高一英语下册语法专项练习主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)主谓一致指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.(一)语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1.单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐2.用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has e. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.3.不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了.4.用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙.5.each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说6.若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数. 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到More persons than one e to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们.7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人.None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急.8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜.9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词”等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点.(二) 内容一致原则:1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”:The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行车, 今天出售.60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了.Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果都是烂的.Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了.2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到.A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了.3. 加减乘除用单数.如:Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10.4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如:Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离.5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如:The British police have only very limited powers.(2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等.(3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括audience, mittee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如:The mittee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委员会决定解雇他.6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如:The injured were saved after the fire.(三) 就近原则1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:Here es the bus 公共汽车来了.Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几X纸Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢?2. 用连词or, either.... or, neither….nor, not only….but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致. 如:Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事.He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔.注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数.如: Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一.The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中,定语从句的动词应为单数.Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人.主谓一致练习1. About 60 percent of the students _____ from the south, the rest of them _____ from the north and foreign countries.A. are/isB. are/areC. is/areD. are2. Half of the workers here _____ under 30 _____.A. is/yearsB. are/year oldC. is/years oldD. are/years of age3. Now Tom with his classmates _____ football on the playground.A. playB. are playingC. playsD. is playing4. The number of pages in this dictionary _____ about two thousand.A. areB. hasC. haveD. is5. Thirty dollars _____ too expensive.A. areB. isC. wereD. be6. The audience _____ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.A. isB. areC. wasD. has7. The secretary and principal _____ at the meeting now.A. are speakingB. is speakingC. were making a speechD. have a speech8. "If anybody _____, please put down _____ name," said the teacher to the monitor.A. wants to buy the book/hisB. want to buy the book/theirC. will buy the book/one'sD. wants to have the book bought/her9. Nothing but one desk and six chairs _____ in the room.A. areB. is stayedC. isD. are left10. Having arrived at the station, _____.A. it was found that the train had leftB. the train had leftC. the train was found leftD. he found that the train had left11. Between the two roads _____ a TV tower called "SkyscraperTower".A. standsB. standingC. which standsD. stand12. Either of you _____ going there tonight.A. willB. wasC. isD. are13. You as well _____ right.A. I areB. I amC. as I amD. as I are14. All but Dick _____ in Class Three this term.A. areB. isC. wereD. was15. -- Shall I wait here for three hours?--Yes. Three hours _____ to wait for such a doctor.A. are not very long for youB. is not long enough for youC. was not long enough for youD. will be too long for you16. Where to get the materials and how to get them _____ at the meeting.A. have not discussedB. have not been discussedC. has not discussedD. has not been discussed17. I took mathematics and physics because I think that _____ very important for me to make further research in this field.A. what isB. they areC. thisD. which are18. Every student and every teacher _____.A. are going to attend the meetingB. have attended the meetingC. has attended the meetingD. is attended the meeting19. Three fourths of the bread _____ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _____ left on the table.A. was eaten/wereB. were