02-二层技术-以太网交换配置指导-以太网链路聚合配置
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目录1 端口隔离配置.....................................................................................................................................1-11.1 端口隔离简介.....................................................................................................................................1-11.2 配置隔离组........................................................................................................................................1-11.2.1 将端口加入隔离组...................................................................................................................1-11.3 隔离组显示和维护.............................................................................................................................1-11.4 端口隔离典型配置举例......................................................................................................................1-21 端口隔离配置1.1 端口隔离简介为了实现报文之间的二层隔离,可以将不同的端口加入不同的VLAN,但会浪费有限的VLAN资源。
【思唯网络】华为以太网链路聚合原理及配置一、组网拓扑二、配置手工模式下Eth-Trunk的建立、成员接口的加入由手工配置,没有LACP(链路聚合控制协议)的参与。
当需要在两个直连设备间提供一个较大的链路带宽而设备又不支持LACP时,可以使用手工模式。
同时手工模式下,所有的活动链路都参与数据转发并分担流量。
1、手动模式配置<HUAWEI> system-view[HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA[SwitchA] interface eth-trunk 1 //创建ID为1的Eth-Trunk接口[SwitchA-Eth-Trunk1] trunkport gigabitethernet 0/0/1 to 0/0/3 //在Eth-Trunk1接口中加入GE0/0/1到GE0/0/3三个成员接口[SwitchA-Eth-Trunk1] port link-type trunk //设置接口链路类型为trunk,接口缺省链路类型不是trunk口[SwitchA-Eth-Trunk1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 5 10[SwitchA-Eth-Trunk1] load-balance src-dst-mac //配置Eth-Trunk1基于源MAC地址与目的MAC地址进行负载分担[SwitchA-Eth-Trunk1] quit2、手动模式配置验证在任意视图下执行display eth-trunk 1命令,检查Eth-Trunk是否创建成功,及成员接口是否正确加入。
[SwitchA] display eth-trunk 1Eth-Trunk1's state information is:WorkingMode: NORMAL Hash arithmetic: According to SA-XOR-DALeast Active-linknumber: 1 Max Bandwidth-affected-linknumber: 8Operate status: up Number Of Up Port In Trunk: 3--------------------------------------------------------------------------------PortName Status WeightGigabitEthernet0/0/1 Up 1GigabitEthernet0/0/2 Up 1GigabitEthernet0/0/3 Up 1从以上信息看出Eth-Trunk 1中包含3个成员接口GigabitEthernet0/0/1、GigabitEthernet0/0/2和GigabitEthernet0/0/3,成员接口的状态都为Up。
目录1 链路聚合配置 ....................................................................................................................................... 1-11.1 链路聚合简介.................................................................................................................................... 1-11.1.1 链路聚合的作用...................................................................................................................... 1-11.1.2 链路聚合的基本概念 .............................................................................................................. 1-11.1.3 链路聚合的模式...................................................................................................................... 1-31.1.4 聚合组的负载分担类型........................................................................................................... 1-41.2 配置静态聚合组 ................................................................................................................................ 1-51.3 配置动态聚合组 ................................................................................................................................ 1-61.4 聚合接口基本配置............................................................................................................................. 1-81.4.1 配置聚合接口描述信息........................................................................................................... 1-81.4.2 配置三层聚合接口/三层聚合子接口的最大传输单元MTU ..................................................... 1-91.4.3 开启聚合接口链路状态变化Trap功能................................................................................... 1-91.4.4 关闭聚合接口 ....................................................................................................................... 1-101.5 配置聚合负载分担模式 ................................................................................................................... 1-101.6 链路聚合显示与维护....................................................................................................................... 1-111.7 链路聚合典型配置举例 ................................................................................................................... 1-111.7.1 二层静态聚合配置举例......................................................................................................... 1-111.7.2 二层动态聚合配置举例......................................................................................................... 1-121.7.3 二层聚合负载分担模式配置举例 .......................................................................................... 1-131.7.4 三层静态聚合配置举例......................................................................................................... 1-141.7.5 三层动态聚合配置举例......................................................................................................... 1-151.7.6 三层聚合负载分担模式配置举例 .......................................................................................... 1-16本文中标有“请以实际情况为准”的特性描述,表示各型号对于此特性的支持情况可能不同,本节将对此进行说明。
