Some of you may not feel it right now. But that diploma when you are trying to close a deal with someone, it means just that much more. When you are trying to convince someone to an idea, concept, something new, that piece of paper will just mean that much more and people will judge you, and they’ll doubt you that much less. That is reality, and it has been hard for me but…so I think I’m here to hopefully convince you to go through, go to the education, go all the way, grab that piece of paper before you leave. OK? Do not walk the path I’ve ever gone through. So for the people who did not know, I have been running a so called post production business for the past 9 years. And that’s what I do apart from the acting or the singing part, the entertainment part. There’s also the business part of Nicholas Tse. We are based on Hong Kong right now. We have a sub branch in Shanghai, it’s going very well. We are going to open in Beijing in the end…hopefully the end of May. Can I say that, please? Because we are in a rush and everything is really….so I’m looking at my colleague whether we can pull it off at the end of May. When I say post production it’s actually to a lot of people a very foreign term. So what is post production? Post-production is… I mean but by audio dubbing, online editing, offline editing, compositing, animation, com puter graphics…all that good stuff. Actually, everything you see right now on television, advertising, was, or in the cinema, or even in the internet. Every visual image you see right now is actually…it has…it should have undergone the process of post-production in order to achieve a certain standard of broadcast quality. And just by saying that I’m very very happy to say that it has already obvious very high demand, or else I will not be here today. And so…for a more visual explanation of what I do, I woul d like to show the company reeland…These are some of the brands that we do represent in Hong Kong or in the mainland China right now. Some of you may recognize or may not recognize it. OK?Thank you. That’s some of these brands that we represent at the moment, but…what you have just seen is the pretty side of the production. I would actually like to show you some of the before and after as to actually how we make a living. So what I’m about to show you, is a…something called the Canon G12 model. It is an advertisement shot 2 years ago by a very famous crew. But, why don’t I show you.Here you see in front of the green screen, just a…it’s merely a model holding a camera. And all it is…it’s just actually a track back show of this model…it’s quite not up to the entertaining part…This is the source that we got when we first accepted this project. We have taken the initiative to talk to the producer and director and say…hey, why don’t we do something more interesting and something that is to the next level…graphic wise and so…can we show the next layer? So with audio and visual enhancement…each layer by layer you can see that inch by inch…this is what we do to enhance the visual effect…for the outcome…After 1160 and some more layers and modelling put onto thi s image, you got the finished product…that’s it. All right, that’s one more full version or finished version.There you have it. And that’s what we do for a living. For people do not know, post production… that’s we do, and…so any question so far? Why don’t I ask you a question. Who in here wants to be successful? Raise your hand if you wanna succeed. Coz I sure as hell do. What’s preventing you from raising your hand? Anyway, second question, and the more important: who’s lying? Because I’m pretty sure you out there and you ask people, “who wants to be successful?” 99% of people would tell you, I want to succeed. I want to be the best basketball player; I want to be the best hockey player; I want to be the best artist, engineer, whatever…They will talk. But most of you want to succeed. But are you truly being honest to yourself? Whereas you found your passion, you know your strength and weaknesses, where to place yourself in the market, how you want people to see you and how to project yourself in a market. I founded this company because, at the age of 22 and 3, between that time, I was on set, on a movie set. And, I saw the director go up to the CG, computer graphics guy in the department and ask them… could we… actually, I wanna do this… take the computer graphic image and do this… and, he hesitated, froze, and I thought, wow…So, that stalled for an hour or so, but, ticking, tick tick tick, all that is money. And he called back to his headquarters, and asked for the allowance to say: They want to do this and that, so can we please…After days of freezing, multimillion dollars was lost during that process. And at the time I wasreleasing a lot of music videos, I was doing a lot of concerts, and advertisement and movies, I wanted to enhance the visual e ffects myself, and I thought wow, this should be our realm. That’s our profession, why are we doing so poor in it?So then, if some of you may have read through my interviews, that I did sell my property, for a certain amount of money to invest in this business. I started off with 4-6 people, and I bought 1 or 2 second hand machines to start it off. And, luckily, I am here today. But, what message I wanna get through is, it seems like Nicholas Tse gambled everything away for the future. I didn’t. It is a gamble, but, before I bought those second hand machines, I actually calculated and talked to a few producers and we signed contracts for 3 movies, 2 advertisements, and 3 music videos so that we’d cover my one and a half years overhead, ahead of time. So i f I was to fail, I somewhat had a safety net, that I won’t just kill myself because I sold my house, sold everything, what I have left. So I did have a bit of a safety net. I don’t want to give the wrong message out to the public that ‘he just sold everyth ing, so we can do that too.’ Please do not.Alright, so, when I was saying, be honest to yourself if you want to be successful, because, some of us say we want to be successful but, we don’t wanna succeed more than we wanna sleep. We don’t wanna succeed more than we look cool，and go to the …. tonight , we don’t want to succeed more than hanging out with friends，going to a cinema，you must be honest to yourself and find your automatic passion, so therefore, are you willing to sacrifice all these temptations to prevent you from practicing your art? I don’t believe the saying of practice makes perfect, to me, there is no perfection, there should always be room for improvement, practice to me, practice makes permanence, you will only have a much higher probability not to mess thing up, but there is no perfection. That’s to me. Any questions so far?These 3 guys are actually really intimating right now, because it feels like that at any moment they’re gonna chuck some intellectual question like ninja’s darts.GIRL: this is the question from us.BOY: you basically answered about half of question already, soNIC: because the angle you sitting, the angle you sitting,Q: So, really thanks for your brief introduction, and a warm welcome to today’s Asi an leadership series again, so just before our conversation begin, would you prefer us to call you NIC or just Nicholas (yes…) so, ah, NIC, as we know that you have established a very successful companyand we know, we have saw a sample work from Canon, we want to know what is the greatest challenge when you starting up your company?NIC: The greatest challenge really is to earn trust of clients at the age of 23,because it is a human natural instinct not to believe in someone 10 or 20 years, younger than you, and to establish that trust is a reputation, but that together, it takes time. And we started offer really miniture size work, and earned the trust of some directors and said, you know, are you guys ready go to the next level?I personally say yes, bu t then what I’ve learnt is that saying yes doesn’t mean anything, because no one wants to fall, and it is a cruel world out there. People will start blaming stuff, and say well, nic, he screwed it up, it’s not me.So, what I’ve done, what I change to these years, I don’t say yes any more, I go back and ask my team do you think do this ,and if so, why don’t we do a 30 seconds demo to shut their mouth , So the hardest part, the hardest challenge is to, I think for any business is to earn the trust. actually, mentioning that, I myself, I ,ever since I was little, I love Hong Kong action movies, I still do, I really do, it’s all my passion ,being honest to myself, I love action movies, and I am willing to put my life on the line, literally, if it takes, and to protect HK action. So 10 years ago ,I made myself a promise, that if I’m gonna be in this business, I wanna, I wanna be an action star, at least participate in one of Jack Cheng’s cool movies, or the Jet Li movies or the Donnie Yen movies. I will show you this, actually, it is more a present to my son, it is a 2 minutes video for his first birthday, some of my favourite stunts, please do not try this at home, because what you’re about to see for the next 2 minutes, I have been training for12 years, and a l ot of luck is involved, that’s why I’m saying practice only makes permanence, because the more I do this in this chance, I will die.Jumping from 41st floor is not that wise, but I did that 19 times.Yea, and that was only one or 2 feet away from breaking my neckThat’s the Convention Centre.It’s funny they say you can put these paddings on, but wherever you hit, it never hits the pad, it hits you.NIC: Now I tell you my son will not understand this message for another 20 years.Thank god I’m still here one piece, but that’s how far I’m willing to go for what I love. Of course, I’m not asking you to go jump off buildings.Q: I’ve actually seen this video about ten times. (really?) yeah! It still gives my goose bumps every time I watch it. It’s very emotionally touching, but shifting the focus on these students, and you have definitely found your passion, but how would advise us for finding our dreams and our passions?NIC: like I said, I think be honest to yourself. So, I don’t think anyo ne can answer that question for you, it’s what you feel every day, you have to live with it, you have to smell it, you have to feel it, you have to touch it, it’s everything around you, something that never bores you, I guess, if you are hesitating for som ething, give it a second thought, but I’m here mainly to trial and error, and I guess that’s part of life,you only start losing things when you start growing, but that’s contradictive, philosophical part of life ,so like when we 12 ,we are so eager to be 18 and say that I am old enough to stay up, I am old enough to go clubbing, I am old enough to click the porn button, but ,but when you do get older, like I am now, we lose the standard, we stared losing a lot of reflexes, speed, power, all of that, the