eaten/wasC. were eaten/wereD. was eaten/was20. This pair of shoes _____.A. is herB. is hersC. are hersD. are her21.There ______ no life on the moon.A. is said to haveB. are said to haveC. is said to beD. are said to be22.A group of ______ are eating ______ and ______ at the foot of the hillA. sheep; grass; leavesB. sheeps grasses leavesC. sheep; grass leafD. sheeps grass leafs23.My family raise a lot of _______, including two______.A. cattles cowsB. cows cattleC. cattle cowsD. cow, cattles24.What he says and what he does_______.A. does not agreeB. do not agreeC. does not agree withD. not agree25.The boy and the girl each ______ toys.A. have their ownB. has their ownC. have her ownD. has her own26.She is the only one among the ______ writers who ______stories for children.A. woman, writesB. women writeC. women writesD. woman write27.The railway station is ______from our school.A. two hour`s driveB. two hours` driveC. two hour driveD. two hours drive28.Mike and John`s ______.A. father is a teacherB. fathers are teachersC. father are teachersD. fathers are teacher29.A great deal of talking and listening that ______ under casual circumstance may seem to be aimless.A. is occurredB. are occurredC. occursD. occur30._______ the classroom needs to be cleaned.A. Either the offices orB. The offices andC. Both the office andD. The office and31.Three-fourths of the homework ______today.A. has finishedB. has been finishedC. have finishedD. have been finished32.More than 60 percent of the world’s radio programmes ______in England.A. isB. wasC. areD. be33. ______work has been done to improve the people`s living standard34.The rest of the magazines ______ within half an hour.A.is sold outB.are sold outC.was sold outD.were sold out35.There ______ a lot of sugar in the jar.36. “All ______present and all ______going on well”, our monitor said.A.is isB.are, areC.are isD.is are37.Yesterday the League secretary and monitor ______ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A.isB.wasC.areD.were.38.Mary as well as her sisters ______ Chinese in China.39.The rich______ not always happy.40. ______can be done ______done.A.All, have beenB.All that ,have beenC.All hasD.All that ,has been41.Either of the plans ______equally dangerous.42.The police ______the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A.is searchingB.were searching forC.are searchingD.was searching for43.Your trousers ______dirty, you must have______ washed.A.is itB.are itC.are themD.is them44.The Olympic games ______held every four ______.A.is yearsB.are yearsC.is yearD.are year45.He is the oly one of the students who______elected.46. ______a good enough price for this bookA.Two yuans areB.Two yuan areC.Two yuans isD.Two yuan is47.No bird and no beast ______in the lonely island48.Every means ______prevent the water from______A.are used to pollutingB. get used to pollutingC.is used to , pollutedD.is used to ,being polluted49.Each of the ______in the ship.A.passenger has his own roomB. passengers have their own roomC.passenger have their own roomD.sengers has his own room50.What we need ______good textbooks.A.isB.areC.have51.What you said just now______to do with the matter we are discussing.A.have somethingB.has somethingC.had somethingD.was something52.Either your parents or your elder brother ______to attend the meeting tomorrow.A.isB.areC.are goingD.have53.Neither of the novels which ______popular with us ______been translated into Chinese.A.are hasB.are haveC.is haveD.is has54.Every boy and every girl ______to attend the evening party.A.wishB.wishesC.hopeD.are hoping55._______ has been done.—nine percents of the work B. Half of what he promisedC. Two-fifths of the articlesD. Three quarter of the business状语从句专练1.I get to Pairs,I ll call you up at the airport.2. the headmaster es, we won t discuss this plan.3.Bill must have been away from the office. how many times I phoned him,nobody answered it.4.I had been to Beijing long you visited it.5.,he is good at drawing.A.To be a childB.A child as he isC.As a childD.Child as he ist be discouraged you have fallen behind others.7.We can get there on time the car doesn t break down.A.whileB.as long asC.so thatD.even if8.The vase on the left is than the one on the right,and not .A.more nicer；so expensiveB.much more better；as expensiveC.nicer；as expensiveD.better；such expensive9.It wasn t long he joined the job.A.thatB.beforeC.untilD.and10.These planes can fly than the old ones.A.as fast three timesB.three times as fastC.three times fastD.three times faster11. had the bell rung the students took their seats.A.Hardly；whenB.No sooner；whenC.Hardly；thanD.No sooner；then12. many times，but he still couldn t understand it.A.Having been toldB. Though had been toldC.He was toldD.Having told13. we have e,let s stay and enjoy it.d better do you are required.15. that none of us could follow him.A.He spoke very fastB.So fast he spokeC.Too fast he spokeD.So fast did he speakll start early, it may be dark.17. the baby fell asleep the room.A.After；did the mother leaveB.Not until；did the mother