21世纪大学英语教案第三册unit7

Unit 7 练习答案P145. Keysluanguage Practice1.1)positive译文:如果你保持积极的状态的话,你会更有创造力并因而取得成功.2)insulted译文:谢尔顿说法官的话侮唇了他,3)negative译文:现在全球变暖有很多负面影响,但我认为最大的问题是全球变暖导玫极地冰盖的融化.4)repay译文:还清贷款需要30年的时间。

5)motivate译文: 要获得成功,你需要找到让你可以紧紧抓住的东西，可以激发你的积极性的东西。

6)shamed译文:他的大度使他们感到羞愧。

7)sacrifice译文:父母们愿意牺牲自己的时间和爱好为他们的孩子提供更好的条件。

8)extremely译文:索马里官方说经济的提升对和平尤为重要。

9)scream译文:当意大利足球队进入足球场时,一些观众开始尖叫起米10)announce译文:我们很抱款地通知大家,来自香港的航斑KA1305晚点。

11)incredibly译文: 这些野花在丽后看起来异常美丽.12)preference译文:我必须说我对古典音乐有偏好13)threaten译文:但是达些新技木也将会威胁到现有的工业,市场和工作。

14)unimaginable译文:这样快的速度在没有火车的时代是难以想象的。

15)pursue译文:他来到莫格兰投身演艺事业。

2,1)No one knows what motivated him to act in such a violent way.2)Her son's affair with a Russian model shamed the whole family.3)The president is calling us not to be cowardly and stand up to face the nation's past.4)She sacrificed family life to achieve her career dream as a famous artist.S)She felt they had insulted her by repeatedly ignoring her questions.译文:但是这些新技术也将会威胁到现有的工业,市场和工作.14)unimaginable译文:这样快的速度在没有火车的时代是难以想象的.15)pursue译文:她来到英格兰投身演艺事业。

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit7课文讲解21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit7课文讲解导语：业余活动有很多，看你喜欢花时间在哪一方面上，下面是一篇关于业余活动的英语课文，欢迎大家阅读。