n, we start treasuring stuff, but ,what you love the most, ask yourself, I don’t think anyone can really tell you that question ,or the answer.Q: well, but like sometimes if we find our own dream, we may not follow, like we cannot listen to our hearts ,because our social norms, or expectations from our parents, so what if I, can you give us students on really pursuing on your dream and stick to your mind.NIC: I don’t think anyone, unless your dream is something that is so destructive that you’re hurti ng someone else, I don’t think anybody would stop u from pursuing your dreams, right? if it’s something constructive, or something we don’t normal, I would say, it should be OK, you are not trying to kill someone, and ,and make a statement ,that’s what I d id in my stunts, you know ,I didn’t just go about talking to the director saying, I wanna do action movies, someone jump off. I trained, and I start going little stunts, I started to train weapons, my fitness, the whole thing, it has to start from scratch, so you want to prove someone wrong, prove them wrong.Q: regarding this as Asian leadership series for you, we invite you to talk about your passion, your leadership experience, then what do you think is the one key leadership quality that you think is the most important to you to success?NIC: one of the most important leadership qualities, I think, is to know yourself, and to place the correct people in the correct position, you know, really, after I’ve started this company, a lot of people say, they ask me, right to the point, what the hell do you know about post production?And, to be honest, if you ask me to sit in front of a multimillion dollar machine, and ask me to … will I do as my staff, I will not. I will fail. I will crash. But, I don’t kn ow how many of you follow football, but for example, let’s say, last night Chelsea and Manchester United play a game, see we’ve got people’s reactions now.The manager of Manchester United, MR. Ferguson, he is not going on the field doing corner kicks and free kicks and the taking ball, he is placing the correct people in the correct position, if Rooney scored a goal, is it purely Rooney’s glory that he scored the goal, or was it also because MR Ferguson placed him in the correct position, so he had the chance to be assisted then to score? So I think to place correct people in correct position to do their work, do the jobs, and to inspire, to dedicate, to motivate, all that together seam through your staff. Being honest to yourself, your work and your staff. All the things together, I think is good.Q: Speaking of your human resources, cooperation, we have about 350 students sitting here today, and they might just happens to be interested to applying for your company. (feel free, please, please, please) J ust maybe! Just maybe! So, For qualities of your employees, what’s your specific qualities of your employees you’ll be looking for?NIC: Creative thinking. Because in a business like ours, it’s imperative, that every job is unique, we cannot duplicate jo bs. Actually I’m not quite happy with my business model because of that, because it makes very tough. We’re not in a job, where robots and machines, can just keep printing and make money of that product. Each job is unique. So when I look for people, in our staffs, I look for creative thinking, motivation, energy that they want to bring into the image, and of course, technique, and maybe some inward sense or talents.Q: You have many staffs in your company, so how do you encourage creative thinking in your company?NIC: We have over 130 staff now, and after opening Beijing we might raise the number a lot. I actually, I participate in their daily routine of their lives. It might surprise you, but actually sometimes I cook for them. I make them desserts. Some of you may have read on newspapers we just had just went on a pretty fancy vacation. Do you have the video here? OKI gained weight.Q: That’s a very amazing trip. As we can see from the video, we know that you actually have a very good relationsh ip with your employees, your workers, I’m wondering what is your company’s philosophy regarding work. Do you often go to overseas trip with your employees?NIC: Yes, I do. Yes, I do. I try to participate as much as I can. And…trips like this is very good to come by these days, and I’m not just throwing a multi-million dollar trip for them and say hey, you know, take this, go and enjoy yourself. You got to be part of it. You got to be live through their eyes, see what they are going through, solve the problem before it actually hits the rock. Before the collision starts, solve the problem and you will earn the utmost respect. The difference I think between a world class company and mediocre company…if you are feared, your staff will only work as hard as to do not get fired, but if you are respected, not only will you have staff, you have a team. Not only you have the team, you have an army. And they will go that extra mile, they will push that extra mile for you, for the company. And that is the difference between a world class company and…just…that’s not bad.Q: You’ve mentioned earlier that trust is important in your company, so how do you build trust with your employees among Shanghai, Beijing, and Hong Kong.NIC: We have a…we actually take turns. We send some of our senior partners and our senior engineers up to mainland China, and we trained new people. Our business is actually very creative and human based