leaveC.Not until；the mother leftD.Soon after；the mother had left18. the day went on,the weather got worse.19.He can t have gone out, the light is still on.20.I was walking along the river I heard a cry for help.21.We shouldn t do that dangerous experiment the teacher is with as.A.if notB.ifC.unlessD.as long as22.He has little education he is unable to find a job.A.such；thatB.so；andC.so；thatD.such；and23.The soldier was wounded，he pushed on.24.The full letter reads follows.25.Will you go our motherland needs us most after graduation?A.thatB.whereC.in whichD.to the place which26.This is a revision paper.When you do it,you d better make a mark you have questions.27.Water power station are built big water falls.A.where there areB.where there haveC.which hasD.which are28.I am sure I ll meet kind－hearted man I go.A.whereB.to the place whereC.whereverD.the place29.She is so good at playing table－tennis that she can hitthe ball she wants it to go.A. the place whereB. thatC. in whichD. where30.It was his mother came in to prepare his lessons.A.not until；did the boy beginB.until；that the boy beganC.until；did the boy beginD.not until；that the boy began分词练习Ⅰ单项选择1. the house on fire, he dialed 119.A.To seeB.SeeingC.Having seenD.Being seen2.I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to e here and get my false teeth .A.fixB.fixingC.fixedD.to fix3.We're to listen to her voice. It's to hear her sing.A.pleased; pleasing; pleasureB.pleased; pleasant; a pleasureC.pleasing; pleased; a pleasureD.pleasing; pleasant; pleasure4. a post office, I stopped some stamps.A.Passed, buyingB.Passing, to buyC.Having passed, buyD.Pass, to buy5. with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all. A.paringB.To pareC.paredD.Having pared6.Here are some new puter programs for home buildings.A.designingB.designC.designedD.to design7. _______a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A.To saveB.SavingC.SavedD.Having saved8.The teacher came into the classroom by his students.A.followingB.to be followingC.followedD.having followed.9.With the money , he couldn't buy any ticket.A.to loseB.losingC.lostD.has lost10.There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn't make mself______.A.being heardB.hearingC.heard11.The result of the test was rather .A.disappointedB.disappointing12.I've never heard the word in spoken English.13. how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.A.Not to knowB.Not knowingC.Knowing notD.Not known14.Deeply , I thanked her again and again.A.being movingB.movedC.movingD.to be moved15.With winter on, it's time to buy warm clothes.A.cameB.esC.e16.______ the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.A.Having shownB.ShowingC.Has shownD.Having been shown17.He went from door to door, waste papers and magazines.A.gatheringB.gatheredC.gatherD.being gathered18.The student corrected his paper carefully, the professor's suggestions.A.followB.followingC.followedD.being followed19.People in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A.liveB.to liveC.lived20.The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn't make his point .A.understandB.understanding21.The scientists were waiting to see the problem .A.settleB.settledC.to settle22.The ground is with leaves.A.covering, fallingB.covered, fallingC.covered, fallenD.covering, fallen23.Lessons easily were soon forgotten.24.The wallet several days ago was found in the dustbin outside the building.A.stolen, hiddenB.stealing, hidingC.stealing, hiddenD.stolen, hiding25.A person a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language all about his own.A.to learn, to forgetB.learning, to forgetC.to learn, forgettingD.learning, forgetting26.different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their quality.A.To produceB.Being producedC.ProducedD.Having produced27.The students in the university are all taking courses a degree.A.ing toB.going toC.leading toD.turning to28.Many things impossible in the past are very mon today.A.considerB.consideringC.consideredD.be considered29. many times, he still couldn't understand.A.Having been toldB.Having toldC.He having been told30.China is one of the largest countries in the world, 9.6 million square (平方)kilometres.A.to coverB.coveredC.covers31."We must keep a secret of the things here", the general said, at the man in charge of the imformation office.A.discussed, stared seriouslyB.being discussed, seriously staringC.to be discussed, seriously staredD.discussed, stared32.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having addedB.to addC.adding33. the position, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the room.A.WritingB.Having writtenC.WrittenD.Being written34.Were you when you saw that wild animal?A.frightB.frighteningC.frightened35.Properly with numbers, the books can be easily found.A.markedB.markC.to mark36.At this moment the bell rang the end of class.A.announceB.announcingC.announcedD.to announce37.He walked down the hills, softly to himself.A.singB.singingC.sungD.to sing38.I had to shout to make myself above the noise.A.heardB.hearingC.hearD.to hear39.The graduating students are busy material for their reports.A.collectB.to collectC.collected40.The cars in Beijing are as good as those in Shanghai.A.produce, produceB.produced, producedC.produced, producingD.producing, producing41.When I came in, I saw Dr. Li a patient.A.examineB.examiningC.to examineD.examined42.