昆明理工大学356城市规划基础2020年考研真题

昆明理工大学2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)考试科目代码：503 考试科目名称：风景园林设计作图试题适用招生专业：风景园林学考生答题须知1．请按《准考证》和《招生简章》规定的作图纸进行答题，考生姓名和考生编号写在图纸底部的右下角，写在其它地方的按作弊卷处理，后果由考生自己负责。

2．请使用规定的作图用笔进行答题，没有特殊要求的全部用铅笔进行绘制。

3．不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

设计场地平面图昆明理工大学2013年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：503 考试科目名称：风景园林设计作图考生答题须知4．请按《准考证》和《招生简章》规定的作图纸进行答题，考生姓名和考生编号写在图纸底部的右下角，写在其它地方的按作弊卷处理，后果由考生自己负责。

5．请使用规定的作图用笔进行答题，没有特殊要求的全部用铅笔进行绘制。

6．不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

设计场地总平面现状图昆明理工大学2014年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：503考试科目名称：规划设计作图考生答题须知7．请按《准考证》和《招生简章》规定的作图纸进行答题，考生姓名和考生编号写在图纸底部的右下角，写在其它地方的按作弊卷处理，后果由考生自己负责。

8．请使用规定的作图用笔进行答题，没有特殊要求的全部用铅笔进行绘制。

9．不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

昆明理工大学2015年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：503考试科目名称：规划设计作图考生答题须知10．请按《准考证》和《招生简章》规定的作图纸进行答题，考生姓名和考生编号写在图纸底部的右下角，写在其它地方的按作弊卷处理，后果由考生自己负责。

11．请使用规定的作图用笔进行答题，没有特殊要求的全部用铅笔进行绘制。

12．不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

昆明理工大学2016年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：503考试科目名称：规划设计作图考生答题须知13．请按《准考证》和《招生简章》规定的作图纸进行答题，考生姓名和考生编号写在图纸底部的右下角，写在其它地方的按作弊卷处理，后果由考生自己负责。