business, whereas we need a lot of people. That’s whereas the next challenge for me lies, is to find people like you, who are young, who have potential to enhance better graphics. And have that motivation to say “I can take this up to the next level.” I think the whole business is…I think the whole world is asking for people like you right now. Ste ven Spielberg in 2011, last year, and now he’s decided he is gonna dump in 1.5 billion dollars into Shanghai, doing post production in dream works. To me, yes, that is scary, that is a big pressure, but I’m happy that…just to know that there’s such a high demand, so therefore…supply is also needed, so…Q: Could you explain to us your vision statement of your company?NIC: We or I, myself, I hope to…I really hope to give something back to the society in terms of visualize since I’ve been in this entertai nment business for over 14 years now. I want to give something back to what is being broadcasted and to…this is my time to but re-educate the next generation, my kids, to know what is a better quality, look at Korea, look at Japan. We are always following the footsteps of their images. I think it’s time for us, and that’s why we are here today for Asian leadership, to tell the western people that “hey, I can tell you right now, that if you wantNicholas Tse to do Titanic 3D, I can do it, just give me that time and give me that preparation. Post production alone cannot make a piece of blank paper into magic…We need the whole process of preproduction along with us to merge together, then we can…I’m pretty sure that we can achieve 3D Titanic. Don’t think that we can’t do it. We can. But ultimately…I’m looking for education. If there’s a kid like me, a random kid like me in Hong Kong, that wants to learn about animation or that likes to play video games. I’m sure a lot of you do. You have different angles and vis ions of things that people don’t have. So times that by the number of the population in the whole mainland China. Only if 1 percent of mainland China people wanted to learn animation or post production, that would mean 130 million students. How can we not do 3D Titanic, I’ll do 8D Titanic.Q: We’ve already talked about your vision, and we’ve also talked about how you build trust with your employees, how do you ensure that you share the vision from different offices in Shanghai, in Hong Kong, or in Beijing?NIC: Each year I gave annual speech to them, and so far I’m very very thankful to say that we have reached each year’s goal. We have moved from…Our office was in a basement, a building in Causeway Bay, last year before April 2nd. And after April 2nd we moved to a quite luxurious building right now in Cubus No.1, 5 storey building. But…what is means, each year we’re meeting our goals, and then two years ago, I announced that we are the first company to cross border with mainland China to have a sub branch in Shanghai and in Hong Kong. And we have achieved that goal. And within a year, I’m very proud to announce that we are going to open in Beijing, which is no other company, post company has done in the history of Hong Kong. So for the staff, I always tel l them I’m not asking you to work for me, I’m asking you to work for yourself. And it is important to make them feel like that they are at home; they want to go to work, and they see their future. Not am I only getting the salary paid, Wow…This guy is actually… he’s making every promise come true. And for them, that is so important because they are not… everything is coming true, and they see further. And I think that is very important for everyone.Q: Working in creative media industry, I suppose there could be some divergent opinions amongst your work. When you actually face such type of situation, how would you settle those disagreements?NIC: Uh, well, you know, Post production is really a passive, sadly to say very passive business. We…for the pa st maybe few hundred years, I think post production is to do what we are ordered to do, by the producers or the directors of people who shoot these commercials. But we have managed somewhat to turn it around, to take the initiative… to actually go to the m eeting with the directors, and say, is this what you are trying to achieve or what are you trying to achieve, why don’t we go this way? So now we are participating more into the pre-production to ensure that we’ll get good quality out of the post productio n. That is mainly what we do.。

考研英语二核心词汇accomplishvt.完成(任等)goal n.目的，目；得分球，球tendency n.，向managerial a.理的，管理人的；管理上的，上的implement vt.；完成；履行suboptimization n.局部最化，次化achievement n.完成，到达；成就，成multiple a.多的，复合的n.倍数constraint n.制；制因素，制条件scheme n.划；方案vt./vi.划，筹划attain vt.到达；完成define vt.解，⋯下定；限定，定accompany vt.伴随，陪同；⋯伴奏correctness n.正确，正确性budget n.算vt.把⋯入算；安排，定organizational a.(上)的maker n.制造者；制造商optimal a.最适宜的；最理想的precedent n.先例，前例argue vt./vi.争辨，争，；服predict vt./vi.言；示slimplify vt.化objective n.目，目的a.客的；无偏的profitability n.，得trade-off n.(不能同兼的因素)衡；物物交speechless a.不会的；不的candidate n.候人，候者；者interviewer n.接者；面者entity n.存在，体；一性community n.社区；共同体unintended a.非划中的，非成心的ongoing a.行中的，前的tomakeaguessat猜inpart局部地，在某种程度上indifference n.冷漠；不感趣(to)vague a.模糊的；不明确的skilled a.熟的；有技能的andthelike等等，如此prospect n.展望，景象；［常pl.］前景，前程clarification n.澄清，明criticism n.批；1考研英语二核心词汇notion n.概念；想法，看法personality n.个性；人格；品格interview vt./n.面，采；面，口correspondence n.符合，一致；通信prospective a.期的；未来的unattractive a.无吸引力的；不引人注意的intheway路；碍事pointofview点toseekto追求，争取daytodaywork日常工作exert vt.尽(力)；施加(力等)；行使(等)miniskirt n.