Pre-reading ActivitiesBefore you listen to the passage1. Take a minute with a partner to match the sports in Column A with the playing areas in Column B. Then in Column C, list all the things (equipment, special clothing, etc.) that are necessary to each of the sports.Column Abaseballbowlinggolfrunningsoccer (football)tennisColumn Balleycoursecourtdiamondfield (pitch)trackColumn C______________________________Now listen to the passage2. Which sport is it about? Compare your equipment list with the equipment mentioned on the tape. What attracts you to the activities that you enjoy in your spare time? How important is it to you to "do them right"?So What's So Bad About Being So-So?Lisa Wilson StrickThe other afternoon I was playing the piano when my seven-year-old walked in. He stopped and listened for a while, then said: "You don't play that thing very well, do you, Mom?"No, I don't. My performance would make any serious music student weep, but I don't care. I've enjoyed playing the piano badly for years.I also enjoy singing badly and drawing badly. I'm not ashamed of my incompetence in these areas. I do one or two other things well and that should be enough for anybody. But it gets boring doing the same things over and over. Every now and then it's fun to try something new.Unfortunately, doing things badly has gone out of style. It used to be a mark of class if a lady or a gentleman sang a little, painted a little, played the violin a little. You didn't have to be good at it; the point was to be fortunate enough to have the leisure time for such pursuits. But in today's competitive world we have to be "experts" even in our hobbies.You can't tone up your body by pulling on your gym shoes and jogging around the block a couple of times anymore. Why? Because you'll be laughed off the street by the "serious runners" — the ones who run twenty miles or more a week in their sixty-dollar running suits and fancy shoes. The shoes are really a big deal. If you say you're thinking about taking up almost any sport, the first thing the "serious" types will ask is what you plan to do about shoes. Leather or canvas? What type of soles? Which brand? This is not the time to mention that the gym shoes you wore in high school are still in pretty good shape. As far as sports enthusiasts are concerned, if you don't have the latest shoes you are hopelessly committed to embarrassing yourself.The runners aren't nearly so snobbish as the dancers, however. In case you didn't know, "going dancing" no longer means putting on a pretty dress and doing a few turns around the dance floor with your favorite man on Saturday night. "Dancing" means squeezing into tights and leg warmers, then sweating through six hours of warm-ups, five hours of ballet and four hours of jazz classes. Every week. Never tell anyone that you "like to dance" unless this is the sort of activity you enjoy.Have you noticed what this is doing to our children? "We don't want that nerd on our soccer team," I overheard a ten-year-old complain the other day. "He doesn't know a goal kick from a head shot." As it happens, the "nerd" that the boy was talking about was my son, who did not — like some of his friends — start soccer instruction at age three. I'm sorry, Son, I guess I blew it. In my day, when we played baseball, we expected to give a little instruction to the younger kids who didn't know how to play. It didn't matter if they were terrible; we weren't out to slaughter the other team. Sometimes we didn't even keep score. T o us, sports were just a way of having a good time.I don't think kids have as much fun as they used to. Competition keeps getting in the way. The daughter of a neighbor is a nervous wreck worrying about getting into the besttennis school. "I was a late starter," she told me, "and I only get to practice five or six hours a week, so my technique may not be up to their standards." The child is nine. She doesn't want to be a tennis player when she grows up; she wants to be a nurse. I asked what she likes to do for fun in her free time. She seemed to think it was an odd question. "Well, I don't actually have a lot of free time," she said. "Homework and tennis and piano lessons kind of eat it all up. I have piano lessons three times a week now, so I have a good shot at getting into the all-state orchestra."Ambition, drive and the desire to excel are all great within limits, but I don't know where the limits are anymore. I know a woman who's been complaining for years that she hasn't got the time to study a foreign language. I've pointed out that an evening course in French or Italian would take only a couple of hours a week, but she keeps putting it off. I suspect that what she hasn't got the time for is to become completely fluent within one year — and that any lower level of accomplishment would embarrass her. Instead she spends her evenings watching TV and tidying up her closets —occupations at which no particular expertise is expected.I know lots of other people, too, who avoid activities they might enjoy because they lack the time or the energy to tackle them "seriously." It strikes me as so silly. We are talking about recreation. I have nothing against self-improvement. But when I hear a teenager muttering "practice makes perfect" as he grimly makes his four-hundred-and-twenty-seventh try at hooking the basketball into the net left-handed, I wonder if