目录1 QinQ配置...........................................................................................................................................1-11.1 QinQ简介...........................................................................................................................................1-11.1.1 QinQ的产生背景和优点..........................................................................................................1-11.1.2 QinQ的实现原理.....................................................................................................................1-11.1.3 QinQ的报文结构.....................................................................................................................1-21.1.4 QinQ的实现方式.....................................................................................................................1-31.1.5 VLAN Tag的TPID值可调功能.................................................................................................1-31.1.6 协议规范.................................................................................................................................1-41.2 QinQ配置任务简介............................................................................................................................1-41.3 配置基本QinQ功能............................................................................................................................1-51.3.1 使能基本QinQ功能..................................................................................................................1-51.3.2 配置VLAN透传功能.................................................................................................................1-51.4 配置灵活QinQ功能............................................................................................................................1-61.4.1 配置外层VLAN Tag的添加策略..............................................................................................1-61.4.2 配置内、外层VLAN Tag中802.1p优先级的映射关系.............................................................1-71.4.3 配置内层VLAN ID替换关系.....................................................................................................1-81.5 配置VLAN Tag的TPID值...................................................................................................................1-91.6 QinQ典型配置举例............................................................................................................................1-91.6.1 基本QinQ配置举例..................................................................................................................1-91.6.2 灵活QinQ配置举例................................................................................................................1-121.6.3 VLAN透传配置举例...............................................................................................................1-151 QinQ配置本特性仅在SAP板工作在二层模式时支持。
以太网交换及二层协议培训一、以太网交换概述以太网是一种常用的局域网技术,通过以太网交换可以构建高速、可靠的网络环境。
以太网交换是指在局域网中使用交换机将数据包从一个端口转发到另一个端口,并通过合适的算法来决定数据包的转发路径。
以太网交换可以提供快速的数据转发、广播域划分、数据冲突的避免等功能。
二、以太网交换的基本原理以太网交换的基本原理是通过学习和转发机制实现数据包的转发。
当交换机收到一个数据包时,交换机会根据数据包中的目的MAC地址来学习源MAC地址与端口的对应关系,同时建立转发表。
之后,当交换机收到数据包时,交换机会检查转发表,根据目的MAC地址找到对应的端口,并将数据包转发到对应的端口上。
如此反复,数据包可以在交换机之间快速、准确地转发。
三、以太网交换的优势相比传统的集线器,以太网交换具有以下优势:1.提供更高的带宽:以太网交换可以同时传输多个数据包,大大提高了局域网的带宽。
2.提供更快的转发速度:交换机使用专用的硬件进行转发,而不需要进行广播,因此具有更快的转发速度。
3.实现广播域划分:以太网交换可以将局域网划分为多个广播域,可以减少广播带来的网络拥塞。
4.避免冲突:通过学习和转发机制,以太网交换可以避免数据冲突,提高了数据传输的稳定性和可靠性。
四、二层协议的概念二层协议又称为数据链路层协议,主要用于控制物理链接和局域网内的数据传输。
二层协议是在物理层之上建立的,用于解决数据包的传输问题。
常见的二层协议有以太网协议、令牌环协议等。
五、以太网交换的二层协议以太网交换使用的主要二层协议是以太网协议,它定义了数据包的格式以及数据包的传输规则。
以太网协议在数据包中使用MAC地址来标识设备,通过MAC地址实现数据包的转发和定位。
以太网协议还包括了一些控制帧,用于实现数据链路的控制和管理。
六、以太网交换的改进和发展随着网络的发展,以太网交换也不断进行改进和发展。
其中一项重要的改进是VLAN(虚拟局域网)技术的应用。
链路聚合配置命令
1简介
链路聚合是用于把多条物理链路聚合在一起,组成一个虚拟的高带宽链路以满足以太网网络通信要求的一种技术。
它可以把多条普通以太网复用组装在一起,从而提高网络总体带宽,提高网络应用服务能力,可以使网络运行出色地进行高品质的数据传输。
2链路聚合配置
链路聚合配置主要有以下几个步骤:
(1)配置组成组播块的源接口地址(S)和组播块的接受接口地址(G);
(2)配置原接口的发送数据(Tx)和接收数据(Rx);
(3)配置虚拟接口;
(4)配置聚合之后物理接口的状态;
(5)配置接口的链路聚合及相应的优先级;
(6)配置链路聚合的地址轮转策略;
(7)配置聚合的优先级队列;
(8)配置聚合的模式;
(9)其他配置项设置;
(10)完成配置,将链路聚合激活。
3结论
链路聚合能够通过在两个以太网网段之间跨AR级连接多条以太网链路,以提高网络总体带宽和提高网络应用服务能力。
链路聚合配置是把多条以太网链路按照组播聚合规则,有效地把多条物理链路聚合为虚拟链路的过程,可以非常优化网络使用性能。