超短裙astronomer n.天文学家photocopy vt./n.复印，影印；照相复制本toaskfor求，向⋯要；找toturndown拒；小或低；翻下escape vi./vt.逃跑；防止n.逃跑；逃路，出口toone'sadvantage某人有利punk n.(俚)阿；朋克a.派的intimidate vt.恐吓，恫吓clutch vt./vi.抓住，握tomakesure明，弄确；确信grip vt./n.握，；掌握，控制conservative a.保存的，防腐的；保守的，守旧的totakethetroubleto不辞苦，力toapplyfor申rephrase vt.重新措辞，改用的表示inhand手上有painful a.痛苦的；力的atadisadvantage于不利地位inefficiency n.无效；效能差resume n.摘要，梗概；个人panel n.小neat a.整的；的；整的gravity n.，真；重要性；［物］重力convincing a.有服力的，使人信服的galaxy n.［天］星系，［G-］河系boundary n.分界，界implication n.含意，暗示；，涉及，卷入constant a.永恒的，久不的；常的n.常数companion n.同伴，同事；［天］伴星(=～star)2考研英语二核心词汇neutron n.［物］中子launch vt.射；使(船)下水n.射，(船)下水dwarf n.矮子；［天］矮星twin a./n.双胞胎(的)［Twins］［天］双子座binary a.二，双；二制的n.双(体)；星speculation n.推，猜；投机basis n.基，根据；主要成份；事基地observer n.遵守者，奉行者；察者，者interchangeable a.可交的；可互的daytime n.白天，日observatory n.天文台；了望台collapse vt./vi./n.(使)倒塌，(使)崩；瓦解measurement n.衡量，量explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸；突supernova n.［天］超新星density n.密集度，稠密度；［物][化］密度shrink vt./vi./n.收；小；退，畏marble n.子；大理石a.大理石的，大理石般的thrilling a.令人激的；的，震的StarofBethlehem n.伯利恒〔耶稣降生地〕圣星outer a.外部的mankind n.［用作或复］人MilkyWay河；河系(=MilkyWaygalaxy) AlbertEinstein因斯坦(美籍德国理物理学家) operate v.运，起作用；手；操作；toresearchinto研究microscopic a.微的；微的；微小的，微的speculationabout关于⋯猜concerned a.有关的；关切的，担忧的largely ad.大量地；主要地astronaut n.宇航unlikely a.未必可能的；靠不住的swallow vt.吞咽n.燕子solar a.太阳的，日光的；利用太阳光的glitter vi.光，n.光whereas conj.而，却；反之revolve vi.旋；toswallowup吞没，耗尽cloudless a.无云的，晴朗的lesser a.小的；更少的；次要的3考研英语二核心词汇planet n.行星WhiteDwarf［天］白矮星tomakeuseof利用crowd n.群，人群vi.聚集，群集plateau n.(［复］plateaus或plateaux)高原asarule通常；一般来weaken vt.削弱，减弱vi.弱parliamentn.会，国会；［P-］会whilst conj.(=while)当⋯；然而；然，尽管aboveall首先，首要debate vt./n.争，vi.⋯行争，injection n.注射；注射，criterion n.准，准prosecute vt.⋯起，告euthanasia n.无痛楚的死亡；安死nationwide a.全国性的ad.在全国范内deteriorate vt./vi.(使)化Dutch a.荷人的；荷的n.荷人；荷request vt./n.求，要求agreatmany很多lethal a.致死的tropical a.的；炎的coloured a.有色的legal a.法律上的；合法的Dutchman n.(［复］Dutchmen)荷人religion n.宗教；宗教信仰circumstancen.［pl.］情况，境；境遇ensure vt.保，担保oppose vt.反，对抗；使相，使抗(to)sensitive a.敏感的；灵敏的，感光的optvi.抉，(for)，在⋯之tomake requestfor要求⋯council n.理事会；委会healthcare n.保健burden n.担；任，vt.使重担；麻tradition n.；例hospice n.(晚期病人)收容所moving a.活的，移的；人的，令人感的prohibition n.禁止；禁令beopposedto反elderly a.老的，人中年的n.近老年人4考研英语二核心词汇consideration n.考；体，照 disabled a.残的；使失去斗力的 shorten vt./vi.短，小；减少 vulnerable a.易受的，弱小的；易受 ⋯攻的 paternalistic a.家式治的；家作的foundern.始者；造者 tobeaffectedwith 患有⋯疾病 totake...intoaccoun t 考到 todebateon 关于⋯行 needfor ⋯的需要 individualn.个人，个体，独立位a.个人的；个的 toopenup 翻开；开，开辟，开；坦地 conspiracy n.阴，密；阴集，阴帮派appointvt.任命，委任(as)；定，指定 TheNetherlands荷(=Holland) WilfredvanOijen威弗雷德·范·奥仁(人名) unfaira.不公平的，不公正的 entryn.入；入口；登，条目，目 privilege n.特vt.予⋯特 CeesvanWendeldeJoode 思·范·万德·德·尤德(人名)tooptout(of)决定不参加⋯，决定(从⋯)退出 AndrewFerguson安德·福格森(人名) meritn.点，；功，功 seniora.年的；大学四年的n.年者 graduatev.(使)(大学)n.大学生，研究生 biasn.偏v.［常用被］有偏 privatea.私人的；私的；秘密的，私下的 escalator n.自扶梯 tohave...atheart 某事十分关心 headmastern.(中学或小学的)校CicelySaunders 茜西莉·桑德斯(人名) employment n.使用；雇佣；，工作 profession n.(尤指力或受的)networkn.［］网眼物；网状物，网 leadinga.的，指引的；最重要的，主要的 publishvt.出版，刊印；公布，表 old-boyn.老同学；(招呼用)老朋友，老弟，老兄primea.最初的，根本的；主要的；最好的 fiercelyad.凶猛地，凶残地；猛烈地 onaverage 平均visionn.想像力，幻；力，；眼光5考研英语二核心词汇elitist n.杰出人物a.杰出人物(治)的ivy n.常青藤applicant n.申人，求者toblame...for⋯某人remedial a.治的，治上用的；救的elite n.精英，杰出人物a.杰出的，精英的excellence n.秀，杰出classless a.无的；不属于任何的toamountto到达，；相当于，等于bynature生来，天生，就其本性而言competitive a.争的，比的academic a.学院的，学会的；学的equivalent a.相等的；等价的n.等价(物)；additional a.附加的，追加的；另外的beworthdoing得做⋯abolishvt.除(法律，等)；取消entrance n.入；入口，口；入，入会，入学performance n.行；表，工作性能；演出，演奏recruit vt./vi.征募(新兵)，吸收；充n.新成replicate vt.重复；复制accessible a.易接近的；易受影响的(to)；可理解的ClareBolderson克莱·博德森(人名)folk n.人；［口］家属，属a.民的DonClaxton唐·克莱克斯(人名)punishment n.，，刑；折磨，害disaffection n.不inhumane a.不人道的，残忍的civil a.国民的，民用的；国内的，民的union n.工会，会；合，合distinct a.与其他不同的，独特的；明的musician n.音家；作曲家rock'n'roll n.，舞musically ad.在音方面；好听地；悦耳地blues n.布斯；慢四步舞liberty n.自由，自由；冒昧，失礼；特，特rhythmic a.有韵律的；有奏的transformation n.化，化；改造，改革AlvinBronstein阿文·布朗斯坦(人名) Alabama阿拉巴(美国州名)tocallup打；使想起，使起towatchover看守，照管，6考研英语二核心词汇argument n.争，；据，理由Huntsville亨茨(城市名，位于阿拉巴州北部) Georgia佐治(美国州名)Arkansas阿肯色(美国州名)inunison完全一致地deny vt.否认，否；拒接受，拒予toilet n.盥洗室；所eyewitness n.目者；人UnitedKingdom合王国weed n.草，野草vt.除草，拔草ditch n.沟，沟渠vt./vi.开渠；筑渠circus n.，技；，技interstate a.［主美］州的unison n.一致；gapn.裂口，裂racial a.种族的racist n.种族主者a.种族主的；种族歧的shackle n.［常pl.］；［pl.］束，枷Singapore新加坡；新加坡；新加坡市spokesman n.言人；代言人plantation n.种植园，大；植造林BBC英国播送公司correspondent n.物；新通，者，通信者gang n.一，一族；一群，一帮ThePhilippines菲律(国)；菲律群re-introductionn.重新采用，重新引入LydiaGarcia莉迪·加西(人名)Kumari里(人名)SriLanka斯里卡degrade vt.降，低；堕落；退化concession n.步；特；租界，租界地immigration n.移居；外来的移民toconvict...of明⋯有罪，宣判⋯有罪breadwinner n.养家糊口的人tobringover把⋯来；使bedeservingof得；得besupposedtoshelfn.(壁橱，橱内)板；架子deserving a.得的，得的(of)immigrant a.移民的，民的n.移民，民kingdom n.王国；域7考研英语二核心词汇Filipinon.菲律人()a.菲律人的；菲律的convict vt.明⋯有罪(of)；宣判n.罪犯execute vt.行，行，完成，；将⋯死foreigner n.外国人Saudi n.沙特阿拉伯人a.沙特阿拉伯(人或)的leaflet n.小叶，嫩叶；，活maid n.少女；侍女，女仆incidence n.影响程度，影响范；生率despite prep.尽管，任凭deport vt.逐出境employee n.雇，雇工status n.情形，状况；地位，身份minimum n.最小量；最低限度a.最小的；最低的guilt n.有罪；内疚Stanford(美国)斯坦福大学WalterEllis沃特·埃利斯(人名)Oxford牛津；牛津大学passport n.照Oxbridge牛津大学和大学；校之学生Harvard(美国)哈佛大学Cambridge；大学domestic adj.家庭的，家的；国内的n.家仆，佣人sexually ad.在性方面Briton n.大不列人；英国人abuse vt./n.用，妄用；虐待，凌辱JohnRae翰·雷(人名)diplomat a.外交家；外交官statistics n.数字，料；［用作］学exploit vt.开，开采；利用；剥削abroad ad.到国外；在国外Princeton(美国)普林斯大学lvyLeague常春藤合会；名牌大学的Yale(美国)耶大学campaign n.役；运v.参加运，参加活Berkeley伯克利；加利福尼大学伯克利分校Westminster威斯敏斯特France法西，法国JohnMajor翰·梅杰(前英国首相)slavery n.