some of us aren't improving ourselves right into the insane asylum.I think it's time we put a stop to all this. For sanity's sake, each of us should vow to take up something new this week — and tomake sure we never master it completely. Sing along with grand opera. Make peculiar-looking objects out of clay. I can tell you from experience that a homemade cake still tastes pretty good even if it doesn't look perfect. The point is to enjoy being a beginner again; to rediscover the joy of creative fooling around. If you find it difficult, ask any two-year-old to teach you. Two-year-olds have a gift for tackling the impossible with enthusiasm; repeated failure hardly discourages them at all.As for me, I'm getting a little out of shape, so I'm looking into golf. A lot of people I know enjoy it, and it doesn't look too hard. Given a couple of lessons, I should be stumbling gracelessly around the golf course and playing badly in no time at all. New Wordsso-soa.& ad.(infml) neither very bad(ly) nor very good/well 不好也不坏的(地)momn. (美口)妈妈incompetencen. the lack of skill or ability to do a task successfully 不胜任，不称职* competencen. skill or ability to do a task successfully 能力;称职boringa. dull and uninteresting 乏味的;令人厌倦的leisuren. time free from work or other duties; spare time 闲暇gymn. (infml) (=gymnasium) a room or hall with apparatus for physical exercise 体操馆;健身房gym shoen. 体操鞋，球鞋solen. the bottom part of a shoe or sock 鞋底;袜底a. being the only one; belonging to one and no others 唯一的;独占的enthusiastn. a person who is very interested in sth. 热衷于…的人squeezevt. 1. force or press (sb. or sth. into a small space) 硬塞，硬挤2. press firmly from two sides 挤压，榨n. 1. an act of pressing in from two sides 挤压，榨2. tight economic circumstances 经济困难;拮据tightsn. [复]女用(连)裤袜leg warmersn. [复]暖腿套warm-upn. an act or a period of preparation for physical exercise, a performance, etc. 准备活动;准备练习* overhearvt. hear (sb., a conversation, etc.) without the knowledge of the speaker(s); hear by chance 偷听到;无意中听到goal kickn. 球门球* slaughtervt. 1. kill (an animal), esp. for food; kill (people or animals) violently and in large numbers 屠宰;屠杀2. (infml) defeat (sb.) badly in sports or games (口)使惨败wreckn. 1. (usu. sing) (infml) a person whose health, esp. mental health, has been seriously damaged 受到严重损害的人2. a ship lost at sea; a plane, car, etc. which is badly damaged in an accident 遇难船只;失事飞机等的残骸vt. cause (a ship) to be destroyed; (fig.) destroy, ruin 造成(船舶等)失事;(喻)破坏orchestran. a (usu. large) group of people playing various musical instruments together 管弦乐队limitn. (oft. pl.) the greatest extent of sth. that is possible or allowed 限度;范围vt. keep within a certain size, amount, number, area, or place; restrict 限制;限定limiteda. small in amount, power and not able to increase 有限的tidyvt. make (sb. or sth.) neat or in order 使整洁，使整齐a. neat and in order; liking things to be neatly arranged 整洁的;爱整洁的* recreationn. an activity done for enjoyment when one is not working 消遣，娱乐self-improvementn. improvement of one's character, mind, etc., by one's own efforts 自我改进，自我修养grimlyad. in a determined manner 坚定地;不屈地* insanea. 1. 精神病患者的;为疯人而设的2. (of people or their acts) mad (患)精神病的;精神失常的asylumn. 收容所;精神病院insane asylumn. a mental hospital 精神病院sanityn. the state of having a normal healthy mind; the state of being sensible or reasonable; good sound judgement 神智健全;清醒，明智operan. 歌剧peculiar-lookinga. 奇形怪状的peculiara. 1. odd, strange 奇特的，古怪的2. (to) belonging, relating only (to a particular person, place or time) 独有的，特有的clayn. 黏土homemadea. made at home, rather than in a shop or factory 家制的;做得简单粗糙的discouragevt. take away (sb.'s) confidence or (sb.'s) hope of doing sth. 使泄气，使灰心* stumblevi. 1. walk in a clumsy way 跌跌撞撞地走2. speak or perform with many mistakes or hesitations 结结巴巴地说话gracelesslyad. not attractively or elegantly; in a clumsy manner 不优美地，笨拙地gracen. 1. elegance in movement or behaviour 优美;风度2. kindness; willingness to do what is right 善意;体谅gracefula. 1. (of movement or shape) attractive to see 优美的'2. (of a speech or feeling) suitably and pleasantly expressed 优雅的;得体的* graciousa. polite, kind and pleasant, esp. to people of a lower social position 亲切的，和蔼的Phrases and Expressionstone upmake (one's body) stronger, fitter, etc. 使更强壮，使更健康pull onput (sth.) on by pulling 穿上，戴上a big dealsth. important 了不起的事，大事take upstart to learn or practice (a hobby) 开始从事in good shapein good condition 处于良好状况be committed tocare a lot about (a cause, one's job. etc.); be loyal to (a particular ideal) 献身于，忠诚于squeeze intoforce or press into a narrow or restricted space 硬塞进…，硬挤入…as it happens(used before saying sth. surprising) actually; in fact 碰巧，偶然blow it(俚)把这事弄得一团糟keep score(在比赛中)记分get in the way (of sth./of -ing); get in sb.'s wayprevent or interfere with sth.; prevent sb. from doing sth.; block sb.'s progress 妨碍;挡道kind of(infml) somewhat; to some extent (口)有点儿;可以这么说eat upuse (sth.) in large quantities 消耗;用完have a shot at(infml) attempt to do (sth.) (口)尝试;试着去做(某事)put offdelay (doing sth.) 推迟;拖延tidy upmake (sb./oneself/sth.) neat and orderly 整理，收拾put a stop toensure that a process, habit, etc., ends and will not be repeated 制止，使停止make sth. out ofconstruct, create or prepare sth. by combining materials or putting parts together 用…做出…fool aroundbehave in a manner that isn't serious; waste time; do sth. just for fun (口)闲荡，混日子out of shapenot fit 处于不良的(健康)状况in no timevery quickly 立刻，马上Proper NamesLisa Wilson Strick莉莎·威尔逊·斯特里克(女子名)下载全文下载文档。