2020年云南昆明理工大学工程力学考研真题A 卷一、判断题（正确的在括号中打“√”,错误的在括号中打“×”。

每空1分,共15分 ） 1、若力系中各力的作用线在同一个平面内,该力系称为平面力系。

（ ） 2、质点系动能的变化等于作用在质点系上全部外力所作的功之和。

（ ） 3、纯弯曲的梁,横截面上只有剪力,没有弯矩。

（ ）4、应用平面任意力系的二矩式方程解平衡问题时,两矩心位置均可任意选择,无任何限制。

（ ）5、作用于刚体上的力可平行于作用线移到刚体上任一点。

（ ）6、线应变是构件中单位长度的变形量。

（ ）7、一般情况下,梁的强度由极限应力控制。

（ ）8、若物体内各点的应变均为零,则物体无位移。

( )9、连接件产生的挤压应力与轴向压杆产生的压应力是不相同的。

（ ） 10、杆件整体平衡时局部不一定平衡。

（ ） 11、静定对称截面梁,无论何种约束形式,其弯曲正应力均与材料的性质无关。

（ ） 12、单元体切应力为零的截面上,正应力必有最大值或最小值。

（ ） 13、梁的横截面上作用有负值弯矩,其截面中性轴上侧各点受到压应力作用,下侧各点受到拉应力作用。

（ ）14、空心圆杆受轴向拉伸时,在弹性范围内,其外径与壁厚的变形关系是外径增大且壁厚也同时增大。

( ) 15、低碳钢试件在拉断时的应力为其强度极限。

（ ）二、填空题（每题2分,共30分）1、受力物体上的外力一般可分为主动力和 两大类。

2、杆件受到一对大小相等、转向相反、作用面与轴线垂直的外力偶作用时,杆件任意两相邻横截面产生绕杆轴相对转动,这种变形称为 。

3、EA 称为 抗拉压刚度 ,反映了杆件抵抗 变形的能力。

4、提高梁强度和刚度的主要措施有： 、 、 。

5、组合受力与变形是指 。

6、保持扭矩不变,长度不变,圆轴的直径增大一倍,则最大切应力τmax 是原来的 倍,单位长度扭转角是原来的 倍。

7、圆截面梁,保持弯矩不变,若直径增加一倍,则其最大正应力是原来的 倍。

2020年云南昆明理工大学单考英语考研真题A卷Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20 points, 1 point each)Direction: In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1.You ______________ park here! It’s an emergency exit.A.wouldn’tB. needn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t2.The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money______________ me.A.byB. forC. inD. with3.He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found______________ of them again.A.neitherB. eitherC. eachD. all4.The book has been translated into thirty languages since it ____________ on the market in 1073.A.had comeB. has comeC. cameD. comes5.To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions ______________ had used the products.A.whoeverB. whoC. whicheverD. which6.This restaurant has become popular for its wide ______________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A.divisionB. areaC. rangeD. circle7.After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide______________ for the homeless families.A.accommodationB. occupationC. equipmentD. furniture8.In this lecture, I can only give you a purely ______________ view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.A.privateB. personalC. uniqueD. different9.Mistakes don’t just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes ______________.A.favourableB. preciousC. essentialD. worthwhile10.If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my ______________ reaction will be to tell the police.A.physicalB. immediateC. sensitiveD. sudden11.Niagara Falls is a great tourist ______________, drawing millions of visitors every year.A.attentionB. attractionC. appointmentD. arrangement12.The hopes, goals, fears and desires ______________ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.alter B. shift C. transfer D. vary13.It is our ______________ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A.consistentB. continuousC. considerateD. continua14.Between 1974 and 1997, the number of overseas visitors expanded ______________ 27%.A.byB. forC. toD. in15.He is ______________ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.A.outstandingB. optionalC. optimisticD. obvious16.His writing is so ______________ that we can't clarify his ideas in first reading.A.obscureB. objectiveC. obligingD. obstacle17.He gave his ______________ for new marketing procedures.A.representationsB. presentationsC. commentsD. memoranda18.I hope you ______________ all the material before you make the final decision.A.will have readB. will readC.will be readingD. would have read19.Hello! You ______________ be the assistant. I’m Mr. Munroe.A.ought toB. shouldC. couldD. must20.You have no right ____________________ to read what is written inside.A.indeedB. actuallyC. whatsoeverD. anyhowPart II Cloze (10 points, 1 point each)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Most people give little thought to the pens they write with, especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very 21 things are handwritten. All too often, people buy a pen based only on 22 , and wonder why they are not satisfied 23 they begin to use it. However, buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not 24 if you keep the following in mind.First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 25 to use. The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic 26 comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 27 hand and thicker fingers, you may 28 a fatter pen. The length of a pen can 29 influence comfort. A pen that is too 30 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable.21.A. many B. few C. pleasant D. important22.A. looks B. reason C. value D. advantages23.A. once B. if C. because D. though24.A. convenient B. practical C. strange D. difficult25.A. heavy B. easy C. hard D. safe26.A. taking B. finding C. determining D. seeking27.A. stronger B. weaker C. smaller D. larger28.A. prefer B. recommend C. prepare D. demand29.A. hardly B. also C. never D. still30.A. thick B. light C. long D. softPart III Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points each)Directions: In this part there are 3 passages. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your choice on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.Professor John Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St. Andrews University, said his first-year lectures—which are open to students from all departments—were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250. “There are a larger number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn‘t traditionally done,” he added.University applications rose 7% last year, but there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed interest in careers in the public sector, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said, “It’s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that’s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.31.Professor John Beath’s lectures are ______________.A.given in a traditional wayB. connected with the present situationC.open to both students and their parentsD. warmly received by economists32.Careers in the public sector are more attractive because of their ______________.A.greater stabilityB. higher payC. fewer applicationsD. better reputation33.In the opinion of most parents, ______________.A.economics should be the focus of school teachingB.more students should be admitted to universitiesC.the teaching of financial matters should be strengthenedD.children should solve financial problems themselves34.According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngsters ______________.A.wiser in money managementB. have access to better equipmentC.confident about their future careersD. get jobs in Child Trust Funds35.What’s the main idea of the text?A.Universities have received more applications.B.Economics is attracting an increasing number of students.C.College students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty.D.Parents are concerned with children’s subject selection.Passage 2Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.Certain microorganisms cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release poisons that make people sick. Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms. When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish ban be poisonous.Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.36.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Food when poisoned can make people sick.B.Food poisoning means death.C.Food poisoning comes in varieties.D.Food poisoning can be serious.37.We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning ________________.A.are always accompanied by a feverB.are too common to be notedC.can be noticed within hoursD.can be ignored38.Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT ________________.A.some chemicalsB. low temperaturessome tiny living things D. certain natural materials39.From Paragraph 5, we can learn that ________________.A.mushrooms should not be eatenB.vegetables are safer than meat and seafoodC.natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicalsD.different types of food should be handled differently40.It can be inferred from the passage that ________________.A.Natural materials are safe in food processingB.Chemicals are needed in food processingC.Food poisoning can be kept under controlD.Food poisoning is out of controlPassage 3Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there's a big difference between “being a writer” and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hour alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer”.The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer,I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room ina New York apartment building. It didn't even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadn't gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write, I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn't going to be one of those people who die wondering: What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.41.The passage is meant to ________________.A.warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experienceB.advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writerC.show young people it’s unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fameD.encourage young people to pursue a writing career42.What can be concluded from the passage?A.Genuine writers often find their work interesting and rewarding.B.A writer’s success depends on luck rather than on efforts.C.Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation.D.The chances for writer to become successful are small43.Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career?A.He wasn’t able to produce a single book.B.He hadn’t seen anything for the better.C.He wasn’t able to have a rest for a whole year.D.He thought that he lacked imagination.44.“…people who die wondering: What if?”（Line3, Para 3） refers to “those ________________”.A. who think too much of the dark side of lifeB. who regret giving up their career halfwayC. who think a lot without making a decisionD. who are full of imagination even upon death45.“Shadowland” in the last sentence refers to ________________.A. the wonderland one often dreams aboutB. the bright future that one is looking forward toC. the state of uncertainty before one’s final goal is reachedD. a world that exists only in one’s imaginationPart IV Translation (20 points)A.Directions: Translate the following paragraph into Chinese on the Answer Sheet.(10 points)46.In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem less important because of greater needs: the need to shelter from cruel news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to expose dishonesty or to promote the public interest. At time, doctors see important reasons to lie for the patient’s own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones. “Ours is a profession which traditionally has been guided by a rule that exceeds the virtue of uttering the truth for truth’s sake, and that is ‘as far as possible do no harm.’”B.Directions: Translate the following Chinese sentences into English on the Answer Sheet. (10 points, 2 points each))47.虽然不想参加宴会，他还是接受了邀请。