奴隶制度，奴役；奴隶身份eclecticism n.折衷主imitator n.模仿者8考研英语二核心词汇guitar n.六弦琴，吉他jazz n.爵士Negro n.黑人a.黑人的amplifier n.放大器electronics n.［复］［用作］子学electronic a.子的youthful a.反的readily ad.意地；很快地，容易地sentiment n.感情，情；感lighting n.照明，照明studio n.工作室；播音室，演播室；影制片厂originate vi./vt.源；生，起synthesis n.合，合成consciousness n.意，知；悟instrument n.器；器passive a.被的；消极的participant n.参加者a.参与的limitless a.无限制的，无限的ballroom n.舞spontaneous a.自的，本能的，自的；出自自然的penetrating a.穿透的，穿的；深刻的，透的thereby ad.由此，从而multimedia a.多种手段的；多媒体的n.多媒体totakeon具有；担任(工作等)；雇佣thematic a.目的，主的；主旋律的symphony n.交响曲，交响；交响，交响音会fruitful a.有成果的，有收的BobDylan伯·狄traditionalist n.主者；因循守旧者painstaking a.苦干的；力的totakeover接管，接任；把⋯从一运到另一invariably ad.不地SanFrancisco旧金山(或称三藩市)inspire vt.鼓舞；使生灵感creative a.造性的Beatle［theBeatles］披士preliminary a.的；初步的n.初；conception n.概念，念improvise vt.即作；准，凑成output n.量；出JeffersonAirplane杰弗机(美国名)9考研英语二核心词汇handle n.柄，把手vt.运用，操；，管理notebook n.笔本composer n.作曲家theme n.目，主；主旋律totakeplace生well-establisheda.固定下来的；得到确的constructive a.建的，建性的conventional a.例的，常的；(等)因的atastretch不断地forthesakeof了⋯之好；了⋯的目的diversified a.多化的sonority n.响亮，洪亮inadvance在前面；先toserveas适合Palestrina帕莱斯特里(意大利作曲家)temper vt.［治］使回火，；合clavichord n.(音)弦古琴inasense在某种意上HugoWolf沃夫(奥地利作曲家) experimental a.的；的sake n.故summarize vt./vi.概述，tobelongin入(、范畴等)FranzSchubert舒伯特(奥地利作曲家) inotherwords句Beethoven多芬(德国作曲家)completeness n.完整，；完成，束well(-)tempered脾气好的；(器)到平均律的Itgoeswithoutsayingthat不言而，理所当然evident a.明的，明白的mold n.(=mould)模子；模型vt.用模子做，harmony n.，和；融洽，一致automotive a.自的，机的；汽的increasingly ad.不断增加地calculator n.算者；算器reduction n.减少，减小；降，降；，并frame n.构架，框架expose vt.使暴露，使面；揭露，揭appliance n.用，适用；用具，器械EdgarVarese瓦雷(法裔美国作曲家) Debussy德彪西(法国作曲家)10考研英语二核心词汇Moussorgsky 穆索斯基(俄国作曲家) robotics n.机器人学，机器人技 robot n.机器人；自控制装置 spray n.水花； vt.；涂 vi.；散 efficiency n.效率；成效，效能，力 prevalent a.流行的，普通的cast vt.投，扔；投射；造n.投，；模具 weld vt./n.接radiationn.放射，光；放射物，射，射能 personnel n.全体人，全体；人事(部)WellTemperedClavichord(巴赫)?平均律琴曲集? Gesualdo 杰阿多(意大利作曲家) Bach 巴赫(德国作曲家) radioactive a.［原］放射性的；放射引起的 install vt.安装Berlioz 柏(法国作曲家，指家及音家) inbetween 在中；每隔；在⋯期shade n.，阴影vt.遮蔽，遮光fireman n.消防 light-sensitive a.光敏的inquestion 正被的critical a.批(性)的；要的，关性的， 危急的 digital a.手指的，指状的；数字的，数的housekeeper n.管理家的主；女管家plentyof 大量的；丰富的 specific a.特有的，特定的；具体的，明确的 toexposeto 暴露；面；曝露 brightness n.明亮，晴朗；敏，机灵automatic a.自的；无意的，机械的grayscale 灰度 attendant n.侍者，服；出席者 assemble vt.集合；装配 vi.集合 calculation n.算，算果；仔考camera n.照相机，影机 reprogramme v.再次(重新)定程序inthat 在于，原因是scale n.刻度，表度；模；比例(尺)；天平switch n.开关，器v.；接通或切断⋯流 defective a.有缺点的；有缺陷的 intensity n.烈，烈completio n.完成，束；完n11考研英语二核心词汇reliability n.可靠性forecast vt.，；示speculate vi.思索；推vt.投机；思索，推radon n.fault n.缺点，毛病；，失；［地］断subside vi.沉淀；沉降；平静下来，平息，减退arthquake n.地震onthealert警戒，于戒状seismic a.地震precede vt.先于⋯，比⋯先vi.在前面，先giant n.巨人；巨物，巨大的物 a.巨大的tosetup立，建立；建立，提出Guatemala危地拉radium n.datum n.(［复］data)料，材料；数据Chile智利up-to-datea.最新的，代化的；直至目前的earning n.警告；警a.警告的eastern a.方的，部的；向方的，来自方的toworkon从事⋯；⋯有影响partial a.偏袒的，偏心的，⋯偏袒；局部的underground a.地下的；秘密的ad.在地下；蔽地shift vt./vi.替；移n.，移；班decay vi./vt.(使)腐朽，腐；衰n.腐；衰analyze vt.分析occupation n.占；占有；satisfaction n.意，足recognition n.出；承，公positive a.确的；极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的Garm加姆(俄国城市)underlie vt.支撑；构成(理，政策，行等)的基stressful a.的，力重的renewal n.更新；重新开始impart vt.把⋯分；予(to)attach vt.固定住，系；附加，隶属；使喜CharlesRichter斯·里克特leadership n.；［称］人Haicheng海城(中国宁省城市)urban a.城市的，都市的research n.研究，vi.，研究loom vi.呈；逼近12考研英语二核心词汇portray vt.描；描写；描述possession n.有，有；［常pl.］占有物；relaxation n.松弛，放松；和，减；休养California加利福尼(美国州名)SanAndreasfault(美)圣安德烈斯断relevant a.切的，中肯的；与⋯有关的(to) desirable a.满意的，合意的，理想的acquire vt.得，得到motivatevt.作⋯的机，激overestimate vt.高估；高价elusive a.避的；以捉摸的，以理解的wayside n.路a.路的beconcernedwith关于，涉及；忙于⋯；关心，关切oversupply vt./n.多供tricky a.狡猾的，耍花招的；以理的adjustment n.整flexible a.柔的，柔的；可通的，灵活的attainment n.到达，到达；［常pl.］成就，造slip vi.滑，滑；溜，溜走vt.使滑realistic a.的，的；主的underestimate vt.低估；看weekly a.每周的ad.每周(一次)n.周刊，周toput...touse使用；利用toattachimportanceto⋯很重要participation n.参加，参与totaketo开始从事；养成⋯的；培养⋯的好project n.，划；目vt.方案，划；投射berelevantto与⋯有关quicksand n.流沙readjustment n.再整理，再整onthepartof就⋯而言appointment n.任命；会communicator n.播者，播工作者toset...asobjective把⋯作目tohangup把⋯挂起来；挂断()；延，拖延lag vi.走得慢，落后n.落后，滞后freshman n.新手，生手；大学一年学生tolookaheadto向前看；展望未来routine n.日常工作a.日常的；例行的；常的deem vt.，相信jet n.射；嘴；气式机，气机13考研英语二核心词汇inflexible a.不可弯曲的；不可改的，固的flight n.行，翔；航班，班机；逃跑，退physiological a.生理的，生理学的kid vt./vi./n.弄，开玩笑；欺，哄uptodate最新的，新式的；切合目前情况的toallocate...for分配⋯；配regulatory a.章的；的assignment n.分配，委派；任，(外)作crash a.急的，速成的tofallbythewayside半途而，中途退出toworkout作出；制定出tokid...intodoing欺⋯去做⋯temptation n.引，惑faithfully ad.忠地；如地tothrowoff扔掉；脱adjust vt.整，；校准tostickwith持；emergency n.急情况；突事件reset vt./n.重新安排，重sweat n.汗vi.出汗vt.使出汗regulate vt./n.管理；external a.外在的，在外的discrepancy n.差异；不一致internal a.内部的，内在的；国内的periodicity n.周期性，性excretion n.排泄；分泌hormonal a.荷蒙的，激素的palm n.手掌instantaneously ad.瞬地；即刻地rhythm n.韵律，格律；奏transport vt.运n.运mechanism n.［机］机构，机制；作用程timer n.，定器destination n.目的地，点timing n.的；，定secretary n.秘；；部，大臣cortisoln.［生］皮(甾)醇alarm n.警；惊恐vt.向⋯警；打suprachiasmatica.超(染色体)交叉的negotiation n.判，商bodily a.身体的，肉体的14考研英语二核心词汇proceeding n.程序，程；目，活，会文集overcome vt.；克服Vichy希(法国中部城市)expectation n.期待；估寿命unlovable a.不可的；不人喜的resistanceto⋯的阻力upwards ad.向上；向上升Sweden瑞典toapproximateto与⋯接近wealthy a.富裕的；丰富的infant n.儿，幼儿a.儿的，幼儿的lovable a.可的，人喜的esteem vt./n.尊敬，尊重Austria奥地利parenting n.父母孩子的养育Northern北revision n.修，修改tothefore在前面，到前面；在著地位manageable a.易管理的slippery a.滑的；滑的lengthen vt.使延vi.，延伸neglect vt.忽，忽略；疏忽n.忽略；疏忽cope vi.付，妥善理(with)continued a.的，的demographer n.人口学家tone n.音，音色；腔，气；声，Wales威士acknowledge vt.承；表示感paradox n.