目录1 LLDP配置..........................................................................................................................................1-11.1 LLDP简介..........................................................................................................................................1-11.1.1 LLDP产生背景........................................................................................................................1-11.1.2 LLDP基本概念........................................................................................................................1-11.1.3 LLDP工作机制........................................................................................................................1-41.1.4 协议规范.................................................................................................................................1-51.2 LLDP配置任务简介............................................................................................................................1-51.3 配置LLDP基本功能............................................................................................................................1-61.3.1 使能LLDP功能........................................................................................................................1-61.3.2 配置LLDP工作模式.................................................................................................................1-61.3.3 配置接口初始化延迟...............................................................................................................1-61.3.4 配置轮询功能..........................................................................................................................1-71.3.5 配置允许发布的TLV类型........................................................................................................1-71.3.6 配置管理地址及其封装格式....................................................................................................1-71.3.7 调整LLDP相关参数.................................................................................................................1-81.3.8 配置LLDP报文的封装格式......................................................................................................1-81.4 配置LLDP兼容CDP功能....................................................................................................................1-91.4.1 配置准备.................................................................................................................................1-91.4.2 配置LLDP兼容CDP功能.........................................................................................................1-91.5 配置LLDP Trap功能........................................................................................................................1-101.6 LLDP显示和维护.............................................................................................................................1-101.7 LLDP典型配置举例..........................................................................................................................1-111.7.1 LLDP基本功能配置举例........................................................................................................1-111.7.2 LLDP兼容CDP功能配置举例................................................................................................1-131 LLDP配置1.1 LLDP简介1.1.1 LLDP产生背景目前,网络设备的种类日益繁多且各自的配置错综复杂,为了使不同厂商的设备能够在网络中相互发现并交互各自的系统及配置信息,需要有一个标准的信息交流平台。
目录1 VLAN配置 ·········································································································································· 1-11.1 VLAN简介·········································································································································· 1-11.1.1 VLAN概述 ······························································································································· 1-11.1.2 VLAN原理 ······························································································································· 1-21.1.3 VLAN划分 ······························································································································· 1-31.1.4 协议规范 ································································································································· 1-31.2 配置VLAN基本属性 ··························································································································· 1-31.3 配置VLAN接口基本属性···················································································································· 1-41.3.1 VLAN接口简介························································································································ 1-41.3.2 配置VLAN接口基本属性 ········································································································· 1-41.4 配置基于端口的VLAN ······················································································································· 1-51.4.1 基于端口的VLAN简介 ············································································································· 