2020年云南昆明理工大学GIS原理及应用考研真题A卷
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。

请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。

2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。

3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。

4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

一、名词解释（每小题5分，共30分）
1、地理信息系统
2、数字地面模型（DTM）
3、地图投影
4、邻域分析
5、数据字典
6、点状图
二、简述题（每小题10分，共50分）
1、简述地理信息系统的主要功能模块。

2、简述空间数据的基本特点。

3、简述数字地面模型（DTM）的表示方法。

4、解决异构数据库互联有哪些方法？
5、按模型结构分类，地理信息系统有哪些应用模型？
三、辨析题（每小题10分，共30分）
1、信息和地理信息
2、栅格数据结构与矢量数据结构
3、形态分析与地形分析
四、论述题（每小题20分，共40分）
1、试述地理信息系统当前的发展趋势。

2、以某个行业领域为例，阐述3S（GIS\RS\GNSS）集成的应用。

昆明理工大学2020年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)考试科目代码：355 考试科目名称：建筑学基础考生答题须知1（所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。

请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。

2（评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。

3（答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。

4（答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

1、名词与概念解释（40分）（1）雅典宪章（5分）（2）三朝五门制（5分）（3）粗野主义（5分）（4）建筑物之间防火间距计算（5分）（5）居住建筑的无障碍设计要点（5分）（6）建筑结构所受的作用力，可以按照不同的标准划分成多种类型，按照“受力方向”可划分为垂直荷载、水平荷载和其它荷载；如果按“作用时间”划分，会有哪些类型？（5分）（7）门窗的五大性能指标是什么？（5分）（8）卫生间楼地面的构造要点有哪些？（5分）2、简答题（按题目要求进行论述和图解）（40分）（1）试论述柯布西耶在《走向新建筑》一书中的主要建筑观点（10分）。

（2）以高层居住建筑剪力墙结构为例，选择保温层材料为EPS板（膨胀型聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料板），配以图示说明墙体外保温是如何解决的？（10分）（3（传统歇山屋面又称“九脊顶”，其外观类似硬山顶与庑殿顶的结合。

云南傣族传统民居也有某些地区采用该做法，区别在于正脊稍短,下有披檐。

试根据提示简要绘制补充完成单个傣族民居的屋顶平面图和屋顶正立面图，如图（一）(绘图在答题纸上单独完成)。

（10分）某傣族民居采用歇山屋面做法，其屋顶平面外轮廓不规整，如图（二），试根据上述提示，简要绘制完成屋顶平面图和屋顶正立面图(以上两个图屋顶均为同坡屋面，正立面角度如上图提示，绘图在答题纸上单独完成)。

（10分）昆明理工大学2020年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题图（二）昆明理工大学2020年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题三、论述题（70分）（1）林徽因在《论中国建筑之几个特征》中认为：“中国建筑的基本特征在于它的框架结构，这一点与西方的哥德式建筑和现代建筑非常相似”。

昆明理工大学2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)
考试科目代码：625 考试科目名称：城乡规划学基础
试题适用招生专业：城乡规划与设计
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。

请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。

2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。

3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。

4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

第10 页共10 页。

昆明理工大学2019年考研专业课初试真题昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)
考试科目代码：356 考试科目名称：城市规划基础
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。

请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。

2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。

3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。

4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

一．名词解释（30分，共5题，每题6分）
1. 控制性详细规划
2. 城市职能
3. 闾里
4. 增长极理论
5. 历史地段
二．简答（60分，共5题，每题12分）
1. 简要阐述“三区三线”的主要内容及其对于城市空间规划的作用和意义。

2. 简要阐述欧洲中世纪中晚期“自治城市”的主要特征。

3. 简述城乡规划与土地利用总体规划的关系。

4. 简要阐述村庄规划的主要内容。

5. 请简述城市设计的含义、作用及与城市规划的关系。

三．论述（60分，共3题，每题20分）
1.请手绘《周礼·考工记》周王城模式图及维特鲁威理想城模式图，并以此论述我国传统城
市规划思想与西方理想城城市规划思想的异同。

2．请举例论述大学城对于城市发展的积极作用及其现存问题。

3、城市规划的影响要素有哪些？以你熟悉的城市为例，分别阐述其作用和分析方法。

精都考研（）——全国100000考研学子的选择
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