螀2 1 世纪大学英语第册课后习题参考答案肅Unit1薂Text A螂Vocabulary袀in蒆pulsory 2.relish 3.confidence 4.consequences 5.incentive 6.henceforth 7.invest 8.perceive 9.passion 10.scheming芄1.going steady with Richard 2.in time 3.played into his enemy ' s hands薁4.beyond her widest dreams 5.hung on Michael ' s every word 6.out of focus羀7.feed on 8.the apple of Chris ' s eye 9.filed into the courtroom 10.poring over their collection袇word Building螂w芀2.empress 3.goddess 4.mistress 5.waitress 6.lioness 7.priestess 8.heiress聿2.waitress, actress 3.Lioness 4.mistress芈四蒄2.referee 裁判 3.appointee 被任命者 4.refugee 难民 5.addressee 收件人 6.trainee 受训者7.escapee逃犯8.absentee缺席者9.payee 受款人莃2.trainee 3.absentee 4.refugees 5.addressee 6.escapee腿Structure蒅区膆1. Having too many work on the team slows our work down rather than speeding it up .膂2. He wanted to make his living as a teacher rather than as a businessman. 艿3. In most modern societies women are treated as professorial equal rather than as servants.袆4. “ Body language ” refers to communication through the way you move rather thant to speech.薄5. He preferred to sit quietly in class rather than risking giving an answer that might be wrong .袁6. Andrew is convinced that love rather than money is the key to happiness.艿7. Many people nowadays communicate by email rather thanby phones and faxes.芇8. Mrs.Kester made students think for themselves rather than telling them what to think.莅X蚀1. if only to attract more readers.荿2. 2.if only to get his two teeth filled.蚇3. if only to make a good impression on his girlfriend.螃4. if only to teach him a lesson on how dangerous it is to be so careless.蚂5. if only to stop yourself getting so bored at home.葿Translation螄刘蒅正在上学的孩子们中有一种普遍的错误观念，即他们的老师们曾是些神童。