1-51.4.2 配置基于Access端口的VLAN ································································································· 1-61.4.3 配置基于Trunk端口的VLAN ···································································································· 1-71.4.4 配置基于Hybrid端口的VLAN ·································································································· 1-81.4.5 基于端口的VLAN典型配置举例 ······························································································ 1-91.5 配置基于MAC的VLAN ····················································································································· 1-111.5.1 基于MAC的VLAN简介 ·········································································································· 1-111.5.2 配置基于MAC的VLAN ·········································································································· 1-131.5.3 基于MAC的VLAN典型配置举例···························································································· 1-151.6 VLAN显示和维护····························································································································· 1-171 VLAN配置1.1 VLAN简介1.1.1 VLAN概述以太网是一种基于CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect,载波侦听多路访问/冲突检测)的共享通讯介质的数据网络通讯技术,当主机数目较多时会导致冲突严重、广播泛滥、性能显著下降甚至使网络不可用等问题。
目录1 以太网链路聚合配置..........................................................................................................................1-11.1 以太网链路聚合简介..........................................................................................................................1-11.1.1 基本概念.................................................................................................................................1-11.1.2 静态聚合模式..........................................................................................................................1-41.1.3 动态聚合模式..........................................................................................................................1-51.1.4 聚合负载分担类型...................................................................................................................1-71.2 以太网链路聚合配置任务简介...........................................................................................................1-71.3 配置聚合组........................................................................................................................................1-71.3.1 配置静态聚合组......................................................................................................................1-81.3.2 配置动态聚合组......................................................................................................................1-91.4 聚合接口相关配置.............................................................................................................................1-91.4.1 配置聚合接口描述信息.........................................................................................................1-101.4.2 开启聚合接口链路状态变化Trap功能....................................................................................1-101.4.3 限制聚合组内选中端口的数量...............................................................................................1-101.4.4 关闭聚合接口........................................................................................................................1-111.4.5 恢复聚合接口的缺省配置......................................................................................................1-111.5 配置聚合负载分担...........................................................................................................................1-121.5.1 配置聚合负载分担类型.........................................................................................................1-121.5.2 配置聚合负载分担为本地转发优先.......................................................................................1-141.6 配置聚合流量重定向功能................................................................................................................1-141.7 以太网链路聚合显示与维护.............................................................................................................1-151.8 以太网链路聚合典型配置举例.........................................................................................................1-161.8.1 二层静态聚合配置举例.........................................................................................................1-161.8.2 动态聚合配置举例.................................................................................................................1-181.8.3 聚合负载分担配置举例.........................................................................................................1-201 以太网链路聚合配置1.1 以太网链路聚合简介以太网链路聚合简称链路聚合,它通过将多条以太网物理链路捆绑在一起成为一条逻辑链路,从而实现增加链路带宽的目的。
交换机链路聚合技术原理及配置介绍交换机链路聚合技术原理及配置介绍一、 一、 链路聚合技术介绍链路聚合技术介绍以太网链路聚合简称链路聚合,它通过将多条以太网物理链路捆绑在一起成为一条逻辑链路,从而实现增加链路带宽的目的。