似非而可能是的点；自相矛盾的classify vt.把⋯分，把⋯分等；把⋯列proportion n.比率，比例vt.使成比例，使相称tofallapart四分五裂；崩experiential a.的；凭的resettlement n.重新定居，重新安置appreciation n.欣，；正确价；感谢，感salient a.突出的，凸起的；著的birthrate n.出生率liability n.任，；，；不利条件alter vt./vi.改，改dependency n.附属；依(on)gathering n.聚集；集会15考研英语二核心词汇advantageous a.有利的，有助的inactive a.不活的；不活的betrueof符合于⋯，⋯适用todate到目前止fore ad.在前面a.先前的；在前部的n.前部aged a.年老的，老的elsewhere ad.在；向northwestern a.在西北的，向西北的；来自西北的approximate a.近似的，大的v.近似，接近；使接近demography n.人口学toattendto心；注意；照pharmacological a.物学的，理学的asfreshaspaint精神JohnFosterDulles杜勒斯(美国国卿)nowthat()既然，由于toleave...alone不管，不理；听其自然assumption n.假定，想；承当，采取toadvantage有利地，有效地fluctuation n.波，起伏promote vt.促，；提升，升；起，mid-afternoona.下午三点左右的feasible a.可行的，可能的span n.指距，跨距；一段neutral a.中立的；中性的WhiteHouse白(美国官邸)，美国政府intime及；于Guam关(美国在西太平洋的重要海、空基地) synchronize vi.同生，同步vt.使同步WashingtonD.C.盛(市)［美国首都］effecton⋯的作用wakefulness n.醒，不眠AswanDam阿斯旺水Johnson翰(美国第36任)fluctuate vi.波，起伏；vt.使波，使起伏outofstep步伐不一致；不toblame...on把⋯咎于focal n.焦点的contrary a.相反的，相的，与⋯相反(to) illusion n.；幻illustration n.明；例，插infrequent a.很少生的16考研英语二核心词汇inefficient a.无效的；效率低的mislead vt.把⋯路，使⋯或做distraction n.精神散，精神不集中；消遣，retention n.保持；保存finance n.政，金融；，金distractvt.分散(注意，心思等)；使人分心appreciate vt.欣，；正确价，；感谢duration n.持；持trick n.；作moderate a.中等的，适度的；温和的，有制的hinder vt.阻止；阻碍(from)exceptional a.例外的；异常的，特殊的distractor n.分散注意力的西motivation n.机；力remedyn.治；救(法)vt.治，救adversely ad.相反地；不利地，有害地typical a.典型的，代表性的fade vi.凋，枯萎；(色)褪去vt.使褪色productivity n.生率；丰，多fearful a.可怕的，吓人的；害怕的，害怕的monopoly n.断；statistically ad.在方面tobreakup打碎；束；散；散开；分解foolproof a.傻子都懂的；不会出毛病的overturn vt./n.打翻；推翻，覆，vi.翻身intherunning参，参加automatically ad.自地；性地competitor n.争者；手temporarily ad.地，地monopolize v.断；transfer vt./vi.移；改n.移，，moderation n.温和，适度；和，减tocarryon，行；tocomeintopower上台；开始掌majority n.多数，大半；多数党，多数派opposition n.反，对抗；立，意相反dominant a.占的；支配的peaceful a.平静的，安宁的；和平的，和平方式的running n.跑，跑；outofpower失力anaesthetics n.麻醉学17考研英语二核心词汇infavourof成，支持；⋯的利益，有利于inpower掌的，政的inevitable a.不可防止的，必然(生)的legislation n.立法；法律，法rivalry n.争；抗inevitably ad.不可防止地，必然地impacton⋯之影响JamesCarville詹姆斯·卡congressman n.(［复］congressmen)(美)国会GeorgeMcGovern治·麦戈文Ohio俄亥俄州(美国州名)assaultn.攻，；()冲，突，WarrenHarding沃·哈定GeorgeBush治·布什collectively ad.体地；集体地nominate vt.提名；任命；命名JimmyCarter吉米·卡特RossPerot斯·佩GeorgeWallace治·莱士parliamentary a.会的，国会的Clinton比·克林(BillClinton)electorate n.全体民；区RonaldReagan德·里根LittleRock小石城(美国阿肯色州首府) dominance n.，控制，治contest n.争，比；争，争；争，争JohnAnderson翰·安德森DistrictofColumbia(美)(D.C.)哥比特区dozen n.一打，十二个；十来个，十几个poll n.；民意vt.得到票vi.投票electoral a.的toidentify...as把⋯看成impact n.冲，碰撞；影响vt.装，decline vi.下降；衰退vt.拒n.下降；衰落provision n.供，供品；条款，定；养rating n.等，格；()收率voter n.人，投票人constitutional a.法上定的；成的，构成的representative n.代表，代表人a.典型的，有代表性的presidencyn.(或校)(，任期)；管headquartersn.司令部，指部；部，店18考研英语二核心词汇pursue vt.追赶；追求，求；行，从事congress n.国会，会；参院，上院strategically ad.略上地，具策略地House n.［英］院stirvt.拌；激起vi.走；活n.惊strategy n.略；策略district n.区，行政区；地区，区域strategist n.略家economy n.；overwhelming a.倒之的democratn.民主主者，民主人士；民主党党representationn.描写，表；代表，代理tostandnochance没有可能；没有希望vote n.，投票；票，票vi.投票，withdraw vt.收回，提取；撤退vi.撤退；退reinforcement n.增，加固；化loyalty n.忠；忠心totakeadvantageof利用；占⋯廉价crisis n.危机；决定性刻tangible a.可触摸的，可感知的；确的，真的fold vt./vi.折叠；折n.褶(痕)republican a.共和国的；共和党的n.共和党党outcome n.果，局；出路，出口tocopewith付；理election n.；noother...than除⋯外没有，只有；正是，就是worthless a.无价的，无用的；缺乏道的，不可取的appropriate a.适合的，恰当的，相宜的toactout将⋯表演出来；(用行)表示出来inconsiderate a.不替人考的；不体人的nomination n.提名；任命attribute n.属性，特征；vt.把⋯因与(to)presidentiala.(校)的；(校)的democratic a.民主的，民主主的nominee n.被提名者；被任命者ultimately ad.最后，最地certainty n.一定；必定winner n.者，者；成功者misleading a.引入歧途的；使人解的dosen.(一次)量thalidomid n.［］立多胺e19考研英语二核心词汇cell n.胞；小房，人牢房replace vt.把⋯放回(原)；更，以⋯替代tube n.管；子管，真空管；［英］地suitable a.适宜的；适当的irresponsible a.无任感的，不任的vaccine n.牛痘苗；疫苗a.牛痘的；疫苗的replacement n.复位，复；替，代替eventual a.最后的，局的irrelevant a.不相干的，离的，与⋯不相干developmental a.展的，开的；促使成的partly ad.局部地；在一定程度上rabbit n.兔biomedical a.生物医学的refinement n.精，精制unethical a.不合理的；不合道德的disordern.混乱；失，紊乱vt.使混乱；使失simulate vt.假装，冒充；模仿，模ethics n.理学；理，道德准toxicity n.毒性polio n.［医］脊髓灰炎，小儿麻痹症undergo vt.，受；忍受diabetes n.糖尿病reproduce vt.繁殖；再生；复制；再，重becentralto⋯极重要的todoexperimenton用⋯做toaimfor瞄准；以⋯目DavidMorton大·莫(人名) tosacrificeto向⋯献祭；⋯而牲；⋯而失去toteston⋯行ColinBlackmore科林·布莱克默(人名) Birmingham伯明翰(英格中部城市) beirrelevantto与⋯不相干；不切humanity n.个性，博，仁慈；人negative a.否认的；的，阴性的n.底片；数refine vt./vi.提，精制；使改，雅literal a.精确的，如的；逐字的，字面的going n.行状况a.行中的；行的regeneration n.新生，再生，复remark vt./vi.，，n.，看法delightful a.令人高的；人喜的pet n.物，畜a.的，表示昵的20todoresearchinto行⋯的研究考研英语二核心词汇paralyse vt.使麻痹，使；使无力，使气regrow vt.再生，重新生coming a.正在到来的，即将来到的n.来到，到达litter n.干草；乱无章；一(仔畜)vt.草touching a.人的，使人感的prevail vi.；流行，盛行unreasonable a.不道理的；不合情理的，度的individualistica.个人主(者)的contemplate vt.注，凝；沉思afflict vt.使苦，折磨starve vi.死；挨；极需，渴望vt.使挨grant vt.同意；准予n.同意，授予；款imperative a.必要的；命令的，制的；祈使的sustain vt.支撑，承受住；供养，持stricken a.被打中的，被的；受灾的，受侵的tobringout使，示；生，使生totake...forgranted真；当然toattach...to使⋯与⋯相关，把⋯附加到deficiency n.缺乏，缺乏reliefn.(痛苦，迫等)减，慰；救deprive vt.去，剥；使失去(of)ownership n.有；所有，所有制plea n.求，求；托contented a.足的，意的donation n.捐献；送goingsandcomings来往；活，生的事kwashiorkor n.［医］性养不良症serene a.安的；宁静的starvation n.；死devotion n.献身，忠tobreakinon(upon)打；打断，spur vt.鼓励，鞭策n.踢刺；刺激，鼓励，鼓舞confront vt.面，遭遇；正，抗atease自在的，舒适的sensitivity n.敏感性；灵敏度maladjustme n.失；不适境ntwaylay vt.伏；住⋯intellectual n.知分子a.智力的，理智的inner a.内部的，里面的；思想的n.内部；里面compensatory a.的，的21考研英语二核心词汇not(never)foramoment通常；多半notthat...并不是initial a.最初的，开始的；首的n.首字母toseizeholdof抓住；占有daydream vi./n.白日做梦habitual a.性的，以常的；常的inventor n.明者，造者detail n.，情vt.述，明tofeelbitterat⋯恨topleafor求；求muse vt./vi./n.沉思，冥想enhance vt.