①a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly.② a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon.A.Having been givenB.Having givenC.GivingD.Being given43.He wrote a letter to me that his trip to Japan had been put off because of the bad weather.A.sayB.sayingC.saidD.being saidⅡ.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空1.She caught the student (cheat) in exams.2.When I got there, I found him (repair) farm tools.3.When I got there, I found the farm tools . (repair)4.Just then he heard someone (call) for help.5.He worked so hard that he got his pay . (raise)6.The missing boys were last seen (play) near the river.7. (pare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.8.The workers had the machines (run) all night long to finish the work on time.9.People in the south have their houses (make of ) bamboo.10. (lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.Ⅲ.改写下列句子,其划线部分应改为分词短语1.Look round when you cross the street.2.When she heard the news, she burst into laughter.3.As she was still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.4.Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other.5. A cold rain was falling. It was mixed with snow.6.While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.7.The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his littlegrandson.8.The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.9.There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave.10.The worker wrote to the police and disclosed who stole the money.It用法专项训练1. The Parkers bought a new house but _____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. theyB. itC. oneD. which2. I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.A. itB. thatC. theseD. them3. The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting .A．that B．it C．this D．him4. --Do you like ______ here?-- Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so fine.A. thisB. theseC. thatD. it5 I like ______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. thisB. thatC. itD. one6. ---- ______ that he managed to get the information?---- Oh, a friend of his helped him.A. Where was itB. What was itC. How was itD. Why was it7.____ was not until yesterday that he realized that he was wrong.A.ThatB. ItC. ThisD. He8. The young lady at the corner was holding a baby in her arms and ______was crying for some more milk.A. itB. oneC. sheD. who9. Mr. Green kept telling her daughter not to surf the Internet toofrequently, but ______ didn’t help.A. heB. sheC. whichD. it10. --- I saw no more than one motor-car in that shop. Will you go and buy _______?--- No, I’d rather find _______ in other shops.A. one; oneB. it; itC. one; itD. it; one11. I want to know ____: Has Mr. Jones been here the whole morning?A. itB. oneC. thatD. this12. The pacific region will be one of the fastest areas in the world in the 21st century. ______ shouldn’t be any doubt about it now.A. ItB. ThatC. ThisD. There13. Will you see to that the luggage is brought back?A. whichB. itC. thisD. that14. What she said discouraged you, ?A. did itB. didn’t itC. did sheD. didn’t she15.---E xcuse me, I want to have my watch fixed, but I can’t find a repair shop.---I know nearby. e on, I ’ll show you.A. oneB. itC. someD. that16. –Did you find your pen yesterday?–No, I didn’t find . But I’ve bought .A. it; itB. one; itC. it; oneD. one; one17 It is what you do rather than what you say ____matters.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. this18.--- Steven has got the first prize in the maths contest.--- ______ is no wonder that he looks so happy today.A. AsB. ItC. ThisD. That19.--- I hear you’ve written another novel.--- Yes. _______ be out in a month or two.A. That canB. One mayC. It shouldD. The one will20.It is ______of you to cheat in the exam.[参考答案]主谓一致1-5 BDDDB 6-10 ABACD11-15 ACDAB 16-20 DBCDB21-25 CACBA 26-30CBACA 31-35 CCADC 36-40CBCAD 41-45 BBCBD 46-50 DBDDB 51-55 BAABB状语从句专练1－5 C A B A D 6－10 C B C B D 11－15 A C D D D16－20 D B C D C 21－25 C C D B B 26－30 A A C D D分词Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、1.Look round when crossing the street.2.Hearing the news, she burst into laughter.3.Being still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.4.Gentlemen always shake hands when introduced to each other.5.A cold rain was falling, mixed with snow.6.While walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.7.The old man walked slowly, supported by his little grandson.8.The ground covered with white snow looks very beautiful.9.There is a tall tree covering the entrance to the cave.10.The worker wrote to the police disclosing who stole the money.It 的用法1---5 BABDC 6—10 DBADD 11---15 DDBBA 16---20 CABCC。