同时,这些捆绑在一起的链路通过相互间的动态备份,可以有效地提高链路的可靠性。
如下图所示,Device A与Device B之间通过三条以太网物理链路相连,将这三条链路捆绑在一起,就成为了一条逻辑链路Link aggregation 1,这条逻辑链路的带宽等于原先三条以太网物理链路的带宽总和,从而达到了增加链路带宽的目的;同时,这三条以太网物理链路相互备份,有效地提高了链路的可靠性。
链路聚合示意图二、 二、 两种聚合技术两种聚合技术(一) (一) 端口聚合协议(PAg 端口聚合协议(PAg p, C isco 专有协议)端口聚合协议(PAgp,Port Aggregation Protocol),这是Cisco独有的协议。
可以很容易地在有EtherChannel能力的端口间,自动建立Fast EthernetChannel和Gigabit EtherChannel连接,该协议具有学习相邻端口组动态和信息的能力。
PAgp是EtherChannel的增强版,它支持在EtherChannel上的Spanning Tree和Uplink Fast功能,并支持自动配置EtherChannel的捆绑。
Uplink Fast也是Cisco交换机技术,能够保证交换机在几秒钟内快速从失败中恢复。
(二) (二) 链路汇聚控制协议(LAC 链路汇聚控制协议(LAC P,IEEE802.3a d)LACP(Link Aggregation Control Protocol,链路聚合控制协议)是一种基于IEEE802.3ad标准的、能够实现链路动态聚合与解聚合的协议。
LACP协议通过LACPDU(Link Aggregation Control Protocol Data Unit,链路聚合控制协议数据单元)与对端交互信息。
1.8 以太网链路聚合典型配置举例在聚合组中,只有端口属性类配置(请参见“1.1 4. 配置分类”)和第二类配置(请参见“1.1 4. 配置分类”)都与参考端口(请参见“1.1 5. 参考端口”)相同的成员端口才可以成为选中端口。
因此,用户需通过配置使各成员端口的上述配置与参考端口保持一致,而除此以外的其它配置则只需在聚合接口上进行,不必再在成员端口上重复配置。
1.8.1 二层静态聚合配置举例1. 组网需求• Device A与Device B通过各自的二层以太网端口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1~GigabitEthernet 1/0/3相互连接。
• 在Device A和Device B上分别配置二层静态链路聚合组,并使两端的VLAN 10和VLAN 20之间分别互通。
• 通过按照报文的源MAC地址和目的MAC地址进行聚合负载分担的方式,来实现数据流量在各成员端口间的负载分担。
2. 组网图图1-5 二层静态聚合配置组网图3. 配置步骤(1) 配置Device A# 创建VLAN 10,并将端口GigabitEthernet 1/0/4加入到该VLAN中。
<DeviceA> system-view[DeviceA] vlan 10[DeviceA-vlan10] port gigabitethernet 1/0/4[DeviceA-vlan10] quit# 创建VLAN 20,并将端口GigabitEthernet 1/0/5加入到该VLAN中。
[DeviceA] vlan 20[DeviceA-vlan20] port gigabitethernet 1/0/5[DeviceA-vlan20] quit# 创建二层聚合接口1。
[DeviceA] interface bridge-aggregation 1[DeviceA-Bridge-Aggregation1] quit# 分别将端口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1至GigabitEthernet 1/0/3加入到聚合组1中。
目录1以太网链路聚合配置 ·························································································································· 1-11.1 以太网链路聚合简介·························································································································· 1-11.1.1 基本概念 ································································································································· 1-11.1.2 静态聚合模式 ·························································································································· 1-41.1.3 动态聚合模式 ·························································································································· 1-51.1.4 聚合负载分担类型··················································································································· 1-71.2 以太网链路聚合配置任务简介 ··········································································································· 1-71.3 配置聚合组 ········································································································································ 1-71.3.1 配置静态聚合组 ······················································································································ 1-81.3.2 配置动态聚合组 ······················································································································ 1-91.4 聚合接口相关配置 ··························································································································· 1-101.4.1 配置聚合接口描述信息 ········································································································· 1-101.4.2 开启聚合接口链路状态变化Trap功能···················································································· 1-101.4.3 关闭聚合接口 ························································································································ 1-101.5 配置聚合负载分担 ··························································································································· 1-111.5.1 配置聚合负载分担类型 ········································································································· 1-111.5.2 配置聚合负载分担采用本地转发优先···················································································· 1-111.6 配置聚合流量重定向功能 ················································································································ 1-121.7 以太网链路聚合显示与维护············································································································· 1-121.8 以太网链路聚合典型配置举例 ········································································································· 1-131.8.1 静态聚合配置举例················································································································· 1-131.8.2 动态聚合配置举例················································································································· 1-151 以太网链路聚合配置1.1 以太网链路聚合简介以太网链路聚合简称链路聚合,它通过将多条以太网物理链路捆绑在一起成为一条逻辑链路,从而实现增加链路带宽的目的。