是什么造就了奥运冠军?约翰· E·安德森1992年，在法国阿尔贝维尔冬季奥运会上，当克里斯蒂·山口在冰场上跌倒时，观众席上一片遗憾的声音。

这位20岁的运动员获得花样滑冰金牌的希望肯定会因这一失足而化为泡影。

但是克里斯蒂站了起来，她灿然一笑，旋转身体，继续表演。

她虽然不幸跌倒，但裁判却给她打了近乎完美的分数。

她能鼓起勇气，重振旗鼓，获得了金牌，这足以证明她的决心和勇气。

作为美国奥运队及许多运动员的顾问，我目睹了许多像克里斯蒂这样年轻的男女运动员：他们在关键时刻能够挖掘自身，找到发挥潜能的一种力量。

他们登上领奖台，不单纯是因为运动才能，还因为他们内在的不屈不挠的意志。

他们拥有梦想。

克里斯蒂·山口6岁时首次穿上溜冰鞋，那时她就想象自己是一名奥运冠军。

邦妮·华纳三度代表美国参加奥运会的仰卧滑行小雪橇比赛。

她直到上了大学才有自己的梦想。

之前，她从未听说过有“仰卧滑行的小雪橇”这种比赛用的雪橇。

这两个年轻女子，一旦拥有梦想，就锲而不舍地、勇敢地追求，为了梦想的实现不遗余力。

最重要的是，这些运动员的父母以及周围的人都支持他们的梦想。

洛雷塔·道斯16岁的女儿多米尼克是代表美国参加奥运会的第一批黑人女性体操运动员之一。

洛雷塔最近告诉记者说，培养一个世界一流的运动员着实不易。

在1992年奥运会之前整整一年中，她很少看见自己的女儿。

为了离体育馆近一点，女儿和教练住在一块，那儿离家有45分钟的车程。

当有人请她给其他运动员的父母提一些建议的时候，她的回答简单却极具说服力。

“相信你的孩子吧，” 她这样说。

这并非意味着每个拥有奥运梦想的孩子都能有朝一日登上领奖台。

但是，梦想是通向成功的第一步——哪怕当初的梦想最终让孩子走向另一条不同的道路。

他们满怀激情。

优秀运动员们梦寐以求的奥运圣火在他们的内心深处燃烧。

他们有强大的动力，不仅要成为最优秀的运动员，还要竭尽全力去实现目标——始终不渝。

全新版大学英语综合教程第三册教案Unit7Unit 7 Making a livingⅠ. Suggested Teaching PlanObjectivesStudents will be able to:understand the main idea (Bill Porter the salesman will never give in) and structure of the text (4 parts, 2 flashbacks);appreciate the characteristics of journalistic writing;grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking, and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.Time Allotment1st period2nd period3rd period4th period5th periodPre-reading; While-reading (structure)While-reading (Parts I-II; Parts III-IV)While-reading; Post-reading (discussion)Post-reading; Check on Ss’ home reading (Text B)Theme-Related Language Learning T asksPre-reading Activities1. T asks Ss the following questions on the song: (5 minutes)Why does Onetta think it worthwhile to work hard day after day? (People need her; some people care for her; she keeps her integrity by working hard.)Would you rather have a low paid job that is interesting or awell-paid job that is boring?2. Role play: Classroom salesman (25 minutes)T lets Ss read the title of Text A, then announces that the class is to do a role-play. One student will act as a salesperson. All other students will act as his / her potential customers.T appoints a student with a relatively advanced level of English to act as the salesperson. He / She will leave the classroom, think of a product to sell, and plan his / her sales talk. The product should be relevant to campus life.After the salesperson leaves the classroom, T selects several Ss at random. Only they can buy from the salesperson. All other Ss must come up with an excuse not to buy.T invites the salesperson back into the classroom. He / she has 10 minutes to close a deal.Ss discuss with their neighbors the qualities of a good salesperson.3. T leads in to the text by saying: From the role-play we know the sale of goods is rather a difficult job. It is even more difficult for a handicapped person, like Bill Porter in Text A. (1 minutes) While-reading activities1. Text structure (9 minutes)1) Ss scan the text to see if there is any natural division of parts in the text. (Asterisks divide the text into 4 parts.) Ss read the first paragraph of each part, locate the time words or references to time. (They are: 5:45, 7:45, “This is the moment he’s been preparing for since 5:45 a.m.”, after 7 p.m.) By then Ss will realize that the text is about a typical day of salesman Bill Porter.T explains language points in Parts I - II and gives Ss practice (see Language Study). (25 minutes) Ss re-read Parts I - II to finda flashback. Then, by reading the sentences preceding and following the flashback, they will see how skillfully it is woven into the narration. (10 minutes)T explains language points in Parts Ⅲ-Ⅳand gives Ss practice (see Language Study). (35 minutes)Ss re-read Parts III — IV to find another flashback. Then, by reading the sentences preceding and following the flashback, they will see how skillfully it is woven into the narration. (10 minutes)Post-reading Activities1. Group discussion (25 minutes)1) Ss form groups to discuss the following questions:What has Bill Porter been struggling for all his life? Do you think it is worth his efforts?How do you feel about Bill Porter? Why?What characteristics of journalistic writing do you find in this article?Some groups report to class.T explains in more detail the characteristics of journalistic writing (see Text Analysis).T guides Ss through some after-text exercises. (30 minutes) T checks on Ss’ home reading (Text B). (3 minutes)Ss do Part IV: Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks. (1 period)T asks Ss to prepare for the next unit: (2 minutes)do the pre-reading task;preview Text A.Ⅱ.Text AnalysisThis article first appeared in a newspaper; therefore it carries many characteristics of journalistic writing.First of all, a journalist tries to be objective in reporting. As a result, third-person narrative is usually preferred over first-person narrative. Moreover, the journalist would not make any comments to reveal his / her feelings, but simply give the facts.Secondly, an eye-catching beginning helps lure readers to linger more on the story out of an overwhelming number of stories offered by the day’s newspaper. For example, at the beginning of this story, we learn that it takes our physically deformed hero great efforts to get up so as to do something important, yet what is this something? We are kept in suspense until the fourth paragraph.Thirdly, the vocabulary is simple, the sentences and paragraphs short, sometimes elliptical (see after-text exercise on ellipsis). When needs (for emphasis, to list a series of rapidly conducted activities, etc.) arise, a paragraph is as short as one sentence.Lastly, conversations can be transcribed word for word if they illustrate the theme, like the one in the text between Bill Porter and his indecisive female customer.Ⅲ. Cultural Notes1. Salesmanship: Sales promotion is an element of the marketing process that can close the sale of goods or services to a potential customer by providing the incentive to make a positive purchasing decision. Sales promotion, advertising, and salesmanship are the major techniques used in merchandising products to the public. Salesmanship often takes the form of a face-to-face encounter between the buyer and seller; the presentation is set up to convince customers that the product on sale is essential to their satisfaction. The lack of personal feedback between buyer and seller is sometimes considered adrawback of the advertising approach. Selling by telephone, although it is significantly less effective than personal selling, is still considered an important method of merchandising. In the 1980s, a growing promotional technique involved in-home shopping programs using cable television channels. In recent years with the help of the Internet online shopping is becoming popular.The traveling salesman appeared late in the 19th century both in Europe and in the U.S. The early itinerant peddler carried his goods on his back or on his horse, working his way from a port city through the hinterlands. With the coming of