提高；增equilibrium n.平衡，均衡，相称；均；平静symptom n.病症，征兆painter n.漆工；画家tosubstitute...for用⋯代替⋯toputoff延期；消除trace n.痕迹，踪迹；微量，少vt.跟踪，找well-beingn.健康；福利，幸福dreamlike a.梦一般的，梦幻的toletgoof放手；放开effortless a.不作努力的；不力的，容易的excitement n.刺激；investmentn.投；(，精力的)投入modest a.虚的，恭的；适中的，不分的vividly ad.明地；生地midst n.中，当中prep.(=amidst)在⋯当中creativity n.造性thinker n.思想家；思考者inreality上，事上toexcess分，度，量impoverished a.困的，赤的undisturbed a.不受干的；宁静的steadily ad.固地；定地tune n.曲；和，vt.音；使合，reflection n.反射，反映，映像；深思，考becontraryto与⋯相反character n.性格，品；特性；人物；符号，()字surrounding n.周的事物；境 a.周的drift n.漂流；，向vi./vt.(使)漂流；漂泊beunawareof不知道⋯，没察到⋯22考研英语二核心词汇Seine塞河(法国北部河流，流巴黎)befreefrom没有⋯的；不受⋯的todreamof梦；梦想FlorenceNightingale南丁格JohannesBrahms勃拉姆斯(33-97年，德国作曲家) JoanFreyberg·弗雷伯格(人名)IsaacNewton牛(英国物理学家，数学家和天文学家) ConradHilton希(美国旅巨)JeromeSinger杰姆·辛格(人名)CesarFrank弗克(法国比利作曲家)todrawon用做来源，依靠；近perchance ad.［古］偶然，意外地；可能，或atsea在海上，在航海中；迷惑，茫然HarryS.Truman杜(美国第33任)inone'smind'seye在海里beconfrontedwith面，面toaddupto和是；［口］起来意味着toimpress...on使⋯，牢HenryKaiser(美国家)bebeneficialto⋯有益togoover越，渡；仔toputaside放在一，撇开存togazeat凝，注HarryEmersonFosdick福斯迪克dreamer n.做梦的人；空想家unhappy n.不快的，愁苦的；不幸的acronym n.首字母略veteran n.老兵，老手；退伍人a.丰富的miserable a.悲惨的；可怜的sleepy a.困倦的，嗜睡的definitive a.决定的，确定的；限定的，明确的psychology n.心理学；心理evolve vt.使展，推vi.展；化eyeball n.眼球respectively ad.各自地，分地surprisingly ad.惊人地；出乎意料地correlation n.相互关系，关plus prep.加，加上a.正的；附加的eludevt.(巧妙地)逃避，避administration n.管理，；行政，行政机关volunteer n.志愿者；志愿兵a.志愿的vi.志愿23考研英语二核心词汇primarily ad.首先，起初；首要地，主要地physiology n.生理学identity n.同一，一致；身份，本体differ vi.不同，相异(from)；与⋯意不同link n.，系vt.用接；系merry a.的，愉快的far-fetcheda.的；未必会的，靠不住的namely ad.即，也就是ThomasRoth托斯·斯(人名)compel vt.迫(to)influenceon⋯的影响compulsion n.制，迫Cincinnati辛辛那提(美国俄亥俄州西南部城市) MiltonKramer弥·克莱默(人名)division n.分开，分割；除(法)；部，科，formerly ad.以前，从前boring a.令人的location n.定位，位；位置，所cobbler n.鞋匠reinforce vt.增援，支援；加，增加tobreakinto分成(局部)antithesis n.偶，(修辞学)句；立，立面voluntary a.自愿的，志愿的；自的eliminate vt.排除，消coincide vi.一致，相符(with)laborer n.者；工人clerkn.事，公；(美)店undertake vt.着手做，行；承当，从事，答enjoyable a.愉快的；快的；有趣的rightly ad.公正地，正当地；适宜地，恰当地coronary a.冠的；冠状的n.冠状脉efficiently ad.效率高地；有能力地manual a.手的，用手(操作)的；体力的n.手册infinitely ad.无限地，无地ataguess凭猜tocoincidewith相符，一致tighten vt./vi.(使)；gamble vi./vt.博；打；投机n.博；冒attitudetoward(s)⋯的度；意inthestrictsense在格的意上ritualize vt./vi.(行模式)式化24考研英语二核心词汇 warfaren .争，作，交；斗争，争 of...importance 有⋯重要性 toget/sinkone'steethinto 死死咬住；真待，全神注于amusementn.，消遣 HannahArendt·阿特(人名) unchanginga.不的 aptlyad.恰当地，切地；灵巧地 togoinfor 参加，从事；以⋯趣，好 of...interest 有⋯趣sofaras...knows 就某人所知 grouse n.松aristocracyn.族治；族 phrase n.短，；用workmann.工人，者 aristocratica.族的；族式的 dueln./vi.决斗；(双方的)斗争 of...value 有⋯价curtailvt.截短，短；削减 cargon.船，物 clipboardn.簧子的写板 disapprovaln.不成；不可 seriesn.一系列，；，套；［］串 vaina.徒的 subtlea.精巧的，精妙的；微妙的，以捉摸的 competitionn.争；比 studied a.深思熟的；成心的，蓄意的longshoremann.装卸工人 varieda.各种各的；色的，斑的 coinn.硬，vt.造(新) tossvt.抛，；使vi.，簸 cadren.干部；基构 excessive a.多的，分的subtlyad.精巧地，精妙地；微妙地，以捉摸地 outrage n.暴行；慨vt.⋯施暴；激怒 vengeance n.仇，复slacka.散的；行的vi.松懈n.淡季 white-collara.白的，从事力的discreditvt.使不可置信n.失信；不信，疑 stopwatch n.(跑用的)跑表vt.用秒表定hell n.地，阴；用以咒或表示怒，不assembly n.集合；集会，与会者；装配，装25encounter vt./vi.遭遇，遇到n.遭遇，冲突；偶然相totossacoin硬；(与某人)硬以作决定togotohell鬼去(人用法)onandoff不；断断地，歇地tocutdownon赶上；振作；遵守；，保持atpresent在；目前tositdownon反tokeepup假设；只要withavengeance猛烈地；度地toapplyoneself减少⋯之消耗量tohaveanedge付去todoone'sbest尽全力；尽量totake...easy松一点；勿太toplayintosb.'shands某人方便；有利于某人todowith理；忍受inlargemeasure很；大半；大局部solongas具有toputanendto束或除某事inreturn作回torobsth.某人之物onoccasion有，或toexpectsth.ofsb.某人有某种期望todowithout没有⋯也行；将就，法response n.作答，答复；响，反invain无效地；无果地；徒然yearinandyearout一年一年地，年复一年recorder n.者；音机Howcome...?怎么会⋯?totakeafreeride免搭convince vt.使确，使信服；使inseries串路的；成串的allege vt.断言，宣称Frederick弗雷德里克·泰勒withaviewtowards(/to)以⋯目的microcassette n.微型卡式音hysterical a.病的，歇斯底里的；患病的capture vt.捕；得，占n.捕，捕物activate vt.使活，使起作用shocking n.令人震惊的，人听的threateninga.威(性)的，凶兆的prosecutor n.起人；察官，公人26belonging n.［常pl.］所有物；行李grab vt./n.攫取；抓取vi.攫取；抓住(at) persistently ad.持地；固地beloved a.⋯所的；的n.心的人，人jaw n.，device n.装置，器械；方法，手段compassion n.同情；怜(for)attacker n.攻者excerpt n.摘，vt.摘，引用miniature n.，小型物a.微型的，小型的profound a.深刻的，奥的avail vt./vi.有利，有助n.好，用onone'shead罪于某人，(任)落到某人身上materialism n.［哲］唯物主，唯物；物至上toconvincedosth.服某人做某事NewJersey新西州(美国州名)tocommenton⋯smother vt./vi.使窒息；抑制；死n.烟；窒息to/ofnoavail完全无用，毫无效果Camry汽牌名resonance n.回声，反响；共振，共MichaelLaSane麦克·拉森(人名)foster vt.鼓励，促；养育 a.收养的KathleenWeinstein思琳·温斯坦(人名)persuasion n.服，服TomsRiverHighSchoolSouth市南姆斯河中学Toyota(日)丰田汽公司suspect vt./vi.疑有；推n.嫌疑犯，可疑分子hiker n.徙步旅行者heartbreaking a.使人心碎的juvenile a.青少年的n.青少年merchant n.商人countyn.(英国)郡；p.a.system(=publicaddress)system有播送系solicit vt.求；求wrath n.怒，慨incapable a.无能力的；不能的(of)repressive a.的；抑制的。

常春藤联盟（IvyLeague）介绍常春藤联盟（Ivy League）An association of eight universities and colleges in the northeast United States, comprising Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Princeton, the UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, and Yale.常春藤联盟由美国东北部七所大学及一所学院所组成。

它们为布朗（Brown）、哥伦比亚（Columbia）、康乃尔（Cornell）、耶鲁（Yale）、哈佛（Harvard ）、宾州（Pennsylvania）、普林斯顿大学（Princeton）、及达特茅斯学院（Dartmouth）。

除康乃尔大学外，其他学校均创设於美国革命之前，而且每所学校的入学标准均非常严格。

这些学校的社会与运动竞争性纪录始於十九世纪末期。

盟校的构想酝酿於1956年，名校定立运动竞赛规则时，亦定订了常春藤盟校的规章。

常春藤盟校选出校长、运动主任、及其他一些行政主管，让他们定期聚会讨论各校间共通有关入学、财务、援助、及行政方面的问题。

常春藤联盟声誉很多学校还在特别的领域内拥有很高的学术声誉，例如：- 哥伦比亚大学的法学院、商学院、医学院和新闻学院；- 康乃尔大学的酒店管理学院和工程学院；- 达特茅斯学院的塔克商学院（Tuck School of Business）；- 哈佛大学的商学院、法学院、医学院、教育学院和肯尼迪管理学院；- 宾州大学的沃顿商学院、医学院、护理学院、法学院和教育学院；- 普林斯顿大学的伍德鲁·威尔逊公共与国际事务学院；- 耶鲁大学的法学院、艺术学院、音乐学院和医学院；由于其悠久的历史和所培养出的精英人材，常春藤盟校是全世界接受捐款最多的大学。

所有8所学校收到的捐款总值都超过10亿美元，而除了布朗大学之外其他7所学校都收到几十亿美元捐款。