the railroad and the assurance given to sellers by new credit-reporting systems, salesmen with their sample cases moved across the land. Persuasive skill was less important in those days of unsatisfied demand, and orders were readily forthcoming. By 1900, however, with the increasing supply of manufactured goods, buyers became more discriminating in their purchases. Greater attention was given to training the sales force and to providing buyer incentives. The growth of industrialization and urban living led to the development of merchandising as a major business endeavor. The use of sales promotion practices experienced steady growth in the 20th century.The techniques of sales promotion are used both to motivate salespersons to improve their performance and to induce consumers to purchase goods and services. Although sales promotion works most closely with advertising, it is also related to other elements of marketing: production services, packaging, price, and distribution. At the manufacturing and wholesale levels of distri-bution, the methods used to motivate personnel to meet specific goals usually fall into two categories —salesincentive prizes (such as merchandise, travel, or cash awards) and sales contests. Both are based upon the salesperson reaching an objective above the normal salesquota.Consumer promotions encompass a wide variety of techniques, including sampling of goods or services, store redeemable “money-off’ coupons to encourage the trial of products, special price-reduced packages, mail-in premium merchandise offers, cash or coupon refunds by mail, special product packaging, contests, and sweepstakes. During recessionary periods, when the demand for consumer expendable dollars becomes more competitive, there is greater participa-tion in refund, coupon, and premium offers. More than half the households in the U.S. take advantage of some sales promotion offers each year.Sales promotion, now fully recognized as a vital element in the marketing mix, has become a multibillion dollar industry. In recent years, sales promotion expenditures have exceeded monies spent on advertising and there are strong indications that this pattern of growth will continue to maintain its economic edge.Ⅳ. Language Study1. linger: 1) spend a long time doing sth.Examples: My daughter used to linger long over her meal.There will be no time to linger—the press conference will begin in a few minutes.2) stay for a long time, esp. because one does not want to leaveExamples: It is a dreary little town where few people would choose to linger.He was still lingering around the stadium long after the game was over.2. scar: a mark left on the skin by a wound, burn, etc. after it has healedExamples: It’s easy to recognize the little boy because he has a scar on his left arm.The witness told the police that the criminal had a scar on his forehead.vt. leave a scar onExamples: The burns were so severe that he will be scarred for life.Her face was scarred by smallpox.So, too, do the voices of those who...: The voices of those who ... also echo in his soul. dignity: the quality of being worthy of honor or respectExamples: A physician shall be dedicated to providing competent medical service with com-passion and respect for human dignity.Some think that cloned human beings will be deprived of freedom or dignity or personal identity. They hold on to the faith that the value of life depends on its dignity and not its success.5. cripple: 1) cause to become unable to move or walk properlyExamples: At the beginning of the year 2000 crippled children were on state lists to receive care.Peter’s father was crippled by a stroke.2) damage or harm (sb./sth.) seriouslyExamples: Shootings and robberies of tourists over the past several years had crippled the tourist industry in Miami. The terrorists’ attack has not crippled the US economy.6. betray: show a lack of loyalty to; give or show (sb. / sth.) to an enemyExamples: According to the Gospels of Matthew and Mark, greed made Judas betray Jesus to the chief priest for 30 pieces of silver.He was accused of betraying his country during the war.It turned out that he was an informer, and, betrayed the plan to the Germans.7. gain on: come closer to, esp. a rival or sth. pursuedExamples: Hurry up — they are gaining on us!She was gaining on her opponents throughout the race, but only overtook them at the very end.8. tremble: shake from cold, fear, weakness, etc.Examples: Her hands grew very cold and trembled so that she could hardly hold the flag. Madison was extremely pale and trembled excessively as he began his inaugural address.For much of the day the pavements tremble from the weight of passing traffic.9. kick up: (cause to) riseExamples: The horses kicked up a cloud of dust.The boys kicked up the leaves that lay thick upon the ground with the coming of autumn.10. tilt: (cause to) move into a sloping positionExamples: The pilot can tilt the helicopter forward, backward, or to either side.In the northern hemisphere, the sun climbs high in the sky and the days are long in summer, when the northern end of th e earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun.n.Examples: The Leaning Tower of Pisa is renowned for itsmarked tilt.The amount of daylight in a day varies throughout the year, based on the tilt of Earth’s axis.11. lean: (cause to) be in a sloping position; bendExamples: He leaned his bike against the wall.She leaned over the bridge to look at the boats passing beneath it.a. producing little of value; containing little or no fatExamples: The company has apparently recovered from several lean years.The recession and lean state budgets continued to trouble school officials.We like to eat very lean and tender meat.12. delivery: 1) the process of birthExamples: Women who do manual work have easy deliveries. In the end, it was an easy delivery:a fine baby boy.2) the delivering of letters, goods, etc.Examples: Federal Express Corporation provide rapid delivery of packages, letters, and other shipments within the United States and worldwide.Most newspapers offer home delivery.13. section: any of the parts into which sth. is dividedExamples: This article consists of ten major sections.Newspapers typically have sections for local news, sports, arts and entertainment, business, and classified advertising.14. disorder: disturbance of the normal working of the body or mind; lack of order Examples: Severe vitamin and mineral deficiencies can lead to mental disorders. Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese practice that treats disorders by insertingneedles under the skin.The school authorities took immediate action to stop campus violence and disorder.15. transfer: move from one place to another (usu. used in the pattern: transfer sth. / sb. (from...to)) Examples: Transferring Peter from Tokyo to the Boston office was a smart idea. Power was transferred from the President to the Vice President while the President received medical treatment.Commercial airports are designed to transfer passengers and freight to and from aircraft. Creditsearned at junior colleges could be transferred to another institution where students could complete their final years of college.He was transferred from Crystal Palace to Arsenal for ￡ 2.5 million.16. limitation: lack of abilityExamples: Electric cars could travel only a short distance before they needed recharging, due to the limitations of battery technology.Acupuncture is good for some medical conditions but it has its limitations.As a student he recognized his limitations, but did little to improve himself.17. apply for: make a formal request forExamples: I applied for five jobs before I was offered this one.According to the school regulations students will have to apply for permission to study abroad. 18. representative: a person who represents othersExamples: Egypt, Israel, and the representatives of the Palestinian people will participate in negotiations on theresolution of the Palestinian problem.Representatives from more than 170 nations converged on Paris for the Earth Summit.19. literature: 1) printed material used to advertise or promote a productExamples: My friend is sending me literature from two other companies that provide a similar service.There is quite a lot of literature available on the history of computers.2) writings that are valued as works of artExamples: Many readers consider the novel the most flexible type of literature.The graduate school offers master’s or doctoral degree programs for advanced study in such liberal arts and science fields as history, chemistry, physics, and literature.20. pledge: a solemn promiseExamples: They made a pledge to accomplish the task.The boy made a pledge to get straight A’s at the end of the semester.vt.Examples: Member nations of the UN pledge to settle their disputes peacefully and to refrain from using force.They have pledged not to dump hazardous wastes into the river.21. retail: the practice of selling goods in small quantities to the general publicExamples: Wal-Mart is a company that operates a variety of retail chain stores.Department stores refer to large retail stores selling many different kinds of merchandise arranged in separate departments.22. transit: passage through or across; a system of urban public transportationExamples: Our fleet made the transit through the Panama Canal without any difficulty.The president wants to improve the nation’s highways and mass transit systems.23. strain: injure (the body or the part of it) or make it weak by too much effortExamples: Swimming does not strain joints and connective tissue as much as many other forms of exercise.He strained his back when he removed the piano with his friends.n. a severe demand on mental or physical strength, resources, abilities, etc. (followed by on) Examples: Some young white collar workers are complaining about their job strain.She has been under terrible strain since her company was bankrupted.The vast expansion in college education is putting an enormous strain on the system.24. useless: not fulfilling the intended purposeExamples: Preventing the country from purchasing oil crippled its army and made its navy and air force completely useless.Overpopulation and overcropping are turning approximately 14 million acres a year of formerly fertile land into barren and economically useless wasteland.25. limb: a leg or an arm; a large branch of a treeExamples: The small size a nd weight of dogs’ feet and limbs require less energy to move.No attempt should be made to move broken limbs untilmedical help arrives.The flag was hanging from the limb of a big tree.26. off balance: in an unsteady position or about to fallExamples: The motorcycle knocked him off balance and he fell down on the ground.The sudden pull threw me off balance.27. territory: land a country controls or ownsExamples: The government denies that any of its territory is under rebel control.A country’s embass y in a foreign country is considered its own territory.28. on the phone: be talking to sb. using the phoneExamples: Please wait outside for a moment; the manager is on the phone.She is always on the phone, wanting to know what her husband has been up to.29. register: 1) be recognized or noted mentallyExamples: On occasions what I said didn’t register in my daughter’s brain.The professor’s name didn’t register with the students.2) record a name, an event, etc. for official purposesExamples: The new students were told that they must register with the University before they could claim their grants.The newly purchased apartment is registered in her name, not her husband’s.30. laundry: clothes or sheets, etc. that have been or need to be washedExamples: The new model washing machine offers numerous settings for washing different types and quantities of laundry.A good deal of laundry had accumulated during the past twoweeks, as our washing machine didn’t work.31. profitable: bringing profit or advantageExamples: The trading department of the investment bank buys and sells securities when prof-itable opportunities arise.Based in New York City, Random House owns many of the most prestigious and profitable book publishing companies in the United States.The trade of opium, a highly profitable product for British merchants and eventually an illegal import into China, led to the Opium Wars.I didn’t find the talk very profitable. On the contrary, I thought it was nonsense.32. off one’s feet: no longer s tandingExamples: After the operation the old man had to stay off his feet.The doctor checked his left foot carefully and said he would have to stay off his feet for about two weeks.33. commission: money paid to sb. for selling goods which increases with the quantity of goodssoldExamples: If a salesperson is paid on commission, the amount they receive depends on the amount they sell.Peter gets 10% commission on every photocopier he sells.34. surgery: treatment of injuries or diseases by cutting or removing parts of the body Examples: People have practiced surgery since ancient times, but it did not become a respected science the 19th cent the 19th century.Surgery is the fastest and most effective treatment for tumors that are detected early.35. be laid up (with): stay in bed, be unable to work, etc.Examples: Our math teacher has been laid up in bed with acute flu for a week.The football player was laid up with a twisted knee.36. signature: a person’s name written by herself or himselfExamples: In law, signatures are put at the end of a legal instrument to show that it is valid.A testator unable to write may make an X, and such a mark is considered a valid signature.37. in time: punctually, not too late; eventuallyExamples: The couple have just arrived in time for lunch.She set the alarm so she would wake up in time to go to school.38. go off: (of electric power, a light, etc.) stop functioning or operatingExamples: All the lights suddenly went off and the stadium was plunged into darkness.。

21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第三册) u n i t1-8课文翻译及课后习题答案-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One121世纪大学实用英语综合教程（第三册）教材Unit 1~8题后答案Unit 1 第一单元教材题后答案5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. curious2. affects3. emergency4. locked5. Relatively6. complaining7. protested8. react9. mood 10. unique 11. consciousness 12. surgery6. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. the bottom line2. thanks to3. reflect on4. had lost touch5. went through6. followed around7. looking on8. woke up9. take action 10. after all10. 翻译Translate the following sentences into English.1. Each time my brother complained about the difficulty of his work, I asked him to look on the bright side.2. The police reacted immediately when report came that two kids had been held up at gunpoint in a nearby building.3. When I pointed out the mistakes in her calculation, instead of correcting them as soon as possible, Mary protested that it was not her fault.4. Tom was curious about the joke I told my colleagues, but he didn’t get it.5. Thanks to his positive attitude, Jack took action and saved his own life before he lostconsciousness in the emergency room.6. When I reflect on what I have achieved in the past, I have to say that success comes from hard work. That’s the bottom line.Unit 2第二单元教材题后答案5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. intense2. concept3. committed4. deserve5. selfish6. compromise7. matters8. opponent9. influence 10. effort 11. shortcuts 12. evidence6. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. work at2. According to3. run through4. in sight5. live with6. a variety of7. When it comes to8. live up to10. 翻译 Translate the following sentences into English.1. Take Michael Jordan, it’s easy for people to see his achievements while neglect the price of blood and sweat that he has paid on the court in order to come out on top.2. Right in the first English class, our teacher conveyed a clear message to us: as the basic building blocks of the language, new words must be memorized; any other shortcut is fool’s gold.3. Thousands of Chinese laborers contributed greatly to theconstru ction of America’s first transcontinental railroad, and their intense efforts deserve a page in American history.4. When it comes to training, the coach has no problem living with all sorts of complaints of the players but he never compromises with any of them.5. Traditional ethics seem especially important in some situations where the margin between right and wrong is as thin as an eggshell.6. As competition intensifies, our opponents and we are all working hard to live up to higher service standards.Unit 3第三单元教材题后答案5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. withdraw2. opposite3. consult4. seeking5. chief6. frustrated7. gather8. suggestions 9. numerous 10. crucial 11. approval 12. yield6. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. give up on2. kicked out3. at the end of my rope4. count!-out5. provide!-wit6. that is7. on the brink of8. moved forward10. 翻译Translate the following sentences into English.1. The health report stresses the importance of fresh fruit and vegetables in our diet.2. I spent a whole week gathering the courage to say no to their request.3. These journeys made him realize to the fullest extent that many of the wor ld’s species were on the brink of extinction.4. Approval of the patient’s family should be sought before doctors carry out such operations.5. Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery.6. We gave up on the missing mountain climber after he had been missing for two weeks.Unit 4第四单元教材题后答案5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. mankind2. determination3. burden4. define5. financial6. resources7. research 8. cure 9. evil 10. hardship 11. suicide 12. suffered6. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. broke down2. took!-for granted3. look!-in the ey e4. couldn’t help but respect5. crying over6. no doubt7. dressing up8. slipped into9. 翻译 Translate the following sentences into English.1. He was no doubt a great hero so people couldn’t help but cry over his death.2. The actor used his celebrity status to fund research that might someday yield a cure for AIDS.3. The disabled man once considered suicide to relieve his family of the heavy burden.4. Children dress up as Superman to capture adults’ attention.5. It wasn’t until I matured that I realized I shouldn’t be afraid to look adversity and hardship in the eye.6. He could have easily stayed at home, for he had plenty of financial resources to keep him from worrying about medical bills..Unit 5第五单元教材题后答案5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. discharged2. anger3. latter4. relationship5. engaged6. backgrounds7. miserable 8. invitation 9. match 10. folded 11. overseas 12. propose6. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. broke down2. from time to time3. From the very beginning4. knocked down5. agreed to6. talk!-round7. due to8. give in9. in silence 10. go abroad10. 翻译 Translate the following sentences into English.1. I just received a email in which Jessica expressed her regret of ending the relationship with her beloved boyfriend.2. She broke down at the loss of her family, and the impact of this miserable incident remained for the rest of her life.3. Both my parents object to my going abroad to further my studies. I wonder if I should give in or try to talk them round.4. Edgar was not good with words, so whenever Jessica vented her anger on him, he only endured it in silence.5. The cheerful background music matches his mood very well, for he’s just got engaged to his beloved girlfriend.6. From time to time the system would utter a piercing noise indicating its inability to run properly.Unit 6第六单元教材题后答案5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. rejected2. properly3. judgment4. employer5. lack6. feedback7. qualified8. suitable 9. candidate 10. confident 11. potential 12. punctual6. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. cope with2. miss out3. applied for4. keep!-in mind5. for a bit6. reflecting on7. fill out8. get back9. a variety of 10. To our amazement10. 翻译Translate the following sentences into English.1. Sometimes even if you are totally qualified for the job, you may still be rejected.2. You should learn to cope with difficult situation. And even more important, don’t look to others for help.3. To my shock/amazement, he was not only involved in a variety of extracurricular activities but also had applied for a part-time job.4. Keep in mind that one more failure is one step closer to success.5. Don’t dwell on the reasons that are out of your control, because this job doesn’t entirely suit you and your chances are slim.6. Although you may not always like to hear negative feedback, whateve r you do, don’t burn your bridges.Unit 7第七单元教材题后答案5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. tuition2. anxiety3. horrors4. switched5. quarter6. steady7. roughly8. prospects 9. disorder 10. represent 11. apparent 12. population6. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. were booked up2. not getting anywhere3. ups and downs4. burst out5. get along with6. broke up with7. in advance8. had no choice9. In spite of 10. take your own life10. 翻译Translate the following sentences into English.1. The students who seek psychological counseling represent only the tip of the iceberg. Most students endure the stress in silence.2. The horror movie overwhelmed him so much that he began to suffer from a sleeping disorder, even insomnia.3. Lisa had always been a straight-A student until her junior year, when she had to hold down two part-time jobs to pay her tuition.4. In spite of the result of the aptitude test, John decided to switch his major from accounting to psychology.5. He would rather remain a sales clerk, apparently because he prefersa steady life to a life full of ups and downs.6. The computer has broken down on more than one occasion. Isn’t that enough for professional helpUnit 8第八单元教材题后答案5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. chemical2. soil3. disturb4. mixture5. substance6. ruin7. consumers8. stable9. pollution 10. supplies 11. decay 12. main6. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.1. leaked out2. due to3. are known as4. depend on5. giving off6. make up7. live on 8. have used up10. 翻译 Translate the following sentences into English.1. With the construction of the nuclear power plant, this city now doesn’t have to worry about its own electricity supply. Instead, it can supply electricity to other cities nearby.2. These vegetables do not decay when kept at a relatively stable low temperature.3. This city is known as the financial center of the country. The development of its economy depends heavily on banking and foreign trade.4. This plant only lives on the top of certain high mountains and gives off a very sweet smell in spring.5. The main cause of this area’s water pollution i the chemical substance that leaks out of a paper mill by the river bank.6. This kind of litter is made up of a mixture of chemical waste. It has poisoned the soil, ruining it completely.。